Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 56, Number 24, Jasper, Dubois County, 3 April 1914 — Page 6

UNCLE SAM,

11 ruitoii state tepartm mi Agriculture.). The totAl annual loss from corral diaroK fn th' United State ia esti-n.i.-d Kb$4'i,000.000 Moreover, over n- half or nxly $25.000.000 of Uite Ion is caused by preventable diseases, rm.edi for which have beo developed and placed in usable form for the farmera by state and federal authorities. The department of agriculture, through the office of cereal investigations of the bureau of plant indus tr. has specialist In grain dioaaes Working in laboratory, field and green house in an effort to solve many scientific and practical problems of distontrol which confront the grower of cereals. The state experiment stations of Minnesota, Kansas and Washington are co-operating with thn department with a view of controlling and eliminating plant diseases that are causing such an nnorjnous loss in the grain fields. In addition, a well-equipped laboratory is maintained at Washington, where microscopic, cultural and other studies of the disease-causing organisms are carried or during the greater part of the year. While rusts and smuts of cereals are perhaps the most widely distributed and most harmful diseases which fear boot studied, there is another Hass of "cases" which our plant doctors must now consider. Thee diseasea are commonly called scabs, ilts, blights, and a number of other popular names. They are nearly all of them properly called soil diseases, because their spores have the power of living in the soil, as well as on the trau, leaf or seed of their ho3t plant. They are caused, as is the case with rusts and smuts, by parasitic fungous plants which get their nourishment from our cultivated green plants. Among the preventable cereal disrts the stinking smut, or bunt In wheat, common in all grain-growing sections and especially troublesome in T.he Palouse country of the northwest, where it is harder to control, owing to the fact that it lives over winter in the soil. The estimated average annual loss is two per cent of the crop. This smut is easily distinguished in the field when the grain is almost ripe. The smutted plants are usually slightly stunted and the heads stand more fed than the heavy, sound heads. The chaff is spread apart more or less by the dark, wollen kernels, giving the head an open appearance. When the tough membrane, or skin, of such a kernel ie broken, a dark, smeary, dust Mke mass is disclosed which has a peculiar fetid odor like that of decayed fish. i he smut can be controlled and practically gotten rid of by any one of the seed treatments whieh hav been worked out and recommended for a mimber of years by the state experiment stations. Of these the formalin treatment is probably the best. There are several ways of applying this treatment. It may be either sprayed on the grain or the grain may be soaked in the solution The fol low rig method of treatment is recommend' d by the Washington experiment station: Construct a watertight trough S feet long. 14 inches deep and 14 laches wide. Fill this two thirds fi ll of the formalin solution, which ha: been made up by dissolving one pint (a pound I of 40 per c ent, formaldehyde in 40 gallons of water Into this pour slowly the seed wheat until the trough Is nearly half full of grain Then stir thoroughly with a long-handle shovel in order to float to the surface anv smut balls that may have been car Hti in by the grain These should ! be kimmed off and destroyed. Leave th- grain in the solution about one-I half hour. It uiav then be lifted out i and piled up on a granary floor or on th bottom of a wagon box and covered with moist sacks, wheW it is left 9tf night. On the following morning It will be -eady to sow. If it Is de s red to sow the grain in a dry ondi t ion . i will be necessary to spread the treated seed out ou the floor to I dpth of two or three inches, stirring fTiQWtlj in order to hasten the dry ing pro -ess. if the seed is sown wet. allowance should be made for its swollen condition by setting the drill to sow a larger quantity per acre The oat smut, another destructive disease, is widely distributed, some ds having shown as high as M) P-r eent. of smutted heads. Estimated average annual loss is about two per cent of the crop. This smut is most Asil noticed a little before the grain Is rip-, when smutted plants are found to be shorter aud to stand more erect than sound ones In place of the ker N there are d.n k ;i .ies of smut lut which, sometimes, are covered by The i haff or glumes and sometimes are left fully exposed lid are then soo'i Fox a God in Japan. Hut Takahashi. the quaint sou of N ppon who attend William JcPWftll college and labors betimes in th Advance omV, is always talking in teres ingly to his fellow emp! tynts about his country and its customs and ruprstilioiis 'h:t atiu.nn the supt-rfctitions Is I he fear of the fox. wbtrh is blirt to bave supc-rua-turaf power Tmones called Inarl J Ins ha," In whlcb the fox is enshrined 4 a deity, ar- numberless The bjum mi Lb dsity wriUeii in Japanese char

Specialist in Cereal Diseases

blown about by the wind, leaving the stalk of the bead bare. Oat smut may be prevented by a similar seed treatment to the one given for the stinking smut of wheat There is not as much danger from smut balls remaining in the treated seed, but if any smut masses are seen they, of course, should be skimmed off and destroyed just as in the case of wheat smut. The covered prnut of barley is another cereal disease with an estimated average annual loss of two per cent, of the crop. This smut is most noticeable several days after the barley has fully headed out. The smutted le ads are darker in color than sound heads and the kernels are composed of greenish-black masses of smut. These are not blown away by the WtrNI but remain until the grain is nested and threshed, when the sn. .tted heads are broken up. Many of the smut masses are not blown out by the threshing machino but remain with the grain, smearing it with smut. The spores of the smut get on to sonnd seeds and are lodged in cracks and crevices of the seed coat until the Mid germinates in the spring, when the young smut plant also begins to 1 grow inside of fhe barley plant. This I smut also can be prevented by treating the seed with formalin in the same manner as for the stinking smut of wheat and oat smut. The kernel smut of sorghum is seri ous in c rops of kaflr, broomcorn and the sweet sorghums (cane), particularly in the arid regions of the West and Southwest. It is not so easily observed by the farmer as are most of the other grain smuts. The young smut head takes on a gray or whitish appearance, and as it develops the -mut masses in the kernels become dark brown or black. Usually smut masses are not broken and blown about to any extent in the field but remain as they are formed until harvest and threshing time. They are then broken up and the smut spores get on to clean seeds, where they stay, just as in the case of stinking smut of wheat, until the seed is planted and the spores grow and infect the young seedlings. As in ,the stinking smut of wheat, careful seed treatment will kill the smut spores on the outside of the seeds. The treatment recommended is as follows: Mix one pint (one pound) of fullstrength 40 per cent, formaldehyde with 30 gallons of water and use this solution in the same manner as directed for stinking smut of wheat. The loose smut of wheat is widely distributed wherever wheat is grown. The estimated average annual loss is one per cent, of the crop. This smut is most noticeable at the heading time of the grain. In smutted heads the kernels and chaff are replaced by dark sooty masses, which are soon blown away by the wind, leaving bare stems that are usually not noticed at harvest time. The smut matures and ripens its spores when the wheat is in bloom, that is, soon after heading time. The spores do not remain Inclosed by the luift, but are loose and are immediately blown about by the wind, fall on healthy wheat heads and some of them get on to the young ovary or seed of the wheat flower. Here they germinate and send little filaments or germ tubes into the young forming kernels. As the kernels grow and en-

LOOSE AND STINKING SMUTS OF WHEAT. A. Normal Head of Wheat. Showing Kernels Below. B. Head of Wheat. Affected by Stinking Smut, Showing Smut Balis at a. C. Loose Smut.

I acters signifies fox. and from this ! it came to be believed that the deit really was a fox. Its natural cunning is greatly enlarged upon and it is believed to be capable of miß leading and deriving human beings. Liberty Advance. Enjoys It. (iabe There goeti a fellow who enjoys ill health. Steve Enjoys it? What is he, a h nochondrtat ? i.abe No. he's a physician.

largo tiny smut plants are formed inside of them, but remain hidden and allow the kernels to develop and fill out like other seed. The loose smut cannot be prevented by the ordinary formalin seed treatment, as it lives over the winter inside of the seed instead of on the outside of the seed coat The onlyseed treatment which has proved to be a preventive for this smut is the hotwater treatment. This is a delicate operation for the average farmer to perform, as the death point of the wheat seed itself is so close to the death point of the smut in the seed that very accurate thermometers and careful handling are necessary. The estimated average annual loss of loose smut of barley is two per cent, of the crop. The time of appstimce and other characteristics of this smut are almost identical with the loose smut of wheat described above. This smut cannot be pre vented by the formalin treatment because the smut passes the winter inside the seed. The hot water treat merit will prevent it, but it is not recommended for the average farmer who must treat a large amount of seed in a short time at his busiest time of the year. The study of corn smut Is receiving considerable attention by the department. The losses are variable, being largely dependent upon the locality and the season, but are often serious. No adequate means of control are at present available, though it is known that the losses from corn smut are less where a rotation of crops is practiced and where care is taken not to feed smutted corn to livestock and then use the fresh manure on corn land; because corn smut spores pass through the digestive tract of farm animals uninjured and can live and multiply in the manure. Each of the cereal crops has one or more kinds of rust affecting them. The black, or stem, rusts of wheat, barley and oats are the mose. serious. Kach of these three orops has ary early or so-called leaf rust, which nearly alwavs is present, but seldom does serious damage. The rusts, as their name would indicate, first appear as reddish dr yellowish spots ou the

leaves or stems of the grains. The stem rust forms long spots of this yel lowish powder, which turn black as the grain ripens. It is this black rust ' stage with which most farmers are ! familiar and which thev fear the most. The rusts are perhaps the most serious of all cereal diseases, for no practical preventive measures are at present know, other than the use of wbettU of the durum group, and the selection and breeding of new varieties resistent to rust. No seed treatment is of any use hatever. as the rust is an external ! parasite, not living over in or on the ! seed. Neither has any spray for che gltNi in; plants been devised which will give results at all in proportion to the cost of its application on q ; large scale. In fact, experiments carried on with sprays on small plots i have not given very promising results. It is hoped eventually to furnish the farmers of the reat grain-producing sections with new varieties which ! shall be equal to the old. commonly grown sorts and, in addition, will have 1 the added value of being immune, or I at least resistant or tolerant to rust. k One on Ginter. Jesse Carmiehael was walking dowi. town in New York with his friend. Hob Ginter. Hob was pulliug iudustriously on a fat, dark cigar, and had succeeded in consuming about half of it, causing ihe covering to curl up with the heat. What in thunder are you smoking?" aiked c'armichaW 'A fine cigar." replied Ginter. "Oh." said Carmiehael, "I thought it was an umbrella.' Popular Maga zine.

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FOR THE MIRROR APART FROM USUAL PURPOSE, IT ADDS TO ROOM'S APPEARANCE. Well Worth the Cost, Which Need Not Be Prohibitive, in Enabling Owner to See Herself as Others See Her. How any woman creatur ! able to do without a full-sized mirror is more than 1 can tell! This eliding up and down of a Imall mirror to get a whole effect haa ever been a mystery to me, writes Kthel Davis Seal in the Nen Vork Press. And yet I know they do it! I know one woman who sets her mirror on the floor to view the hem of her skirt; on a chair to arrange her girdle, and completes her head dressing through the aid of a nail on the wall. She really could afford two or three large mirrors, if she made up her mind to it. but she just doesn't take the trouble. On the part of some, this hesitancy to acquire a large mirror is sometimes due to a dislike for the usual mirrored furniture to be seen in the shops and the prices. Of course, all mirrors are expensive, every one knows that, and so. when laying out the money for one, it should be of a design which appeals to the owner. Mirrors have two other very important uses. They make a small room look larger and they make a dark room lighter. Either one of these uses provides a sufficient reason for having one or more mirrors about, without considering their transcendent quality for the reflecting of feminine beauty. (It is a well-established fact that the men never use them. Clearly proved by the number of men we see gazing raptly into those terrible chewing-gum mirror arrangements to be found in every subway station.) Now one of the easiest mirror "plans" is to have one installed in the closet door of the bedroom. It is not necessary for the glass to be beveled, though this is a matter of taste and price. A sufficiently large piece of glass would cost about $10 or $15. The cheval glass shown in connection with the vase and footstool could easily form the keynote of a very charming room. This Is to be found in the shops, and is priced at $r0. It conies in mahogany, gray or white enamel. If it and the rest, of the furniture were in gray enamel, the walle and woodwork might be in cream, the wall tone being a few shades darker than that used on the woodwork. The rug. of course, would be very important, and it would be worth while to hunt until one fnds exactly the right thing, which should be a rug in which BT?! and buffs and creams blend, with touches of old blue and old rose; a rug which is so soft and delightful In coloring that one would be tempted to hang it on the wall. The floor should be painted gray, a few tones darker than the furniture. And in this way have we fitted the framework of our room to hold our furniture. CLING TO LOW WAIST LINE Noticeable in All the Season's Childish Models Short Sleeves Retain Their Popularity. The majority of t'.e styles for children which have bffn displayed thus far have the low waist line, which is marked by a sash plaited into folds. Sleeves are short, stopping at the elbow In order to display the rounded dimple which generally lurks there. One unusually pretty model, which would do very nicely for a party dress, is made of very sheer white batiste The neck of the garment is cut square and at the shoulder, on each side, there Is a series of small pin tucks, which provides the necessary fullness. The waist line is very low. and a deep ruffle, joined to the upper portion of the dregs by Valenciennes lace inserted after the manner of (Jreek fretwork, forms the lower part of the garment. Small clusters of pin tucks around this skirt ruffle at equal distances furnish the fullness, and a dainty sash of pink ribbon, which goes behind the tucks and over the plain surface of the skirt. Tiny rosettes of the same pink ribbon adorn the little elbow length sleeves and If desired onp may also be placed on the waist. Dainty Idea. A small square of thin silk in KU color may be hemstitched. In the center of this square sew a disk of batiste, to be drawn up by a draw string, which Incloses a tiny powder puff When pulled up It resembles a silk handkerchief and is worn to match the costume, being thrust in Uu : sags.

iSE

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!F0R THE HIGH school girl

Modistes Have Paid Especial Attention to Designs Suitable to Somewhat Trying Age. Heretofore there has been a lack of properly fitting clothes for girls from eleven to fifteen years of age. Girls of such ages are too young for misses' clothes and too old for children's sizes. There are now sizes to suit these ages. The waists and hips of these dresses are cut larger than for misses. The bodices are usually of a simple style, many having the lowneck and three-quarter sleeve or tho sleeve that turns at the elbow. Serviceable two piece dresses have the modified middy blouse, with a skirt of contrasting material. The flounce skirt is also well liked. For school wear serges, gabardines and black and white checks are used, as are also the smaller Scotch plaids. ( oats for these misses are made with odd yoke effects, raglan sleeves, kimono collars and belts placed at the low waist line. Some coats have the Mare, which is so fashionable in women's coats, produced by the use of two flounces edging the coat, or by cutting the coat in two sections, the lower of which has considerable fullness. The materials for these coats include series, gabardines, novelty worsteds and silks, smart checks, fancy mixtures, poplins, worsteds in crepe effects and ratines. Collars and cuffs are of lace, batiste embroidery or crepe embroidered in white or colors. Fancy silk collars are used on some of the cloth coats. Novelty buttons are a prominent trimming, being in matching or contrasting colors. In addition to navy bluo the popular colors are tango, sage green, Copenhagen, rust and mahoanv. DRESSY MODEL FOR CHILD Moss Green Cheviot Probably the Best Material That Could Be mpioyed for This Costume. On a child of ten or twelve this little suit would be pleasing made of moss green cheviot. It is cut in peasant style with two tucks laid on the shoulder and at the drop shoulder seams to which the sleeve is joined. Just between these two groups is inserted a broad band of plaid silk running from shoulder to girdle which is of plain self-tone silk. A knot and two Long, flat loops finish this at the back. The skirt is very narrow, two tucks corresponding in position and size to those on the blouse portion contributing the only fullness. Collar and tie are of the plain silk. Two-Piece Dress for Girl. The mother who takes pride in dressing her children prettily can do so by adopting the idea of the twopiece dress. A little underslip that consists both of the skirt and guimpe can be made of lingerie, net or embroidery. A child always looks most charming in a costuine which includes white, and no color stands washing as well. However, all white is sometimes not practical. A little old-blue overdress, blocked in equal, square scallops on the bottom and sleeves, may be put over different little slips, allowing about eight inches of the white tlo nice to show from under the scallops of the dress at the bottom. The sleeves correspond to the bottom of the dress. The little neck is cut deep to allow the white guimpe to show. A cord of blue silk holds the dress in place at the neck and emerges in a tassel looped careless ly in the front ATTRACTIVE GOWN Model cf white supple satin with belt and sash of black satin trimmed with jade ornaments. Collar and wired tunic of black tullt.

LOSING HOPE

WOMAN VERY ILL many Restored lo Health By Lydia EL Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. Bellevne, Ohio. " I was In a terrtbl täte before I took Lydia . Pinkh&m't Vegetable Comouunn My back ached until I thought it would break, I had pains all over me, nervous feeling and periodic troubles. I was very weak Ml run down and was losing hope of ever being well and strong. After taking Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound I improved rapidly and today am a well woman. I cannot tell you bow happy I feel and I cannot say too much for your Com pound. Would not be without it in the house if It cost three times the amount. "Mrs. Chas. Chapman, R. F. D. No. 7, Bella vue, Ohio. Woman's Precious Gift. The one which she should most zealously guard, is her health, but it is the one most often neglected, until some ailment peculiar to her sex has fastened itself upon her. When so affected such women may rely upon Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, a remedy that has been wonderfully successful in restoring health to uuffering women. If yon have the slightest doubt that Lydia K. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound will help you, write to Lydia K. Pink ham MedicineCo, (confidential) Lynn, Mass., for advice. Your letter will be opened read and answered by a won. an, and held in strict confidence. Lameness Sloan's Liniment is a speedy, reliable remedy for lameness in horses ana farm stock. Here'i proof. Lameacu Cons "1 had a horse sprain his ahooldtr by pulling, and he was o lame he could not carry foot at all. I got a bottle at your Liniment and pat it on four timea, and in three days he showed no lauaeneaf at all. and made a thirty mile trin bes'Jca.' WaUmr B. A lor, ford. La Sail, CoL For Splint and Thrush "I hare used Sloan's Liniment on a fine mare for splint and cured h r. This matces tne third Horse g re cured. Have recommended it to my neighbors for thrush and they say it is fine. 1 find it the best Liniment I ever used. I keep on hand your Sure Colic Cure for myself and neighbors, and I can certainly rvomraond it for Colic. Smuth, McDonough, Co SLOAN'S LINIMENT is a quick, safe remedy for pool, try roup, canker and bumble-foot y it For Reap and Cankar "Sloan's Liniment Is the speed! eat and surest remedy fw poultry roup and canker in all its forms, especiaJly for canker in the vindpipe." uüiAt all Dealers. 25c.. 50c St tl .OO Red Sloan's Book oa Horses, CattU, Hogs and Poultry; ect free. Address DR. AM S. SIOAN, tec, fatot, fas. ft! tri Kr Ufr mft ru snd pnta! w'th nam snJ 11 K.'DiMiy SaojpV i 1 help you. l"o.:i- reitr. lasting- results. Str Im. CSflol Sa, SsShi . KUTIKFI Y 1 Mi NOV N IN TIIF I H-Wa want antft Trry where, no risk ; no outlay Wriie toaay. iu4i, rrrtnci?r us niMiM. . )tk4(tok -Oar method and has Ines. mall lnrestnii-nt !jBtftt I aUt ( . 119 f.H. Treat Sie . t. V Yonr Window Onen for TeHlfttlnai Ac mm L'-rfe su:aU'!Tr(urf Ajtenta wanted, i'rtoe s us. KIM HALL. US Champa K . Lfenver. Coin. Mine no ADC V If n before tappln. vvn. vnvrsi C i Addrr, W31. lit M 1.1.1. ltrMk.lioL AfTltlTC Hsnd nr.: our needle cases and uls AcilMl I J 'ha saooer. Hample book, lift nssfllss Uc MDW1N t.MA II. fcSO Lortllard PLMew Torn oit min. cniP ae J Ill sail wvii nam iwiu Vvu now T.-r 1U rou joh.i l-llK. 5SO E. Milwaukee, Detroit, Michcents JOHN Man and Inf asaaa baruw poor It a. send a4rea wen aim n which r or secrru to resioTeaama Man

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