Jasper County Democrat, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 2 January 1902 — Page 2

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alons number ' 2.772,406, or 2p more than were engaged In all tba other ware of the ctwntry _ It was In this great string's for the Wsrvatlon of the union mat Indiana Are not edleus nor tlLfimel if made to Tarlfy histerioal facta Ihdlar.a, with a population In 1861 of 1, 356,42* furnished to tte union armies >06,16? volunteers, while New York, the “Empire state,” with a population of 1*0,7*. furnished 467.047. When to havs equaled India: > she should ha vs furnished 7*1,096. To extend such comparisons wauld serve gtlll further to demonstrate that Indiana, considering populatlan, stood In ths rank of par asnt. of soldiers tp population sent to the front, exceeding In per cent, all the New England states, as also New York. New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Ohio. If Indiana Is boastful, as she has a right to be,

syrup, lTß9M64pounds?^Pß»ra|2Sg?*WsS 133,666 gallons of milk. 21.966 T **B|®^w**» Of butter, 1,083,403 pounds of oh Hyffilyßjt TC3 dozens of poultry, 35.0uA76 OUl |iffi|2Kx? *Cf« and 4,631,477 pounds of W d.'tlon to theae Items there farms and their products to b«f V f3*h3*Ssfi!S of which there are no stall?* K , v able but deserving a plac>Ml ccir a totals of production oUj*i all going to dem nstr® cultural Interest of Indßßß* AND SAIL^ other enterprises and n% , u •- WT the ascendency. 'V’y*" c ' r< 1 * “Then what of the fanaa ths to „ ave Uona InquireT . that har patriotAnd what's the respoaßuce of the great from the fields, M also of New Where the eun and the i%j which admit of conspire v ke her place forTo make the earth prot that ahe yields? j The voice of the wheat, rouna ’ of the corn, t Indiana are InMellifluous as the song* e, n of their state *■" *>««“ heard la ®« t-They know that dlluvUui storm, a _ Saying: Seed time and*’ * nd froln eaat ‘ come with the y«a*tß® one vaßt Willie Ood's covenant mowground; that the clouds adorn. ‘everywhere • uaWhlle the rivers shall t* W y wind that yto the sea, drums The song of the wheat an __ the corn. » <»lUng *non to Rehearsing Jehovah's etc*® 3 that enlUtShall hush Into silenca B— Infantry, 173.alarms artillery, 10,986 By extolling ths blessing® ? or l ermß °? and farms." hr three years, . . 1,842; for nine Manufacturers. 4.032: for iw During recent years rapid strides In manuf* t^lrty * ia3r3 ’ prises, and U becoming ishs d men , but In a manufacturing state, tkblch challenges sense that the product tythe way of bouneqnals the product of lta f may be said that the f®rm ueeselessly „ ow _ tory mutually aid the stat«nt were not for•f progress and prosperity., women, “Uod factory and the farm in clt go round forpromotes the welfare of tt* the men who and achieves the largest mes all their gifts oees attainable. Manufactut population, and, therefore demand for food product* L farms supply. J Growth of In I*lo ninety years e v-- wSsk'

Indiana's First State House at Corydon.

JONATHAN JENNINGS, First Governor of Indiana.

and services to the soldiers could bo known and recorded, it would be a contribution to history which would attract the attention of angels. Gifts and Services. Ths total of Indiana's contributions, as recorded by William Henry Smith, In his "History of Indiana” amounted to *26,885,712, as follows: Paid by counties, townships, cities and towns for the relief of soldiers' families .... > 4,366,36* 00 Paid for bounties 15,492,876 00 Paid for miscellaneous military purposes 136,966 00 Stats appropriations for relief of families 1,646,809 00 Contributed to sanitary commission 606,670 00 Paid by the etate and charged to the United States 4.373,593 00 Total 226.555.712 00 There stands Indiana, look at her, contemplate her grandeur! She was inclined to achieve greatness from her infancy. She grew stately and strong like the "brave old oak” until, In 1865, she was the moat stately tree that embellished the national landscape from the Pine Tree state to the Golden Gate, or to change the figure, the most luminous star that flamed upon the blue field of our national flag, a subject for an epic, such as Homer did not have when he marshaled the gods of Greece to destroy Troy—a state the deeds of whose sens are to live In story when a thousand years are gone—deeds-that are written as “with an Iron pen and lead In the rock forever,” as Imperishable as the etsrnal hills.

The State s Part. But It Is eminently proper in thli connection to permit a distinguished soldier of Indiana to recite the part Indiana played In the civil war. "On the 4th of July, 1868,” says William H. Smith, "the flags of Indiana's soldiers were presented to Governor Morton to be deposited In the state house at Indianapolis. The presentation address was made by Gen. Lew Wallace, who, among other things said: "Three of our regiments took part In the first battle of the war, while another. In view of the Rio Orande. fought Its last battle. The Twenty-first regiment was the first to ‘ land In New Orleans. The Thirteenth first waved the stripes and stars over Ft. Fisher. The Seventy-ninth first showed the flag at Mission Ridge. Two Indiana regiments helped storm Ft. McAllister near Savannah. Another was among the first in the assaulting line at Ft. Fisher. Another Indiana regiment, converted into engineers, built all of Sherman’s bridges from Cattanooga to Atlanta and from Atlanta to the sea and from the sea northward. Indiana regiments were In the battle of Pea Ridge, Mo. Three regiments were with McClellan. five were engaged in the salvation of Washington, five were with Burnside at Fredericksburg, five were at Chancellorsville and six were almost annihilated at Gettysburg. One regiment of infantry marched nearly 10,000 miles, fighting as It went. Four regiments were with Sheridan when he swept the Shenandoah valley, and five regiments wfre under Grant in the Wilderness, at Laurel Hill, at Spotsylvania, at Po river, at North Ann river, at Bethesda church, at Cold Harbor, In front of Petersburg, at Clover Hill and down to Appomattox, where Lee surrendered. At Shiloh.

" ‘At Shiloh Indiana had thirteen regiments; at Vicksburg, twenty-four; at Stone River, twenty-five; at Chickamaugi, twenty-seven. From Chattanooga to Atlanta Indiana had fifty regiments. Twenty-five of these went with Gherman to the sea and twenty-five were with Thomas in the battle of Nash-

vlUs, when Hood's army was annihilated. Of ths 206.367 soldiers contributed to the civil war by Indiana, 6,817 wore killed In battle and died of wounds and 19,392 died of disease, a total of >4.406 who responded to the call of their country and gave up their lives on a hundred fields of cam ago to save the union.' ’* Pension*. Patriots of an early period In the history of the republic sang: "Let independence be your boast. Ever mindful what It cost." What it Cost In blood. In sacrifices and suffering, from Lexington, along all the track of gloom and glory, to Eutnw Springs and back to Torktown. cannot be known nor conceived. And now the song should be: "Let the union be our boast. Ever mindful what It cost." No statistician will ever give the cost of the union In the blood that was shed, in the lives that were offered up. In the sacrifices that were made and In the suffering that was endured during the four years of war, from Bull Run to Appomatox, nor will It be known till the seals are broken and the books of the final Judgment reveal their secrets —a war In which 61,362 were killed In battle and 34,727 died of their wounds, while 159.287 died of disease, a total of 279,376. But the cost of the union In money may be approximated. The expenditures by the general government exceeded >2,000,000.000 and the amount expended by the loyal .states la bounties amounted to 2285,941.066. In addition to such sum total the government. In Its vast expenditures for pensions. Is still paying the cost of the union, which from 1866 to 1900 for the army and navy amounted to 22.528.273,044, which, together with fees and salaries, swells the sum total to 22.615,366.785, and the cost of the union Is still mounting up at the rate of more than 2150,000,000 a year.

How Stand* Indiana? In this connection the question Is forced—How stands Indiana? And the answer Is, that as a pension state, according to population, she stands at ths head of all the states of the nnlon. It has been stated that Indiana furnished 208,367 soldiers for ths civil war, and 183.881 survived Its perils. Death has been busy thinning the ranks of these survivors at the rate of about 2,13 per cent, for twenty-five years, leaving 61.921 still marching, to ths muffled drum beats of their hearts, to their final discharge. But It Is shown at the pension office that there are 65,938 Indiana pensioners on the rolls. Of these 6,767 are widows, leaving 59,161 veterans the wards of the government, who fought to save the union. These Indiana pensioners cost the government In 1691 210.164.648. and the amount represents approximately the averago yearly payments since 1865, twenty-six years. Therefore, up to date, Indiana veterans have received as their share of the cost of the union >264.332,518. The question arises, how long will the government be required to pay pensions

First Home of The Indianapolis Sentinel, Corner Missouri and Maryland.

to Indiana soldiers, veterans of the civil war? The question cannot be answered. Of the pensioners of the revolution, after the lapse of 123 years, five widows and seven daughters were on the pension roils. Of the war of ISI2 there wore three veterans and 2,407 widows receiving pensions eighty-three years after the close of the war. And It Is safe to say that long before the nation celebrates the centennial of Lee's surrender at Appomattox the pension account of Indiana's civil war veterans will have been finally closed, and the cost of the union will be known to the world.

Collins’s Tribute*

And here with eminent propriety may be Introduced the universal epitaph written by William Collina for all soldiers who offer up their lives in the cause of liberty: "Now Sleep the brave who sink to rest By all their country's wishes blest! When spring, with dewy fingers cold. Returns to deck their hallowed mould. She then will dress a sweeter sod Than fancy’s feet have ever trod. "By fairy hands their ltnell is run*. By forms unseen their dirge is sung; Then honor comes, a pilgrim gray, To bless the turf that wraps their clay. And freedom shall awhile repair To dwell a weeping hermit there.” The Soldiers' Monument - Borne men. and they are not few, would like to live forever. As this is not the order of nature, they resort to all sorts of devices to perpetuate their names and their deeds and many of them have succeeded much better than great warriors qr great monarchs. There are exceptions, but the rule Is still In force. During the civil war Indiana produced warriors of renown. Their names and deeds are preserved in history. But what of the "rank and file"--the common soldiers —the men who carried the musket, did the fighting, won the victories and saved the union? Their names are on the muster rolls. They are k'iown to fame only In the aggregate—“the army.” This fact was appreciated by Indiana. She built them a monument. Boundlessly generous and as patriotic aa liberal, she resolved that. If she could not rescue the names of her soldiers from oblivion, she could and would perpetuate their deeds. She put her mighty hands into her Rapacious pockets and brought forth sßod--000. and, as if in response to the commands of some tutelary deity, the monument rose 263 feet high, the grandest memorial of the heroism of the rank and file of armies the wirld has ever seen. It is appropriately built of Indiana stone, and will stand, unless overthrown by seismic convulsions, for a thousand years. Bhakspeart' says there are “sermons in stones”— something more than a fancy, for the Indiana soldiers’ monument will preach sermons on patriotic themes to rising generations until the nations "beat their swords into ploughshares And their spears into pruning hooks," and "learn war no morn”

FRUIT OF INDIANA

INTERESTING DISCUSSION OP HORTICULTURE OP BTATS. Fruit Growing Seen by Warder W. Stevena, President of Btate Horticultural Boclety. By Warder W. Stevens, President of State Horticultural Society. There la no truer saying than that "we know less abou* the things near us than those far away.” The poesibllltles of horticulture in Indiana are simply wonderful when ws begin seriously to study the question of fruit growing. There Is ro fruit except the citrus or tropical varieties that caryiot be grown within her borders with some degree of satisfaction and profit. 'TIs true there are portions of Delaware and Georgia that are now producing more buehcls of peaches than we are; the ozark regions of Missouri and csntral Illinois more apples, but not because they can do It either better or more cheaply, but because these lands have been "boomed" by capitalists, railroads and land agents for all they are worth. Even granting that special crop* can be grown In certain localities to the very highest state of perfection only goes to prove that those are special purpose states, while Indiana is an all-purpose horticultural state.

Necessary to Bucc*ss. There are a few absolutely necessary conditions to make commercial orcharding a success: theso are cheap lands, nearness to largs rivers or lakes, air drainage, suitable soils and market facilities. The more of these essential conditions that can be combined the more profitable will be the venture along horticultural lines. AH up and down the Ohio river there are to be found cheap lands with soils especially adapted to ths growing of tree fruits and small fruits as well In the central part of the state, with Brown county as a center, we find cheap hill lands where most all kinds of fruit can be grown abundantly and profitably. The lake regions of the North are bound to develop some profitable fruit industry when directed aright. Theae lands will only remain cheap until enterprising horticulturists discover their possibilities. Observant horticulturists havs always known that hill or knob land was best suited to orcharding—that fruit "hit” oftener and was of better quality than In the valley or flat lands. They discovered that cold, damp air flows down hill as readily as water, and where the hills are cut Into by frequent ravines, gulches or valleys the cold air Is quickly drawn off the hill tops, the surface Is quickly drained end the loss from late frosts or winter heaving is reduced to the mini-

mum and annual crops may be expected with a fair degree of certainty If the orchard receives proper attention. Most of our low, flat lands are highpriced because they produce th* cereal crops most profitably, but alluvial soils do not contain the mineral elements of plant food in right proportion to give us satisfactory fruit crops. But when w# go to the clay lands of the hilltops and slopes w* find full compensation for what once was thought to be the niggardliness of nature. Here we have th* conditions necessary to grow the finest fruits the country produces. Southern Indiana produced the apples that carried off the honors at the recent world's fair at Paris. It was Indiana fruit that captured the best premiums at the Buffalo exposition the past season. We were told recently by the largest handler of fruit in the state that Illinois and Missouri might boast of their fine red apples. but Indiana grows redder and better ones. California might grow larger fruit but lt was Inferior In quality and looks when compared with the best produced In the Hoosler state.

Lack of Fruit.

While we can produce the very best of fruit to be found' In the country we don't grow lt In sufficient quantity to even meet home demands, for during the past ten years over $10,000,000 have gone to other states for fruits of various kinds. What we need is a boom along hortlcul-

WARDER W. BTEVENS.

tural lines- When we stop this leak of over f 1,000,000 annually that w« pay for fruits that are not as good aa we can grow, and add to it 31,000,000 or *2.000,000 of export fruit, then, and not till then, will Indiana take her Just rank, which is as the grandest horticultural atata in the union. But Individual effort will be long in bringing about this desirable result Tbs

W. T. DU RBIN, Present Govern or of Indiana.

Story of Marbelous Progress Told in History of State

It would have taken a wiser man than any of our forefathers to have prophesied that, at the ocglnnlng of the twentletn century, the little area In the middle West, compassed by the boundary lines of Indiana would have been stripped of wild forests, divested of savagery and changed os by a conjurer’s strategem Into one of the most perfectly cultivated and advanced commonwealths of the western world. Men still llvs who knew much of this region as a wilderness of wood and plain. Less than eighty years ago the very spot where the majestic capltol of Indiana holds Its stately head proudly high among the capitols of the earth was little more than a trading post In a primitive expanse hardly reclaimed from savage domination. Men who have participated In and have been close observers of the marvelous developments that, year by year, have been unfolded to their gaze, have scarcely realized the vast Importance Indiana has been assuming In the realm of commerce and Industry and In all human arts and employments. Those most deeply concerned In t e state's material progress, even up to the past two decades, could no have foretold that today Indiana would rank sixth among the agrlcultur states of the nation, fifth In manufactures, fourth In literature and education. second In electric railroads, and occupy the highest place In many of the best elements of present-day proficiency. • • • • This edition affords a birdseye view of Indiana and its capital, showing not only its material conditions and resources, but all that goes to make up the life of its people, industrially, socially, educationally, etc. No •me can read these pages without having a better appreciation of the neatness of Indiana. Us opportunities for living and its wonderful possibilities for the future. No other state can claim more or greater advantages for the development and sustenance of a noble, free and happy people. Its history is a story of wonderful expansion on symmetrical lines ana the century of past effort, so rich in results. Is but an earnest >f what the present century may unfold. Probably the most sanguine predictions would fall short of the reality of a hundred years hence, for the P°“‘billties of great achievments In the arts and Industries are Incalculable. Practically everything that pertains to the modern civilization of Indiana was accomplisned during the nineteenth century. All back of that period Is chiefly Interesting as historical reminiscence. The state has thus entered upon a new epoch with the prestige of a previous century of remark- : able Improvement—a period that has transformed a practically uninhabited region into a great commonwealth, vivified by Industry and representing American civilization In its most progressive phases. !'« • • • Indianapolis did not become a great city by any process of, organlo evolution. There was. in fact, nothing to distinguish the site of this city from hundreds of other tracts In the dense forest. Its rapid growth to ’ Its present high distinction was brought about by the vigilance and acute ’ foresight of Its citizens. Its record of Increase has been astonishing: In ' 1840 the population was 2.693; In 1860. S.C9I; In 1860. IS.6U: In 187 a 48,244. ■ln 1880, 75.044; In I*9o. 106,436; In 1900. 169,164. During the past decade the ‘ ratio of growth was 60.4 per cent., or greater than that of any other of the ’ larger cities of the country during the same period. Indianapolis Is now the largest Inland city In the United State.; tt la ’ the chief railroad center of the middle West; lta manufacturing. Jobbing : - nd retail trades, as described In this edition, present a record of sub- • stantial prosperity not equaled by any similar community In this country : - aretao • over *1,000,000 for every day in the year; It 1. one of «*• be* built «d • most attractively laid out cltiee In the country and enJo>« the appellation : oT the cTy of homes,” It is, next to Boston, the largest capital city In ■ the United States. .... ► Th , enterprise that has developed the resources of Indiana must not ' * nor , P 9lt HkeVy to. but It must be remembered that material pros- : 235 u oilv an aid to better conditions of life. To secure a fair disl tributlon of the advantages wealth can produce; to educate the people, ► to Inculcate moralltv; to preserve the love M liberty; to secure good ,nu equal government which shall be pure and honest; to mak,th ®°® > l portunltles oi life easier am* better for all the people-these are th* things ► to b« sought for. ’ k Th* people of Indiana are a sturdy race with sturdy qualities, unique In ► tome respect* and free from *ome evils that prevail In other sections. ► yhey nave *olved many problem* In the past and they will *olv* those • t h- future. The generations of the twentieth century can do no better » than to follow In the footstep# of their predecessors of the nineteenth. - seeking the same objects and being Imbued with the lame spirit. - ' eekln * tno salno JOHin w. RYCKMAN. ► Indianapolis. Jfyi. L 1902-

development of horticulture In Indiana has been a long continued struggle with little or no state aid. Most of our oldest and best workers have given their long life, time, money and energy to the cause and are now poor. We have their experience. and to a great extent It is no longer experimental. We now need state aid as a necessity to place this experience with every one who owns land that Is adapted to fruit growing. Many newer states devote yearly fair amounts for the furtherance of horticulture. Michigan, with nearly half her domain yet covered with the original forest, appropriates *4.000 yearly to horticulture, and even the bllizard-beswept states of the northwest, where only small fruits can be successfully grown, make liberal appropriations annually to the cause. Our last legislature appropriated *I,OOO for the use of the State horticultural society. It ought to be made *4,000 or *6,000 by the next general assembly. Through the enterprise of the State horticultural society Indiana now has the only experimental farm In the world devoted -to the Improvement of the apple, the leader of all fruits. Hera the work of originating new varieties is being carried on in rather a small Way, of course, for lack of funds, but this f*rm is being watched carefully by leading horticulturists all over the world. anU great things are expected from it. Another thing we need is more local horticultural societies, extending out Into sucsi parts of the state where fruit f&rmijfel could be made profitable. By these iNfinlxation* there would be an awakenfnrf to the possibilities of Indiana as a horticultural state, our fruit products would be greatly multiplied and millions [of dollars annually added to her income. IMeanwhile. it Is our duty, as well as it tshould be our highest aims as horticulturists, to go ahead in all lines of progIress, letting our light shine into "the

dark places” as much as possible, be ever on the alert In our profession and hope for that reward that comes from good Intentions and good works, superinduced by good and unselfish motives.

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