Jasper Banner, Volume 2, Number 11, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 19 April 1855 — PAUL JONES: [ARTICLE]

PAUL JONES:

Conditiok of the Oitt. The scenes A # , oF mob rule and riot with which our city hits been disgraced during the present week, are the natural offspring of Secret Political>.oeifcties. Such associations never did exist without begetting proscription, persecution, and violence, and they never will. Secrecy is so abhorrent to every principle of true republicanism, that the two cannot remain m juxtaposition. The secret order is the hot bed of fyranieal resolves and unjust conclusions, carried out by rash and cruel acts. i?odies whose individual members would shrink from a breach of the law or a disobedience to its commands, finds no difficulty in ignoring the statutes, of the State, and breaking every precept of civil society. The doings .connected with this election are worthy to be remembered and pondered upon, tyfe see® to be approaching a condition of things terrible to contemplate, but still worse in there- , afiifation. To be inoffensive is now no guaranty of security. The dregs of society are uppermost, and when such is the case there is no offense so likely to be punished as respectability.— Cin: Com * mereial. ; * DC7“The Freewill Baptist in the United. States have 1,155 churches, ministers, and 149 licentiates. They have also a .Thieofogical school in % Kew figmpshirc,which has iaore than 15(|men, moat of them nc||f in.uieministry; andtwaTiterary ih»tttohpnft r with about 200 students in' Hen. Another college is in pro«r*- Michigan.

THE SCOURUE OF THE OCEAN. The subject of this sketch, John Paul Jones, occupies a position isl; the history of American marine shared by few others, llis exploits were always marked by a daring confidence in his ultimate'success, and he achieved ends in many cases with remarkably inadequuTfT tIU! aw?: —; He u'as, Ijorn July the 6, 1747, at Arbiiiglhnd, in the parish of Kidfch bean, {Scotland. His father’s name was John Paul. The name of Jones was assumed in addition at a later date. His father was a gardener, and continued, during his life, in the employ of Mr, Crajk, of ArbiglanJ. The cariy’ cdiicatitm of i r a aQ on eg" was limited, hut thot( ugh as far as it went. At the early ag3 of twelve years he Was regularly apprenticed “to fiilkijv the sea. His master was a Mr. Younger, a merchant, in the American trade. Oil arriving at U:s destination he found his • brother William, who had been a resident here for a. number of years. With this brother he remained during the time he was in port. Jones manifested great aptness for the profession, and'made-at this period several very successful "Voyages. land in the Jo/m, as a passenger, the master and mate died of yellow fever, and Jones assumed the direction of the vessel, which he carried safely into port. He received the command of the vessel he had rescued, as his reward.’ Thus we find Jones, at the age of twenty or twenty-one, in full command of a merchant vessel, an instance of promotion, which, with the obscure and uupatronized, never occurs without the existence of great" merit. In the employ of the owners of this vessel, Jones sailed two, years, at the end of which time the tittfn dissolved. Fro,n this date, up to his departure for America, he followed thiV sea m vamma capaatties. goiiuY twice to the coast of Africa; on slaving expeditions. In 1773 his brother William died in i Yuigifvia, leaving him heir to his es~»‘ tate. 131 or J e rto alte iidfio his property he came to America, and it was shortly alter his arrival that he assumed the name of Jones. The reasons for the adoption of this name have never been definitely given. Jones’ connection with the American navy commenced sometime in 'December, 1775. He was ordered to the Alfred twenty-four trttns. as first lieutenant. On board this vessel, at Philadelphia, on the 10th of December, 177 ti, he hoisted for the tirst time, the ado j >te d Hag of-the Unite d Col - /xtririu All i l I A j , , tation of a~pme tree and a rattle? snake, with this motto —“Don’t--Tread-on Me." • ,

While .attached to the Alfred he came first under Are in.aa engagement with the Glasgow, twenty-four guns, oil' Newport. The Alfred was badly cut up in this affair, which resulted iu the escape of the Glasgow into Newport. In a variety of commands which Jones undertook about this time, he particularly distinguished himself by his promptness of action, and the ability which he displayed at seizing at orree on .the best modes of extricating himself from impending danger. • It was under the command of John Paul Jones that the American vessel, the Bon Homme Richard, fought the English battleship Scrapis, on Flamb rough Head. This action was particularly noted for the fury with which it was conducted on both sides, liefore noting any of the incidents of this engagement, it will be well to mention, the strength of the two vessels engaged. The Bon Homme Richard was formerly an Indiaman belonging to “the French, and y was called the Due dc Duras. ■ She was fourteen years old, and although bought for a fast sailer anda sound hull, proved to be dull under sail arfft-rotten in timber- She Ivas along, single-decked-ship. Her armament, all told, was forty-two guns. The Scrapis was a new ship, carrying forty-four guns, and about three hundred and. fifty- men. The engagementtook place on the 23d of September, 1/79. .At an early hour the ships became entangled with each other and continued lashed side by side during the whole aetieir. They yvere so close together that the gunners were obliged to pass the rammers into the months of the hostile pprts to get them into their guns, ftfccnnrse the execution done at this short range was terrific. Everywhere

resounded vyith intermingled cheers j and groans*. The dead were strewn | about in every direction, and the most j awful confusion pre\ ailed. Ihe Hick- j (ltd was frequently on fire and at the j close of the action was in a .sinking condition. Her sides were almost destroyed by the guns of the Scrapis, and nothing prevented the quarter and main deck from literally lulling down upon the lower deck but a few top timbers that foriainrto 1 y--r< in ant~_. ed standing, This left Jones and his companions fighting on a sort ol stage, upheld by stanchions tuat were Halite at any moment to give way. Thedoss on both sides was tearfully* great. Full one hundred and fifty of the Richard's men were killed,.and the Scrapis lost one hundred and seventeen. The Scrapis finally struck her colors, and the bloody* carnage ceased, and upon the heaving wave floated the two shattered hullsfireigh tied with the maimed, the dying and. the dead. Great e{forts were made •to keep the Ra%rd afloat, hut after toiling a whole day and night, it became evident.that she had “fought her last battle.” Her men, and such articles as it was desirable or possible to save, were transferred to the j Scrapis, and at ten o'clock the old, Due dc Dura* .settled majestically iu-! to the bos< mi of the sea. £££=£:::- Paul Jones arrived at the Texel, Holland, with his prize. Here he was blockaded by a British fleet from the Downs. This fleet consisted oi twenty-one line-of-battle ships, which were disposed in such a manner as to threaten complete destruction to Jones should.he attempt to leave his anchorage. -- 1 - 1 -"" T 1 A reward often thousand guineas was offered for the head ol John Paul J Jones. i liis —much sought-after individual determined to run the gauntlet and escape if possible.— Having fully instructed Ins men, he availed himself (if a day when the wind was blowing a gale oli shore, and' weighirrg *aTnjhnrr came down under easy sail toward the center oi the British fleet. * He directed his course so as to comfe under the lee oi the battle-ship i from whence the Admiral s flag wan l lying! llis motions were watched by the whole licet, who supposed he had come out to surrender. At this moment Jones gave the word, his ship. the Alliance, became a cloud oif canvass, and he flew past the astonished Admiral, delivering a full broadside as he passed ! Onward he flew, dere(T(‘ivTng~bmttdside alter broadside, anil escaped without the loss of a mast or a spar; Jones sailed at = VkffiabTe prizes 1 bo find toFTEitradcTiy with which he arrived safely in port. On the 18th of October, 1787, Congress voted him a gold rnellkl in honor of his services. Jones quilted] America in November, 1 /67,andnever again visited its shores. He was afterwards engaged in the Russian service, being sent to the lilaek Sea by the Empress Catharine, as rearadmiral, immediately after his n arrival at St. Petersburg. April 28, 1788, he joined Prince Potemkin, who had the command of the Russian forces in the Black Sea. llis connection with the Russian service is a > complex history of disappointment and intrigue. ' While in this service he was in many severe engagements, arid r-howed great personal courage, though the opportunity never seemed to present ltselflbr the exhibition of any remarkable exploit, or a quality -worthy of his previous career. He resided for some time proceeding his death in Paris, where he died om the. eighteenth of July, t l7d2 f at the age. of forty-live. A disting uisturd -writer, himsclf a sailor, in speaking of Paul Jones, sums up his qualities in the following' manner: “In battle, Paul Jones was brave; inenterprise, hardy and original; in victory, mild and generous; in motives, much disposed to disinterestedness, though ambitious of renown, and coventous of distinction. In his pecuniary relations hefivas liberal;in llis affections, natural and sincere; and in his temper, just and forbearing.” . ' Wass Tor the Hair — Olive oil, half an ounce; oil of rosemary, one draehm; strong hartshorn, two drachms; rose-water, half a pint. — Add the rose-water by degrees, otherwise it will not amalgamate. * .JQPJPut no Yavth-in tale>bc aterß, r r

Horrible State as Affairs in Cuba. | W hilst England and France are i squandering millions of money, and' aacj;ilicing the lives of. their subjects j by thousandjs. in waging a war 1 against what they call the barbarism of Russia, and for the advance of j Christian civilization, they are upholding a despotism in Cuba widen ; has no paraieli. The murder of Pin-1 to is but one of a long catalogue of j evideneesof unsurpassed cruelty and ! barbansTm Ttrcre is w libn rt y Cuba, there is no property their—-no suitty oflife or honor in Cuba. A tyranny, against which even Europe would revolt, you can see any clear day from the promontories of Florida. There it is. the-death of intolerance.; the agony of military torture.the horror of the inquisition, the ever-increas-ing and agonizing demonism of the slave trade, all in one, ail collected from the barbarities of ages, brewing j and writhing under those * clouded i mountain-tops to tiie-cast. And that is what England and France propose to protect! l’here are no laws in Cuba, save such as a nomadic governor, equally remorseless as to life or. money, chooses to make for himself. There J is no press there. . A rigid and armed wall excludes the people from the world, and the world from them.— They seize mails there, open letters, and seize those to who.n they are addressed. There is no trial there, by jury or otherwise. A secret tribunal decides on life and death, without calling a witness or arraigning the aecutfed except to torture him into confession, or relying for evidence upon a convicted felon. nnyn^n | out of that island save as its governor \yills—no civilized man or women can enter save with his permission. A brave soldier is tried in secret there, or not tried at all, but doomed in secret; he is pinned in public view in* an arm-chair, and hi» neck twisted oif, and thcbelis of religion sing a sanctified chime. They shoot men in the back there, and order African savages to brutalize themselves, and drag the noble and dead victims naked through the streets. They shoot Americans in the hack there —men wlio ngverkfielt-save to their God, and always die with their face to theenemy. They kill wonhen there. — ; The armed and public spy walks masked there through the streets and pbmtrwit'tho-vfletkna of his vengehec. Night after night hordes of Africans are poured into that “society” to threaten with universal assassination ‘he peojTde'oT the-whole community, shou 1 d th ey re volt or should a disgusted world revolt for them. ' Priests qj no* t.hf a ip h Yrri rs -pttiy'for the slave-ship. That island; lies in sight of Florida, in American waters, and there and such is the stains quo which an Anglo-French alFfiance would protect with British and French iieets. — Wash. Union.