Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 55, Number 47, Jasper, Dubois County, 12 September 1913 — Page 2

SIZING AND GRADING OF THE APPLE CROP By V. R, PALMER, Department of Agriculture, Purdue University Experl mcnt Station. Purdue University Agricultural Extension.

Old-Tims Apple Ricks Never Pile Pack With the- wide variance of late years In the size and quality of apples, the necessity arises for definite standards of value. The many specialized uses for apples make it desirable to have uniformity in each recognized package. Apples as packed for market should be uniform in variety, shape, size, color, degree of maturity, quality and appearance. Uniformity Indicates care, reflects quality and promises full value. The average grower imagines that the largest fruits in a mixed lot determine Its value to the purchaser. We find crates and barrels faced with this Idea In mind. The critical buyer is greatly influenced by what he can see, yet experience has taught him to examine within. His valuation is based on the poorest specimens with nothing extra paid for those of better quality. Both buying and selling may be more satisfactorily carried on if the contents of a package are of a definite grade. Standardized in this way, the producer can set a definite price with the expectation of receiving it. The purchaser, knowing that it is standard, gets definite value for a definite price. In fact, some of the most easily made money in the apple business is made by this very plan of sorting a lot of mixed sizes so that each grade Is uniform and attracts buyers who desire that grade. Al grades can be sold, but the grower should realize that he is wasting money by mixing grades or by trying to misload experienced buyers. Thinning. It might not be out of place to say that much expense in sizing and grading can be saved if more growers would practice thinning early in the season. This is needed especially for box packing as the remaining fruits are more uniform iu ffizo. Even with the thinning of the "June drop" many fruit spurs still contain clusters of three and four apples each. These apples in clusters uro more subject to insect and fungus Injury than single fruits and they go not color as well. On heavily loaded trees such as Winesap each cluster should be thinned to contain not more than two fruits, and if occasion Justifies only one should be left. They cannot bo removed wholesale, but can be quickly thinned by snipping the stems with thinning shears and letting tho fruit fall. Removal of these misshapen and diseased apples gives the others a better chance for growl h, lessens the picking and grading exponso, and permits the stem to reTHE CARPET BEETLE, OR "BUFFALO MOTH" By JAMES TROOP, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, School of Agriculture. .Purdue University Agricultural Extension. One of the most dreaded of all housetiold pests is tho carpet beetle, or socalled "BufTalo Moth" (Anthrenus tfcrophularlae) . Most housewives are well acquainted with its undesirable habits, as well as the difficulties attending their efforts to rid the house of its presence when once it has become badly infested. The adult of this insect is a little oval beetle about three-sixteenths of .an inch long, nearly black in color, but -covered with light-colored scales which give it a somewhat mottled appearance. It Is very shy and when disturbed it feigns death, consequent-1 -ly it is seldom aeen while at work. Whllo It is more common in warm weather, it Is often found in winter In houses that are kept constantly heated The female lays her eggs in convenient places, and these hatch in a few days, and the larvae bogin feeding on carpets or woolen goods, making irregular holes, sometimes following & crack in the floor, thus making a long slit in the carpet. The larvae are brown in color, about onefourth of an inch long, and clothed with stiff, brown hairs which are -tonfer at each end thrn on the back .nd sides. They doveiop quite rapldy when thscs Is plenty of food in

Fruit In ths Orchard Pick, Sort and at Once.

main in the apple and the spur on the tree. Handle Carefully. Bruises are mortgages due within ninety days. Place fruit In storage or shade as soon as picked, as the first twentyfour hours' care decides Its storage life. If some of the better fruit is to be packed in boxes more careful attention must be given to grading and sizing, as the contents of the box packages must be strictly uniform. Our standard apple box may be packed with a dozen or more different sizes of apples. Different arrangement permits this, and anyone having carefully sized apples can become skillful, first by knowing the technique, and second, by practice to attain speed. While it is likely that Purdue will soon issue an illustrated bulletin on packing apples, yet it may be well to mention some of the problems to be overcome when packing he box. Alignment and Compoctness. When the grading has been well done the alignment is easily secured. By keeping the lateral rows even as you proceed in each layer, the companion rows reach the end of the box at the same time. Where trouble is encountered in a layer coming ou' slack at the end, it may generally be remedied either by substituting a slightly larger size, or more room for needed fruits may be obtained by drawing that layer endwise with the palms of the hands. Bulge. By using the more elongated apples across the center of each layer, and the flatter apples at the ends of that layer, the center of the packed box may be from Qne to one and 'one-fourth inches higher than the box. This is called the swell or bulge and allows for a certain amount of shrinkage. With elastic soft wood used for box tops and bottoms (four cleats are needed) a box will conform to this shrinkage and still keep the contents compactly uniform. Height of Ends. To be well packed, the end3 of the top layer are to be flush with the top of the box. This is secured by having used the more flat tipples for the ends and the longer ones at the center. In extreme cases of flat apples, they may bo packed with the cheek up for a layer or two that the desired height might be gained. The well-packed box must contain fruits of one size, compactly and uniformly placed, so that full value is secured with attractive appearance. sight, otherwise their growth is somewhat retarded. In this Jatltucle there are two broods during tho summer and fall. After the beetles have finished laying their eggs they fly to the windows and, if these are open, they fly to and feed upon flowers of various kinds, notably the. splreae or meadow sweet. Remedy. As already Intimated, thero is no easy way of getting rid of this insect when it has once gotten a foothold in the house. This is especially true in houses where oarpets are generally used, as these muke a fine hiding place for the beetles. Tho carpets must be taken up, thoroughly dusted and hung on a line and sprayed with benzine or gasoline; the floors treated to hot water, and, if there is no fire in the house, the cracks in the floor and baseboards may be treated with benzine or gasoline. As this soon evaporates, there will be no danger after the rooms have been given a good airing. Tarred roofing paper put on the floor when the carpet is put down will have a deterrent effect upon the beetle. In case the larvae are discovered soon after they have begun work, in patches here and there, they may be killed by spreading a wet sheet over the infested spot, and then ironing this with a hot iron. The steam thu generated will destroy the larvae. Where hardwood floors are used, and rugs are made to serve the place of carpets, trouble from this insect is quite rare. Planting Fruit Trees. In planting fruit trees don't make the common mistake of putting fertilizer in the hole where it will come in contact with the roots. Acres of young trees have been lost In Ulis way.

WITH SLASHED SKIRT IDEA THAT MAKES FOR GREATER COMFORT IN WALKING.

Slight Opening and Draped Fullness From the Front Give Alio the Effect of More Volume Illustration Shows Result Two rival modes are being shown in which the prevailing movement toward greater comfort in narrow skirts Is emphasized, says the Kansas City Star. One is in slashing the skirt at the feet and the other Is in the pannier-like draperies and tunics which, although they do not add to the actual width at the foot, produce an appearance of amplitude by the extra width below the waist. A very good example of these two treatments is demonstrated in the accompanying sketch, which represents a new model developed in crepe de chine. All of the soi't, pliable silks of medium weight and color are being uSed for afternoon street and tea dresses, and there is nothing nicer than crepe de chine, which retains its hold on popular fancy despite the numberless newer weaves that swell the list. Oyster white is the color of this costume, and though the skirt is really quite narrow at the feet the slash allows ample room for walking, and the draped fullness from the front gives the effect of more volume. The skirt opens directly down the front and is trimmed part way with wee emerald buttons. It is mounted to the waist with even gathers, and has some unstitched plaits laid in place In front, which are swung downward and draped toward the back where the panel train, hung from under the tunic, falls over and conceals the catching up of the material. The tunic skirt is made on cut away lines, running down in a roundCalling Costume of Oyster White Crepe de Chine. ed coat-tail in back. It is faced with a six-inch bias fold of self-material piped on the inside edge. Above tho narrow crushed girdle of emerald satin, and covering the lower fronts of the blouse, are two triangular bibs buttoning together at the center and piped around the edge, giving the effect of a, continuation of the bias fold facings on the cutaway tunic. In back of these more of the emerald PASSING WHIMS OF FASHION Odd and Sometimes Really Pretty Effects Ars Produced by Comparatively Simple Touches. A plain long sleeved corsage with seamless kimono shoulders was seen ii a New York shop recently. It was out out in a deep V in front, was outlined by a white lace Medici ruche and little rolled back curved lapel of black taffeta, both caught together at the girdle top with a cabuchon ornament. Prom this point a. black taffeta sash started, passing around to the back and widened by a second turn about the waist. One long separate end hung from one side of the front to knee depth. Sprigged t taffetas are sometimes combined with plain shantung or satin. One model had an original sash, or rather sashes, for there were really two, both of the sprigged red taffeta used for the frock. The upper girdle, swathed about the figure up to the bust line, was placed above a narrow black velvet holt, the lower edge tucking under it, and the lower girdle was swathed about the figure to hip depth, the upper edge of it passing under the velvet belt. This gave the effect of a tremendously wide girdle with a black velvet belt in the center. Flexible Bracelet. A flexible bracelet watch of dainty workmanship is composed of sterling silver, decorated with. French enamel is turquoise blue and white, and can be adjusted to fit the wearer's arm. These watches are chiefly to be recommended for their lightness, durability and general attractiveness

satin like that of the girdle is ar

ranged, arched in front and crushed down toward the back, where It tias in a large square bow. The blouse has straight three-quarter-length sleeves set under a piped seam in the dropped armholes, and the V neck is the result of the crossed front edges. Both neck and sleeve are relieved by an eyelet-embroidered collar and cuff set of sheer white mull. ADDS TO INVALID'S COMFORT Improvised Table Primarily Designed for That Purpose But May Be Put to Many Other Uses. A table for an invalid is a necessity in every household. Such an article comes in most useful for other uses; sometimes a guest likes to have breakfast in bed, or even write. .A table can very easily be made at home. Purchase a box, if one is not at hand, from the grocer; they need to be flat and fairly strong. Cut out of the two long sides pieces as shown in the sketch; then sandpaper the wood well all over, go over It until it is quite smooth. The table can be stained, enamelled, or worked with the poker according to choice; a little ornamentation can be made at the sides. If the table is stained a better effect is got if it is afterwards brushed over with hard white spirit varnish. It can be used by an invalid, for writing on, or for a checker board, as well as a table, if properly marked. Simply rule out the squares in the centers of it, and All the alternate ones in with blaqk stain. The box should not be too shallows otherwise it does not fit comfortably. BETTER THAN SASH OF SILK Rubber Girdles With Bathing Suits Are New Fruit Trimmings on the Late Summer Hats. Rubber girdles and sashes to wear with bathing suits are a boon to the woman who worries about the wrinkles and creases and faded streaks that appear in a silk or satin sash after it has been in the water many times. These are made in the soft and attractive colors in which rubber bathing caps are made, and are cut on graceful and becoming lines. A wide strip Is folded about the figure for a girdle, and it is finished with long, fringed sash ends. Often a bunch of rubber flowers adorns the meeting of the sash ends and girdle. An attractive hat for a young gin is made of white straw, with a simple, rounded crown, and an even, rolling brim. The hat is encircled with a wide box-plaited fringed niching made of white taffeta silk. On the right side of the hat a small bunch of roses is half hidden In the wide, full niching. Fruit is much used to trim late summer hats. It is usually made of silk, sometimes of velvet, and it can be made at home by the woman with imagination and clever fingers. It is sometimes made of beads. The beads, in a clear, bright color, are strung on fine wire and wound around and around little forms made of cotton batting. Bright red beads suggest strawberries, especially if two crossed strawberry leaves are fastened under each fruit. Violet beads make good plums, and, if the rounds are smaller and a dozen of them are bunched together they look like grapes. DESIGNED FOR LITTLE GIRL Pretty Frock That Would Make Up Most Effectively in Linen of Almost Any Color. A pretty linen frock for a little girl appears In the drawing. This is made with a deep shoulder yoke of the material outlined by points of heavy lace. Into this yoke the blouse portion Is pleated. The sleeve is trimmed with the point3 of lace above a cuff of linen. The skirt, also pleated, has a plain lower portion with deep hem above which are two rows of straight lace insertion with lace points on upper and lower edges. The girdle is of black elvet with a buckle of lace at the center front. The center pleat is trimmed with small crochet buttons in groups of three. Colored Linen on Lingerie. Narrow bias strips of linen, used to trim lingerie, are a novelty. The idea came from France, where most good lingerie ideas do come from. The linen is cut on the bias and folded under on each edge to form strips half an Ich or so wide. Pale blue, pink and yellow, the color of the moment in lingerie, are used. Colored ribbons to match the linen folds used, of course.

.

good use for crabappleat LUNCH OR PICNIC

Made Into Preserves to Serve With Cold Meat in Winter, There Is Nothing Nicer. One peck of crabapples will make about six quarts. I use the regular glase fruit jars and my fruit is kept in a cellar, where there is a furnace, and never spoils. Fifty crabapples and five measuring cups of sugar, 1 cup3 hot water, will just fill a quart jar and also a pint. I find it convenient to know about the number, as it saves time for me. First wash and pick over fruit Do not peel, but cut out blow end and stem, also any bad spots, put on sugar and water to slowly dissolve. When it is hot put in the desired quantity of fruit and cook till a silver fork will pierce easily, which will take about 20 to 30 minutes. Fill your jars while mixture is boiling hot, and cover tightly. I pick out any that may be bruised or specked and put them into spiced vinegar. For one quart take iy cups of sugar, one-half cup vinegar, one-half cup water, one-half teaspoon cinnamon, one-quarter teaspoon cloves. Dissolve sugar in vinegar, put in the spice and water when hot. Put in fruit and cook till it can be pierced by a fork. Can when hot. Nice to eat with cold meat. Exchange. When you can not have an egg beater try using three forks instead of one. A coat of clear varnish is a good thing to give straw matting before it is laid. When cooking beef in a fireless cooker do not put salt on until the beef is done. If fruits are canned as soon as they are picked there will be less loss by fermenting. Let the white woodwork have plenty of sunshine. Too much shade makes it yellow. To save both time and the cream in whipping it, whip cream in a pitcher instead of a bowl. There is no chance of a spattering. When a cloth dress becomes spotted sponge it with equal parts of hot water and turpentine. Iron the parts when dry over a damp cloth. Pieces of old kid gloves are excellent for mending the back seam of children's shoes. Sew the patch neatly on the inside of the worn place. To clean lacquered articles, brush with hot water and mild soap, wiping and drying before the fire and finishing with a soft cloth. Do not use alkali or soda. It will remove the lac-, quer. Swinging Jardinieres. Our Oriental friends seem to have solved the problem of the summer storm and the porch plants by using swinging jardinieres made of split bamboo and plaited grasses. We all know the ' havoc wrought among our beloved ferns by the sudden violent bursts of wind which come on hot summer days and come, seemingly, out of a oiear sky, -with scarcely a moment in which to shelter the cherished potted plants. These jardinieres of split bamboo hanging from the porch roof by strands of plaited grass just sway gently back and forth and by so doing allow the plants to accommodate themselves more readily to the gusts of wind, and so little damage results. Besides their usefulness, the beauty of theso swinging jardinieres will appeal to any woman who has an eye for the artistic. They are almost the last word for prettiness for the porch fitted up with hanging screens and furniture of bamboo. Bed Linen Economy. It pays to turn sheets at the first sigh of wear in the middle. It also pays to make sheets at home and to get a rather light-weight muslin, choosing exactly the same weight, for pillow cases. The unworn parts of sheets may then be made into pillow cases. The making of sheets and pillow cases is a trifling matter, and the saving on a single sheet is at least 20 cents, to say nothing of the fact that the quality of the muslin you buy is better than the average material used for ready-made bed linen. If you have linen sheets and pillow cases the saving is more marked. Aside from the comfort of sheets three yards long they were better as they are not torn or strained In the constant pffort to pull them up. Restoring Gilt Braid. Gilt braid easily becomes tarnished. When this happens brush the braid free from dust and rub a little powdered alum well into it. Leave it for a few hours, then brush off, and you'll find the braid as bright as new. Foaming Sauce. Beat one-half cup butter to a cream, add one cup sugar, granulated, and jrtir till white and foaming. Just before serving" pour on one cup boiling water and stir a moment. Ochre In Starch. To keep the color of ecru lace when washing it, add a little yellow ochre oil paint to the starch. Mix a small amount of the ochre with boiling water and add it to the starch, or to the last rinsing water if starch is not used. To Renovate Leather. For renovating mildew on leather, I find the following Is very good: Use it piece of flannel with a little vaseline and rub the mildewed part.

m Knowing

DELICATE SANDWICHES THAT ARE EASILY PREPARED.

Oldtime Favorites, With Some Thit May Be New Cheese Capable of Many Variations; and All Are Good. Egg Sandwiches Spread the bread slices with butter, then with good stiff mayonnaise or boiled dressing. Lay crisp, tender lettuce leaves on each slice and sliced hard-boiled egg, or egg scrambled, with cheese between the lettuce, and press lightly together. Boiled egg chopped fine with sweet green pepper and mixed with mayonnaise and spread between lettuce leaves or shredded lettuce, is another idea. Outing Favorite To two tablespoonfuls of butter, creamed, add half a cup of grated or finely shaved American cheese, two or three boiled and mashed sardines, a tablespoonful of mushroom catsup, dash of mustard and paprika, and half a small bottle of stuffed or ripe olives chopped fine. Season with salt to taste and spread between thinly buttered slices of bread. Spanish Sandwich Cut whole wheat bread In thin slices, butter lightly, spread with little made mustard, then a layer of pottage cheese, mixed with chopped ripe or green olives. Or mix the olives with mayonnaise and spread on one slice of the sandwich, and the cheese on the other. Country Club Sandwich Lay a crisp lettuce leaf on a thin slice of tomato, cut in four sections, and spread with mayonnaise. Lay on upper buttered slice of bread. Cottage Cheese, Olive, and Horseradish Rub into the cottage cheese a little grated American cheesG and a few chopped olives. Then add enough fresh grated horseradish to give the paste a "nippiness" that is agreeable. Season with salt, and add enough cream or mayonnaise to make a paste to spread easily. Ham Sandwich- A paste made of minced ham, little vinegar or sharp cider, in season, made mustard, mixed with grated horseradish and olive oil. A few chopped nasturtiums may take the place of the horseradish at this season. Cheese Sandwiches Of cheese sandwiches there is infinite variety. For plain picnic sandwich the most satisfactory form is to slice good rich American cheese about an eighth of an inch thick or not quite as thick as the bread slices; lay It on the .uttered bread, sprinkle with salt .nd paprika, spread a little French mustard over it if for grown people, who would probably prefer Gruyere to American cheese. Sliced baked apple and cheese make a sandwich that Is good and wholesome for the children. Grate any rich cheese and mix with butter, a little salt and paprika or mustard, and spread on the bread. Fancy Towel. An unusually handsome towel can be made of heavy linen buck and coronation crochet insertion. Procure a huck towel of the size desired (the insertion is rather too heavy for the small guest towel, with hemstitched ends. Cut one end off about an inch and a half above tho hem. On the raw edge of the towel and on the raw odge of the piece cut off, make the narrowest possible hems by hand. The coronation crochet to be used is that beautiful lace made by crocheting coronation braid into a design with heavy crochet cotton. It is quite as effective as cluny. Join the two places of the towel, after they are each hemmed, by whipping on to both small hems the strip of insertion. Only one end of tho towel should be ornamented in this fashion, the hemstitching being sufficient for the other end. Cold Boiled Rice as Luncheon Dish. Cold boiled rice can be used in a good luncheon or breakfast dish. Butter a baking dish and put & layer of rice in it, then one of cheese, either grated or cut into little bits. Sprinkle with salt and pepper, put in another layer of rice and cheest and cover the dish with bread crumbs. Pour one-half cupful of rich milk or cream over the rice and bake for thirty minutes in a hot oven or until it is nicely browned. Brownies. Cream one cup of sugar and half a cup of butter. Beat In two eggs. Add two squares of unsweetened chocolate that has been melted over hot water, half a cup of chopped nuta, and half a cup of fiour. Spread over the bottom of a buttered pan and bake. Cut in thin strips when done. Jellied Consomme Paprika. Make a strong consomme, well seasoned, and stir in after clearing It, half box gelatin dissolved in cold water. Pour in a pan to set; when wanted for serving cut in square and pile Into consomme cups and sprinkle ths top of each with paprika. To Prevent Glasses From Cracking. When pouring hot liquid into a glass, always put a spoon or fork into the receptacle first This is very good as it keeps the hot liquid from cracking tho glass. ( To Keep Dinner Hot Cover the food closely with a tin and set it oyer a basin of hot water. This keeps tho food hot and at th suae time prtventi it from drying.