Liberty Express, Volume 14, Number 24, Liberty, Union County, 12 January 1917 — Page 4

Tl T .1 T m 1 iii.irkd the closing months of 1P15. Such i IlC LilUCl'iy Li'XpreSS (icnnjniiinj, speculation in the war inF.TAGLi3HEü 1SC3. idu-trials as tluit which collapsed in DeOiiicial Paper of Union County. : einher is not hkeiy t be soon np.-atcd. PUBLISHED LVtRY FRIDAY IN THE i ,,s ,M''" nw "'very from INTEREST CF UNION COUNTY IN the recent break, there is little expectaGENERAL AND THE TOWN OF 'Jon of foi mT high pri--s heilig mioii LIDERTY IN PARTICULAR. ilttaii:e.l. Pea.e or no peace, war ConTHE EXPRESS PRINTING CO. ; tliUt for 1,,e lV,tt',, s,at'" n' "'r" K. U bKIirUBlt II. M. HUGHES jmanontly on the wane. The first check

ufllce In Huit FJ)ok. Liberty, Indiana. ; upon loreigu war ortlers was tue warnLiberty Telephone No. 154. j in" of the Federal Reserve Board against . i Eni rod as K.cond CIhss Matter at the British treasury notes. Next came the fust UÜioe at Liberty. Indiana. j ability of C.ieat Britain to manufacture p . . i ?

i an innm-nsc increase in ner own n i-

SUDSCRIPTION Hy Mat!. (Hie Year Hy Mail. Months.... Ity Mall. Three Months.

RATES

.$1.25

.35

Advertisers Hates on application. Local KadmR Notices, per line &C. lUack race Iaicu'.s. per line 10c. CHANGE OF ADDRESS Always give former address as well aa the new one, when ordering paper chanced. 1 li.Iav. January 12, 1!M7.

jtioiis as well as a portion for her alli-s;

65; also that henceforth Canada w ill receive

'the overflow onlers which had Wen coinling to the United States. The most po- ( tout factor, however, in discouraging war (orders is the irrevocable pence drift. Despite the failure of recent pence move

ment, despite the vigorous preparations on both sides fr an even more bitter struggle, anil Iopite the maze of con

flicting assertions and misleading in

I ood for thought I a cheap as ever.! formation, two facts become, more and - j more overwhelming, viz., on one Hide An ioMt person U a merciless, critic, j tlu Krowjnjj strength ami aversion to . , . . I j a premature ieaee, on the other supSdiik' neonie invested in war sto ks j ... , . - ,, , . .. j posed weakness and an intense desire for and others gambled m them. 1 . 'peace. Undeniably the drift towards Kidently Uinperor William would not i peace is becoming daily stronger. There mind a peace prize or two for himself. ! much fear that a ruthless submarine i . . I warfare may involve the United States; W onder if tin; Kaiser and the Sultan yet it hardly seems credible that Qerevehan'd thiistmas card this year! many will deliberately destroy friendly

relations with the strongest of all neu-

l'itv someone cannot administer a

gentle anaesthetic to all Europe.

trals; the one nation that can be of priceless service to all belligerents. Ger-

Germany's idea nppears to be to fur- man diplomacy must appreciate that

insh the peace and let the entente na-l" " nounng to gain ana mucn to

ti.ms furni-.h the pieces. j ,ORe D7 precipitating a breacn with the - i I' I United States which could only result in

'Germany not asking peace" said ain:1)ry to lerBeif. with other bellieer-

lieadliiie. in other words, she was merely asking that the subject be broached.

cuts, some friction must be expected while such strenuous conditions remain;

Had Germany's peace oiler been ac-jl,,,t Io,1ff a8 those at the head of af-

ceptcd. would its terms have been writ-I,i,,r8 preserve cooi neaus, no serious con

ten on a scrap of paper? Small countries often Lave large armies, judging by the number of Roumanians made prisoners.

sequences need be anticipated.

DYESTUFFS. The much-debated dyestuff census pre

pared by the Bureau of Foreign and Do-

17..WUM! tons givntcr than in 1JI15, the Iis- of coal in the manufacture of i-oke was greater by 20..)0U.imm tons, exports inen ael about T.iio.immi n, t tons, the coal mines used ."ihi.ihm) tons more for steam and heat, and the increase in consumption, mainly by the manufacturing industries, was 21.on.noo tons. The iih-reased consumption of bituminous oal by the railroads and industrial interests of the ountry luriiig the year brought about a condition in which th' demand for coal was greater than the ability of the railroads to deliver it. and in some localities greater than the ability if the mines to produce it, lMcaii-e of scarcity of labor. There is nit lack of coal in the ground, or of mines from which it can be obtained. Th soft -coal mines, however, are not equipped to store coal that has been mined, and the coal must be loaded into railroad cars as soon as it is dug in fact, the miners as a general rule do not go int a mine unless the 'ars are on hand to take the day's output. The gn-ater part of the bituminous eoal produeed in 1!1 was bold on contracts at prices (agreed upon during the early part of the year) that represented increases little if any more than the increases in wages granted the miners. The high prices at which the small quantity of coal not contracted for was sold during the last three months of the year were the result of excess of demand over supply. The buyers bid the price up, and as happens in the marketing of any article or commodity under like conditions, there was doubtless some speculative holding and trading that tended to raise prices. This factor and the inclination of the middleman and retailer to exact extra profits are not believed to have been any greater as regards coal than as regards other necessities whose prices have risen during the last few months.

Opossums are not tent to the White J mcstic Commerce, of the Department of

House these days should worry.

The White House

Charles K. Hughes is to be president after all but it's of the New York State l!ar Association.

Anyway, " Col. Roosevelt will admit that Piesldciit Wilson has kept him out of war.

European cabinets seem to be constructed on the plan of these adjustable bookcases.

The Crown Prince is the one German general that the Allies stem able to whip. ... t

Possibly from now on "Rouniania for the Roumanians" will be the Russian war cry. Somehow or other the Germans don't seem able to attain the same speed on the western front as tl.ey do on the eastei n.

Mr. Asijiiith refuses to be an carl. Such :i title would no more ornament him that it would have beautified William E. Gladstone.

Kaiser Wilhelm pet haps is soothed by the thought that neither did Noah's peace dove accomplish anything on its lirst trip. Coining o soon after their institution, Germany's peace proposal is rather uncomplimentary to those armored autos.

The view of the protectionists is that the United States is unprepared for peace that the country could not en1 ure it.

Just as soon as the talk of "who started the war" begins to lull, the Germans stir up a new "controversy as to who ii to Ihme for keeping it up. It was j;ist J.loyd George's luck to have tho peace proposal burst immediatdy after he reached the center of the tage.

The Allies have closed the door on the German peace term, but it may prove toitunate that they haven't closed it on their own.

"he redmn of Gm. .JolTre'a authoriindicates that France must have been pretty well satisfied with her military position. The Geilnau submarines here lately n-m to have taken to sinking Danish vessels, but it was generally felt that the supply of Norwegian ships wouldn't lust forever.

When you think of what must be his

present tdate of mind, it's hard not to frgie ox-Candidate Hughes for anything objectionable that he said or did turirig his campaign. The final government crop figures hhow that our jield of wheat this year actually is 32,O0O,0(i0 bushels larger than earlier estimates. One explanation is said to be that the farmers of the West, in giving statements of yield to government oflicials, made them as low as possible to help along the feeling that the shortage would be acute. Either that, or the experts are poor gupssers. PEACE OR NO PEACE. Henry Clews writes that the first week of the new year witnessed a partial clearing of the uncertainties which

Commerce is a careful enumeration of

the dyes imported into this country from Europe during the year preceding the war and is published to assist American manufacturers in estimating the normal demand for each individual color. The extent to which most colors have been used in this country has in the past been known only to the importers of the foreign product. The American dyestuff manufacturer cau judge from the published report ju6t how much of each color was consumed in this country in a normal year. This will enable him to meet demands approxl-i1--f.cvi -je-iUv -t m-x ncj:'.-. menting. One large eastern dye maker has already announced that an examination of the proofs of the census baa enabled his firm to save a million dollars and a year of misdirected efTort. It is now generally admitted that any intelligent effort to build up a comprehensive, self-contained American coaltar chemical industry must rest upon the solid foundations of accurate statistical data concerning the American market for artificial colors. In no other way can the creators of such an industry avoid duplication, overlapping, waste and blundering, tentative struggles to ad

just productive mechanism to a vague,

indefinite demand. Without such data the future industry will be heavily handicapped by permanent overhead charges. In the dyestuffs census the government has gathered together the statistics needed. The work was compiled from customs documents in the possession of the Treasury Department and several months were required by Dr. Norton and a staff of clerks to assemble and tabulate the data. It id the first time that a census of colors has been compiled by any government.

COAL SMASHES RECORD. The production and consumption of coal in the United States in 1916 exceeded all past records. The quantity of bituminous coal mined last year is estimated by C. E. Lesher, of the United States Geological Survey, as slightly more than 509,000,000 net tons, an increase, compared with 1915, of more than Cti,500,000 tons, or 15, and great-

-r hq .11,000,000 tons than the record of 1913. Data furnished by the Anthracite Iiureau of Information indicate that the production of Pennsylvania Anthracite was 88,312.000 net tons, about 000,000 tons less than in 1915. The total output of coal in the United States is thus estimated at 59700,000 net tons, and the official figures when compiled may show 000,000,000 tons, compared with 570,000,000 tons in 1913. This estimate, which is to be followed

shortly by a more detailed statement, shows that the increase was general, only three states, Maryland, Oklahoma and Texas, having had a smaller production than in 1915. The largest increase was in Ohio, whose production in 1910 is estimated at 37,000,000 tons, compared with 22,435,000 tons in 1915, a gain of 65. Colorado, New Mexico, Virginia and Washington show increases of more than 20, and Kentucky, Montana, North Dakota, Tennessee, West Virginia and Wyoming ot 14 to 18. In Pennsylvania the increase was about 17,000,000 tons, or 11. The consumption of coal by the railroads in 191P. is estimated to have been

1 1 E A ETI I LEG I SLATI0N. The old belief in individual freedom is rapidly disappearing under the attacks of science. Thirty years ago a beginning bad scarcely b-en made. Almost

daily now new taboos are being accepted. Control in health matters is progressing at an amazing rate. Cities, courts, legislatures, Congress itself, are listening with a good deal of attentiveness to the mandates of the doctors. The conseueuee is that public policies are being evolved which would appear strange dogmas to the individualists who founded the nation. Y'et the fresb idea of social necessity is so 6trong that the constitution is forced to accept it. A summary of the important health laws passed during lOlti and the court decisions handed down during the year gives an interesting measure of the progress of this movement. The federal

public ''ßCxirtrcrrtcrrtäiüui

pilation in its annual report. California, for example, began to require persons suffering from tuberculosis to be registered before they are permitted to move. The local health officers are ordered to notify the authorities of the place to which the patient intends to go. Furthermore, the health officers must investigate the conditions under which the sick person lives. Nobody will quarrel with such a measure. Yet it emphasizes a wholly new tendency in American government. Kansas took a similar step. The local health officers are instructed in that state to investigate and to report the cases of all persons who, though apparently well, are actually the carriers of any communicable disease. The New York legislature passed an act for the protection of communities against '"typhoid carriers." Louisiana ordeml that every house built in any community where plague has been found to be "rat proofed." In each case individual rights, once esteemed sacred, are abolished in the interest of the greater well being of the larger community. Some of the most interesting changes were recorded in court decisions. The Supreme Court upheld the right of Illinois to prohibit the use of boric acid in foods. The Sherley amendment of the pure food and drugs act, which makes ilb'gal the shipment of packages of drugs making false claims was upheld. That decision will make more difficult the traffic in patent medicines with wild ad

vertisements of curative powers. The Supreme Court of Kentucky sustained the right of a county board of health to vaccinate all the school chil

dren of a given community. The board of health of Jefferson County had or

dered the vaccination of all children. The school trustees of Highland Park resisted the enforcement of the order. The Supreme Court insisted upon compliance with the health rule. An Oregon law prohibits the publication of advertisements regarding medicines claiming to cure venereal diseases. Advertisers are likewise forbidden to claim such curative skill for themselves. The high court of the etafe upheld the statute. The most rigid manifestation of the new social control d.als, however, with habit-forming drugs. In North Carolina a law which makes the mere possession of cocaine, except under certain specified circumstances, illegal, was upheld. In New York a mother was awarded damages because of the sale of heroin to her child. The boy was shown to have become a drug victim. The Harrison anti-narcotio law continued to expand in mioui parts of the

eon n try. In Ohio a federal district court decreed that only physicians engaged in the legitimate practice of their profession could be r-gistered under the law. Doctors who prescribe by mail were said by the court not to be legitimate practitioners. In Tennessee the mere possession of opium prepared for smoking was held to be an offense unb'ss thv owner can prove that it in not importMl after April 1, 199. The shipment of opium by a person not registered under the law was also d'clar'd to be proof of guilt by the same court.

of England and of France dreaded any-' If it is to be a fight to a finish, Amerij thing which would commit them definite-.cans must realize that they 6tand at the jly to action, one wayor the other, as to brink of a frightful chasm. It is scarcej the disposal of Constantinople. jly possible that America can remain

The point, itself, is no longer of urgent outside the war. importance for the moment merely, ofj The German Einfror. toIay. is ma-i.r course. The nephew of Ird Salisbury is f a vast military camp, organiz.-d from in 'charge of England's foreign office; j top to bottom, stretching from northc n Lloyd George's cabinet smacks in more, France and Belgium to the tip oi Gal ways than one of high Tory imperialism; liKli consuming whole kingdoms as it the decisions will be more likely to be ; strengthens its lines against the Russian influenced by Carlton Club sentiment 'sectors.

THE EASTERN PROBLEM., It was but natural and proper that the opinions expressed in the Far East and since his return to America by Judge Elbert II. Gary have attracted widespread attention. Judge Gary's views are always important. In this case they were accepted as the impressions of one of the most representative American industrial leaders regarding matters concerning the greatest field for industrial development ever offered since human Industry began. Judge Gary made the statement that "during the last few decades, at least, China has not kept peace with others in the progressive march of nations." However, from another point of view, this may almost be considered a reverse of the truth. "During the past few decades" China has proved more progressive in many most important matters than any "modrn" nation can boast within a similarly brief period of time, and this despite conditions that seemed to block progress in China. Pekln, a decade ago And to day is strong evidence. The story of three revolutions within five year that have changed the entire character of the government of some 400,000,000 people almost without bloodshed was a wonderful accomplishment, and the gain in scientific and practical kniwledge and achievement has rarely if ever ben equaled in so short a time. - Judge Gary paid a very graceful tribute to the givernment if China, He said: ''The present government i an honest, unselfish, capable, industrious and harminioua organization. There are statesmen in China of high intelligence and qualifications. It should be only a question if time when the internal strifes that are prevalent and have done so much to obstruct and retard legitimate growth and prosperity will have ceased; when the peoples of the different provinces will be pacified and possessed of a spirit of genuine loyalty and patriotism. This is what is especially needed in China, and this is what will be experienced when there is a clear and general

understanding of the motives o5-scse .

now in governmental controL" I XL,

7iiaTwaVixniTJ

Americans will endorse ; Judge Gary's statement that "China needs and desires the sympathy and neighborly support of the people of the United States." Rut when Judge Gary seems to take for granted Japanese suggestions that America could co-operate through Japan in the development of China, it is to be feared that he is not in possession of all the facts. Desirable as such co-operation might be, it is- useless to talk of "American co-operation through Japan in China" until Japan has first satisfied the government and the people of China that she means to play the game fairly in China. It would be little short of criminal to attempt it, from the view point of our own obligations towards China, while it would be, committing commercial suicide, considering merely our own interests in the future trade of China, unless Japan is prepared to make a record quite different from anything heretofore done by her.

than by Reform Club sentiment. Now, while it is true that towards the end of his life the most noble uncle of the present British foreign minister once casually observed, that, in the matter of Russia and Turkey and '78, England "had backed the wrong horse," from that moment until his death he moved neither a finger nor a foot to vary from its tra-

Germany is not 'lMttl'd up" so long as her submarine can carry the war from Kiel ami Heligoland to the great steamship lanes. Victorious on land, her navy and mercantile marine still safe from the British Grand Fleet, who thinks that Geimany will consent to be "crushed" without a return to fright fulness possible, lirst,

PEACE AND OTHER IOSSIBILITIES. For more than a month before Germany took the bull by the horns and notified the Anglo-French-Russian coalition of her willingness to discuss peace, there were signs and portents aplenty of important fluctuations of feeling in the chancellories of Europe. It is a surprising fact that although practically every metropolitan newspaper published under bold scareheads a few Inches apart the news of the recent cabinet revolt against Asquith and the hitherto secret agreement to award Constantinople to Russia, not an editor in the United Starts thought of coupling the two cable dispatches together and "scooping" his fellows on the actual "story of the day." What had been no secret for months In many widely scattered places upon the earth remained on Park Row an unsuspected sensation, an undiscovered "beat." Upon the matter of awarding to Russia (of course, upon the principle of skinning the bear before it has been killed) the world's most valuable waterway, the Dardanelles, many have thought that the Anglo-French-Russian coalition would split. The day that Winston Churchill was forced out of the British Admiralty men who 'have given years to the- study of the Eastern question suspected that which they now believe actually happened. The changes in the Russian high command and the southeastern swing of Russia's apparently most effective corps and corps commanders strengthened the suspicion. Some have even gone so far as to imagine a connection between the successive collapse of every Allied effort in the Balkans and in the entire near eastern theater of war and the fact that many wise men highln the councils

4 date

the British Isles and complexly cut American communication with England. Scotland and In-land? A nation at bay has the manners of a mad dog. And when it is all over what then Who will be the real victor? Ask Russia? Ask Japan? The Herald's Tokyo dispatch is most intelligible to those who have been studying carefully the series of u tich-s recently runnipg through Japanese publications discussing the probable "after the war" situation. These articles make it fully clear that American and European diplomacy will be called ujon to tackle other things besides "The Prussian Menace." THESHEPFÄRDBILL.

ditional course British policy in the near! on a limited seale surhYient to

East. When Mr. Balfour succeeded Ixird Salisbury in the premiership and leadership of the conservative party, the present British foreign minister (with his cousin of Lansdowne interpreting the foreign policy of the then cabinet) preserved continuity of the traditional max im "Keep Russia out of the Dardanelles and the Persian Gulf." Viscount Grey re-shuffled the cards not long after he became foreign minister under Sir Henry Campbell-Banner-man. -It remains to be seen, however, how far he committed himself to Russia. The Shuster incident at Teheran was significant it is not even yet convincing testimony that Grey or the Asquith ministry which had followed that oi the Scots "knight of the jest" made up their minds to purchase Russian friendship at the cost of the key to the huge imperial scheme planned and pushed to partial completion by the father of modern British imperialism, Benjamin Disraeli. England was still careful to hang on to the tail of Persia. Grey concentrated all his great gifts in the effort to find light and safety in the darkness and dangers of the Balkan muddle. Undoubtedly, be was sparring for time and for opportunity, but the fates and Germany's Bagdad railway designs, interBalkan squabbles and rivalries duly fi

nanced and intensified by ever-alert Ber

lin and Vienna observers, were against him and proved too much for him. Grey's

eye was on Thibet when the crash came

The finishing touch was to be put to the Greater India project prepared by the

Younghusband expedition.

"We backed the wrong horse," said Salisbury, thinking of 78 thinking as the lineal descendant of William Cecil, the Lord Burleigh of Elizabeth's reign,

thinking as the colleague of Disraeli in the Berlin Congress thinking of the Armenian atrocities agaiet which and "the unspeakable Turk" Gladstone was thun

dering. What, then could England in

18ST9 or can she row 'prefer "Turkey with

Russian dressing to "Tun... 'with Ger

man dressing" ? The alternative is (practically speaking) inevitable. Canadian wheat and Australian wool will be stronger British arguments against the Russofication of the Dardanelles than they might have been in '78 or '99 apart from the political objections, the Suez route, "The Russian wedge between the inland sea and India," etc. These things cannot very well be openly dicuased, just now, in London; but the brains of England are not in the boots or bayonets of her soldiers. Mr. Lloyd-George has to consider the future a well as the present. The situation in India undoubtedly demands attention and action. The situation in China is critical from the British viewpoint. Are France and England to be bled white for the benefit of allies who fight for profit while France and England fight for principle? The nerald's Tokyo correspondent cables that Japan will never consent to turn back Kiaochau to Germany. If a peace conference should force a Japanese ministry to restore German control over Kiaochau something would be likely to crack at Tokyo. Japan has announced to the world that, "eventually," Kiaochau is to be restored to her rightful owner, China. But if Germany is to lose Kiaochau (her lurid advertisement in the Far East) there will have to be some sort of compensation, somewhere unless Germany is oeaten on land as well as on the water (under the water, however "frightfully," she has taken most of the tricks), unless Germany Is crushed, Prussian prestige shattered, and peace dictated by the Allies. The Allied crossing of the Rhine, the capitulation of Berlin, the "crushing of the Prussian menace," the "starvation of the Central Powers" these things seem farther off today than they seemed last Christmas Day. They must remain 'dreams of those who think with their hearts and not with their heads until the situation is changed by some such combination of circumstances as the following: A definite understanding among the Allies as to whether Russian and Japanese schemes of conquest are compat

ible with their own near eastern and far eastern interests. The mobilization of Allied man power and economic power upon fair and equal terms. The discovery of some Allied military genius and entrustment to him of the entire military conduct of the war. Then, stick with the realization that all the horrors since August, 1914, are merely grim preliminaries to the more ghastly years ahead of the whole world.

By a vote of fifty-five to thirty-two the Senate Tuesday passed t lie Sheppard bill prohibiting (Tie sale of liquor in the District of Columbia. An amendment to the bill providing for the submission of the question to the people of the District was defeated by a vote of forty-three to forty-three. On the ba-is of the vote on the bill, it is hard to see how prohibition can be made a partisan issue. In the Senate party lines were shattTed. Twenty-eight Democrats and twenty-seven Republicans voted for the measure, while twenty-two Democrats and ten Republicans voted against. The affirmative vote would admittedly have been larger and the referendum amendment been adopted. But in that case the question would have been, not so much as to the merits of prohibition, as whether the people of the District of Columbia should say whether they wanted it or not. Both the Indiana senators voted for the referendum, and when that was defeated, for the bill. They have been charged with inconsistency, the theoiy being that their vote for a referendum bound them to oppose prohibition in the District without a referendum.. The InIndianapolis News says in an editorial: "If statesmen wore neTr.ilty of a worse inconsistency than this there would be little to complain of. Senators Kern and Watson may have been for prohibition, and yet have boon willing to give the people a chance to express their view. The fact that other senators were unwilling to give them such a chance surely did not bind the Indiana senators to vote against the bill when it came up on its merits." In many "particulars the measure is drastic. Here is the language of the prohibitive section: "No person or persons, or any house,

company, association, cjud or corpora

tion, his, its, or their agents, officers,

clerks or servants, directly or indirectly, shall, in the District of Columbia, manu

facture for sale or gift, import for sale,

offer for sale, keep for sale, traffic in,

barter, export, ship out of the District

of Columbia, or exchange for goods or

merchandise, or solicit or receive orders for the purchase of any alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes, or for any other than scientific, medicinal, pharmaceutical, mechanical, sacramental or other noiibeverage purposes." The well-known "locker system" is expressly forbidden. However, the bill does permit the importation of liquors for personal use, though under carefully

drawn restrictions. It is believed that

the House will pass the bill, and that the President will sign it.

"Say," asked the first messenger boy, "got any novels ter swap?"' "I got Snake-foot Dan's Revenge,'" replied the other. "Is it a long story?" "Nah! Ye kin finish it easy in two messages." Philadelphia Press.

Jimmie giggled when the teacher read the story of the Roman who swam across the Tiber three times before breakfast. "You do not doubt a trained swimmer could do that, do you, James?" "No, sir," answered Jimmie; "but I wonder why he didn't make it four and get back to the side his clothes were on." Exchange.

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