Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 56, Number 32, Jasper, Dubois County, 29 May 1914 — Page 6

SOY BEANS-THEIR CULTURE AND USES ly C. O- CfMER, Department of Soi s and Crops, Purdue University Experiment Station. Purdue University Agricultural Extension.

A Successful Field "My clover failed on account of dry weath'T," or "My clover froze out." "Now what h all 1 do or what can I sow to mrne up for the clover failure V Thif, is a question that has been put to the soils and crops department many times. Until within the last ten or fifteen years this question was hard to answer, but the department now knows the value of some of Um annual legumes as substitutes for clover. One of the most important among these is the soy bean. The soy bean, being a legume that matures In one year, is subject, more or less, to the same conditions and the same treatment as any of the other aunual plants. Being si bjct to frost and freezing, it become necessary to delay the planting until all danger of frost has passed by. As a general rule, It is safe to plant soy beans immediately after the corn has been planted or from the flfte enth of May on. For seed production, tho soy bean should be planted not later than the tenth of June and. if then, only the earlier material varieties should be used. The earlier maturing the variety used, the smaller will be the yield of seed There are three methods of planting 09 betas: drilling in rows, drilling olid, and sowing broadcast. The seed may be sown in rows, not over thirtybIx inches apart for largest seed yields with a corn planter, selling the drill atuu hment to drop, on the average, one seed every two inches, or With a grain drill set to sow one and one-half to two bushels of oats per acre. The seed should not be covered deeper than one or one and a ball inches. A heavy rain may pack the ground so firmly that the plants cannot push their way through, when covered deeper. Broadcasting is the least desirable method of sowing soy beans of any. because of the poor germination that may occur due to insufficient com ring and moisture and the tonse.; at large percentage of weeds tnat grow up. The average of several years' experimentation at this station allows U hX, when sown in rows, a slightly larger yield of seed and hay has been secured from the rc ws sown from twenty-four to t a nty-eight inches apart than from rows over thirty-two inches wide. Drilling solid with a wheat drill at the rate of 60 pounvis of seed per acre produced a bushel of seed and nearly seven hundred pounds of hay per aero more than sowing in rowa twenty-four to LIMING OF THE SOIL By JOHN B. ABBOTT, Department of Soll and Crops, Purdue University Experiment Station. Purdue University Agricultural Extension. The kind of lime to use and the amount are matters of distinctly secvHulary imjHrtance. Essentially the Hnn.o . ff e t will bo produced by 100 pounds of marl, ground shells, ground Um sat OPt or air slacked lime as by 73 pounds of hydrated lime or M pounds of fr sh burned lirne. and it makes very little difference which is used. hoice should be based mainly on rel ative cost and purity, but may be inftMoa4 to a certain extent by tho facts that burned lime and hy lrated lime are more disagreeable to handle than the other forms and probably vhat more exhaustive of Uie organ ie matter in the soil. The question of real Importance is h ther to use lii.e at all or not. The answer depends absolutely uimjii the I heinical reaction of the soil. If the poU is basic or alkaline in reaction lime need not be used, bin if the soil Is acid lime is needed badly. Acids and bases are exact oppositcs . heroically, and when brought together as they are In the soil they combine and form ehemtcall neutral, and generally harmless, eompounda. I h;s chemieal combination goes on until all of the acid or all f the base is used up. Of course It is only seldom that the amounts of acid and base are just quäl, so after the reaction is complete there i home of on; or the other left over Whtehe er one la thus left uncombtned gjvrnd the character of th. noil If acid com pounds are left over the soil Is said vo t- sour" or a on.

of Soy Beans.

twenty-eight inches apart Drilling solid also produced 84 bushels of seed and 1,300 pounds of hay more than tho broadcasting method produced, and greatly lessened the percentage of weeds. Weeds are quite troublesome, even where the seed is drilled solid, when the season is wet, but on the average the best yields of both grain and hay can be obtained by drilling solid so far as experiments at this station indicate. If the ground is foul it probably would be best to sow in rows. The soy bean crop, of course, can be cultivated only when it is growing in rows, and up until harvest time it may be handled as one would cultivate corn. A corn cultivator with adjustable wheels can be used on rows, not less than twenty-eight or thirty inches wide. Soy beans, as well as the cow peas, are adapted for use in the rotation when clover fails. Instead of sowing the field due for a legume to a grain crop, either soy beans or cow peas may be sown in the spring, and the crop cut in the late summer either for seed or hay. An average yield of seed is fifteen to twenty bushels. Many farmers are able to produce from twenty-five to thirty-five bushels of seed per acre. It is also possible to obtain from three to four tons of soy bean hay, while a field of less than two tons would be considered unsatisfactory. Soy beans are excellent feed for hegs in the early fall when balanced up with corn. Young animals make good gains and a large amount of vegetable material is tramped into the soil. Soy beans make a good growth when sown after the wheat crop is harvested, provided there is sufficient moisture to keep the plants growing. Vnder favorable conditions ten tons, on the average, of wilted green material can be produced. If an early variety of seed is used, and the season is unusually long, a fair crop of seed can be harvested by sowing after wheat harvest. The chief purpose of an after harvest crop of soy beans is for plowing under. Soy bean oil is coining into prominence for a variety of purposes, such as soap making and as a partial substitute for linseed oil in paints, and it is safe to predict that the manufacture of this product will be one of the new industries of this country which will be a source of considerable profit ana iJL the same time build up a profitable market for sov beans for tho farmer. Investigation and experience have shown that the acid condition is very unfavorable to crop production. This is particularly' true of clover and alfalfa, which fail to develop root nodules in acid soils, and in consequence soon sicken and die. In the case of rich soils these crops may survive in spite of acidity, but in such cases they draw their nitrogen from the soil just as other crops do instead of taking a largo part of it from the air. as they are capable of doing under more favorable conditions. Maintenance of a supply of nitrogen in the soil for the grain crops is dependent upon fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by legumes, so the failure of legumes to fix nitrogen is a serious matter. It means soil exhaustion. To correct this very unfavorable condition the reaction of the soil must be changed from acid to alkaline, and lime Is the basic or alkaline material to use for that purpose. No other treatment whatever is practicable. Tho laws of chemistry are just as immutable as the law of gravity. Acid soils contain an excess of acid compounds. and can be rendered alkaline only by adding basic or alkaline material enough to combine with all the acid compounds and have some left over. It makes little difference whether the amount left over be lare or small within reasonable limits hence it makes little difference whether the application of lime be two tons to the acre or four, except that the smaller the application the sooner it will have to be repeated Consistent success with clover or alfalfa is proof that the soil does not rued lime. lYrsisieut failure of these crops is a good indication that it does. A simple confirmatory' test may be made with blue litmus paper, which can be purchased at any drug store. Hreak open a moist clod, insert a strip of the blue litmus pap r, press the soil firmly together again, and 1- ave for ten to fifteen minutes. Pronounced redd ning Indicates acidUj.

LAYING OUT A GARDEN'

ERRONEOUS IDEA THAT MUCH TIME IS REQUIRED. Plot 150 by 1C0 Feet Will Produce Enough Fruit and Vegetables for Family of Six Run ths Rows North and South. (By E. PA RKEk) There is an important economical side to this question of a garden. Beef, for instance, in its various forms Is notoriously expensive, especially where it is eaten twice or three times a day, whereas beans, peas, spinach, etc., when served with meat would make up half the amount eaten, thus reducing the cash cost of the whole. And the impression that a vegetable garden requires much time and care is such an erroneous one! Two or three hours a week will suffice for a garden 150 by 100 feet, which is capable of producing frait and vegetables enough for a family of six, provided the rows are three feet apart so that a horse may be used. In laying out suc'a a garden the rows should be run north and south, for planted thus vegetables receive the greatest amount of sun. The lim four rows should be six feet apart, and the first of these might contain twelve currant and twelve gooseberry bushes set six feet apart. In the second rowplant a hundred ra-pberry canes three feet apart, with two canes at each place. The third row will be for strawberries and will hold 15G plants grown in hills set one foot apart, no runners being allowed to grow. The next thirteen rows will be three feet apart and may be planted to the following vegetables in the order given: Asparagus plants, 50 one-year seedlings, set three feet apart in the row; parsnips, 00 feet; then a hundred feet cf onions, of which 28 feet may be young sets for early summer; beets and lettuce, 50 feet; eirly cabbage, a hundred feet; late cabbage, a hundred feet; cauliflower, 50 feet; peas, three full rows, corn, four full rows; tomatoes, a hundred feet; beans, 50 feet; okra, ten feet; then 50 feet more of string beans and 150 feet of dwarf lima beans. The remaining: four rows should be eight feet ?part to allow the vines to spread. In the first rowplant 25 muskmelons six feet apart then a row of cucumbers set six feet apart, five eggplants and ten early squash, all six feet apart. The next row may be planted to eight Hubbard squash and twelve rhubarb plants, set six feet apart, and the last two rows may very properly be given over to herbs and flowers for cutting. It is frequently forgotten that a great many people abroad, notably the drawers of water and hewers of wood, live almost entirely on vegetables, considering meat a luxury only to be indulged in once a week, while we in America, having the most deMcious and greatest variety of vegetables grown anywhere, discard them for meat. RAISING BEST DAIRY BREEDS No More Profitable Line of Stock Growing Than Rnising Good Cows for the Dairvmon. Any farmer is safe in broeding ani raising lor sale large milking or butter-producing cows. As an industry there is no more profitable line of stock growing than raising good cows and selling them to the dairymen who are making a specialty of producing market milk or selling their milk to A Good Milk Producer. condensing plants where they do not have the by-product returned to their farms to feed out to the calves that are belli? raised to replace the cows that are annually discarded from (heir herds. The keeping of rayre cows for creameries and checte factories is also encouraging and many mea are willing to pay a good price for -vell-brt'd dairy cows. SLNLIGHT AS DISINFECTANT Most Disease Germs Are Killed by Direct Light as Repeated Testa Have Demonstrated. H. PRESTON UOSK1NS Sunlight is one of the best and che.tp' st disinfectants at our disposal, and we should take advantage of this fac at everv onuortunit v. In the con struction of" barns or shelters of any kind for animals, ample provision u..i.i i a tu .iun f the maximum amount of sunlight. Southern exposure is desinible. that is. having the majority of the windows facing the south. The warmta thu provided in cold weather is desirable, and much of the excessive heat in summer can be avoided by providing suitable curtains or scp -n Most disease germs are easily killed by direct sunlight, as has been repeatedly shown by experiments.

WS P

-0TES 0F THE P0ULTRY YA

Whitewash Improves Looks of House and is Good Disinfectant Give Turkeys Free Range. (By MIlo. A. J. WILDER.) Lime Is a very good thing to use about the poultry houses. An occasional coat of white-wash on walls and on tho nest boxes greatly improves the looks of the house, besides being a good disinfectant and vennin killer. Pullets hatched in April or the first of May, make late fall and winter layers, and they are the ones that pay. Hatch all you can of them. If a sitting h n leaves the nest, do not throw away the eggs unless they are cold. If you have another broody hen. put her on the nest. She will finish the hatching, and it will save her just so much time, as well as saving the eggs. Give the little chicks skim milk to drink. It is very good for them, as well as for the older fowls. The more milk your poultry drink, the less meat it will be necessary to feed them. Do not keep too many hens in one flock. Much better results are obtained from the smaller flocks, and it is the results that count. If you want the pullets to mature early, and begin laying at five or six months old, feed them properly and well from the start. Give them a properly balanced ration, and crowd A Nice Sunny Yard tot the Chickens Is Necessary. them as fast as you can. There is no need having to feed pullets from eight to ten months, before getting any returns. Hasten the growth of young cockerels, by feeding them all they will eat. Keep them fat enough for tho table all the time, and they will reach the required weight for the market much sooner. It is the earlier markets that pay tho best prices. Don't make the mistake of thinking you can half feed your hens and make a success of the poultry business. Tho wants of the hen s body comes first. If there is any surplus it goes into the eggs. Where there is no surplus j there are no eggs. It is your business to provide enough food for the body ar.d tho eggs. If you are keeping hens for egg-production only tbre is no need for keeping any males. It costs about $1 to feed each one, and their room might better bo given to that many more hens. Turkeys must lave free range in order to do well. Do not keep them closely confined. If you have fed them regularly, they will continue to. come up at that time for their feed,, even if ?llowpd to run free. ;-nGD'JCTI0N OF GOOD EGGS Wisconsin Expert Emphasizes Importance of Clean, Whole Food Keep Nests Clean. Just because an egg is freshly Laid by an appareutly healthy hen it can not be assumed that it is a good egg. according to James G. Halpin of the College of Agriculture of the University of Wisconsin, who emphasizes the need of clean, wholesome food for the production of first-clasa eggs, liens that are forced to obtain the greater portion of their living as scavengers and given a poor range 10 work on cannot produce eggs of as good quality as can a flock which regularly is fed a good ration. Eggs lacking in prcteiu have a wat, r whlte and lhe shel! 18 att to be thin owing to the partial absence of lime. Such eggs, besides being of less value as food, are more than likely to bring forth puny chickens of low vitality, subject tc white diarrhea and an early death. With proper quantities of wheat, bran, clover, oyster shell and sound grains in the ration fed to laying hens, eggs with firm shells, rich in protein and delicately flavored are sure to result providing of course, that the flock is given clean ! nests and runs and is kept free from mites. No Use far Cholera. Tf it were not for hog cholera pork raisers would be living in the lap of luxury The t'me WM come when there will be no more excuse for hog cholera than for human cholera that until a century or so ago periodically i devastated Europe and America. Eoth 1 are essentially filtb diseases

) ALCOHOl-3 PER C E MT Avege fable Preparation for As -simila t irrg itie Foo d and Reg ula ting me Stomachs and Bowels of Promotes Digesrion,Cheerfulness and Rest Contains neither Opium. Morphine nor Mineral Not Narc otic Jix Srrm A' J Sid - Wm 1 Sttd - A perfect Remedy for Constipation . Sour 5tomach,Diarrhoea, Worms .Convulsions Feverishness and LOSS OF SLEEP Fac Simile Signature of The Centaur Company, NEW YORK M Exact Copy of Wrapper. WANTED THE STAGE FILLED Theatrical Magnate Evidently Cared More for Effect Than for Accuracy of Production. The production of great dramas was his business. His great talent was success, and his weakness was that he always liked to "show off" when he was rehearsing a play. He was in the habit of sitting far back in the darkened theater, and whenever a stranger came in to see the rehearsal work he put himself in the foreground by jumping to his feet and bawling out the actors and actresses. When he was putting on a. big production of "The Holy City" three friends of his entered the theater one afternoon to see the dress rehearsal. As soon as they had sat down the producer began to fidget in his seat. He wae consumed by the old fever for prominence. Ha wanted the visitors to see that he was the boss of everything. There were 12 men on the stage, which was unusually large. "Who are those men on the stage?" he called, out to his stage manager in a thunderous voice. "That's one of the big scenes of the play," the manager said humbly. "Those men are the 12 disciples." "Oh, well," shouted the impresario imperiously, "go out and get 12 more. "That's a big stage, and we want to till it up." As One Who's Been Humbled. The head of the family drank his OOffee uncomplainingly, although its stronpth brought tears to his ey.. "Why, father," remonstrated his son, i Ami AaaaM itnn .innllnii t ltn hMf "My son," replied the old gontleman, "it's not the first lie that I have had to swallow, by any means." LIVING ADVERTISEMENT Glow of Health Speaks far Postum. It requires no scientific training to discover whether coffee disagrees or not. Simply stop it for a time and use ! Vostum in place of it, then note th Im nefieial effects. Tho truth will appear. "Six years ago I was In a rery bad condition," writes a Tena. lady. 'I suffered from indigestion, nervous- ! ness and insomnia.

"I was then an inreterato coffee drinker, but it was long before I could be persuaded that it was cofTee that hurt me. Finally I decided to leave it off a few days and hnd out the truth. "The first morning I left off coffee I had a raging headache, so I decided I must have something to take the place of coffee." (The headache was caused by the reaction of tho coffee drug caffeine. ) "Having heard of Postum through a friend who used it. 1 bought a package and tried it. 1 did not like it at ürst but after I learned how to make it right, according to directions on pkg., I would not change back to coffee for anything. When I began to use Poetum 1 weighed only 117 lbs. Now I weigh 170 and as I have not taken any tonic in that time I can only attribute my present good health to the ase of Pos tum in place of coffee. "My husband says I am a living advertisement for Postum." Name given by the Postum Co.. Bat tie Creek, Mich. Postum now comes in two forms: Regular Postum must be well boiled. 13c and 2Zc packages. Instant Postum is a soluble powder. A teaspoonful dissolves quickly in a cup of hot water and. with cream and sugar, makes a delicious beverage Instantly 30c and T0c tins. The cost per cup of both kinds it ahout the same. Tbere's a Reaaou" for Postum. sold by Grocers.

GASTORIA For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought

Bears the Signature of For Over Thirty Years tni ofNTtun oowfUNY, nmw ro cirv. After Thought. Sonny Pa, what is a rear guard? Pa A patch on the seat of a boy'i trousers. Anybody can dye successfully with Putnam Fadeless Dye. Adv. The fish that got away is seldom as big as the story the angler teil about it. Make the Liver Do its Duty Nine times in ten when the liver it right the stomach and bowels are right. CARTER'S LITTLE LIVER PILLS gently but firmly com pel a lazy liver, to do its duty. Cures Con stipation, In digestion. Sick Headache,' and Distress After Elating. SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE SMALL TRICE. Genuine m ist bear Signature PARKER'S HAIR BALSAM A toilet prf (tarntlon cf in -rtt. Help to eradicate dandruff. For Reitorinif Color artd Beauty to Gray or Faded Heir. 50c and Sl.ouat Umzt'ir'. 400,000 Settlers Immigration figures show thatthi population of Canada increased during 1913, by the addition of 400.000 new settlers from the United States and Europe. Most of theso have cone on farms m provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Lord WiKltra Percy, an Kniish Nobiomon. lays: "Tho Doisibilities and opportunities offered by the Canadian West era 10 infinitely creaier than those which xist in E that it sems absurd to Unnk thai people hould b impeded from cominff to country where they can most easily certainly improve their pst:on. New districts are being opened up. which will make acoes sable a gras numr.'or of homestead in district especially adapted to mixed farm ing aod grain raising. For illustrated litiwalure and. reouced r&iiway rat, apply Sues, of Immtgranoa. utta CEO. W. AIRD !15 TudtssTt OeaeSlee u- j Do You W ui an cutuin lu Kknevoty to Vpolf t ftftMte b 1 Mil Iba ml wmm.it.f Want to 1 1:: ssnoy Uoua U are.; Make Money? Ta gt xetwrTo territory to? mtfcto NEW PLAN oalt Sic prrtto an 1 - iifcn i riACEMiia uro. co DAISY FLY KILLER tracts mMm kill all ft to hmml. rlaaa. UMatBl.CODTMMOt, -toap. Lull fell Med of toetoJ, cant plll or tip over, 'ill not m U o Injur anything. Uuaranud effect! All dealer rf 1 eir.i ( If r 1 DO, HAROLD SOSIXtS. ISO Dalai in . Broo:?. H T. SuperfluNs Hair Removal Cuaranteed no cbriotcaia-nw, original diaovTT lar mart free. Mrs. A O fc.aeal.i'r.oeai. Uocltoeu-i N i Suff ArAPe frn rctfto or tri !- f:n d a ICI5 . SbeetS. Brainord, Minn, fur valuable infuraialWa W A TKI Photoplay writer. Mew system- SI rj-td tu-nrM, tun, hung, turnaxl to &h. NAxlA)K YsTKg, llj ltuuL. At ant, U.-', a SI I'EKFLI Ol S II AI It KK MOVERS mnt ml buoj-. haruilita rm"l ; ualn wra atit ..: SutuUlo A K-nh nl aAj jouo arc Mexican Irawnwrk. Cnrwv Km Bracelet. Uircvi fr oi Old Metiock Itor Umt r t. UuU, pricca M rri. i.iimiw.u. REnevcs

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