Locomotive, Volume 47, Number 6, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 December 1858 — Page 1

"The Chariots shall rage In the streets, - they shall seem like torches, they shall run like the lightnings." A'uWi," , 4. Frlnteis and Publishers. VOL XLVII. INDIANAPOLTS, INI). SATURDAY,-DECEMBER 25,-1858. AO. C.

ELDER & HARKNESS,'

T II K L O C ( Itl O T I V K "15 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY ELDER & HARKNESS, At their Book and Job Printing Office, on Meridian Street, Indianapolis, Ind.. opposite the Post Office. 1 TERMS One Dollura your. Twenty-five Cunts for thren months. Six copies to one luldress for one year, Kive Dull urn; thirteen copies one your for Ten Dollars, ffp.n idvam k in am. UABKS.eJJX ' o pape r w i 11 bo sent until pmd for, amino pupur wil 1 be continued after the time paid for expires, unless - renewed. . Look out for tub Gkoss. All mail and county subscribers can know Iheirtime is out w hen they see a large cross marked on their paper, and that is always the last paper sent until tho subscription is renewed. , . - t i terus or advertising: ! ,';

. One square, (8 lines, or less, 250 ms,) for I week:... ' for each subsequent insertion , i;) for three months - . " for six months.... - fur one year, without alteration ....... . ' tl for one year, with frequent chiinpos . ... , A small reduction made on larger advertisements, 0.50 0 25 3.00 5.00 fi.WI 12.00 Cuts Jtnd Special Notices double the above rates. Legal advertisements publisliad tit the expense of the Attorneys ordering tin in, and payment is due when tho publication Is made. ?io extra charge made for furnishing nllidavit of publication. We will not he iiceountable for the accuracy of legal advertisements. TVy Advertisements m ttst be handed in by Thursday of each week, or they mill be deferred u utit the next issue. unpitovjrcn 8 P E C T A C'L-E S! '' THE BUST. I IV DUE. VjnHESK Glasses are inn-lo of THK PPRKST MATKR1AL. I Bin! ground upon SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES. Ami not only pive clear and distinct vision, but are li'urlily endowed wilii the properly of preserving Hie night. Ollice No. D West Washington street, up stairs. oct2. J . IS . OSGOOD,. HOUSE, SIGN & ORNAMENTAL PAINTEK, (iLAZIHK, Ac. Ky. Jlvenue fourth door south of McOuaVs Xcv Block. - INDIANAPOLIS, I!N1. junel2-ly. , ; , WATER COOI-EKS. WINCIIF.M.'S Patent Water Cooler, a full assortment now opening. Boqiicl Water Coolers, 2, 3, 4 and 5 pillions. . Landscape Water Cooler, 2, 3, 4 and 5 galls. , Plain Water Coolers, a, 3, 4 and 5 galls. - For sale at Manufacturers prices, freight and boxing added. JACOB LINIH.EY. . logo. No. 16 West Washington U ' T . Indianapolis, Ind. - LOOKING IASSKS. FULL ussortment consisting in part of Gilt Glasses from ., Brown wood and gill from to . ... Rose wood and gilt from , .....' ' Mahogany from ' A 22 x 13 , 4(1 X 20 22 X 13 28 x 10 23 x 13 28 x 16 ' 1 8 x 10 2(1 X 36 . JACOB MNDI.EVS. No. 16 West Washington Street, Indianapolis, Ind. - to This day received at ap.23. E. I. B.UDWH & CO., ; -J'E'WU L e it"s:rNo. t Hates House. , miHANKFl'l FOR PAST FAVORS, would respectfully beg I leave to inforni the public that they are still on hand with their usual full assortment or every thing in the way of AVatches, Jewelry, Silver Ware, Ac. "' We wish It distinctly understood that we do not keep the low priced, bogus Watches and Jewelry, gotten up for auction sales; but will guarantee to sell good, honest articles as low as can possibly be had elsewhere in the West. OurSilwr Hreis warranted equal to Coin; our Wank, bound to go and keep time and all our goods just what we represent them to bo. For further prooi can aim examine iut 3 . We have the liest WiTi iiMAKER in the country ploy; so bring on your Watches. .-- lu our em- : fel2tf ' '. . KEMOVSiI. F' II. VA.TES has removed his New Store, No. 21, West "Washington street, opposite Brownings Drug More, where he keeps constantly on hand, the largest and Best Assorted StocK of Hardware in the City, at Ilcdnccd Prices. ' He has lust received a large lot of Gum lieltinfr, Rope and B1ck Ax! Nails. Locks, Hinges, Polished Fir.SeU., Ame, Shovels, Fine Cutlery, &C. J . I A IS IS , venitian Blind Manufacturer, 3 Squares North of Court liouse, on Alabama street. Keens constantly on hand Blind, for Dwelling Hoi - mm ses. and also makes to order Blinds lor punnc or ,.n- !."?' LONG?A"'gcntt..r Venitian Blinds, on Meridian St , near ho Posl Office, at his Furniture v areroom jal31 r his tlianksto the Ladienand T ARES pleasure in r ;: . thelr very libtri;iili"iiicii i i , .....,. men 01 in is n". ' " . niln,in.w. i contldence he . rrdncehe commoted the practice of his profession '''AruSre'th, from one to a full set, inserted on Platlna, GpV.torVaen,ien given to .regniaUng cleaning, and extracting Teeth. K.her given when omoe ,tor, Fletcher & WWK"'" Wtt'hi"Sl" 8lree'Oct. 24-tf , rTTt.. . Fruit ami Ornamental Kurscry. T HEiin-lersigne-l nave Ls... .... r jiulsforinerl. ..,,.,1 hnve estsblisnen tnoniseives ... u,, ery business on ino .- .,,,..,. nf , . corporation occupied by Aaron Al-renge. .." ; ,,, .rfmentnf line, inoiiinapoiis pons. K, . i.,..H to our Soil .Hill w i.vn on hand a general fruit trees, oi sue. -". ...... Also a very Climax. " ' . . m...,M.n. Tf? VV 6 a re now reau, ... .,A- of Ofnainental Slir'bberv. to All all order, promptly. ALs;G0Lr)RM1TI . Co Indianapolis, Ind. OFFICE, Harrison's New Bank Building, 19 East Wasl.in O "street, second n ,.f ron t ro. KT Office hours from 8 A M. to a r. WALKING WE have Just received a large 'aV Ivry-heade-l canes, at ' t!iimT CO'S. , .,,.,! nrPOT. Crr of Georei JZS .opposite in i,"-." lunn. THE undersigned. Agents o r e. - -- ,, , ' . ,. T..lnil 1,11-IIOW. OI Lawrence liceliurir, n.ue .. i rr,ni lie bcsl V de from the best amount of Sash .. ,. fronts, show win water seasoned cw-Y ork wniic a u,. door frames dowa. circular .a.h, ?-('n'2 flo0,""t window frames, cornice, baseboards. t begi,iS to buildinir. Circnlarsawing-toney i - er. n as short . i.litio-q of nnv kind in Ine oesi ...(.....linolain n-iiircs .in-. . ivnr.,also prepared . . i: ., ,.tin IPWm- . - .. . 'I ,n,i! lllll-mt ' "ft nonce as any oilier esi.i misn i..v.... . r prices and iato build would do well to call an-l XB " , itractine else-

eilitiesrordoinitaiid ruriiisnniK "' '- , v.e vears in tins where. Havine been enraged for twen i , een. place, e would just refer to lliecifzensaiin & era!. mS2-Jy

[From Harper's Weekly.] INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE MORMONS. FROM OUR UTAH CORRESPONDENT. GREAT SALT LAKE CITY, <Sept>. 11, 1858. I SEND you herewith representations of the Social Hall, Council House, Candland's Saloon, and the store of Livingston, Kinkead, & Co. The Social Hall is used both as a church and theatre. This need not seem strange, when it is remembered how theatrical all Mormon religious services are, from baptism up to the endowment—the most shocking of all their institutions. Nothing is more eratic [sic] than a Mormon church service. It is the post-oflice, newspaper, legislature, Bible, almanac, temporal, spiritual, and social director of tho people. There is no kind of order as to the progamme [sic] of performances, reading, singing, praying, preaching, reading letters, or any thing else may come first; in many respects the service resembles a political meeting—the speakers talk to the people, and the people frequently question the speakers. But though there is all this absence of form and seeming freedom of expression, nevertheless the harangues of the preachers amount strictly to this: they declare that faith and obedience are the chief christian [sic] virtues, that Brigham is a prophet, that they know it of their own absolute and certain knowledge; they testify to the miracles that he has performed, that they have beheld said miracles, and know of certain truth that he did perform them. Some of the silliest things in the world are narrated as marvelous miracles performed by Brigham. The speakers then labor to make the people believe that their present and prospective prosperity, as wall [sic] as their eternal felicity, depend entirely and absolutely upon their believing and obeying the prophet Brigham. Young will then get up, and for a time talk love to

his "dear brethren;" then in the name of the Lord of Hosts he will command them to do this or to do that, which they will do, of course, under peril of eternal condemnation. This applies both to matters of credence or religious faith. Sometimes this command is addressed to a particular part or class of the audience Thus when Brigham was building his splendid Lion House, which is said to have cost fifty thousand dollars, as it was nearly completed, one day in a sermon he held this language; "I have a misson [sic] for you carpenters to perform. Are you willing to do it? Now I want every one of you who is to hold up his right hand. The right hand of every carpenter in the audience was raised. " In the name of the Lord, and by the authority of the holy priesthood, 1 command you to shingle the Lion House!" roared Brigham. The carpenters were fairly caught in a net woven by their own right hands. They complained, but obeyed, so Brigham got his house shingled tor nothing. At almost every meeting will be seen, near by the prophet, writing at a desk, the reporter, George J. Ramsby. He is quite an able man; but I can never look at him without remembering the fact: Ramsby wanted to marry his cousin—he took her to the prophet for him to make the unhappy twain a happy unit. Brigham looked upon the damsel, who stood before him so delicately fair and blushingly modest; his desire went out unto her; whereupon he refused to unite in the holy bonds of matrimony the betrothed lovers, but immediately took the beautiful girl to his own bosom as Mrs. Brigham Young seventeenth, Disconsolate Ramsby submitted with the best grace he could to having his spouse elevated to the bed of a live prophet; but Brigham, after enjoying a honeymoon of a fortnight, called Ramsby to him one day, and said he had been thinking the matter over, and had finally overcome his scruples as to the marriage of cousins, so that Ramsby might marry his beautiful cousin any time he wanted to. Ramsby accepted the proposition, and of Mrs. Brigham Young seventeenth and himself there was instantly "made one flesh." Poor Ramsby! Mayhap, though he likes it. Brigham's objections to marrying cousins were all gammon, for he had previously declared in church that the time was shortly coming when his son by one wife could marry his daughter by another wife without giving offense to any one. It is a very common practice here for a man to marry two sisters on the same night. Brigham, ever since his return from the South to Salt Lake City, has kept secreted in his fortified and guarded house; from his hiding-place he issued an order to have the Gospel locked up for a season, so we have had no preaching since. The only meeting that I know of as being held here took place on a Sunday evening, a few weeks since, m the Social Hall. It continued about half an hour, when word was taken that some Gentiles were approaching, whereupon the audience was dismssed [sic] in the middle of a speech by somebody. That which most enttitles [sic] the Social Hall to public notoriety, however, is the peculiar kind of meetings that have ordinarily been held therein every Saturday afternoon. They are meetings of a kind unprecedented in history. The gross and shocking vulgarity there indulged in, entitle them to abiding and eternal condemnation. Heber C. Kimbal—the vilest mouthed man in all Mormondom, the man who rolls sin and loathsome lust like a sweet morsel under his tongue— presides at these meetings. The Council House is the large square building seen at the right of the next engraving. It is built of stone, and is rather a fine structure. It fronts on Temple Block, where a million of dollars (in labor and money) have been burried [sic] in the sand, for the foundation of the Temple is not yet above the earth. The scene from the top of te Council House is very beautiful. That position gives one a view of the entire city; the valley for a hundred miles norh [sic] and south; the rough and ragged Wasach Mountains on the east, their summits crowned with eternal snow; the West Mountains on the west, with ridge rising behind ridge, and peak above peak, rolling away as far as the eye can see, into the blue ethereal sky. It also commands a prospect of Great Salt Lake, with the vast islands in it, and the great American desert beyond. That Lake is an incomprehensible curiosity. It evi- dently covered, at one time, the whole valley around for hundreds of miles. It has been, ever since its discovery, and is still, rapidly retireing from the land or drying up, though it has no apparent outlet, and several large rivers of fresh water flowing into it. It is certainly a much greater curiosity than Niagara Falls or the Dead Sea: instead of being below the surface of the ocean, like the latter, it is four thousand two hundred feet above it. Three pails of water make one pail of salt. It is the purest and most beautiful salt I ever saw, being white as the driven snow. I have laved in Salt Lake many times. One can not sink in the water by any device, nor is the attempt to do so very pleasant, for the water is so strongly impregnated with salt, that, if it enters the mouth, eyes, or nostrils, it stings and burns like so much fire. When the equatic [sic] luxuriator gets any of this water into his mouth or nose, it is necessary for him to make for fresh water in the quickest possible time or he may be strangled. Persons have been so completely strangled in Great Salt Lake that they have drowned in water not above their arms. Beautiful springs of fresh water border upon the Lake, while the adjoining mountains nave large quantities of petrified salt in them. The lake is eighteen miles from Salt Lake City. There is no spot in Salt Lake Valley where one enjoys a finer prospect, or more cammanding [sic] view, than from the top of the Council House. The upper story of the building is divided into halls, in which some very noted meetings have been held. It was there the United States Commissioners met the Mormon dignitaries and held counsel with them. Curious

scenes were then and there enai.tcd. How the Mor. . nions swore, and foamed, and boasted, and brag-rod, and blackguarded, has all been made public One !

Snow, a man of uh ert;to in tlu Mormons cimrvh, ! ' - . . r . , sixike of the President's M ... lirir ia i.f legitimate to lie publislied in a newspaper, l-oinnn-sioner Powell gave him a most scathing rebuke for it. But Snow ro-iu again, ami began a- follows: " I say every word in this Mcsssage of the lVesidi nt is a lie a foul, slanderous, damned lie " Hiihl on there !" roared out Major M'Cullocli, who is but little accustomed to miking before assemblies, though, when ho does speak, he sends his word as directly anil Miintedly to the mark as he l---s his rihVballs, " that ain't proper talk, and I think you better keep cool any wav ; for you don't gain any thing by getting excited. Vou sav every word in the President's Me&sage is a H. Very well, then, why are you making all this fuss aliout it V But just read that last clause in the Message, which savs the army shall come iii here; now, if that is a lie, tin-re is no necessity of getting mad or excited about it ; but, I tell you, that army shall coino in here, and all hell can't stop it !" tinow, in the vulgar phrase of the Missouiians, "come the callfy." Thero was that in Major M't'ulloch's words that convinced everv Mormon present that the army would go in, and nothing could stop it. V'llen tho army entered the city it passed along the street right in front of the Council House. From early morning till late at night the troops, with colors flying and drums beating, hurried along the streets, followed by their vast trains of tho munitions of war. Not a man left his post, not nn animal strayed; but, step by step, as regularly as tho ticking clock, and steadily ns the westward-moving sun, the soldiers passed through tho city, crossed the Jordan, anil, on its further bank, washed the dust from off their feet, as a testimony against the city. The Mormons were much surprised at the perfect order and discipline of the army. There is no other building in the Territory which -will remain impressed so vividly upon the memory of Gentiles who are, or have been, here this year as Candland's Saloon. It is the little building seen between the Council House, on tho right, and the store of Livingston and Kinkcad, on the left of the accompanying illustration. For a long time that was the only house in all Salt Lake City where a man who was so wicked as to be a Gentilo could obtain a mouthful to eat. Brigham has nearly all tho money in the Territory, and he always lias his eyes open to every opportunity for making money, even though it bo in a small way. So, when the Gentiles began to Hock in here this spring, he took this saloon, and put a man in it to feed us at exorbitant prices, at the same time forbidding every one else from giving us food or shelter. That m;tn was one David Candland, a little speck of a fellow, got up in the neatest possible trim, with his 0'es eternally twitching, twitching, twitching. And I might here remark that I have never j et seen a Mormon but that something ailed his eyes. They are sunken, or dark, Or ghastly, or glaring. There is certainly some mania in all Mormon eyes ; none of them can look you straight or steadily in the face. Well, to return to Candland. He is a man of some note among the natives here ; he has been a missionary, a preacher, a theater manager, and a barber. . He never tol-l mo that he had been a barber; but then that is a elf-cviilcnt fact, for he could never have obtained htsniannCi'saTwheTerclse' than in a barber-shop. Well, our ex-host has seven wives (poor creatin e 1 for he don't seem capacitated to more than halt-attend to one,) but they have nover been seen within half a mile of tho saloon while the chivalric Gentiles were around ; not even so much as one of their skirts was ever seen. Hapless beings 1 I guess they have not got many apiece to be seen any where. - - Well, Mr. Candland furnished us good country eat ing three times a day at ever-varying; prices. In order to know what price wo were paying for board, we would have to ask him every day, and then we would probably miscalculate how much money we were eatinc at two meals out of the three. The custom was to pay our bills every Saturday ; but no one, when he went to settle his "bill, could ever tell what it would amount to. Sometimes we were charged a dollar and a half a day, two dollars a day, and three dollars a day. all in the same week. So no one over understood mathematics enough to make out tho bill but the very accommodating and very gentlemanly landlord. Besides this, he had a very smiling way of leaving him self indebted to his patrons to the small amount of half a dollar every Saturday, under the plea that "change was so very scarce ; that he "coulu not make chan etc. ; which small debt would be always and persistent ly forgotten before the ensuing Saturday. But then Candland, it must be remembered, has been the man ager of a Mormon theatre in the sacred City of Zion also an actor ; so his little peccadilloes arc not to bo wondered at ; ho was merely platiinn and I am sure we Gentiles received more than the worth of our mon ey in amusement. Our ex-missionary, ex-barber, exactor, cx-theatre manager, and now ex-host, used to practice a little on some of his old professions by occasionally sticking up handbills on his premises for us to read. One of these, I remembsr, read as follow : Fin consequence of the U.XUSCALLY bigh price of all kind of Provisions, and the COMBINED SCARCITY of the same, I am compelled to raise tho price of mv board. ' David Candland. Our pious, theatrical host did not inform us how high or how much he had raised the price ot our daily subsistence ; but he began early in the day to see how much his guests would bear. Putting on hii most accommodating barber-smile, he came along to a "knight of the quill," who was corresponding with one of your metropolitan contemporaries, and, taking him by the ami, walked ofl' a short distance, then said : " " I don't know how it is with you gentlemen of the press (I would not give any oll'cnse, you know) 1 don't know how it is with you about financial matters (I don t want to give any ollense,and 1 hope you won t take it as such) I merely wish to say (without giving any offense) that I don't know how you gentlemen of the press arc placed as to financial matters (I mean no offense) but I would add further that I have raised the price of board to three dollars a day ; and if you can't afford to pay it (I really don't want to say any thing that will give offense) if you can't afford to pay it, why I just thought I would tell you now, so you need not be embarrassed or dissatisfied bime-by." The party to whom this address was so kindly made had been round to several places in tho world, and doubtless believed that he was one of the great props of this mundate spheroid ; so he flew into a passion at our obeisant landlord for daring to presume, or even to think, that he had not money enough to pay for his board. Yes, he had money enough' to pay three dollars a day for his board, and to buy Candland, with his entire saloon. Instead of getting angry on his part our host seemed much pleased with this outburst of spirit from the "gentleman of the press;" for he felt that it was a satisfactory proof that twenty-one dollars a week for board would be stood. So his surprise and disappointment may be imagined, when, at noon, he found that nearly one side of the table had deserted and commenced keeping bachelor's hall. Down went his board to two dollars and a half a day instantly, j just as if there had been no " combined scarcity" of " unusually high-priced" provisions. Still many a ; pleasant meal was eaten at Candlaud's by many a hungry ijrentue. It was very amusing to behold the sceneihat follow ed the rinfing of the first bell for breakfast at Candland's. Gentiles, in every kind of dress or undress,

ble place from out ot carnages, irom , froui oil" the piazza, from under the piazza, lrom olt I be sidcwalks,and from out of the .'aniens allmaking

i'inr way oui 10 inu piim-r " ; r. -if . I ! t It v..ii u-ill liftticepaiticularly.the accompanying illustration, you will olnervu a slrca'm of water running along the side of the st reef, in front of the buildings : it is beautiful clear water from the mountains, which has been diverted from its original course and sent tumbling along down either side of all the streets that run north and south. The people obtain all their water out of these gutterbiiH.ks, which are likewise used for irrigating purposes. All the gardens in the city have to be irrigated ; for without irrigation they would be nothing but a barren bed of sand. The same is true of all the arable land in the valley. i Well, when the Gentile have crawled out from their holes, each takes his soap, towel, comb, toothbrush, and a small pocket looking-glass, and makes his toilet at the gutter. These little articles are most necessary ones to us voyagcurs in these barbaric regions; so, afier being used, they aro carefully rolled up and deposited in saddle-bags or trunks. Each per.-on then straps up his blankets or bedding, after which and fill Nr r l Hi wanH ill i lie L'uuri. j breakfast, he is ready to travel sixty or eighty miles luring the day, or to live lyingaroun-l loose oiu uoors. On the Fourth ot July, or rattier on me nun, ine Mormons in this citv irot very patriotic ; their band serenaded the Gentiles at Camlland's saloon, while heir national banner waved aloft from their principal niihlin-'s. Bv their national banner I do not mean the Deserot banner, not yet their rebellion banner ; for it must be reniein bered that on the iiin oi uuiy, lb57, the whole Mormon people declared themselves a nation independent of the United States, rebelled or swore themselves out from under the jurisdiction, control, protection, anil irovernnnmt of these United .States : nor yet do 1 mean our national uauner; 101- it ditlei s from ours iii havin-' a bee-hive and bees upon ' . - - .- ii i : it instead of being " star spangled." The Mormons iave m ooted the bee-hive as emblematical oi man. It is engraved upon their territorial seal ; a model beehive surmounts Brigham's mansion-house, while hives ire minted unon the tithin-'-house and oilier principal buildings in the city. Gentiles would consider the becnve nartieti arlv inappropriate as an enioiem oi mis Territory, since there is not a bee ill all Utah ; but the Saints are ever readv to overcome incongruities that. would master other people.' Thus their prophet, Brigham. has received a revelation direct God, instructing him where there is a mountain in the Territory full of honey where millions of bees have been lor millions of years (amidst eternal snow) depositing the sweet fruit of their sweaty labor in the exhumed oeuy oi tue mountain 1 . A Word to Fathf.hh. We have read a story of a little bov who when he wanted a new suit of clothes. begged his mother to ask his father if he might have it. The mother suggested that the boy might ask for it himself: I wouldsaid the boy, 'but I don't feel well enough acquainted wilh linn. There is a sharp re proof to that father in the reply of bis son. Many a fattier keeps his children so at a instance ironi mm. that they never feel confidentially acquainted with inn. They feel that ho is a sort ot monarch in the family; They feel no familiarity with him. They fear him, and respect linn, ami oven love mm some, ior children cannot help loving some, everybody about them, but tliey seldom get near enough to nun to ft intimate with him. They seldom go to him with their little wants and trials. Ihey approach him throii the mother. They tell her everything. They have a highway to her heart on which they go in and out with perfect freedom. In this keeping-tiff plan fathers are to blame. Children should be held ofl. Let them not conic near. Let them be as intimate with the lathe as mo: her. Let their little hearts be freely opened, It is wicked to freeze up the love fountains of little one's hearts. Fathers do thein an iniury by living with them as strangers. This drives many a child away from home, for the sympathy his heart craves. and often into improper society. It nurses discontents and distrusts which many a child docs not outgrow in his bletime. Open your hearts and your arms. Uh fathers; be free with your children, ask for their wants and trials; play with thein ; be fathers to them truly and then they will not need a mediator between them selves and you. Valley, l-armer. . Tub True Philosophy op Disease and Cure. We presume that many of our readers have perused work recently publislied by Phillips, Sampson & Co entitled " Brief Expositions of Rational Medicine; to which is prefixed the Paradise of Doctors, a lable, It is from the pen of that distinguished phvsieiati, D Jacob Bigclow. ' The. true philosophy of disease anenre is pertinently set forth m the two following br extracts "The vulgar estimate of the powers of medicino founded on the common acceptation of the name, that medicine is the art of curing diseases. That this is a false definition, is evident from the fact that many diseases arc incurable, and that one such disease must at last hannen to everv livin-r man. A far more iust de finition would be, that medicino is the art of understanding diseases, and of curing or relieving them when possible. If this definition were accepted, and its truth generally understood by the profession and the public, a weight of superfluous responsibility on one side, and of dissatisfaction on the other, would be lifted from the shoulders of both. It is because physicians allow themselves to profess and vaunt more power over disease than belongs to thein, that their occasional shortcomings are made a ground of reproach with the community, and of contention among themselves." And tho following: - " I sincerely believe that the unbiased opinion of most medical men of sound judgment and long expe rience is made up, that the amount of death and disaster in the world would be less, if all disease were left to itself, than it now is under the multiform, reckless and contradictory modes of practice, good and bad, with which practitioners of adverse denominations carry on their differences at the expense of their patients." Ixvention of Balloons. The admirers of crinoline will be proud to learn that the invention of balloons is owing to a similar contrivace. The French give a curious anecdote of a simple occurrence which led the inventor of such machines Montgolfier to turn his attention to the subject. It is to this effect: A washerwoman of the Rue aux Juifs, in the Marais, placed a petticoat on a basket-work frame, over a stove, to dry. In order to. concentrate all the heat, and to prevent its escape at the top, she drew the strings closely together which are used to tie it around the waist By degrees the stuff' dried, became lighter, and the stove continuing to heat and rarity the air concentrated under the frame-work, tho petticoat began to move, and at last rose in the air. The washerwoman was so astonished that she ran out to call her neighbors; and they, seeing it suspended in the air, were amazed. One individual, however, a simple pa per-maker troui Annonay, named Montgolher, as much astonished, but more sensible, than the others, return ed home, and without loss of time, studied the works of Priestly on different kinds of atmospheres. Ihe result was, the manufacture of the first balloon, called Montgolfier's, of which he was the inventor. As the nautilus probably gave the idea of a sailing vessel, so also do very simple causes otten produce great and un-

NORTH AND SOUTH THE CONSERVATIVE "

WEST. Judge Walker, of the New Orleans Iklla, did not side uuifing us, as our predecessor in the Knuuirrr. without pioliting himself with a practical observation of how our people of tho great West stood in relation in the iio.smuy which exists ueiween lite noruiernan-i southern sections of tho country. Illustrative of his observations and convictions, take tho following extracts from one of his recent editorials in the Delia: Draw a line through the center of the 8 great States of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois which must for many years control the destinies of the great North-west lollowing the projected hue ot the old ..National lioad, and you form two grand divisions, of which the South secures the better anil the stronger section. How superficial anil erroneous, then, is it for political orators, North an-l South, strangely concurring as Hammond and Seward do, to assume and exult that the noutn has become so much the weaker power in the Union as to render it no longer an object worthy of effort to strive to maintain her apparent political equipoise in the (.lovernmcnt I With ttie people that equipoise does exist now and when the South places herself on true grounds, and maintains tlu m on the old Jackfon 'i .-1 i: .i i.... -...i principle oi iiemainuiig iioinnig out- u nai is nnv submitting to nolhiug that is wrong, it will not be difficult to compel the other States to respect that equipoise and pay due. regard to it. In other words, on any fair and just grounds, the South can always divide the W est equally with the JNortli. The North-west must ever be bound to the outn by stronger ties of interest, pursuit, sympathy and similarity of character than it can ever bear to the old commercial and manufacturing classes of the East. The proof of this proposition will not be. fully demonstrated until the native population of this section bogins to sway its destinies and control its sentiments. A very diff erent raoc is that from the one preceding. Very different circumstances and institutions have controlled and formed the mind, tendencies and views of the new and native population of the North-west, from those, which in the old commercial communities gave that peculiar phase of character, and imparted those obstinate and troublesome prejudices which characterize the emigrants from the old States of the North. The native Western man, the Buckeye, the Hoosier, the Sticker, as little resembles the Yankee peddler, the Connecticut notion-maker, as the stalwart Kentuckian and Tennessecan resemble the Piney Woods North Carolinian, or the herring-fed Eastern shoreman. All the tendencies of this race are in the same direction as those of the Southerners. They are agricultural in their pursuits and tastes, bold and expanded in their views, warm and earnest in their passions, chivalric and indomitable in their energies. They must ever be, from nature and taste, as they are from geographical position and pursuit, the natural allies of the South. They are of the Valley of the Mississippi, "racy of its soil." As the gi eat lakes, the large rivers, and every stream and rivulet that meanders through this great valley, all tend in one direction, and seek the same channel, even so must the sentiments, tho aspirations, the thoughts and the interests of the various States, traversed by these grand arteries and veins, flow through the same current into the saino grand reservoir. A paragraph has been going the rounds of the newspapers to the effect that the lion. James B. Clay has exchanged his estate of Ashland for a large amount of Texas land. In a letter to the editors of the National Intelligencer, Mr. Clay denies this statement, saying that he has not sold Ashland, never intends to do so, and earnestly hopes that during his life no necessity may ever occur which shall force him to part with a homo so full of memories dear to him. The Intelligencer says, " The apportionment for members of Congress, under the census of 1860, will make a great change in the representation of several States, judging from the votes at the recent election in some of tho Western States. Illinois, with nine members of Congress, has given 250,000 votes, while Massachusetts, with eleven Representatives, gave only 120,000. Wisconsin, with only three Representatives has given a vote within a fraction of that of Massachusetts. Compared with the votes of many other States, the discrepancy is still greater. The elections at tho West, however, were held under greater excitement, and called out a fuller vote than in most of the old States." The qauntily of boots and shoes required for the United Slates, is not far from 75,000,000 pairs per annum. Of these, 12,000,000 pairs arc made in Massachusetts, at a value of $10,000,000 per annum, and they employ 45,000 men and 32,826 women. Onehalf of this employment is in Lynn, which is fhe largest shop in the United States. The next is in Phildclphia, which makes 84,000,000, mostly fine, while that of Lynn is coarse work, The production is great in every city, tow n, and hamlet of the Union, and the whole value is not less than $80,000,000 per annum. In Philadelphia there are 457 manufacturers, whose aggregate sales amount to ?4, 14 1,000, and Philadelphia sells perhaps f 10,000,000 worth of eastern work in addition. The total expenditures of the British Government for the year ending 31st of March hist, in round num bers, was $:W5,000,000, or a million dollars a day. Tho army expenditure was about J?G4,000,000, and that of the navy $52,000,000; miscellaneous civil scrviees,.incluiling the ilowry of $1, 000,000 to the Princess Royal, Jf;l0,000,000. For the Persian expedition there was paid to the East India Company, nearly 81,000,000 ; and also to the East India Company, for the war with China, nearly $3,000,000. The supreme court of Massachusetts, in a recent decision in the case of slander, said it was no defense, that the party sued had only repeated a common rumor. If the story is false and slanderous, it is repeated at the person's peril. Its power of mischief is in the circulation, and the repetition of the story gives it its currency, and, without an expression of belief, will confirm it. Fight pktwf.ex Eleven Hundred Horses. Southey, in history of the Peninsular War, relates the following: " Two of the Spanish regiments which had been quartered at Funan were cavalry, mounted on fine black long-tailed Andelusian horses. It was imposible to bring oft' these horses aliout 1,100 in number and Romano was not a man who could order them to be destroyed; he was fond of horses himself, and knew that every man was attached to his beast, which had carried him so far and so faithfully. The bridles were, thefore, taken off" and they were turned' loose upon the beach. A scene ensued such as was never ' before witnessed. They became sensible that they were no longer under tho restraint of any human power. A general conflict ensued, in which, retaining the discipline they had learned, they charged each other in squadrons of ten or twelve together, then closely engaged, striking with their fore feet, and biting and tearing each other with the most ferocious rage, and trampling over those who were beaten down, till the shore in the course of an hour was strewed with the dead and disabled. Part of them hhd been set free on rising ground as a distance. They no f ooner heard the roar of battle than they came thundering down over the intermediate hedges, and catching the contagious madness, plunged into the fight with equal fury. Sublime at the scene was, it was too horrible to be long contemplated, and Romano, in mercy, gave orders to destroy them. But it was found too dangerous to attempt this, and after the last boat had quitted the beach, the few horses that remained were still encaged in the dreadful work of mutual destruction."

could be seen evolving themselves ti ora every imagina- ! expected results. inambres jKccollectiom. r J