Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 63, Number 47, Jasper, Dubois County, 15 April 1921 — Page 2

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icumcys-toTia curneys Figuring ittWor, r -v frfmrtJ fay Th NtioJ GcffTplü Sooefy, U'whir gtcn, D. C, Co Drjv"I CENTER OF ITALY'S SOCIAL EARTHQUAKE ZONE Milan, chief city of the I-omlmnly-ri(-(!moiit region of Italy, where workers m Izel factories several months 0o, and where much unrest has Imk'H manlfetel since, has frankly considered itself fur Ions years the virtual capital the "cupltale morale" of the country. In the recent Industrial troubles factories are reported to have been seized ly workmen in practically all parts of Italy; but It was In Lombardy and Piedmont, the territorial division lyln farthest north and farthest northwest in the peninsula the sats of the Important. Italian metal industries that the seizures were most numerous. In those nylons, in turn, the movement was most pronounced in und about Turin, the principal city of the riedmont, and the Detroit of Italy; and In Milan, metropolis of the north, and Italy's Fall Klver, Philadelphia und Schenectady rolled into one. Lombardy and the riedmont comprise the plains of the upper reaches of the tfreat Po valley, the Alpine foothills, and the southern and eastern Mopes of a larjje part of the Alps themselves. Milan, on a fertile plain near the southern ends of some of the most lmiorttint of the Alpine parses, was a town of considerable importance even In the dim historic days of L'ITJ Ii. C, when it was captured by the Romans. It wus then, as It is today, second city in iroint of population in Italy. Milan early earned a position of leadership anion;' surrounding cities, a leadership, however, which did not p unchallenged. The' city has been destroyed many times, once by a league of neighboring towns, and at other times by alien conquerors. After each destruction It has sprung up on a reemIngly firmer foundation to achieve greater popularity and a more farreaching influence. Apart from any reputation Milan may have gained as an index to Industrial unrest, it is a leader among Italian cities in other respects. Indeed, the Milanese insist that their city, their "capltale morale," is the very heart and head of Italy's modern lifo and activity "first in industry, first In municipal progress, first In political Importance." The Industrial plants of modern Milan have fairly hurst the confines of the old city and many are to be found .In numerous populous suburbs that have sprung up, esieclally since ISO". The population now .numbers close to th re '-quarters of a million. It Is exceeded only slightly, If at all, by that of Naples, and Is considered In excess of that of Home. TIENTSIN, PANORAMA CITY Tientsin, in the northeastern edge of the terrible Chinese famine urea, In which millions of people are starving to death, is like a necklace of towns strung toget her. To walk uljout Tientsin Is to travel. An afternoon's stroll from the native to the PrltiMi, French, Italian. Russian and other foreign quarters, gives the sensation of a mairic tour through Peking, London, Paris. Uonie and Petrograd. And the windmills among the salt mounds just outside the city add a touch of Holland. This panorama city has had a temjH'stuous history. , There a group of American and other foreign residents Herbert C. Hoover among them defended themselves for a month Icafnst the fanatic Itoxers in lfHM. Since then the, native city has been inown as Cheng-11, or "Town without "Vails," Ijocauso the ancient barriers were demolished during the siege. Of the roo domrhty foreigners more than fifty were killed and manv orhers wounded before military aid came. Tientsin was the scene of another 'amous siege, that f the Taiplng Vhels In IS.",:?. Followers of Hung t-In Tsuan, who had professed Chris tianity and set himself up In Nanking rts the "Heaenly King." marched to ward Peking. !ut the Waterloo f the "long haired rebels," so-called because they could ifl plait their queues and thus signify 'loyalty to the Manchus, came at Tientsin. The success of the campaign against the revolutionists was due principally to the gallant "Chinese Cordon." Cen. Charles Oecrge Cordon, and his "I'verVictorlous Army." Comma tiding the native force at Tientsin was Seng-ko-lln-sin, a Mongol general, who later distinguished h!:n elf less creditably. In l'O he sought to tiefend Tientsin against a foreign expedition by erecting an immense und rampart outside the city. Tien ts!n wn captured and held for two years by the I'rltish md French, and the crude defense Is known In the foreign quarters as "Seng-ko-Hn-sIn's folly." The region about Tientsin was known as Chi-chou under the I Isla dynasty, whose rulers, 4,( years ago. already had court astronomers who could predict eclipses. Later it was called Ya-chou. in the Chou dynasty, marked ly the western wars waged

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by. Mu-Wang again: t the "Inc" Harharian.V thought to have been anccs-,

tors of the Huns. Tientsin dates Lack at least to the fourteenth century. The salt Industry In the neighborhood of Tientsin Is prodigious-. Windmills are used to pump salt water Into the fields along the Hallo river, where the widely known Chang-lu salt is made. Ilefore the war nearly LtV tons were produced annually. Hut Tientsin Is important commercially In many respects. It Is a rice market, and Siberia's tea formerly was shipped through there. Kxports were as varied as the needs of the dozen or so nations which had separate set tlements along five miles of the river front, and Its Imports were as diverse ns the commodities those nations had to exchange. The Peiho nnd Hunho rivers con verge at Tientsin. From the latter to the Yangtsze-Kiang extends the Crand canal, that remarkable sieclmen of anient engineering, mentioned by Confucius, which orginally was more than 1.000 miles long. Tientsin has more people than Bos ton. It Is the principal city of ChihII, and Is SO miles southeast of Peking by mil. I ONE OF GERMANY'S LOST TERRITORIES The former Cerman Samoan is lands' constitute one of the Important groups of Pacific islands that have fallen to the lot of Croat Ilritain, through New Zealand, as a result of the World war. The Samoan group, called by former geographers "The Navigators' Islands," from the skill in navigation shown by Its inhabitants, consists of four principal bits of land lying in the South Pacific, nearly midway between New Zealand and Hawaii. The number of islands In the group may, by counting the smaller, be increased to 11, or even 14, but onlj SavII, Upolu, Tutuila, (owned by the United States) ami the three usually Included- under the general term Manua, are important. All are verdure-clad and inhabited, and In appearance and shape resemble immense green hats, the interior representing the crown being niountalnous, while the brim or shore is covered with coconut palms, breadfruit, banana and other tropical trees, which furnish the native food. At some prehistoric period the peaks of n submerged mountain chain running northeast' and southwest have been lifted from the depths of the ocean by the upheaval of volcanoes now long extinct. Accumulations of soil brought by heavy rains from the mountains meet the ever-growing reef, which prevents easy approach to the land except in those places where fresh-watr streams, forcing their way through, form openings in the coral barrier. Hetween reef and shore n lagoon, varying In width from 2(X yards to two or three miles, provides a secure highway for coast and inter-island traffic. The entire length of the group. If Hose Island be Included, is little less than .5lK) miles, and tile grcissarea of the Islands is larger than the state of lthode Island by 50 square miles. The native inhabitants of the islands are of Polynesian stock and are clearly related to the natives of both Hawaii and New Zealand. For practical purposes these natives may be divided into' four classes. At the head stand the chiefs, who are hereditary in the sense that they must belong to certain families, but elective In that they exercise authority by virtue of titles conferred on theiu. The Tulafale. talking-man. Is their executive otlher, who phrases their thoughts in eloquent language, and is frequently the central figure In the district and the source of authority. Ilelow him anV above the lowest class, composed of what are known as the "common people." are the native teachers and catechlsts, who wear more clothes and do less fighting than the rest of the population. There is nothing In the dress or bearing of a high chief which enables a foreigner to distinguish him. but he Is Isolated from the rest of the people by a system of rigid etiquette. No on may hold up an umbrella or do certain kinds of work in his presence, and a special vocabulary is set apart in which to address him. The common names for food, an axe, a pig. etc., are tabooed In his presence. Ills face, his anger and other attributes are described in an entirely different set of words from those used for ordinary men. The powers nnd duties of the "talking men" are considerable. They are men of much dignity of carriage, and as they stand leaning upon a staff of otüce with a "fue." or tly-llap cast over one shoulder, with which occasionally to emphasize their remarks, they compare favorably In appearance with the orators of a nation more civilized than themselves. MARSHALL ISLANDS: NEW JAPANESE TERRITORY The Marshall islands, one of the Pacific arehlpeiagoes formerly owned by Germany, and over which Japan has been given a mandate by the League of Nations, practically form a barrier between the Hawaiian islands, on the east, and Guam and the Philippines to the west. ' The two chains of curlotisly shaped atolls, or coral islands consisting of low-lying coral reefs encircling lagoons, known as the Marshall group, lie a little south of the center of an Imaginary line connecting- Hawaii, Guam and the Philippines. Gtmm, Sam a and Honolulu form a

triangle of trade routes, with Its sides not penetrated by Important steamship lines. Within this Isolated Pacific triangle are the Marshall Islands. lief ore the war Sydney was reached by Kteamer, a voyuge of more than 3,000 miles. The only ether method of egress was u steamer to Ponapc which connected with a French line to Singapore. Like two loosely strung chains of jewels, the islands stretch from northwest to southeast, each with it? lagoon setting encased by a strangelyshaped circlet of coral, some like triangles, harps and stirrups, and one outlining a bull's head with its horns. Straight haired, dark brown natives, still preserving the religious significance of tattoo and taboo, are to be found. Once a sturdy, reliant, seafaring people, for they were the best mariners In the Pacific, the white man's coming, as in the case of his advent among the Eskimo and the Indian, did not seem wholly beneficial. In teaching them ways to live more easily civilization robbed them of that boldness and adventure winch made them the hardiest of the Microneasian peoples. Many of the young died of tuberculosis. t Skillful and fearless navigators, the natives used bread-tree wood to make sailing canoes in which they would voyage for months. ' They devised charts, made of sticks, showing the locations of islands and the directions of prevailing winds. Ancestor worship was their predominant religious sentiment. With petitions and gifts they worshiped the departed whose spirits were supposed to return to earth In certain palm trees which they set off in storm enclosures. Iiirds and fishes sometimes embodied, these spirits, they believed, and thus certain species became taboo. Homes of the natives were not pretentious. Floors were raised above the ground, to escape the rats, and thatched roofs covered the combination house and storage room. The two island groups are known as the Iiatak and Halik chains. Their entire area is not more ' than 100 square miles; their native population before the war was 15,000, with fewer than 300 foreigners. The seat of Cerman government was on Jaluit and the

most populous island is Majeru, with but 1,000- persons. Other explorers had touched at the Islands but they, with the Gilbert group, took their names from Captains Marshall and Gilbert who explored them in 1TSS. The Germans annexed the Islands In 1SS6. FORMER AUSTRIAN NAVAL BASE NOW ITALIAN STRONGHOLD Pola, formerly important to Austria as its naval base, now Is equally ..Important to Italy, for a different reason. A glance at a map of the Adriatic will show that the possession of Pola, and the recent acquisition of the island of Cherso, by the terms of the Kapallo agreement, give Italy control of the water route to Flume. Situated near the extremity of the Istrian peninsula, 80 miles by rail southwest of Trieste, Pola's sole important activity before the war was connected with the repairing provisioning and harboring of the Austrian naval forces. The town is virtually without industrial establishments or manufactures. In 1 ! m the population of Pola was about what it had been eighteen centuries liefere under he rule of Koman empifors. During the succeeding ten years, however, it grew from 45.0(H) to 70.000. The practically land-locked harbor Is divided, "the upper or northern half being the commercial roadstead, nnd the lower half (1iow the chain bridge which connects Seoglio Ollvl. or Olive island, with the mainland) being the Porto Militaro, with the extensive marine arsenal on the southeastern shore. The city Itself clusters around a enstle-crownod hill which was once the silo of tlie Roman capltol. The castle is a memento of the days of Venetian prowess. Its settlement is attributed to the Colchians who pursued Jason and his argonauts. Pola's splendid harbor became a Unman possession in ITS H. C. but Julius Caesar destroyed It for having espoused the cause of Pompey. Some years later It was rebuilt by the Kmperor Augustus at the Instance, according to Plfny, of his beloved daufh ter Julia. The most Impressive ruin in Pola Is the vast amphitheater, . erected at the beginning of the Christian era in honor of the emperors. Septimlus Severus and Caracalla. This Is believed to be the only Roman amphitheater whose outer walls have withstood the ravages of time and of man. The interior, however, is badly dismantled and the foundation walls at one end, centuries ag were extensively quarried by the Venetians who desired the white Istrian limestone for the erection of their own palaces. About the middle of the 12th century Pola became a Venetian city. In the destructive wars, which resulted from the rivalry between Venice and Genoa to control the commerce of the world two centuries later, this port across the Adriatic from Its parent republic suffered often and grievously. It was completely destroyed in 1370, and for nearly four and a half centuries It lay dormant. It passed to Austria at the end of the Napoleonic wars, however, and its modern gru"th dates from 1S4S, when it was selected as an Austrian naval base. Pola lies almost due'east of Venice, a distance of 75 miles across the Adriatic.

RAT IS SERIOUS ENEMY OF WORLD No Other Animal or Insect Is So Dangerous and Persistent in Doing Harm.

INFLICTS IMMENSE DAMAGE ! Value of Food and Property Destroyed Annually by Esch Individual , Rat Is. Estimated at $21 Efficient Germ Carrier. (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) The necessity of a campaign of unvarying efficiency against the common brown rat. Is an outstanding one. No other animal or Insect Is so dangerous and persistent an enemy, and no other enemy succeeds In Inflicting the damage that the nit annually Imposes upon humanity. The rat population of the United States Is at least equal to the human population, and the same ratio holds true for practically every country under the sun. The bureau of biological survey. United States Department of Agriculture, places the value of the food and property destroyed annually by each Individual rat at $2. Keeping vell within the boundaries of conservatism this means that each year, in this country alone. we produce $200,000,OCX worth of food j to no other purpose than to feed our 1 rats. In another way, 200,000 men in ; the United States are devoting all 1 their labor to the maintenance of 100,000,000 rats. Is Efficient Germ Carrier. But the rodent's enmity is far from being satisfied by this huge economic injury. A frequenter of all the places that are vih and loathsome, the rat Is a most efficient germ carrier. The germs of the dreaded "black death" have killed more human beings than all the wars of the world's hiftory, and these germs 'are introduced into the human system by the bite of a ! rat flea. In India, no longer ago than ! 1S9C, the bubonic plague killed 9,000,000 persons In Europe, during the Fourteenth century, It is believed to have brought death to 25,000,000 human beings. Other diseases, almost as dreadful, are traced to the common rat. Thus, from the standpoint of public health, as well as from the necessity of controlling the drain upon the public purse. It is essential that the rat be exterminated. Once the extermination Is complete, or as nearly so as modern methods will permit, every precaution must be taken to prevent the rat from multiplying and regaining lost ground. Exterminating Plans. Trapping should be done continuously and systematically at all rat-Infested places. Rat poisons, especially barium carbonate preparations as recently deEvery Rat Cocts tfr.c Nation $2, a Total of $200,000,003 Annually. veiopod by the biological survey, should be employed. In furthering th destruction of the rat, community or civic organization Is of the greatest Importance. It does no good to drive the rats from one cellar into the next If they aro allowed to breed unmolested In their new quarters. When the campaign is made general the pest Is allowed no rest and no opportunity to intrench in a new position. If one pair of rats is left they reproduce the original number in a little while, as rats breed Ave or six times a year with an average of ten to the litter. In connection with the extermination campaigns, preventive measures should be emp'oyed against the rodent. First among these is the protection of all food supplies. This is of prime importance. The removal and destruction of refuse Is the next step !n prevention, as abandoned dumps and piles of waste material furnish excellent shelter and food for the rats that have been driven from the houses and cellars. Building Shculd Be Rat Procf. All buildings should be rat-proofed by the liberal use of cement and tin. ttat-proohng should be a prominent specification in all new construction end it should be applied to older buildings in the form of repairs. All drain outlets should be sealetl with wire cages, or similar protective devices. With the food supply locked away from him. and his shelter gone, starvation and xposure will add to the effectiveness of work with trap and poi.ns and the menace of the rat will ceae to be a real hazard against An.erieau lives and property.

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HENS WITHOUT WHEAT GIVE GOOD RESULTS

More Eggs Obtained From Pen of Rhede Island Reds. Mash Containing Only 15 Per Cent Meat Scrap Gave Very Satisfactory Results Experimenting With Green Feeds. (Prepared by the United States Derartment of Agriculture.) Poultry-feeding experiments conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture, Inst fiscal year, show that practically as good results can be obtained without wheat as with it In a ration. The Rhode Island IU ds, In the wheatless pen, averaged 140 eggs, while those in the pen receiving wheat averaged 134 eggs. Good results were obtained with the us of garbage until the warm weather began, when there was considerable mortality, due apparently to the garbage spoiling. This work Is being repeated this year with much more satisfactory results, the garbage being fed in a trough on a large wooden feeding board, which prevents It from getting on the ground and decaying. In the use of vegetable proteins the relative order of production Is the Give Poultry Right Kind of Feed at Fixed Periods. ' same as It was last year. No success has followed an attempt to substitute completely vegetable protein for animal protein. Tho ration used last year, a mash containing only 13 per cent meat scrap as compared with 20 to 25 per cent In the ordinary mashes, gave very satisfactory results with the heavier breeds, especially the Plymouth Kocks, in keeping the birds In good physical condition and fertility, though the egg yield was not' quite so good as when the higher per cent of mit scrap was used. New experiments were begun during the year with green feeds, comparing alfalfa meal with sprouted oats and comparing those rations with one in which vegetables were supplied. Whilo none of these green feeds have shown marked incrcasttl production ove- any other, the results have emphasized the importance and value of that form of food when given In a variety. ..................-.-..............-..... BURN CHINCH BUG NESTS Chinch bugs have made their appearance in certain parts of the United States. One chinch bug destroyed now may prevent the production of hundreds to infest your wheat field later. Chinch bugs pass the winter and early spring In wild grass and leaves, especially along hedges and fences and in the edges of woodlands adjoining cultivated fields. Hum grasses, leaves and other trash where tho bugs may have found winter refuge. The bugs not burned will bo killed by exposure to the weather. Clean up all trash and rubbish which may harbor the insects in winter. i s IMPORTANT GRAIN SORGHUMS Dwarf and Early Varieties Are Best ' for Higher and Drier Districts Essential Hints. The more Important grain sorghums are included in two groups of varieties, the katir group and the mllodurra group. Iwarf nnd early varieties In both groups are' best for the higher and drier districts. The use of good seed of adapted varieties, a well-prepared seedbed, rlean cultivation, and the right method of handling after harvest will Increase the yield and quality of the grain. EXCELLENT FOR LAND'S SAKE Where Sweet Clover Does Not Thrive Well an Application of Limestone Is Favored. Sweet clover Is an excellent plant to grow for the land's sake under many conditions, and where It does not grow well now It can be made to grow well by applying ground limestone to the soil. It will add hunni and nitrogen to the soil rapidly when plowed under, thereby increas'ng tlm fertility of the soil la these esvvatld fSO'ÖT

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JOY DliOUGIlT

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HOME

By Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, Restoring Mrs Benz to Health Altocna. Pa, "I am writing to te3 you what Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetablo Compound has done for me. Wo have had six children die almost at birth. From one hour to nineteen days is ail they have lived. As I was going to have another, 1 took a dozen bottles of your Vegetable Com pound and I can cay is ' that it is the great liIjest medicine oi oi earth, for this baby is now four months old and a healthier baby you would no want. I am sending you a picture of her. Everybody says. That is some healthy looking baby. You have mr consent to show this letter." Mrs. C. W. Benz, 131 3rd Ave., Altocna, Pa. No woman can realize the Joy and happpiness this healthy babe brought into the home of Mrs. Iicnz, unless they have had a like experience. A Every woman who suffers from any ailment3 peculiar to her sex, as indicated by backaches, headaches, bearingdown pains, irregularities, nervousness and "the blues" should not rest until they have given Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound a trial. Victim cf Necessity. "Senator," said that statesman's private secretary, "a delegation cf lady lobbyists insists on being seen." 'Iiless their hearts!" cried the senator, in his most cheerful manner, "tell 'cm to line up cn the capltol steps and I'll guarantee they'll be seen by no less than half a dozen press photographers. As for mo, I'm busy and positively cannot see them." That's what the senator wanted to say. As a matter of fact, he groaned aloud, put aside a batch of Important papers, and weakly said, ".Show them in." Birmingham Age-Herald. Denied the Charge. Kind Lady You should brace up, my poor man. Itemember what you owe to society. Hobo I don't owe society nuthln, lady. What d yer t'ink I've been doin' playin' bridge? Boston Transcript. Worry Is the Interest paid on trouble In advance. VICTIMS RESCUED Kidney, liver, bladder and uric acid troubles are mcst dangerous because of their insidious attacks. Heed the first warning they give that they need attention by taking (5QLD.MEPAL The world's standard remedy for thes disorders will often ward off these diseases and strengthen the body against further attacks. Three sizes, all druggists. Look for the name Cold Med! on CTerj box and accept no imitation NR Tablett tone and strengthen organs of digestion and elimination, improve appetite, stop sick headaches, relieve biliousness, correct constipation. They act promptly, pleasantly, mildly, yet thoroughly. 1 fR Tcnignt, Tomorrow Alright Do Kidney Troubles Worry You? Bladder Weakness, Dropsy, Gravel, Backache or Any Tendency to Bright's Disease or Diabetes. 50th CENTURY KIDNEY TREATMENT is tr.e most thorough, exhaustive and complete treatment ever devlsel for these destructive diseases, as a single 30day treatment, which costs lees than seven cents a day, will prove. If you euffer from a tendency to Rrlfrht'a Disease, Diabetes or any urinary troubles, don't wait until you are convinced the disease has become fully deviord. but with the flrt symptom of frequent passing of water nicht and day. w-lth emartlnsr. trick dust sediment and highly colored urine, bloatlnsr with loss of flesh, fallow complexion, with fullness under the eyes, loss of appetlto. chilliness, etc.. hasten at once to procure tht wonderful, new 20tn CENTURY 23-DAY KIDNEY TREATMENT. No rufTerer can afford to Iave this treatment untried, for kidney and bladder troubles don't wear away; thv jrrow tlowly, stealthily and with unfalltr.jr certainty. So don't delay: pet a package today. If your drurelst cannot supply you. don't accept substitute, for The Mitchell Chemical Company of Altoona. Pa., will Kladly fend It, mall charges paid, on receipt cf price. 12..

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