Jasper Weekly Courier, Volume 19, Number 40, Jasper, Dubois County, 12 October 1877 — Page 1

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Jasper

Weekly Courier, vol. ia. JASPBIl, INDIANA, FRIDAY, OCT. 1877. NO. 40.

rBHLtUIKD EVKKV riUDAV, AT JAtil'KK VCHUI COUNTY, INDIANA, MY CLEMENT DO AN 13. OPFICK. Ix Courier IIuimmno o.v VTkt Sixth Stiii-it.

SUKSOItlt'TION. riluirle Subscription, for fifty Not., $1 fu Pnr ix months. : : : : : 1 IX1 KATK Ol' AOVI'.UT'SHIXO. For souare. 10 lines or Ices, 1 week. $1 CH . i . i .1 ..... tRCll suuscqueiii nisei nun, - Longer advertiscmcutsat the same rate, a fraction over even Miuareor t-quaiw counted as a square. These arc tlc term for tt'HttsttMit advertisements; a reasonnb!' deduction will be made to rcgtiltt ml 'ftrtlsof. Notice of Appointment of admhus-trmtorsandlejcalnott-iot like character to be pafd In advance. i AXKOtNCl.Na rANlll HATES. For Towiidbip Ollicwri', eacli For Couutv " " For Di-Hrict, Circuit, or State, SLOO W. R. OSBORN, fr,S if.i'ti i .'"tir. ant oiTit h1 prootii i rr? -.t' lb , ui.t(t, u4 wilt tid. jvur t malt Jgjj o? Kichth ti.Tr"., Im theuiuiiilnr Wlf ncZiXplri 1, lr. WrluiH, .1Ipbi . the rirf r Til, and Xi'Wton tr t. Jicl. I I. 'M!f, Phvicln & Surgeon orriCK sm run i'wic iuirc OiTe.-. t(. nrofwfiusl ..rrm, W nUl. Physician Surgeon O. rt. IAR9M. KlHacrjIiT. W. C. HUNTER JAMT.R. ziii ormvs at Law. ?j-n.i.ututwr n t)t..i mi .yu'nitu; xowh j.S::,V.rC,t" .ui H-MitH. ; oK"icx:-Sttth me r pnwir kkhhm', j.r, Ih.i. i..,t. nu.,n.;s.-i. MtK. JotlK ...VX.'.K, Viturui. Jjk.rcc. BAREB .... , . T -. . . . ., .. .. . . . 1 1. . ... . .. .. . . ,.t, ..,,. ! f.nhr..',. ,., ku.ih... rntru.lMt InlhrM Otfli lo ih "Onrirr "" italldmR. TV't U.in filtfft. WSLL . TR4YMK ztUomey at Law, dASrCK, Ixni.WA, , TITtU.Tirttilrt ht hf Vnortr t,t tuM mJ .! TV Ins cm it. l'iri!clr tttctittce f;tu iu colo rtrora. t . d'-or ntt f th n C1(,rl!' Hti. BRUNO BUETTKB R, WTOHSBT AT UW, And Notary Public, jArr.n, Irdiaka, WJI.t. pwikr 1b ll the CosrU nt IIhW" anrt frrry coitif. ltUin. Jh 8, l.H7, J. 1J1LI.ON. C. ll.UILLON. Xillon fc Oillon, ATT0HXBY8 it LAW. OITICK i,Vf,r Jtt. Troxlcr HaittUrr Hl JASPKK, INDIANA. ILT. practice la Ike Conrt of Oiibflln nd Jola. iK C(.uutlc. Sicpt, -.fib, ih.S y JI2W HI.A0KSMITI1 suor WM. GASSER, rtli Mtta Street, eppMltu ibe FtwV OMefi JASt'KK, l.VtttA.VA, HAS t.ollt itu.l nprridl tw rliop fur nit ktn.U n iu.'l( wtU. t ijtniK-r with ihfclt 'Hem of UtilHiiK Hin-v. ni lh- well kmm ti eooJ rtitt. enr ,.f littKudt.beiratiuillRlvvblMrtlUierflliliarr pttrr.HKj, III j.r.cM iMll b aa4l KUltt)taM WjuT" Iforw Iknrti'u rnl iroaJse ef wagn er liarSte prewtitly fttc4td to.

(JONTKACTION OP THE CU-

KI.M'l . ExtentamlKfToetsof Iton Values, Iiiisiucss ami Prospcritv. irroM vt iHrir .vcent.' .i wnUt" M.EiiEc it anki,j sham, this nn'URUC rr BAVKD or a monaroit i:miiUFHKD? t.l..h,.l.li.IVl,.V..l.1 V.lna. Ha.l It I fiw if ali I ee ot all extepllons ami utliei u Ifli I I! I I .....! I , !.. .1... ,.,.,., vvi(h ol,j the rover. mn1 4 . ! U- 2 .0 iotoO) curin ip i .""" 'V -w.-a w tin lenev uiilUMit uneni, nan uerit run. 1 1 ... .. I...... ilfWl l J .1.. ii . ... " I.. V ..i .1,17 T.;.h.V;l ; . k 1- h to thai 111,' Ilea I V IWO ihoilVIIK twohmulred ,.,ilUo o' tools of im.k 1 .UtiM. ir.ho, ,.,. " - ' , hu. idled and. flltv million", lo the en. ioree'1 Idlene of the people and ruiitalion of the nation. Whv wa hi. done? il mav be Mbked. To '.mhlWi ndifil. l i'iiil. l'oIi. ami moi' eiian-rer rinjr-. "Wh-u Ii... ii eft Ihe people? In

TIip ncotde ii I lyn 305 A"7 United' .. i . 7 . ,u ,;,,,,h,u,cr niuxsurcx m vuitie money . i.et it lu or the dtv a mure than usual i uemg in" 18(55 and ofeou -M! wcre all emnlov- ,',u',", " nml m polilieal ailvn. jolutely "mourn ." with the ui.liuiltcl -he grain drill uoni ng more m use in J C i i indorsement of the nail,,.,, wi.h.nit !:.,. r rurnerr' wo no.iced it on many ten led Tli 11 rr. . . v ll o iirh tV-irllntlv ' ?n ,,nt V"?1 r,sf,,,cd M,l,j"c' u ,HX!,,i,)1' ' i 'eeu a .iranr ta us here ... i i .. it... I ..n.. "Uii touuii mr tne iat luMve ear-, si, ratiinlv a uum Ii h et rid nf nil mit t n lHlll.M.l.-.l.', iii'i-nnsai-p dm -

;.u ...... .ii ...i.f.i. 1 1 I. "

5.00.. 1 ...i,i t.,i., '""'" iiv.,n,: iiini.Ti.ii. noor Mini 01 1 lie popic ami ol Hie ual on. Th s

. I IIIIHP. I III" 1I 111IILII h9 IIII'll iii 1111: ......... t ..

E i. V r t e a Zhcm i nn . "T I' ""'J T,,Vy ''' '). Willi Hm-wine (Kiwcr li. ir.lv ,11, ' In 1 , m . "Ul ,",U.""y U'.icH-V t,,,H,u,,, Hmof ,,M- w" l-e.il ihesniM. value the uo.1,1 eidi .. ' 1 tlii eo u. v k. v "K 1w.,,rk,,,lf iUI "f J P'in- popHiaiion. ovvr or at n ,,.,!..,,, over sold. F.-ane, a m i S 5ot ; ",,Ml " WHI g!,i'1' ,iU,ul-V' b' "(! 'I'fodM.u.c.ondop. ihUtyatom

di pici'm-d value alone ov,r $16.1)..," ,f ' , "i't'V"""". i.c

(XiO. I Una policy to continue." leg, Hilled llie peoph ri'inovo those who. by vin in 'ot trie, lieti-ny their interest. Of coiiinc ! hanks. t, whom wa loaned lite of rlnirirc and of taxe. the ue of a'Miit $3."UAKX).iX):). can afford to I remain I'll'. tOI'llte re.lOII UlCV draw n-truiar inn-re-it aU free of taxe on the amoi.nl ot hoinU nepoiited a M'riirity tor the return of thi so called uatioiiHl hank uioney, Xot only thai tlicv ran huv bonds wU ihU borrowed ,uiom on which they draw interest. to :

Illliilitiflinilliii i i,v i in . w in.vi'ii.ri' . , , . .... . ihMtti p.NPiheu. better than to invert,1. u,orki,lf Pcol',e; Our Hnatol and in o.im.U. for the reason it i. n-wlv on I ?!f.f f10. ",!ti' f'0,nc lo Jf ,ro,u ..,,0U

demand and free frnm taxes or risk. Thifc given Ihein nearly double interest. The balance of the capital the hiuks have is the depoiisol the people rein ituiiig idle. This the Imik also loan ntt call at 2 per, -cot. If the people, wore not , ., ruiml but pio-peroii-. tw national jlwiiUainl M i.diel.iea and .lock, bond land uold rings would have a tat thing 'ol it. Hut wl. hereis no demand for labor lr Ihe reason that no tool ,r jtrNilc orcurrciicv isemploved of course e..n;nmpif....or ale. In'i '" 1 " ........ that capital -i--. aiMi lose aa much in tb? cud hi ibis indirect way hy the conItiactioii of Value, of COIis.i.np.ioU. all . ...-.i c ..... sii ....Jlllllll'lll.lllil.'l ill"- ritv . . . - ..i,

; U , "liXytt" ,iS!SJ2H 1" v!,- ..I wlm lit. Iotii .Ion. .iiir-c1'.1'1,1? ft.'"" I" "."'r "'" i rtl.l.i..-

,1 ,..ti.. 1 ll.u l,,,ifi,t.ftf Im.iCHHV 111 illUIHUHIHMIS I IHCl IO WIIUM1 1

I )W llltlHll I Wl llll ti'""'!"! 1 '"V I i.............i..ir iii" 1. "..1. .11 inn fit.i.1 a. in ....it iiv ,..i,t..i, ,h Mi'tn .I M,n.L. ,., I. ...... I C,i nearlv$2.'200O.O.O0Uto $l5n.iMiO.(iX), it ' : . . . . . is st wonder revolution, dissolution o l.i... .......i.i: .i r..,...a..ni.i- i,.,... ...i ci.. IIIM'IIIMII'M' IIMII M.VII II. If i II...V inn MM" , .' ,.' i ,.i ,.,,i

would have revolted and taken ho""1 b,Jfo'f "V, , "y "N chance, of revolution. Must it come to 8(Mr. Randall) that any economy .,.!........! i... r i...t.....i ,.,.,,i,.?.. that will prevent the government from

II II I im it" ii-i win mi iri i' imiiiiw go down to satisfc the greed of thoe Juhoaie valiant if. pure and cowardin war? Shall this country bo so manHtied that the interests of a few nnti-re-mldlean capitalists opposed to the rijfht . iLH-.,,.,n .ii it.,. ,nU. !., i-.v.r of a! n.onevei aristocracv. shall ruin the in- ' r .... a tcrcsta of tho people? Was HiIk govern. tneni established and maiuiatucii ntiei I. ..... J. .1 ln, .... ... To protect IbN industrv (lahor, the producing cause of all piocpeiity). to Live it belter encouragement and srcuri - n .. . ..... tv, o this very enu, win. una precise end in view, power was given lo congrcs. over ti.e uur.euey and over the ., nv.i'hoeoui.irv'' As a hue natriot tfulv mv. aHer an exhaustive exposition of the evils of the m.auces miicu .o.m. uy on;,, niinim was forced, demand and valttea fe .rtully contracted. III" people ruined and the republic in danger; Though the influence inai arc now working against llunightaof labor and the true interest of a repuniieaii jfov insidiotM and eoncealed eminent are under plausible reasons, et tl.edai.fer to our free iustituimiH now la no less than in the Inception of tho rebellion that shook our republic to its center, ll is oulv anollim- oligarchy, another en slaving nower that U asserting ItseU against the lulcresisni the whole people. Tli.tiii I. In ai fni-iiiiuir ill this POUlltrV ail aristocracy of wealth tliu worst form Uf wistfwtcy tksi cm cvrM tb rof

eight vears or revoluiinnai v sacrifices h- ". "inm-mus u uco.u utu iiiA.nl uiui i,. veae. or do.oot.c nUy with increased taxes lor the pur

struggle, foe a u.oneCe.l urlMoeriey. or ciue. " "l'vcr ,or nm ,,,,H,,! T,1 ' Jl" s .....i e..i. give them the currency thev once had. a

. " v iiti.rlliiiii fif tivi'lmturii viifHiMnii, in t-i.l

perily of guy country. For such an

sriMoeracy has no country 'alMcntee - mm.' nvinjf amoau wjiio,they draw ilieir income from the country, is one of its common oliractciistics. Such an ii6,ocracy is without soul and wiihoui patriotism, L.ei u save our country roui uii" us most potent ami, a? l hope, lst enemy. Let your fcllow'-citlzen i.kllaa lf l..f.fll a. ill L.mtl. ....n n ".

II , 1. t t ..'. . i f " . . - - - - , .

l.w"f,f,M the principal and inleiv-t bonds . of .mtriotUm hihI fnrf. u htoi nc il.,.t l,uJivf.- l,i..i, ci.....i.i - i' i

'" ! ...-. .tr- w, ,,,v; I . . .1 1 1 I ! . ,,e H ' ct,1'," ' cuiiimoiicouii. y lM nU T ",.,",'i rev,v,l,,r In' fluent;,, oi an abumlaiil and found enr .i ..... m.. ...i '..i..i-.awiimcfii.ii. ill.. ... .. a..... .in- mii in-i 11 jii-w

uenave "ir1. u:,,,u'" oi.ri:eMh,l1lah5nvvales.-.M,Muupti.lhy lhe.naf.e-,

, ,' '"ii; iifi a... t ,i jlu,.l i hVii,iil Ii miirn lit if " i iiu ii.;!j 1 0 ie J. " ifc'lea,. was dn-late.l. than uy us ;i tiiii. uiiriujj tne wiiole war o rei)t,j0 , . . r ,. , , U u' Pi'le ran look for no rdiel m"' tU )",'('Mi ndm.m ; . , - ... u,,i" ' V ""'''f ' :mnnry can nothey can tiu-t io n.ke laws nihI execute me.mures that vhall secure ih blesingiof libertv to theiiHclvea and their posterity.' And another ditiiiguihed member ol coiitfi-ess uurefutedlv hecaine truthfullv 'naid on the floor of the liou-e, d.trinjr tuee..ioii ol the winter of l7b and 187 7: "We are now living over aiin the history of England between 1819 and 1363. It required her troopH, iiilantr ami mvairv, to lioiil in order her tarv mi no: i mi iiKiiioiiy, 4 i, we coiuinue to cIokc workphops, factories, miuet-, fortes nnd furnacea m we have since the pavsHge of the resumption act".Millions ot our people are already , - ... V'm " , "M" . '" ' Ul. "! ' ve npun their aayinr8. Many ot them ",to br5ef P""" W"K bvlrhw;. H'ey were well clad ; they "" "Hl,,,"r '"'f."1 s-eii, 01 uii wniLnine pRwimroKir would advance money. Ihenu.uber of minll .lepositora in wvinsrbanks .,,.,.- -.,.. ai. .... "mm... ,.-i 7 :"" ,,,v n uc u inun i mu miuhiiik j dinunuiion. lhe workingmen homofe , . i , I . t iau ucejiaioii io can uic aiicntiou 01 tne .... - I.OUft tllC OtllCr UaV, the prupIC ai'C. ftKw ""J."1"? ''. Tf, wuw uiruiiict ai'iiif.fl rui.ric n iill. an1 l.innrii' .- - ..... , worKinen 1 .. . . . . "Nearly three rcr mere of this hor- . - I k -I J 'lo'Hg as the Unt.su gove.nment did. rid ilown the starving people w.tb """. " ' " , m '0,cc ",e nnMoi. uuu, m?. , . .e ,...i,n,., if ,0 he iiiaiutaiued and cuforced.de t fit til ( (Ptttatli1ltlilif Af lin i"- v... ,,nv, Hill if the rcsumplion net should be ii.itn tt nun. a. llwi a.. ....... nt. t.. ...... V'" ' , , ""i".- "7 blor, and the laborer, having sold his kU1 "f knowledge, to pay tor and conliimiii 1 1 ir ni'iiiloels ol i 1 1. .. u-n nt.iv - - ;, i'm:p tin? new nl an army, in our mannh.cii.r.u-; cct. lets. Ih.t, on the ot hand, II the tinancia legislation now prevailing is lo be malmaiucd, I warn ' co.ieaguo am. an 0.1 er ma,, ccouo insets against depriving tho government of power t maintain order in our milling and niitnuiacturiug districts." It remains with the luho.cra to say whether they shall live on "bread anil water" and be virtually Ihe dependent slaves of their masters, or bu men, with l cjolls t'ood, mid tlie NMial com. torts of lite for themselves and lamilirs, by combining and electing only sHi h as shall he known to be true te their In terests, turn out tho-e who now betrav tbtir interest and would shoot them down, If they dared, for trying to secure relief, ll is in the hands of the itmssea. of the laborers, to decide for themselves whether they will be free or slaves. "Imom wm wuM frt mwrt urn

.......... I... I s ..... I i .... : .i...

...... ....... ... '(..UlMTl'.V 1'........ II. ... VI.

selves strike the Mow." We mereh

mint at the remedy; it i or the laborer. lo act. If tint republic istnbeMrpil.it is the Inborn- who must ilo it. IT ii goes down they are at fault and must not complain ' at their lot when rom manned ai flu eamioirri mouth to obev. 'l lie remedv is a vcrv i-i'v one. Lei the government only establish, and issue Lt 1t....'l. i l - -1 4.-. . iipilllMIHI UI JUMI nWH.jJ, j 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 C , Ml W i C I I I I V I 1 Oil. H 11 (1 Ulllllllll .nte cm, wl: - hy ,,,0s,-, wh, 1 iti. taxea and a -oon tind itelf emp'.iiyeil poitc it, to make it e;iru. r; . "vw"" Ill tlllWkllttf I tft itC l lit in.- iMiiiiuuiHu iiicrcas,; 01 tieiiiniici lot I . 7 v . .. niu riiri.H (Mil HIMJ MOIHMJ! .4. . . . 1 Vtt .1 11 1 r 1 u...m, o,. tioiH adopled the gold nmlocnicv ineasore of value a'f iciu, and are tiiianei illv ruined, able to be maintained oulv bv bullet and havonet. WOl now "unions eh very and this republfc. If they will inn act they mu-t serve their masters. To remain idle is equivalent to work againsi . ; ;'k7 -;,"VC (M JZlSu it 511 in .L,' oV M,lw $ l 01 frcemC" IOr thc,,,selves ' ... ,i "t ,!.... i . ". ' lIIIIIIV9. Len.mii.gtou Iteniti. Boons Ti., Dubois? (.. Ixn., ' Oct. 7th, 1877.$ A DIRGE ON VAN'S OLD SLED. Van Mi ley old sled. Did arise from ihe dead ; He hauled oil' his raiments And put out for bed. lie arose very queer, And looked up a to say I am going to slide dew The old highway. Hut presently he came To a bright running stream, Though ho thought all the while It was only a dream. I will slide along In a modest pace. Though I think I hare Surely arrived at the place. Hello! uncle Sam. How does you nud I sfsnd? Will you give me e pillow, Of shucks, hay and bran? I will stop eaid the sled, And I'll Slide up to bed ; On this fine rick of hay 1 will rest my poor head. He awoke in the morning, Kot reeling much woie; He sprang from the rick By his muscular force. He hailed every wagon That passed hy the road, Inviting them on. And to haul up a load. Ha' Mr. Si ranger, I prav you cros over, With the rest of the. folks We will haul hi Sam's clover. The stranger unheeded, Thn words' that he aid, And replied -0. lla nothing;, Hut Van's eld tiled. Pf.tf.r IlAitDur. Times Improving. I'cfkport DfWcrt. List Saturday n saving bank went np.l Momliiv auolhrr followed suit. I ueday the .Prairio -Slate Loan anil Tuot Company of Chicago began to close it? business. Times ro improving wonlerlully. II the mill grinds a" good hn the next six month as it has for the. Ia( every man will have to be hU own hanker. An English magazine having writ ten exhaustively upon "Water as a Bvrrige,w At. Albany paper thinks the scheme is fetslult d Micht 4 tout MTi irwu.

roitl pavaiu

The iieonlii

...... . , ... , . s . ,,,H(i(. H .ir. n Jim

Kat least lour ho.u-i each day from' ir,..,1,rt ,, p,.,.,.,,,, ..,... B'i.i .u

hi the eusnh.g election to foru. ,... ..,, ?a ,rnnl, .

'and "coinbinat ons"to control " . ; .."'..,'

.i . "i . inane no. nisi wc are so uvM.cnuniy

iiiui.x nun .mi; uil'IIIi' jj MUIII M!,-l

: .... : .. v" 1 v: ' l5MM Vhooi, to v noii.ing about th

Z' ". ' 1 .Mn,u,,,UM,V",nariefiof lUv, we feel disgu-.ted.

. ' rV .V ,.u,e..,n"?,l Children arc going to school and

I""'""' i,i "la-uny, wneuieri...iiu.. , 1 r;.. ... ...:..

Kellcrvili ItMX. Kkli.trvillx, Ocl. , TT. Tr, KniTon : An no one wenw to b zivinjr yon any ilann Irnm "our oorner,' we will "ive ymi a few to Help fill nf

It he rolumns of your papier. SeMin? w6eat ueetna to be the ordr iirfor33 els. per acre. c think Mr. Hxud-tcatterurri will soon starve out. "Our corner" is needing nin as water is disappearing in many places. Some .sickness mostly the "cold tVvei" chills. Cattle-feederj' are now hmy looking up the 'strays," n1 paying good prices. Uoyp, you mat compiniu so uitieli about hard time and no money. taie a few more calves and have your Wheat drilled. We noticed several I hat coinpl .in of no money and hard limS!, 'were jut foolifh enoiiyli to dig around ever mi hard to get a half dollar lo go lo JMie'-big show at Jasper." hut mo.-t pcruw. wc believe, express themselves satisfied with shows - for a wildcat least. oun say it was a humbug and none nra -aliticdb exclaiming, alas! my half loll r. What for a show it really was. we don't know, for we saved our half lollaraud Maying at home made another opposed to shows, but when we see persons spending llie last half dollar to go to see the "big shows" when they need to buv hooks to send their children to necus Our the , uJiii ;ii:n iiuiii uic ui. anun bought them slates, spelling-l-Tioks and eadcrS. Neighbors, if vou did go to the bigshoW'trv andfun isl. vourchildrcR . I " ... ... ...1 " , I .1. proper ihioks io o io gvnooi, wmuu wa Uonsiiier a 'little" more advantage to them than -'Ingsliows." TJev. Itundell, sent to this work. preached a good sermon last Sunday at Mt. Zion. From hi appearance we think he will "take" as a preacher. Some candidates a few for matri mony, ami a few for llie "jug;" but from what we can learn the jug must be b'Uit full. Wo hope the worthy S fl will keen bis hand well on ihe stopper. Be imtiunt George R few daya longer. There are i jolly set of tcatnters hauling lumher from Knoxrillc to Shoal?, judging from the uuNe, they make. Jlovs, make a "little" le uidso, especially so early in the morning a you dUturh my dreams. Seldom. Catholic College. Mr. Michael Wagner was in the cilr last Monday and paid the purchase money, 2,00i). for Ihe General William son proptrty, which Ihe HenetUctiiifl Sinters of Providence, of Ferdinand, lhiuoh County, Itid., have purchased for the purpose of establishing u catholic College hi ltockport. Tho Sister will toke charge of the building a soon as the uoccfsary repairs arc mane, which will be in a week or ten days. llockport Democrat. Three half-grown bovs. near Cincin tint i. poured gasoline on tho leg of a little fellow live years old, and tbfn set lire to it right at tho toe. The flesh wa burnt ol), leaving the Imne bare and partially charred. The freak seems to have been the working of a dcvlish spirit of cruelty, ai while the child was burn ing they threw stones nt him, bruising tin' quivering flesh. For three days ha laid in a burning fever, and the physicians feared he would die, hut lliauka to a strong constitution and good nursing, ho is now recovering. Tho boys have not been punished in any manner. Hon. Thomas II. Cobb will leave 'or Washington Citv next Monday, to be present at ihe opening of tho session of Congress on the 15th inst Mr, Cobb's known ability and Integrity will, we predict, secure for him a prominent positiou and great inllnei.ee in the House of Ilepreseiitaiives. '1 he second dis trict of Indiana may well be proud of her representative. I Viucennos Sun. Grant is engaged In the congenial huine of endeavoring to stlgii.atlzo a lead man. Uo says thai Sumner wrn u habitual liar. A man now dead siid the same thing of Orant and proved it. that was Andy Johnson. -Chicago limes. Tlie neaeoiik eats tin notsto-hnr tnd there's a prospect that the proud bird may bMeuM useful m well as orua to).