Ligonier Banner., Volume 15, Number 24, Ligonier, Noble County, 30 September 1880 — Page 3

\1..2 R 4 L 1 The Ligonier Danney ;v. g L ’ J =7 ' . : J. B. STOLL, Editor and Prop’r. - JIGONIER, : : : ITHEDISNS, w GOVERNOR HORATIO SEYMOUR. -The Venerable Statesman’s Warning ~ Against. the Perils of a Centralized Govrernment—The Republican Party’s _lnsid‘i‘ous Encroachmenfs Upon the Limits of the Constitution—The Rositions of the Two Candidates Contrasteds : 2 Governor Seymour recently delivered a olitical address to his fellow-townsmen of %tica. N. Y., from which we make the following- extracts, regretting that want of space will not:enable. us to give in full the words of wisdom that fell from the lips of the ‘‘old man eloquent.”’ Governor Seymour said: - : . “It must not be forgotten that this Government isno longer the simple machinery it was in the early days of the Republic. The bucolic age of Americadsover. The interests the Government has to deal with are nolonger those of a small! number of agricultaral commymities, with here and there a commerc¢ial* tawn. They are the intcrests ul’.gl(eflrly AMifty millions of people spread over animmense - surface, with occupations, pursuits and industries of endiess variety and great magnitude ; large cities with clements of pop- - ulation scarcely known liereinthe early days; . and all these producing aspirations and interests so puslidng, powerful and complicated ‘in their nature, and so constantly appealing to the Governanent rightfully or wrongfally, “that the requirements. of statesnianship de- . manded in this. age are far différent from - thoge which sufliced a century ago.”’ . These are not my words, 1f 1 had uttered them; it would be felt that 1 was making a harsh charge against the = Administration. They are the statements put. forth by one of its officials, who speaks from his experience as a mgmber,of the Cabinet, and as one who formerly had a seat in the Senate. This declaration made by WMr. sSchurzis osicial in.character. - 1t will. be so viewed in other countries, © and will rejoice the eneniies of our Government, while it mortities the American people. The speech from whichi thiyextract was tukén 'was made as a leading one in this canvass with a view of directing its discussions, It was received with applause by the journals of the - Republican party, and by the leading mewnbers of that grgunization. Its startling declarations l’oru:&npuu our minds the gquestions: - Are the disorders, the semptations, and the confusion which press our Government due . todts character and structure, or to the mun- - nerin which it is administered? No other subject so grave or so urgent is involved in the pending contest, . If it 1s true that the difficuities in the way of an houest conduct of: our afiairs are so great that there must be - Yother quulitications for the l’rusi%l(:ncy\ot the United Stutes than tlrose of intelligencd, hon- ~ esty; and patriotism; if our Government can ouly be carried on by an exceptional man, ~ whomay not always bé at our command, tlicn we have undergone a revolution. - When we are told that a statesman, is essential in the condition of eur affuirs, it disturbs our minds © -as wher we are told ghat a physician of unusual skill'is needed in our fumilies, It means disease and danger. 'They are usually the words we hear but a little while before the ‘crape upon ourdoors intorms our neighbors " of the sad result. If our Government is so incumbered with the confusion growing out of tifty millions ot people and their varied interests and pursuits, it is clear that when that population within the lifetime of many betore me shall have grown to one hundred million and the comnplicated interests of our country are multiplied four-told, that our Government must be overwhelmed or there. must be marked reformin its conducet: This is not a remote or uncertain danger, It isone that we must contront now ,; it already taxes our in~dustry and endangers our prosperity. : EVILS NOT DUE TO THE CONSTITUTION, Is this state ot affair’s due to the structure of our Government, or to they way it has been adminiscered? 1t is not necessary at this - time that we perplexourselves with questions about the way our Constitution was adopted, "~ Whether it was formed by a compact between ~the States, or by the people of States, or by the people in their primary individual cua“padity, ivis enough for our purpose that it is * . an indissoluble bond of union ; thatit makes a General Goverpment, and it recognizes the rights of States and of persons; that all these @l6 equally sacred; the dissolution of tue Union, destruction: of States, usurpation of power, or the wiping out of lines which limit their respective jurisdictions, would each be equally revolutionary and disastrous. When,, we read the Constitution we find it makes the most conservative Government in existence ; that, beyond any other system, it protects the © rights of persons and of minorities. It nieasures out with careful terms the jurisdietion of ~ Congress, It gives to. each citizen rights of cerson, of property, of conscience, and of %)(\fiéh. so well gnarded that a single man may, ¥ ithrregard to them, dety the Government, althowgh it may act under the impulses of every citizen but himsclf. It places the Presideng, and-Congress, and States under the su- . pehvision of the Judiciary. - This isto act as "~ an jmpartial arbiter between them, and upon all questions which cancern the jurisdiction or the rights of either. This method of defining and securing the rights of all depart- . ments, and.the liberties of the people, is unknown elsewhere in the world’s history. Even | in Britain, proud of what it calls its constitutional law, and of the protection which is. thrown around its citizens, Parliament cun, if - it will, unjustly déstroy life, liberty and property ; there is no power to resist its decrees. The Judiciary itself is but an instrument to ~earry out its purposes, however destructive of s whatthey torm their constitutional principles. * Here, an unconstitutional law is a dead law. ABUSES CAUSED BY THE REPUBLICANS. As to the evils; corruptions and abuses which are set forth 'by Mr, Schurz, let us see the positions held by leading Republicans with regard to them. - What are those doing who " have been intrusted with the- duties of administrationt and who seek té hold power? We have seen that the methods of . those who have controlled public affairs and not the Constitntion of the United States have caused the dnflxgers which threaten us. : In the first place the candidate of the Republican party . Oopenly expressed -his joy that Congress has thus enlarged its jarisdiction, and, to use his own phrase, he is glad ““that it gravitates to- | ~ ward more power.” He not only wishesthe Government to gain this, but he is willing that it should do so by indirection and subtle con- | struction.. He does not say as he should do if he seeks a chanhge in the character of our . Government that it-should be made by open and direct amendments, but he tries to bring it about. by the use of doubtful phrases. 1 gpeak particularly about-his position, as lie is now the exponent of the great party which has placed him in nomination for the Presidency. The leaders in the canvass on that . side are those that hold places as Senators or as Cabinet Ministers, or important positions . under the present Administration. All of ~them in fact, and in some form, ask that their powers should be increased by taking from . the people some of their home rights. They say in effect, Give to us yourrights of making laws for yourselves; we can take care of your interests better than you can. - Every demand for jurisd‘icti}on for the (ieneral Government is a demand for the surrender of rights by the people in their towns, their counties or their States. Mr. Garfield openly expresses his satisfaction and his desire, if he is elected President, that the Government should have more ‘power than it had when Washington and Adams and Jefferson and Jackson filled the Ex--ecutive Chair. He says there has been a, gain and that there will be more by force of gravitation; not by the popular wilfi'not by changes in the Constitution in a regular way, but that authority, patronage, and power will add to themselves, will by their weight increase and . Erow until they are up to the full measure of is desires. He l'cjofces to see this done in a way against which ; : o -GEORGE WASHINGTON WARNED YOU | in his farewell address, which was submitted to Alexander Hamilton and other statcsmen before he gave it-to the Américan people: ‘lt isimportant, likewise, that ti.e habits of ‘thinking, in a free country, should inspire -caution in those intrusted with its adminis- - * tration to confine themselves within their resPectiv- constitutional spheres, avoiding, in ' the exegcise of the powers of one department, to encroach upon another. The spirit of encroachment tends to consolidate the powers ~of all the departments in one, and thus tocre ate, whatever form of government, a real despotism. -A just estimate of that love of power '~ and ‘pronengss to abuse it which predominates in the human heart, is sufficient to satisfy us of the truth of this position.. #'he necessity of reciprocal ¢hecks in the exercise of , Polit-iaal_power, by dividing and distributing t into different depositories, and constituting each the guurdian of the public weal against invasion by others, has been evinced by exfeximents, ancient andmodern; some of them D our own connti'y, and under our ow.eyes. To preserve them must be as necessary’as to. institute them. If, in the opinion of the peo-.. ple, the distribution or modification sfl)ghe' constitutional powers be, in any particuiar, | wrong, let it be corrected by an ‘amendment in the way the Constitution designates. But » let there be no change by usurpation; for though this, in one instance, may be the in-

strument of good, it s the customm:ly weapon by which tree. governments are destroyed. The precedent must-always greatly over{)alance, in permanent evil, any partial or tran‘;'iiem Renefic which the use can, at any time, eld. | lffl had not stated that these were the words of George Washington, it would be thought I was indulging in & personal attack upon Mr. - Garfield, so severe are they upon his methods and the precedents he would make. Promi- ‘\ nent as a Re&)ublican speaker is Mr. Schurz. - When he told of the -st%te of affairs at Washington we looked for allemand for strong and - stern dealing with public evils. But he glides off into & suggestion more hurtful to Mr. Garfield in thé minds of thoughtful men thun any - attack made upon him by his Foliticul oppo‘nents. He intimates that, as Mr. Gartield has - been at Washington, where these corruptions “have grown up, he” has becomé a statesman i and 18 the best man to deal with them. ~ Another member of the Cabinet, Mr. Sher“man, Secretary of the Treasury, takes a ditferent view of the state of affairs from that given by his colleague. IHe dweils upon the businesss prosperity of our country. Overlooking the industry of our people, the favorable seasons that have rewarded their labors with -ample harvests, the demand for our products fromn other countries, he claims for the Administration the gratitude of our people for all their blessings. 1 have no unkindiy feeling for Mr. Sherman; 1 regret that hé does himself a wrong when he is . UNGRAPEFUL TO GOD and unjust to the laborers of the land. It is not the statesmanship of the Cabinet, but the stiitesmanship of the plow, blessed by a fruittul season, that gives us our growing weulth, Not the skill of the Treasury Department, but of mechanics and manufacturers, that make the springs of our prosperity ; not the talk ‘in Congress, but the toil of labor in all its varied ficlds. In another respect he does himself a wrong, He does not warn our people of the danger which the change of seasons may make. He does not, as he should, admonish them that at this time, when money is abundant,iimen should throw off the burdens of debtland extricate themselves from pasitions of perilit times should change. ' le teaches the filse and mischievous doctrine that governnient poiicies, and not honest toil and frugal care, that the schemes of the brain, not the sweat of “the brow, give competence to men, Much has been said about the absurdity of fiat money. How much more absurd are Mr. sherman’s teachings of fiat prosperity. In this direction Mr, Sherman outstrips Dennis Kearney. ; : : INATIONALISM.

“el'he {min'ts most conspicuous in the speech--es and journals of the Républican party are, first, that thisis'a Nation, and next, this election is 4 contest between the Norshérn and ‘Southern States, in which a vietory will be a great gain to the former party. We charge that the denunciations of the South are used to’ mask their designs to get jurisdiction over all- the Unipn, and mainly over the interests and. people of the North, as they are the most importunt and &'nried; that the term Nation is selected because it iBS a word of obscure and indefinite meaning, and if it is substituted for the legal and proper title of Government, it “will enable them to make changes in its character hyrtful to the rights of the people and disastrous to the prosperity of their business and industrial pursuits; that the mischief it will create will not be for the remote tuture, but that they are pressing upon us now, and will be left in tlreir full force from this time on unless they are averted by the results ot -the pending elections. ; It is a marked and conspicuous fact in the political discussions the past four years that the Republican leaders have sought to bring into use the words Nation and Nationalisin when speaking of our country.- These have been heretofore used without any special significance, a 8 terms generally applied to different divisions of the human race into communities governed by some forms of law, and in this sense we Have used them to avoid the repetition of the term Uuion, United States,or General Government, But they have now become the ‘shibboleths of the Republican party and of all who have schemes for which they wish to guain public support at the seat of Government. While the men who use these terms niever define them, their very obscurityj serves the purpose:ef covering their ultimate objects, and at the same time allowing all who have political theoriesinconsistent with our Constitution to feel that they favor their views, ~ In its primary sense the word Nation means those of colmmon: origin, and applies most aptly to the smaller divisions of tribes or of throse of common lineage. In this more correct significance it is- certainly not applicable to our country, whose population is made up of mixed racesfrom all quarters of the world. Inits more comnmon use it Signifies political * divisions, ranging from the lowest to the most elevated political organi zation. - When, theretore, it is said we are a Nation, the term gives no idea of the character of our own Government, but it leaves every one to infer what he pleases of its significance, : 3 :

OBSCURE AND UNMEANING AS IT IS, it was adopted with the sclemnity of a Con-: -gressional resolution,” as a term which told of the power of our General Geverninent. In 1876 a resolution was offered - which declared, among other things, that the people of the United States constitute one Nation. All of thé Republican members voted for this, as if it threw some light upon the character of our Union. So far 1s it from doing this that it simply tends to make that obscure which was clearly stated in our Constitution. Tlere is something in the words United States, the Union, the General Government, which is in contlict with the purposes-of Mr. Gartield and his fiiends. They do not tell us distinctly what they aim at, but we find that those who seek for more jurisdiction use the term Nation, or Nationality, whenever they have occasion to speak of the jurisdiction at Washington. We always tind that the men who use the word—and many like Senator Blaine love to call it a Sovereign Nation—are in favor of a different construction of the Constitution than has heretofore prevailed. Mr. Garfield openly states this when he savs that the views held by Mr. Hamilton are growing in strength, and. he rejoicesthat our Governmentis gravitating to more power. We find, too, that they favor the plans of that distinguished stutesman of gainingjurisdigtion by constructions put upon the words iof the Constitution. As they do not like, at this moment, to develop all their plans, which would excite alarm particularly at the North, to mask their purposes and to divert attention Dby exciting passions and prejudices, they use the word as far as they can in connectiony with sectionul controversies, 80 that it may be felt they only have in view tlte Strength of the Union. 1t is this idea which gives their phrases a measure of favor with ‘the Republican party. They also take great pains in their discussions to carry the idea that Nationality means something favorable to the interests of the North.: We charge that the purposes of the Republican leaders ARE IN CONFLICT WITH THE CONSTITUTION; that they endanger the peace, the order, and the safety of the Union.: They draw to the' National Capitol'hordes of men who have selfishand corrupt ohjects, who tempt officials to violate duty from motives of ambition and greed for gold. They impair the interests and 'prosperit%l of different sections of our Union, by laws framed by men ignorant upon the subject upon which they act, and -by legisiation not only in conflict with the letter of the Comstitution but with its spirit and the genius of all our political institutions, both local and general. .1 have already briefly sketched the history and features of the Constitution. I have set forth, in the language of Mr. Schurz, the evils which now prevail about the Capitol, growing.out of the various and complicated subjects which are improperly carried ‘there for legislavion. I have stated that the. ‘Republican leaders seek to increase this evil state of things by widening the jurisdiction still more, so that the increase of our population, the growth of all its business interests, so far from giving us greater security, will only create more complication; more disorder, more difficulties, We chargée that those ‘who seek covertly to bring about these results are animated by selfish purposes of ambition, love of.power, or lust for gain, which make them indifferent to future consequences if they can reléach the object of their desires. Good Republican friends, we pray you do not indulge in sectional hates; but i you will be led into such warfare at least look and see that you are to suffer mere than those you seek to injure. Do not shut your eyes to ‘the fact that, while the advocates of Nationality have much to gain, you have much to lose by ‘their policy. You will find they are talking for themselves, and that the contest with the South is & feigned issue under cover of which you are warred upon.

THE POSITIONS OF GARFIELD AND HANMGOCK

3 CON®RASTED. : I beg our Re?)ublicun friends to look at the attitude of Mr. Garfield with regard’ to the Constitution, and see if it is one that shows loyalty to itsgrovisions. it is the charter of ourfriglits and liberties. He has on many occasions sworn to uphold it. On the 4th of March next he will, a 8 a Senator from Ohio, take a solemn oath to support its provisions. ‘The Senate was organized to assert and defend the letter and its spirit.” Deoes the conducs of Mr. Garfield accord with these oaths? He avpids the use of the titles it gives the Government. These were selected to showits gcharacter and objeet. He uses in a marked way words the framers of the Constitution reJected, and shuns those they selected. _‘What could be thought of a clergymen who should substitute for the grand, clear tones of the Bible, vague and unmeaning words which obscure the law of Christian life? Yet in this way Mr. Garfiéld treats the law which makes the life of our Union. In view of his efforts to change the Constitution by substituting con-

struction for its language, you doubt if, in his oath of office, he swears for or at the Constitution. You wonder what he seeks, which it rebuked by the title of “United States,” the ‘“Union,” the ‘“General Government.” What leads him to dwell: upon the words “Nation” or “Nationalism,” which are weak, obscure and trivial? Let us see how Mr. Garfield looks at hisinterest and position. We can five his ideas almost in his own words when 1e communes with himself. He says: “[ am to be a Senutor from Ohio for six years. Hamilton was right when he said that Senators should hold for life. lam glad that his opinions grow in favor. He did not like our Constitution, but said everything depended upon the way it was construed. This heavy volume on my table, called the Civil List, shows the names of more than seventy thousand men paid from the Treasury. This does notinclude the soldiers or sailors. ‘I am glad to see we are gravitating towasd more power.’ The Senate, of which I am a member, gives most of " these men their places directly or indirectly. They depend upon confirmation by us of the President’s nominations. In view of this fact, he usually sends in the names of those we want. If he does not, we throw them out. While large numbers of those in the Civil List are not acted upon by our body, yet as a rule they hold under those we contfirm, so they all look to usfor support. If we can make the Civil List up to @ hundred and fifty thousand, we shall be able to hold our places for life. The things most in the way are the words of the Constitution. I have thought much about them. John Quiney Adams once wrote some poetry in which he put in the mouth of Mr. Jefferson these lines: :

“If we can riot change the things I swear we’'ll chrange their name, sir.?

‘““The troublesome terms in the Constitution are the ‘United States,” the ‘Union. They tell of States and other rights than those controlied by Congress. I-:do-not like the words General Government, as it tells of other Governments and States; there are some terms such as Nation and National, which those wito made the Constitution would not: have in it. They were kept out by unanimous vote. They are vague and do not show what is meant by their use. I want them for the very reason that led the Convention to strike them out. If we get ohir people to use them they will fall into_ the habit of looking to othey Governments than our own for usages and laws. We liave got this practice under way, In 1866 all our: party in the House of Repré sent «tives voted for g solemn resolution thac ours was a Sovereign Nation. We all wore grave faces when we did this. . It taught us as much aboutour Government as if to show the prervogatives of the Prexident we had with cqual solemnity declared that he was an indi vidual. . The world is full of nations. There are many hundreds of them, of all kinds, from the Sandwicn Islands up to the Russian Empire. Their habits and usages range from those of the King of Bahomey, who Kkills g few men each ‘day for'his health’s sake, to those of the Queen of Enfland, who leads the quiet life of a.good woman. There is nothing that Nations do not do in the way of law-making, and no one can define their character as a class. The word: Nationalism has different meanings to different men. In due time, if we are firmly seated in power, we can tell the public what we mean by it; our definition will be that we want more jurisdiction for Government; this means more cost for niore inen to do more duties. The additions thus madeto ofticials will give to Senators more power, patronuage and wealth. I will ‘use these words, Nation and National, as often as 1 can: I will strew them through all my speeches_and letters. They are now the shibboleths of our party, and of all who have schemes before Congress, They sound well, and many think they lift us up to a_higher rank as a people to be put in the list of tribes and of barbarous or uncivilized Nations. But we must take care that the people do not get-alaxmed ut{ theidea of more cost and more taxes. We have the most to fear from those of the North, for in nine of their great States there dare more than half of the people of the Nation. But they have only eighteen Sendtors out of twenty-six. It was ‘unfortunate that we told them in debate that these States paid three-quarters of the taxes lévied by Government. We must keep these facts from their minds. We must stir up the old hate of the South and niaké them feel that while Nationalism +ill hélp them, it will hurt those in the Southern section.””: 5 These plain words give you the theories of Mr. Garfield and his friends about this election, and their plans for tlie future. What they say and do shows you what they aim at. Will it not be wise on the part of tlie great Re-. publican party to learn and thihk who will be the victors and who will be the victims if they have their own way.in this election? If they' do not do this, they may fall into the trap set for the people, and that we all shall feél that Nationalismn is a curse. i S

Turn from Mr. Garfield’s letter of acceptance to that of Gen. Hancock. ‘He hows to the decrees of the. Constitution. He accepts its teachings, he is imbued with s faith; its terms to. him are sacred; his earnestnéss shines out in every line, and when he swears to support the Constitution-in its letter and spirit we know he means to doso. Those who formed it not only chose fitting words to tell its meaning, but patriotism, like religion, has its symbols. No flag which floats in the wind of heaven tells so much as ours of the history and,character of the Government it represents. Its stripes recall the names of the States which fought the battle which gave us liberty,’ and which crowned their glorious work by forming our Union. The States.are numbered by the stars which glitter upon its blue field. He who would strike onestar from its place or who would blend or blur these symbols, so that they would tell only of oblscure Nationalism, has latent treason in his heart. 5

- We are asked why we took a soldier for our standard-bearer. To whom can we intrust it with more safety than to one who has had its deep and grand significance burnt:into Lis very being by the fires of battlé-fields?

There is not a color upon its folds, there is not a stripe upon its emblazonry, there is not a star upon its azure ground, that has not been made sacred to iim. The appeal which drew him and his fellow-soldiers from their homes to the battle-field was to rally around the Stars and Stripes and to uphold the Union. They will never make our flag an unmeaning thing; they will see to it that it remains a true emblem of the spirit of our Constitution. By the people’s vote Gen. Hancock will bear shis standard on to’ victory in this contest. as he has heretofore done on the bloody fields of battle. He has learned from it the grand purvoses of the Constitution by teachings amid all the solemn lessons of war —Dby the inspirations of the battle-field,by the sad and solemn aspects of the blood-stained earth and the dying groans of men when the struggle was ended. - He has learned the great lesson of statesmanship, not amid scenes of Earty strife, not in an atmosphere tarnished y personal ambition or schemes of plunder, but wlere Washington and Jackson learned the lesson of duty to their country and of obedience to its laws aind Constitution. It is mnow charged by our opponents that we are inconsistent when we place ‘a soldier: at the head of the Government. The propriety of doing this depends upon the character of the man and the nature of -the service upon which he has been engaged. The General who has fought only for victory or a conquest, or has been engaged only to promote schemes of ambition, or gratify feelings of hate, has been taught upon the battlefield only lessons of force and insolence. But those who have dared the perils of war to free their country of oppression,-to gain for it an independent Government, to resist hostile invasions, or te uphold ‘it against resistance to its rightful authority, have their minds filled with objects instructive, ennobling and patriotic. o W

With-intellects quickened by all the dangers and excitements of the strife, (they see more clearly than other men the value of obedience to laws, and the duty of sacrificing all things for their country’s good. It was in this school that Washington learned the grand duty of laying down his sword and retiring to private life when the world thought he would claim a crown as his reward, This act, so constantly referred to in other lands as well as our own, gave him his immortality.; : .

It was in the same school, under like influences, that in the hour of victory Jackson curbed and restrained his fiery spirit, and submitted to injustice and indignity, because it was imposed upon him by a legal tribunal. ‘“lf kalled to the Presidency, I should deem it my duty to resist, with all’ my power, any attempt to impair or evade the full force and effect of the Constitution, which, in every article, section and amendment, is the supreme law of the land.”’— Winfield Scott Hancock. He who has learned (to obey rightful authority has been taughtthe great lesson which fits him to exercise great authority. He who reverences.the laws of his country is the right man to administer them. He who has proved his devction to its interests is the one to whom we can most safely trust the work of guarding and proteeting them. Therefore we placed him in nomination, and go into this contest with the firm faith that we shall elevate him to the positien of President of these United States. :

- ——Grant has heard from Maine and his notification to Marshall Jewell that he has revised his programme for the next month, legwini-out the political features to which he had been previously committed, is satisfactory evidence that he can read the handwriting on the wall. He is too prudently inclined tg board a sinking ship.—S¢. Louds Repub lecan. - :

Iy Orang-Outangs at the Londen Zoological - ardens. - An adult orang-outang has arrived in this -.country from Malacea and will probably before long become, in its turn, a center of attraction "and ¢ the lion of the day’ in the Zoological Gardens. The orang in -question is not, like so many of his kindred who nave preceded him to England, an infant in years, but of middle age and fulf-grown. He stands five feet without his stockings, and, being a little bald and well whiskered, is a very respectable looking specimen of the man ape. The baby orangs who have hitherto been exhibited have been guileless urchins of no decided character, solemn countenance like other babies and easily put out of sorts. Visitors called them ‘‘poor little things,” and though they were coddled with blankets and sop, women thought'it, on the whole, rather a shame that they were not also allowed perambulators and rattles. The human helplessness of the very young orangs certainly justified this maternal solicitude on their behalf and the repeated failuré to rear them to maturity told a pitiful talé of lungs too delicate to bear our climate. Their ways and habits, so those say who have kept them as pets, are exactly those of human babies. They refuse to sleep. alone and even if left by themselves when awake will cry fretfully for a nurse. They Jove being rocked in a cradle and hate béing washed. When anything is offered them not to their taste, they kick violently, just as human beings of the same age do, but when satistied with the bottle or plaything given them they croon in a contented way over it until placidity merges into sleep. Toys have to be provided for them, and they break them all punctually, after, of course, having tried firmly but ineffectually to choke themselves with them. Wlhen happiest they lie in a helpless fashion on their backs, turning their heads occasionally from one side fo the «)tlher, with all four hands in the air, hoping apparently to find somethirig to take hold of, but unable to guide their fingers to any particular object. As time passes they grow adventarous, they try to tumblle out of their cr:}dles, and often succeed, to their immense discomfiture, for their legs being too weak to hold them up, they have to lie on the ground on their stomachs until friendly ?mnds place them right side up. All| these baby traits 'of conduct and che{mcter commend the very juvenile orangs to the tender sympathy of their visitors, and. their wisttul child-eyes always made them pets of the public. But who, we should like to know is -goix@g to pet the elderly ape that has just arrived; or how can we lavish any tender sentiment over a creature that stands five feet hich and has a bald head and bhig whiskers? o o

The great strength of the orangoutang now among us has indeed necessitated extraordinary precautions in his confinement. The cage- in which he traveled . was so small that he could not have fair play for his tremendous arms, and the bars so thick that hé could not make any impression upon them with his enormous teeth. Impotent, therefore, for mischief, the hairy prisoner sits' huddied up and roaring. Any interference with him, however "kindly meant, is at once resented by language which. might easily be translated into human equivalents, and the vigor with which he shakes his cage proves the sincerity of his ill-feeling. He is not of the interesting age that excites the soft-hearted compassien of the gentler sex ; for it is impossible to connect this great hairy ape with any idea so tenderly suggestive as feeding-bottles and perambulators. If given blankets, he will probably eat them, land as for coddling him, the keepers might just as well think of coddling a steam-en-gine. ln their native haunts they were never tritled with, for they were monarchs of all they surveyed, and the only neighbors capable of molesting them were the infrequent crocodile and the still rarer python ; while even these, 'so the natives say, the orang does not fear to meet in a single combat. The huge ape, it is said, will -leap upon the back .of an alligator and tear its jaws assunder. Literally translated, ‘ orang-outang” means ‘‘ the man of the woods,” and the first half of the nameis a title of respect, implying wisdom in those socalled, for the chief of Malays are styled *‘orang,”” and so also, in compliment to its intelligent sagacity, is the elephant. In their natural state they are not only inoffensive, but, when suddenly intruded upon, betray no symptoms of alarm, behaving from first to last with the greatest presence of mind, and always dying with pathetic dignity. Naturalists tell us that these apes watched them when trespassing on their haunts with curiosit-yL but without fear, apd would remain quietly where first seen, in spite of preparations for attack being in progress. -If escape seems desperate, they make no. effort to run from the enemyE, but utilizing the best cover that is available, avoid the missiles, spears, or bullets as long as they ‘can, and when badly wounded move away leisurely into the thickest foliage they can reach, and expire without. a cry.— London Telegraph.

Photographing the Baby.

The census will show this year about 2,651,700 babies in the land, every blessed one of which is the handsomest and l‘oest*baby in existence. Each one of the above number has its photograph taken as soon as it gets old enough “to sit before the camera without settling down into an unrecognizable heap of white clothes. Four months is the age the average infant has to face the photographer. We allowed ours to reach the rather mature age of five months before calling her before the curtain, as it were. As an unprejudiced party I may here confidentially state that our baby is an exception to most others. She is the very nicest baby in the world, and is exceedingly handsome. Good judges of the article infant say that she greatly resembles her father, and although I don’t want to flatter my own baby too much, yet I must admit that such is the case. 1 always believe in owning up what every one knows to be true. I used to think that all babies looked exactly alike, but that was the result of inexperience. But this is di%}'ession. f : ‘he ba‘pfr was arrgyed in its most ornamental dress, %he : c#tes\: little stockings and dots of white shoes that

she insisted in; kicking off every two minutes as they interfered with the very necessary process of getting the toes in the mouth. - -

We were ushered into a gorgeous room, with piano and bay window, and paintings and photographs in profusion. This is the bait; the bare hook is the operating room. Why is it that a photographer’s work-room is the barest, most unsightly lumber garret of old trash seemingly gathered from all quarters of the globe? Sections of scene painting; part of a fence; no two chairs alike;ragged curtains, some canvas rockwork, and the tall iron gaunt head-rests standing like metallic specters waiting for the %aclk of the victim’s skull. But ‘*things are seldom what they seem.” A person is posed among a lot of old rubbish and thinks with horror, *is that acid stained fiend .going to take me among this pile of refuse?’ But when the picture is finished, there stands the party in the most huxurious apartments, with a lovely glimpse of scenery beyond. The photoirapher is a magician in the.realm of Sham. He pulls ascreen here, apiece of dilapidated woodwork there, fixes some blue shades and stands back to see the effect of the light on you; throws an old mat at your feet. ““Chin a little higher please. Ah, that's just it ; that foot a little further back—so. Keep you eyes fixed at the corner of the camera ; wink as often as you please.” And thus it goes. Ll e

~ Oh, yes—the baby. I had almost forgotten her, and I can assure you she insists on not being forgotten to any alarming extent. e ““ Was the baby réady?” . : ¢ Of course,” said I, *‘ just bring her in my deag.”” . - . S ** Now you know the baby. is not ready,”” said Mrs." Sharp, with a reproving glance at me. - {) couldn’t see why she wasn’t, and furthermore I couldn’t: see what improvement the fixing up (half an hour) made on the little thing, but was informed afterwards that she would have ¢ looked like a fright” if she had been taken as at first. Meanwhile the patient photographer and photographic - apparatus, and two elderly people-waited. o The [x}?"}%‘ was placed on a sort of angled ch¥r, while her mother’s hand supported her from behind the curtain. [f you see the picture of a child sitting marvelously - upright, don’t think <the youngster| has been morally braced up for the oceasion.: The mother's hand, like the unseen hand of Providence, is there-giving guidance and support. I used to.think that they put a stiff rod or a poker, or something, down the back of the baby’s dress—but that was inexperience. e

The baby looked wonderingly around at the strange surroundings, and the little lip:began to quiver until the reassuring voice of the mother told her that she was not yet alone in an unknown world. - Then she saw her «Pop’” and laughed. She always seds something funny about me. - - ' o The photographer ran the camera with its two glaring eyes up towards the child, and whether it was he or the instrument, ‘or.both combined, they nearly scared the child out of her wits, until the soothings of the parents brought back the blue sky again.

* Now,"" said the boss operator, and the secondary fiend came out of the dark necromancing chamber with the slides covered. with a black cloth, and placed one in the camera and the other over it. |The original Black Crook placed his hand on the brass nozzle of his conjuring box, while his familiar jingled a bell. The baby looked at the bell, off came the nozzle. One! two! thy-—i | ?

She turned towards me and smiled

One plate gone; the nozzle goes over the glaring eye again. i ¢ Please stand beside him,”’ said the chief to me, nodding towards his right hand man. @ ' - I stood beside the bell man and clucked at the baby. She looked on me as some mild sort of lunatic, butshe looked approvingly and all the while the silvery bell tinkled. One, twi), three, four-—-.— _ _ '

The baby gave a crow and turned around to see if its mother was' there. She was there, but plate number two had gone to meet the first one. -

While the demons were consulting in their room of darkness, fixing a new plate, the baby was shaken up a bit and straightened out and told to be good. Baby settles down dreadfully. - |

All ready. - ' I got down on my hands and kneés and made faces that astonished the child. e ¢ One, two, three, four, five, six—all right.”” . The baby was photographed.—ZLuke Sharp, in Detroit Free Press. :

Queer Elephants.

Ctesias, the Cnidian, who lived A. D. 380, reported that the elephant has no joints, that consequently it is unable to lie down, and is in the habit of sleeping as it rests against a tree in its native forest. This peculiarity, he stated, is taken advantage of by the hynters, who cut down the trees whereupon the huge beast rolls helplessly ovgr on its back, and is easily captured or dispatched. ‘The real facts are that elephants often sleep standin%f, and that the wilder ones seldom lie down. Yet tame elephants as often sleep lying as standing. Christophous a Costa declared that elephants Eave been. known to speak, and this question is one which even Sir Thomas Browne never ventured to contradict—he thought it might be possible.—All the Year Round. ~

—The father of a British army officer writes the London Standard as follows: “I was walking with my son in the main street of Halifax, Yorkshire, at midday. He was in the uniform of his regiment. 'We were confronted by an operative, who addressed my son as follows: ‘Yougetout o’ my way, you blooming lobster; I pays for yer, and has a better right to walk ’ere nor you 'ave.’ ' This, the writer adds, was simply outrageous, and the :Government ought to protect is officers from such insults. ' : He

—The American Humane Society offer a prize of $5,000 for the best ear for carrying live stock. They will reach a decision about October 1, and more than three hundred models have already been offered.

.. MISCELLANEOUS. @ —ln France wedding ceremonies. now last three days. -+ & = " —Ceramic buttons are coming into fashion. Some are painted with miniature landscapes.” - : - oo o —The Parliament ' of ' Jersey, where some of the French Jesuits {a'.ve-‘ settled, is 'to be moved to.expel them from the Island, under an unrepealed statute of Geoxrge ML 780 —A Maine man has regularly received the Constitutional Globe and Record for the last thirty-six years, and has read every copy. . The%os.tom‘?ost,. calls him a walking waste-basket. = = . .

—The English sight-seer must guzzle. An English nobleman who allowed the public free admission to his: beautiful grounds has been obliged to.close them up, as the British. tourist leaves beer bottles, debris of luncheons, and greasy paper all over the park.. .~ - 7 -—d Jack Everman; a bank burglar; left £5,000 at his death in Philadelphia. He made no will, and his natural heirs refuse to touch.the money, because it is the proceeds: of robberies. The legal question arises - whether, there béing heirs, the State can take the prgperty.

—Twenty-three English bicyclists have been - visiting Calais. = They wazered that they would reach Bologne twenty minutes sooner tham a steamer. starting at the same time. - The -steamer won by a quarterof an-hour. - —The polite reporter of the New York Sun, who- interviewed Thomas Hughes on his atrival, in .place. of deseribing him as baldheaded, writes: <“T'he fine outlines of his head are not hidden by any growth ef hair, - execept at the sides and back, where there is a fringe of iron gram.P a 0 = G - —The elephant hunters of Ceylonand India corroborate Sinbad’s story that elephants, when they feel the approac h of death, retire to a solitary and. inaccessible valley, and there dié. in peace. Mr. Sanderson, superintendent of elephants to the Government of India, admits that no living'zman has yet.come across the corps of a wild elephant that has died a natural death: S

—Among the. stonelayers employed upon the building of the new House of Parliament was. .one of a peculiarly thoughtful turn of mind, "a man of speech and ambition- above his trade. That man now- sits in° the House he helped: Yo build, and he is’Mr. Broadhurst, .the ‘member for Stoke, whose. speeeh on the Kmployers’ Liability bill has marked him out for Parliamentary sueceess, - S s

—New Zealand, whose - first railroad was built -tivelve’ years ago, has now over 1,100 miles in Successtul operation. All the roads are three feet six inch gauge. They are all owned and operated bvthe Government, and under the control of ‘a minister of public works, with a commissioner of railreads for each island, who has a general and traffic manager'underhim. = = ==

.- —A Welshman wds on exhibition in London for some. days as a faster. He was to forfeit $5O forevery day he tasted food-during two weeks.” A watch- was organized, and the public were ad-. mitted on_ condition of purchasing drinks, The man made a strong attempt to carry out his undertaking, but after six days he fell from the sofa in a state of ‘coma, and only revived when

-~ —Among the many Heidelberg traditions of duelling is the following: Two students fought, and each sliced off the other’s nose. ~The noses fell to the. ground, -and, being .picked up by the seconds, were plastered again on the faces of the duellists. ‘“The operation . succeeded, but in the. hurry the noses ° had been changed. The aquiline man henceforward had a snub, and the snub man-hdd'an aquihne.- - = o

. —Agir! was found nailed to a plank, $0 that she could move neither hands nor feet; and flcating on' the Yangtse River, in China. Beside her was the head of a- Buddhist priest, and some coins. “An inseription said: ¢“This money is provided for-her coffin when she is dead.’”’ She belonged to a wealthy family, and her ‘two brothers, petty mandarins, used this cruel treatment because she married the priest whose head was on the plank with her.

The Cat’s Decision.===A Fable,

- One ‘day a bird of rare plumage and song set on the limb of a tree overlooking a pond, when a Catfish arose to the surfaceand saads 0 -

“ You may be able to fly through the air, but you can’t swim. You are not half sb big a gunboat as you pretend to be. LhAS T Rale i e J

This salutation nettled the bird, and he spunked up and replied: = =~ ‘] am a better man than you are any day in the week, and if you were.up here on this limb I'd prove it or bre%k off my wings trying to > . . - *“Pooh ! If you.were down here in the pond I'd take the brag out of 'you in about_ a’York minute !" sneered the Cathsh, - = e Smvnaie

After some further ‘sags’’ it -was agreed that they should g 0 to the cat and have a test to see which excelled. It so'happened that the cat was out to see if there was any chance to pick up a. bone at some one. else’s expense, and the' bird quickly brought her to the banks of the pond. -7 .7 “*You see,”’ began the cat as she stroked her whiskers and looked wise, ¢“this bird cannot swim and the Catfish cannot fly. Therefore. you must meet or neutral ground. Each thinks his cause is right; and you come to me to decide. The Catfish will swim to the bank and the bird will aligcht on his back. . One will try to pull the other down, and the other will try to pull the one up, and 'may the best man win.” The programme was carried out; each being certain of victory ; but while they were struggling, the cat raked in both for the benefit of her stomach. = -

¢ When men can't agree,”’ mused the satisfied cat. as shewfiked homewards, ‘“ they can always go to law, and the law will settle the ‘d.glsptite; if it has to eat the cause of it. . : «“P. S.—Titles examined and the titlers devoured with neatness and dispateh,? * ~ iia 0 B Moral.—ln the first place, peg away at what you can do best: In sme second place, let: other people have the. same privilege. Brag is a good dog, but the umpire rakes in all’ tfie*profits. —=Detroit Free Prése. - 0l