Locomotive, Volume 31, Number 9, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 January 1855 — Page 2

ORRESPONDENT'S TRAIN

For the Locomotive. Mr. Editor: Why so many Congressmen, Congressmen-elect, ex-Congressmen, politicians, and political tricksters in our city for the last two weeks? Do they come here to inform the Legislature what to do? or do they come here to get office? Is it the public good that calls them here? or to do something for self? The old book reads, ' . ' "The love of money is the root of evil." I suspect that this is a mistranslation, and' that it should read, "The love of office is the root of evil." ' It is clear, at least, that the love of office is (he great and crying evil among this people. S. , THE EXECUTION OF TU-HU-ZA. Editor Locomotive: I have just returned from one of the most disgusting and disgraceful executions that I ever have witnessed. Two years ago list last fall, a white woman was shot and instantly killed by a Sioux Indian, named Tu-huza, (The -Warrior.) He was pursued by a detachment of dragoons and taken near Little Rapids, on the Minnesota river, not far from where the murder took place. He was brought to St. Paul, tried, and condemned to be hung. He was, however, reprieved by Gov. Gorman, nnd a new trial granted him the following spring, but lie was again condemned to die. His counsel applied for a new trial before the Supreme Court of Minnesota Territory, which was granted. He was -acccordingly tried a third time, and was a third time condemned to die upon the scaffold on the 29th of December, which sentence was carried into effect. When informed (a few days before the appointed time) that he had to die, he treated the matter jestingly, and told the interpreter that he had been deceived twice before, and it was done to scare him. Nor did he believe it until the day of execution, when they put his shroud on him. lie passed his evenings in singing the war songs of his tribe. Early in the morning of the 29th, a crowd began to collect around the prison, and by 12 o'clock it had increased to quite a multitude. The place where the execution took place was about one and a half miles out of town, on the St. Anthony road. Liquor was freely circulated through the crowd, and its effects told too plainly on many of the heartless beings there assembled. Numbers of women were on the ground at an early hour, notwithstanding the extreme cold. All seemed anxiously waiting to see a fellowcreaturo expatiate his crime on the scaffold. - At 3 o'clock the carriage containing the unfortunate man and the officers of the law drove np to the gallows. He could walk with difficulty, owing to the fact that a huge log-chain was fastened to his ancles to prevent his running away from the chivalrous officers. He was assisted upon the platform by the officers. The rope was then placed about his neck, and the interpreter was told to ask him if he had anything to say. He drew himself up and stood firm and erect, and simply asked if money would buy his life; upon being informed that that: was not the custom of the whites, he said he had no more to say. The fatal black cap was drawn over his face, and at after 3 o'clock the drop fell, amid the worse than savage shouts and yells of the bachanalian multitude, who seemed to consider the awful scene anything but one that demanded solemnity from any one that had a spark of humanity in his breast. After hanging 28 minutes the attending physician decided that life was extinct. The letter of the law was fulfilled. He. died without a struggle. ' He met his fate with that indifference for which an Indian warrior is noted. " Taking all things into consideration, I never saw total depravity more fully developed than at the first public execution in Minnesota Territory.' Yours respectfully, Geo. H. Spencer, Jr. Sr. Paul, Dec. 30th, 1854. . Early to Bed and Early to Rise. Hufeland, in his treatise on sleep, has some curious as well as forcible ideas on the necessity of devoting midnight to rest and sleep. He considers that the period of twenty-four hours, which is produced by the regular revolutio i of the earth on its axis, marks its influence most definitely on the physical economy of man. Diseases show this regular influence, in their rise and fall. Settled, regular fevers exhibit a twenty-fours' flux and reflux. In the healthful state there is manifest the same influence, and the more habitual our meals, our hours of exercise or employment, and our hours of sleep, the more power is there in the system to resist disease. In the morning, the pulse is slower and the nerves calmer, and the mind and body better fitted for every discription of labor. As we advance toward the evening of the day, the pulse becomes accelerated, and an almost feverish state is produced, which, in excitable people, becomes an absolute evening fever. Rest caries off this fever by its sleep, and the refreshing opening of its pores which sleep produces. In this nightly respiration, there is an absolute crisis' of this evening fever, and this periodical crisis is necessary to every one, for it carries off whatever useless or pernicious particles our bodies may have imbibed. This evening fever, Hufeland thinks, is not entirely owing to the accession of new chyle to the system, but to the departure of the sun and of the light. The crisis of this fever, to be most effective by its regularity, ought to take place at midnight, when the sun is in its nadir, and then the boby becomes refreshed for the early morning labor. Those who neglect this period, either push this diurnal- crisis into the morning and thus undermine the importance of its regularity or lose it entirely, and arise to their labors unrefreshed by sleep. , Their bodies will not have been purified by the nightly crisis and the seeds of disease will have thus been planted. Nervous people are peculiary subject to the influence of this evening fever and they canot labor without its excitement. ' Hence their mental effort are performed in the night alone, the important time for the crisis of their nerv ous excitement passes over in wakefulness and no refreshing perspiration cleanses the body or strengthens the nerves. Such people will wear out soon, unless they change their habits and seek rest when nature and the human constitution dictate.' These considerations ought to be deeply studied and regarded by all who are in the ruinous habij; of turning night into day, and of changing the functions of each. A failure of health will soon manifest the truth of these remarks.

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SATURDAY, JANUARY 20, 1855. ICpSaturdaylstha day of publication of the Locomotive, when itwill alwayabereadyfor subscribers. In noc&sewill welotacopyofthepaper go from theoffice before publics tion day. OFFICIAL PAPER FOB THE OITT. OFFICIAL FAFEH TO PUBLISH THE LIST OFLETTEHS jgtT Single copies of the Locomotive can be procured at the office, opposite the Post Office, either with or without wrappers, at 5 cents each 3Tln Godey for February, wc see an article headed, "A glance at the West," thai pays a very handsome and just tribute to' western men and western genius. We think the style and matter fixes the paternity on one of our citizens, and we are proud to see our Hoosier city represented in that popular Magazine. Mrs. Bolton's beautiful poem Paddle your own Canoe is copied in the article. jCSTdiapman's Republican made its appearance on Tuesday as a daily evening paper. In size it is consiberably smaller than the morning paper, and larger than the evening Dispatch. The mixture of large and small type in the editorial columns, and the large advertising cuts, somewhat destroys its neat city-ish appearance otherwise it looks well. The number before us contains some raspish articles on which its general correspondent prides himself. The terms of the Daily Republican is $5 a year, or 10 cents a week. This is the fourth daily paper published in our city two morning and two evening papers and for the life of us we can't see how they are all to live. ; Women Won't Always Do. It is said that some of the women of Cincinnati are circulating a petition for the pardon of Allison. What stronger argument against the doctrine of woman's rights? It is admitted that Arrison had a fair and impartial trial, and that he was fjtind guilty of one of the most atrocious crimes on record. Reason and law, ingenuity and eloquence, failed to save him from the verdict of guilty. He is sentenced to die. It is hard, but shall the natural sympathy of woman's heart save him? What kind of jurors, or judges would women make, whose hearts are ever alive to the touch of a sympathy that overlooks all reason? It is hard for man whose heart and head are stern, to sit in cool judgement upon the life of man. It is perhaps never without the big sympathetic tear of his proud heart, that man condemns his fellowman to death. ' Too much is justice, even in the hand of man, inclined to mercy. How would it be if woman, whose heart is all sympathy, were to sit in judgement? Woman is fitted for her sphere; her sphere of love and kindness; her natural element; but she is not fitted to exercise the stern dicrees of law. She was born to be proteeted, and not to protect. She was born to rule in her own household, but not over a kingdom. She was born to have the protection of law, but not to make law, which is founded only in reason, and should be uninterrupted by the passion of woman's heart. Woman's Rights. We were walking down street the other day and we saw a woman.- The day was cold and the wind blew a considerable gale. The woman was making headway as best she could, hugging her shawl closely round her, shivering as she went. . The mud was not six inches deep, as usual,, for the cold air had frozen it hard. There was, therefore, no reason why a woman might not appear in woman's dress. This woman did so appear. She had a long tailed closely made woollen dress, a heavy woollen shawl, and a straw bonnet. Winter had no power to question the woman's right to wear the straw bonnet. How comfortable must be a nice straw bonnet, on a cold, freezing, icy day. It looks comfortable.. ' Wonder if we would not look comfortable were we to put on our straw hat these cold days? We have just as good a right to do it as any woman has to freeze her head in a straw bonnet. AVomen claim the right to pattern after men in dress, and we think we have just as good a . right to pattern after them, where they exhibit such good sense and taste particularly; as also where they show such great regard for bodily comfort.' Look for our straw hat just about the top of our head during the next snow storm. 3T Mr. Robt. Kidd, the Elocutionist, is again in our city, giving his interesting elocutionary entertainments. Mr. Kidd is well worthy a hearing, and our readers will find themselves both instructed and entertained by his lectures.. Mr. Kidd gives an entertainment this evening. Wilmot'b New Hat and Cap Store is eliciting vey general admiration from the public, i It is a fine buisness room with a new, attractive front, and is quite tastefuly fitted up. We will not go into a detailed description of the fixtures, as it would not probably afford as much . satisfaction as an examination, which Mr. Wilmot invites the public to make, as also of his stock of goods, which embraces almost every thing in his line, of the latest styles and best qualities. , Mr. Wilmot makes the Silk Hats' which he sells, and therefore knows, and will warrant them to be good. Soft Hats he buys directly of the manufactures and endeavors to keep the best quality. Don't forget, at Wilmot's New Store. See his card in another column. - ' - ; . JfcrWc understand the Fusion caucus have nominated young Chapman for State Printer ! Gregg, Mathes, Ellis & Co. must stand aside for the young crower, whose claims on tlie party are thus endorsed by the majority as paramount.

AMERICAN PREJUDICE. In consequence of the action of the Common Council of Cincinnati, in tendering the honors of the city to John Mitchell, sundry citizens were aroused to great indignation. " A meeting was held and speeches made. Several members of the Council who had voted for the resolution of honor, appeared, apologized for their Anti-Know-Nothing action in the matter, and then disappeared. One only appeared, who had voted for it, in defense of such action. One appeared who had voted against the resolution from first to last, and the people made considerable fuss when he , stood up. But Cincinnati did pay her respects to Mitchell, and the indignation meeting has adjourned sine die. We presume the Queen City is by this time quiet in her bowels. ; It would have been just as well, we think, if the peopleh&d. not made their great city appear so contemptible in the eyes of outsiders. John Mitchell is a great man. He is distinguished as one of the brave representatives of that free spirit which lives even in the dark, down-trodden hopes of Ireland. He is the representative of that spirit of Democracy which we boast so proudly of, and cherish as the brightest boon of earth. He is a man that dared even to lift the star of liberty under the very foldings of old England's pirate flag.. And for this he suffered banishment. Why is he honored in this country? Not for being simply a great Irishman. He is honored here in appreciation of his heroic, virtuous sacrifice of ; himself, for his country's welfare.. He is honored for his brave assertion of a principle that we hold as universal that the people have the right to govern themselves. He is honored for having boldly advocated the cause of his country against an oppression under which she groans an oppression unjust, unholy, and too grievous to be borne. Then why should the citizens of Cincinnati, or any other city, be so indignant at the good sense and commendable kindness of a Council who choose to pay honor to a principle so devoutly worshipped as we do the principle of self-government? The man shines brightly, the star of the principle. It is a poor, pitiable prejudice, a low ill breeding, that prompts any one to refuse honor to one merely because he is an Irishman. But the true cause of this indignation meeting,

we apprehend to be one of mere prejudice, without any reason to support it. There is a . prejudice in the land against all foreigners. So strong is it that a certain class of the community can see no good, just at this time, in anything human unless American born. Why is it? There always have been, since the foundation of this government, two great political parties. The one has from the first advocated the cause of naturalization, and the other as long opposed it. ' The first has been generally the administrative party, the other writhing under defeat. Latterly the influx of foreign population into the country has been great. One consequence of this is, that the price of labor has been reduced. Competition has brought Cv'wn the wages of mechanics. Therefore the mechanics of the native blood are full of prejudice. Another consequenee is that the electoral . force has been greatly enlarged. Foreigners have been admitted to vote almost immediately upon their touching American soil, and without the possibility of their at all having a reasonable acquaintance with the laws and Constitution of the country. Still another consequence is that the great influx of foreign population has had abroad tendency to spread Roman Catholicism in the land, which, is considered a deadly enemy not only to republicanism, but to education and virtue. All these causes have met together, and very naturally, and in a degree very rightly,' excited a prejudice in our people that is now too rashly indulged. , It may be all just that this prejudice exists, but is it kind and man-like? We are Americans, nd fortunate in being born so.' Is that any reason for denouncing thosewhom we can only eay have been unfortunate in having been born in foreign lands? Perhaps if all those whom we eondemn for being foreigners had had their choice, they would have chosen to have been born in a land of freedom. But what power had they to qhoose where they should be born? And from whence sprung this spirit of freedom that we so selfishly boast of? Did it not come with us from foreign shores? And may we say that when our early fathers left those shores, that with them came all that spirit of freedom, and that none was left behind? , Do we not know that there now lives and longingly strives that same spirit in the hearts of those far across the waters, who never yet have stood beneath our flag? Do we not know that all those who come to us flee as did our fathers from oppression's rod? And shall we deny them a home? Shall we deny them that, which, as it makes us, will make them men? Is not our broad domain large enough for all? . And are those who flee from oppression likely to forget the cause of their flight when they come here? What do foreigners come to this land for? Simply to enjoy life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. And is not that as much the right of one man as another? To whom does this world belong? Not to man. He only has the use of it. There are no title deeds to any particular portions of it, to any particular nations of men. He who gave to man a proud feeling ; of free independ-. ence, gave also a broad round world in which to enjoy that independence. Here, upon Atlantic's shore, has been lighted the altar fire of Liberty. Not for the benefit of a few men. . Not for the descendants only of (hose few who first plowed the wave hither. : Wo have boasted ours as the land of the exile the asylum and the home of the oppressed of all nations. So it is. So it was intended by Him who nerved the heart of the early adventurer. So it should always be. Do we boast that this government is ours? that we made it, and that we have the right to confine its benefits to ourselves? It is not so. The spirit of man made it. The spirit of man is entitled to its enjoyment, let that spirit come from whatever prison house it may. We are only

trustees. Our trust is 6acred, and broad as it is sacred. Then let us banish our se!6shness.' Let

us welcome the spirit that loves us, let it come from wherever it may. Let us blush with shame when we refuse to honor the high and the great who have risked their lives that they too might bow at a shrine like ours. BE POLITE. Politeness is one of the brightest blessings of earth. If all whom we meet were polite, the world would be far happier. But when may we look for even a near approximation to such a point? Stupidity, vanity, avarice, stand too much in the way. You may meet one on the street or elsewhere whom you have met before, and perhaps had considerable acquaintance with he looks you in the face with a stupid gaze, and if you speak to him, no change is seen in his manner, but he walks on as though he had passed a hog, or a horse; and without hardly that much conscious ness. Such an one is hardly entitled to the respect that's due to a genteel brute. He ought to be turned out with brutes and made to take his proper place in the animal kingdom. You may meet another one on the street, or elsewhere, with whom you might claim acquaintance, and he is too far up in the world to remember your countenance. He is mean, and a fool in the bargain, and you'll treat him just right, if you remember him without fail, to the longest day you live. He may be a shade more promi nent in the world than you, but if he has met you on terms of acquaintance, once, he is bound always to acknowledge your acquaintance after, if you are decent and respectable. If he don't do it, he wrongs you, and you have a right to await the day of retaliation. It will come. He may have the advantage now, "But time at last sets all things even, And if we do but watch ihe hour, There never yet was human pow'r, That could evade if unforgiven, The patient search, and vigil long, ' Of him who treasures up a wrong." And what wrong can be keener than for a su perior to pass you by without noticing you, mere ly from his vain feeling of superiority? He may be, and is all that he assumes to be, but he is not more than human, nor are you less than human. He has no right to class you with brutes, and the moment he does so, he makes a brute of himself. It is your duty to meet humanity as humanity, and it is your privilege to meet brutality as brutality. Men who are impolite from stupidity, are to be pitied. Those who are impolite from swellheaditiveness are to be despised. 1 ' .i ou may meet still a third, on the street or elsewhere, and though perhaps you have put money in his pocket, and are well acquainted with him, he knows you only when it suits him He is slightly excusable.- He don't mean anything by his impoliteness, except that he don't care a pin about you only for your pennies. He generally don't know enough to know that he has a head, much" less to know that it may be used very appropriately occasionally in making a bow. All that he knows is, to get money on the same principle that a goose knows to eat grass. lou need not be ottended at him or cherish any feeling of revenge. He is useful to you. ' He provides you with body comforts, whereby you have the more time for intellectual pleasure. , ., . .. .. It would be impolite to accuse the female sex of impoliteness. There maybe ladies who are sometimes impolite from this same stupidity who are know nothings. They may meet you being well acquainted and gaze at you as they pass with a vancy that leads you to wonder whether they are not lunatics. They may pass you as though they had never seen you, nor don't intend ever to see you. A woman's ignorance and yanitys are alike excusable. Money matters business, of course can never be pleaded in behalf of woman's ill manners. Ignorance and vanity do only excuse her, She is to be pitied for her ignorance and to be indulged in her van! ty..-: If women and children make months at you only laugh at them give them candy and they will laugh. " ' But neither men nor women have the right to be impolite. . Children should be taught polite ness first of all things; and it should be a gar ment they should always be made to wear It is a garment that's always in fashion, always graceful, always useful, and the longer worn the more charming it becomes. ' ' - TO THE FRIENDLESS. If thou 'rt alone a lonely one :Dost neither love nor friendship know " Look up! and turn thy tearful eye - -To Him whose ear is never slow. ' : If selfishness around thy heart, . In serpent coldness closely creeps, ' Look up ! and trust thy way to Him ; . - Who watch o'er all thy footsteps keeps. : : There is a God, in myst'ry veiled, Whose love hath no forgetful change; To whom the poorest, humblest soul, Is never lost or reckon'd strange. . Hope bends the bright arch'd bow across The darkest low'ring, leaden skies ; , Look up! for soon will o'er thee burst The brighter day of golden dyes. ! Prompt Punishment. We understand that two negroes who had placed a fence-rail or something of the kind, across the Georgia railroad track, ' not far from Madison, on Friday night last, seaI ted themselves one at each end of the rail, with ! the intention of jumping off on the approach of the cars, where, out of harm, they might see I "the fun." In accordance with the usual habit of the race, however, as soon as they became still, they fell asleep the train came thundering along, J in the meantime, cutting the arm of one of the fiends, and breaking the head of the other. It is ! hoped, however, that enough vitality has been left in each to enable the sheriff to hang them, 1 after proper trial and conviction.

From the Indiana Farmer

PROCEEDINGS OF THE STATE BOARD OF . AGRICULTURE. reported by lewis bollman. " V- Thursday, Jan. 4, 1855. The Board convened in the Supreme Court Room, and delegates appeared from the followingcounties: Adams, Bartholomew, Boone, Cass, Carroll, Clark, Dearborn, Daviess, Decatur, Delaware, Elkhart, Franklin, Fayette, Green, Grant, Hancock, Huntington, Hendricks, Henry; Johnson, Jennings, Jefferson, Knox, Lagrange, Laporte, Marion. Morgan, Montgomery, Monroe, Scott, Tippecanoe, Washington, and Orange, Owen, Putnam, l'arke, lianuoipn, ot. dosepn, Stark, Shelby. Spencer, Ohio, Switzerland, Sul livan, Union, Vigo, Wabash, Warren, Fountain and Wayne. Reports from the County Societies, and Essays on different subjects were laid before the Board. . A considerable number of specimens ot Apples and grains, of wool, manufactures, fcc, were spread on the tables. Committees were appointed to examine these specimens, to propose a place of holding the next State r air, and to memorialize the .Legislature to authorize county Agricultural Societies to bold real estate for Fair grounds. aESOLUTIONS offered and adopted. By Mr. Reeves, instructing the committee on Premiums to offer a premium for the best specimen of burnt clay tiles for underdrains. ' By Mr. llowland, that the Board abolish all minimums in making out the premium list, and require all competitors on grains to file a written statement of the mode of tillage, the cost of cultivation, the quantity produced, and the quality of the soil. 15y Dr. .brown, that a committee ot three oe appointed to memorialize the Legislature on the importance of a thorough geological survey and mapping of the State, so as to exhibit the Geolo gy, .topography, .Mineralogy, boil, limber, kc, of every section of land in the state, and solicit that body to make the appropriation necessary to accomplish this object. Messrs. Brown, Lane and r reeland were ap pointed said committee. By Mr. Waggoner, directing a premium to be offered for the best mode of cultivating wheat. By Mr. Morrison, that premiums offered for crops be divided into two classes, so as to distinguish between crops raised on alluvial and prairie soils from those raised on clay upland soils. . By Mr. Farnas, that a liberal premium be offered for the greatest weight of beef and pork, the exhibitor giving well authenticated evidence of the age and blood of the animal, and the daily process and cost ot feeding. By Mr. Line, directing a committee to be appointed to prepare a list of questions to be answered by each competitor for premiums on grain, embodying the information required by the list, and that the list be recommended for the adoption of county societies. Messrs. Morrison, Reese, Matson and Boone, were constituted said committee. By Mr. Matson, asking the members of the StateBoard and Delegates present to furnish, during the current year, more articles for publication in the Agricultural papers of our State. By Mr. Line, directing the appointment of a committee to prepare a stringent measure for the action of the Legislature against sheep killing dogs. Messrs. Line, Dennis and Lane were appointed said committee. By Mr. Howland, requesting the Executive Committee to offer a premium to tsstthe beneficial effects of the roller, by requiring the competitors to cultivate a field of not less than ten acres, of equal quality and fertility, and giving the same cultivation to the whole; but one half to be rolled, the other half to be left unrolled. By Mr. Dennis, instructing the President of the Stale Board to ask our Representatives in Congress to use their influence to obtain the establishment at Washington City, of an AgriculDepartment, whose chief officer shall be a member of the Cabinet; and instructing the Presidents of County Societies to procure and forward petitions from their respective counties of the same tenor. By Mr. Matson, that premiums in silver ware, in place of money premiums, be given to those who may desire it. By Gov. Wright, that each County Society be requested to send a delegate to attend the meetings of the Executive Committee, to aid in making committees of awards, or to communicate from each Society the names of suitable persons to be placed on awarding committees. The Secretary will give notice to the County Societies of the passage of this resolution, the time and place of the meeting of the Executive Committee, and of the absolute necessity of the County Societies aiding in this matter. By Mr. Vawter, that it be made the duty of the Secretary of each County Society, upon its organization, to notify the Secretary of this Board of such organization, and that then it be the duty of the Secretary of this Board to furnish such County Society with the requirements of this Board a list of such questions to competitors as may be adopted by this Board, and all other information necessary to enable the officers of such County Societies to understand theirduties, and for such services be allowed to collect a reasonable fee from such County Societies. The questions referred to in the foregoing resolution are as follows: What is the quality of the soil ou which the crop was grown? Bottom? Upland? Prairie? General depth of the soil? On what is it based? Gravel? Sand? Limestone beds? Hard or compost clay? What, if any natural streams of water pass through or near the field? Artificial drains, if any? The manner of their construction and approximate cost? If manures are used, what kind? What season of the year, quantity and manner of application? Time and manner of planting? Kind of seed? Where obtained and how prepared? Time of breaking? Depth, and if subsoiled the manner of doing it? Manner of tillage? '.-, What the greatest yield per tcre? . The average yield of the whole crop? Cost per acre of producing crop, including seed, manure and tillage? How long has this mode of tillage been' pursued by you, and how do the results of former years compare with the crop placed in competition? The Report of the Treasurer of the State . Board was received, and after being referred to a committee, was examined and concurred in. . It shows the receipts of the last State Fair to be $4,000; entire receipts, $7,500, and expenditures about $7,000; leaving on hand $500. Dr. Brown, from the Committee, reported a -memorial on the subject of a Geological Survey; concurred in, and ordered to be laid before the Legislature by the President of the Board. On motion, the Executive Committee was directed to fix the time of holding the State Fairs on the years when there was no general election,

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