Jasper County Democrat, Volume 23, Number 59, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 20 October 1920 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

IJEAGUE OF NATIONS COVENANT

(Continued from TV One)

invite* to sena a nepresenvauvc nit as a member at any meeting of the Council during the consideration •f matters specially affecting the interests of that Member of the League. - _ .. , At meetings of the Council, Member of the League represented on the Council shall have one vote, and may have not more than one Representative. Article 5 Except where otherwise expressly provided in this Covenant or by the terms of the present Treaty, decisions at any meeting of the Assembly or of the Council shall require the agree »nent of all the Members qf the League represented at tne meeting. All matters of procedure at meetings of the Assembly or of the Codncil, including the appointment of Committees to investigate particular matters, shall be 'regulated by the Assembly or by the Council and may be decided by a majority of the Members of the League represented at the meeting. • The first meeting of the Assembly and the first meeting of the Council shall be summoned by the President of the United States of America. 4 Article 6 The permanent Secretariat i shall be established at the Seat of the League. The Secretariat shall comprise a Secretary General and such secretaries and staff as may be required. The first Secretary General shall be the person named in the Annex; thereafter the Secretary General shall be appointed by the Council with the approval of the majority of the Assembly. The secretaries and staff of the Secretariat shall be appointed by the Secretary General with the approval of the Council. The Secretary General shall act in that capacity at all meetings of the Assembly and of the Council. The expenses of the Secretariat shall be borne by the Members of the League in accordance with the apportionment of the expenses of the International Bureau of the Universal Postal Union. Article 7 The Seat of the League is establishectatGeneva. The Council may at any time decide that the Seat of the League shall be established elsewhere. All positions under or in connection with the League, including the Secretariat, shall be open equally to men and women. > Representatives of the Members of the League and officials of the League when engaged on the business of the League shall enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities. The buildings and other property occupied by the League or its officials or by Representatives attending its meetings shall be inviolable. Article 8 The members of the League recognize that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point cotsistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations. The Council, taking account of the geographical situation and circumstances of each State, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every ten years. - After these plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council. The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and imple-° ments of wgr is open to grave objections. The Council shall advise how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary for their safety. - The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries as are adaptable to war-like purposes. Article 9 A permanent Commission shall be constituted to advise the Council on the execution of the provisions of , Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval and. air questions generally. Article 10 ... The Members of the League undertake to respect * and preserve as against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members of the League. In case of any such aggression or in case of any threat or danger of such aggression the Council shall advise upon the means by which this obligation shall be fulfilled. Article 11 Any war or threat of war, whether immediately affecting any of the Members of the League or not, is hereby declared a matter of concern to the whole League, and the League shall take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations. In case any such emergency should arise the Secretary General shall on the request «C any Member of the league forth-

with summon a meeting of tne Council It is also declared to be the friendly right of each Member of the League to bring to the attention of the Assembly or of the Council any circumstance whatever affecting international relations which threatens to disturb international peace or the good understanding between nations upon which peace depends. Article 12 The Members of the League agree that if there should arise between them any dispute likely to lead to a rupture, they will submit the matter either to arbitration or to inquiry by the Council, and they agree in no case to resort to war until three months after the award by the arbitrators or the report by the Council In any case under this Article the award of the arbitrators shall be made within a reasonable time, and the report of the Council shall be made within six months after the submission of the dispute. Article 13 The Members of the League agree that whenever any dispute shall arise between them which they recognize to be suitable for submission to arbitration and which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy, they will submit the whole subject-matter to arbitration. Disputes as to the interpretation of a treaty, as to any question of international law, as to the existence of any fact which if established would constitute a breach of any international obligation, or aS to the extent and nature of the reparation to be made for any such breach, are declared to be among those which are generally suitable for submission to arbitration. For the consideration of any such dispute the court of arbitration to which the case is referred shall be the Court agreed on by the parties to the dispute or stipulated in any convention existing between them. The Members of the League agree that they will carry out in full good faith any award that may be rendered, and that they will not resort to war against a Member of the League which complies therewith. In the event of any failure to carry out such an award, the Council shall propose what steps should be taken to give effect thereto.

Article 14 The Council shall formulate and submit to the Members of the League for adoption plans for the establishment of a Permanent Court of International Justice. The Court shalj be competent to hear and determine any dispute of an international character which the parties thereto submit to it. The Court may also give an advisory opinion upon any dispute or question referred to it by the Council or by the Assembly. Article 15 If there should arise between Members of the League any dispute likely to lead to a rupture, which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance with Article 13, the Members of the League agree that they will submit the matter to the Council. Any party to the dispute may effect such submission by giving notice of the existence of the dispute to the Secretary General, who will make all necessary arrangements for a full investigation and consideration thereof. For this purpose the parties to the dispute will communicate to the Secretary General, as promptly as possible, statements of their case with all the relevant facts and papers, and the Council may forthwith direct the publication thereof. The Council shall endeavor to effect a settlement of the dispute, and if such efforts are successful, a statement shall be made public, giving such facts and explanations regarding the dispute and the terms of settlement thereof as the Council may deem appropriate. If the dispute is not thus settled, the Council, either unanimously or by a majority vote, shall make and publish a report containing a statement of the facts of the dispute and the recommendations which are deemed just and proper in regard thereto. Any Member of the League represented on the Council may make public a statement of the facts of the dispute and of its conclusions regarding the same. If a report by the Council- is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League agree that they will not go to war with any party to the dispute which complies with the recommendations of the report. , If the Council fails to reach a report which is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof, other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League reserve to themselves the right to take such action as they shall consider necessary for the maintenance of right and justice. o If the dispute between the parties is claimed by one of them, and is found by the Council, to arise out of a matter which by international law is solely within the domestic jurisdiction of that party, the Council shall so report, and shall make no recommendation as to its settlement The Council may in any case under this Article refer the dispute to the Assembly. The dispute shall be se referred at the request of either party to the dispute, provided that such request be made within fourteen days after the submission of the dispute tc the Council. ’ . In any case referred to the As-, sembly, all the provisions of this Article qnd of Article .12 relating tc

THE TWICE-A-WEEK DEMOCRAT

the action and powers of the Council shall apply to the action and powen of the Assembly, provided that a report made by the Assembly if concurred in by the Representatives ol those Members of the League represented on the Council and of a majority of the other Members of thi League, exclusive in each case of the Representatives of the parties to ths dispute, shall have the same force at a report by the Council concurred in by all the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or mors of the parties tn the dispute. Article 16 Should any Member of the League resort to war in disregard of its cove nants under Articles 12. 13 or 15, il shall ipso facto be deemed to have committed an act of war against all other Members of the League, which hereby undertake immediately to subject it to the severance of all trade or financial relations, the prohibition of all intercourse between their nationals and the nationals of the cove-nant-breaking State, and the prevention of all financial, commercial or personal intercourse between the nationals of the covenant - breaking State and the nationals of any other State, whether a Member of the League or not. It shall be the duty of the Council in such case to recommend to the several Governments concerned what effective military, naval or air force the Members of the League shall severally contribute to the armed force to be used to protect the covenants of the League. The Members of the League agree, further, that they will mutually support one another in the financial and economic measures which are taken under this Article, in order to minimize the loss and sulting from the above measurers,-and that they will mutually support one another in resisting any special measures aimed at one of their number by the covenant-breaking State, and that they will take the necessary steps to afford passage through their territory to the forces of any of the Members of the League which are cooperating to protect the covenants of the League. Any Member of the League which has violated any covenant of the League may be declared to be no longer a Member of the League by a vote of the Council concurred in by the Representatives of all the other

Article 17 In the event of a dispute between a Member of the League and a State which is not a Member of the League, or between States not Members of the League, the State or States not Members -of the League shall be invited to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, upon such conditions as the Council may deem just. If such invitation is accepted, the provisions of Articles 12 to 16, inclusive, shall be applied with such modifications as may be deemed necessary by the Council. Upon such invitation being given the Council shall immediately institute an inquiry into the circumstances of the dispute and recommend such action as may seem best and most effectual in the circumstances. If a State so invited shall refuse to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, and shall resort to war against a Member of the League, the provisions of Article 16 shall be applicable as against the State taking such action. * If both parties to the dispute when so invited refuse to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, the Council may take such measures and make such recommendations as will prevent hostilities and will result in the settlement of the dispute. ~ . Article lIP Every treaty or international engagement entered into hereafter by any Member of the League shall be forthwith registered with the Secretariat and shall as soon as possible be published by it. Ne such treaty or international engagement shall be binding until so registered.

Article 19 The Assembly may from time to time advise the reconsideration by Members of the League of treaties which have become inapplicable and the consideration of international conditions whose continuance might endanger the peace of the world. Article 20 The Members of the League severally agree that this Covenant is accepted as abrogating all obligations or understanding!! se which are inconsistent with the terms thereof, and solemnly undertake that they will not hereafter enter into any engagements inconsistent with the terms thereof. - In case any Member of the League shall before becoming a Member of the League have undertaken any obligations inconsistent with the terms of this Covenant, it shall be the duty of such Member to take immediate steps to procure its release from such obligations. Article 21 Nothing in this Covenant shall be deemed to affect the validity of international engagements, such as treaties of arbitration or regional understandings like the Monroe doctrine, for securing the maintenance of peace. x z Article 22 To those colonies and' territories which as a consequence of the late war have ceased to be under the sovereignty of the States which formerly governed them and which are inhab-.

Ited Dy peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world, there should be ' applied the principle that the well-being and development of such peoples form a sacred trust of civilization and that securities for the performance of this trust should be embodied in this Covenant. The best method of giving practical effect to this principle is that the tutelage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations who by reason of their resources, their experience or their geographical position can best undertake this responsibility and who are willing to accept it, and that this tutelage should be exercised by them as Mandatories on behalf of the League. The character of the mandate must differ according to the stage of the development of the people, the geographical situation of the territory, its economic conditions and other similar circumstances. Certain communities formerly belonging to the Turkish Empire have reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be provisionally recognized subject to the rendering of administrative advice and assistance by a Mandatory until such time as they are able to stand alone. The wishes of these communities must be a principal consideration in the selection of the Mandatory. Other peoples, especially those of Central Africa, are at such a stage that the Mandatory must be responsible for the administration of the territory under conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience and religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and the prevention of the establishment of fortifications or military and naval bases and of military training of the natives for other than police purposes and the defense of territory, and will also secure equal opportunities for the trade and commerce of other Members of the League. There are territories, such as Southwest Africa and certain of the South Pacific Islands, which, owing to the sparseness of their population, or their small size, or their remoteness from the centers of civilization, or their geographical contiguity to the territory of the Mandatory, and other circumstances, can be best administered under~the laws of the Mandatory as integral portions of its territory, subject to the safeguards above mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population. In every case of mandate, the Mandatory shall render to the Council an annual report in reference to the territory committed to its charge. The degree of authority, control, or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory shall, if not previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, be explicitly defined in each case by the Council. A permanent Commission shall be constituted to receive and examine the annual reports of the Mandatories and to advise the Council on all matters relating to the observance of the mandates.

Article 23 Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of international conventions existing or hereafter to be agreed upon, the Members of the League: (a) will endeavor to secure and maintain fair and humane conditions of labor for men, women, and children, both in their own countries and in all countries to which their commercial and industrial relations extend, and for that purpose will establish and maintain the necessary international organizations; (b) undertake to secure just treat- . went of the native inhabitants of territories under their control; (c) will entrust the League with the general supervision over the execution of agreements with regard to the traffic in women and children, and the traffic in opium and other dangerour drugs; ' (d) will entrust the League with the general supervision of the trade in arms and ammunition with the countries in which the control of this traffic is necessary in the common interest; (e) will make provision to secure and maintain freedom of communications and of transit and equitable treatment for the commerce of all Members of the League. In this connection, the special necessities of the regions devastated during the war of 1914-1918 shall be borne in mind; (f) will endeavor to take steps in matters of international concern for the prevention and control of disease. Article 24 There shall be placed under the direction of the League all international bureaux already established by general treaties, if the parties to such treaties consent. AU such international bureaux and all commissions for-the regulation of matters

GENERAL ■■ I am experienced In the Auction business, having conducted some of the largest sales In the county with success. I am a judge of values and will make an honest effort to get the high dollar. Write or Wire for terms and dates at my expense. J. R. BRANDENBURG Phone 106-H, Fransesvllle, or 941-G, Rensselaer P.; O. McCoysburg, R-1

of international interest hereafter constituted shall be placed under the direction of the League. In all matters of international interest which are regulated by general conventions but which are not placed 'under the control of international bureaux or commissions, the Secretariat of the League shall, subject to the consent of the Council and if desired by the parties, collect and distribute all relevant information and shall render any other assistance which may be necessary or desirable. The Council may include as part of the expenses of the Secretariat the expenses of any bureau or commission which is placed under the direction of the League. Article 25 The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation of duly authorized voluntary national Red Cross organizations having as -purposes the improvement of health, the prevention of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world. Article 26 Amendments to this Covenant will take effect when ratified by the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Council and by a majority of the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Assembly., No such amendment shall bind any Member of the League which signifies its dissent therefrom, but in that case it shall cease to be a Member of the League. ANNEX _ I. ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE LEAGUI OF NATIONS' SIGNATORIES OF THE TREATY OF PEACE Belgium Honduras Bolivia Italy Brazil Japan British Empire Liberia Canada Nicaragua Australia Panama South Africa Peru New Zealand Poland India Portugal China Roumania Cuba Serb-Croat-Ecuador Slovene State France Siam Greece Czecho-Slovakia Guatemala Uruguay Haiti United States of Hedjaz America

STATES INVITED TO ACCEDE TO THE COVENANT Argentine Paraguay Republic Persia — Chili Salvador Colombia Spain Denmark Sweden Netherlands Switzerland Norway Venezuela * ii. first secretary general of the LEAGUE OF NATIONS The Honorable Sir James Eric Drummond, ,K. C. M. G., C. B.

A WAR MOTHER’S VIEWS

There has been so much said on this great issue, the league of nations, I would like to say a few words to the mothers of this country. A few years ago I held a little boy on my lap. I looked after Ms little needs, little dreaming that the time would come when I would see that same boy in his splendid manhood march away to join in this bloody war, but I did. Never will I forget the cold, dark, gloomy morning when he kissed me good-by and left for the training camp. Never will I forget the day he sailed from New York harbor out Into that terrible war, just like thousands of other boys did. No one knows but us what it means and if things go on the way they are now it will be, but a very few years until we shall see the same dark days again. My boy may be too old to go then, but it will be your boy, the babe of today. Now, while we mothers have a chance to vote for a league of nations that will forever keep peace, what shall we do? Shall we let a party hold us or shall we vote what our hearts tell us is the right thing? You ask the boys that went to France what they think is the best for our country and they will tell you frankly the league of nations. I will vote the Democratic ticket, not . because I' am a Democrat so much as I am in favor of the principles the party stands for. I’m not going to vote for Mr. Cox because he is. a Democrat, but because he stands for just what our- country needs—-the league of nations- If the Republicans were standing for that and the Democrats against it, then I would vote the Republican ticket because I want to vote for the things we need most to protect our country. I’m not tied to any one party, nor would ever be, and I don’t -see how any war mother could ever--vote. for anything but the league of nations and make our boys safe for all time. A War Mother, in Indianapolis News.

Buy your lead pencils at Democrat office. We handle good quality pencils at lowest prices.

CIRCUIT COURT ALLOWANCES.

Marion Davis. Juror, mileage - „ per D 3 6.00 Jesse Nichols, clerk, Sept, term, 24 days ...... Same, vacation, 5 days .... 10.00 Same, postage .. • p.OO B. F. Fendig, Jury com. .... 3.00 Same, sup to ct. rpt...... 4.20 L. H. Hamilton, ptg., b. dock. 25.00 Inez O. Nichols, prep, b dock 10.00 West. Pbl. Co., law books .... 109.00 L. D. Powell & Co., same ... 6.00 The Frank Shepherd Co., same 8.00 The Bobbs-Merrill Co., same ... 20.00 Edward Thompson Co., same ... 1.50 Callaghan & Co., same 7.50 National Annotating 5.00 American Law Book Co 8.00 Wm. Childers, bailiff, Sept. Term, 24 D. 48.00 Same, vacation, 5 days ....’. 10-00 John Williams, riding bailiff. 6 days * 12.50 True D. Woodworth, Sheriff, Sept, term, 24 d. -48.00 Same, vacation term, 5 d. ... 10.00 SCHUYLER C. ROBINSON, % Auditor.

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1920.

0211330 J • ■ — ■ ...i ■ RENSSELAER TIME TABLE In effect July 11, 1920. ' NORTHBOUND Nd. 36 Cincinnati to Chicago 4:34 a.m« No. 4 Louisville to, Chicago 5:01a.m. No. 16 ‘Cincinnati to Chic’go 6:17 a.m. No. 40 Lafayette to Chicago 7:24 a.m. No. 32 llndianap's to Chicago 10:36 a.m. No. 88 Cincinnati to Chicago 2:61 p.m. No. 6 Louisville to Chicago 8:36 p.m. No. 30 Cincinnati to Chicago 6:60 p.m. SOUTHBOUND No. 15 ‘Chic’go to Cincinnati 1:40 a.m. No. 36 Chicago to Cincinnati 2:27 a.m. No. 5 Chicago to Louisville 10:56 a.m. No. 37 Chicago to Cincinnati 11:18 a.m. No. 33 Chicago to Cincinnati 1:57 p.m. No. 39 Chicago to Lafayette 5:50 p.m. No. 31 Chicago to Indianap's 7:31 p.m. No. 3 Chicago to Louisville 11:10 p.m. •Stop on signal to take on or let off passengers to or from points south or Indianapolis.

OFFICIAL DIRECTORY. CITY OFFICIALS Mayor... Charles G. Spitler Clerk Charles Morlan Treasurer Charles M. Sands Civil Engineer .... L. A. Bostwick Fire Chief J. J. Montgomery Fire Warden .... J. J. Montgomery Councilmen Ward No. 1 Ray Wood Ward No. 2 J. D. Allman Ward No. 3 Fred Waymire At large—Rex Warner, C. Kellner JUDICIAL OFFICIALS Circuit Judge C. W. Hanley Prosecuting Atty...J. C. Murphey Terms of court—Second Monday in February, April. September and November. Four week terms. ■ l,l ■ : COUNTY OFFICIALS Clerk . Jeste Nichols Sheriff .True D. Woodworth Auditor S. C. Robinson Treasurer John T. Biggs Recorder George Scott Surveyor D. Nesbitt Coroner ... W. J. Wright Assessor G. L. Thornton Agricultural Ageht D. Mawhorter Health Officer ....F. H. Hemphill COMMISSIONERS District No. 1 H. W. Marble District No. 2 —Bert Amsler District No. 3 Charles Welch Commissioners* court meets the first Monday of each month. COUNTY BOARD EDUCATION Trustees Township Grant Davisson Barkley Burdett Porter Carpenter Benj. F. laFevre .Gillam George Parker Hanging Grove Julius Huff Jordan Alfred Duggleby Kankakee Clifford Fairchild Keener Charles W. Postil! ...Marion Charles C. Wood Milroy John Rush Newton Walter Harrington Union John F. Petet Walker John Bowie Wheatfield M. L. Sterrett, Co. Superintendent C. M. Sands, Truant officer.

EDWARD P. HONAN ATTORNEY AT LAW Law, Abstracts, Real Estate Loan*. Will practice In all the courts. Offloe over O’Riley’s bakery. Rensselaer, Indiana. _ George A. Williams D. Delos Deaal WILLIAMS & DEAN < LAWYERS All court matters promptly attended to. Estates settled. Wills prepared. Farm Loans. Insurance. Collection*. Abstracts of title made and examined. Office in Odd Fellows’ Block Rensselaer, Indiana. JOHN A. DUNLAP LAWYER (Successor to Frank Folta) Practise in all courts Estates settled Farm loans Collection department Notary in the office Over T. A 8. bank. ’Pnone N* 1* Rensselaer, Indiana. SCHUYLER C. IRWIN LAW, REAL ESTATE A INSURANCE Five per cent Farm Loans Office in Odd Fellows’ Block Rensselaer, Indiana. E. N. LOY ~ PHYSICIAN Office over Murray's department store. Office hours: 10 to 11 and > to i. Evening, 7to S. Phone St. Rensselaer, Indiana. E. C. ENGLISH PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON Opposite the State bank Office ’Phone No. 177 Residence ’Phone No. 177-B Rensselaer, Indiana. F. H. HEMPHILL PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON Special attention given to typhoid, J>a«nmonia and low grades of fever. Office over Fendig’s drug stor—’Phones: Office No. 442; Kes. No. 441-E. Rensselaer, Indiana. R A. TURFLER OSTEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN Graduate American School of Osteo* athy. Post-graduate American School of Osteopathy under the founder. Dr. A. T. StllL Office hours: 1-12 a. m.; 1-1 p. as. Tuesdays and Fridays at Monticello, Indiana.. Office 1-2 Murray building Rensselaer, Indiana. DR. W. E. RUSSELL Veterinarian Telephone 443 Rensselaer, Ind.

Jasper Reduction Co ' REED * REED, Props. If you lose any livestock, notify us and we will send for the carcass promptly. We also take old, crippled or diseased animals off your hands. Telephone 9OG-I or 17-Black. i SAY IT WITH! I FLOWERS | HOLDEN GREEN HOUSE J PHONE 426.