Ligonier Banner., Volume 16, Number 33, Ligonier, Noble County, 1 December 1881 — Page 2

® * The Zigonier Bamner, ‘ J. B. STOLL, Editor and Prop’r. ' LIGONIER, : $ s | INDIANA. NEWS SUMMARY. Important Intelligence from All Parts. ~ ‘ Domestic. | o MARY E. CONLEY, one of the sufferers by the failure of the Mechanic¢’s Bank of Newark, N. J., has sued the Directors for the full amount of her loss, $22,000, on stock and assessments, e SECRETARY FOLGER has ordered a computation to ascertain at what rate the Government ean advantageously purchase four-and-a-half and four-per-cent. bonds, instead of calling in extended three-and-a-half per cents. | L /THE Coroner’s Jury, after viewing the body of the late desperado Maxwell, who was lynehed at Durand, |Wis., returned the remarkable verdict that deceased ‘‘came to his_death by falling from the sourt-house steps and breaking his neck.’’ THE annual report of the ' Commissioner ‘of Internal Revenue shows that the internalrevenue receipts for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1881, were $135,229.912, against $123,981,916 for the preceding | year. The revenue collected in Illinois for the last fiscal year was $2,000,000 greater than the revenue collected in the previous year in the same State. Illinois stands first with respect to the amount of revenue collected, Ohio comes next and New York third. ‘1 ~ BaIL has been refused for the Malley boys, now in jail at New Haven, Conn., on the charge of having been conceh‘ned in the killing of Jennie Cramer. ' Two MEN were killed and 'four injured by a boiler explosion on a sugar plantation near New Orledns on the 24th, WHAT is said to be the largest mortgage ever recorded in the United States was filed with the Recorder of Hamilton County, Ohio, a few days ago. - It was for|slB,ooo,ooo 1 The mortgage is. to the Mercantile Trust

Company of New York. and is by the Baltimore, Cincinnati & Western Railroad Company. " : A KILLING frost occurred in Louisiana on the morning.of the 25th, extending nearly &ll over the State. Ice formed on standing

water in New Orleans, - l THE National Board of Health have made arrangements with the Health authorities of other Nations to prevent the spread of _ Asiatic cholera and the. dreadful plague of “black death,” both of which diseases are raging in Europe and Asia. , Flve men were killed and three badly injured by the premature explosion of & rockblast near Greenwich, Conn., on the 24th. MoORE than 1,000 horses were reported to be suffering from ‘pink-eye’’ at Pittsburgh, Pa., on the 2ith. Several animals ~had died. Business was suffering in consequence of the prevalence of the disease, for. which no adequate remedy had been yet discovered. | DURING the week ended on the 26th 394,997 standard silver dollars were put into circulation, against 490.997 during the corresponding period in 1880. L A DECISION. has 'recently been rendered by Judge Drummond, of the United States Circuit - Court. at Chicago, in the great canned-meat patent suits. The plaintiffs were the Wilson Packing Company ahd Libby, McNeill & Libby, both Chicago firms, and the defendants were the Chicago; Packing Company and the St. Louis Beel{ Canning‘ézmpany. The court décid_,ed that the patents were void, for want of novelty, and gaye the verdict to the defendants., . HENRY A. PINGREE, an employe of the

Leyland Steamship Company of Boston, Mass. , has recovered $7,000 damages for the -~ loss of two fingers of his right hand by a .defective steam-winch. e IN a suit at Grreenwich, Conn., against the ‘New York & New England | Railroad, brought by a passenger who W)&S ejected ~ {romn a train and arrested for evading the payment of fare, the court has recently decided that a limited ticket is worthless except for the trip specified on its face, THE Director of the Mint repoits the gold coinage of the year at $78,783,864. .Since the remonetization of silver theé koinage of standard pieces has been $100,672,705, of -which amount $34,026 327 are in eirculation. A FEW days ago a train on the New Jersey Central Road ran through Paterson at the rate of forty miles an hour. After going thirty miles the engineer discovered the . body of a woman, alive but uncqnscious, on the wooden platform above the cbw-qatcher When rescued she could only remember being struck by the locomotive. She was not seriously injured. e :

Personal and ‘Politicm.

THE official returns of the Wisconsin election, which were nearly all recéived on the 22d, show that General Rusk’s plurality will be about 12,000. v \

. A COMMITTEE from the National Grange recently called upon the Commissioner of . Agriculture to urge the elevation 0f his De- - partment to a higher rank. . They protested, in the name of the Grange, against including in the Department other than | agricultural industries.. . Dr. Loring, in reply, said he had urged the creation of Bureaus of Manufacturers and Mines in annection with his Department, and thought/the Commissioner should be a Cabinet officer.

IT is said the friends ot Mrs. Lincoln, the widow of the late President Lincoln, indignantly deuy a recent report that that lady is suffering from want or neglect. On the contrary, she is well proviaed for. Until about a year ago her annual ineome was $B,lOO. Owing tothe conversion of six-per-cent. bonds into three-and-a-half per cents. her income has been reduced to $5,000. She cannot comprehend the cause of the change, and seems to think that she is wronged. The facts are said to be that, although she is not in very good health, she is mpot in bad health, and that, far from being neglected, she is tenderly cared for by her friends. THE recent election in the First Rhode Island District for member: of Congress to succeed Aldrich, elected United States Senator, resulted in the choice of Henry J. Spooner, the Republican eandidate, who eeotved 3,617 votes, against 1,116 for Sisson, the Demogcratic eandidate, = i

WILLIAM JONES, charged with having attempted to kill Guiteau, was imdicted by a “Washington Grand Jury on the 23d. It wus believed that no jury could be found in "Washington to eonvict him. Papular sym‘pathy was said to be entirely with him, and several hundred dollars had beensubscribed for his defense. . j THE Mayors of all the cities in the country have been invited to become the guests of the Atlanta Cotton Exposition on the 9th of December. A

DRr. LAMB, Acting Assistant Surgeon, who performed the autopsy upon the body of the late President Garfield, absolutely "denies that the examination was made carelessly, or that the bullet was found accidentally.

Trial of Guiteau, the Assassin.

~ The attendance at the Criminal Court on the 23d was less than usual. Guiteau, while taking -breakfast in the prisoners’ room, expressed his dissatisfaction that Jones, the man who shot at him, had peen admitted to bail. When the Court opened Mr. Scoville made a formal request for the papers taken from Guiteau at the time of his arrest. The District-Attorney otfered to furnish copies, but Mr. Scoville insisted upon the originals. Pending the discussion, Guiteau said: ‘At the time of my arrest I had fort{y or fifty editorial slips showing the political situation in May and June last. These slips show the action and one of the forces that impelled me on ;to the President. They are very important as showing the gist of the ' whole matter. It was through living on such ideas as these that I was finally impelled to fire on the President with my inspiration.” Colonel Corkhill said if it would enable the defense to get through that day he would send for them at once. During a temporary lull in the proceedings Guiteau said that gx the preceding day he had said that he had dropped the **Julius” from his name because the word was too suggestive of the negro race. This Erejudice was ‘begotten twenty years ago, ut he meant no disresf)ect to any person or any race—particularly not to the colered race, for they were more highly. thought of than the white race, nowadays.” Mr. Scoville continued reading Guiteau’s letters, during which the prisoner constantly interjected his explanations and comments. Mr. Scoville alluded to Guiteau's ‘career as a palitician, and drew the conclusion that he was deficient in intellect. This conclugion Guiteau protested against. When Scoville referred to his running around trom one committee to another Seeking to be employed as a campaign speaker, Guiteau shouted angrily: ‘it wasn't because I had no abiiity, but I was not known. I had ideas, but notreputation.” Referring to Guiteau’s speech, entitled “Garfield vs. Hancock,” Mr. Scoville said it 'was a mere jumble collated trom speeches of others and newspapers; and. no one buta crazy man would have imag-inegl‘ that it was a speech of merit. Guiteau said he objected to Scoville’s theory, and declared that he was trying to make him out afool. He continued: “I say the Deity inspired my act and He will take care of it.”” The Court commanded the prisoner to keep quiet, and Guiteau subsided, and Mr. Scoville concluded his opening without further interruption. Atthe request of the District-Attorney the witness-" es for the derense, with the exception of Mrs. Scoville, were excluded from the court-room. Rev, H. N. Burton testified that in 1877 bhe had listened to Guiteau’s lecture on the second coming of Christ. Did not think Guiteau at that time was sufficiently insane to be irresponsible—probably less deranged than badly arranged. H. H. Davis testified that Mrs. Maynard. Guiteau’s aunt, was crazy, Although wealthy she had a ¢onstant dread of the Poor-House. Her daughter was an imbecile. Mr. Wilcox testified that Guiteau’s father was peculiar. . Witness knew nothing of the prisoner. Dr. John A. Rice had in 1876 decided that the prisoner was insane. Had treated the elder Guiteau auring his last illness. F. L. Union testified to renting a hall to the prisoner. His bills proclaimed: *Do not not fail to hear the Hon. Charles J. Guiteau. the Little Giant of the West.. He will show that two-thirds of the race are going down to perdition.” He spoke a half an hour to a small audience, and then left. The peofile who heard him thought he was crazg. ext day Guiteau came back and wanted fo hire the hall again. He said he was not crazy but inspired. He also said, in a seripus manner, that he bélonced to the firmm of Jesus Christ & Co. Mary S. Lockwood testified that Guiteau had bouarded with her. He left because he did not pay his board. Guiteau protested that the testimony was irrelevant. Norwood Damon said he had attended the lec¢ture In. Boston referred to by a preceding witness. and thought the lecturer insane. George W. 01ds testified how Guiteau soaped hickory trees, insisting that they were fruit-trees, and how, when weeding, be pulled up. more strawberries and turnips than weeds. ‘Here Guiteau told how he had spent several months trying to purchase the Chicago Inter Ocean. The witness being asked as to Guiteau’s troubles with Mrs. Scoville, Guiteau protested against the insinuation, and said he had 'had no trouble whatever with her. Adjourned until the 25th.

Immediately on the opening of the Criminal Court on the 2ith Guiteau read from manuscript a rambling statement to the Court and Jury regarding his inspiration to remove the President.. He said he never would have attempted to kill Mr. Garfield of his own volition, notwithstanding that he was substantiolly urged thereto by the Stalwart press. He was commissioned by the Deity to do the deed, even'as Abraham had been commanded tosacritice hisson. Mr. Scoville reiterated his demand for the production of documents taken from Guiteau at the time of his arrest. During ‘the coiloquy following the demand Guitean shouted: * I understand that my divorced wife is to. be brought here as a witness against me. If that’'s so there will be trouble. She was a poor, unfortunate thing, and lnever should have married her. But if she comes in here to testity against me and do me any harm, I'll rip up her whole record.” He charged her with immoral conduct. before his marriage to her. Joseph B. Smith testified to his acquaintance with the Guiteau family and E. O. ¥ooss to the incidents attending the shooting. Charles H. Reed told how he tried a criminal cause n Chicago with Guiteau, and that he considered him an earnest and sincere. but unbalanced. man. Witness had told uuiteau that he had no show for the

Paris Consulate, and when he suggested a clerkship or some mincr position, and offered to belp him get'it, Guiteau became indignant. Witness had visited Guiteau in jail a few days since and asked him why he killed the President. He replied: *I didn’t do it; the Lord did it. I was only the Lord’s instrument in removing the President.”” Mr. Reed further said he had no doubt that Guiteau was of unsound wmind. During Mr. Reed's cross-examination Guiteau constantly interjected his contradictions and explanations, until the Court lost ali patience and thresatenied to have him gagrged unless he kept quiet. After recess Mr. Scoville applied to the Court for an attachment . against K. A. Storrs, of Chicago, who had been served with a subpPeena, but who refused abzolutely to be present. The application wasgranted. H.B. Awmerling testified as to the peculiarities of Guiteau’s father. Thomas North, a Chicago lawyer, also swore as to Luther W. Guiteau's peculigrities, and said the prisoner was an exaggerated fac-simile of his father—a chip of the old block. The witness described his, manner of saying grace before’ eating, It was: **l confess Christ in me with a thankTul heart for this foad,” or *“l'hank Christ for this dinner,” ete. Lutl}er_ Guiteau was a firm believer in the tenéts of the Oneida Community and desired his family to join them, but the swite refused. The prisoner's predominant quality was his egotism. Abraham Guiteau. Luther’s brother, was a weak man, so weak that it was not safe to trust him to do business. After giving his views on the Community question, the witness subsided and the Court adjourned. :

Upon the opening of the Criminal Court on the 26th Mr. Scoville read a telegram from Emory A. Storrs, of Chicago, stating that he could not ‘possibly visit Washington because ‘of his professional engagements, and said that under the circumstances he would not insist upon an attachment for him. Thomas North resumed his recital of the peculiarities of Luther W. Guiteau and the prisoner. During a momentary lull in the proceedings, after the witness left the stand. Guiteau improved the Q]Hmrtrunity to give ‘his views concerning Rev. H. W. Beecher, saying that his (Beecher's) opinion of the speaker and Judge Cox ' wasiof little consequence, a 8 he (Beecher) was badly “cranked’ socially. He said he had no doubt that Mrs. Tilton fold the truth, and he <had told him so publicly: General Logan testified to having had several interviews with Guiteau xm% to -his beliet that there was a:.mental derangement in- his case. He had ‘told Mrs. Lockwood that he believed he was crazy, and that he was not a -suitable boarder for her. E. E. Smith, emsployed in the roows of the National Republican Committee, thought Guiteau peculidar and fiighty. John A. Morse, colored. an attorney-at-law, saw Guiteau at the White House during March and April, and thought him a crazy ‘man. Mrs, Scoville gave a biographical sketch of Guiteau’s life, reférring to his school ext ren_ence, his inoculation with the doctrines of he Communit{y. and his attack upon her with an ax. The direct examination of Mrs. Scoville was in progress when the -Court adjourned. : ; -Forelgn, TeE Russian Minister of Finance has refused the request of thic Minister of War that employment be fowd for army officers thrown out by the reduction of the forces, in -order to keep them from joining the Nihilists. , Sh i AT s stated in a Washington dispatch that, in response to Secretary Blaine’s in« structions to Minister Hurlbut. to recognize Calderon as President of Peru, the latter was seized by the Chilians and. transported

to Santiago. It was believed likely that an American protectorate to Peru would be proposed, to protect the immense claims and inyestments by our citizens. | ‘FIFTEEN members of the seniorclass at the Toronto University have been arraigned for ducking four freshmen in the river on a recent cold night, and gagging others for refusing to sing a certain song at a eollege concert.

AMERICAN artists have been invited to submit designs for a monument to Alexander IL, to be erected in the inclosure of the Kremlin, Moscow. G

+ AN investigation into the affairs of the Tax-office at Philadelphia is alleged to have revealed wholesale robbery of the State and City Treasuries. o THE London police believe that the Hat?on Garden post-office was robbed by Americans. : 5

GAMBETTA has announcod his Tunisian policy to be loyal observation of the treaty with the Bey. i THE lawyers of the Baroness BurdettCoutts having decided that by marrying Bartlett she forfeited her interest in the Coutts Bank, she has decided to resign her interest theréimn to those who claim it under the will of the Duchess of St. Albans. It is stated that she will, during her life, receive an annual allowance by reason of her complaisance. * ; : foa

BY the foundering of the steamer Albion, in Central American watersrecently, thirtytwo persons perished. Seventeen persons were drowned by, the wrecking of the ship Culcean, on the British coast. The French ship France foundered in West India waters recently, and four persons are missing, the Captain and eight men having been rescued. { ;

KEIFER’S tannery at Allegheny City, Pa., ‘was burned on the morning of the 25th. Loss, $125,000. v .

IN the recent pigeon-shooting match near London between Carver, the American marksman, and Eden, a mempber of the principal clubs, for £lOO a side, Eden stood at twenty-eight yards rise, and Carver at thirty. Carver won the match by five birds, killing thirty-five .out of fifty. : THE Land Commissioners of Ireland have called the attention. of the laborers to the fact that they can and. will redress the evils they suffer from the farmers, such as incommodious dwellings, ete. ' :

THE London Z%mes of the 24th says a e¢ongiderable section of the people of Ireland had decided to pay no rents, and the plan of dealing county by county with the recalcitrant tenants had been adopted. A LATE Berlin dispatch says the Emperor William’s health continued precarious, and he was able to transact only such business as was absolutely necessary. He was unable toleave his room. At night he suffered from severe abdominal pains. THE cholera has made its appearance ‘at Alexandria, Egypt. It has also appeared in Burum, Kakallah and Chehr, having been probably disseminated by returning Mecca pilgrims. e _ : : A HEAVY gale prevailed. in the British Isles on the 26th and 27th, which did great damage to coast property and shipping. At Folkstone, Kent, the new pier was washed away. . ; e

THE Committee of Confederate bondhold=ers of London disclaims all idea of litigation to recover assets in ‘Europe, but announces its intention to appeal steadily for a modification of the Fourteenth Amendment, to permit the Southern States to effect a *just and equitable settlement of their debts legally contracted.” : THE Government of Roumania has extended for a year its prohibition of the importation of pork from the United States. IT was stated in Paris on the 26th that the French Government had decided to withdraw the decree prohibiting theé importation of American pork. , IN St. Petersburg on the 26th, under pretense of having urgent State business; a Polish lad wasadmitted to the presence of General Tcherevine, at whom he instantly fired a revolver, the ball passing between the General’s arm -and side. |

LATER NEWS.

‘THERE was an immense crowd of spectators in attendance upon the Guiteau trial on the 28th. Mrs. Scoville testified that three years ago she was convinced that her brother should be placed in a lunatic asylum. The sensational feature of the day was a declaration by John 'W. Guiteau that, until recently, he had believed his brother to be responsible, but not sane. Witness also testified to .the insanity or partial insanity of some of his. relatives. Some Chi-. cago parties were examined to prove that the assassin was *“ peculiar.” The prisoner interrupted frequently, as usual. A WASHINGTON dispatch of the Bth says Judge Cox was daily recerving Jetters, most of them anonymous and some inclosing newspaper clippings, reflectingon his conduct of the Guiteau -case, ‘and protesting against the disgrace inflicted on the American people by the scenes which he tolerated in his court-room. - . :

THE alarm in regard to smail-pox in many sections of the country has caused Assistant " Postmaster-General Hatton to Jssue an order that majl matterliable to communicate contagious diseases may be refused by any posimaster.: bk IN a recent debate in the Reichstag, Bismarck declared that by every justifiable means he would endeavor to consolidate the Empire. He expressed astonishment that Germany 'was still backward in aspirations for unity.' - 6 _ S - THE Bank of Prince Edward Island has closed its doors, through unwarranted advances made by its cashier,’ J. B. Brecher, who had fled to the United States. It is said that aecounts had been overdrawn to the extent of $650,000.

IT has been ascertained that $1,500,000 will be necessary to enable the Pacific Bank of Boston to resume business, and the capital stock of $1,000,000 must be sacrificed. - - LEFROY, the murderer of Mr. Gold on the Brighton (England) Railroad, has confessed his crime, and added to it the fact that he also assassinated Lieutenant Roper, at Chatham, some time ago. ; ; - THE man who recently attempted the life of General Tcherevine, at St. Petersburg, was named Grodno, and was twenty-eight years old. He states that he had meditated suiciGe because of losing his means by dissipation, when he was easily induced by a comrade to attempt assassination. .

DURING the gale in England on the 27th fifty barges were sunk in the River Thames and many persons were injured. Several lost their lives. e :

A PARTY of armed men recently entered the heuse of a woman named Henane, near Listowel, County Xerry, Ireland, for the purpose,of shooting her because. she 'had iven information to the police, Her chilvgren threw themselves upon their mother in terror and one of them received a charge of shot in the legs, The Earty left, the house, after making the mother swear, under threats of death, not to divulge the occurrence. Six persons have been arrested on suspicion of geing concerned jin the oute rage, g

REPORT OF POSTMASTER-GENER-St e AR -FANES, G 4 ' WASHINGTON, November 21 The following are some of the leading features of ‘- Postmaster-General James’ report: i The total expenditures during the fiscal year ended June 30, last, were $39,251,735--46; total revenues, $36,785,397.97. Excess of expenditures, $2,466,333.49; other deficits, on account of “bad debts’’ and “‘compromise’” accounts, sl4,79o.B6—making: the tota! excess of expenditures, $2,481,129.35. The number of postage-stamps, postalcards, stamped envelopes, ete,, issued during the year was 1,504,311,542, amounting in value to $34,625,435.91, against a total value during the previous fiscal year of $32,087,342.46. :

The total amount of postage collected during the year on newspapers and periodicals mailed to regular subscribérs from known offices of publication and from news agencies, [at two cents per pound, was $1,399,048--64, an increase of $172,596.06, or a little over 14 pér cent, - The weight of second-class matter mailed was 69,952,432 pounds, or 34,976 tons.. The number of postoffices at which the matter -was mailed was 4,821, an increase of 398 over the number for the previous year. Z DEAD LETTERS. : ' By careful reckoning based upon an actual count made in every post-office in the United States duriug the first week in December, 1880, it has been ascertained that the whole number of letters mailed in this country in the last fiscal year was 1,046,107,348, The number reaching the DeadLetter Office during the same period was 8,323,621, or one in every 315. The total number of letters and of packages that were jof sufficient value to be recorded and filed, received during the year ended June 30, 1881, was 3,674, 205, an increase of 354, - 623 over the number received during the preceding year. . For convenience of treatment they were classified as follows: Un-. claimed domestie letters 2,791,050; held for postage, 279,244; misdirected, 242,536 (not including 31,184 foreign letters with imperfect or erroneous addresses); without any superscription whatever (the majority of them bearing stamps to pay postage), 9,473; letters addressed to foreign countries, and containing articles (coin, jewelry, etc.) ‘whichi are forbidden to be sent in the international mails, 1,292; letters of foreign origin, 284,127 (of which 31,184 were sent to the Dead-Letter Oftice on account of erroneousior imperfect addresses) ; foreign parcels (unopened), 13,866; and domestic packages, 52,591. X

- Of the letters and packages opened, 18, - 617 were found to contain money amounting to $40,687.80; 22,012 contained drafts, money orders, checks, notes, etc., the aggregate face value of which was $1,899,062.51; 87,978 contained receipts, pkid notes and canceled obligations of all sorts; 83,731 contained photographs; 61,556 contained small remittances of postage-stamps; and in 75,213 there were found valuable articles of third and fourth class matter in endless variety. The amount of money separated from dead letters for which no claimant could be found was §6,584.40, which was deposited in the Treasury. The amount of postage -collected upon short-paid matter forwanded to destination, and upon unclaimed packages of third and fourth class matten returned to owners, was $3,109.34. The records of the Department show that 8,338,918 registered letters and packages were mailed in this country during the year. Of this number only 2,614 reached the Dead-Letter Office; and of these 2,131 were finally delivered to the owners, the balance being placed on file awaiting identification by the parties interested.-

THE POSTAL MONEY-ORDER SYSTEM.

The operations of the money-order system are multiplying yearly under the impuise of prosperous trade and the influence of immigration, with the rapid development of the newer States and Territories, and the demand for additional means of intercommunication and exchange. :At the commencement of the last fiseal year the total.number of post-offices authorized to issue and to pay domestic money-orders was 4,829, During the year 341 additional money-order offices were éstablished, and seven were discontinued, leaving 5,163 in operation on the 30th day of June, 1881. Since then 338 new offices have been established, making the whole number of money-order offices in operation at date of this report 5,499. The number of domestic money-orders issued during the year was 7,663,282, of the aggregate value of $105,075,769.35; number of orders paid, 7.627,710, amounting in value to $104,219,871.65; to which must be added the amount of orders repaid to remitters $704,989.96, making a total of $104,924,853.61; the excess of issues over payments was $150,915.74; the total amount of fees paid by the public to postmasters for the issue of domestic orders was $966,732. 75. Seventy-seven cases of alleged lost remittances, of surplus money-order funds amounting to $19,753 were under investigation during the year, and claims were filed in thirty-six cases on account of alleged improper payment of money orders. The amount of all these claims was $767,07. Their number, compared with the total number of payments made during the year is as one to $211,881.

Ninety-nine cases of alleged improperly paid moaney orders, amounting to $2,153.49, were investigated during the year. In thir-ty-thrée instances the amounts, the total of which was $477.75, were recovered by postoffice iaspectors and paid over to the rightful owners; in seven cases, in which the orders: altogether amounted to $84.15, the paying postmasters were, after due investigation, held responsible for the erroneous paymeénts; in four, where erroneous paymant was directly attributable to carélessness on the part of remitteérs, payees, or indorsees, they were required to sustain the loss, $124; in nine, the loss, $268.88 altogether; was assumed by the Department, the paying postmaster having been found not at fault: and in eleven it was ascertained that the orders, amounting to $236.52, had been originally paid to the proper persons. Thirty-five clairas, involving the payment of $962.19, were pendingat the close of the year. The amount of unclaimed money. orders, domestic and foreign, at the close of the fiscal year is estimated by the Auditor as - §1,250,000.. ¢‘There is no provision of law - under which this unclaimed money can be | dispds’ed of. It would seem to be expedi-. ent that a portion of it should be.turned over to the Treasury for the service of the Post-office Department. The Superintendent of the money-order system suggests that it would be well to retain in the hands of the Assistant Treasurer for the operations of the service a sum equal to the amount of all unpaid money-orders during a pperiod of five years next preceding the . =6sm’eneemem of each fiscal year. 1t raré® Ay bappens that a money-order more than

five years® old is presented for payment. It -deemed expedient, in the interest of payees' of money-orders, a longer period, for example seven or ten years, might be fixed by Congress, during which the amount of any money order would be payable to the own« ‘er thereof, and beyond which the amount of all orders unpaid would accrue to the United States. - : ; Vs

. “¢ Although the money-order fulfills every reasonable expectation of remitterand payee where the amount sent is considerable, a strong and growing demand has arisen since the withdrawal of fractional currency from circulation for some’ device by which amounts under five dollars could be transmitted by mail at less cost than at present. I desire to call special attention to the plan proposed by the Superintendent for the transmission of sums less than five dollars by means of an order of a new form, to be termed ¢ postal-order,”’ in which the written application and the advice, which is the chief element of expense as well as of security, are to be dispensed with, so that these orders may be issued more expedi: tiously and at ‘cheaper rates than moneyorders.”’ & THE STAR-ROUTE SERVICE, ETC.

. The Postmaster-General is of the opinion that ‘‘ the country has reached that stage in the progress of its material development where an effort ought to be made to bring the credit and debit sides of the Department’s balance sheet nearer together. All or nearly all the long and expensive Star~ routes have been: superseded by railroad service. The cost of the Star-service ought, therefore, to rapidly decrease in the Western States and Territories. A careful and impartial examination of the Star-service made during the past summer- satisfied the Department that large reductions could be made without eausing any inconvenience to the sections of country supplied thereby.” ‘¢ A’ minute investigation into. alleged abuses in the Star-route service w as instituted by direction of the late President, and is still being prosecuted. The Postoffice Department has co-operated, and wilk continue to co-operate, with the Department of Justice in this investigation. No one who has not been directly concerned in the matter can fully appreciate the magnitude of the undertaking, the mass.of record evidence examined,.the difficulties of a personal investigation in sparsely-settled territories, and the results attained by the patient and intelligent labors of the Inspectors of this Department. There can be no doubt, from the facts already ascertained, thht the existing statutes leave the way open to great abuses, and that there is abundant ground for asking a judicial investigation of the transactions of the lust few years. ;

*‘ The one serious difficulty in the way of bringing back the Department to a self-~ sustaining basis is the constantly-increasing’ cost of the railway mail service. This increase during the past fiscal year was $487,446. Iregret to say that there is a deficiency of $478,155 for this branch of the service for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1881, which must be provided for, and also that there must be an increased appropriation for the same service of $1,097,319 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882. The estimate for'the fiscal year endicg June 30, 1883, for the railway service is| $10,655,000. There has recently been an unprecedented growth ot railroads, and this accounts largely for the enormous increase of the cost of ithe railway service.’’ g B el o

~ The actual payment for the railway-mail service during the year was $11,411,120.90. The cost for the current fiscal year will be $12,006,601, and the estimates for 1883 ara $13,181,601. The enormous growth of railroads in 188) and 1881, and their anticipated increase of mileage in the near future, will account for a great portion'of the augmented cost for the service. = - - -

.. There were 461 arrests made during the vear for violation of the Postal lawg. Of this number 424 cases were prosecuted in the United States Courts, and thirty-seven in the courts of the several States in which the arrests were made. Of the former, 188 persons were convicted, twenfby-six were acquitted, three escaped, five forfeited bail, twenty-four proceedings were dismissed one was killed while resisting arrest, ana 177 await trial; thirty hichwavmen were arrested and prosecuted in United States Courts. : THE _CIViL-SERVICE._ QUESTION +

¢ Careful observation in this Department and elsewhere has but confirmed my ‘conviction of the great public benefit to be derived from conducting the public business on business principles. Sonie method of relief must be provided from the overwhelining pressure for appointment to clerkships -and other subordinate positions, and from the equal pressure for (he removal of eapable and experienced assistants to make room for those who are not moare competent. The public service is a public trust to'which every citizen may properly .aspire, and the public interest plainly demandsthat I admission to it should not depend upon personal favor, because such favor can not well be impartial, and because a system of | appointment by mere influence may be readily perverted to the promotion of private interests and personal ambition: Appointment by influence naturally results in making the tenure of office depend, not upon fidelify and efliciency in the discharge of official duty, but upon the assiduous cultivation of the favor of a patron. Such a tenure is incompatible with the selfrespect of the incumbent, and the service must necessarily suffer from the decline of its morale. But the eyil'consequences cannot be limited to the publicservice; they affect all politicalaction, the purity and vigor of the Government, and the National character itself. The question,therefore, is one of far higher importance than that of the comparative fitness of clerks in the employment of the Government, and really concerns the character and success of republican institutions. ok “ The first step, in my judgment, toward the rehief of the appointing officers and the promotion of the greaterefliciency and econ- | omy of the civil service would. be a 8 method of minor appointment, which should be independent of personal or partisan influence. In some important Government offices of which I havehad personal knowledge, such a-system is already in operation. In those ofiices minor appointments are deter--mined solely by proper qualifications, aseertained by impartial tests open to all ap. plicants upon equal terms. The great suc- | tess which has attended this method of selection proves its s)racticabflity. while the good results, both in the service and in the character of the officers thus selected, demonstrates its value, 'The extension of this method under uniform conditions is earnestly to be desired, both to correct familiar evils in the IY‘ub_lic service itself and toremove the still graver evils which spring from them. £ : ' ¢ In my o!finion, the same general Srim ciples should govern the selection and retention of emgloyes in this Department. The public i 8 best served by honest, experi\ences and comgetent officers, and changes, therefore, should be made carefully anfi only for reasons. affecting official conduct. My views upon this subject are the result of prolonged official expesience, and I am per= susded that the practieal application of these F_rincip'les would promote publie mor‘ality, increase the economy and efticiency -of the public service, find;qsgug%‘ the fury of party spirit, against which W a.sl\ington, Warnaév the country as its'chief peril.” —A 'young man ’_Eie@f‘m New York the _other day from pywmia, caused by de: | cayed teeth. = o it B Ebd i o 8y e f’-‘i\»'f:? ey

\ .INDIANA STATE NEWS. - . Graveyard Insurapce., .= A few days ago Hon. E. 11. Wolfe, Audi‘tor of State, addressed a letter to AttorneyGeneral Baldwin, calling his attention to . the work of the so-called ‘*graveyard insurance companies’” and the rapid rate at which they are ' increasing in uumbers, at the same time asking for an opinion as to the legality of these *‘companies’’ and the liability of their agents. The reply- of the Attorney-General is as follows: ° - ... Hon. E. H, Wolfe, Auditor of State:. - = My attention has been recently calied to various and extensive frands that are being perpetrated upon the citizens. and bona fide insurance companies, and the laws of Indiana, by. various. associations, organized without this State, that assume to do within this State - what is equivalent insurance business. . - These associations style themselves Mutual Protective Aid Asgociations, Relief SocCieties, Mutual Benetit Companies, etc;, etc. The g:figple call them ‘‘Grave-yard companies.”” 'l'o avoid the ‘taxes and regulations imposed by statute upon bona fide home or foreign insurance companies, a dozea or more men associate together without this State, and, without paying any attention to our insurance laws, send agents to Indiana and assume to do what they call a mutual assessment business, the principal features of which are that if the insured dies (and often the insured is some very aged person, not a meinber of the assoeiation and in whose life the insurer has no insurable interest whatever) the members pay so much ‘ Yer head into the home oftice. to inake up the 08s. S . Yees are always colleeted from -the insured upon isswing him his policy or initiating him a member. Uf course, such a method. is a premium upon death, and the losgultimarcely falls upon the insured that lives the longest. ‘1 am ot‘the opinion that this business isin'etfect insurance, und- these organizations insurance companies,. " - - e S e e We -have three statutes upon this subject, one the act of 1852 entitled **An act touching foreign corporations,” the two acts regulating foreign insurance companies enacted in 1865 and 1377, and one géneral insurance statute. | - These foreign companies or asgociations who ‘are engaged in the assessment business whoily disregard these laws. They take out ng license from the Auditor of State, make no d_'epgsit’or report of assets to respond to losses, and their ultimate failure is 4s ¢ertain as the failure of any business tounded upon an unsound principle can be. As 'to such companies.'or associations, our statute ,regulatiu% ‘foreign insurance companies, approved December 21, 1865, i 8 very severe. It ‘says: ‘* Any Fersons violating the provisions ot this act shall, upon conviction theréof in any court of competent Jjurisdiction, be- fined in any sum not exceeding one thousand dollars, or imprisonéd in the county jail not more than thirty days, or both, in the discretion of the court. Violations of the provisions.of this act niay be prosecuted by iut‘orm%tiou filed by the Prosecuting Attor.ney, or indictment by the Grand-Jury:” This statute covers.and includes all the agents and ~ solicitors that are engag’e?in this -business on behalf of these extra-State organizavions. . L also’call your attention to .the following clause of our Tax law of] 1881, section 8:;;{ ‘ Every insurance companfigxot organized un der the laws of this. State and doing busines® therein, shall in the months of January and Julyof each year report to the Auditor of State, under oath of the President'and Secretary, the gross amount of all. receipts received in the State of Indiana, on account of insurance premiums for the six months last preceding, ending on the last day of December ~and June Of each. year next preceding, and shall at the time of making such report pay into the Treasury of the State the sum of $3 ‘on every $lOO of "such receipts, less 10sses actually paid-within the State; and any such insurance company failing or refusing, for more than thirty days, to render an accurate ac- . count of its premium receipts as above pro-vided;-and pay the req‘uiged tax thereon, shall forfeit §lOO for each additional day such re‘port and payment shall be delayed, to be re_covered in an action in the name of the State of Indiana, on' the relation of the Auditor of State, in any court of competent jurisdiction; and it shall be the duty of the Auditor of State to revoke all authority of any such defaulting - company to do business within this State.'’ . Justice to those foreign insurance com-= panies that do a legitimate business, and who comply with our laws, and pay the State from $50,000 to $75,000 per year, as well as justice to our citizens, require you to . rigidly enforce this statute. *Manoy of theforeign assessmient companies are liable already to $lO,OOO in penalties for disregarding ' this statute, ana the | gubility is increasing at the rate of sluo per Another form of fraud upon our insurance laws is for an -insurance company orgal'ziuf‘d in another State to send their agents and: golicitors here, or through a resident' agent or solicitor, and withput taking: out. any. certiticate of authority. from your office to act in Indiana or complying with our laws, take pre-, miums and delivér policies written up in such foreign States. : : ; ] - The assured knows nothing whatever of: this agent or solicitor's lack ot authority, and seldom inquires, for thig class of insurance is usually effected among farmers and in the smaller. towns,- distant - from the County - Clerk’s office : where ‘such authority is required to be tiled, and when a loss occurs the poliey-holder find that he must go to a foreign ‘Ntate to collect his insurance, and that the cOost amounts to as much as the insurance.

We have a criminal statute that covers the above c¢ase. An agent or solicitor who does this kind of business violates the provisions of the sct of 1865 above eited. = b

The insured always knows who was the agent of solicitor. that effected the insurance, and a few fines'or opportunities tor the leisure of a county jail would teach suc¢h unauthorized agents or solicitors a most healthy lesson, . D. P. BALDWIN, Attorney-General.

‘lndiana Productions. The coming report of the Indiana Bureau of Statistics will show the following items for 1881: » U - Acres of clover in the.5tate.......... - 802,044 Acres of caster Deans, ... .u.vevee onen 317 Acres of<cranberties ..il i s o 90T Acres of strawberries. ... .ooosean. cins 1,261 Acres of anions. ... 0 o e P 8 Pounds of butter produced for year. 23,604,446 Gallons of Milk. ... 2 i eugesosis.. 120,845,663 DOZENS Of OZES. .oovivsensiesssaniesnes 115050,641 NUmber-of QOZS: . 5. osssvsitainnnin e BETOS Btands of bees. ... . Lindsi i e BTOTI9 Pounds:of BONEY. ... 5l o nvoimiiinis it 890,140 Cubic teet limestone quarried....... 2,044,979 Cubic feet sandstone quarried..: ... = 815,499 Bushels cement manufactured..i.. . 144,599 Tons.coal mined ... & Syseiiis I o 2,204,481 Volumes in private libearies.....J&. 927,664 Nuniber Of pianos.. ..t fuieeesifeis - 9,709 Number Of Organs. ... .teates sosafrone 18,128 Sewing - MACKINES. .. .v.ie ist eeadipes - 182,144 Numerous inquiries have been made -of late in rezard. to the laws of the State relating to the way in which doors to public buildings should open, and Superintendent Bloss recently addressed a letterto C. H. King, of ‘Wells County, in' .which he expressed the opinion that dccording to the - statutes, all doors on all buildings, whether - one story or.more in height, should swing outward. - When they are not constructed 80 a 8 t.‘o;‘qqmply, with the law a penalty is prescribed ‘o&,".u:;fin,‘erjog;nbtglfisj-than $lO nor more “than 1,000, to which ' may be added imprisonment. -- .- f,,gw 3 a The Indidnapolis grain' qiiotations, are:’ Wheat—No, 2 Red; §1,33@1L33}{. = Corn— No. 2, 8@606, Oata3@isc. The Ciacinnati quotations are: Wheat—No. 2 Red, SL3’I@LB3 ~Corn—No,.2; ' 68@68}gc. Oats —No. 2, 46¥@d%c. ,Bye-—lzb 22 $1.04@ 1.04}¢. “Barley—Extra Fall, [email protected]. ooyt il sy g ot R e g - Charles A. Wilder, ‘agent at Indianapolis - of the Thames L&fi%mfi “Trust Company, «of Connécticut, :f“w_#"g;'f,eéfibfi.tfig_‘ other aft.ernoon, charged with embézzling $3,000 of she .compan'y}?sjmn‘dq!ifi; g ou The State Board ot Bdyeatioh has recent1y adopted an order admitting graduates of the Brookville, . Carthage, Kingstown, Miteliell, Peru, Union, City, Darlington, ‘Wiichester and Worthington schiools into the State University without examination, . in addition to the schools already commis- ‘ gioh,ed. _An_examination for _,:'S_tg%e;, license. ‘was ordered to be held thun% 1882, at. Albany and Indisnapolis, and Dr. William. L. Harris, of Concord, Mass., Prof. W. H. Payne, ot the _Mi-chim‘h tate University, and Prof. H, I Tarbell, ot Indisnapolis, wefexppotuMaßoarg f Visitors under- - the new law to_inspect the State Normal School at Terrs Haute. .[ > .. = -