Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 55, Number 46, Jasper, Dubois County, 5 September 1913 — Page 3

PROPER METHOD OF FERTILIZING FOR WHEAT Ky J, 0. BEAVKR8, $olli and Cropi Department, Purdue Experiment ta Hon, Purdue Unlveralty Agricultural Extension.

bbRI bIbbbbbbbbbIbtbbbbIibbH bbH Hf IbjbbbHbBK 'v'.v-"- HLbjH bjH flv vhHbjbbi! '

1. 21 Bushels Pur Aero. 2. 4 Buihcli Per Acre. 3.-28 Buthele Per Acre. Wheat Clay Soli Scott County.

Judging from tho amount of space givan to discussing tho old lion in agricultural and other papers, one would think that sho is holding up tho Htaff of life, but it Htill requires about filx bushels of wheat and only a peck of ftggs to satisfy tho gastronomic! proclivities of the average porson. Wheat is and always will be tho standard br cereal. It requires about n ten months to seed, grow, hi, and thresh a crop of wheat. It .osts the farmer on the average between $12 and $13 an acre to produce and market wheat. From 1900 to 1009 Indiana produced on an average of 14.2 bushels of wheat to the acre, which sold for an average of 84 cents per bushel. In other words the average acre of wheat produced during this ten-year period was worth $11.93 or less than jnough to cover the cost of production. This doesn't look Hko the wheat growers are responsible for much of the present high cost of living. The problem of growing more wheat, like the problems in every line of business, depends upon doing the right things and doing them a littlo better than the average. By ar the laagest part of the wheat acreage of Indiana Is seeded either in standing corn or just after the corn has been cut. Another large portion is seeded on fallowed oats stubble. The wheat seeded under these conditions constitutes about 90 per cent, of the total acreage of the state and are, therefore, the methods of seeding whicn need most attention. When seeding wheat, most farmers have two purposes in view. They want a goyOd wheat crop and at the same time they want to get a good catch of clover in the wheat that will

BBBBBBJBjBJBjBBJBMBflQBJBJBi, .KVp" ???rSPaBBPjmA535 rfrSrteCMPiriBMfrBBfcrtaMBBaX J PK BBBSmJbIbBBBbBbct BE" eBBM bbbVRSSbbbbbbB bwH iT BaBBMBBeBSnpfiflHT BfltflBI9BBBär - -vChsejH W bbbbjbbbhMBbIbba QtKHtBtB&ßVtK&t&&&ltnM

1. 31 Bushels Per Acre. 2. 4 Bushels Per acre. 3. 9 Bushels Per Acre. Wheat Clay Soil Scott County.

nxake a good crop of hay the following year. This is just what should be desired, but a greater effort must be put forth if this desire is to be fully accomplished. This station has repeatedly warned he farmers against practicing systems of farming and adopting rotations which do not maintain the organic matter supply of the soil. One of tho greatest needs of Indiana soils is more decaying vegetable matter. This soil constituent has more 'to do with the yield per acre than any other. The physical, bacterial and moisture conditions are very largely controlled by the supply of organic matter and the aim of every successful farmer should fully be to provide some means of keeping up the supply of this constituent. There is no substitute for it. There is none needed. The supply depends upon the farmer's ability to keep stock and return manure to the soil or his ability to plan a rotation that w. furnish sufficient crop residues to tur,. inder or to grow crops and turn under that will main- . tain the supply. And there ks no wisdom in waiting until the life has been farmed out of the soil before beginning such a practice. No farm should ever be allowed to get badly in need of it. It is needed for every crop, everywhere, at all times. And there are no exceptions to the rule. There is no way of adding a supply now for future generations, so provide a system of manuring or turning under clover that will be permanent fcy keeping everlastingly at it. It will increase the wheat crop, the corn crop, the clover crop and provide more money for the farm family. Wheat after corn and after oats; we must not forget that. That wheat which will be seeded after corn and oats ig likely to need some nourishment, like the man who has worked hard all day. It would be very hard

succession without a meal betweon. That corn crop is going to take nourishment from the soil right up to tho time wheat Is seeded. Shortly after wheat Is seeded the weather will get cool and nitrates will not bo formed, neither will other plant foods bo so readily available, so It would be wise to feed the crop. Tho soils and crops department has been fertilizing wheat for a number of years with good results. When we spend one dollar for the right kind of fertilizer we expect to get that dollar back and two dollars extra. Then It not only helps the wheat but also greatly improves tho yield of clover. Clover needs more phosphorus when grown on the clay and clay loam soils, and when grown on the sandy and sandy loam soils it also needs potash. If the wheat receives a liberal application of fertilizer there will bo some left for clover. Our best results have been obtained by using 300 pounds of fertilizer containing about two per cent, nitrogen, eight to ten per cent, phosphoric acid and from three to five per cent, potash. The higher per cent, of potash is used on the lighter sandy loam soils. Where clover has been turned under or the preceding corn crop has received an application of ten or more tons of manure, the nitrogen may be left out, as it will do little good where there Is a fair supply of organic nitrogen in the soil. In case a farmer wishes, he can usually save several dollars a ton by buying the fertilizing materials and mixing his own fertilizer. A good wheat fertilizer may be made by mixing 900 pounds bone meal, 900 poundsacid phosphate, and 200 pounds of

muriate of potash. This fertilizer should analyze about two per cent, nitrogen, 16 per cent, phosphoric acid and five per cent, potash. This mixture is suitable for clay and clay loam soils. If the soH is much deficient In organic matter and nitrogen it would be well to replace 100 to 150 pounds of bone meal with the same amount of high-grade slaughterhouse tankage. For sandy loam soil more potash should be used in the above mixture about 50 pounds more. Those who have not been getting good crops of wheat imd clover will do well to try fin application of 250 or 300 pounds to the acre of fertilizer, such as given above. On any but the very best soil it will pay welL Pump Engine, When we consider how the pump engine furnishes the stock with wa- , ter, whether the wind ig blowing or ' not, costs less for repairs, never blows down and ruins itself or kills valuable animals, always supplies water at the proper temperature, summer or winter and a dozen other advantages over the windmill we wonder why any intelligent farmer will be without one of those money-making machines. Separate the Cockerels. As soon as the breeding season is over it will be best to separate the male birds from the rest of the flock. The eggs will keep longer if they are not fertilized and in a great many markets they command a much better price. Work for Low Heads. Prune and trim the peach tree for low heads. If possible have .the lower branches not over 15 to 20 inches from the ground. This gives protection to the trunk and makes picking easy.

HABITS OF THE ROBIN

Bird Prefers to Build Its Nest Near the House. Young fiongatere Should Not Bt Handled Until They Ltavt Nest of Their Own Accord Sparrow Rob Them of Worm. (By CRAIG S. THOMAS ) Of nil tho bird that build In troos tho robin brtnga Ita nost nonrost tho houao. It profer to be at tho front door, whoro tho membora of tho family Robin's Nest. afe constantly coming and going, and if it can find a suitable piace it will build directly over the walk. This makes a number of interesting facts easy of observation. Let tho nozzle of the hydrant drip until tho ground below it holds a littlo pool of water, or by some other means provide a pool somewhere in the yard. To this pool the robin will come for mud to build the walls of her nest. Into it she will souse billfulls of dried grass before mixing it with the mud. In it she will wet herself before flying to her nest to mould the mortar wall of mud and grass to fit her body. When the young fill the nest every child in the family will want to climb up to seo them, and the older children will be tempted to lift them out of the nest, hold them in the hand, and possibly take them into the house a moment to show mother what bird babies are like. But to do this is all but sure to result in the death of the young. A young bird once lifted from the nest has "found his legs," and will never be satisfied in the nest again. He will climb upon its edge and go bumping down on the lawn long before he is able to fly, and the neighbor's cat is sure to get him. Young birds should never be handled until they leave the nest of their own accord. As the parent-robins search the lawfn for worms to feed their young, hopping a Utile way and then stopping to look and listen, you will often see an English sparrow following close behind and a little to right or left. He is expecting the robin to pull a worm from the ground, wrhen he will dive boldly for it, snatch it away, and make off with it. In this piratical enterprise the sparrow is not infrequently successful. Note your robins carefully. Discover upon them if possible some distinguishing mark, and see whether they return to you another year. A male writh left wing drooping almost to the ground as it hopped, returned three successive years to the same yard. It has doubtless been injured in a fight, which is not an infrequent occurrence. One may not be certain that plumage markings of exceptional character will recur year after year, as plumage may vary with moultings. But any malformation, resulting usually from injury, renders identification all but certain. ALFALFA AS MILK PRODUCER Hay, With Proper Kind of Grain and Little Succulence, Will Duplicate June Pasture. fBy I R. WADRON Superintendent Dickinson, N. D., Sub-Station.) Alfalfa is of great value as a milk producer, for it is a well known fact that an ample milk flow requires rich feeds. Good June pasture produces an abundance of milk. It has been demonstrated that alfalfa liay, when used with a proper kind of grain, and with a littlo succulence, such as ensilage, will practically duplicate a June pasture. When cows are properly fed, before turning onto pasture, they show no increase of milk flow upon the pasture. If a dairy cow is properly fed, ehe must have a ration that contains a larger percentage of protein than is found in common hays or in most of the grains. Protein is supplied through bran, linseed meal or some other concentrate- To pay high prices for these to increase the milk flow means that the cost of milk production is increased, and in many cases to such an extent that milk is produced at a loss, or at a very nominal margin. Cow and Soil Fertility. The fertility of the soil can best be maintained by the liberal use of barnyard manure, and the dairy herd not only makes this possible, but dairying Is also moro remunerativje than almost any other branch of farming when it properly carried on. Remove Old Canes. Remove and burn the old raspberry canes immediately after fruiting. This is the best means to control anthraciiose, which is the most destructive disease of the raspberry.

M CHEAP HELP ON MANY FARMS Btaldea Adding to Revenue of Farmer by Wool and Mutton, Sheep Devour Many Noxious Plante. (By W. A. LlNICLATttlt. Oklahoma Kxpurlment Station.) It would d(l to tho rovonue of many farmH If a Hook of ahoop woro kopt. DoBldos bolng profltablo thoy uro groat wood oatora. Thoy will oat fivo out of Mix of our known woodrf, whoro a cow or horso will oat only ono out of ovory six. Hango-brod snoop aro tho right kind for tho avorago farmer to buy. Suoh will bo gradod Morlnos and If thoy carry a cross of Shropshire, Lincoln and other mutton blood, so much tho bettor. It would not bo advisable to buy Moxlcan snoop or low grado ahoop of any othor kind, Tho owes purchased for the foundation flock should bo good, largo animals from ono to four years old, and weighing moro than 100 pounds. Whoro possible It would seldom bo practical to start with los than 50 owes, and a larger number would bo hotter still. A flock of a dozen would require almost as much care as 50 or 100. Those range-bred grado Merinos should be bi'ed to a Dorset ram if possible. The reason we recommend buying range-bred grado Merino ewes Is that thousands of these are available, while Dorests are not to be had in large numbers. Those fall or early winter lambs, by good feeding and care can bo mado to weigh 90 to 100 pounds by May 1, when they will find a ready market and will always be In demand. Such lambs should bring from $5 upward.

SELECTING CORN FOR SEED Technical Knowledge on Part of Farmer Not Necessary for Improvement of His Crop. (By J. M. GRAY.) The possibilities of improvement of corn by judicious selection, are very great. Ever since man has been till ing the soil, he has changed the char- ! acter of plants by consciously or unconsciously making selections. The improvement of any plant is considered by most farmers a very difficult operation and one to be undertaken only by those who are qualified by natural ability and special training, to such j V. A North Carolina Boy and His 160 Bushels of Crib Dry Corn Grown on One Acre of Land. work. Yet it does not require any technical knowledge on the part of the farmer to improve corn, for the methods of selection are very simple. Every farmer who is growing corn should plant some standard variety which he knows has been tested and gives the most profitable yields in his locality, and from this he should select, each year, seed that comes nearest to his ideal. It is necessary to make this selection each year because if it is not done the corn will soon revert to the original type and lose those qualities which the farmer has been striving to get. In your selections, instead of looking for an ideal ear only, look for an ideal stalk made up of an ideal stem, of ideal foliage and of an idea root system bearing an ideal ear or ears covered with ideal husks, and supported by an ideal shank. Possibly this will be hard to find; but you can find something which approaches it and from this, with your ideal in view, you can select continuously until you have a plant very nearly approaching that ideal. Inferior Lambs. Lambs of low vitality and ewes deficient in milk flow at lambing time are usually the result of improper management during the pregnant period. DäIDV NOTE'S Not all cow keepers are dairy farmers. Warm and cold cream ought not to be mixed. i Good dairy stock show their possibilities early. Many eastern farmers feed grain to milk cows on pasture. Quiet and comfort are what count in dairying, and more especially in hotweather dairying. Successful dairying depends entirely on right methods in breeding, feeding and management. If there is no silo on your farm, do not let another winter catch you unprepared. Make your plans right now for one. Oftentimes the one who has dairy butter for sale must take his pay in trade, while those who sell cream get nothing but cash. In selecting cows, all signs may fall, but the Babcock test is absolutely reliable. It will- tell you whether the cows are good or not

1

I .m i T. 1 1 CVS 1 m W

FROM THE PINEAPPLE

SUCCULENT FRUIT THE BASIS OF MANY DELICIOUS DISHES. May Qe Utilized In Preparation! for Immediate Uee or for Preserves That Will Welcoma In the Winter. Tho plnoappl should bo Joyfully wol oomu, for it Is ohoap, has good knup lag quulltiou and u cloau, delicious flavor. Koro aro somo good plnoapplo dlahos, as glvon by tho Delineator: Plnoapplo Omolot Ooat throe ogga thoroughly with a tablospoonful of sugar, nddlng at tho last a pinch of salt and a toanpoonful each of lomon and plnoapplo julco. Mavo tho omolot pan hot and woll groaned, sldoa and bottom, with a tonapoonful of moltod butter or oil. Turn in tho boaton ogga, and as thoy cook, break tho omelot once In a while with a silver fork, When still moist, sprinkle on top half of tho oatmeal, xi cupful of chopped or grated plnoapplo, canned or fresh, fold over tho othor naif, sprinkle with sugar and serve immediately. Pineapple Sirup. Slice, peel and dlco onough pineapple to make about threo pounds. Placo In preserving kettle with a pound of sugar ami a quart of water and cook until very soft. Mash and strain. Return to the kettle, and to each pint of juice allow a pound of sugar. Cook to a rich sirup and bottle while hot. Use patent stoppers or sealing wax to make airtight. This will be ready for use at any time for sauces or cooling drinks. Pineapple Sauce for Ice Cream Put a cupful of fresh pineapple juice In a saucepan with a cupful of granulated sugar and cook ten minutes. Add the beaten yolks of two eggs, and whip with an egg-beater over boiling water until foamy. Take from the fire, add the whipped whites of eggs and servo hot with ice cream. If the pineapple sirup is used, omit tho Ugar. Preserved Pineapple Uncooked If one has a good cold cellar or storeroom the fresh pineapple may be grated and preserved uncooked. Allow a pound of sugar to each pound of grated fruit and let stand in the refrigerator for twelve hours. Then pack into sterilized jars, screw tight, and as an additional precaution cover the top with sterilized cotton batting and tie down firmly. Keep in a cold, dark place. Pineapple Jelly Pineapple jelly is worth while preparing for winter use. To make it, pare ripe pines and grate them and to each cupful of grated pulp measure out a cupful of sugar. Add half the sugar to the fruit and let it stand in a covered earthen dish for threo hours. Then boil it, very slowly, in a granite or porcelain saucepan until the pulp is soft. Do not use tin, as the pineapple juice sometimes injures the surface of this metal. Let the pulp drip through a jelly bog over night. The next day heat the rest pf the sugar on shallow platters in the oven, and in the meantime boil for 15 minutes the juice which has dripped through the jelly bag. Then add tho ( hot sugar, let it melt in the liquid, j . i l l l : l i ii T A t DU! ÜO not let il uuii any luagtjr, uuu pour it into glasses. Before Mayonnaise. In the days before the art of mayonnaise dressing was known to every good cook the English had a very fair j substitute for it which they used with their salads. It was called "an artful mixture," and doubtless as much ingenuity was used in its mixing as the modern cook uses in making mayon- j naise. It consisted of mustard, oil and vinegar, "artfully" mixed to a smooth dressing. At her discretion the , cook might add the hard-boiled yolks of new-laid eggs, if before adding them she carefully rubbed them to a pow- j der. The recipe, though somewhat j vasrue. sufrcests a dressing with ' -j ' ' claims of attention to the lover of good 'salads. Hard Sauce. A good hard sauce for any pudding is made with half a cupful of butter, beaten to a cream and thickened with a cupful of powrdered sugar. Whip an egg white, light and stiff, season it with a grain or two of salt, and a good deal of nutmeg and fold it lightly into the butter and sugar. Remedy for Lumpy Salt. There is nothing better than rico for keeping salt from packing in the shakers and refusing to come out. Heat a teaspoonful of the rice and put it into the shaker. It will absorb the moisture, and the salt will come out dry as the sands of the desert, and the rice will keep it moving when shaken. To Whiten Clothes. White clothes that have become yellow may be whitened in the following simple manner: After washing them in the usual way, lay them to soak over night in clear water Into which a teaspoonful of cream of tartar to a quart of water has been put. When ironed they are as white as snow. Potato Soup. Heat one pint or more of milk. Put through vegetable squeezer any potato left from dinner. Stir into milk until of proper thickness. Bring to a boil and season with pepper, salt and onion juice. Nice for supper on a cool evening. Dressing for Cold Slaw. Two tablespoons whipped cream, two tablespoons vinegar and one tablespoon of sugar. Delicious on lettuce as well as cold slaw.

poonDnoDrjqooQP

HAPPENINGS INDIANA Corunna.--Mian Prlncoaa Dllla ha boen uloctod proaldent of tho Dkalh County Woman'H ßuffrago Hocloty. Linton. A Hold day of atato companion, Woodmon of tho World, will bo hcild hero S&ptombor St. Wlnolxuitsr. Tho Moornmn-Way-Dlgga rounion will bo hold at MUl. Lake, noar horo, Sop torn bor 4. Milton. Agriculture,, sowing and domestic sclonco will bo addod to tha courao of tho local achoo) this your. LoganiporL Officials of tho Fort Wayno & Northum will glvo thoir oinployoa a picnic hero Soptombor 5. Grconsburg. Winflold Barney captu rod a half-grown monkoy-faccd owl near his horn In tho Mllford district. Rcanoko. Rov. C. TL Booth has resigned tho paatorato of tho Mothodist church and will attend collage at Kvanston. Sholbyvillo. -Marian Ruth Davis, six years old, daughter of Laruo Davis of this city, is critically ill of Infant! lo paralysis. Evansville. Henry Relnholmer. treasurer of tho Journeymen Barbara' Local union, is under arrest, charged with embezzling $225.50. Evansville. Chief of Police E. Covey has issued orders to proprietors of clubs organized to evade tho Sunday closing law to close immediately. Evansville. Because of lack of water several coal mines between Evansville and Boonville have been forced to suspend or shorten working hours. Farmland. Residents of this placo will probably -file complaint with the state commission about the rato at which trains are run through the town. Brazil. After Christopher Yocum, seventy-five years old, had married Madoline Yocum, a widow, twentyfive years old, they went to a circus for a "honeymoon party." Evansville. James F. Fee Camp, United States-Spanish war veterans of this city, will endeavor to obtain a Maine memorial tablet for this city from the armor of the ship destroyed at Havana in 1S98. Shelbyvllle. Edmund K. Adams, an attorney of this city, has been selected as one of the speakers for the annual reunion of the students of the old Hartsville college, to be held at Hartsville August 20. Hammond. Matthew Franzen. declared legally dead about two years ago, has appeared from -Idaho, where he has been living and has laid claim to a portion of his father's estate. He left home in 186S. V. Princeton. While en route to his former home at Fort Branch, this county, with his wife and children, Clarence Barker was stricken with paralysis at Kansas City, Mo., and he was taken to a hospital there, where he died. The body was brought to Fort Branch. Terre Haute. Flora LIcklite, ago ten, fell from an improvised broom stick trapeze and the end of the stick penetrated her body. It is said at the hospital she may recover. She was playing at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. William Lickliter, in South Eighth street. Jefferson. Edward Morton, an inmate of the state reformatory here, stabbed und killed Charles Bartle .another inmate. Morton said he bore Bartle no ill will and that he stabbed him so that he could be sent to the Indiana state prison at Michigan City, where the prisoners are given tobacco. Lafayette John H. McGrath, ago sixty-one, a veteran employe of the L., E. & W. railroad at St. Elizabeth hospital here, died of injuries suffered when he fell from the pilot of a yard engine and was rolled beneath the locomotive. McGrath had been employed as yardmaster for thirty-three years. Evansville. Four hundred farmers in Vanderburg, Warrick and Gibson counties will organize the Game Protective Association of Southern Indiana, the purpose of which will be to protect birds, which the farmers find of Inestimable value to. them through destroying of worms and bugs, by stopping hunting on their lands. Linton. Joseph Fisher, said to be one hundred and seven years old and claiming to have cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson for president, passed through here in a one-horse wagon on his way to Bedford, Ind., to make his future home. He was accompanied by his daughter, seventy-nine years old, and his son, sixty-four South Bend. Two members of a carnival troupe appearing here are believed to be In serious danger of death in a local hospital, as a result of injuries received from animal bites. Fred Smith, age nineteen, was bitten on the arm by a rattlesnake while feeding them. Frank Cardona. an animal trainer, was attacked by a leopard. Danville. Work on Hendricka county's $250,000 court house has reached the third story and the contractors, P. H. McCormack & Co. of Columbus, are rushing everything In an effort to have the building inclosed before bad weather sets in so as to work on the Interior the coming winter. Columbus. After causing the arrest of Homer Sullivan and Clinton Bowers for stealing a gooae from hla farm and cooking It, Thomas Nolan relented and asked the judge to b lenient, laying that when young h Ad tolen manj a gooee hlmaolt.