Kankakee Valley Post, Volume 3, Number 3, DeMotte, Jasper County, 1 June 1933 — Page 7

News Review of Current Events the World Over

United States Pledges Aid for Peace and Security--J. P. Morgan Questioned by Senate Committee--Plan to Finance Public Works Program.

RESPONDING to a demand for a clear statement of the policy of the United States in the matter of peace and disarmament, Norman H.

Davis, ambassador-at-large, announced to the disarmament conference in Geneva what seems to many a revolutionary departure from traditional American policies. Apparently, it means that the United States has abandoned isolation, neutrality rights and the freedom of the seas. Spe-

N. H. Davis

cifically, Mr. Davis pledged his government never to interfere with international action against a nation that has been satisfactorily identified as an aggressor, and to participate in “effective, automatic and continuous” international supervision designed to make certain that the nations carry out their promises in disarmament. “President Roosevelt’s message,” he said, “is a clear indication of the fact that the United States will exert its full power and influence and accept its just share of responsibility to make the results in disarmament definite, prompt and effective.” After announcing that the United States was willing to consult with the other states in case of a threat to peace, Mr. Davis set forth the American policy in these words: “Further than that, in the event that the states, in conference, determine that a state has been guilty of a breach of the peace in violation of its international obligations and take measures against the violator, then, if we concur in the judgment rendered as to the responsible and guilty party, we will refrain from any action tending to defeat such collective effort which these states may thus make to restore peace.” Asserting that there must be real accomplishment in the way of disarmament, or a reversion to a race in arming, Mr. Davis proposed drastic arms reductions, and promised that the United States would go as far in this as the other states. Great Britain, Germany and Italy were highly pleased with Mr. Davis’ pronouncement, but France remained dissatisfied, both with the security offered by the United States and with the Davis proposals for armament reduction. The more the French get, the more they demand, and their obstinacy is exceedingly irritating to the other nations. Foreign Minister Paul-Bon-cour told the conference that France would not reduce her armaments unless a definite system of mutual assistance is created, supplemented by genuine supervision of armaments. The supervision, he said, must especially cover armaments which are manufactured in private factories.

INVESTIGATION of the private banking firm of J. P. Morgan & Co., greatest of its kind in America, was started by the senate banking com-

mittee with J. Piermont Morgan, senior partner, as chief witness. The proceedings were conducted by Ferdinand Pecora on behalf of the committee and attracted a throng of spectators. John W. Davis, former Democratic Presidential candidate, was there as counsel for Morgan,

and the banker was several times relieved from nagging questions of Pecora by the protests of Senators Glass and McAdoo. Most interesting to the public of the facts brought out was that no income tax whatever was paid by Morgan or any of his nineteen partners for 1931 and 1932 and that they paid an aggregate of only $48,000 in 1930. This was because of heavy losses sustained by the firm. Morgan could not recall whether he personally paid any tax in 1930, but counsel for the investigators said he did not. Morgan repeatedly answered “I do not know” to Pecora’s queries about a $21,000,000 loss written off his firm’s books on January 2, 1931, in addition to other deductions which already had wiped out taxable income. Finally the banker asked Leonard Keyes, office manager of the firm, to explain the matter. Keyes said the involved transaction was the inevitable result of a revaluation of assets made necessary by the admission of a new partner, S. Parker Gilbert, on January 2, 1931. Pecora hammered away with questions, but Keyes, a methodical appearing man who spoke crisply and without hesitation, repeated his account over and over. He testified that the loss could, as the law then stood, have been deducted from the firm’s taxable income in 193I, 1932 or 1933. Three or four million dollars of the $21,000,000, he said, was deducted from profits in 1931--a year in which the partners paid no tax--but none in 1932, when the firm ‘‘had loss enough.”

By EDWARD W. PICKARD

On the second day the senators heard about Morgan & Co.’s “preferred list" of friends to whom the firm sold Alleghany Corporation common for $20 a share when the market price was $35. In this list were many well-known names, including H. Woodin, now secretary of the treasury; Charles Francis Adams, later secretary of the navy; Senator McAdoo, Newton D. Baker, John W. Davis, Gen. John J. Pershing, John J. Raskob, Silas H. Strawn and Col. Charles A. Lindbergh. Another list revealed included the names of bank officers and directors to whom the Morgan firm had made loans. Some of these loans had been repaid, but many had not, and in the latter category the largest was a little over $6,000,000 to Charles E. Mitchell, former president of the National City bank of New York, whose trial for alleged income tax evasion was going on in New York city. FEDERAL JUDGE HAROLD LOUderback of California was acquited in the impeachment trial in the senate, but he escaped by a narrow margin. On the fifth and most comprehensive charge 45 senators voted guilty and 34 for acquittal. But under the constitutional impeachment procedure a two-thirds vote is necessary for conviction.

IF THE administration and its supporters in congress have their way, the $3,300,000,000 national recovery bill, providing for regulation of indus-

and means committee, and though the Republicans and some others objected to these taxes and fought for a sales tax, that is the way it is likely to become law. The sum of $220,000,000 annually will be needed for interest and amortization of the public works bond issue, and the committee decided this should be raised by: 1. Increase of the normal income tax rates from 4 to 6 per cent on the first $4,000 of net income and from 8 to 10 per cent on all above $4,000. This levy is estimated to raise $46,000,000 a year. 2. Extension of the new normal income tax rates to dividends now subject only to surtaxes and taxation at the source. Estimated to yield $83,000,000 a year. 3. The addition of another threefourths of a cent to the present 1 cent a gallon federal tax on gasoline. Estimated to bring In $92,000,000 annually. These additional taxes, the report said, “are temporary in character and may be eliminated by proclamation by the President when operating revenues exceed operating expenditures, or when the repeal of the Eighteenth amendment opens a new and ample source of revenues to the government.” To administer the industry control features of the measure when it becomes law, President Roosevelt has selected Hugh S. Johnson of Moline, Ill., and he has been busy getting an organization in shape so he can go to work promptly. He had a large part in formulating the bill. A close associate of Bernard Baruch, Democratic leader and New York financier, Johnson was a member of the old war industries board. He was also head of the first draft board during the World war and since then has had extensive experience in manufacturing. He was born in Kansas in 1882. He turned to the army for a career and was graduated from West Point in 1903. When he retired in 1919 he was a brigadier general. EXPANSION of credit rather than of currency has been started by the government under the powers given the President in the farm act. Secretary of the Treasury Woodin announced that the federal reserve banks had made an initial purchase of $25,000,000 of government bonds in the open market. “That is the start of an inflationary step,” Woodin said. “It is being done to inject something into the market. In other words, to keep things moving along,” Woodin said additional purchases would be “entirely dependent upon conditions.” The new law authorizes the reserve banks to buy up to $3,000,000,000 of securities. When the reserve banks buy bonds, cash balances of member banks are increased by equal amounts. The administration hopes that the banks, with these additional funds on hand, will advance them to industry.”

J. P. Morgan

tries and construction of vast public works, will be financed by increased income and gasoline taxes and higher income imposts on stock dividends, as well as the continuation for one year of all the nuisance taxes levied in the revenue bill of 1932. That was the way it was reported to the house by the ways

Hugh S. Johnson

THE KANKAKEE VALLEY POST.

WHEN President Roosevelt asked the nations of the world to agree to a tariff truce pending the outcome of the London economic conference, the administration thought it would not be in accord with good faith to assess now the processing taxes on wheat, cotton and perhaps corn and hogs provided for in the farm relief act. But Secretary of Agriculture Wallace thought otherwise, and after a conference with Secretary of State Hull he was permitted to go ahead with this undertaking. Probably there will be protests from Europe and Canada, and then the diplomats must get busy. Secretary Wallace and George N. Peek, co-administrator of the farm relief act, selected Guy C. Shepard of Evanston as administrator in charge of the packing house products under the act. He will have general charge of trade agreements between packers and between producers and processors relative chiefly to hogs and their products. Mr. Shepard was formerly vice president of the Cudahy Packing company. To handle the cotton work under the farm act C. A. Cobb of Atlanta, Ga., was named. He is editor of the Progressive Farmer-Ruralist. Both he and Shepard rank alongside of Prof. M. L. Wilson, appointed wheat administrator some time ago. NEW YORK state came to the fore in favor of prohibition repeal in a manner that surprised even the ardent wets. The vote was about twelve to one throughout the state, and in New York city it was approximately forty to one. The 150 delegates elected to the convention all are pledged to repeal, and they will meet in Albany on June 27 to execute the will of the people. The Empire state will thus become the sixth to ratify the repeal amendment to the Constitution. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT asked of congress the suspension of the law requiring the governor of Hawaii to be an actual resident of the islands. He said: “It is particularly necessary to select for the post of governor of Hawaii a man of experience and vision who will be regarded by all citizens of the islands as one who will be absolutely impartial in his decisions on matters as to which there may be a difference of local opinion. “In making my choice, I should like to be free to pick either from the islands themselves or from the entire United States the best man for this post.”

REPORTS from China, confirmed by the foreign office in Tokyo, said that an agreement for a Chinese-Jap-anese truce in the north China zone had been reached and was about to be signed. The Chinese defenders of Peiping already had withdrawn from that city and the Japanese were only a few miles away. It was understood that the truce required the Chinese troops to remain south of a line running from the Great Wall north of Peiping southeast to Lutai on the coast, the line passing north of both Peiping and Tientsin. Thus the Japanese would establish the buffer zone which they demand between China and Manchukuo. The Chinese understood this zone was to be administered by Han Fu-chu, governor of Shantung province, and Hwang-fu, national government representative at Peiping. Despite the reported truce there was renewed fighting at the walled city of Tungchow, 13 miles east of Peiping.

PEACE in Cuba seems to be a long way off, though the government continues with vigor its efforts to wipe out the revolutionists. And, accord-

ing to the latter, President Machado is using more than vigor. Operations against the opposition are being directed by Maj. Arsenio Oritz, Machado’s chief military strategist, and he is pursuing the same tactics with which he terrorized Oriente province in 1931. In Santa Clara and Cama-

Major Oritz

guey provinces he has been hanging captured rebels to the trees along the highways and in the towns, and it was reported that he held as hostages the family of Carlos Leyva, who led a rebel raid on Taguasco, threatening to kill them unless Leyva surrendered with fifty followers. Then Oritz returned to Sancti Spiritus, and it was believed he would pursue the same ruthless methods in that section. WITH a stately parade down Michigan avenue, speeches by Postmaster General Farley and others and much picturesque ceremony, A Century of Progress, Chicago’s World’s fair, was formally thrown open to the public, and thousands of men, women and children entered the vast exposition area and marveled at what had been accomplished. By high pressure work the fair was already virtually completed. The most thrilling and dramatic part of the proceedings came at nightfall, when through a “hook-up” of three astronomical observatories a ray from the star Arcturus was caught by telescopes, transmitted to the exposition grounds and used to put into operation the gorgeous lighting system the fair. According to the scientists, the ray started from Arcturus just forty years ago, at the time the fair of 1893 opened. The fact that Chicago has created this exposition during the depression is as impressive as the fair itself. ©, 1933, Western Newspaper Union.

INDIANA NEWS

Governor McNutt appointed the members of the new Indiana banking commission, created by the legislature; which will take office July 1. He named Oscar Weiborn and Harvey Hartsock, both of Indianapolis; Myron Gray, Muncie; C. M. Setser, Columbus, and Robert Batton, Marion. Four bandits escaped with $5,000 from the Lowell National bank after firing a dozen shots at motorists in the main street of Lowell, 20 miles south of Gary, to prevent pursuit. The bandits sat in their car in front of the bank until it opened for business. Then they drew revolvers, entered and ordered Cashier T. A. Berg, Assistant Cashier George Foster, and Tellers Harry Love and Miss Mary Nichols to lie on the floor. One of the bandits fired two shots when Love was slow in obeying the command. Scooping the money from the counter, they fled and drove east. One of the bandits sent several shots through the radiator of the car of John Miller, a garage owner, who was driving in front of the bank, and fired at Dr. Nell Davis, who sat in a parked car. As the aftermath of a fist fight in the council chambers at Crown Point, the Lake county grand jury returned an indictment before Judge William J. Murray, charging three Crown Point officials with rioting. The three are Mayor Vincent Youkey, Aiderman William F. Houk, and Fire Chief Fred Bisselburg. The jury censured them for improper conduct and lack of dignity. Rather than appear in court in a divorce action filed by his seventy-year bride of six months. John E. Rice of Logansport. seventy-three, retired farmer, shot and killed himself. When an eastbound Pennsylvania flyer struck an automobile on a crossing in Hammond, Nick Bickovitch, age thirty-eight, driver, was killed. Judge B. F. Barnes of Kokomo, age eighty-five, will retire from practice of law June 1 after 57 years of continuous connection with the bench and the bar in Howard county. Valuation of personal property assessed in Bartholomew county has decreased 15 Per cent, according to William N. McClintic, assessor. Robert Ruge, Valparaiso high school athlete, has passed examinations for entrance to the United States Naval academy. Robert Ross, age ten, son of Dr. and Mrs. J. A. Ross of Noblesville, drowned in Cicero creek, where he had gone with several companions to swim. Mrs. Benjamin Ruhling, fifty-five, of Elkhart, was killed when she was pinned beneath the wreckage of an automobile as it collided with a New York Central train. While several Purdue students looked on, Vess Kemble, seventythree, plunged into the swollen Wabash river from the Main street bridge in Lafayette and was drowned. John Byus, general manager of the American Sheet and Tin Plate company, received word from the main plant in Pittsburgh that the Elwood company would reopen at once. Miss Clara Harp, age twenty-five, restaurant employee, committed suicide by hanging in a cell in Greensburg. Police who arrested her said seemed to be intoxicated. Her body was found suspended by a sheet. H. C. Thompson of Monon, age fiftyfour, attorney and life-long resident of White county, prominently identified with the Republican party, died in Home hospital, Lafayette, after an operation. Virgil Green, twenty-eight years old, and Clyde Copple, both of Hammond, were killed by the explosion of an oil exchanger at the Standard Oil company refinery in Whiting. Seven new guards began their duties at the Indiana State prison at Michigan City. They are Roy King, Gilson Witsesell, Joseph Levandowski, Alfred D. Miller, Stanley Herbert, Alex Gondeck and William Breining. One-lamp Louies, the appellation tacked on motorists who drive with one headlamp on their cars, will be the objectives of a campaign being organized by the state police department. County sheriffs have agreed to co-operate with the department in removing what Al Feeney, head of the department of public safety, describes as one of the worst traffic hazards. Forty persons, including twenty-six members of the Marion college glee club, suffered from ptomaine poisoning after eating pressed chicken and beef sandwiches at the Wesleyan Methodist church at Bakers corner, four miles east of Sheridan. The sandwiches had been made by members of the church in the afternoon and those made of chicken became tainted when kept in a warm room. Results of a state board of health examination disclosed that a squirrel which bit Junior Craig, nine, living on a farm near Clinton, was affected with rabies. Dr. J. L. Axby, state veterinarian, said it was the first time he has heard of a squirrel having rabies and that it carried serious possibilities for live stock and other animals. Physical examinations for applicants seeking admittance to reforestation camps were conducted in the Federal building in Indianapolis. Of the 300, all except 50 were sent to Ft. Knox, Ky., where they will receive preliminary instruction and training.

POULTRY

CHICK MASHES CAN BE MIXED AT HOME Good Results if Properly Ground and Mixed. By H. H. Alp, Poultry Extension Specialist, College of Agriculture, University of Illinois.--WNU Service. Many poultry flock owners who wonder about using their own farm grains for chick-starting feeds can do so with good results if they carefully select, grind and mix the ingredients. Flock owners of the state were raising more than 38,000,000 chickens annually in the last census, so that economy of feeding is a big item. When ground wheat is used in place of wheat bran and wheat middlings, a starting mash can be made from 50 pounds ground yellow corn, 15 pounds ground wheat, 10 pounds finely ground oats, 10 pounds dried skimmilk or dried buttermilk, 10 pounds meat scrap, 4 pounds alfalfa leaf meal and 1 pound salt. When soybean oil meal is available, the formula is 50 pounds ground yellow corn, 10 pounds soybean oil meal, 10 pounds finely ground oats, 10 pounds dried skimmilk or dried buttermilk, 4 pounds alfalfa leaf meal, 10 pounds ground wheat, 3 pounds bone meal, 2 pounds ground oyster shell and 1 pound salt. When wheat bran and wheat middlings are used in place of ground wheat, the formula is 50 pounds ground yellow corn, 4 pounds alfalfa leaf meal, 10 pounds wheat flour middlings, 10 pounds dried skimmilk or dried buttermilk, 10 pounds meat scrap, 15 pounds bran and 1 pound salt. When the chicks can be given milk to drink instead of water, a mash can be made from 55 pounds ground yellow corn, 5 pounds alfalfa leaf meal, 15 pounds finely ground oats, 2 pounds ground oyster shell, 15 pounds ground wheat, 2 pounds bone meal, 5 pounds meat scrap and 1 pound salt. A mash mixture which has given satisfactory results when fed to chicks confined to batteries can be made from 40 pounds ground yellow corn, 20 pounds wheat bran, 20 pounds wheat flour middlings, 4 pounds alfalfa leaf meal, 4 pounds dried milk, 10 pounds meat scrap, 1 pint of cod liver oil and 1 pound salt.

Massachusetts Poultry About Free of Disease

A total of 180 poultry flocks in Massachusetts were completely tested and found free of pullorum disease last year, according to a report issued by the Massachusetts experiment station. Pullorum disease, also known as bacillary white diarrhea, is perhaps the most destructive disease with which poultrymen have had to contend in past years. The department of veterinary science at the Massachusetts State college has conducted tests of birds and conducted experiments in the disease for a number of years. Last year Massachusetts led all other states in the total number of flocks free from pullorum disease. Since pullorum disease is transmitted from one generation to the next, most progressive poultrymen make an effort to buy hatching eggs or baby chicks only from flocks which have been tested and found free of the disease. The experiment station report shows that disease free flocks are found in every county in the state.

Feed Potatoes to Hens

Feeding of cooked potatoes to hens improves the ration by providing variety and palatability. They encourage consumption of feed and thus increase egg production. Unmarketable potatoes can be used advantageously for poultry. Raw potatoes are not satisfactory for hens. A good way to feed the potatoes is in a hot potato mash. By steaming or boiling potatoes until they mash freely, they can be mashed and mixed with equal portions of laying mash and fed to the hens while warm. Six to 10 pounds of potatoes for each 100 hens will be sufficient for one feeding a day, which can be either at noon or night.--Prairie Farmer.

Poultry Facts

China, which has long supplied quantities of frozen eggs to Great Britain, now has a rival in the market since Australia is shipping eggs to Britain, too. * * * The department of veterinary science of the Massachusetts State college, reports that 180 poultry flocks in Massachusetts were completely tested last year and found free of pullorum disease, one of the most serious poultry diseases. * * * Pullets must have substance and size in order to stand up under the strain required in heavy egg production. * * * To secure a good fall and winter egg production, the pullets must be the kind that mature early and come into production early. * * * When it comes to calories, one me-dium-sized egg, weighing about two and a half ounces in the shell, supplies 25 calories of protein and 45 of fat, making a total of 70 calories.

MAY BE ANTIDOTE FOR DEADLY GAS

A San Francisco man who attempted suicide by the inhalation of carbon monoxide gas from the exhaust of his automobile in a closed garage and was for half an hour “out of this life,” as the doctors solemnly asserted, was almost literally snatched from the grave by injections of methylene blue, administered by his physician in an experimental test of the efficacy of that chemical. It had been conjectured by chemists that methylepe blue might be an antidote for poisonous gas, though its common use is for coloring fabrics. The idea of employing a synthetic dyestuff as a medical agent was scoffed at by some physicians, but in the San Francisco case it worked out, and the effect produced is regarded as somethiiig of a scientific wonder. Carbon monoxide gas poison is produced by burning carbon-contain-ing fuels in a chamber in which there is a deficiency of air. It exerts its extremely dangerous action on the body by displacing its oxygen content, thus removing it from its combination with haemoglobin, which forms the solid coloring of red blood corpuscles, and destroying bodily tissue. Formerly the treatment of monoxide poisoning was by artificial respiration, the administration of pure oxygen and the stimulation of circulation. But. in cases where a person has been under the influence of the gas for as much as thirty minutes’ treatment of the latter kind usually has been of no avail.--Los Angeles Times.

Washing Woolens

To be safe, test new woolens for color fastness before washing, by squeezing a sample or inconspicuous portion in lukewarm water for five minutes or so. For the washing, briefly: make rich, lukewarm or cool suds with mild, neutral soap flakes. Put in the garment and wash quickly, by gently forcing the suds through and through the material. Never allow colored woolens to soak, even for a few minutes. nor to remain rolled up, or in a heap while wet. Rinse the garment thoroughly in lukewarm or cool water. Squeeze out the water, or put it through a wringer, adjusted loosely. Don’t twist. It is helpful, where practical, to roll woolen garments in a dry turkish towel to absorb the excess moisture. Then ease into shape and dry at moderate temperature.

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