Ligonier Banner., Volume 15, Number 11, Ligonier, Noble County, 1 July 1880 — Page 2

° i ® N, . ‘ The Ligonier Lamner, J. ‘B. STOLL, Editor and Prop’r. | > 8 1 LIGONIER, : g INDIANA. | : s : St NEWS SUMMARY. s L Important Intelligence from All Parts ~—-‘———. & | Domestic. ; THREE boys, Gustave Ohr, George, Mann and John Sammet, under twenty years of age, were hanged at Canton, Ohio, on the 25th, the first two for the murder of an old farmer, and the last for the murder of a man who was a witness against him in a burglary case. Hyde Brown, who murdered his mother-in-law, was also hung at Huntsville, Mo., on the 25th. Brown’s wife shot herself a few days before, in pursuance of a mutual promise to commit suicide, and died. Brown took a large dose of® morphine, was discovered, pumped out and hung as stated. JUupGe POorRTER, Comptroller of the Treasury, has decided that the unexpended balance of the appropriation made by Congress to be used by the National Board of Health may be paid to that organization this gummer. It will be expended in erecting quarantine stations on the Mississippi and along the coast.

THE excess of exports from over imports into the United States during the twelve months ended, May 31, 1880, was $162,183,693. TaE Farmers and Mechanics’ Bank, a State institution at St. Paul, Minn.,- failed ofi the 25th, with liabilities of about $95,000 and assets of $102,000. o

A FIRE in Tarport, Pa., a town of two thousahd inhabitants, on the afternoon of-the 25th, destroyed two hotels and twenty-nine stores. ~ Loss, about $30,000. On-the same day thirty-five houses were destroyed by fire at Kendall, a suburb of Bradford, Pa. The fire was caused by ,the explosion of a;gas stove. Loss estimated at $70,000. - =

Two MEN were killed and two fatally injured by a falling wall at a fire in Elizabeth, N. J., on the night of the 24th. -

THE population of Columbus, 0., has been ascertained to be 51,337, which is a gain of 20,063 in ten years. ‘ S A WESTWARD-BOUND train on the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad jumped the track near Martinsville on the 26th, and the engineer and fireman were both killed. ¢

A NEGRO in‘a chain-gang at Norfolk, Va., recently refused to obey an order of thé officer in charge, was struck, struck back, at: tempted to escape, and was shot dead in his tracks, ' - L - A PASSENGER-TRAIN on the Atchison, ‘Topeka & Santa Fe Railway was thrown from the track near Sargent, Kan., on the 27th, demaqjishing several cars, killing one passenger, J. J. Jenkins, of Dubuque, lowa, and seriously wounding several .others. A broken rail is supposed to have caused the accident.

. A WRECKING-TRAIN" collided with a freight-train on the Vandalia Road, about six miles from St. Louis, on the morning of the 26th, causing the instant death .of. two men, the fatal wounding of two-others, and injuring ten men moreor less seriously.

ON the 26th the United States Treasury held $361,627,050 in United States bonds to secure National Bank circulation; bonds deposited to secure bank circnlation for the week, $315,000; amount withdrawn, %150,000. National Bank circulation outstanding: .Currency notes, $343,318,174; gold notes, $1,347,490; revenue, $30,083,794; customs, $53,239,:352. National Bank notes received for re demption during the week, $1,824,000, against $2,546,000 during same week in 1879.

A REMARKABLE feat in swimming was récenfly performed in New York by George Fearn, an Englishman. He swam a distance of fifteen miles, a portion of‘&the way lying through the fierce current of Hell Gate, in three hours, twenty-seven minutes and fortysix seconds. : ! :

_At Elkhart. Ind., on the 27th George Elliott, a young man of dissipated habits; fired two balls into the head of his sweetheart. Miss Mamie Dacey, because, in the hope of curing his evil tendencies, she had accepted other ‘attentions. The drunken fiend then killed himself. The young lady was mortally wounded. - :

THERE were two hundred and geven-ty-four deaths in New York City on ghe 27th, miny of which were caused by excessive heat.

- THREE negroes who took refuge under a tree near Louisville, Ky., during a severe thunder-storm on the night of the 26th, were found sitting there stone dead the vext'morning, having been struck by lightning. | ae e

CouNTERFEIT $lOO bills have appeared bearing the names of the National Revere Bank, Boston; the Pittsburgh National Bank; the Mechanics’ Bank, New Bedford, Mass.; the Pittsfield National Bapk, Massachusetts, and the National Exchange Bank, Baltimore. They are from the same plate, and are said to be marvels in the way of fine engraving. All the bills of the banks above namned are to be called in. i ;

Personai and Politieal.

THE Vermont State Republican Con-

vention was held at Burlington. en the 23d. Colonel Roswell Farnham was nominated for Governor, General Barstow for LieutenantGovernor and John' A. Page (renominated) . for State Treasurer. i

_ THE Maine Republicans have renominated Governor Davis and indorsed the nomination of Garfield and Arthur.

S. D. LINDSAY has been renominated for Congress by the Republicans of the Third . ‘Maine District. s ‘ 6 THE Michigan Republican Convention to nominate State officers will be held at Jack~ son on the sth of August. . THE Registry law passed by the' late - Wisconsin Legislature for Milwaukee County has been pronounced unconstitutional by the Bupreme Court of the State. ‘ , TaEe Republicans of the Second Congressional District of Maine havé renominated W. P. Frye for Congress. o W. H. CALKINS has been renominated for Congress by the Republicans of the Thirteenth Indiana District. i : THE Republican Congressional Con--vention qf the Tenth Illinois District on the 84th renominated B. F. Marsh for Congress. GENERAL ORDWAY was installed as Governor of Dakota on the 24th. THE Secretary of War on the 25th suspended the recommendation of the West ‘Point Academy Board that Cadet Whittaker > be dropped on account of deficieney in his studies. This will give him an opportunity of déemanding a court-martial in his caseif he desires-to vindicate himself. - 1f he should be dismissed now, he would have no chance of being further heard. : ~ It was stated on the 25th that Minister Maynard would arrive from Turkey

about July 15 to enter upon his duties as Postmaster-General. S

T. H. HoLMES, a Lieutenant-General in the Confederate service, died recently at Fayetteville, N. C., aged seventy-six. .

Foreign.

- MRr. BRADLAUGH appeared at the bar of the British House of Commons on the 23d and insisted on kis ri%ht to take his seat. Sir Stafford Northeote objected, whereupon Labouchere, who represents Nottingham, the seat from which Bradlaugh also had been elected. moved that he be permitted to address the House, which he accordingly did at some length. He eloquently combated the resolution against himj; he said it was unprecedented to condemn anyoneunheard, and argued against being accused of, atheism; he would not forego his opinions or claims toa seat; the House might expel him, but until he had taken his seat it had no jurisdiction; the House could not override the law which permits him to take the oath; if an appealshould be necessary, as he hoped it would not be, it must be made; he asked the House to givelhym justice, which the Judges would give him if appealed to. He was loudly cheered. Having been subsequently called to the table and informed by the Speaker of the decision of the House, he was requested to withdraw, which he twice respectfully refused todo. ~A motion was’ offered- by Mr. Northcote and adopted—326 to B3B—authorizing the Speaker to enforce Mr. Bradlaugh’s withdrawaF Bradlaugh still refusing to obey the orders of the Chair, a motion was adopted—=274 to 7— that he be given into the custody of the Ser-geant-at-Arms, which was accordingly done, and he was confined in the clock tower of the building. He was there “visited by Mr. Par nell and‘others, who tendered him their sympathy. -Mr. Bradlaugh stated to an imterviewer that he did not yet contemplate legal proceedings. e L - THE British House of Commons has voted, by 153. ayes to 117 noes, to close all saloons on the Sabbath.’ il - KiNG JoHN, of- Abyssinia, has concluded a treaty of peace with the Egyptian Government. : F - REVOLUTIONARY pamphlets and books were seized on the 27th in the houses of well known agitators at Pesth. ’ A TaYETMQ dispatch,” published in London on the 27th, sajys the troops of,King Theebaw had thoroughly defeated the Burmah insurgents and disperséd their troops. The leaders had been captured. ‘ : A RECENT letter from Constantinople relative to the faming¢ in Asia Minor states that the British Consuls and American missionaries: had done a |great deal to alleviate the suffering there. | 0 ? Tue Turkish Minister of War has directed the formation of a camp of 24,000 men at Adrianople. e : A Lonpox dispatch of the 26th says the Conference at Berlin had concluded their labors relating to the rectification of the Greek frontier by handing over to the latter power Janina and the neighboring district. THE American and Irish teams practiced at Dollymount, Ireland, on the 26th, the agoregate score of the American riflemen being 1,273, and that of the Irish team 1,245. This had affected the betting, and long odds were being placed on the Americans. : A DpIsSPATCH of the 26th says the army-worm had made its appearance at Goshen, Orange County, N. Y. » #

-THE Spanish authorities are taking the most extraordinary pains to prevent the landing of filibustering expeditions :on the Island of Cuba.’ - The recent outrages on American vessels have been . ascribed to the anxiety of the authorities relative to the’ filibustering business. It was stated.on the 26th that anothe®Cuban insurgent chief had surrendered with thirty-three officers and 254 privates. -

- A Paris telegram of the 26th says a number of Magistrates had resigned ‘rather than execute the decrees against the Jesuits and unauthorized congregations.

A CONSIGNMENT of honey-bees has lately been brought to Canada by steamship from Palestine. g

LATER NEWS,

AN immense volume of locusts hasinvaded the valley of the Don in Russia. Every green thing disappears before them. THE powers have secured. the exercise of entire'religious freedom in Morocco.

. CARL PETERSEN, the celebrated Dan-ish-explorer of Aretic regions, died at Copenhagen on the 28th. ° 5

THE woolen mills at Burlington, Racine County, Wis., were destroyed by fire, on the morning of the 28th. J. P. Willard, the superintendent, perished in the flames. . CHARLES ULRICH, the notorious cghinterfeiter, who recently completed a ten years’ term in the Ohio Penitentiary, is suposed to be the author of the dangerouas $lOO ounterfeit bank notes now in circulation.

-81 x escaped convicts from the Idaho Penitentiary recently stopped a stage-coach on the Challis and Utah line, relieved the seven passengers—five men and ‘two women—of all their valuables, and then divested them of all their clothing. . :

A WASHINGTON dispatch of the 28th says the grossreceipts from internal revenue for the fiscal year ending on June 30, 1880, estimating for the two remaining days, would bé\in round numbers $123,000,000, an increase of 10,000,000 over those of last year. =~ - . ATt about 4:30 o’clock on the afternoon of the 28th the steamer Seawanahaka, a boat plying between New York and Glen Cove, L. L, took fire from an explosion in the engine room, when near Randall’s Island, and was burned to the water’s edge. As soon as the flames were discovered the pilot headed the steamer for the Island and bravely held his post until she was beached. There were about 500 passengers on board, nearly 50 of whom were supposed to have perished.

- THE one-hundredth anniversary of the founding of Sabbath-schools in England was celebrated in London on the 28th. Rev. Dr. Punnbon delivered a glowing gulogy on Robert Raikes, the founder, and Dr. Vincent, of the United States, followed. '

THE spinners and winders of Mossley, England, have struck because the master spinners would not grant them a five per cent. advance in wdges. i THE lower house of the Prussian Diet passed the Government Church bill on the 28th, by a vote of 206 yeas to 202 nays. ON the afternoon of the 28th a four-year-old son of George Wheeler, living in Saylor Township, near Des Moines, lowa, got hold of a revdlver and pointed it at his two-year-old sister. It was discharged and the bullgt penetrated the baby’s head, killing her instantly. : g :

A LoNDoN telegram of the morning of the 29th says diplomatic relations had finally been broken off between Brussels and the Vatican,

"IN consequence of the disturbed condition of affairsin Albania Austria is making extensive preparations for war. :

Garfield and Arthur,

If the Democrats of ‘the country are not satislied with- the result of the Chicago Convention they are very hard to please. The nomination of Garfield is not only a compromise; it is a weak and timid compromise. For several days it has been evident that the contest for the nomination lay between | Grant and some outsider who had so far developed no strength whatever in the Convention. General Garfield was the likeliest man for the nomination. since General Garfield, besides having a ceftain positive strength in the party, has excited no active enmities in the party. and. more important still, since Genem&(}:n-field,is a citizen of Ohio, a generally Republican State which holds an election in Octobér.\ The cowardice of the compromise lay/in this last fact. When the Repubficarls consider it necessary to nominate aman, as they nominated Hayes in 1876 and as they have now nominated Garfield, for the purpose of making sure of the vote of Ohio in the local October election, theéy show in the clearest way that they are far from feeling any confidence as to the result of the general election in November. It would have been idle for the Chicago Convention = to nominate any man ' who could not hope to cartry Ohio. In ! fishing for = sprat, therefore. the RupubTi-ca,ns have thrown.away their whales. The leadership'of Cameron in Pennsylvania and of Coukling in New York has been not only challenged but overthrown. In 1876 Conkling himself, as a candidate, at least commanded and held sixtyeight of the seventy votesof New York. In Chicago, after much more desperate exertions, a third of the'New York delegation has defied him - throughout. I\fore than a third of the Pennsylvania delegation, which Cameron kept almost unanimous for Hartranft in 1876 until he withdrew Hartranft’s, name, this year bolted Cameron’s instructions and Cameron’s control. If the man for whom they had made their strenuous and futile etforts for solid delégations had' finally been nominated, Conkling and Cameron would "have done their best to reunite their forces and to regain their own ascendency. But cer--tainly Mr. Garfield is not the man to excite the enthusiasm of either boss, and Mr. Conkiing, in spite of his haste to move, in the interest of General Arthur, tha% the nomination should be made unanimous, may ‘be expected to. sulk in his tent, as he did during the canvass of 1876, and as it is his habit to do when campaigns are not conducted upon Jlines of his laying. “Mr. Garfield is as far from being the man to conciliate the Indepéndent vote in any State as he is from being the man to bring.out the’ straight Republican vote in Pennsylvania and New York. Mr. Garfield has not been handling pitch for fifteen. years wijthout: being besmirched. It may, however, be said for him that he is as little besmirched as any conspicuous candidate before the Convention, with the exception of Judge Edmunds, who never had a chance of the nomination. Though Mr. Garfield was reputed. to have acquired some railway securities at a very cheap rate, and to have received very handsome pay for legal opinions upon subjects which were to come before . the House of Representatives for disp(&&sition, he did not make the mistake of beginning ‘‘a gal-. laut figcht’’ when the g{vid.,ence wWas pros duced. but 'acted upon the good old maxim that the least said was the soonest. mended. It is absurd to suppose that he will satisfy the holier aspirations of the noisy scratchers, or secure the votes of the much larger and mere im‘portant class of people who signify their disapprobation of the candidate of their own party by quietly declining to vote for him, - and, ((in extreme cases, by voting for hig” opponent, provided that the ‘‘record” of his epponent is distinctly clearer. Mr. Garfield’s ‘“record” i this respect is simply that of an average Republican politician, who requires very good cause to be shown why he should refuse what comes in his way, and lis inclined in doubtful cases to give himself the benefit of the doupbt. His more properly political record is of the same average sort. He'is what the organs call *‘an earnest andunflinching Republican;’ which means that he always votes with his party on party measures, and does not allow his views upon any measure to put him in opposition to his party. The Evening Fost, which still languidly professes a: preference for revenue reform, delightfully characterizes him as *‘a theoretical ree trader.”” That is to say, he is a practical protectionist, and his adroitness in the Committee of Ways and ‘Means, combined with the extraordi‘nary behavior of the Chairman of that committee, has availed to prevent the House from even discussing any measure of revenue reform. It is Eis adroitness as a parliamentarian, combined with his party fidelity, which has gained him the leadership of the minority in the House of Representatives and put him fairly on his promotion as a candidate for the Presidency. . . Mr. Garfield being thus merely an average Republican candidate—a mran whose strength in no way transcends the party strength, as does General Grant’s strength. for example, will for the reasons we have given fail to command even the party strength in the all-important States of New York and Pennsylvania. But-the Democrats will be even more helped by the scarcely credible folly of the Republicans in nomjnating General Arthur for the ‘Vicé-Presi%-ency. General Arthur is not only as much as Governor Cornell the embodiment in the imagination of ‘the Republican scratchers of the machine politics. which chiefly excite the aversion of Independent Republicans, but General Arthur’ now does not even 'rei}{)resent - the Republican machine. He has had a bitter quarrel, as is perfectly well -known in his own State, with those machinists who control the State administration, and the charter by which he proposed to deprive this city of any share .in its own goverment was® defeated simply because he was known to be in favor of it. It is.certain that he will get no help in his canvass from Governor Cornelf whom he did more than any ather person to elect. His nomination simply ‘proves how entineiy\ignorant“golitioinns may be of State gglitxcs in other States than their own. He was nominated, of course, to strengthen the ticket in New York, and there is scarcely another conspicuous Republican in the State who

could have so badly weakened It at eo many points. , ‘ The Chicago Convention, we repeat. has opened to the Democrats the road to _t.l*e White House.—N. Y. World.

James Abraham' Garfield--<His Life,

. The New York World gives the following sketeh of the life of James A Garfield, the Republican candidate for the Presidency : . 5 : :

The full name of the Republican nominee is JammAbraham Garfield. He wasborn November 19, 1831, about fifteen miles from Cleveland. His father, Abraham Garfield, had emigrated from New York. There were three other children. The father died when James was O(Ply three yearsold, leaving the family dependent upon a small farm and the exertions of theé mother. Mrs. Garfield, the mother, is still living at an advanced age. She is a woman of strong will, stern principles and more than average force of character. Of the children no one besides James has made the slightest mark in the world. The older brother is a farmer in Michigan and the two sisters are farmers’ wives. 1 James toiled hard on the farm and also worked at the carpenter’s bench in the winter. But-he had an ambition to get an eduecation. The Ohio Canal ran net far from where he lived, and, finding that the boatmen got their pay in cash and earned better.wages than he could make at farming or carpentry, he hired out as a driver on the towpath and soon.got up to the dignity of holding the helm of a boat. ‘Finally be decided to go to a school called Geauga Academy, in an adjoining county. By working at the carpenter’s bench mornings and evenings and vacation times, and teaching country schoois during the winter, he managec to attend the academy during the spring and fall terms and to save a little money toward going to college. - : Before he wentto college Garfield had connected himself with the Disciples, a sect having a numerous membersh? in [Eastern and Southern Ohio, Western Virginia and Ken‘tucky, whereits founder, Alexander Campbell, u‘:avcled and greached. The principal peculiarity of the denomination was its refusal to formulate beliefs into a creed, the indepet;,dence of each: congregation, the hospitali gand fraternal feeling of the members and the lack of a rewlar ministry. He’ worked his way through Williams College with credit. When he returned to Ohio he joined the struggling little college of the young Campbellite sect at Hiram, Portage County, near his boyhood’s home. He became it§ professor of Latin and Greek, and: in two years was appointed President of the college. He. frequently spoke on Sundays in the churches of the towns in the vicinity to create an interest/in the college. Among the Disciples any onf can preach who has a mind to do 80, no ordination being required. During his professorship Garfield married Miss Lucretia Randolph, daughter of a farmer in the neighborhood,. yvhose acquaintance be had madé v-hile at the academy, where she was also a pupil. The marriage was a love atfair on both sides, and has been a thoroughly happy one. In 1859 the college President was elected to the State Senate. Early inthe summer of 1861 he was elected Colonel of an infantry regiment in Northern. Ohio. He took the field in Eastern: Kentucky, from whence he was transferred to Louisville, and trom that place to the army' of General Buell. He participated in the second’ day’s fighting at Pittsburg Landing. He took part in the siege of Corinth and in the operations along the Memphis and Charleston Railroad. In January, 1863, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Army of the Cumberland, and bore a prominent share in all the campaigns in Middle Tennessee in the spring and summer ot that year. His last conspicuousimilitar% service was at the battle of Chickamauga. For his conduct in that battle he was promoted to a Major-Generalship. General Garfield was nominated to Congress while he was in the field in 1862. On entering Congress in December, 1863, General Garfield was pladed upon the Committee on Military Atfairs. He took an active part in the debates of the House and won a recognition which, few new members succeed in gaining. He was not popular among his fellow-members during his first term. They thought him somewhat of a pedant because he -sometimes showed his scholarship in his speeches. His committe® service during his second term was on the Ways and Means. He was renon}i'nat.ed in 1864 without opposition, but in 1866 “there was an effort made to defeat him, b%he contin‘ued to be re-clected. | :

General Garfield is the possesser of two homes—one on the corner of Thirteenth and 1 streets, in Washington, and the other 'in a summer house on Little Mountain, a bold elevation in Lake'County which commandsa view of thirty miles of rich farminé country stretched along the shore of Lakfi: rie, with a farm lying on both sides of the Lake Shore and ‘Michigan Southern Railroad: Cleveland isonly twenty-five miles away and the pretty town.of Painesville, named after Mr. Henry B. Payne, is but five miles distant. . . S aNe

He was, like _ Blaine and Colfax, badly smirched by the Credit Mobilier investigation. The Credit Mobilier wasa joint-stock company founded in Paris November 18, 1852, under the lead of the brothers Emile’ and Isaac-Pereire, and on the principlel of linrited liability for the transaction of a general banking business, to facilitate the construction of public works and: to develop ‘national industry. On the model of this company the title of **Credit Mobilier of America”’ was 'adopted by a joint-stock company organized in May, 1863, with a capi--tal of $2,500,000. 1n January, 1867, the charter baving been purchased by a .company organized. for the _construction of. the Union Pacific Railroad, the stock was increased to $3,7560,000, and afterwards rose to. a %reat value, paying enormous dividends. In 1872, in the course of legal proceedings in Pennsylvania respecting the ownership of stock, it appeared that several members: of Congress, including James A. Garfield as well as VicePresident Colfax, were unavowed stockholders. This caused a great political 'scandal, as it had often been held to be highly improper for a member of Congress to be pecuniarily interested in a corporation the profits of which might be largely and directly affected by his vote on bills concerning it. The fact that a Presidential canvass was in progress in which several ot the persons implicated took an active part added interest and excitement to the subject. The result was aCongressional investigation in the session of 1872-3. In 1873 both the House and Senate Committees made reports. When the House Committee said in their report-that none of the Congressmen implicated S\lppOSedvf,‘%t;be' was guilty of any impropriety or even elicacy in becoming a purchaser of the stock,’” the public read the exculpation with in(;p,(gdlfip_ty and amazement. The public was astonished and confounded when the Committee went on to say that*‘had it appeared that these gentlemen were aware of the enormous dividends upon their stock, and how they were earned, we could not acquit them.” The evidence had shown that five or six members of Congress, including Garfield, had owned Credit Mobilier stoek, that they’ had purchased it of Oakes Ames, had received enormous dividends on it, and had resorted to subterfuge to conceal their transactions. .As Ames was judged guilty of bribery and thought to deserve expulsion for selling the stock in this manner to these Congressmen, the public c¢ould not understand how one of the parties to these corrupt transactions could be guilty, like Ames, and the. other parties, like Garfield, innocent./ ; : ) When Oakes Ames had been censured by the House February 27. 1873, Mr. Fernando Wood offered the following resolution: Resolved, That the House absolutely condemns the conduct of Samuel Hooggrgand Henry L.Dawes, of Massachusetts: William D. Kélley, of Pennsylvania; Glenni W. Scofield, of Pennsylvania; James A. Garfield and John A. Bingham, of Ohio, members of the House of Representatives, inasmuch as they became interested in the Credit Mobilier of America, & contracting company for the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad, and continued to be so interested at a time when gaid corporation was dependent on the legislation of (?ongress for its maintenance and support. 5 % Mr. Samuel J. Randall made the Egint of, order that a resolution of censure should be, confined to one individual, :

The Speaker sustained the point of order and stated the reasons for the ruling. -Subsequently, the House, mainly by a party vote, refused to take any action against Mr. Garfield. The World, on Fepruary 28, .1873, commenting on this action editorially, said: « The tenderness of the House toward its oftending members is-one of the most alarming signs of the times. It confirms the prevalent imgressmn that %re_at railway corporations and othér moneye corForations are omnipotent in'controlling legislative bodies, and that members of Congress, like members of the State Legislatures, are the willing tools of great corporations which have money enough to bui them. The most t{)rostrating blow ever struck at popular confidence in legislative fiurity was dealt yesterday by theaction of the ouse: in /screeui:n% its members from degerving punishment.. The great question of the immediate future is the emancipation of Congress and| the State Legislatures from the corrupting influence of great corporations.” - Ever sinice that time General Garfield has rested under this imputation, and no full defense to the charge has ever been made. -He was also accused of being: Yrivate coungel for a contractor.-named De Golyer, who had a claim before Congress, and that while Garfield was Chairman of the Committee of Appropriations, the counsel fees were $5,000.

‘The Report on the ‘‘Exodus.”

The majority report of the Senate Select Committee on the causes of the Exodus, is a- docnment which the stalwart sneerers at the investigation and the manufacturers of outrages will find very difficult to wrestle with. The conclusion of the Committee that the exodus is largely due to the stimulating influence of aid societies in Washington, Topeka and Indianapolis, is comparatively of small importance; but the facts detailed to show that emigration was not due to the causes which the stalwarts have put forward in explanation of it, are very significant and convincing. The conclusion of the Committee that there was no deprivation of political rights or any Hardshig in condition to which discontent could legitimately be traced, and the facts upon which that conclusion is based, are especially significant: On thisi\l})oi-nt the Committee say. speaking of North Carolina, the State to which A\ttention was first directed: \

A minute examination into the situation of the colored men shows that the average rate of wages, according to the age and sirength of the hand, for field labor, was from $% to $l5 permonth, including board and’ honse to live in, and garden and truck patches around the house, tirrwood and gerinin other privile res, all rent tree. - Those, added to the extra labor wags, which could be earned by hands during the season -of githerinz turpentine and rosin, or of picking ¢otton, muade the gencéral average of compensation for labor in that State quite equal to, it not better, than the average in any Northern State to which these people were %oin*!, to say nothing of the climate of North Carolina, which was infinitely better adapted to them. The closcst serutiny could detect no outrare or violence. in:iicted upomn their political rights in North Carolina for many years past. They all testified that they voted freely; that their: votes were counted fairly; that no improper inttuence whatever was exerted over them, and that many were acquring real estate, and were enjoying precisely the same privileges for education that the whites were enjoying. .

~ Concerning the alleged mistreatment of the colored people in courts of justice the Committeé says:

The Committee have ascertained that in many of the districts of the South the courts were under entire Republican control, judges, prosecuting attorneys, -sherifts, ete., all being Republicans, and that they were generally as many complaints ® frome- districts thus controlled as there were from districts which were under the control of Democratic officials, and that the whole of .the complaints taken togethermight be said to be such as are generally made by the ignorant, who fail to receive in courts what they think is justice. Your Committee found no State or County in the South into which this investigation extended wherc colored ,persons were excluded from juries either in theory or in practice. They found no County or District in the South where they were excluded, either in theory or practice, from their share in'the management of county affairs and of the control ()g county government.”_On the contrary, wherever their votes were in 8 majority, we found .that the offices welre most generally divided among the people or among white people of their choice. Frequently we fournd the schools to be controlled by them, and especially:that portion of the school fund which was allotted to their race; and the complaints which' have been so often made of excessive punishment of the blacks Dy the courts, as compared with the whites, upon investigation proved to be either unfounded in fact, or, if there was an apparent excess of punishment of” a black man, the causewas ascertained to be in the ‘mature of the crime with which he was charged'or.in:-the attendant circumstances. b 2

The Committee found the educational advantages at the South insufficient, and far inferior to those at the North. But they found the school privileges, such as they were, shared equally by white and black; and they found also that the school funds were divided fairly- according to numbers. Of the political outrages the Committee say:

With regard to the political outrages which have formed the staple of complaint for many years against the people of the South, youricommittee diligently inquired and have to report that they found nothing, or almost nothing, new, Many old stories were revived or dwelt upon by zealous witnesses, but very few indeed ventured to say that any considerable violence or outrage had been exhibited toward the colored people of the South within the last few years, and still fewer of all those who testified on this subject, and who were evidently anxious to make the most of it, testified to' anything as - within their own knowledge. It was all hearsay. and nothing but hearsay, with rare exceptions.

After an examination of the relations existing between landlord and tenant at/thé South, which. they find in exeeptional cases disadvantageous to the latter, the Committee express the opinion that ¢¢the condition of the colored people of the South is not only as good as could have -been reasonably expected, but is better than as if large communitigs were transferred to a colder and more inhospitable climate, thrust into competition with a different system of labor, among strangers who are not accustomed to them, their habits ¥ thought and action, their idiosyncrasies and their feelings.”” They add, in concluding this branch of the report:

While a gradual migration, such as circumstances dictate among the white races, might, benetit the individual black man and his family, as it does those of the whites, we cannot but regard this wholesale attempt to transter a people without means ‘and without intelligence from the homes of their nativity in this manner as injurious to the people of the South, injurious to the people and laborsystem of the State where they go, and more than all injurious to the last degree to the black people themselves. That there is much in their condition to be deplored in the South, no one will deny: that that condition is gradually and steadily improving in every respect is really. true. : : ; : : ’ y Such a report, from such a source, cannot fail to have a marked effect in molding public opinion respecting the true; condition of the colored man at the South, whatever eftect it may haveupon the ¢‘exodus.”’—Deiroit Free Press.

~ ——The connection of General Garfield with the Credit Mobilier case could not be expected, of course, to-stand in] the way of hisselection by a convention: which had devoted itself for nearly a week to dickering over a Presidential nomination. And really it is only fair to say that there was nothing in it, so far as the official records @f the House show, at all worse' than the conduct of Mr. -Russell and Mr. Warner Miller, the ““wood-pulp” members. of the present Congress, who openly represent a monopoly in which they are interested and tight to keep it up.—N. Y. World.:

" ——The twenty thousand Republicans - who rebelled against Conkling’s dictatorship last fall are not very likely to be attracted to the support of the ticket: which the name of Mr. Conkling’s first lientenant is expected to recommend to - them. .Mr. Con;kling has, however, measurably succeeded in snubbing the present National Administration of his party, and this is a very great satisfaction to him, althougly/ it is not likely to increase the chances of suweegss in the State of New York—a State which the Republicans must carry to win.—-Brook-lyn Eagle. e : |

—Acgording to Dr. Frankland, the persistence of London fogs is due to the fact that the minute vesicles of watér formi‘n% the fog become covered with a thin oily coating, from the smoke of coal, thus preventin§ evaporation even in a comparatively dry state of the atmosphere. : : e

INDIANA STATE NEWS.

. NEAR the Dubois County line the fxm{ly of J. A. Green was poisoned through the grossest_carelessness of the cook. In kneading bread she worked arsenie into the dough instead of baking-powder, the drsenic having been carelcssly left gin the cupboard by Mrs. Green. ; The five . members of the family, including the cook, had a narrow es‘spe from death. o A i

THE approximate, table of -assessment of real and perfonal- property in Marion County foots up $67,934,460, with 17,733 polls. - Last year the total was, $95,000,000, but. then real estaté was appraiséd on the basis of 1875, This total will be increased from fifteen to twentyfive per cent., it is thought, by the State Board of Equalization.: -0, ¢ 0 T 4 WASHINGTGN STEWART, & colored man over 101 years old, died in an Indianapolis hospital onthe 21st - L vl ixii el S

THE Republicaus of the Tenth District have nominated Colonel Mark Demott. of -Valparaiso, for Congress. e B IT is estimated ;that seventeen tons of fish were taken from the canal atlndianapolis the otherday when the water was shutoff. - AN eight-year-old son of John Wingard, living ‘& short- distance from Auburn. was drowned the other evening while bathing in a creek. - His body was recovered shortly afterward.: . . - S SH e ei e o

SMITH & RaNpoLrru’s saw-miil near Co- ° lumbia City was burned on tlie morning of the 21st: Loss, $2,500:, -~ = . i s A COLD-BLOODED murder was pérpetrated at Mace, a village six miles east of Crawfordsville, on the night of 20th about nine o’clock. ' Mathew Caiu called at the house of Henry Tyler; the two men stood conversing at t.he{t gate, upon what subject is unknown, when Cain suddenly drew forth a dagger and stabbed Tyler in the throat. The wound was & mortal one. After committing the deed Cain fléd to his own house, removed his shirt, which was covered with blood, and escaped to the WOORR. i e e

- It has beén discovered at Indianapol's that two little: street-lamp lighters in the northeast part of the city are girls. - They claimed that their father c¢ompelled them ‘to assume male attire, and thereby. save ‘ehu&‘s;;ving a hand to do the work. S B

THE Supreme Court has ovérthrown the re- - cently adopted Constitutional Amcudments. The opinion of the. Court. was rendeded by - Judge Biddle, Judges Hawk aud Warden concurring, and Judges Niblack dnd Scott dissenting.. The opinion’is very leugr and Teviews the history of the amendmengs fully, . and ¢oncludes as follows: .~ - “ This court finds that it' requires at lesst a majority of dll thesvates east 4t the same clec-tion-to ratify a Constitutiona: amendment. We also hold that as the act ot Mareh, 10, 1579, is defective in not gg’\vidi_ng- for the ¢ountof the aggregate number of. votes cast throughout the State on the day of eleetion, or inm not providing some means to find out the whole: number of votes:- cast, by which it might be learned what. proportion -the number cast in favor of the ratitication bore 1o ‘the whole number, there is. no source from wiich this court ean ascertain whether the amendment received a majority of all the votes cast at the election or not. -As the amendment was subrmitted on the day: of the generil spring elections throuflmut. the State. and asthere - were w . officers to eléect at: the same timein the various counfies, it must be presumed that other votes than’ those for or against the amendment were cast the same time. From the pe&uiiar ballots used in' votring upon the amendments many Electors may have voted “ No” and *‘Yes” dWpon the guestion of the amendment, whi¢h vote «-qui?l not be counted. - Such also would be counted im estimating the whose number of Electors voting. ‘lt is'also held that the Censtitution must - remain as it was before the amendment was submitted until it shall. affirmativeiy. appear that the amendment ig ratified. As i 1 does not thus affirmatively appear, we fust hold that the amendment I 8 not ratified by “a -Constitutional majority. 'The opinion, ther¢idre, of the court is that it requires & mgjority of the electorsof the State to ratify an amendment tothe Constitutiont, but that the ' whole - numdber of votes cast at the election at which the amendmentis submitted must be taken as the number of electors in the State. :

.. * The writer gf this opinion. speaking for himself, holds that it requires the votes of a . majority of the electors of the State to ratifya Constitutional amendment. He thinks that this is not only the plain words used in Section one of Article ten of the Constitution. but that - it was also the manifest intention ot the framers of the Constitution, as ascertained by the proceedings of the Convention. He also holds that the number of electors of a Stale is & public fact which the courts. must’ ascertain without averment of proof, whenever it is necessary to a decision of thé cause, For this gufiposé.a court’ may look to the archives of he State, to the official returns of general State elections, to:' the legisiative action and ‘the - : proclamations of the ' Executive.” He ‘does not mean that a court’ must know the exact numbeg, which on account of death and coming of age is not the same during any twenty-four hours, and what is impossible to do ‘is not reqéuired : to be done. The Ex‘actical meaning -of - the phrase, “All the Electors of the State, i substantially ‘the number who vote at general = State elections, and the number whose votes- . are officially returmed by the sworn oécen, into the office of the Secretary of State. This number need not necess&fifinclude the electors who are sick, absent m the State or prevented from - ’%oing‘ to the polis.: The | construction -must be. such as his a sensible application to the affiirs of men rather .than one of abstract numbers or theory. The “history of a State,the number of its inhiabitants and its official statistics are;pub[i(ms_kn ‘to all persons and never n to% e. . averred or proved in judicial proceedings. He also held that if the whole number of votes cast at a given election should be less than the whole number of electors of the State thus - interpreted, the latter number being the Constitutional guide, would govern the former. Having only ‘t&e aqthorl_ts: of legisiative sction for the number cast it might bear,‘a.mvery ! considerable proportion to the whole nu : of electors in the State. "In the og)inion of this . Court the consequence spokenof in the argument of this dedision can’at . mpst bebuta tempor&lgi)' inconvenience. We. perceive no irregularity in the proposal of the amendment for ratification. It has simpghno,t, been ratified, and not been rejected. The vote upon it was ineffectual for want of the Constitutm majority. We see no reason why the Genet : Assembly may not re-submit the amendment to the electors of the State under an amended act, such as experience may prove to be suffi--cient to the Courts; if it ever should arise again.” - s ot W

REv. W. R. HALSTEAD, President, 3nd Prof._ Ocg, Vice President, of DePauw Female Col~ lege at NewgAlbany, have resigned. = -

- THERE will be a general meeting of the Morton Monument - Association, at Indianapolis, September 1, to pass upon all designs, models or suggestions that may be presented by the various sculptors competing for the contract to erect the statue of the late Senator Morton. = e e :

At Muncie on the evening of the 23d, Thomas Parry took a cramp while bathing and was drowned. i CEG e e Tue Indianapolis grain quotations are: Wheat,No. 2 Red, [email protected]; Corun, 35@351¢e; Oats, 27@30c. The Cincinnati quotationsare: Wheat, No. 2, Red, 95@9%%c; Corn, 3%@393c; Oats, 30@31c: Rye; 823¢@823{c: Barley, New Fall, @906, e d i

—ln Titusville. Pa., a few davs a, Mrs. Joseph Bushnell died fmxgam effects of kissing the dead body of her father ten ,da.ylsn%éfqre, ‘while attending his funeral in Pittsburgh. wher died of erysipelas, and at the titae mentioned she ‘had a sore on ‘her lips, through which her blood was poisoned. Her little daughter Ella, is not expected to live from kissing her mother. . “ “'——‘——_“.‘.——"'——“_“ - — ¥ % —Two taxpayers of Baltimore came into court the other day and demanded that their agsessments be increased, the the one by an -additional $30,000 and the other a plump SIOO,OOO. It was so ordered. re SR :