Ligonier Banner., Volume 15, Number 18, Ligonier, Noble County, 19 August 1880 — Page 2

s » ® iy : The Ligonier Banmer, © - J.B. STOLL, Editor and Prop’r. lIGONIER, : : ': INDIANA, T B S SRS OSSO -NEWS SUMNMARY. Important Intelligence from All Parts, it v . ‘Domestic. : THE value of petroleum and petroleum products exported from this country during the year ending June 30 was $36,221,066, against $40,305,249 worth exported during _the previous year. o ~ ONE section of an excursion train returning from Atlantic City.to New York on the evening of the 11th ran into the rear end of another section, killing two perséns and injuring twenty-five others. = . - THE thermometer indicated a temperature of 106 degrees in the shade at Bismarcek, D. T., on the 11th. - - - A PORTABLE engine boiler recently exploded at Hamlin, near Rochester, N. Y., _killing a boy and injuring two or three other people. The boiler was thrown two hundred feet through a barn, L o . RECENT heavy rains in the neighborhood of Wilmington, N. C., are. said to. have damaged the cotton crop in that region fully fifty per cent. - . . A FREIGHT-TRAIN on the St. Paul & . Duluth Railway was thrown off the track near Pine City the other morning by a broken rail. Nine cars were completely wrecked. Three ‘Minneapolis boys, who were stealing rides on the train, were killed. z ‘ . Ir was reported on the 12th that silver of great purity had been discovered at Silver Islet, near Sarnia, Canada. SPECIAL AGENT SAWYER, of the Census Bureau, has completed the revision of the. Bt. Louis census returns, and makes out the population of that city to be 833,577. At Rocheéster, N. Y., on the 12th, in trials of speed against )tTme, Vanderbilt’s young mare Maud 8. and the noted horse St. Julien each trotted a mile in 2: 1134, the fastest time on record by one second. MRr. J. W. HOENINGER recently . refused to serve on a jury in the Henrico Coun‘ty (Va.) Court because there was a colored man a member of the jury. The Judge fined Hoeninger $250 and condemned him to ten days’ imprisonment, whereupon he relented, consented to serve, and had the penalties re-

moved. = . Up to the morning of. the 12th thirteen persons had died from injuries received in the! railroad accident near Atlantic City, N. J., the day before, and it was feared many -others would die. It had transpired that abott seventy-five persons were more or less injured. - L . THE Treasury Department. at Washington issued an order on the 12th for the shipment of standard silver dollars from the mints of the United States at the expense of the mints in sums of $5OO, or any rmultiple thereof, upon deposit of United States notes, fragtional currency, fractional silver coin or National-Bank notes with any Assistant

.~ Treasurer or National-Bank ‘depositary. \ . Smaller sums will be sent by mail, free of postage, at the risk of the party to whom

Two FREIGHT trains collided on the Susquehanna division of-the Delaware & Hud-

‘son Canal Railroad near Cooperstown, N. Y., on the 13th. Twenty-five cars were demolished, two men Kkilled 'and several badly injJured.’! . : ' COMPLETE census returns from Arkansasshow that that State has a population of 810,147. - . '

- A NEW YORK telegram of the 13th says the great Keene wheat deal resulted in a loss of several million dollars to the manipulators. . .

THE Washington authorities have'di-

‘\ . Tected that Payne, the squatter recently cap- . “tured in Indian Territory, be turned over to the Marghal of the Western District of Ar- \ Xkansas for trial at Fort Smith. - . { CHARLES RicaMoND, a Northern Pa- { _cific Railway conductfior, shot . and killed his T wife, and then himself, at St. Paul on the RN .

Personai and: Political.

. THE Georgia State 'Republican Convention has been called to meet in Atlanta on September 7, ‘ ;

Tae Michigan Greenbackers met in State Couvention at Lansing on the 11th and nominated a full State ticket, headed by David. Woodman for Governor and Sullivan Armstrong for Lieutenant-Governor. Presidential Electors were also nominated.

, THE Georgia State Democratic Convention adjourned on the 11th, after a session lasting several days. After taking thirtytwo ballots for Governor, and failing to nom~idate by a two-thirds vote, the convention, by a majority vote, resolved to recommend Governor Colquitt to the people as a fit can- ~ didate. A full State ticket was placed in ' momination. GOVERNORROBERTS was renominated - for Governor of Texas by the State Demo--cratic Convention which assembled at Dallas ~on the 11th. : o . | THE following Congressional nomina- ~ tions were announced on the 11th: First California District, Congressman Horace Dayis, Republican; Fourth California, Congressman R. Pacheco, Republican; Nevada, Congressman R. M. Daggett, Republican; Third California, George A. Knight, Republican; Second Alabama, Congressman H. A. " Herbert, Democrat; Ninth Ohio, General James B. Robinson, Republican; Eighth Michigan, T. Tarnsey, Democrat; First West Virginia, . Congressman Wilson, Democrat; Beventh Illinois, William Cullen, Republican. ~ ABouT 60,000 people were present at the soldiers’ reunion at Columbus, 0., on the . 11th., Speeches were made by President " Hayes, Generals Sherman, Hazen and Ward. - TuE American Bankers’ Association, in session at Saratoga on the 12th, re-elected - Alexander Mitchell, of Milwaukee, Presi‘dent, and Jacob D. Vermilye, First VicePresident. ‘ i o ~ THE fourth annual convention of the ~ National Liberal League will be held in Chi- * cagoon the 17th, 18th and 19th of September. THE Michigan State Democratic Con- . vention'met at Detroit on the 12th and nomi- | mated a full State ticket, headed by Colone! ' 'Fred L. Holloway for Governor. Presidential ~ Electors were also nominated. ' .. ON the 12th ‘Lh& State ' Credit Demo- : crats in the Tennessee State Conventionnom_inated Judge John 'V.é}v‘r\ight' for Governor, - ~and the Repudiationists nominated 8. F. Wilsons. 0 i ; : o Tim Greenbackers of the Second ‘Maine District have indorsed A. M. Fogg, the . Démocratic nominee for Congress: ' ' ‘TaE following Congressional nomina- . tions weére made on the lstn: Second Cali- |

fornia District, Congressman H. F. Page, Republican; First Ohio, 8. F. Hunt, Democrat; Second Ohio, General H. B. Banning, Democrat; Tenth Illinois, George Meaders, Greenback; First lowa, Daniel P. Stubbs, Greenback; Beventh Michigan, Congressman O. D. Conger, Republican; Bixth Ohio, Congressman Frank Hurd, Democrat; Seventeenth Ohio, Judge L. D. Thoman, Democrat; Eighteenth Ohio, Judge Ezra B. Taylor, - Republican; Fifth Virginia, J. Stovall, Readjuster; Fourth Virginia, SBam’l F.Coleman, Democrat; Pifth Virginia, George C. Cabell,s Democrat; First Kansas, John C.. Tomlinson, Democrat; Sixth Michigan, J.. W. Begole, Greenback; Sixth Towa, Judge J. C. Cook, Demoecrat; Sixteenth Illinois, B. E. Hosmer, Republican. Ex-SENATOR NorßwooDp has announced that he will run as an independent candidate .for Governor of Georgia against Governor Colquitt. ‘ :

~ THE Georgia Republicans will meet in State Convention on tlie 7th of September to decide whether they will support Colquitt or-Norwood, or whether they will run a separate ticket: | ° i

¢ It was reported on the 13th that Vanderbilt had purchased the horse Bt. Julien, which recently made the remarkable time, for $50,000. .= » .

THE : following Congressional nominations were announced on the 13th: Fifth Kentucky District, Colonel Thomas C. Burns, Republican; Seventh Virginia, Judge Henry C. Allen, Democrat; Ninth Ohio, Cobb H. Norris, Democrat; Eighth Illinois, Judge Wallace, Greenback; Sevex}th Illinois, R. E. Barber, Greenback. . - ‘ '

. THE New Haifilpshire Democratic State Convention has® been called to meet at Concord on the 15th of September.

~ Tue Arkansas Republican State Central Committee has resolved not to nominate a State ticket this fall. : (

Foreign.

HorAcCE MAYNARD, for several years United States Minister to Turkey, and recently appointed. Postmaster-General, sailed from ‘L,;iver:pool on the 11th for this country. A MaAss of earth fell on the 12th and crushed two houses at Vieuxport, near Poitiers, France. Upto the evening of that day ten bodies had been recovered, and ten more were thought to be buried.

A MoB of disguised mien boarded the Norwegian bark Juno, lying in Cork (Ireland) harbor on the 10th, bound the Captain and crew, and carried away forty-seven muskets. The Dublin newspapers ascribe the outrage to American Fenians. .

. A ScurAßri dispatch of the 12th says the National Council of the Albanian League had decided to throw off eyery vestige of Ottoman authority. - e

~ A Paris dispatch of the 13th =says the ex-Secretary of the Bonapértists, a partisan of high rank and a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, had absconded, taking with him 100,000 francs belonging to a banking house in the Quartier Drouot. L

A PROPOSITION has been made by the Vatican for the re-establishment of diplos matic relations wi‘tfh Mexico. -

A BucHAREST telegram of the 13th says that Roumania had agreed to recognize the American representation;as a legation, and Eugene Schuyler as Minister Resident, until -some permanent arrangement could be made by the American Congress. - .

CONSIDERABLE quantities of ice are being shipped from Norwegian ports to. the United States. ' . ‘

ON the 13th Albert Pratt, a wealthy young resident of Montreal, undertook to descend the rapids in the St. Anne River in a skiff, a feat never yet accomplished, and was drowned. - - o

A DISGRACEFUL riot occurred at Toronto, Canada, late on the night of the 12th, between Catholics and Protestants. Several persons were badly injured but nobody was killed. ) . " :

SIR JOHN MACDONALD, the Dominion Premier, has completed arrangements with a Lon%on‘syndicate for the completion and operation of the Canada Pacific Railway.

LATER NEWS,

RECENT crop reports from: England, France and other parts of Europe indicate a limited yield of wheat, which will make importation from America very necessary. ~ Tae Employers’ Liability bill passed the British House of Commons on the 14th. Under the provisions of this measure employers will be liable for damages for accidents which occur through carelessness on their part or defects in machinery. - Miss ADELAIDE NEILSON, the accomplished - actress, who recently gnnounced her retirement from: the stage, and sailed for Europe, died suddenly on the 15th at the Continental Hotel in Paris. .

ExcrANDhas telegraphed a circular to all the powers, proposing a new joint note to Turkey, éntirely rejecting the last suggestion of the Porte, and insisting upon the fulfillment of the original mandate. :

GENERAL € M. SHELBY has been nominated for Cohgress by the Democrats of the Fourth Georgia. District. !

COLONEL GRIERSON, at. Sulphur Springs; N. M., reportéd on the 14th that Victoria had been driven into Mexico again, with a loss of many warriors and a considerable part of his animals and supplies.. = ’

DuriNG the fiscal year ending June 30, 1880, the imports of- gold to this country were $77,153,331. - L

THE Chinese Minister at Washington has given notice that his Government has, by official decree, removed the ancient restrictions on commerce, and that the Celestials may hereafter trade with foreigners at will. A RECENT letter to the lowa State Register from a responsible citizen of the State, Mr. 8. A. James, of Sigourney, gives the information on the authority of an eyewitness, also a responsible man, that the notorious Bender family, four in number, were captured soon after the discovery of the murder of Colonel York’s brother, and shot. TaE Canadian Rifle Team was beaten by the American Rifle Team at Creedmoor, L. I, on the 14th. The score stood: American, 1,062 points; Canadian, 1,022 points. ° . CLEMENTSHAW, who swore that Chanleshl)e Young fired the first shot when young®Kalloch assassinated him, has been sentenced to fourteen years in the Penitentiary for perjury. A motion for a new trial was denied. " -

Tue new York Tammany Democratic State Committee, of which John H. Colby is Chairman, has issued an address to the Democracy, and called a convention of the party to assemble at Albany, September 8, for the purpose of nominating a Deéemocratic State ticket. . b !

It was announced on the 15th that Charles Carver, residing in Woodstock, Va., was about to begin a fast of one hundred days’ duration. Should he succeed in his experiment he will,challenge Dr. Tanner to a competitive match. . ’ :

INDIANA STATE NEWS.

SBeveErAL Indiana counties are to, be sued for the recovery of taxes levied upon the Miami Indians still living on lands reserved to them in the counties of Miami, Huntington, Allen,and Tippecanoe: - WORK on the Masonic Temple and operahouse at Fort Wayne has been suspended, apparently for an Indefinite period. The building committee has become discouraged at the difliculty experienced in collecting subscriptions to the capital stock. - - THE old pioneers of Cass County will hold a big celebration on August2l. Hon. Horace P. Biddle, of the Supreme Court, and one of the early settlers, has consented to deliver the oration ‘()f the day. AT Frankfort on the 6th, during a saloon row, Williain Richard shot John Wyant, the ball peneirating the left lung near the heart, from the effects of which Wyant will die. Richard was arrested and is in jail] awaiting results. - | :

Six fires occurred in Evansville during the five days preceding the Bth, entail ng heavy losses. The principa! one was that which destroved the Herman furniture factory, involving a loss of $30,000. Three fires -occurred on the Sth. .S. W. Little & Co’s saw mill, one of the largest estabiishments of the Kipd in the city, was one of them. The vesulting loss was $lO,OOO. The other two were less important. The old water works machinery is being replaced by new, and during this time the city is at the mercy of the destroying é]emen_t.‘ There is no doubt in the minds of the pgople that incendiaries are at work. Citizens are not a littlealarmed. The actual damage by fire.' during the week amounted to the enormous sum of $66,000.

~ BeErweeN Logansport and Camden on the afternoon of the 6th Pheebe. Tomer, aged seventeen, was riding in a spring wagon with her parents, when the wheel struck a rut and threw her out. She feli beneath the vehicle, and the wheels passed over her neck, breaking it and killing her instantly. =~/

A PASSING train onthe Frankfort & Kokomo Railroad near Frankfort on the 6th scared a team, throwing the inmates out, and instantly killing Mrs. Samuel Hutehinson, of Michigahtown. Her husband was sericusly if not fatally injured. : . At Indianapolis on the SBth John A. Harter, traveling salesman for a Cincinnati liquor house, while drunk drgge a dirk thjrough;%nis hand, nearly severingit ‘in twain. BefOre medical assistance was secured he bled almost to death, and after his wound was dressed was seized with a chill, which was repeated later in the afternoon. Physicians say he cannot live. ,

At Richmond on the night of the 7th William Edwards was thrown from his§ buggy while driving down Fifth street and instantly killed. His neck was broken and his skall crushed. | ' . ‘ .

Roperick’s tile factory, situated twelve milesgnor;hh of Muncie, was ‘burned the other evenifig from a defective flue. Loss, $15,000; Uninsuredl. : ; o

' A FEW days dgo at Fort Wayne a team driven by Daniel Forth attempted to cross the Pittsburch & Fort Wayne Railway track ahead of a passing train, when the locomotive struck the wagdn, overturning it, and injuring Thomas A. Hern and Forth, both of whom will probably die. Charles Olds, who was in the wagon, was also badly. hurt, but will recover. | : -;

ToE. Pénsion Agent at Indianapolis disbursed at| that point during the last year $2,113,566,46, and from January, 1879, in backpay pensions, $1,770,916.50. - . THE old settlers of Tippecanoé County will Lold thein sixth annual reunion on the 28th of Auvust. | ' e

At Berne_the other night, during a quarrel between meighbors, Adam Handyshell - was shot by John Musser, thie ball entering the right lung and lodging there. Although still living it is feared his injury will prove fatal. Musser was intoxicated at the time, and, 'hedring.a.fquarrel between the two wives, he attacked Handyshell. . ‘DAVID SHELL, a wealthy farmer living near Hagerstown, has been lately beaten out of $2,500 by confidence men, who offered him a bonus of $5OO for the use of that sum for ten days to complete, as they said, the purchase of an adjoining property. - . Ox -the “evening of the 12th, near New Albany, Roger Russell,’ seventy years old, fired tw o barrels of a shot-gun into the face and breast of John Norman, his son-in-latv, inflicting .a mortal wound. The cause was alleged ill treatment of his wife by Norman. THE switchmen in the ydards of the Indianapolis® & St. Louis Railroad at Indianapolis were discharged on the 11th for striking,and their places filled with green hands. During the day one of the latter was' killed and another had his leg ent off. ' / CHAUNCEY JENKS, living four miles south of North Manchester, fell off a threshing machine engine while going through a gate on the 11th, and was caught between the post and engine and fatally crushed.

At Indianapolis on the afternoon of -the 11th Johwn G. Lentz, a well-to-do German gardner, locked himself in an upper room in his house, in the absence of his family, and set fire to the building and perished in the flames. He was supposed to be insane. Tromas C. MARTIN, a machinist, while engaged at work on a lathe in the Atlas Works, at: Indianapolis on the Illth, was struck in the head by a splinter of iron-and fatally hurt. 1 '

- TuE two-year-old son of Michael Wagner was drowned in Eel River at Logansport on the 11th. Itis supposed the child wandered to the water 'and fell in accidentally. A YoUNG man named Fagin, living at Columbia City, in jumping from an excursion train between that place and Rome Citfy on the 11th, was thrown against the fence and fatally injured. o L

A FIrE at Indianapolis on the morning of the 10th destroyed several barns. Much of the damage was caused by the obstinacy of a woman who had possession of the key to the fire-alarm box. She refused to give it up, saying it was not yet time to turn in an alarm, and the department was finally summoned from another box. .

Tre Indianapolis grain quotations are: ‘Wheat, No. 2 Red, 92@92%5¢c; Corn, 371@37%4¢c; Oats, 27@?29%. The Cincianati quotations are: Wheat, No. 2 Red, 96@97c; Corn, 394@ 40c; Oats, R9@3oc; Rye, 74@T75c; Barley, New Fall, %5@9%14e. : -

AN wmsthetic midday meal. At the luncheon hour, Jellaby Postlethwaite enters a pastry cook’s and calls for a lass of water, into which he putsa %re_sh-cut; lily, and loses himself in contemplation thereof. Waiter—¢ Shall I bring youanything else, sir?”’ ¢ Thanks, no, lghatvse all I require, and shall soon have done!’— Punch. i

AN Atlanta girl who reads the newspapers was proposed to recently by a nice young man. She jrefiected a moment, and then asked for time to preFare her letter of acceptance. Evidenty she proposes to formulate her own platform. ; . -

TRUE FATE OF THE BENDERS.

How They Were Pursued, Captured and L Disposed of.

A correspondent of the Chicago Times, writing from Oswego, Labette County, Kan., in reference to the arrest of the McGregor tramps and their claim to be members of the murderous Bender family, says: , :

“ The Benders are dead. I speak.thus decisively because I know whereof I speak. It is not customatx for one to boast of acts of lawlessness, and it is not in that spirit that I enter upon the recital of the last chapter of the bloody career of the brutish Benders. It is not necessary to go into a detailed account of the murders. In point of fact, vesy little is actually known on that point. No one in the land of the living will bavc¢ the hardihood to gsay that he saw the decds done, and the Benders theémselyes never made a confession that I know of. The McGregor liars were alittle off in their description of the murdegs. They always had Kate, or Maggie, her cousin, or John, cutting the headsjot the viectims to pieces with hatchets, whereas they were invariably brained with a hammer and theirrthroats cut. e

“ The Benders, John and his wife, and ‘their two children, Kate and John, kept & wayside tavein about a mile snd a half southeast of Morehead Stution on the road leading from Indepcndence to the Osage Mission. - Thoy were there when I moved into the county two years ‘before the discovery of the butcheries, and were well known then. Kate was a red-faced, low-biowed, squarc-shouldered amazon, strong enough to throw a bull by the tail, and every‘body stood in awe of her: She made a pretense of practicing the nealing art, and was ’known far and wide as a “ spiritualistic doctor.”” Her cures were peimanent, and her remedy was a hammer. . Decent people avoided the Bender tavern. As the country hereabouts harbored a good many des‘peradoes abiout this time, no one cared to raise a row, and the protest went no further than avoidance. When search was instituted for the body of Dr. York, in Ap‘:x:?l\lsw, suspicion was directed against t%e enders, and contrary $o the general belief a close watch was Kept on them for a while. They must have been aware of the survelllance, for at ‘the first' opportunity they decam['ped: The report that theéy took the train at Thayer, astation a few miles north of®@herryvale, and wgfi\nt‘ to Humboldt, from which place they took gassage for ’fiexas, is a mistake. They simply undled their goods into two wagons and started for Indiau lerritory. They did not proceed at once to their destination, if,. indeed, they had any destination marked out, but crossed over into Montgomery County, and squatted near 'Verdigris River to await developments. -The distance from their farm was something like twemty miles. John, Jr., or John, Sr., made daily trips back to the vicinity ‘of Cherryvale and took observations. It was their intention to return if the excitement should blow over, but if it continned warm they would go on asoriginally planned. They knew of the discovery of their crime within an hour after the bodies were dug out of their shallow graves, and they lost no time in:striks ing their tents. They struck out for the wiest bank of the river and started southward post haste. Their flight soon became a panic, and to add to their discomfiture one of their wagons broke down. Packing what they -could of tne load on their horses they piled up what was left, set fire to it, and hurried on. “In the meantime a vigilance committee had been formed. This move was taken with the greatest secrecy, and none but trusty men were admitted to the organization. The utmost circumspection was used, for the reason that in & new community like this the doubtful assistance ot suspicious eharacters was a thing to be dreaded. The vigilantes did not numbér more than one hundred men all told, but they meuant business, as the sequel proved. 1t was my good or bad fortune to be one of the eleet. Scouts were sent out in all directions, and within forty-eight hours of the departure of the Benders from their camp in the next county, the tact was duly reported to us. ‘9 - '

* About forty of us organized into a pursuing party and started after the butchers. Once on their trail, we had no ditficulty in following it. The murderous quartet had taken to the ‘open country west of the river, but were keeping within convenient distance of the thick timber that grows in the valley watered by the stream. They were expecting pursuit, and hoped to escape by losing themselves in this timber if it came to the worst. As we proceeded the trail freshened, and ere long we came across the half-consumed ruins of the wagon left by the Benders in their flight. From the direction they were taking, it became evident tothe mind of those acquainted with the country that they g’ere pointing for that paradis& of cutthroats focaied near the mouth of 'the Red fork of the Arkansas. The country hereabouts is a bleak and desolate region, infested by horse-thieves, half-breed Creeks, Pawnees and Cherokees. Once there they knew they would besafe from pursuit. Even the United States troops have never been able to penetrate that terra incognita. It is a sate retreat for the border ruftians, and is known to be such all through this section of the country. This haven tor thre wicked is distant about one hundred and forty miles from the point where the Verdigris River enters Indian Territory. The murderers had about forty miles to travel before reaching the boundary of the Territory, and they were probably twenty miles beyond the line -“when our scouts caught sight of them. Burdened as ‘they were with much cumbrous baggage, they had not been able to make very great speed, but they used every possible effort to put space bcaind them. It was about three o’clock on a hot, sultry May afternoon that we came in sight of the party. They saw us as soon as we came from cover, and abandoning everything they broke for the forest. They plunged into the woods and scattered. We were close upon their heels, however, and they did not succeed in eluding us long. The old man and his wife and Kate were under arrest in less than an hour. JOhli Jr., was more fortunate than the other members of the tribie, for he contrived to evade us for an hour longer, but he was at length run to cover and forced to surrender. | : i

**Having captured the assassins. the ques; tion now arose, ‘ What are wetodo with'them?’ Some were for taking them back and letting the law take its course. The advocates of this line of policy were largely in the minority. There were those amongst us whose relatives had fallen victims tothe deadly hammers and knives of the wretches, and they would not listen to the suggestions of the consérvative element. They threatened to do some killing then and there if their demands for.instant vengeance were not regarded:. No one would have offered a very strenuous opposition if they had carried out their threats, but it was thought best to do the job up. after the most approved form obtaining in the courts presided over by Judge Lynch. . *The prisoners were accordingly arraigned and asked what they had to say in. their defense. Thesld woman was sullen and ugly, but the two.; men showed signs of taltering. Had they 'be‘%n left to themselves, they would have made Tull confessions, beyond a doubt. The amiable Kate perceived this, and, thinking it would please the vigilants too much -to hear confessions, she fell to cursing her ‘brother and father for their cowardice. Fouler language was never uttered than came from the lips of this fiend. No term was too vile to apply to her relatives. They took it sullenly at. first, but soon sgomething of her reckless spirit infused them, and they too joined in the tirade. The chorus of bihsphemy thait went up from that hardened lot caused a shudder to run through our party. With death staring them in the face, they united in cursing us and lamenting their inability to do us harm. Such malignity I never saw equaled, Even the old woman chipped in occasionally, and her appearance indicated that she wholly approved of the family demonstration. * Our court went through with the form prescribed and then pronounced a sentence of death. The announcement was received with jeers from the hardened criminals, who had determined to brave it out to the last. It was decided that the murderers should be shot, as it would take too much time to hang them. The sun was already nearly down, and the shadows of approaching night were deepening. There on the borders of the forest the crugl killers were tied to saplings and told to prepare for death. One of our number, who had not quite forgotten his early education, undertook to offer a prayer, but the lovely Kate spit.in his face while he was addressing the throne of grace, and he quit right in the middle of a sentence and drew Off in disgust.

_ “The four died with curses on their lips, hardened and unrepentant to the last. There in that lonely, dismal spot, awdy beyond the confines of civilization, they met a righteous retribution, and their souls, black with crime, were sent to .meet the great Judge. A hole, ‘made by the displacement of the roots of a fallen cottonwood, was made a little larger and deeper, and the bodies were thrown in and hastily covered with loose earth, rocks and ?rush;viood. This was all there was to the uneral. .

“On reaching the level again, the effects of she Benders were stacked and burned as a sort of an offering to Heaven.: We then proceeded northward, separting before reaching the flsettlements,, each seeking his home uietly. . g ‘“This is the true history of the fate of the Benders, and when, in, t{e future, you hear of the apprehension of any of the tribe, you can put it down as a canard.” o -

/A GROWING BUSINESS—The gardener’s.— Rome Sentinel.

The Ventilation of Houses and Rooms.

- Professor Pettenkofer has shown that gou can blow a candle out through a rick if you only concentrate the breath -on onepoint; and so a large quantity of air is changed in rooms by the air passing through the walls when there is no contrivance to prevent it, and itis a fact that many rooms, when shut up in winter, are much better véntilated than i the summer, when the doors and ~windows are open, because at particular periods there is scarcely any movement of the air in, summer, whereas in winter the cold air outside and the warm ‘air inside form a current of air, and a large quantity passes through the walls. It remains, then, for us to consider how air is to be got into rooms so -as not to produce draught, and how, the air that 'has been us.ef is to be drawn out. Cold air must be let in above people’s heads, or it will produce a draught, and the practice has arisen of letting -it in high up in a room. Now, if you make an opening through the wall of the room into the outer air very high *up, the _outer air will come in, cold and heavy, ‘into the air which is lightest, at the top .of the room, and so it will fall down, just as cold water would, on to people’s heads, dnd that clearly will not do. That is to say, then, that you cannot let cold air in low down, as it will get to your feet; and you cannotlet it in high up, as it will fall on your head. Waat, then, is to be done?” You must let the air in so that it will have a direc~ tion upwards, so that it shall come in like'a fountain. There are several ways of doing that. Suppose you make an opening over the door through the wall into the outer air and you put in front of that a piece of board slanting forward, air conling in strikes against that %E\oard and is deflected upwards, so that it\ascends as it comes in, and if ¥ou provide: that board with what are called. a pair of cheeks to prevent the air tumbling\over at the sides, you have a very cheap way of letting aiv into the room. One precaution you should take, and that is, you should not do that too high up in the room; you should put it low down, only just sufliciently above peoFle’s heads. . Now, many people .do not ike to go intg a room where they see anything of the kind, and there are people, too, who directly anything of that kind catcheé\ their eye, thinkvthe%_; feel a draught, but I can assure you that in a room provide>‘ with a contrivance of the kind there is no draught; it is pure fancy, and I would advise the plan as one worthy of general adoption; and I would suggest that you should conceal the piece. of wood by hanging a picture in front, and then your nervous friends will not be annoyed.—Dr. Corfield. ' e e

The Knife and Fork Question.

~ ““’Twere better for trencherman to ~wipe his wittel on a mapchet of bread than on' his doublet; 'twere. more - tidy and comely. Goodly breeding belongeth to a gentleman. 'Tis more like Flamand boor than aught else to sully napkin with grease of knife. Bethink ye of manners, my Lord.””; This, from an old play of about 1615, shows that the knife and fork question must have agitated the world at an early date. ‘< They behaved strangely and in. an indecorous manner,’”’ writes a French. chronicler, describing the habits of the Russians, at Versailles, half a century later. ‘¢Their knives they wiped on their beards and it was most distasteful; they were not gens me bonne compagnie. Their garments were gredsy. and they smelt ill-flavored.” Of course, nobody -nowadays would: think of cleaning his knife in the primitive manner, though ‘at a hotel or restaurant it might be perfectly legitimate to give a dingy spoon, knife or fork a little friction on the napkin, and, in fact, there are certain Italian restaurants in this city where it ‘has passed as a custom with the clientele to aid the waiters in this way. Needless to say that anything of this character - akin to fur‘bishing the. steel or silverware at a private house would be one of the rudestthings to do. We are not conscious of having ever remarked want of care in the cleaning of knives or forks at a private dinner, but still when the minor equipage of a house is scanty and when fish is served, and the same small wares have to do second duty and the cook or waiter is not careful and a flavor of dsh awakens the suspicion of the guest, the effect. is disagreeable. Now, if the mistress of the house only knew that a -grain of carbonate of soda in the water in. whichpastry plates or knives, forks or spoons were to be-washed, would carry away all the ichthyous odors, then some very unpleasant ideas occurring to the minds ‘of the guests might be obviated. We slowly approach, then, that absorbing topic, how the knife and fork are to be used, or what is to be done with them when the plate is passed to be replen ished. We think the question divides itselfinto two distinct phases. If there is a servant the knife and fork may be left on the plate. Itis then the duty of the attendant who carries the plate to the place of replenishment to take care of the knife and fork, putting them on one side of the plate so as to %)e out’ of the way of the new supply of food. But this leaving of the knife and fork is quite optional. To cross, however, the knife with the fork is to give extra trouble. If, however, there is no one in attendance, it is wisest to retain the knife and fork. Volunteer assistants at a table, those other guests who pass along the plate, may not be accustomed to this duty and accidents detrimental to their neighbors’ dresses or coats by the fall of the knife and fork may occur. There are several positions which the person who retains his own knife and fork can assume., He might hold the %knife in one hand and the fork in the other and apply the butts of each of them on the table, grounding arms, in fact, and thus assume a most awkward and stupid position. It is a perfectly easy thing to hold the knife and fork in the right hand on the table, or even to place them there, thmagh if they be dripping from the food, which rarely occurs, the table-cloth would be soiled. If there be stands on the table of course the knife and fork can be stacked on them; but such stands are rarely in use to-day, save for the carver. The bother about this matter is slight after all, because in a well-regulated service plates, knives and forks are changed at every course, and besides it is exceptional when guests ask for a second helping

of the same dish. It might as well be said hereof the marked improvement generallyas to the use of theknife it is not now as universally }he@thed inaman’sor . a woman's mouth/asif they were sword- " swallowers. Thirty yearsage, in France - the use of the kxlx'—‘ggegat ‘dinaer « was %—’ most tabooéd. ' The custom was to.di~ vide the food with the fork, rather an ¢ awkward custom, as forks have generally no cutting edge and to aid the act of conveying food to the. mouth on the fork, by means of a bitof bread. .Long habit mskes people amazinely clever about this kind of thing and to see a. . well-cultured . Charleston or Savannah ‘woman loading her fork :with grains, of rice, without spilling: a kernel, is the acme of intelligent manipulation. The older one grows and the better he be-. comes acquainted with the world and its habits, the less fastideous one becomes in regard 'to the little conventionalties of life.. ‘The pretty Japanese - girl, with the clean hands, who takes the boiled rice. with extended fingers out of the well-scrubbed pail and puts it in your - lacquer ' saucer, . does it so ° well and'gracefully that you do not call fora spoon. Muchfeedi Pasha, who has sedulously washed hisrither coarse fingers before he tears off’ for me the thigh of the pillaned chicken, acts according to the rules of etiguette in his own country and it is an ill-mannered man who finds fault with it. Certainly the Turk would have a right to feel horrified if, at the conclusion of a European repast, he should see the convives gurgling their mouths.in a most foul anc - disgusting way. Baron Von Kalbfleisch attached to the Prussian Legation, does hold his knife in a ‘most distressing way and the position: of his- cutting instrument is so awkward that he rarely does succeed in dismenibering a sweethread. But, then, this ‘gentleman. though he has been in France, (with the army at Gravelotte - he played a distinguished part) has never acquired the manners of that . country. - Still;” Miss Bwoun showed her bad breeding and ignorance to us (when he _dined-lis‘st‘“"itfi her ° at her father's table) in having commented on his. German ways. -Different men, ditfferent manners. = _

Now, Miss. Bwonn did try, in a.very silly way some ‘years ago, to foster that absurd fashion of eating with her gloves on. If she bad not been laughed out of it she-would have = worn her Marquise ring outside of her glove. - To eat with gloves on is female snobbery. ~Young women who go out to parties may be lavish of gloves and may: ‘be indifferent to smearing them with lobster salad, or to have the ‘first "finger and thumb darkened where . the “spoon touches them. But nothing is prettier than the freshness of'‘a woman's- hand and the best fitting glove is after ‘all, but ‘an awkward - thing. Gloved hands that feed, to keep up the whole dignity of the thing, should find miouths which were -hidden * behind- veils.—N. Y. Close. Calculation Necessary.

~ Farming is so close a'business that a little excess in the cost of producing a crop- cuts off all profit and often entails a positive loss. This is true, notwithstanding the sadly notorious fact that farmers are by no means close reckoners in regard to what their crops cost them. Corn is produced at best with about as small a.margin.of profit as cotton cloth and the same may be said of cotton, wool, wheat and ‘milk. These raw products of . the farm are subjects of manufacture, the corn into starch, whisky and glucose, the cotton-and wool into textiles, the wheat into flour and bread and the milk into cheese and butter. ‘These latter operations in the: hands of business men are subject to the closest figuring and the balance sheets ‘of their business at the close of the year exhibit to them the resuits, ficured down to a cent. The same is' true of the jobbers and retail dealers-in these goods. . - But the farmer rarely knows what anything he grows ‘or manufactures costs him. He guesses at it and all he really knows is that he is generally Jpoor, in -debt -and hard up for money even to pay his taxes. I think I may say ‘without exaggeration, for it has been a favorite subject of inquiry with me for a dozen years, that L have asked. hundreds of the leaaing farmers in Vermont how much the’ net. profits of all the farms in the State will average annually. Thave evetfoundbnewifiqwould set this avergge as high as fifty dollars to the farm. ' Now as the average number of acres to the farm in Vermont is probakly about eighty, it follows, accepting these opinions as cotrrect, that the gain of property among the farming classin this, one of the most prosperous and intelligent agricultural communities on the continent, is not over half a dollar per acre annually. Estimating the average value of these farms at twenty-five dollars per acre, which is probably not far from the mark, this would give - a net profit on the investment in land alone (allowing nothing to the capital invested in live stock and implements) of only two per cent. A business %ivi'ng's‘o' small a return as this requires the closest caleculation and the wisest economy on the part of those engaged in it. . Where these are applied the profits on the total investment will often reach or exceed ten per cent. In the cases -(and they .are many) where they are badly wanting, the loss is even greater and dispossession is sure to fol-10‘w.-—C’2r. Examiner and Chronicle.

The Height of Snobbery.

London Truth relates that when the Galatea was at anchor in some Australian port, and the Duke of ‘Edinburgh was on shore, the officer left in command good-naturedly allowed all who chose to come on board and see the vessel. Even the Captain’s cabin was: thrown open. Its tenant had apparently been washing his royal hands. Deeply touched by the sight of the soapy water, a lady emptied the contents of her scent bottle and replaced them with a draught from the Duke’s basin. The examp%e instantly became contagious, and in a few minutes not a drop of the precious fluid was left. One would think the force of loyalty could hardly go further did one not know that it has.. -

—Mrs. Haussman, of De Witt County, Texas, has for five years in succession sent the first bale of cotton to Galveston, and has received handsome premiums: for it each year. This season she also sent the first bale of cotton into House ton. bie s )