Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 44, Number 17, Jasper, Dubois County, 27 December 1901 — Page 7
iME BEET-SUGAR MDUfclRY. Bteaara. O a ward a an t tittlaa's Iswe
II HUM DAY
Official Ground Breaking For the St. Louis World's Fair a Cool Proceeding. EXERCISES AT THE SITE WERE BRIEF.
Ilia- OIII inl. icuL.-ra ami l.ucata I hru l intr-U lu (tie ( oll-uui, hrrr the I'rituruiumt of si Im-b, Muklc i:u-., t arrird Oul-ulute by UaUIrr A.
m. Louis, Dee. 20, TIm Iwnikiif an ground a! the Louisiana Purchase txposltion site w :i celebrated bjf tiM board of director, Who assembled at Iii St. Louis dab at 18; 30, end took ratrlages for tke -i t . After tin-ground-breaking 1 1 1 party started for the coliseum. Upon reaching Um armory the Pint reftineni Joined them, acting us un aseort the rest of ihe wnjr. At the ooUseuai the pro gramme prepared for tin- grand Mund üt the kite mi carried out without change. The decision not t carry out the programme originally drafted, providing for a procession, in rhich the leading organisation! of the city were to have participated, was reached Thursday, when those who dud many features of the day's work hi band made a trip t the aita to be Mire that everything waa in readiness. At that time tin thermometer registered three degieea below zero, 'i he impracticability -f holding an opt I air ceremony ns instantly per reived. A report el this fact wus made to i ceremonies committee, resulting in meeting of that body, ut which the changes were deekfed upon. Battery A. however, tired the salute ( as originally arranged. in addition to the board of directors who met at t lie St. Louis club, Gen. John C, Raten ud Iiis aid(le e imp. Lieut. John UcCUntock.wTlfa other members of his staff, joined tlictu tUld made the trip to the site. Dr. S. .1. Nidiolls was also of the party. Dr. Niccolls said that, warm nr cold, an invocation should be pronounced u 1 1. ii the iM'inning of the big enterpi Ise, and that he would jmtorm that duty, according to the rej lest made of him. Director of Works Isaac S. Taylor l.ii.l bifr tires hiiilt over the earth win n the ground-breaking was to oe cur, s that the frost was removed before the party amreS, The vehicle with its four white horses to haul awaj the eartli played its designated part. At the coliseum President I. K. Francis made ihc opening speech. In traducing the orator of the occasion, ('otifrrcssiiiun James A. Tawjiey, of Minnesota, who spoke, in part as follow.-: "A more propitious time for profoundly impressing upon the world the importance nud glory of our achievements, a more favorably opportunlty for displaying the splendor f our inatltntlona, exhibiting the
The following editorial ppeared a the Nee York Kv atag Posi .f Decent bt r II last, unii as ever j household, ia fuet. i n rj MB, woman und child is Interested in iogar.il i in one ef the ist Imp -i-tsui articles of daily food, our readers will thank es for reprodaa ing thi klgklydatgreetlag edltarhili The Evening Post bkfa the heartleal weieome to cverj American industry that ei.ii stand on ils oi, bottom and make it- waj without leaning on the poor ratet Among these self-supports ing Industries, we ire glad to know, is the production of beet SUgar, At all events, it vwis such two year auo. We puhlish elsiwh-re a letter written in jsfi'j, and ilgned bj Mr. Oxnard and Mr. Catting, the chiefs of this industry on the eastern side of the Rooky mountains, showing that this was the happy condition of the trade at lhat time. If parties masquersdinjf ss beet tugaf producers ure bosieglng the president and Congress at this moment, and pretending that they will he ruined if Cuban sugar is admitted for Nix months at half the present rates of duty, their false pretenses ought to be exposed. The letter of Messr. Oxnard and Cutting was probably written for the purpose of inducingtBC fanners of the Mississippi wtlley to go more largely into the cultivation of beCtl for the ii!nr facto, ir. 'Ihis was a laudable motive for telling the truth and showing i ti large profits which awaited both the beet-grower and the mann f SCt ure r if the industry were perseveringly and intelligently prosecuted. To this end it was pointed out that farmercould clear fas per acre bj cultivating lieets, and might even make $100. But in order to nature the cultivator that he would not he exposed to reverses by possible changes in the tariff, thej. proceed) i te thou that the injntry stood in no need of protection. The beet -sugar industry, these gentlemen say. "stand on as firm a basis ss an business in t he country." They point out tin- fact a er important one that their product comes out us a dnisbed article, refund and granulated It is not. like cam -sugar grow n in the West India islands, a black and offensive paste, which must be carried in wagona to Ihr aeaboard and thence by ships to the l'nitid Statt, where, lifter another handling, it is put through a cost I j refinery, and then shipped by rail to the connmer, who j may possibly be in Nebraska, alongside a beet-sujrsr factory which turns out the refined ami granulsted article at one fell swoop Indeed, the advan taire- of the producer of beet -sugar for Supplying the domestic consumption are very great We have no doubt that Mi-sr- Oxnard and Cutting are within boundl When thet say that "sugar can he produced here cheaper than it can be in Kiirope.' The reasons for thil are ihat--
NEW POULTRY BREED. II Is ( ailed Ihr lassen ! llaa Mud Pavawaaie Insnssestss un Slau l-'niielera.
While the Aaeoaa, or s fowl of that name, has beta known and brtd iu England since 1MJ4, the A BOOBS as we now hate it is so different from what it was ten years ni as to warrant its being called at present a new breed. The early day AOOOBM wer. mui h like our Dominikus Leghorns, They were also bred in broken OOion like the 11 one an. No absolute rule as to color governed them as bred yearsago.but now they have gaiim! posit tea and prominence in England and are writtu about as the "new rtyls of Ancuna." The Anoona is rceogniatd by our standard as a Leghari that is broken black and white in color, evenly mottled. The rule of color for the new
ENOl.i.-li PRIZE AM'ONA PULLET. Anoona is now bred in EngUind calls for black with uniform tipping of white on each feather; shank- yellow spotted with black. This manner of marking is dUHcult to obtain, and the great difficulty of gaining this color and manner of marking has made them an extremely fancy fowl. It is claimed that the breed catm from Ancona in Italy. They lirst eamt into notice as wonderful layers of beautiful w bltt CggS. Tin y are on the average rather smaller than our Leghorns. The proper style of marking is to have a V-sbapsd white ending to each feather; the white to be ratlur small or narrow so as to give the fowl the appearance of being mottled black am! white, for the plumage must be black, each feather uniformly tipped arltb white. The tat) leathers, ef these fowls hould he blaeh front the skin OUt,
tangible evidences of the prosperity then naturally we ean produce flour
! our copie. ot our supremacy as a nation, and the Mist extent of our oratnerclal and territorial expansion, has never before been presented to the American people. Here the na-
snd tipped on the end with white.
The tUKur Industry Is. aft. rail. merely This i- as it is demanded hv the Eng
lish standard; but it is noted that s color plate by Ludlow has the main tail feather- of the male white with black suds, while the tail ftathers of the f male are as described in their standard. As we have bred them in this country, they are broken black
11 narli ult ural ore We can in ilersetl Ku
r pe In ail other cro'. "Ml si.ki.n i I.o rSrct Ion." hi follows as naturally as the maleIng of flour from wheat if we can
produce wheat cheaper than Europe,
cheaper, a- w,- ,i,,.
Hut the writers of the letter do not d pend upon .rvri Reasoning to prove that the can make lUg&f at a
profit without tariff protection. They
lions of the world will exhibit, for mu point to t he fact that under the MrK n
tual pleasure and profit, some of the thing! they prod tire, there which will oral typify and illustrate the results if their civilization, their progress and material development in everything thru ean contribute or is essenlial to the betterment of mankind Then win the world profit linen as arabty by this commemoration of one of the greatest historical events in the life of one of its youngest republics. "The importance of this exposition ns n means of educating ourselves and other nations in the knowledge of these things that make us the foCeBtOBi nation of the globe, can not be pvcrestiniated. it win be important iind beneficial, tot,, la that it will give te our o-inl ami industrial fabric a oral and an Intellectual tigniflcanee that i the pride of America and the envy if the world, One of its chief aroes, however, will be (a the op port unity for strcnirlhening and eulHvatfng more intimate aoelul and industrial rclalions between the states and between ihn United States ami foreign countries. "Another great object to be noeompllahesL. one that traaseeendi all nth era, f la the fact that this expos! HOU is intended and will conmiem..rate the first centennial of the great et Internat I aal event in our history The one that msrhs the beginning of that nations! policy that hns mads us i world powerj without which our present Industrial and political tunremaey could never hare been achieved. National Commiiwloner John If. Alien made ttie elm Ing speech, followed pyan Invoeatton i rehblshon Kain Tl . ti in 1
re .Meridian (MISS.) military hand rendered musical twist tluaa for th" oecasion. a a . t
At t Me banquet given nt
em not, i ;.( i-ht ISO down.
ley tariff f l'io. w hen nuear w as free of duty, the price (,f the article was 4 cents per pound V t a net profit of .! per ton erst wade in the h -i v ir factories under those Conti it ions, not counting any bounty on the home production of sugar. The) boast that they made thin profit while workiag under absolute free trade, and thej have s Hght to l proud of thii result of their skill and Industry, Ifsnv b. et sugar faetoi - had been started in I v gone yea rt. hack in the sutie ami . u iiiu , t th ni , iteenth cent ur . a ad had failed, because the projector did not uiid rsland ihe business, since tin-n great progress has been made, both hern and abroad, in the cultivation and manipulation of the beet, What was impossible thirty nrs ngo in now entirely feasible. The industry ia already on a solid and enduring basis. There arc factories in the Halted states, these gentlemen ti II us in t heir let t er. ea pa hie of using 180,000 tons of beel n-v annum at a profit of $: per ton. anil this Would make s pri lit of $l.(n (Uin a(1 a. com? to Imp arnrd under a bau ute ft ce trade. It miiRt bt plain to renders of this letter, signed by the captain- of the beet -ugar Industry, thai the people in Washington who are deehshuhng
gainst the temporary measure which the president of the t inted Slates iif(." for the telief of flic Cuban people are either groaisly ignorant of the I tubject, or are practising groat deeep ! tlon. The tenable ground for them is to say: "Otbei people are hating pre ! lection thai they do not need, and 1 here fore We OUghl lo hav e more t han we aeed." This would be consistent With the let ters of Me - is. t xnai I and Cutting hut nothing ehe is m,
aad white, rather more white than i seen on the Houdan; slianks ycliow sjiotttd with hlack; shape of comb and carriage like those of th Leghorn. Thej are rather handsome whn of goo,! -hape and odor, and are somewhat smaller than the Leghorn should be. They lay a good numlur of efrirs per year, which are about the same sie as the pggs of our w hite Leghorns, l in y gran quickly, and make nice little broilers nol plump or fat-looking, but tender and sweet. Quite a number of these fowls have been shown the past few months at our fall fairs. It i said that they have them in Italy lo several colors, suet as white. yellow and red. Country (iintlrman. VALUE OF CORN COBS. When .round l ine They Are of IneettaM'Me nine Bt an lal to Ihe II i;e m l Ion and Krcd.
The value realty under le-s waste corn fields.
of com eobs is not genstood or there would be of this product of our Kvperimcnts and ihe
the Sout h-
guesta sat
K. i g 'ves will t o' noM If packed SWuy tan fullj ir. a dry p ace.
eeeotnef i.ii.- t n.-tir.-. Washington. Dec. :.M. It is Sccrelary Gage's intention to relinquish 1lie treu- ury portfolio as loon ai I'rcMd.-ni Roosevelt can lad i .suit.-,, bit suceesaor, and he has so informed
me president. Mr. Qnm
to be relieved lie fort
in ni i nmasetea, If Sud -When are ilov to be
mar-
ric
Ttl' Mull i, New i oil . Dec, :'l
w, ii b t,. Irish kiiurs w
would I,
ipring. net ion. The nlnce
crow n,
i" ni tor... fail ,.f IVrn. at Nnv.in. eottnty Menth, hat been offered at auction, arj t the Dubfla porranpond mt of the Journal ami American.
Kl hel Never. "Never? Aal why not ?" ' She will nut mar-y hint Until he I ns pni l hit debts, and be cannot pay his ius until he asarrlea him."-- lit. bits. A mi flier I'yiile. "Solomon ayi: "In all Jaiior there Is profit.' " "i wonder if Solomon ever tore up the ikfewnlh io ct t nickel ha had dropped through a etaehy Chleagn User i Hers Id.
tXperienCC Of practical feeders have proven that aat naeel it posaeaees as g'-at a value pound tor pound in the feed lot as eorimii al, a pound of corn and cid meal going as far as a pound of the cornmeal alone. Chem i-al analysis doe- not show any valuable feed content, its value being as an aid in the digestion Of the meal. To be of great benefit in this way, however, it mast he ground very tine. Aside from their value as a feed there i- another use they are put to that is understood and appreciated by some swine raisers that of converting them into charcoal for the animals to pick at. thus keeping the digestive organs in a healthy condition and killing the worms that infect corn-fed swine. Fed in this way it is the best of tonics and appetisers, superior to any patent medicines or "foods." As a feed and medicine fur stock cobs possess their greatest value. As a fuel they are usually hard on st,,.v iih they heat and cool so rapidly; yet they are used in this way and give general sa' isfaetion. However, if there is a machine available that will reduce the coba to a proper fine , nc--. cob are far too valuable en i
art Icle for feed to be used tors wood, t, I.. Irwin, and Fireside.
in in
Parn
Cows should always bs handled iu drives deliberately, and so none bni taperienced peupii who on aiw&y St 't icl Iheir Inapt r -Uojjd be abou i Lvui
iiv ' '31aA.j5 '
Vots Jertl. cts pieavsarxtlyi cts Berxef icilJIyi cts trvily as a Laxative.
Syrup of Figa appeals to the cultured and the weli-lniortned and to the healthy, bt cause itscomponent parts are simple and wholesome and becaus it acts without disturbing the natural functions, as it is wholly free from every objectionable quality or substance. In the process of
manufacturing fis are used, as they are pleasant to the taste, but the medicinal virtues of Syrup of Fis are obtained from an excellent combination of plants known to be medicinally laxative and to act most beneficially. To get its beneficial effects buy the genuine manufactured by the
isco, Ce.1. Aiew York. ft. Y.
, ... M 5a.r FrCkrc Louisville. Ky. Tor sale by all druiaLs.
Price- fifty ccnta per bottle.
IHE MARKETS.
Ni 1ST York, DtC CATTLE.- Native temrs i M I CO'J"l' X - .Miil.lliiiK ii FLOUR Winter Uheal ... Si: it WHEAT No. I Ued viv-r CORN Xu. 'i , i OATS -No. a I'uiiK-Mi'M New 't; ii y ST. LOUIS.
eiiTTo.N MM. Hing H K V KB atssrs !on I Snd Helfer. I'A I.VKK i i l') His. i Hi h ;s Pair to Chotc BHUKP Pair to Cbotc.... Kl.nl it-Patents other 3rs i s ... ' WIIKAT- No. i' Red CORN- Xu. 2 i ATS Xu '1 RVK No. : Tora i o i.ukh I .i .if Bui ! y . HAV Clear Timothy Ul'TTKK holee Dairy ..
lt.l I ar Kltj i:;;. Fresh l'"ltK St.uulanlMeMHinevv i .... Lard cbokM su-.im .... CHICAGO.
V .V i I I . r. .sullVe Mte.rs .. Slid
Pair t ehiitee 57;,
I-air tu Choice. . 1 ;,
11. j .i Ii .i
.1 I 'I -I I ' : I
4 7:. 1 ' 4 .1 j i ; at 4 7 ". I is
.... 1
tt t 1 ; I ' it 1 j
'. I! 1 it C 3m
Cl iRN 1 1 A TS i' iUK
II 'i ;s
BHKKP
HOI K Winter r.it. i
Sirliikr I'atentx WIIKAT No 1 Bprtna N. 2 Rel
No. -z rstlonr .... NC White M
KANSAS ' ' ' CATTLE Native Btecrs HOOS fair to Choice... WIIKAT N.. 2 Re. I O IRN No. 2 OA'i'ts NO : White
NEW ki PLOL'R 1 1 ich UraUea
C'oKN Nu. J OA I S Nu. 1 hav Choice I'OIIK- Stancliir.l Mm BAt X Rhoi 1 Kit. Sides COTTON Middling LOlflSVILLK WHEAT- No 2 Red C'oKN No 2 OATS No. 2 KAO X Short Klbs sOTTON Mlddlins
M u
7i
4S' BAN i at
1 i.'- ; Cl il r I ! :'t
i . IS' aj 10 Pi s ;.i 12 ... t . Ml
let B
1 . C 4 ZV : M J su im ' I
0 :v 1 4;. tv
1
19 1 '( it; aj s
WW ... nf 'Wi a) ' I VI. mo .... i
I I.".
19 M 17 1
u .iU H
TOLD IN VERY FEW WORDS.
London lms :t.."i00 tires a year. Dundee exports seer l8M ti.ns of niarmalnde year. Londoners consume, on sn average. ISi pounds of meat a head srearly. !nlia liil!v the svorld'i record ns s rnttle owner itli 4 V-n.OOO beasts. Rufflsnd slons comprises 42 p rennt tif tin- total area of the Itritish isles. K fi'.ooo.ooti silk eargo has just leeeaed Ban ifranelaee from the orient, rhetrc ure in the !'nitet Kingdom only S83 farms uf over I.Oimi acres anli ee. There are four classes of roads in Fram e. .',(1 feet. 40 feet. .'t3 feet am! 25 fret wide. Of J. 11,500.000 Worth of ribbon mannfnctured sanuatly, aninnd makes oniv -L 800,000 north.
Her Kelson.- The teacher of t he kinderf:arten ha I great deal of trouble it a .Malel. who is four yean old. The other day she had occasion to ask: "Mabel, Why did Vim strike Freddy V " 'lause he's littler dan nie." replied M.iSel Pittsburg Chronicle Telegraph.
Look 11I Hi.- I.alieui
Every package of cocoa or chocolate pot out by Walter Raker & Co. bears the wellaeons trade mark of t.-ie 6SOCOlst gnl, and the nlace of manufacture, "Donliester, II ist. Housekeepers are advised t. examine their purchases, and make sure that other goods have not been substituted They recehrod three geld isdali flrani the Pan-American exposition. Illacurrred There Were others. He (sadly -I can remember whrn you jsed to fav I wa all the world to you.
She Perhans; but I've studied astronomy since! - Puck. nest fur Ihe llunrli No matter what ails you, headache to s esncer, you will never get well until your Kiwels are put right. CasesretS help nut nie, iure you without a gripe or pain, produce easy, natural movements, east you just 10 rents to start getting your health back. CaMSret (andy Cat name, the genuine, put up in metal boxes, rvery tablet na C C. C .tamped on it. Beware of imitations. it aSMttlNBi Tourist-- Are the Indians around hers miking any prugMtt? Westerner Bnre! Their Biedicisi man is a patent -medicine man P.i. s The llnndaumeal Citlenrtar of the season (in ten colors) mi beautiful heads (on six sheets. 10x12 inches), reproductions of paintings by Moian, i.u.ed by t:neial Pas-engrr I)cj artmi nt. Chicago. Milwaukee ft St. Paul Railway, will be sent on receipt of twenty-five cents. Address K. A. Millar, General JPsssSBgei Agent, Chicago. "Wh did yen leave your Issi plncev" asked the lady of the hired k rl eae as seeking a location. "Why, mum." replied the applicant, "th" hired curl who wurr-k'd ther' before me br. ke all th' rhiaf wurth bpsshin', mum! Ohio State Journal.
11 ra or ni
msm
Fverr farmer his
lunfllaril, no fnruml.ranee hl hsnksi"UBt. lui ressiix year bj year, land taiue lnireaina, stocS Increaslnii. splaadid rllmate, eicolleBS' tehnnlt ainl enure be. lo taxaiion ii sn prices fur cattle ami icraln low railw.tv rates, and eerr
jm.iI,',c i-'unfnrt TM i Ihr .- u.lltli.n of ths 1 ik r Tin r iii Wf.iern 'anmla - I'mv mil Manitoba and dltiricta of Aaalalbolai sikau bsn aaS Alliens 1'lK'iisanils of Anerlcsim are now seVUaS tberi- nsdaead rates on all ra iTays for matseeker an.l sell Je ra . New district are be In a opens tin tin year The new fort? pane ATLAS war vVKTf.KS CA SUA and s i other ihlormation rnt free t. all ci-l icsnl K I'KI'I.ST, siiieriiiien.U'iit of ImniiiiniM'.ii 'itawa, ( nnada. ortol.J mini 1,11 'i -T M ii.n.liKick Hiiilrtlnc, Cblcag... II1..J S CltAVVr') Ulli. 1U W. Ninth 8W, Kam,n ij. M : K T IKil.MKH. Boom ft. Rig Kour 11, .ik.. ladtuapo'ls, Ind.; Canadian Uovm neat Ageuts.
HEW PARTY CAME For Home and Friends. 1 saw rjtiwt H 1. - f (JoclcSasj. 1 &3 1 terds, esvcS with tmtuof ons tnr of I !' .- -slon.s. IM.i MiverSS
yT-t 1: rorul I. line. i.,irui t, SDs-
MTl . MIHI (llllll-W. Vy. 'IU ,lW MMVW of ail I S. IVssosloiis extrs whs esefa k-nn.o. HoM by IVassssv oe , on rr-eeiit of lrt.-e, 25S
H-Hs.-t. Write tu.. 1'nti l.y ;ax:.j u. ktu:, Rtvj, m ('. ;is 1 .-lit 1U.
PILES
ANAKESIS s'.o.t rallef und IM'SITIVnI. V I I KIH riLKaV ("or fres hihIi address AVS-KSCSJlS,-' TrlhBSM mi .i n. New Task.
DROPSY
WUVT D1SCOVTOT; ijnlck rilirf and rurw
It -s t t.- o monlal and Or. II. M. UKklVS MOkB.
IO iliv' tmats
si , srusTa. sa.
I.l.n': s WMIHt All IlSt IAI1S.
1 .Tnin. I antes liood. Ui
n. Knlil br drucfiata.
kaj : -rat i Rrl In I
A. N. K.
4
1807
win ma-it t s tnvrnTI
pli-iiM- alstlr Hint ow aaw Ihe AdTcrtlasweat 1st this patster.
For Manti and Children
-nw7t
Raa re assass i
aa
Over Thirty Years
The Kind You Have Always Bought
Vmb cirus cowmmy, tt SSMsSS si as st. MSJ owa cm.
A BLACKSMITH'S STORY.
OoCajlaas, Kan . Deo. 23. . E. '
Albert soB) a local blaeksmlth, bed alrni -t decided i. prlvc ap Ins ihorj alto-
fr'iln'r on account of Klieimiat ism which had erlnnled him so that st times he sottM no! um his hattaBaer Iii: hoalden and Arms were so sore tliat he OOUldn't sleep nt nipht.
He had saffercil for years, lnit was etttCMJ1 pratinally worsp till at last ! he had about Ina.!" up his mind to
give tip. Itut jo : t lien he Ii .1 rtl of 01110 srondeefnl eareaaf Rhen mst lam liy Dodd's Kldnev Pills and thonaht
lie would try for a t-ure once more. Thej cared hina oosspletcl aad ho ins not a trace of RKenmatisaa left. Tai sliop will not be fjiven up and Mr. k rtaon nay m aaea there any daj hara' at work as if aataiof crer ailed him. i
Rn?pax eTf
H I "Tin; . 1 1- . . i1: v nl Cl
BJ .1 1 1 I s n 01 m Iii V W IDOINll I,! IIIMI Q T , i ' II1 I I K lli.r.lf.l Eti Smnkrlru ritKN ON I I M H Ti N ; . 'S III -. 2 I y. n 1 f VK M r 1 e te 1 ikh 1 1 ' N ncrani'1 I. DS
HAZARD GUN POWDER
BOTH
BLACK AND SMOKELESS
Whrn rftetius n!.( K rr SMOKHU' loose or in
lidc-s, (rum your local or tlistnnt inenhmit, or r-'l,'r
tnllic stv t or rilli" ciri-i '.gv from any o( the l imi ng companies, anerUy and insist OS navitin llnr.n I powtitfi rfccltnins tu nice tl any oilier brand nn a SsbatitsSCi Ihcn i' thertiiTO SMS in BWel liiev wllfubtaln It. ami with It vim I .! . better siio-! iu than ererbefci.
cartr tiir.
- m rn cit wnv i! mI 1 . ho) k so 1.1 1 rial
01 IS l .M sk -un VI
' im Ii ril'KIl KOHI
v ! : rn . Ilnm .1 IM. M K II X A III!
a - iiu 1 1. i'ss, ei; i s
I ' .I'll' Ml Vl'l 1VII.I.I
: Miinirrnu
I IT
Ii l-oltfe'-