Kankakee Valley Post, Volume 16, Number 22, DeMotte, Jasper County, 12 April 1946 — Page 2

NEWS BEHIND THE NEWS

By PAUL MALLON

Ralttxd by Wtiurn Newepeper Union. ■ELECTION OF SMITH TO RUSSIAN POST WISE WASHINGTON. The condition of foreign afTaira la apt to become more deeply Involved before It gels better. The military man, Lt. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, (elected by

Mr. Truman to go to Rusaia as ambassador, has now been sent or his way to Moscow, presumably with new instructions on the course of Soviet - American affairs. <4y guess would be General Smith will enter Into the confusing diplomatic fray with

Gen. Smith

■ purpose of establishing the usual direct non-political approach. Diplomats seldom say what they mean; military men speak directly. With them it is a question of "What do you want?" "What have you got?" end "What do you propose to do?" The West Point schooling always has taught practical considerations. For these reasons I Judge the permanent mission of General Smith represents a fresh effort by this administration to establish some reasonable and practical grounds for future Russian negotiations. IRAN DEVELOPMENTS REMAIN DEEP MYSTERY This ander - Interpreted venture seems to me to be equally as Important as the Iranian developments which are deeply Involved In diplomacy. The filing by the Iranian government of a protest against Russia with the United Nations security council In Its provisional nature, may have been too happily Interpreted In this country. On Its face, It represented a decision by the Iranian government to stand for Ita Independence. This naturally has raised American hopes that a new stanchion has been built to resist the encroachments Russia has been making upon the basic peace doctrine of the four freedoms. The wiles of diplomacy are such however, that this conclusion must bo hedged. Some underlying doubts In the situation can be found upon analysis of the strength of the stanchion. In the first place, the new premier of the Iranian government was established after the Soviets had protested the resistance policy of the former government head. The protest of his minister here to UNO was made after his recent visit to Stalin out of which many rumors have grown.

One gtory accredited to BritIsh circles |g that the premier was told by Stalin not only that an appeal to UNO would be considered an unfriendly act aa announced—but hla government would be replaced If he tried It. On the other hand, an unaccredited rumor here anpposes that the protest will not be pressed before UNO as It occupies only a status on the provisional agenda of the council that la, It may not be taken np. Regardless of rumors or reports on either side, the status of the protest, of course, Is provisional. It can be taken up by a vote of seven members but a veto by Russia would shelve It. With matters in this Involved dip. lomatic state, the dispatch of General Smith represents the most encouraging development, and a firmer one. As nearly ss 1 can Judge, few authorities sre being swayed by the appeasement efforts such as represented most conspicuously by the speech of Senator Pepper. Big Three gatherings were Important from a publicity standpoint and were necessary when the foundations of peace had not been laid. But now that the agreements have been established, the problem is to put them Into effect. My latest Information suggests Russia has nothing of a military nature which we need fear. Specifically she docs not have the atom bomb or early prospects of getting it The bomb formula is so deeply covered by arrangements for secrecy made during the war, that It may be assumed to be safe. The need for appeasement in the face of Russia’a threatening diplomatic position la therefore not apparent. * * * The bellows of diplomacy blow faster, hot and cold. Although President Truman stood by the side of Mr. Churchill when he proposed an Anglo-American alliance. State Secretary Byrnes celebrated St. Patrick’s Day shortly thereafter with a definite rejection of tha Churchill plan. He submitted the counter-pro-posal of maintaining sufficient armaments to enforce our influence in world affairs through Joint co-opera-tion of UNO. Mr. Churchill likewise dropped hla firm manner and pinked Stalin with a needle dipped in humor.

The Washington MERRY-GO-ROUND

by DREW PEARSON

WAR NOT EXPECTED , WASHINGTON. That the Tru man cabinet Is not looking for war In the near future, despite warlike talk, was Indicated at a secret session of the senate military affairs committee recently. When Secretary of State Byrnes and Secretary of War Patterson testified In favor of an extension of the selective service act. the figures they presented on planned streugth of the army and navy were exactly the same as those presented early in January. In other words, they proposed an army of barely over a million men by July of 1947 The senators had expected that because of the complicated international situation a larger army would be asked for, but the war and state departments made no such request. When one senator asked how it happened that there was no "emergency" planning. Secretary Byrnes refused to answer. He passed the question to Secretary Patterson, who also did not reply. • • • WALLACE SPEECH CENSORED. It wasn't supposed to be known outside the cabinet, but Henry Wallace's speech at the Jackson Day dinner was censored by President Truman himself. Wallace had one line In his speech which he thought would answer Republican critics. It read: "Abraham Lincoln was not a member of our party. But he was certainly a fellow traveler.” Truman thought such a reference to the martyred Lincoln might be misunderstood and cut it out Wallace was glad to concur. • • • MEN'S SUITS It still looks like a long wait before veterans can get the clothing they need. The office of war mobilisation and reconversion will soon bring out a report on men’s clothing showing a need for 40 million suits this year but production plans for only about 28 million. The report will also show that first quarter production has been only about 8 million, and officials of the civilian production administration are worried sick that even the goal of 28 million suits for 1948 will not be met. There Is no sign yet that the Increase In prices granted this month by OPA will mean more men's suits. There are Indications, however, that large stocks of snits are being held off the market In the hope that price control will not be extended beyond June. • • •

JOHN L. LEWIS For years John L. Lewis has been one of labor’s top negotiators. Usually he has his facts cold. Recently, however, while arguing safety precautions with Harry Moses, an important Pittsburgh mine operator, he said: “Why, Harry, your father la a good Illustration of why we need these aafeguards. Everybody knows him as a veteran coal man, and we’ve all seen him limping around for 50 years because of a mine accident. So how can you sit there and deny us the safeguards to prevent the same aort of thing from happening to other miners?” ”John,” replied Moses, *T don’t know where yon got your information abont my father—but It wasn’t so good. I’ll tell you how he hurt his leg. It wasn’t In a coal mine. It was playing baseball. He broke his leg sliding Into second.” NOTE Bureau of mine officials heartily endorse Lewis’ demands for better safety precautions In the mines. * * * DIPLOMATIC VICTORY During the heyday of the Roosevelt administration. Vice Pres. Jack Garner gave a dinner for the late Will Rogers at which the cowboy humorist, commenting on a forthcoming- international conference, said: "This country has won every war but lost every conference.” Recently, however, one International conference closed at Savannah, Ga., at which the United Statei won every single round. It was the first world monetary conference, and the man responsible for the American victory was hard-hitting Fred Vinson, secretary of the treasury. His chief battle was over the location of the international bank and the stabilization fund to be established under the Bretton Woods plan. The British wanted the bank and fund located in New York, but Secretary Vinson wanted them in Wash lngton. When the vote was taken, there was only one vote against Washington Lord Keynes’ vote. * * * CHAFF Two movie companies are bidding for "Saints and Strangers," the new best seller written by George Willlson. . . . Former Democratic Sen. Clarence Dill of Washington Is being urged for one of the vacant assistant secretaryships of the interior department . . . Jim Landis may be headed for a new lmpor tant administration job soon. . . . New Mexico’s Gov. Jack Dempsey decided after two talks with Pres id»nt Truman thst he would not op pose Sen. Dennis Chavez, N. M. . ..

THE KANKAKEt VALLEY POST. DE MOTTE. INDIANA

WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS State Department Blueprints International Atom Control; House Probes Spy Intrigue

by Western Newepeper Union i ■ (KDITOK'S NOTE: Oku epinieee tra tipraairi In thaia column*, they nr* th**a of W«*t*rn Newspaper Union’* new* analyels and net neceeearlly of this newspaper.)

WORLD RELATIONS: Atom —Russ Even as the United Nations Organization's security council strove to compose differences with Russia over the Iranian question, the U. S. state department issued a special report calling for the creation of an International agency to control all phases of atomic energy and avert atomic rivalry among the major powers. Written by a distinguished board of scientists and technicians the report recommended the establishment of an atomic development authority that would own and lease property and conduct mining, manufacturing, research, licensing, inspection or other operations. While the authority would possess absolute control over the production of atomic weapons, it would permit utilization of atomic energy in such civilian fields as medicine, biology, chemistry and physics. The U. S.’s secret processes in development of atomic energy would be gradually unfolded to the United Nations authority as plans progressed for its development. Release of preliminary information necessary to discussion of setting up the agency would be followed by revelation of industrial know-how in manufacture and finally the method of constructing the A-bomb. In releasing the report. Secretary of State Byrnes pointed out that the recommendations did not constitute official U. S. policy but could be considered as a basis for discussion of the creation of an international atomic authority. Meanwhile, the security council worked on means to adjust the difficult situation posed by Russia’s walkout in protest over UNO’s consideration of Iran’s complaint against the Soviets for failure to withdraw Red troops from the country. While Russia’s withdrawal from the deliberations Jolted UNO. the Soviets were quick to explain that their action did not mean they were withdrawing from the United Nations, but rather objecting to security council procedure.

SPY INTRIGUE: House Acts Hard upon the arrest of a 29-year-old Russian naval officer for espionage by the FBI In Portland, Ore., the house committee on un-Amer-ican activities, headed by Representative Wood (Dem., Ga.), voted to send Investigators up to Canada to probe possible connections between the Soviet spy ring uncovered in the dominion and agents in this country. Revealing that the committee had been aware of the FBl’s Investigation of the Soviet naval officer, Lt. Nicolai Redin, the committee counsel said that the group soon would hold hearings on subversive activities and call on a number of witnesses. Including atomic scientists and government employees. Meanwhile, Redin. nabbed for obtaining Information about the destroyer tender USS Yellowstone, charged "the whole thing is a buildup for political purposes.” A member of the Soviet lend-lease purchasing staff in the U. S., Redin enjoys no diplomatic immunity and was held on $25,000 bond. SCIENCE: Use Germans Some 180 German scientists are now in the United States working on military projects involving captured German equipment including rockets, buzz bombs, Jet-Propelled planes and aerodynamic research Instruments, Secretary of War Patterson announced. The original plan called for large acale utilization of German experts but was cut back radically following tha Japantse surrender.

Pictured (from bottom to top) during tense UNO talk on Iran are Andrei Gromyko, representing the soviet; Sir Alexander Cadogan of Britain, and Edward Stettinius and James Byrnes of the U. S.

LABOR FRONT: Farm Machinery Tie-Up Government seizure of strikebound farm machinery plants appeared as the remaining alternative as negotiations between companies and union bogged down and equipment was badly needed for the maintenance of high crop production to meet domestic and foreign demands. As the government pondered taking over the plants, the International Harvester company continued to resist the CIO-Farm Equipment Workers' demands for union security, maintenance of membership, dues checkoff, arbitration and methods for settling grievances. Both company and union agreed to a government fact-finding recommendation for an 18-cent an hour wage increase. In addition to 30,000 workers In 11 International Harvester plants, 12,500 employees in six plants of AllisChalmers and J. I. Case remained out over contract differences. Coal Snag While the government kept one eye on the farm machinery situation, it trained another on the coal industry, where parleys between John L. Lewis’ United Mine Workers and the operators sagged over the UMW chieftain’s demands for the creation of a health and welfare fund. Dropped last year during the bargaining over a new contract, the health and welfare fund issue was raised again this year by Lewis, who gave it No. 1 position on the negotiating agenda. Asserting that it would cost them $50,000,000 annually, the operators proposed the creation of a Joint committee to study an accident compensation plan as an alternative. As a walkout in the industry loomed, the government prepared to control the shipment of an estimated 29,000,000 tons of bituminous coal above ground. , Steel spokesmen said a miners’ walkout might result in the restriction of production within two weeks. lSew UAW Chief A concerted drive to organize the white collar workers in the automobile industry loomed with the election of fiery, red-haired Walter Reuther as the new CIO-United Automobile Workers president. Avowed foe of the communist faction within the UAW, Reuther thwarted the re-election hopes of R. J. Thomas, head of the union since 1938, who enjoyed leftist support. In winning the presidency of the biggest union in the world, Reuther announced the organization of the white collar workers in the industry as one of his No. 1 goals. He also said an educational program would be undertaken to interest the membership in union activity and the UAW would strive for industrywide instead of company-wide bargaining to correct wage and working inequalities between plants. The stormy petrel of the UAW. and head of the union's General Motors division, Reuther is 39 and destined for major leadership in the American labor movement. Fired from the tool department of the Ford Motor company for union activity in 1933, he organized an AFL local in the plant In 1935 and then led his men into the CIO In 1938.

Children Handicapped

The American Society for the Hard of Hearing estimates that one million children, not including the totally deaf, are suffering from some form of auditory impairment Since a person may suffer almost a 40 per cent hearing loss before it is observable, a child may be seriously maladjusted before anything is done to help him. tha authorities add.

Veterans' SERVICE BUREAU

EDITOR'S NOTE: This newspaper, through special arrangement with the Washington Bureau of ITcstern Neu'spaper Union at 1616 Eye Street, N. W ., Washington, D. C., is able to bring readers this weekly column on problems of the veteran and serviceman and his family. Questions may be addressed to the above Bureau and they will be answered in a subsequent column. No replies can be made direct by mail, but only in the column which will appear in this newspaper regularly. Units’ Locations a Secret The war department has announced that as of March 19 no further information will be furnished as to the whereabouts of various units in the armed forces as they have done during the past several months. The army explains that during the period of redeployment when so many units were moving in transit from one sector to another they permitted publication of the positions of these units. At this time, however, the army says that the billets of the various units are more or less semi-perma-nent and that again, for reasons of military security, their positions will not be publicized. So please do not ask us to obtain this information as we have done in the past * * * Ten regional offices and 12 forest and range experiment stations have been qualified to give soil conservation and forest field work training to veterans by the department of agriculture. The training course may be confined to on-the-job methods or a combination of this training and a course in an educational institution. Employment within the U. S. D. A. or with private interests is an objective. • • • Questions and Answers Q. When I was shipped to the states for discharge, I was told to leave my foot locker with my battalion supply officer and he would have it shipped to my home. I did and I have been home six months and no foot locker. Whom can I write to in a case like this?— J. M. E., Seattle, Wash. A. Write to Personal Effects division, U. S. quartermaster corps, U. S. army, Kansas City, Mo. Q. My brother enlisted in May, 1944, for the ASTP. He went to college for eight months, then was transferred to* the Infantry. Will his time In ASTP count as time in service? Is he considered a volunteer? —L. G., Chicago, 111. A. If he was on active duty during his ASTP service, his time counts. If he was in the enlisted reserve status, his time does not count. The army says all men of draft age are considered inductees. Q. My son, a private first class, is now in a hospital from wounds received In Italy. In a big push, his sergeant and corporal were killed. He was placed in command and led his squad for five days when he was wounded. Should he not receive a sergeant’s pay from that time on? Reader, Boonville, N. Y. A. Not unless he was promoted to a sergeant. Q. I entered the army in December, 1945. My father had an accident, my mother was sick and unable to care for him, no one at home, so I was discharged from the army to care for them and run the farm he rented. I lacked a few days of staying in three months. Am I entitled to any of the bill oL rights? A worried farmer, Danlelsville, Ga. A. The law says you must have served at least 90 days on active duty unless discharged for disability prior to that time. You evidently were released at your convenience on a hardship case and therefore the veterans administration says you are not entitled to the benefits. Q. My son is a second lieutenant and entered the service January 6, 1945, went overseas December 21, 1945. How long before he can be discharged?—Mrs. F. A. W., Du-

buque, lowa. I A. Critical point score for a second lieutenant is 67 points or 45 months. As of September 2, your son would have about 8 points and 8 months. Q. I have been receiving servicemen’s readjustment allowance for 10 months on self-employment as owner and part-operator of a business. Am waiting on appeal of service > connected disability. Will the readjustment allowance be stopped after one year or one year pins time in service or until results of my disability appeal are received? C. D. VD„ Alva, Okla. A. The law says 52 weeks is the maximum for drawing servicemen’s readjustment allowance. Q. Can a former wife receive alimony from a retired army man through the U. S. treasury If she has a court decree stating it be paid in this manner each month? —Reader, Chattanooga, Tenn. A. That is purely a legal question. Consult your attorney. Q. My husband was retired with a pension from the regular army after 30 years of service. Can I claim any support for my child and myself from his pension? Mrs. L. 8.. Philadelphia, Pa. A. This Is a legal question and must be settled In the courts.

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