Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 57, Number 11, Jasper, Dubois County, 18 December 1914 — Page 3

WAR BRINGS NEW TASKS AND DUTIES

President Points Out Big Prob lems Which Confront Congress. MUST OPEN GATES OF TRADE S ps to Carry Goods to Emp'.y Market Is Imperative Necessity Our National Defense Lies in Our Citizenry Need of Economy. Washington, Dec. 8. The new tasks and duties imposed upon the t'nited States as a result of the European war occupied the grer.ter portion of President iisot message to congress read today before a joint session of the two houses. The message follows: Gentlemen of the Congress: The session upon which you are now entering will be the closing session of the Sixty-third congress, a congress, I venture to say. which will long be remembered s for the great body of thoughtful ana constructive work M Inch it has done, in loyal response to the thought and needs of the country. I should like in this address to review the notaole record and try to make adequate assessment of it; but no doubt we stand too near the work that has been done and are ourselves too much part of it to play the part of historians toward it. Moreover, our thoughts are now more of the future than of the past. While we have worked at our tasks of peace the circumstances of the w hole age have been altered by war W hat we haV6 done for our own land and our own people we did with the best that was in us. whether of character or of intelligence, with sober enthusiasm and a confidence in the principles upon which we were acting which sustained us at every step of the difficult undertaking; but it is done. It has passed from our hands It is now an established part of the legislation of the country Its useful Hess, its eft' -ts. will disclost' them selves in exp "Hence. What chiefly strikes us now. as we look about us during these closin,; days of a ear wdiich will be forever memorable in tWe history of the world, is that we face new hi I have been facing tin DB these six months, must face them in the months to come face thein without partisan feeling, like men who have forgotten everything but a com mon duty and the fact that we are representatives of a great people whose thought is not of us but of what America owes to herself and to all mankind in such circumstances as these upon which we look amazed and anxious Europe Will Need Our Help. War has interrupted the means of trade not only but also the processes f production. In Kurope it is destroy ing men and resource:: wholesale and upon a scale unprecede.i: cd and appalling. There is reason to fear that the time is near, if it be not already at ham'., when several of the countries of Kurope will find it dithYult to do for their e pie what they have hitherto been always easily able to do, Siany essential and fundamental 'hinge. At any rate they will need our help and our manifold services as they have never needed them before; and fctt sh.mld be ready, more tit and ready than we have ever been. it is of equal consequence that the nations whom Kurope has usually supplied with int umerable articles of manufacture and commerce can now et only a small part of what they formerly Imported and eagerly look to us fo supply their all but empty markets. This is particularly true of our awn neighbors, the states, great and -mall, of Central and South America, here are markets which we must supply, and we meal hnd the means of acI lOO. The United States, this great people for whom we speak and act, should be ready, as never before, to tefTC itself and to serve mankind; ready with its resources, its energies, its forces of production, an ' its means oi distribution. We Need Ships. It is a rery practical matter, a mattet of ways and means. We have the resources, but are we fully ready to use them'.' And if we can make ready what we have, have we the means at hand to distribute it? We are not fully ready; neither have we the means of distribution. We are willing, but we are not fully able. We have the wish to scre and to serve greatly, generously; but we are not prepared as we should be. We are not ready re ODO .ili-e our resources at once. We are not prepared to use them immediately and at their best, without detaj and without waste. To speak plainly we have grossly QUEER FOOD OF FILIPINOS Three Thousand Tons of Dried Grasshoppers Marketed Annual'y in Philippines. "Dried grasshoppers are used ar aed in the Philippine islands." pale Henry Jackson Waters, president of the tollege, in a talk before the ari cuKuial society of the Kansas State Agricultural college. Three thou sfttid tons of grasshoppers are mar

errri in the way in which we have stunted and hindered the development of our merchant marine. And now, when we need ships, we have act got them. I !;ve come tc ask you to remedy and correct these mistakes and omissions. The time and the circumstances are extraordinary, and so must our efforts be also. Use and Conservation. Fortunately, two great measures, finely conceived, the one to unlock, with proper safeguards, the resources of the national domain, the other to encourage the use of the navigable water outside that domain for the generation of power, have already passed the house of representatives and are ready for immediate consideration and action by the senate. With the deepest earnestness I urge their prompt passage. And there is another great piece of legislation which awaits and should receive the sanction of the senate: I mean the bill which gives a larger measure of self-government to fhe people of the Philippines. 1 cannot believe that the senate will let this great measure of constructive justice await the action of another congress. Its passage would nobly crown the record of these two years of memorable labor. An Important Duty. Put I thin' that you will agree with DM that this does not complet the toll of our duty. How are we to carry our goods to the empty markets of which I have spoken if we have not the certain an 1 constant means of transportation upon which all profitable and useful commerce depends? And how are we to get the ships if we wait for the trade to develop without them? The routes of trade must be actually opened by many ships and regular Bailingl and moderate charges before streams of merchandise will flow freely and profitably through them. Must Open Gates of Trade. Hence the pending shipping bill, dis ussed at the last session, but as yet passed v, neither house. In may judgment such legislation is imperativelv needed and can not wisely be postponed The government must open these gates of trade, and open them wide; open them before it is altogether profitable to open them, or altogether reasonable to ask private capital to open them at a venture. It is not a Question of the government monopolizing the B Id It .diould take action to make it certain thr.t transportation at reasonable rates will be promptly provided, even where the Carriage is not at first profitable; and then, when the carriage has become sullielently profitable to attract and engage private capital, and engage it in abundance, the government ought to withdraw I very earnestly hope that the Congress will be of this opinion, and that both houses will adopt this exceedingly important bill. The great subject of rural credits still remains to be dealt with, and it is a matter of deep regret that the difficulties of the subject have seemed to render it ImpOMible to complete a bill for passage at this session. Put it can not be perfected yet. and therefore there are no other constructive measures the necessity for which I will at this time Call your attention to; but I would be negligent of a very manifest duty were 1 not to call the attention of the senate to the fact that the proposed convention for safety at sea awaits its continuation and that tlie limit fixed in the convention itself for its Acceptance is the last day of the present month. Charting of Our Coasts. There is another matter of which 1 must make special mention, if I am to discharge my conscience, lest it should escape your attention. It may seem a very small thing. It affects only a single item of appropriation. Bnt many human lives and many great enterprises hang upon it. It is the matter of making adequate provision for the survey and charting of our coasts. It is immediately pressing and exigent in connection with the immense coast line of Alaska. This is a matter which, as I have said, seems small, hut is In reality very great. Its Importance has only to be looked into to be appreciated. Economy Is Urged. 1 fore 1 close, may I say a few words upon two topics, much discussed out of doors, upon which it is highly important that our judgments should be clear, definite and steadfast. me of these i economy in government expenditures. The duty of economy is not debatable. It is manifest and important. In the appropriations we paae we are spending the money of the great people whose servants we are not our own. We are trustees and responsible stewards in the spending. The only thing debatable and upon which we should be careful to make our thought and purpose clear is the kind of economy demanded of us. I assert with the greatest confidence that the people of the United States are not jealous of the amount their iMvernment costs if they are sure that they get what they need and desire for the outlay, that

keted in Manila in a year. "Tiiere is a grasshopper plasue e ry ten years in the Philippines." said President Waters, "and the problem of combating the grasshopp :s in a warm climate like the Philippines is more difficult than in countrief where cold weather serves as a i che k. "There are many acres of unset tied country which serve as breeding a s for the grai--hopp Th DtOthod used in capturing the gras 1 uppers is to organize a drive. A

the money is being spent for objects of which they approve, and that it is being applied with good business sense and management. The sort of economy we ougru to practice may be effected, and ought tc be effected, by a careful Jtudy and assessment of the tasks to be performed; and the money spent ought to be made to yield the best possible returns in efficiency and achievement. And, like good stewards, we should so account for every dollar of our appropriations as to make it perfectly evident what it was spent for and in what way it was spent. It is not expenditure but extravagance that we should fear being criticized for; not paying for the legitimate enterprises and undertakings of a great government whose people command what it should do, but adding what will benefit only a few or pouring money out tor what need not have beer, undertaken at all or might have been postponed or beiter and mc-e economically conceived and carried out. The nation is not niggardly ; it is very generous. It will chide us only if we forget for whom we pay money out and whose money it is we pay. These are large and general standards, but they are jot very difficult of application to particular cases. The Natural Defense. The other topic I shall take leave to mention goes deeper into the principles of our national life and policy It is the subject of national defense It cannot be discussed without first ansv ering some very searching questions. It is said in some quarters that we are not prepared for war. What is meant by being prepared? It is meant that we are not ready upon brief notice to put a nation in the field, a nation of men trained to arms? Of course we are not ready to do that: and we shall never be in time of peace so long as we retain our present political principles and institutions. And what is it that jt is suggested we should be prepared to do? To defend ourselves against attack? We have always found means to do that, and shall find them whenever it is necessary without calling our people away from their. necessary tasks to render compulsory military service In times of peace. Allow me to speak with great plainness and directness upon this great matter and to avow my convictions with deep earnestness I have tried to know what America is, what her people think, what they are. what they most cherish, and hold dear, I hope that tome of their liner passions are in my own heart, some of the great conceptions and desires which fare birth to this government and which have made the voice of this people a voice of peace and hope and liberty among the peoples of the world, and that, speaking my own thoughts. I shall, al least Ml part, speak theirs also, however, faintly and inadequately, upon this vital matter. Fear No Nation. We are at peace with all the world No one who speaks counsel based on fact or drawn from a just and candid Interpretation of realities can say that there is reason for fear that from any quarter our independence or the Integrity of our territory is threatened. Dread of the power of any other nation we are incapable of. We are not jealous of rivalry in the fields of commerce or of any'other peaceful achievement. We mean to live our lives as we will; but we mean also to let live. We are, indeed, a true friend to all the nations of the world, because we threaten none, covet the possessions of none, desire the overthrow of none. Our friendship can be accepted and is accepted without reservation, because it is offered in a spirit and for a purpose which no one need ever question or suspect. Therein lies our greatness. We are the champions of peace and of concord. And we should be very jealous of this distinction which we have sought to earn. Just now we should be particularly jealous of it, because it is our dearest present hope that this character and reputation may presently. n Cod's providence, bring us an opportunity to counsel and obtain peace in the world and reconciliation and a healing settlement of man a matter that has cooled and interrupted the friendship of nations. This is the time above all others when we should wish and resolve to keep our strength by self-possession, our influence by preserving our ancient principles of action. Ready for Defense. From the first we have had a clear and settled policy with regard to military establishments. We never have had. and while we retain our present principles and ideals we never shall have, a large standing array. If asked are you ready to defend yourselves? We reply, most assuredly, to the utmost; and yet we shall not turn America into a military

kcamp. We will not ask ov.r voung men to spend the best years of their lives making soldiers of themselves. There is another sort of energy in us. It will know how to declare itself and lirte shallow tank is construct 1 which has wings of galvanized iroi The tank is filled with kerosene The natives then start the drive three 0? four miles away and close in graduai ly. driving the grasshoppers befo e them into the tank. The grassho pers are then dried and sent to market. If the Filipinos would use Professor Dean s method of poisoned brin mah it would prove more effecti-. eaHewea President Waters, than the Hytem which is used.

make itself effective should occasion arise. And especially when half the world is on fire we shall be careful to make our moral insurance against the spread of the conflagration very definite and certain and adequat a in deed. Let us remind ourselves, therefore, of the only thing we can do or will do. We must depend in every time of national peril, in the future as in the past, not upon a standing army, nor yet upon a reserve army, but upon a citizenry trained and accustomed to arms. It will be right enough, right American policy, based upon our accustomed principles and practices, to provide a system by which every citizen who will volunteer for the training may be made familiar with the use of modern arms, the rudiments of drill and maneuver, and the maintenance and sanitation of camps. We should encourage such training and make it a means of discipline which our young men will learn to value. It is right that we should provide it not only, but that we should make it as attractive as possible, and so induce our young men to undergo it at such times as they can command a little freedom and can seek the physical development they need, for more health's sake, if for nothing more. BS very means by which such things can be. stimulated is legitimate, and such a method smacks of true American ideas. It is a right, too, that the National Guard of the states should be developed and strengthened by every means which is not inconsistent with our obligations to our own people or with the established policy of our government. And this, also, not because the time or occasion specially calls for such measures, but because it should be our constant policy to make tl.ese provisions for our national peace and safety. .More than this carries with it a rereraal of the whole history and character of our polity. More4 than thlsj proposed at this time, permit me to say, woul l mean merely that we had lost our self-possession, that we had been thrown off our balance by a war with which he have nothing to do, whose Causes cannot touch us, whOM very exister.ee affords us opportunities of friendship and disinterested service whU h should make us ashamd of any thought of hostility or fearful preparation for trouble. Ships Our Natural Bulwarks. A powerful navy we have always regarded as our proper and natural means of defense; and it has always i) an of defense that we have thought, never of aggress ioa or of conquest liut who shall tell us now what sort of navy to build? We shall take h ave to bo strong upon the seas, in the future as in the past; and there will be no thought of offense or of provocation in that. Our ships are our natural bulwarks. When will the experts tell us just what, kind we should Construct and when will they be light for ten years together, if the relative efficiency of craft for different kinds and uses continues to hange as we have seen it change under our vor eyes in these last few months? Bnt I turn away from the subject. It 's not new. There is no new need to discuss it. We shall not alter our attitude toward it becruse some amongst us are nervous and excited. We shall easily and sensibly agree Mich a polict of defense. The question has not changed its aspects because the times are not normal. Our policy will not be for an occasion. It will be conceived as a permanent and settled thing, which we will pursue at all seasons, without haste and after a fashion perfectly consistent with the peac of the world, the abiding friendship of states., and the unhampered freedom of all with whom we deal. Let there be no misconception. The country has been misinformed. We have not been negligent of national defense. We are not unmindful of the great responsibility resting upon us. We shall learn and profit by the lesson of every experience and every new circumstances; and what is needed will be adequately done. Great Duties of Peace. I close, as I began, by reminding you of the great tasks and duties of peace which challenge our best powers and invite us to build what will last, the tasks to w hich w e can ad jress ourselves now and at all times the free-hearted zest and with all the finest gifts of constructive wisdom we possess. To develop our life and our resources; to supply our own people, and the people cf the world as their need arises, from the abundant plenty of our fields and our marts of trade; to enrich the commerce of our own states and of the world with the products of our mines, our farms, and our factories, with the creations of cur thought and the fruits of our character this is wha- will hold our attention and our enthusiasm cteadily, now and in the year: to come, as we strive to show in our life as a nation what liberty and the inspirations of an emancipated spirit may do for men and for societies, for individuals, for states, and for mankind.

Russian Woman Martyr. Mrs. Catherine Breshkovsky known as "Baboushka, or grandmother to the Russians, has been ordered to some point on the arctic circle, after having been imprisoned at Irkutsk for trying to escape. She is seventy years old and was sentenced to tAe life of a convict because of her anarchistic activities. Several years ago she made a lecture tour of the United States. Is love an asset or a liability?

THIRTEEN INDICTED k a a m Am. a BMk a a

BT MARION Ml BRIEFLY TOLD

Indicted Men to Center Fight Against Law of 1895. REPORT HITS LOBBYISTS HARD Members of Last State Assembly and Attaches of Two Houses Are Accused of Presenting or Signing False State Claims. Indianapolis, Dec. 7. The Marion October 8 has been investigating affairs of the 1913 Legislature, returned thirty-four indictments against members of the Senate and House ?n that assembly and employes of both branches of the Legislature. Thirteen men. were named in the indictment. All of the indictments allege that the men named presented or signed false claims which were paid out of the legislative funds. legislative funds. In only one case is the man named in the indictment said to have received the money for which the alleged claims were presented. It was the theory of the grand jury that more than the legal number of doorkeepers, clerks and stenographers were employed, and that the extra ones were not employes of the State. Any claims presented for them were false, it is alleged. The investigation began October 8 after many rumors were circulated concerning the history of two salary Mils which had been indefinitely postponed, but in some way got on the statute books. The investigation took such a turn, however, that the original inquiry was nearly lost sight of and no indictments concerning the bills were returned. In the report the jury recommends that penal legislation be enacted for lobbying about the Legislature. List of Those Indicted. Those against whom indictments were returned last night by the Marion County Grand Jury, conducting the legislative inquiry, were as follows : Lieutenant Governor William P. O'Neill, Mishawaka; presiding officer of the Senate in the VJV.l General Assembly. Homer L. Cook, Indianapolis; speaker of the House of Representative! in the 1913 General Assembly and now secretary of statt. Senator Levi P. Harlan, Indianapolis; chairman of the "plunder committee" of the Senate. John J. Reagan i Indianapolis; monv her of the House of Representatives in the L918 session and chairman of the House "plunder committee." Wade H. Free, Anderson; clerk of the Senate. (.Vine Iff, Raab, Mishawaka; assistant clerk of the Senate. Sam. N. Quillin, Indianapolis; clerk of the House. Paul C. Hill, Greencastle; assistant clerk of the House. John D. (Jack) Shea, Indianapoli ; chief doorkeeper of the Senate in the llH.'l Legislature and now custodian of the State House. George W. Sands, South Rend; a representative in the 1913 Legislature. Mason J. Niblack, Vinoenne ; parliamentarian of the House in the 1913 General Assembly. George C. Stelhorn, Indianapolis; engrossing clerk in the House in 1913. Douglas Bolser, Newcastle; principal doorkeeper in the House in 1013. May Not Be Binding. The theory of the defense of the men indicted on the charge that they presented false claims against the State at the last Lgislature by causing pay checks to be issued to party workers for services not performed will be that each General Assembly is authority within itself in determining the amount to be appropriated for its expenses and in the appointment of clerks, doorkeepers and other employes. The indictments were brought under an enactment of 1895 limiting the number of employes of the House and Senate and providing for imprisonment of not less than two nor more than fourteen years for those who violated it. The enactment also provides for a fine. The committee was to have power to remove employes and to employ as many as necessary to carry on the work. The last night of the session the House approved all the warrants issued by the Speaker and attested by the assistant clerk. Members and attaches of the House under indictment are counting on this action to e'ear them of the indictment. Many who are prominent in political affairs expressed the belief that at least one of the accused will be brought to trial soon that a test ease may e made that will have a direct bearing on the others. GERMANS TAKE LODZ. Berlin, Dec. 7. Lodz, the sec md city of Poland, and lying seventy-five miles to the west by southwest of Warsaw, has fallen to the German arms. It was occupied Sunday, according to the official announcement from Berlin. Around this important town a bloody battle has raged for day . Here countless thousands have fallen In desperate hand-to-hand conflict and from shells oi hundreds of guns.

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H00SIER NEWS Connersville. Reaching high above her head into a cupboard. Garnet, five-year-old daughter of Mr. and Mrs Melvin Rynearsoo, took a bottle from the shelf and swallowed three ounces of iodine, thinking it was cough sirup. Physicians worked with the child three hours before she revived Spencer. The Jury in the case of Thomas Hardin, who killed his wife and mother-in law, Mrs. Jennie Richardson, at Hloomington. March 3. and who was tried here, returned a verdict of murder in the second degree, and he as sentenced to state prison for life. The case came from Monroe county to the Owen circuit cout on a change of venue. Laporte. Lake Shore officials are investigating an a; narnt attempt to wreck a passenger train near Chesterton, where a piece of rail was driven into tie point of a switch The discovery was made in tirn to prevent a disastrous wreck. Attempts have been made within the last ten days by supposed bandits to wreck B. & O. trains east and west of Miller. which is a Gary suburb. Fort Wayne The state legislative visiting committee paid a visit to the Indiana School for Feeble-Mind-ed Youth here and received the report of the superintendent, Dr. George N. Bliss. Doctor Bliss asks for about the same appropriations that were made by the legislature for last year. The trustees of the school and Doctor Hliss escorted the committee through the institution. Indianapolis An advance of $C39,739.42 to the various city and school funds of Indianapolis on the December tax settlement was made by the county officials. Warrants for the money were drawn by Auditor Patten. The county was advanced $S9,974. The total amount of money drawn in advance of the settlement this month was $;:::'..?." o.:,7, part of the cash received at the November payment of taxes. Wabash. While passing the owning of an alley here Floyd Circle, nineteen years old. was severely burned when two men jumped from behind a post and hurled a tlask of carbolic acid on him. His face and neck were burned by the acid and great holes were eaten in his coat, upon which the greater part of the acid was thrown. The men escaped. This is the third case of the kind which has eceurred here during the last thtee months. List on. W. F. Collins, superlntendent of schools lure, who was Sleeted HC president for tin Fifth district In the int SlOOtlm of tfce State Teachers' association, has called a meeting for Saturday. December ltc at Terre Haut, to cyinple'o th organization in this district. The work Will be in accord with the reorganization plans of the state association. A. committee of 15 county and city superiateodeats win assist Mr Cotltaa at the meeting, which will SS r 1 1 at the Btate Normal School college. Fort Wayne. While five of the county prisoners r- at work r b aning up the banks of the .V a nine river here, on1 of them, (leorge Stewart, made good his escape. The watehtnea In charge of the OMNI xpla ;:.! the escape in this way: ! i talking to Stewart when the fog came down so thick I could not see two feet away. I kept on talking, thinking ho was there. When the fog lift ! he was gone." Stewart is th rond prisoner to escape in the two days that the men have been employed outdoors. Frankfort. Frmal charges of murder in the tlrst degree upon two counts were filed against William McCoy, who killed his wife. Norma McCoy and John Byerly, when he surprised Byerly in the McCoy home. The charges are to hold McCoy until the grand jury, now in session, returns an indictment. McCoy, who attl r. ;' d to end his life by swallowing poison, is now out of danger and has been removed from the hospital ward to the clroom He beM a short c : nee with his attorneys. He shows no despondency and willingly discusses his case with officers and friends who call at the jail. Fort Wayne. Warehouse owners and some commission men in this part of the state are expected to make a big "cleaning" as the result of the big increase in the price of onions, which has been brought about by the European war. Early in the fall onions were selling on the local mgrket at 17 cents a bushel. They brought 50 cents a bushel, with few offered. A large portion of thi year's crop has been destroyed or allowed to rot by the farmers, who could not get enough for them early in the fall to pay for pulling them up. The increased price is de to an increased demand abroad. Indianapolis. William L. Higgins. first vice-president of the State Savings & Trust company, died of heart trouble at his apartment in the Buren. North Delaware street He had been in poor health for a long time. He was fifty-eight years old. Mr. Higgins was born in Lebanon, but had lived in Indianapolis since his boyhood. Mr. Higgins was one of the large real estate owners of Indianapolis, and he was active in the formation of the State Savings & Trust company. His wife died several years ago. His only child, a son. Mso died iVut a year ago.