Ligonier Banner., Volume 25, Number 26, Ligonier, Noble County, 9 October 1890 — Page 3

The Ligonier Banne le Ligonter Bamuer, : R LIGONIER, : i INDIANA. ORIt ot ssT A 1 T RS S SRV AR LSS 75 ST AT LOOKING BACKWARD. The melancholy days have come, The saddest of the year, When lam forced to face the fact : That summer time is dear. : Alas! I've not a dollar left, . And what have Ito show - For all my six months’ savings That I drew a month ago? My pretty flannel trousers Are besmirched with grassy green. My blue and white-striped blazer Is too dirty to be seen. My tennis cap is faded bl To a color without name, .And the laundress has reduced my shirts To something like the same. Flowers andices, drives and bon-bons, Any man is sure to find ‘Will make his substance vanish : Like the chaff before the wind. ‘What with dancing and with tennis (Though improbable it sounds), T weighed myself to day, and fouad I'd lost just twenty pounds. _And seated at my desk, I ask It it is worth it all; - In spring I always answer ‘‘yes,” - I'm doubtful in the fall. . But though I've found this outing, Like all others, short and dear, My inner conscience tells me . That I'll do the same next year. . : —(Cornelia Redmond, in Jury. DOWN IN TEXAS. i Lo e | How a Party of Soldiers Were _ Led on to Death. ; WAS acting as - Govwvernment : ’\\\ < scout, and rjd- ‘// \\“ (\{\ ing- mos,lt‘;ly bteiy ad WV i\ ween lforts .NT 4 . “\\\ | Concho and '\\:\\W D |/ ! i MCI(&VOtt, in O ol Texas. That fi; RGP A S » BT e was during the FhGRE— ! last outbreak ~— R\ of the Texas O f e, Indian, and he ‘“:i};d:&,,/;t%:e\ got su th 8 Zifi —=———= thrashing tha %‘) f(é; " his power was ¢ : broken forwover. For the first six months, however, he had thing§ prettv much his own way, as the troops in garrison were not strong -enough to take the field against him, and some of the posts were even besieged now .and then. Our lines of commuanication had to be kept open, and this duty devolved upon the scouts. Sometimes we rode in twos and threes, but generally it was safest to make the trip alone. In such cases we traveled by night, and depended on dodging the Indians. ' The direct route between these posts was over an open country, broken with dry gullies, as the plains always are, “but I never took thatroute. I kept to the west to get the cover of the foothills, and, although this lengthened the Jjourney by fifty miles, I had a show for getting safely through. I had made it ‘three times, when the Indians became 80 troublesome at McKavett that the commandant at Concho was ordered to re-enforce thie garrison from his own weak force. It was decided to send ten men, and a scout named Rogers and myself were topilot them. The day before we left Concho the Indians drove in our herders and were so defiant that we knew they must be in force. Notwithstanding this fact, when we got ready to go the Lieutenant in charge af the party determined to take the most direct route, which covered a distance -of about sixty-five miles. He further ‘planned that we were to ride all night and finish the rest of the distance by daylight. The name of this officer was Walton. If Iremember right he had ‘been Major in a colored regimentduring the war, but had seen no service. After the war he had been transferred to the regulars as a Second Lieutnant. I had scarcely noticed him whilein and out of ‘the post, and now when I came to size him up I was greatly disappointed. He ;knew nothing whatever of Indian warfare, but was very conceited and egotistical. His instructions to us were: '

“We will head straight for McKavett by the shortest route, and if we meet any Indians we will ride them down.” When Rogers and I were alone he said to me: - 3

['“Bid everybody a long good-bye before you start, for you are going to your feath.” . “You don’t like him ?” “His ignorance and conceit wiil be the destruction of the party.” - I felt so, too, but it was no use to arg‘ue‘—the matter. Like many other fresh officers, Walton looked upon the Indians as cowards, who attacked only lone or defenseless settlers, and who would be overawed by the sight of

(\ ‘J/I s "‘% El Mk{ Jfl . 7 (el W, AR 8 -—— /| SR . AR £ g (\{\ D 'W/M AR A ) ] kLGN /el | : | A | LY SRS TR (/) - U |/ Sty ) J ;fil”"f"?i- \ > LL@?" N """l‘ A ~ N == 155 | %l T G ‘/'/%fi 1{ t ZM\ [ == - 44 iz \" 4 99 8 I A | U Y e B 7 T é’\ g “L :C-._ g—-:'l :’: » {‘.‘" ' ,i-;‘_;.;if.; Ny “‘BID EVERY ONE A LONG GOOD-BYE.” | twelve men riding across the country. By Roger’s advice we took extra ammunition and extra rations, and each of us had an extra canteen of water. We left the fort about nine o’clock of a July ovening, and the soldiers made mnoise enough with the carbines and sabers to have warned any Indian a mile away of what was taking place.. We headed atraight for Little Concho river, every horse on a gallop, and 1 was amazed when we had crossed the stream and had not yet been attacked. “We shan’t be attacked to-night.” #aid Rogers, who was an old Indian fighter. ‘““The reds no doubt had spies around the fort who saw us leave, and they know just where we are going. “They’ll have time after daylight.” ; ~ As the hours went by and we were unmolested, the Lieutenant called our ‘attention to the fact that the Indians were afraid, and later on he claimed to be disappointed that they would - not ‘givewus a show. : : “We’ve had Injuns riding behind us and to the right and left of us ever :since we started,” replied Rogers.

“Daylight won’t be half an hour old beYore we’ll have plenty of business on hand.” “Do you believe they’ll dare attack us??. . : ' *Sartin.” “Well, I only hope so. I'm aching for a sweep at them.”" b All night long, with only an occa-. sfonal halt of five or ten minutes for the horses to blow or quench their thirst at a pond hole, we rode over the rough and sterile ground, and three different times during the night I was sure that 1 heard our enemies close at hand. Half an hour before daylight, as our horses climbed out of a deep gully, Rogers said to the officer: | “Lootenant, hev ye got any pertickler plan as to how ye’ll fight ’em?” ‘“‘What do you mean?” - “Why, daylight is fast coming. Just as soon as you kin see any thing you’ll seefiedskins, and they’ll be ten or fiftéen to one. How ar’ ye going to fight ’em?” - “I don’t believe we shall see a living Indian. If we do, we can soon put them to flight.” : The ground was now more broken with frequent outcroppings of rock, with a gully at the bottom of every ridge. The soldiers could only walk their horses over this ground, and the only preparation the officer made was to wheel them into line and give us 4 front of twelve men. Rogers and I were beside the officer. Daylght came slowly but surely, enabling us to see further and further.” And at length, as we rose a ridge, Rogers called out: “Just as 1 told you, Lootenant. See there!™ :

On the plateau, half a mile beyond ts, were about seventy-five. Indians on horseback. Rogers knew, and so did 1, that the gullies on our right and left held other Indians, and that to go ahead was to ride into a trap. The officer was more of a fool than a coward. As soon as he saw the Indians he gave the command to draw sabers, but Rogers cried out: Nie “Don’t do it, Lootenant; It’s- a trap! If ye charge that crowd ye’ll be done fur in two minutes!”

“You mind your own business, or I'll put you under arrest!” _

“But I tell you it’s a trap!” o “Now, men, we’ll drive right through ’em if they’ll only stand long enough! Draw sabers! Forward—trot—gallop—charge!” ) ‘ < Rogers and I rode beside him, each with a revolver in ,hand, but whgn we had covered half the distance there was a volley fired from the ravine to the left, quickly followed by one from the right, and men and horses went down in a heap. I twitched on a rein and bore sharp to the right, and in crossing the gully my horse knocked an Indian down. I had gained the level ground beyond when.l heard Rogers calling from the rear: : ‘‘Keep more to the right—to the right! We want to reach that mass o’ rock!”

The point designated was about half s mile away, and I saw at once that it was a natural defense. It seemed as if p hundred shots were fired at us as we raced for the spot, and we had scarcely reached it when the Indians swarmed about and we had to open fire- on them. The spot to which we had retreated is still called ‘““‘Rogers’ Grave,” although that is a misnomer. Aside from the natural outcroppings, loose bowlders had been rolled together until there was a circular fort covering a space fifty feet across. I never knew who made It, but have always believed it was used as a defense by a party of trappers many years before. It was a big jump for our horses, but they cleared the parapet, and a minute later we opened such a hot fire on the Indians as to drive them back. There were, as was afterward known,exactly two hundred and thirteen of #them, but we killed three and wounded two as we beat them off. As they sullenly retired out of range we had time to think of the sdldiers, but before I had asked a question Rogers pointed to a spot half a mile away, and said: : ‘“There are three of the horses. The others are dead in that gully, and every man with them.”

A little later on we saw eight or ten of the redskins riding about with soldiers’ hats on, and we were forced to believe that the party had been wiped out to the last man, and that without baving struck a blow. 1t was miraculous how we had escaped, but neither man nor horse had received a scratch. Luckily, the horses had drank their fill half an hour before, and though there was little in the way of food for them, we knew they could' hold out for a couple of days.

Our first move was to get out ogr ammunition. KEach of ushad a Wi,r(l)(a.lester and two revolvers, and each had at least two hundred cartridges. After the first rush the Indians drew off in a crowd half a mile away, leaving a few sentinels to watch us. Theyrobbed the dead, and perhaps tortured some poor wretch who had a spark of life left. They also built fires and cooked breakfast, and seemed to take things as-easy as if our capture was a sure thing. Seeing them thus employed, we set to work to contract the dimensions of our fort. There was no bowlder which our united strength could not handle, and at the end of an hour we had eontracted the circle until it was not more than twenty feet across. We had at the same time strengthened and increased the height of the walls, and now no horse could leap them.. How long the siege would last, or to what straits we would be brought, no one could say, but we meant to give them a good fight.

It was about 10 o'clock when they moved on us. As was expected, they first sent a flag of truce,- demand',ing our surrender and promising us good treatment. When this was refused they began circling our defense and firing upon it. They had no idea of its strength, or they would not have wasted their powder. The circle kept growing ‘ narrower as they rode,-and by and by Rogers and I got in two shots apiece, and each dropped a warrior off his horse. That broke them up, and they retired for gouncil. While they were holding a confab I slipped over the rocks and secured the rifles and ammunition of the three dead warriors and got safely back, and now we were ready for their next move. They had concluded on a “‘surround,” and four-fifths of their number scattered on foot and formed a circle. Then they advanced hy creeping and crawling and taking advantage of such cover as they could find. Each Indian fired as fast as he could. They probably hoped that some chance bullet might kill, and they reasoned that a hullabaloo might affect our nerve. We knew that is would end in a charge, and we held our fire and made ready for the ¢ritical moment. i : We were under fire for a full hour, Gl ol e

and the line was in some’ places only a pistol-sbot away, when the signal was finally given. I mever could recall just what took place. 1 know that some of them gained the top of the rocks, and I know that Rogers got a flesh wound and his horse was killed, and all of a fi}idden the redskins retreated. Two warriors had fallen dead inside our defense, and when we came to look about we found three more outside, and were sure the Indians had carried off a number of dead and wounded. For an hour after their defeat the redskins were in council and out of range. Then another flag of truce 'was sent forward. We were complimented on our bravery! but told that there was no possible help for us. - If we would surrender we weuld be treated like brave men, but if not they would put us to the torture before sundown. We sent the fellow back with a defiance, and half an. hour later every Indian mounted his horse. The band divided into four parties, so as to take us on all sides, and it now seemed as if the pinch had come. If they had the grit to charge up they could pour a plunging fire down on us from their \,\_\ e ——— 'C( sl \’&.“_“n- N "‘““W P ~) ; }\\N‘ Y A 01,/ T 'Mif Aoy g . BN 1B AU, 2R\ GV \\.Q&E:}\KQ; Af? - %7.”%\\{‘)\ - //’/_} - S g ‘A%@f& ’4 = — | v i 3 o

ROGERS' AND I GOT TWO SHOTS APIECE. saddles. 'We were as ready as we could be and expecting every moment to hear the signal, when the party on the north suddenly withdrew, and in five minutes was followed by all the others. They gathered in a mob, held couneil for a few minutes, and then the entire gang rode off to the west and were soon out of sight. We suspected a trap, but after waiting until four o’clock and seeing nothing more of them we turned out and headed for the fort and reached it withovt further adventure. The Indians had withdrawn because they knew it was a losing game.—N. Y. Sun. : - A GIRL}S OWN BROTHER. Why He Should Be Treated with Courtesy and Consideration, : ‘‘But, he’s my own brother.” Is that any reason why you should take his courtesies for granted, and rever say ‘‘thank you?” - : Is that any reason why you should not try and make an evening at home pleasant for him, instead of forcing him by your selfishness to seek his happiness somewhere else? - Is that any reason why you should not think his opinion of your frocks, your bonnets or your looks worth consideration? : » Is that any reason why you should appear before him ‘in a clumsy wrapper and with your hair in papers? ‘ Is that any reason why, when you have a man visitor, he should be made to feel thatfl’b} endured your brother when there was nobody else, but that when there was—well, then it was different? $

" Is that any reason why you should not be glad of a dance or a game with him as your partner? : Is that any reason why you should not listen to his word of advice about other girls or their brothers? Is that any reason why you should not be interested in A#s story of the shooting jor the hunting, when you are in the same tales from other peopie? " Is that any reason why you should push him to the wall except when you need him, and then claim his attention as your right? : Because he is your very own brother you ought to be ten-fold more considerate of him than of the brothers of other girls. Because he is your very own brother you ought to study his tastes and cater to them; read the books that he likes and suggest others to him, study the songs he fancies and be glad to make new ones known to him. In this way you will make your brother your very own, and to him ‘‘sister” will be the most delightful among girls. Are you your brother’s keeper? Yes, in a way; but you do not keep him by fetters formed of ill-temper, untidiness and lack of courtesy, but by one made of every feminine grace and brightened by a sisterly love. That is the keeper that will give you your brother’s love and make you worthy the heart of some® other girl’s brother, to6.—Ladies’ Home Journal. : The Habit of Right-Doing. The mind is largely dependent for its strength and elearness of vision upon the ‘purity of the life. Itis true that a man should know wHhat is right in order to do right; but it is also true that he must be in the habit of doing right in order to make such knowledge of, an;y practical value. For example, one who is accustomed to live wisely and to avoid whatever he ,believes injurious, learns one day through a trustworthy source that a certain article of diet of which he is fond or a certain habit that he has acquired is deleterious, and he at once discontinues it. Another, accustomed to self-indulgence, receives the same instruction, and makes no change in his conduct. The intellect of each has been appealed to alike, and their knowledge of the point in question is equal; but in the one case the habit of right-doing makes it operative, in the other the habit of wrong-doing makes it inoperative.—Once a Week. —Wedding celebrations—The wedding celebrations occur as follows: Three days, sugar; sixty days, vinegar; first anniversary, iron; fifth anniversary, wooden; ténth anniversary, tin; fifteenth anpiversary, crystal; twentieth .anniversary, china; - twenty-fifth an‘niversary, silver; thirtieth anniver--sary, cotton; thirty-fifth anniversary, linen; fortieth anniversary, woolen; forty-fifth anniversary, silk; fiftieth an‘niversary, golden; seventy-fifth annie ~versary, diamond. . My, Hayseed—‘‘Yes, mum, all I've [ been telling you about my dog is true. He kin hunt in every sort o’ way, mind children, chew up tramps, keep off crows, tend sheep, go to the post-office—or do any thing you tell him to.” City Dame —‘“How wonderful! What breed is he?” “No particular breed.” ‘No particular breed? Why, what do you keep him for then?’—Good News. : LR des

CLASS LEGISLATION.

A Contidential Republican Circular as a . Campaign Document. A business circular lately issued by Foster, Stevens & Company, of Grand Rapids, Mich.,, a firm which handles more hardware, cutlery, tin, silverplated goods and glass than any other house in its State, is one of the most effective anti-tariff and anti-trust campaign documents that could be prepared. The house was established by the late Wilder D. Foster, for many years a Republican member of Congress from Michigan, and his interests are still held in his family. The circular is therefore an entirely accidental contribution to Democratic campaign literature from a strictly Republican source. - The effect of the tariff-robbery schemes of the party in power, and the trusts. which this fzarty has fostered, is evidenced in the chnfidential but halfapologetic introduction of Messrs. Foster, Stevens & Co., which says: - As important and rather radical advances in prices of some articles in the hardware line are daily taking place, we wish to say a few words S 0 you may more fully understand the situation and not think that the jobber is overcharging you. . ~ Crops have been .poor; potatoes are gold and none to sell; wheat a half crop; corn all “nubbins” by reason of early frost, and still the tendency of prices in the household utensil trade is decidedly upward. : An unconscious turn is next taken at the trusts in the hardware line: There is now but one axe company in the United States. and that is called the American Axe & Tool Company, with headquarters at Pittsburgh. Thiggompany has purchased outright every axes{adtory in the country of any importance, a y thus controlling the productio ave advanced prices on an average of s%a dozen. * * % * * * * * mfiaws, hand and cross-cut) thée s ame forces have been at work, and to day there are but two companies who manu facture hand-saws, where there were a dozen four months ago. Prices in this line of goods have been advanced from 10 to 40 per cent. In cross-cuts it is the. same. By a consolidation of interests prices have been advanced from 4 to 8 cents a foot. i

So much for the protected trusts, and now for dutiable lead and the Republican silver bill: ‘ Every thing made of lead has taken a decided advance, owing to recent decisions on the admitting ef Mexican ore into this country, as well as by combinations of manufacturers. Shot, lead pipe, pig-lead, solder, babbit metal, have all advanced, and may go still higher, The passage of the silver bill will also aftect all articles made of or coated with silver. In the hardware line plated knives and forks spoons, etc., will be affected and advances made. The evils of the silver bill were never so graphically set forth as in this evidence of its practical workings in extorting toll for the silver kings of Colorado from every household in the land. It is clearly an utterly pernicious and disgraceful measure of robbery and outrage on the whole people. 5 - Restraining indignation and excusable wrath, let us read on:

The present tariff on sheet tin is 1 cent a pound and the McKinley tariff bill, which no doubt will pass both houses of Congress, advances the duty to 22-10 cents a pound. This must, of course, advance tin from $1.25 to $3 a box, according to the weight of said box. This advance in sheet tin will affect all articles of tinware and advances will be made all along the line. ! * * * * * * *

Tin in New York has already advanced from 50 cents to $1 a ‘box and is growing stronger each day as the certainty of the passage of the McKinley tariff bill becomes more assured. Not a box of tin is made in this country, notwithstanding which tin has declined in price from $l5 to $4.75 a box during the past twentyfive years.,

In-this way the genius for mischief of Mr. McKinley and associates is revealed to the consumers of this tariff-ridden land, the load taking the form of a burdensome tax saddled on the helpless subjects of a coterie of office-holding politicians and business monopolists. After referring to the glass trust, the advertisers further defend the advanced prices in their new catalogue and close with the assertion that, notwithstanding the advance in goods, there is hope that the limit is reached, since in no instance are the wholesale firms (trusts) with which they deal proposing toconsider any increase of wages to those engaged in the labor of working the raw material into goods. _ The circular, when read betiween the lines, as every intelligent citizen who is posted on National legislation will read it, is a forcible arraignment of the tariff policy of the Republican party and a rebuke to every man who has voted to : & : : sustain that party and its policy. In none of the.legislation of the McKinley class is the consumer or the workingman benefited, but, on the other hand, allclasses, except a favored few who are already wealthy, receive a direct injury. The laborer works for the same pay and, as a consumer along with all the lines of citizenship, must pay the increase demanded by Republican legislation and the protected trusts for all the necessaries as well as the luxuries of life. ; i

This confidential Republican circular will no doubt enter largely into the tariff discussions of the fall. campaign. We commend it to State committees and to Democratic workers everywhere. —Chicago Globe. =

BAYARD’S WARNING.

The Ex-Secretary Bewails the Potency of Money in Controlling Polities.

. Ex-Secretary Bayard and Senator Gray were speakers at a Democratic massmeeting at Wilmington, Del. The former took a decidedly dark view of the condition of affairs in the country at large. He said: “I can clearly see that the spirit that is now governing the American people is not one founded in intelligence or conscience, but it is the power of wealth. It is a plutocracy and not a democracy. ¢ Everywhere is this made apparent. I can see it in this city—in all the great cities of the country. Against it I warn you as the representatives of the masses of the American people. A plutocracy—a government by wealth—has every fault and not one of the virtues of aristocracy which our government was intended to replace and make impossible in this country. If I were to sum up the issue which is clearly to my mind being made in this State—indeed, all over the United States~—l would say it is the question of ‘money against manhood,’ and if the party in which I was born, in which the whole of my life has been passed, has any truthin it, it is that it is the party of manhood as against the m’ere.;nfluence of money. , -

“T have seen it stated by one of its chief advocates and another that the object of the Lodge-Davenport bill was to give publicity to elections. But, my friends, what we want is to preserve the conscience of the individual voter, that no one but himself and the eye that reads all things shall know what vote he places in the ballot box in the convictioms of his conscience. We want men protected from every influence except reason, intelligence, conscience. We neither want them to be frightened from their duty nor debauched—first impoverished and then debauched—in order to prevent them from eéxercising their suffrage in its fullest and largest sense. The more you test it the truer you will find my allegation that the issue in Delaware, as in most of the States of the Union, will be money against manhood, and may Delaware ever find herself on the side of manhood as against the mere power of money.n 5 % ——The whole country is in a broad grin over the demand of the Indiana Republicans that elections shall be honest. Colonel Dudley must have put that inreLoulp'ville Courier-Journal,

MR. PLUMB’'S TESTIMONY. The McKinley Bill * Takes Into Account . Solely the Manufacturer.” A Pennsylvania Republican wrote Senator Plumb, of Kansas, protesting against his recent = tariff reform speeches. In his reply Senator Plumb said, among other things: Notwithstanding the poor opinion of me which you express; that I probably make speeches which do not represent my sentiments, I want to assure you that I never was more in earnest in my life ®#han in making the remarks you mention. It may be, as ybu say, that the manufacturers are having a haxd time, ‘but this has been true of the farmers, whom I represent, for many years, and tkey do not seem to think just now that it would be any relief to them to put up the prices of manufactured goods. Congress passed a bill for the benefit of the worsted manufacturers a short time ago which, I am told, put up the prices about twenty-five per cent. The McKinley bill, it is said, and on apparent good a}utlmrity, will increase them about twenty-tive per cent. more. Somebody must, of - course, pay these extra duties, and it seems too me - as’' though the consumers were fairly to be taken into account. I agree that in raising revenues for carrying on the Government proper regard may be had as to the needs of the domestic: manufacturer in the way- of protection, but he must take some chances in the country in which he lives and which he exvects to supply with goeds. In my judgment, the MeKinley bill is decidedly wrong as it passed the House. It may or may not be made petter in the Senate, but in' its present shape it takes into account solely the manufactwrér, overlooking wholly the consumer. . For this reason it does rot m et with my views, Here we have a square confession by a leading Republican Senator that the McKinley bill ‘‘takes into account solely the manufacturer.” 'Mr. Blaine has already told the country that there is not a section or a line in the McKinley bill that opens a market for another bushel of wheat or another barrel of pork. The leading Republican newspapers in Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas and Missouri have denounced it in equally emphatic terms.

Thus we have abundance of unimpeachable Republican testimony to the demerits of the McKinley bill. And yet it was passed by Congress and approved by President Harrison as a Republican party measure.—lndianapolis Sentinel.

MORTGAGES ALL RIGHT.

According to Butterworth and Ingalls '. Debt Is a Blessing Indeed.

Benjamin Butterworth has long been recognized as a man of the most eminent ability. What other man could so ably fulfill the duties of three positions, cach of which might well claim his entire time and attention? Benjamin is Congressman from the First Ohio district, but his duties to his trans-Rhenish constituency do not prevent him from making a very acceptable secretary of the greatest international exposition ever undertaken. Heis also political exhorter-at-large for the Republican party. In his last-named capacity Benjamin recently went into the rural regions of lowa to instruct the ‘agriculturists about the straight and narrow political paths in which™ they should go. He explained very satisfactorily to himself that a mortgage whigh the average farmer has hitherto regarded as opposed to.his interests is in reality a very good thing, .indeed. His view is also.concurred iin by that peculiar political phenome‘non, Senator Ingalls, of Kansas. Sena--tor Ingalls, too, believes that mortgages are all right. He claims to have experimented with the mortgage industry and with most excellent results. The testimony of these twoeminent Republican lights seems to indicate that a popular misapprehension exists concerning mortgages. Ingalls says he has made money by mortgaging other people’s property. Now all thatisrequired to make the Kansas farmer nrosperous |is for him to devise a means by which he can mortgage his neighbor’s property ~and keep from mortgaging his own. - There is the whole secret of success. . Theoretically it is-.easy enough, and Sentaor Ingalls himself is a living example of its entire practicability. Farmers, therefore, who expect to raise mortgages on their own farms ought to be careful to plant mortgages on other people’s property.—Chicago Mail

DRIFT OF OPINION.

——Seeretary Blaine clings to his reciprocity and Speaker Reed points to his majority.— Washington Post. ——The mass of bummers, blacklegs and bullies in Chicago has long been in the pay of the highly moral Republican party. —Times. : ——The first thing called for after the passage of the McKinley bill is an extraordinary effort by the United States Treasury to avert a monetary panic.— Providence Journal. :

— President Harrison has given Consul-General New a vacation to manage the Indiana floaters. Mr. New's salary will go on as usual. Public office is a public trust. Fitness is the essential and discriminating test.—St. Louis Republic. ——According to Mr. Ingalls ‘“‘the worst Republican is preferable ito the best Democrat.” That is, a ‘‘practical politician,” like Blocks-of-Five Dudley is to be preferred to an honest man and a statesman like Allen G. Thurman.— Kansas City Star. : L

——Facts are facts and all the talk in the world can not change them. General -Barrundia was shot to death upon an American vessel and fell literally in the shadow of the American flag. The State Department has notsucceeded in finding out what it intends to do about it. ' J. G. B.’s brilliant foreign policy néeds oiling.-—Detroit Free Press. . KILGORE, from Texas, in the House, Kicked down the lobby door, Which, hitting Dingley on the nose, Bestrewed with blood the floor. What pity ’tis this Congressman From far-off sunny South, s . This lobby door should not have kicked Against old Cannon’s mouth. ; o —N. Y. Sun. ——All that Mr. Reed believes or does is the logical outcome of his party’s service to monopoly. He is essentially the most logical Republican of his time, and Mr. Blaine is no longer ‘‘the man from Maine.” He has a rival whose latest victory at: the polls advances him very far towards complete party leadership.—N. Y. World. : The Shylock Senator from Kansas. " Ingalls, in his talk to the Pennsylvanian Republicans, never said a word about loaning money to Kansas farmers at 18 per cent. interest; neither did he tell them how he managed to accumulate a quarter of a million dollars on a salary of $5,000 a year. Had he called attention to his Shylock method of doing business with farmers he might have enlightened them. But no, he could better serve his purpose by denouncing Democrats in language unbecoming any man occupying the office of United States Senator. This, however, is characteristic of the man; he wouldn’t | be in his element were he not bélching forth fire and brimstone. He is the devil incarnate. Truth enddecency are foreign to his character.—N. Y. World.

FOR LITTLE PEOPLE. DO FAIRIES ' STILL EXIST? Yes, my darling! fairies still . Hover round the open door— 5 Fairies both of good and ill—- s Just the same as days of yore, . There’s a fairy, sometimes known By the name of Thoughtfulness; i Light her step and soft her tone,” : And her mission usefulness, ! Mindful of the.smallest part, £ - This good fairy takes her way; To the one of heavy heart, o ~_ She has cheering words to say, Hand in hand, with Love she goes, Through the realm of Fairyland, And the blessings she bestows ; Crown her Queen of all the band'’ There’s another, that we call ‘- Patience, when we see her face; Yor no task, or great or small, Mars its sweet and steadfast grace. - Hope and Faith with Patience dwell Where the towering mountains lie; Nought disturbs the charmed spell : Of their peace and harmony. ' Lives a blessed one we know, o, By the name of Charity— ; Name that sets our hearts aglow, ; And stirs to human sympathy. S In her tender eyes the gald ’ : Far outweighs the worthless dross; B Somewhere in the spirit’s fold, ; There’s a gain outweighs the loss. Need we name those sad of mien— Hate and Envy and Distrust— In their eyes the brighest 'scene 2 Shows some darkeried stain or rust. . In the twillight fairies come; List the message that they bring! Sound the door of every home, s Pairies still are hovering. ; —Elizabeth A. Davis, in Golden Days. -

ABOUT PEBBLES.

How the Bits of Rock From which They i are Made are Shaped.

Is there ‘a more common, every-day object in tire world than a pebble? How can one find any thing to say about that? Well, one can try, anyhow. . In the first place, it is weli to know just what we are talking about. What is a pebble? A rounded bit of rock. How did it get its shape? Why—but,, hello! we are on the track of a story already. - . : o Have you ever been in a quarry, or noticed where a street.had been sut through a mass of rock, as often happens in the upper part of New York City? You have? Wery well, did you not notice that the rock in the walls of the quarry or in the exposed face of the stfeet cutting was full of cracks and seams? Yes. Now let me tell you some other things you saw, or might haye seen, if you were observant. = .’

These cracks and seams ran in two directions, so as to cross.each other. In some kinds of soft rocks, like sandstones and slates, they are principally level, dividing the rock into layers, or strata, with only a few upright cracks. But the harder kinds, such as granite, and the tough mica-schist which underlies New York, and whitish, shining rocks made up largely of coarse quartz crystals, have cracks all through them in all sorts of directions. - :

Some of these seams are quite large and open, and you will often notice water oozing out and trickling down to. the bottom of the quarry. Other cracks are so fine you can not slide your knife-blade into them, yet heré, too, dampness will appear. You can easily believe, therefore, my statement that water penretrates far into the center of masses of rocks, and it is the escape of this water into larger channels, which lead it to the surface, that forms springs and gradually fills with water mines, quarries and deep wells.- . .. 7

~ But what has this to do with pebbles you ask? Wait a moment and you will see. :

What is true of quarries and the rack exposed in street or railway cuttings is true of the cliffs which faee the sea or project from a mountain, since these, like the face of a quarry, are only the exposed edges of the great mass of rock elsewhere covered with earth; a mass ar hill of rock, similarly, is only the rart above ground of the mass underneath. And not only these cliffs and rock-hills, but the masses underneath, are all of fine, intersecting cracks, more or less filled with moisture. =~

Now, when winter comes, the water that has filtered into the cracks near. the surfacé will freeze solid. Youknow what_ happens when water freezes in a confined space—it bursts 'tls prison. Fill a bottle chock full of Water and leave it out over a cold winter night. or put it into an ice-cream freezer, and see how quickly the bottle will break. Just the same thing happens when the water freezes in a crevice in the rocks. It swells and pries-off every piece which can possibly be moved. One of those pieces, thus pried off, may be the beginning of a pebble. o There are various other ways, however, in which rocks split to pieces. Sometimes the dampness, working its way into the crevices, will rust the rock and eat tiny cracks into large crevices, and so turn what was once a solid cliff into a heap of loose and toppling stones ready to tumble headlong the first time a lighening stroke, or a little landslide, or something else jars the earth enough to ‘'give them a start. The action of noonday heat and midnight cold, by causing rocks to swell and shrink alternately, helps to separate them, until piece by piece the face and top of the crags fall off. One or the -other or all of these forces are at work all the time, 30 that wherever you see a cliff there you will find a slope of fallen fragments at its base. , i

If the fragments are large, they tend to break into smaller ones, and still smaller, in the same way. ' If this cliff is inland, the stones will keep their angular edges, and should you dig down hundreds of years afterward you would find their shape the same; but if the cliff is beside a stream, or fronts the waves, a very different thing happens. As fast as the pieces roll intothe river they are caught by the current and moved about with more or less violence. If the river is very rapid, they may be rolled over and over and pushed and crowded along till they find a rest-{ng-place in some nook from which the eurrent can not easily dislodge them. This knocks their corners:off—first the most prominent, then the less, and so on until there are ne more corners left. I have heard this going on in the bottom of a swiftriverin the Rocky mountains so plainly that the grinding made a muffled roar above the dashing of the waves. P S

‘l'his river came from under a glacier —whiesn is an enormous mass, a whole valley full, of slowly-moving ice. Down from the slopes of the bordering mountains, fragments of rocks were incessante ly falling and sliding on to the back of the glacier. This ice was fuil of cracks, allowing many of the stones to fall through it, while the rest worked their way under the edges. As the ponderous ice moved or, it rolled these stones

ander its awful weight, turning them over and over, crushing the softer ones to powder, and rounding the hard ones into '“cobblestones” and pebbles of various sizes and shapes. Ages ago the whole northern third of the globe was covered by glaciers, and it is believed that, all the . vast banks of gravel and rounded- stones =~ which are scate tered. over the Northern States and Canada were made in this way under the ice. In .many cases it can be told, by the peculiari--ties of the rock from which these pebbles were made, that they must have come from' a particular range of hills, and so we can discover just where a glacier lay, how long it was, etc., by examining a few cobblestones. Nowadays the sea is the greatest pebble factory. The waves are always 'hammering at- the rocks that hem its ‘margin, and are breaking them to pieces. As soon as a bit of stone tumbles into the water the surf begins to ‘roll it up and down the beach, and knock it right and left among its fellows, making each bit help knock the corners off the rest, until they are all rounded and beautifully smooth. This process ' steadily goes on. The sea is: never. tired of - its’ work, and every moment it Lkeeps the pebbles grinding -against one another auntil it has worn ‘them away to pieces ‘no larger than the head of a pin; and ' that is sand. Not all sand is made in this way, but on most beaches the grainy are as round as mustard seed, and are in fact little pebbles. ' - If I had time it would be easy to show how different sorts of rock make pebbles of different shapes; why some are so ‘beautifully banded; why some have flat ‘sides'or ends; how it is by an exact

imitation -of nature’s method that a boy’s marbles are made, and various other things; but enough has been said to show you that a pebble is well worth looking at, and thinking, if not talking, about.—Er st Ingersoll, in Christian Union. . o v NED'S ' MARKEYING. What a Boy’s Love for Flowers Cost Him S and .His Mother. : .. Ned Rodman was fonder of'flowers than of-any thing else in .the world—excepting his mother. Whenever he could get a chance to do so he’d spend hours before the flower-stands in the market, near which he lived, or in the hot-houses of the good-natured florist, with whom he had managed to strike up a friendly acquaintance, which were a few blocks further away. He was never tired of admiring the beautiful roses, praising the graceful lilies, and wondering at the wonderful orchids. And he went intg raptures over the sweet-scented violets, the pink-tipped daisies and the elfish pansies. Indeed, there was no flower too tiny or'too humble to be loved by Ned. : But this love, admirable as it was, got him into trouble one day. It was the day in early winter when his Aunt Marion, his father’s sister, had come from some. street away up among the hundreds, down town to visit his mother, and,; her visit being entirely unexpected, there was nothing in the house for a company dinner. : So, while she was taking off her bonnet and cloak, Mrs. Rodman, who, by-the-way, was as fond of flowers as her son was, took Ned aside and said to him: ‘Ned, you must go to market. Here’s fifty cents, all the money I have in the house. Take it and do the.best you can with it. You might get some nice mutton chops, some sweet potatocs, some bananas and a pumpkin pie. And don’t be any longer than you can help. It is-half past eleven now and I want to have dinner by one, sure.” “Yes, ma’am,” said Ned, and he put the fifty cents in his pocket, swung the market basket on his arm and started off. When he had gone Mrs.. Rodman and her sister-in-law| sat down to chat, and they talked until twelve o’clock. Then: Mrs. Rodman got up and busied herself setting the table, but there was a'big wrinkle on her brow which grew deeper as’ she went to the window to look: for Ned. But no Ned was in sight, Another hdalf hour passed and still no si'gns‘ of the boy, and the mother, as mothers will, began to fear that somse terrible accident had happened to him, when just as the hands of the clock pointed a -quarter of omne, a merry whistle was + heard, the door was pushed .open ‘and in rushed the truant with a flower pot in which grew a flourishing rosebush hearing three Jovely crimson roses, clasped tightly in his arms. “Look, mother,” he cried, joyfully; *isn’t it beautiful? And it only cost fifty cents. Smell the roses—"

" But here his mother interrupted him to ask: “But where is the market basket? Where is the marketing? Where is our dinner? Ned stood dumfounded for a moment. Then he said, while his face became as red as the roses he held: ‘“Oh, mother, I forgot all aboutit. The butcher wasn’t quite ready tocut the chops, so I left my basket and ran round to the florist to see if the bud on that queer new plant he’s got had opened yet, and it had, and it’s lovely, and then I saw the rose biish and the florist said it wasonly fifty cents to e but seventy-five to any one else,‘and I knew how you loved crimson roses, so I bought it and forgot all——" His mother interrupted -him again. “Take that rosebush,”she said in a stern voice, back to the florist’s. Then bring me as quickly as you can my fifty cents and the market basket. After thatyou may go to your own room and remain there till to-morrow morning.” Ned turned away without a word and Mrs. Rodman set out the boiled ham and pickles, and bread and cheese and apple jelly and home-made ginger bread upon the dining table. “I'm sorry to give you a c¢old lunch instead of a warm din-~ ner,” she said to her sister-in-law, “but you must blamé your thoughtless nephew for it.” : | But to her surprise Aunt Marion burst out laughing. *lt is one of the funniest things I ever heard of in all my life,” she said; “and as for the cold lunch its justdelightful if you'll only forgive Ned. Why, bless your heart, his love for you was at the bottom of the whole thing after all. And then, too,” she" added with .a merfy twinkle in her eyes, “you've saved your fifty cents.” - ‘And Ned coming back at that moment ‘with the longest of long faces, his ‘mother burst out laughing too, and that lunch was one of the merriest lunches that three people ever sat dows to.— ‘Détfolt Freo Press a 0 o ae by —Jagway—*l was fifif king the other ovening ‘with an old lady of 58— Miss Spinstor—+Why, you don't csll ‘that old, do_you?” Tagway—*l pre-sume-you wouldn’t.”—The Epoch: = S e e % T L e ??-“,x&}%’%fi