Hammond Times, Volume 7, Number 230, Hammond, Lake County, 28 February 1913 — Page 9

Friday, February 28, 1913.

THE TIMES.

The Housing, Problem In Lake County BY EDNA C. HATFIELD OF THE LAKE COUNTY JUVENILE COURT

INTRODUCTION. No other county In the state of Indiana, faces the housing problem that Lake county does. I had almost said

not only Indiana, but in any other

In to the north and wast with about 5.000 are. both older towns, which, howeiver, have received In the last few years a new Impetus In grrowth. So that here within a radius of tan miles

state in the country. Few towns of J we have four cities, each distinct wlth-

Butcher'a bill every week seven, eight ! company has put up the. houses to rent dollar. The baby eleht month.- In ' to Its employes. This district Is six winter two month after New Year, I j squares long by two squares wide, don't know how you call him month, I There are 21 rows of houses, each row

boy come. Jesus, misses, cold like hell. I built to accommodate ten families. The

Much coal to buy. The man flushed as i rows are set in regular order, the he apologized for his English, saying j fronts facing what ought to be the that he could understand everything , street and the rears factng on alleys that I said, but could not tell me in i next which are smaller rows of out-

English. He said he had worked with ! houses. Everything in the district Is

the future Americans. It is our re- covered shack. On Massachusetts near own coal compartment, but there , are sponsibllity to help these people . to 16th it stands about 30 feet from the only two toilets for the eight families, understand from the time they land sidewalk In front. Probably the most These are mere niches about three feet

upon our shores that the very funda-j significant thing about this home 1 j wide by two feet back, with merely a mental principle of American life Is ; that the toilet stands right in the front strip nailed across to serve as seats.

the freedom from class that there Is yard about twenty'feet from the house, ' There Is no sewer connection, but the Much coal to buy. The man flushed as ' rows are set in regular order, the

no law to prevent a man from the j a little to the right of the front door, j toilets are cleaned by the street man. very lowest point in the scale from : This outbuilding is of rough boards, ' And these people are paying at the rising to the very highest If he has j the spaces between which are In places rate of three dollars a room for unwlthln him the ability. The first thing two and three inches a piece of tent ; furnished rooms! these people require Is a place to go j canvas serves as a door. There Is no Gary No. 8. Another row bearingto a place to lay their heads. Then : sewer connection. In the house there j tne pretentious name of "The Swedto begin with, let us give them decent j are four divisions these divisions can ' en." There are nine "apartments" of homes. And having made that be- j scarcely be called rooms but rather . two rooms each. The two front ones ginning, having helped, them to see j three little cupboards off the largest , rent for $6 a month the others for 5 that America 1. a country of homes, j room, which is probably 10 by 14 feet, j a month. An income of $47 a month we will have gone for toward making , Gary No. 5. A Croation family lives for the building. As In the preceding of them what we want them to be here a mother and father and two row there is no sewer connection. One loyal Americans. I beautiful dark-eyed children. For this pump must serve for all. but this is not Typea of Homes. I little home they pay $6 a month for used instead the families eo across

In considering the housing question ' a "ttle shack so cold In winter they tne street and into other lots to city

in Lake county I have taken first some ca" ""ily munagf: 10 Keep warm; lor water hydrants. The outhous

many people, and talked, as he. explained it. many ways. There is one thing about the foreign people they use a great deal of profanity. Not as such. Had they the least Idea that

uniform in the type of house. In the sand everywhere, In the utter lack of sidewalks, in the utter absence of any spear of grass or anything with a hint

of green, except he few sand burrs

the present day can show the rapid i in itself with a combined population ! tynical "homes" from Garv. Hammond, there is no plastering on the walls, no time at th rpar r,r tv, ,

yet substantial growth that these lake j of almost 90.000. A population In- East Chicago and Indiana Harbor paper on the Inside and the tar paper toilet rooms serve the nine families. , we should have the mknow?

they were transgressing even a law j that, struggle up through the sand, of politeness, they would not use It j thing, there can be no mud. The before me; for they are extremely po- j houses are unpalnted of boards on the lite and Courteous, as they understand j outside and boards on the Inside. An politeness and courtesy. But their use ! apartment consists of four rooms; two of the profanity Is merely their use of j below and two above. Or If the family

e is this!tne American language that again is i wishes it can rent only the two below. w. Two ' America to them. Is this the America j The apartments rent complete for $10

i a montn, or b ror tne two downstairs

towns can. They are among Graham i creasing so fast fa at it Is impossible ' home sthat illustrate, our nrohlom which originally covered the outside th dn.r Mnr u i l el n.rV n .k : rooms and $4 for the two upstairs

Taylor s "Satteilte Cities.." Set down p """"" " iw naa n , The first set are Gary. No. 1 and No. 2 18 almost an torn on. leaving only a and 6. 7. 8, 9. Each family has its coal ; another row of houses. Rental $6 f or , roomB- rnaK,r, lne ren a room

two rooms, two toilets serving for the

downstairs and $2 up. Tne walls are

upon the shifting sands of Lake Mich-I not been for the godsend of the tar ) are two views of a little two-room barrier of rough boards between them shed. At this time the nine families

igan. It as as though we feared the j PP" many oi oary a working- I black shack about 9 by 18 feet, owned an" the cold. When asked if they included 34 people and one of the famledges of the lake would curl back and mn mu8t nave nad no plaoe to go to ; By the French family who occupy It. Planted anything In the yard In the ues ker)t some boarders. In one apartso have pinned them down with huge ter work but the bare sand. j xt 1b typical. It consists of a frame- summer, the woman smiled and sall:,ment one familv had no rhi'drfn four

Industrial plants surrounded by clus- j The gravity of the houslnar situation i work covered by unlaoDed weather-; "Me no plant; me no dirt." and looked men lived in one anartmom' twA famt- colored. In mnnv nt th rnw how. kept closed to keep the heat Indoors.

ters of dwellings and community j Is complicated a hundred fold by the J boarding, the wohle covered with tar longingly at her neighbor's poor toma- lies had one child each, three had two I ever, the families are mixed up so that ! Foul aJr etc- are also keP ln- Tne

seven families. The husband of the ' unpapered. The rooms are very warm nmn i , rf-wo-u- w In summer and very cold in winter. In

day. All the families in this row are

cold weather the windows must be

buildings as the small stones in the j great rorelgn population. When the paper. It Is very near to the heart of to vines in a little i ty 6 enclosure at children, and two had three children. ! the question of nationality becomes setting. Gary. Indiana Harbor, East j figures for the whole county show 65 ; Gary Just two squares west of her front door, where she had brought The nationalities representedy were ' doubly complicated by that of race. Chicago, Hammond, Whiting; these j per cent foreign population,, some Idea ' Broadway on Ninth. This is a squat- ln some black dirt from the prairie. Slavish. Austrian. Polish and Servian. Again, is this America? To our Ameritowns are located ln what is known j can be had of our great obligation to ter family who pay $5 a month rent For 'ou must know that there is not I asked one woman who was talking can standards there Is something exas the Calumet region comprising the j these people ln presenting to them the ! for the lot a sand space and nothing everi dlrt here, unless brought ln from to me and who was herself a Servian, ! tremely repellant ln the idea of social

J l-l.l , . . . I- A T1. a' A a n . .1 . , : . 1 . . 4VAav.omno n n V I a ...lln .3 I .... .

uisiiici in iw iiunii uu vjt uancjrtuicuva -n i mi l inpm to . Know ana : more. j raoiner, iainer, son ana o .1..3, .,,,0 o.- iui mm uui- n tne Servians were not at this time county through which runs the Grand ; love for their home. Many of these daughter live ln this shack. ' lars a load. Housekeepers might think leaving for their own countrv on ac-

Calumet river.

people who have come to us have come Gary No. 3 shows the home of an ' tn,s a most desirable place to live! count of the Balkan war. She ex-

; Gary, the town farthest east and i trom the very poor classes in Europe Italian family. It Is a two-room shack But sand is quite as effective as dirt plained that those under the Servian south, has crown ln six vears from! and ave come to use with a com- in the rear of a business building on to keep housekeepers busy! At this king must, but that her man was un-

nothing to a population of conserva- P'te class consciousness. The laborer Washington and Ninth. In this home 8nacK a Poor attempt nas been made der Franz Joseph and would not have tolerate such conditions, yet those con-

ditions mean America to the poor for-

equallty between whites and blacks, but we are kot forcing this upon the poorer foreigners by the renting of property without discrimination. Our

American born poorer whites will not

tively 35,000. Just around the lake that class has no. conception of live a mother and father, uncles and against flies. Strips of rotten mosqut- to go. The building is set up against and to the north and. west Is Indiana ; vnat it means ln America to rise above aunts and cousins, all dumped in to-; to bar hang at the windows. In this other buildings so that there is no Harbor which has grown to 10,000 j h,s surroundings. He cannot under- gether. Here agaln the check Is own- block the shacks are in a group and back yard hence washings must be

population ln ten years. East Chicago ; stand at first that a decent home, neat ed by the occupants who pay for the Is a little older, having reached a pop- ! furniture and respectable clothing are lot and who moved the shack onto the

ulation of about 9,000 ln twenty-four ; ror "'m. He knows that these things lot and leaned It up against the buildyears. These two latter towns, while ; exlst. also that they do not cost much, lng in front. On my first visit the one municipality, are In reality two 1 but he ls that they are only for shack was unpalnted. It has not been civic centers with two distinct types ! those of another class. Is this what given one coat of white paint, which of community life. Hammond to the we wait America to mean to him? We gives it a grayish appearance. The west wth 30.000 inhabitants and Whit- are rather proud of this, our America; rent paid for the lot in this instance Is

COLD EPIDEMIC ! I W01 Refund Your Money if My Cold Remedy Fails to Cure.

' Munyon

ri-

I know that my Cold Remedy win relieve the head, nose, throat and lnngs almost Immediately, and prevent Pneumonia, Bronchitis, Grippe and other diseases. Get a 25 cent bottle of these little pellets today and If vou are not perfectly satisfied with results I will refund your money. If yonr blood is Impure, or if yon are constipated, or if you have Dyspepsia, or any liver or stomach trouble, don't fail

to use Mtmyon's raw-faw nun 'iney

n curing p oca -i: 1 1 u. .

we are known sometimes to tfoast of

the fact that we do not have classes here that men rise by merit and merit alone that . we give every man his chance no matter how lowly his birth. Then are we easily going to surrender this Ideal? But how can we change the situation? It Is not our fault, you say. It is the foreigner. It is not the foreigner. He will be what we as Americans give him the opportunity to be. We were all from another country originally. But we came at a time when we had to do things ourselves, when all had an' equal share ln the responsibility. We were all ln on the scheme. But these people came here after a definite scheme had been workd1 out; when, from our point of view at least, we feel that there do exist certain stand s. And If we are to do our duty to our country leaving out of consideration any duty we might feel we had to the foreigner we must see to it that these standards be what we want America to mean to these people who are coming to us in such great numbers, and who are destined to be

$7.50. It must be remembered that these shacks are situated In practically the heart of Gary, where sand fiats are valuable. This "lot" Is the width of the business house in front

are set at various angles all tar pa- hung in the front yard. Ducks and

pered, or at one time were tar paper

ed. The door used as an entrance may face the street, or be in the rear, or at one side. All alike set down in the sand with a little room to breathe. This Is a type of home quite common in Gary the row. This row Is off Sixteenth just ofl Massachusetts. Each "apartment" consists of two rooms renting unfurnished at $6 a month. A picturesque little Italian woman explained It to me with many

and extends to the alley ln the rear j gestures and much good nature. She

a distance of perhaps twenty feet. Dirt and filth are all around. The family has a fruit wagon which stands at the back door of the house and from which they sell fruit. They have defled the sanitary officers as to the ordinance requiring them to keep the exposed fruit covered. In this home a little boy lay sick of typhoid fever. His bed, or rather cot. was ln one of the two rooms above five feet from the dining table where the family ate and drank. Flies were everywhere. Efforts to get the little boy Into the hospital were in vain. Finally, a very short time before his death, they took him to Chicago. Here he died. Typhoid fever six feet from the dining table, an open window unscreened, a fruit wagon about twenty feet from the house where fruit was exposed for sale. And Gary ate the fruit! ( Gary No. 4 shows another tar paper

and her husband and two children live

In two rooms. She said the rent was to till the street was fixed, then $6. If one wanted more than two rooms, why he might rent the two on the other side. At this time a family of colored people lived next door to her. Her baby and their baby played together. I saw them both ln the same doorway, and It was a picture. Her man worked at night for $2. She sewed for people, but It was very poor pay she was paying for her machine. I remarked that her baby was blueeyed. She said yes; "American." One pump serves for the whole row. The sidewalk Is about a foot in front of the -doorways. Between the sidewalk and the street is a five-foot plat, which, instead of being a grass plot, is filled with sand burrs. The outhouse with Its compartments is at one end of the row. Each family has Its

geese paddle around over the yard. These ' people usually have a good ducks, geese and chickens. View No. 9 is a back yard scene. A number of shacks grouped around a sort of court with what me might call the front doors ofl the inside and the back doors on the outside. Ducks, geese, chickens and a pig are kept ln this back yard in goods boxes set up ln a group. These are about twentyfive feet from the doorway. As I approached the house a woman who was drawing water from the well the water was quite brown and dirty looking.

There is nothing but sand and burrs around this home. The outlook is very dreary, with not a pleasant, cheerful thing ln sight. The reaction . of this upon child life upon our future American citizens is somewhat apalling to

think of. For remember, this to these people is America. Gary No. 10 shows the dog kennel, closet and chicken house joining the dwelling. The dwelling Is a weatherboarded shack of two rooms. For this the family pays $6 a month a family of mother, father and four children. The father, a Polish man, talked to me in his broken English. He said that day he was home from work because his back was so sick. The doctor charge him too much money. His wife have sick tooth. Rent very high, He make 12.25 a day. Not much pay.

elgners whom we force to live ln such. Hammond No. 2 and No. 3. These show a Croa Ion home. The father. has succeeded ln paying for the two-roomed house. (- ' "he mother Is dead and Mary, 11 years old, is little mother for the two other children. She does the washing, co king and homekeeplng: and poor as that is, it is a very hard task for on s so little. The toilet Is five feet fr m the house. The room where the door is ajar Is the pig pen and chicken1 coop. This room, as can be seen, joins right on to the living room. The odor Is Indescribable. There Is no sewer fconnjection. The one room vhich the family uses is bedroom, living room, dining room, and kitchen.

One day when I called, little Mary was doing the family "washing and such a washing. Her father works as a laborer ln the. Standard Steel Car shops. His coarse lothes are very dirty and very heavy for so small a girl. Tet

Mary never 'complains. Of course she is out of school very often on account of home work. And such a home! The outside looks depressing and discouraging enough, but the Inside is more cheerless still. Such a home, where there is a mother to bear a mother's burden is bad enough what must It be to a child 11 years old to try to keep? She," a future American mother and housekeeper. What must be her attitude toward life and Its responsibilities. Hammond No. 4 is a type of home In the Standard Steel district where the

water Is city water, but is not piped into the houses. One hydrant serves for five houses. In winter, these unprotected hydrants freeze .. until the families sometimes have' to go ' many (Continued on page 12.)

ONE DOSE UILL HAKE YOU FORGET That You Ever Had Stomcc!i Trouble or Gall S tones."

MATH'S WONDERFUL STOMACH MMUYtarail Stomach, Liver n4 Intestinal Trontelo,

Oaatrltls. Inrflcostion.

iTippti(, freest! ro of Gas around -tno Hoart, Saur Stomach. Diatraaa After Eating, Norvoumnoaa. Dizziness, Fainting Spalls, Mas . eoaatl. patten, CmniM . Ma TvrpM Uvr. Yllw tmun

it - - 1

xIm larajiil

I JTV.i' I if a a ami "m.

1WU s.IS

VaMx

The above ailments mrm

mainly caused by tba

cjonrin of the ta testis 1 tract with mn-

; cold and catarrhal

accretions. Daekinar vp poisonous fluids a t a

flfcACol") othenrlsa deranffinc - the digestive system,

Marr's Wonderful Stomach RemaAv ta tlia lUrt

and moat widely known Remedy for these ailments and should quickly relieve and core the mostchrania cases. Put it to a test. One dose will prove its great curative powers. It acts like magic ta the most chronic case t f Stomach. Li Ter and Intestinal ailments. Appendicitis and symptoms of flll fj r Tt.... i m l 1 1 1

.mmiw. a huuhiiui vi ivucnn sro msmy praising; the remedy and are recommending it ta others for restoring them to perfect health. . Do net permit a dangaroua aaeratiafi far these ailments until you have at least tried ana dose of this- great Remedy. Guaranteed by me to be absolutely harmless, containing no fcjurioos drug's, under the Pure Food Drag Act. Serial No. 2S793. G go. H. Mat, Mfr. Chemist. ' WhiUuj- Chic- JO, Harry's Drug Store. Citizens , Nat. Bank building. . I Harry Weia.

ME

.11. .

TOM

MJS (OF JEWEILMY

NOW GOING ON-

to sepsell our

At the (Illinois Jewelry Store 3331 rjfch Ave., 0nd.9 Harbor, Ond. In order to realize the cash to enable us arate our Indian a Hfarhor Store from our stores at Joliet, Ell., and to EMssolve Partnership we have decided to

itnugre SDMOCti au irunnc Mucumn uu Lteauze uasn iror uur sdkocli. . Our Whole Stock of the Most Beautiful Assortment of the Highest Grade of Diamonds. Watches, High Grade R. R. 23 and 21 Jewel Movements of all Makes, Fancy Clocks, Silverware, Manicure Sets, Toilet Sets, Combs, Lady's and Gents' Umbrellas, Cut Glass, Hand Painted China, Musical Instruments etc., must be sold for what it will bring. This Auction Is one oS the Most important Sales in the History ofi this County an3 Will Continue Until Our Stock Is Reduced I I W& RJiwotf Yoncnd EvepylllhiEnDgfj unnflaD (GasUo, (Sofe ty M be 2M 11 Hike DOEvjCnGotf ISudldJs We are not going out of business, everything you will purchase will Bear Our Personal1 Guarantee just the same as you would buy at our private Sale

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national reputation,

ryig. Keep your tickets you

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have a chance to win.

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)

. JDLLMOI 33311 TJichigan Avenue

JEWELRY Phone

3T0RE

Indiana Harbor, (Indiana