Locomotive, Volume 32, Number 9, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 April 1855 — Page 1

&ig MTZ WIS.

IIjE BKIISjE JSllBP -:iX'T:li':.'-i : BWiteaiiJWiUB.toai.'WllW1 lu sfc WnffHSW il n Mi ss-,- - xtirmMat u.m . ' '. JOHN R. ELDER, Editor: 'The Chariots shall rage In the streets, they shall seem like torches, they shall run like the lightnings." AuAum,t'i, 4. ELDER & HARKNESS, Publishers.

VOL XXXII.

THE LOCOMOTIVE 13 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED EVERT SATURDAY. BY ELDER & HARKNE88, At their Book and Job Printing Office, on Meridian Street Indianapolis, Ind., opposite the Post Office . TERMS: One Dollar a year. Twenty-five Cent for three mouths. iSix copies to one mHress for oite year. Five Dollars; thirteen copiesone year forTen Dollars, rf in advance in all casks. No paper will be sent until paid for, and no paper will bo continued aftertlietime paid for expires, unless the subscription is renewed. Look out roa thk Cross. All mail anil county subscribers can kuow their time is nut when they see a large cross murked on their paper, and that is always the last paper sent untilthe subscription la renewed. TERMS Of ADTUTllIKi: One Square. (8 lines, orless, 250ms,) for 1 week 0.50 - 44 for each atibsequentinsortiou, 0.25 " for three months, 3.00 for six mouths, 5.00 for one year, without ulteralion, 8.00 t for one year, with frequent changes, 12.00 . A small reduction made on largur advertisement. Cuts ami Snecinl Notices double the above rates. rry Advertisements must be handed in by Thursday of tac vetk,or they will be aejerrea unit line nezf iu. Printers Ink! WE have Just received, direct from the Manufactory 0 John O. Llirhlbody, u fresli supply of Summer Ink, which will be sold in the following sized kegs, and at the Cololwing prices: , NEWS INK 25 Centt per : 13 lbs and keg, 3!0 SI lis and keg, - ' 5.75 54 fts and keg, ........ H.iiS In half barrels, oflOO fts, no charge for kegs. NEWS INK NO. 1 30 Cent, per ft: Slfbsandkeg, - - - $0.80 1 54 fcsuud keg, - - - Jlfl.SW 100 Iks, (no charge for keg,) 30.00 BOOK INK 411 Centt per fc: 12 ns and keg, - - - 85.3U 21 ft and keg, - - - 8.90 FINE BOOK INK 50 Centt per ft: 21 fcsandkeg. 9U.00 FINE CARD INK: In 1 and 2 ft cans, at $1.00 per ft. " COLORED INKS: tied, Blue, and Green, in half pound cans, at $1.50 percan. ' All orders accompanied with the cash, will be promptly attended to. Address, KLDEK & HAKKNKNK, AgoutB for Lightbody's Inks, Indianapolis, Ind. Stoves, I'lous, Ax. &c. JUST received a large and general assortment of Cooking and Parlor Stoves, tt hirh are unsurpassed by any In the market. Among our Cook Stoves may be found Pacific, Triumph, Buckeve State. Bay Stute, Empire State, Hoosier State, Queen City, Prize Primium, Ohio Premium, Oregon, California, Pheonix, and Clevelund Air Tight! also, a great variety of Parlor Slovos and Coal' Grates; also, a general assortment of Steel Plows, kept constantly for sale, waranted of the best quality. Tin-Ware constantly kept on hand, wholesale and retail. All kinds of Tin, Copper, and Shoe ron work done to order. Those wanting anything in our line, will do well to give us a cull before purchasing elsewhere, at the sign of the Gilt Ball, south side of Washington Street, near the Masonic Hall.. octl-y R. L. & A. W. McOUAT. GREAT WESTERN niHBLE VAUD, .f?' THE UDERSIGNE1) n i wj.Mmioalling ino aiionwon oi (nVthe public. to his large V f (ill 1 ii dwell selected stock &8kir&Jm 4 if MARBLE. Having ijust returned from the I kiiNt. whnrA he ban heeu to all the differ ent quarries and mills In New York and Veri. l 5, mont, and having tak k -t-it&iiuf- IL-t f"H en great pains in i 'IT- 'J l.ctine his Marble. 80- , he does not hesitate In saying that he has now on hand the largest and best assirtmeiit of Marble ever brought West of the btateof Vermont, and is daily receiving new sup plies. He most respectfully Invites the public to call and examine his stock and work, us he is prepared to furnish anything in the Monument. Tomb, and Head Stone line, that may be desired, on the most reasonable terms. He feels assured that he can ?;ive perfect satisfaction in the finishing of his work as he has n his employ among the best of workmen from the most fashionable establishments in the eastern cities. Those who wish to perpetuate the memory of those who were near and dear to them, will find it to their interests to call at No. 67 Washington street, opposite A. Wallace's store, before purchasing elsewhere. He would say to the trade, that they can make it to thoir Interest to cull and examine his stock, as he is prepared to wholesale at prices that will be satisfactory. All orders sent by mail, or otherwise, from different portions of the State, for finished work, will receive prompt attention, and the work forwarded on at the earliest opportunity. Komember No. 67 Washington street, Indianapolis, Ind. nov4-6m JOHN DUSTMAN. TTEW ARHArVOETOEIVT TO TAKE EFFECT i MONDAY, July 24, 1854. 72 ttOXSm INDIANAPOLIS AN D CINCINNATI fegfr 44frwE RAILROAD, Connecting with the Ohio and" Mississippi KaiJroad, by Special Train. No detention on this route by waiting for other trains! Through to Cincinnati in 4i hours. 'The only direct route to Cincinnati, being 30 miles shorter and H hours quicker than any other route. Lightning Express Train leaves Union Depot at 11 A. M., and arrives at Cincinnati at 3fc P. M., only stopping at Shelbyville, Greensburgh and Lawrenceburgh; dine ut Shelbyville Chicago Mail Train leaves at 4 P. M., afUr the arrival of the Chicago train and arrives at Cincinnati at 9 P. M., supper at Greensburgh. ' Fare to Cincinnati, $3 00 Baggage checked through. Through tickets can be procured at Union Depot, over this route to New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Columbus, O., and Wheeling, via the Little Miami Railroad. Passengers taking the 11 A.M. train, arrive iu Cincinnati in time to take the 5 P. M. trains for the East. July29 T. A. MORRIS, PresH. GREAT CENTRAL AND EASTERN ROUTE. INDIANA CENTRAL RAILWAY. 1855.. mmm NEW ARRANGEMENT. Vew Route to Cincinnati and Dayton, Co. 11 lumbiix, Cleveland, Pittsburgh liilu aclphiaaiid New York. On and after Thursday, August 17, 1854, Passenger Trains will run as follows, Sundays excepted: i Two Trains daily, each way. , Morning Express leave Indianapolis at 5.45, A. M. Passengers leaving in 5.45 A. M. train arrive in Cincinnati at 11.45 A.M., iu Uuyton at 10.40 A. M., in Columbus ut 2.30 P. M., in Cleveland at 6.45 P.M. Mail train leaves Indianapolis at 12 M. Passengersleaving in 1-2 M. train arrive in Cincinnati at G.30 P.M., in Dayton in 5.0(1 P. M. . Passengers for Columbus, Newark, and Zancsville,by taking the IU M. train arrive in Uuyton at 5.(10 ; in Columbus at 9.45 P. M., being six hours in advance of all other Routes. Passengers taking 12 M. train arrive in Cincinnati at 6.30 P.M. Passengers leaving Indianapolis at 12 M. for Dayton, Columbas, Crestline. Pittsburg, Philadelphia, and New York, arrive in Dayton at 5.00 P.M., in Columbus at 9.45 P. M., at Crestline 12 at night, in time to connect with the night train on Ohio and Pennsylvania Road, for Pittsburg, Philadelphia, and N. York. No change of guage or cars to Dayton. Passengers save by this route 28 miles to Dayton, and 50 miles to Columbus, Pittsburg, or Wheeling, over any other Railroad route. Through tickets can be procured at the office, in the Depot. 'Tr'iaatern Baggage Checked to Buffalo; Pittsburg, Philadelphia and New York Baggage to Pittsburg. . , JAMBS M. SMITH, Supt. As regards Freight. iuqniro of . J""7 . ; w- A. BRADSHaW, FreightAgent. THE GREAT EASTERN KOUTE. 1855. 1855 INDIANAPOLIS, BFLLEFONTAINK AND CLEVELAND RAILROAD.COKNNECTIJiG at this place with trains from Lafayette, Terre Haute, Jeffersonville, and Madion. Passengers will find this the cheapest, shortest, quickest and most comfortable route to Dayton, Springfield, Urbanna, Bellefontame, Columbus, Cleveland, Pittsburg, Dunkirk Buffalo, Albany, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore. and Washington. . . Two Trains leave Indianapolis daily (Sundays excepted). istday Telegraph Express leaves the Union Depot at 6 A. Rlw"".'?t at tJ,,io" with Truin for Dayton and Cincinnati; at .t I' JuZ talnwith Train for Sandusky, Toledo, and Detroit; llh-Traln for Columbus; and arrive in Cleveland I i Sh d""!"' J1?-tirae ,0 connect at Cleveland with the Buffalo h .1 ?" xProTraln, connecting at Dunkirk and earN sami.i y P'898 Train, and arrive in New York fe"vUg7ed!ar MSlmakPn- Va" Trai" leave8th Union Depot at 12.45 P. mo7n?nL& t 1 1wa5r-conncti-arriving in Cleveland next Md NeYoVk . ' '5e EPres8 T'ln for Dunkirk, Buffalo more York-also for Pitjburg, Philadelphia and Baltirtsh8Jnfer"re,Pr0KCOTed attl,e 0B" " Depot, o V, C . . g or Columbus, by takineS A M train via FareThX!" .?.'"m.bU8 " 5 '"afternoon"1 Vla" j. NOTTINGHAM"superi'nteHiant, Indianapolis 1853. . 06 near lUe Union Depot, oct29-tf

INDIANAPOLTS,

I SPRING HAS COME. Softly comes the shower 'gainst the window paue, Gently o'er the meadow falls the April rain, , Tender grasses springing, rosy blossoms fair Upening to the sunshine, Deauiy every wuere Tells us 'tis the Spring. Balmy airs are breathing from the sweet southwest Over all the landscape gleams a shining vest; , Downy moss and fringes, fragrant dewy leaves, Silken tassel swsying from the new-clotlied treesTells us 'tis the Spring. Silvery minnows sporting in the pleasant brooks, Glittering cresses peeping from the shady nooks, Happy voices, humming, where the violets lie, Life and warmth and fragrance dripping from the sky Tells us 'tis the Spring. . Influence of Inventions on Social Life. The following is a condensed abstract of a recent lecture by James T. Brady, Esq., delivered before the Mechanics Institute, of this city, on the above subject. He began with an extract from a popular author, who complains that history has been more employed in recording the crimes of ambition and the ravages of conquerors, than preserving the remembrance of those who have improved science and the arts. He said it is melancholy to reflect that the great mechanics who constructed the mighty works which yet attest the power and taste of Egypt, Greece, and Home, are nameless to their posterity. Where men have improved in comfort and happiness, it has not been by the action of government, nor any peculiar capacity of race, so much as by their own struggles against unjust restraints. Yet no political change could greatly ameliorate their social condition. This improvement was reserved for mechanical genius and skill, which we should appreciate more than any other people. We are full of "notions," and especially inventive, and the consideration of tViis truth will prove more useful than many of our participations in the low strife of vulgar politics. Amongst the great inventions which affected man's general condition, was the invention of gunpowder, which deprived the castle tyrant of his former audacious sense of security, and equalized the conflict of peasant and prince. lhegrim ruins on the Khine, and elsewhere, illustrate this fact. ' The poet or romancer may sigh over them, but they show where civilization made its progressive steps. That muskets still enslave even those who carry them, shows the wonderful influence of discipline and authority. But mechanism will one day enforce its deserved function, and free millions of .the Old World. Then mankind will not, as at present, in Russia, perish to settle the disputes of diplomatists, or the struggle for "balance of power. Discovery has been the grand means of improvement. The mariner's compass led to many blessings, including the addition of this continent to the known world. Steam yielded its countless benefits. It has brought our States into close association and sympathy. Printing, "the greatest of the arts," gave society, voice and tongue. It spread knowledge far and wide. The people are heard in the best of histories the hourly record of all that is done, felt, or thought, throughout the globe. The newspaper is the library of the poorest. But invention has cheapened and multiplied books, so that the labors of the greatest minds are accessible-to the millions. Thus the Scriptures reach all mankind. The genius of mechanics has supplied the greatest wants of both rich and poor. The ancients were not acquainted with the sweet associations of the fireside, for their houses had no chimneys. The companionship of the 'clock cheers and guides the humblest, not as in the year 807, when the King of Persia presented one moved by water to Charlemagne, or Pope Paul sent one to King Pepin of France, in 756. : The invention of clocks belongs to the Saracens, but they are not now what was said of the instrument made by Richard de Wallingford, in the fourteenth century miracles, "not only of genius, but of excelling knowledge." All Europe responds to the tick of Yankee manufacture. The daily laborer has a more comfortable home than sovereigns could boast of old. Becket's splendid style of living, A. D. 1160, was described !in this, that his sumptuous apartments were every day in the winter strewn with clean straw and hay. ' ' ' After enunciating many additions to our comforts, resulting from inventions, and referring to the brilliant cheerfulness of the gas which illumines modern streets, he said that there was a lesser light, whose direct social benefit would make even the former luster pale. Any one who remembers his sensations when he rose in the darkness of a cold night from a cosy bed, to strike a light with the salience exhausting combination of flint, steel, and tinder, will be grateful for the beneficent inventor of lucifers and loco focos. He should have a grand monument. But mankind do not most honor those who shed light on the world. The victor whose deeds shroud a country in gloom, receives more applause. ' How beautiful too, is that discovery by which the blessed sunlight has been allured by genius to perpetuate the faces of dear friends; and the genial influence ; of that artist of God, fertilizing what'it falls upon, keeps their memory ever green in our love. But there was a nobler view of the subject he had in hand. The triumphs of inventive talent have elevated the mechanic arts, and those who practice them. The artificer is welcome and honored in the associations of science. The labor of the hands has attained much dignity, and would receive more, but for a strange aversion to it, common even with us. ' The mechanic often sacrifices a son to obscurity in a profession for which ' he may not have aptitude or inclination. The eagerness to rush into the learned professions is fortunately receiving some check. To the genius, talent, and industry, which mechanically apply the powers of nature in developing her resources, and the achievement of useful mechanical results, we may confidently look for the distinctive superiority of our people. Excellence in contributing toward this reputation should be esteemed sec

IND , SATURDAY, APRIL 21, 1855.

ond to none. And we should learn to think lightly of the mind or heart of him who would not cheerfully turn away from the exploits of CiBsar, Hannibal, or Napoleon, to dwell with joy and emulation over the triumphs and the fame of Fulton, Whitney, and Morse. Thus ended the lecture amid loud applause. Mechanics. St. Paul was a mechanic a maker of tents from goat's hair; and in the lecturer's opinion he was a model mechanic. He was not only a thorough workman at his trade, but was a scholar, a perfect master, not only of his native Hebrew, but of three foreign tongues, a knowledge of which he obtained by close application to study during his leisure hours, while serving his apprenticeship. It was a custom among the Jews to teach their sons some trade a custom not confined to the poorer classes, but was also practiced by the wealthy; and it was a common proverb among them, that if a father did not teach his son a mechanical occupation, he taught him to steal. This custom was a wise one; and if the fathers of the present day would imitate their example their wrinkled cheeks would not so often blush for the helplessness, and not unfrequently criminal conduct of their offspring. Even if a father intended his son for one of the professions, it would be an incalculable benefit to that Son to instruct him in some branch of mechanism. His education would hot only be more complete and healthy, but he might at some future time, in case 'of failure in his profession, find his trade very convenient as a means of earning his bread; and he must necessarily be more competent in mechanical from his professional education. An educated mechanic was a model machine, while an uneducated mechanic was merely a mechanic working under the superintendence of another man's brain. Let the rich and the proud no longer look upon mechanism as degrading to him who adopts a branch of it as his calling. It is a noble calling as noble as the indolence and activity of wealth is ignoble. Lecture by Rev. Dr. Adams. The Young Mens' Christian Union Valedictory by Dr. N. L. Eice. ": The Rev. N. L. Rice, D. D., of St. Louis, delivered the valedictory discourse before the Young Mens' Christian Union, in the Seventh Presbyterian Church, Broadway, on Sunday evening. The attendance was equal to the full capacity of the church building. The discourse commenced with a reference to the signs of the times, indicating that the Bible was about to establish its claims to inspiration, and triumph over all forms of infidelity ; and he conceived, therefore, it would be interesting to young men to address them on this occasion in regard to the evidences on .which it founds its clai.'j to human credence. Its moral code was absolutely without a flaw; every moral principle of it was reducible to an axiom. The historical statements of the Bible were confirmed by profane history, and the progress of science which had overthrown other systems of religion had strengthened this, simply because the God of revelation and the God of nature is the same Being. The phases of Infidelity, and its present aspects were referred to at some length. ' The Deist says that God has revealed himself adequately in the works of his hands, and that we need no other revelation. Lord Shaftsbury, and other men of talent who stood high in the literary and political world, rejected the Bible as not needed, and therefore as not true. But look at the condition of all nations where the Bible is unknown. The volume of nature, no doubt, was outspread in its beauty, and there are the scholars to read it. Yet was it not a fact that none of them read it? Are they Deists ? ; No ; but Polly theists of the most degraded class, believing in a multitude of divinities, and having no moral code. Neither had deists living in Christian lands made out anything like a tolerable moral code. They are continually declaiming upon the beautiful sublimities of the light of nature, without telling us what it teaches. Dr. Franklin made an effort of that kind; and having made out a list of thirteen virtues, thought the duties more numerous than he at first supposed, and offered up a prayer that God would help him to come up to this standard. This looked something like Christianity. The Dr., however, gave up his plan, and never became a perfect man. The deists, too, with the volume of nature before them, split on the great question which connects itself so intimately with all the hopes of man -immortality. What power could any moral system have that did not speak distinctly and certainly upon this question? The fruits of the two systems had, also, proclaimed their rsepective characters. Truth always makes, a man better, but we did not expect to find a man particularly upright because he was a deist.' The fruits of the two systems have proclaimed their respective characters. Deists have shrunk from their own ground. One of them wrote a book to say we did not need revelation. He felt afraid to publish it, and he tells us that of a beautiful day he opened his window shutter and looking towards the Heaven, asked God to tell him whether he ought to publish the book or not, and hearing an unearthly voice which he construed into an approbation of the publication, He published it. ; He wrote to prove he did not need revelation, and then prays for a revelation whether he should publish it or not. ' Passing from this form of infidelity to another the Atheist and the Pantheist only express the same conclusions arrived at from opposite directionsthe one springing up in France, with the sensational philosophy, and the other in Germany, with the transcendental philosophy both being inconsistent with the evidences of intelligent design we see around, the complicated machinery of adaptation, and with our ideas of right and wrong. Both also fail to give any hope in regard to another existence, and by making the future dark midnight, prove themselves utterly false. The French revolution was the legitimate fruit of that system of philosophy, that made men brutes, actually dethroning; reason, and turning a civilized nation into a pandemonium. Fourierism, socialism, mesmerism, the harmonial philosophy, which was only materialism developing itself according to a blind law, and spiritualism, a falsehood and abomination, so far as any conclusion could be arrived at, were also referred to

and phrenology as destroying the accountability of man as a free ajrent, condemned. But infidelity was being driven from all its positions, ana Christianity, which has taken science by the hand in every land, and sustained all our institutions from the Common School up to the highest establishments of learning, which had manifested its fruits through life, and its power in death, was now to triumph. Cin. Com. The Permanency of Thought and Action. At the Seventh Presbyterian Church in Broadway, yesterday, Rev. R. S. Storrs, D. D., of Brooklyn, N. Y., taking for his text the declaration that "there is nothing covered which shall not be revealed, nor hid that shall not be known," discoursed in an eloquent manner of the Omniscience of God, upon whose intelligence all things once enacted stand forever of the vital charac

ter of all our actions, and their ultimate relation with the actions of other men and the tendency of all human thought or deed to open itself to the survey of mankind, and ultimately to that of all intelligence, as the rising of a full sun on the track vt the past. ' Whatever is done, is recorded in the whole system of being; no act is isolated in this vast and reciprocating system, ana we cannot spean, think or put the force of thought into a deed, without influencing the condition of our own hapDiness as well as that of others. An evil action never can be cancelled. A man may repent of it with bitterness and tears, but he cannot erase or blot it out. It has recorded itself in all the pro gress of his life, and of the lives of other men; and never can be extricated Irom the structure n has modified. All our acts run into the future, and weave themselves instantly together as threads into a web ; even thoughts unspoken atfeet our character, our lives, and affect through us the lives of others, and when we think not of it they are working in history over broad 6eas and continents. The tendency in all these things to show them selves to the world is so strong and operative that "there is nothing covered that shall not be revealed." A generation, nay, twenty generations after an act ,was done, it is not only still living in its influences, but its evidence may come forth, unexpectedly, when he whom it affects is in his grave. The catacombs are giving up their records of the early faith that made them its temples, and the secret things are now being freshly written in our histories. The memory of a friend long dead and buried, the memory of those with, whom infancy was familiar, how well life conserves to its close. The thronging memories come uncalled tor, sometimes divested of all association, and startling us by their number and fidelity to fact. In this we find the impulse of the soul to give to the light of its past experience. We cannot, then, alter or hide the record of the past. . It stands forever within the knowledge of God, in our own memories, and in the history which shall one day be clearly read ; and better that we should never have been formed than to meet that record without repentance. This re flection should impress us with the solemnity of life, and make us flee as for our only hope to that piety, purity and peace, attainable through Christ; which would be found to all a crown of honor, and in the memory of which only their sin could be covered. Cin. Com. Mental Improvement for Farmers. , But few persons ever reflect on the means by which they may improve their general ability for increased thought, while all agree that the human mind is susceptible of such improvement, and by no class of citizens is this subject more neglected than by farmers. . , The farmer, beyond all others, should have clear powers of observation, so as readily to observe and apply nature's laws. His vocation is the root of all prosperity, and until the farmers of a nation are progressed to the highest power of observation, the country cannot rise to the highest rank. Let us examine this subject as applied to an individual case, and the means may possibly be ascertained of arriving at the desideratum. ' The usual argument in favor of a thorough and conventional education, although admitted, is not practicable. Farmers cannot, be mere scholars; the vigor consequent upon their mode of life is not of a kind to render them capable of becoming mathematicians, nor of availing of that part of the usual progress having a mathematical basis; but still we argue that no class of men are so capable, when properly directed, of availing of processes by which the more useful class of facts may be attained. , " n - Lord Brougham has justly remarked, "That mathematical truths may be arrived at by thought alone;" and he says "any man may," he does not say will, "by the process of thought alone, arrive at the solution of any problem in mathematics," by the same process of thought as that by which he knows that two and two make four. But, says the learned gentleman, ''no man can know by thought alone- that a stone let fall from his hand would descend to- the ground." He knows this fact from observation, and not from thought; for if he had not seen the law of gravi tation exercised in some way before, he could not by any thought of his own tell if the stone would fall, rise, or float at the level of his hand. He knows this fact by example, and not by thought. The means of such knowledge is not inherent in man. Gravity is a law of God, and as such is only to be learned by observing its development in nature. We have cited this example only as a basis, and will now proceed to give a few other incidents, and then to show the application to our present argument. I All will admit that some men profit by observation more than others, while but few know the means by which this power of observation may be increased. As examples of this absence of . observation, how few farmers know that cows and sheep have no upper teeth; how. few are aware that cold water will dissolve more, salt or lime than hot water. Does one in one hundred know that a gallon of water will dissolve more plaster of paris than it will of slaked lime, that has been long enough exposed to the atmosphere to become carbonate of lime? How many know that water is at its mean of size when at 40 of heat, that if cooled below that temperature it

NO 9.

swells, until it becomes ice at 32', and if heated above 40J it also swells, until it eventually becomes steam, thus occupying more than 1,700 ' times its original space? Still, all these are facts, and to minds generally observant, they are well known to be true. The science of farming embraces all Nature's laws, and the habit of observation will soon render the farmer ready to recognize these laws in all their useful applications. Lei him know enough of chemistry, which he may do by one week's reading, to comprehend the various changes that the integrants of the soil undergo to enable them to enter the plant, aud he will soon observe the fact that these chemical changes must include the ability of being dissolved in water before the plant can receive them. He will also soon find that water, in its pure state, will dissolve the necessary quantity of all these materials, unless it contains carbonic acid, and this will necessarily lead to his understanding whence this gaB is obtained, and why it pervades the atmosphere. When he observes that water from a spring, applied to plants in time of drouth will not produce the same amount of improvement as is received from a similar amount of water falling through the atmosphere in the form of rain, he will soon understand that the rain-water comes charged with some ingredient from the atmosphere which .the spring-water does not contain, and the slightest examination informs him that this is ammonia, and that it is received in the atmosphere from the decay of former crops, animal exudations, &o.' The slightest exercise of the mind in the observance and application of the commonest truths of Nature's laws, will capacitate' it for another step in progression; for the brain, like the arm of the blacksmith or the leg of the dancingmaster, must increase in energy at least, if not in size, by healthful use, and this use is a free observance of God's laws as displayed in the progression of nature. '. ... All have observed that the inhabitants of the country have this power of observation to a greater extent than those whose tastes lead them to become inhabitants of large cities, and to engage in mercantile pursuits. Indeed, this fact has given rise to many anecdotes, such as the boy, who, when asked which was the direction of up stream, ascertained the fact, and answered the question by throwing a stone at a frog, then remarking a frog always jumps up stream when disturbed. ' '' The Yankee Captain who visited Sir Joseph Banks is another example of., this power of observation. Sir Joseph said: "You appear, Sir, an observant man; do you know if the crocodile really cries to' entice travelers, as has been stated?" "No," said the Captain; "he cannot cry; he has no tongue.'! "No tongue!" said Sir Joseph. "No, Sir; , he has no more tongue than an elephant." "Has an elephant no tongue?" "No, he has no use for a tongue; he has a trunk." "Pray, Sir," said Sir Joseph, "how did you arrive at these facts?" "Well,'.' said he, "I saw a stuffed crocodile in a doctor's shop, and I saw an elephant in a menagerie., Still thousands of others might have seen the same crocodile and elephant without ascertaining the same facts." These anecdotes may not seem pertinent to our argument, but they are so. : Let any farmer devote the evenings of a single winter to the reading of Geology, Entomology, Chemistry, Natural Philosophy and Natural. History, and apply his acquired knowledge as an amusement, while pursuing his vocation during the following summer, and he will find himself able to observe and comprehend thousands of incidents connected with natural law, which would before have passed by unobserved. He will then see and understand that the soil is but a debris of the rocks, that in its original formation this occurred from the com- . bined influence of sun and air, and changes of temperature by freezing and thawing, in rendering these rocks a soil. He will see how the convulsions of nature have mixed the soils of different localities; he will see, also, that the earliest vegetable growths were necessarily grosser sorts than those now produced; and that they, by receiving carbon from the atmosphere, for the carbon originally must have existed there in immense t quantities, in the form of carbonic acid, by their decay' deposited it in the soil, thus improving its quality and rendering it fit for the development of a more advanced class of vegetation. He will also see where and from what causes animal life progressed, and can trace its, progress.,- He will clearly understand that such vegetable matters as were consumed by animals merely change the arrangement of their particles by such process,' and that no one particle was put out of existence, but that by the decay of this animal and the change of the arrangement of the ultimate parti-. cles, both of themselves and their food, that they re-enter nature's great storehouse, the atmosphere and the soil, in a progressed condition; ' that thus both plants and animals have progressed to their present state. ' : He will next be able to observe why deeply ; disintegrated soils can never suffer from drouth, because he will know that when water is absent from the soil it is present in the atmosphere, and ' will be deposited on the surfaces of colder particles, at gi eater depths than can be reached by ; atmosphere when attempting to percolate shallow ; plowed land. He can trace the action of this moisture and its office in the soil; he can know ' what amendments are required to replace those ( which he may find to be deficient; and, indeed, he can render himself doubly happy and a better servant of his Creator, and his vocation ameliora- . ting to his fellow-men. All this must occur if he knows so much of nature's laws as will give his mind the first ability for closer observ- . ance, and his progression as an individual will be the natural consequence of its exercise. All i this does not call for the tedious exertions of . thought as practiced by the mathematician and : the merchant, but merely for the culture of the '' power of observation to see truths as they exist, ' and apply them rightly; and this, and nothing else, he will find to constitute the science of agri- , culture. Working Farmer. S3TA. wag observes that he looks under the marriage head for the news of the weak. jJSTWhat kind of essence does a young man like when he pops the question? . Acquiescence.