Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 December 1894 — Page 4

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER" 12. 1894.

INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. BY TKE INDIANAPOLIS SENTINEL CO. (Entered at the Poitofflt at Indian polls as second class matter.)

TERMS PER TEAR llnffle cop (la Advance) ft OO IV ask demoern t to bear In mind tnd select their own state paper rhea they eome to (nice subscript tlona and make np rlnba. Agent making np clubs send for any Information desired. Addreaa TUB I.DIAXAPOLIS SKNTHEL, Indianapolis, Intl. WEDNESDAY, DKCEMHEIl 12, 1S9 1. SECRETARY CARLISLE'S IIAX. The currency plan submitted by Secretary Carlisle Involves a very complete revolution of our present currency system, and much more. Its contemplated results are as follows: 1. The retirement cf all national bank currency, and the abandonment of the deposit of national bonds with the government as security for bank notes of any kind. 2. The issue of circulating notes by national banks, or banks organized under state laws, under fixed conditions, to the amount of 73 per cent of their paid-up capital. Thus, If a bank is organized with a paid-up capital of 11,000,000', it may issu notes to the amount of $750.Hrf). but it must deposit with the national treasury greenbacks or other United States paper currency to the amount of $223,000 as a guarantee for the redemption of the $700,000 of notes issued. The stockholders of national banks will be individually liable as at present to the fuU amount cf stock owned. The stockholders of state banks will be liable, to the tame extent, "for the redemption of its circulating notes." In all banks the circulating notes will be a first lien on the entire assets of the bank. A tax of one-half of 1 per cent, will be imposed annually on the circulation of national banks. On all banks a tax will be imposed in proportion to circulation until a safety fund of 5 per cent, is secured on the entire circulation, and when any bank fails its notes will be at once redeemed from this fund. 3 No national bank b to issue- notes of less than $10. 4. No restriction i3 to be placed on the increase or decrease of national bank circulation. 5. No bank is required to hold any reserve for the protection of depositors. 6. The secretary cf the treasury may retire United States currency to the amount cf 70 per cent, of all outstanding bank currency. These are the important points of the scheme. The bank notes proposed would apparently be safe, unless indeed banks should fail so rapidly as to exhaust the "safety fund." and even then the first lien on the entire assets and the personal liability of stockholders make it improbable that the owner of a bank note could ever fail to have it redeemed. But these notes are not legal tender?, and the government U not responi-ible for them except, of course, as to the trust funds held by It for their protection. Does this plan furnish an expansive currency? At first thought one says, "Yes an enormously expansive one." But on exam ination it will be seen that the expansion depends entirely on the secretary cf the treasury, for in addition to the 30 per cent, of circulation deposited by the banks he is entitled to retire 70 per cent, in United States currency. So long as he desires to exercise this power the issue of bank notes would not increase the total circulation at all but merely change it from United Slates currency to bank notes, to the amount of 70 per cent, of the total bank notes issued. But most important is the question. What effect would thiß system have on banking? The noteholders are safe enough, but how about the depositors? Taking such a bank as we have used for illustration above, the depositor knows that there are outstanding $323,000 of bank notes, unsecured except by their first lien on the assets of the bank, and in state banks the first claim against the individual property of the stockholders. The depositor has nothing to look to but what is left after the noteholders are satisfied. There is no reserve for his protection. Will business men be inclined to deposit with banks of issue? Will intelligent bankers be inclined to issue so long as deposits usually far exceed the amount they can issue ? And in case of any symptoms of panic, or rumors of weakness of a bank, will not the depositors run on a bank of issue much more quickly than on other banks? It would eem that this system would be certain to increase deposits in safety vaults and old atockir.gs, and, therefore, a real reduction of the circulation. We venture the assertion that the most earnest champions, of this system among bankers will be the very ones who would not iäsue notes under it. . It is probable that the presentation of the currency question at this time will bring out a very full consideration of it In every aspect, and it is to be hoped that good will result from it. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. The message of the president is a plain, traighf orward statement of the business of the government for the past year, and of its present condition, together with several Important recommendations. Host important of these Is his Indorsement of Secretary CarlLsle's request for power to issue bonds and the adoption of a modified form of "the Baltimore plan" for currency. The former of these is unquestionably a desirable thing, but The Sentinel doubts the wisdom and safety cf ther latter. Mr. Cleveland says that it "may be usefully amended," and The Sentinel agrees with Urn. As to the tariff question Mr. Cleveland stands exactly where he might have been expected. He favors the passage of the bills for free Iron and free coal, and the removal of the differential duty on refined cugar. It can hardly be doubted that a large majority of the people agree heartily with him on these propositions, and it Is 1 due to them that the democratic party carry out its pledges as soon as possible. Ths special recommendation for the removal cf the extra protection against the sugar et nations that pay aa export bounty

is clearly right. -; The provision is ä viola

tion of our treaty agreement to give. Germany the same commercial' advantages; as the "most f ivored nation," and clearly ustines retaliation by that country. " The president gives- an . unqualified indorsement to fht report of the Pullman investigating committee and recommends to congress a careful consideration of its suggestions. This will of course bring upon him the condemnation of the monopolistic pres3, but it Is right and time will so prove it. The labor question cannot much longer be brushed away as it hi3 been in the Dast. Of minor recommendations there are several that are of interest. That for the prevention of the use of the malls by publishers of cheap novels at newspaper rates is an excellent one, and po Is that for stopping the free transmission of "hundreds of tons of seed and grain uselessly distributed through the department: of agriculture." Better still is the following as to the Indians: I am convinced that the proper solution of the Indian problem and the success of every step taken in that direction depend to a very large extent upon the intelligence and honesty of the reservation agents and the Interest they have in their work. An agent fitted for his place can do much toward preparing the Indians under his charga for citizenship and allotment of their lands, and his advice as to any matter concerning their welfare will not mislead. An unfit agent will make no effort to advance the Indians on hi reservation toward civilization or preparation for allotment of lands in severalty, and his opinion as to their condition In this and other regards Is heedless and valueless. The Indications are thu the detail of army ofllcers as Indian agents will result In improved management on the reservations. It is a striking fact that In both Mr. Cleveland's terms the country has been singularly free from Indian troubles, and the cause of it 13 his hostility to the "concentration policy," which caused nearly all of our modern Indian wars. The suggestion of using army officers for -Indian agents is another step forward. The appointment of civilians t these positions has been demonstrated to be a fruitful cause of trouble and fraud. It is to be hoped that congress will put the suggestion in force. Jill. ECKELVS IDEA. The report of Comptroller Eckels, which outline! the linancial plan submitted by Secretary Carlisle, in a general way, states explicitly that the object of the bank note system is to relieve the United States of the necessity of redeeming paper currency in gold. He says: For a lone; time the chief source of embarrassment to the general government, and the cause of so great uncertainty in business condition of th? country, was the contlnuil danger threatened by the use ma.li uf the treasury issut and the inability when the revenues of the government were inadequate to maintain, except through bond Issues, such a reserve of gold oi.i as is required by law. The current redemption of the legal t'-nder issues a:il the treasury issus under the art of 1K!0. and tha reissuing instead of the cancellation of the same, mu-t always create distrust of th- government's credit abroad and it him? sj long as the liws now upon the statute book remain unelaangM. ' If the franchise is granted the. bmks of Issuing circulating notes agiinst th;-ir assets Instead of against a txnd security, it is suggested that the bank3 in return should recompense the government by relieving the treasury department of the current redemption in coin of the present treasury i3uos. The ultimate redeinptna, of coutve, must fall upon tha government, but the embarrassment does not arts; from their ultimate, but from their current, redemption. The plan of Secretary Carlisle, while not expresjy calling attention to the desirability of making the bank3 furnish gold that may be desired for export, attempts practically the same thing in its provision for retiring United States currency to the extent of the issue of bank notes. The banks alone are responsible for the redemption of their notes, and, if the United States currency is retired, there can, of course, be no call on the United States for any current redemption. Unquestionably It would ba an excellent thing if the national government could in some safe way be relieved of the embarrassment forced upon it by exporting bankers and brokers, and, therefore, the first and most Important question is whether it is possible for the government in any way to escape the responsibility of maintaining the ptrity of different forms of currency In use. The parity must be kept In mind, for it is not to be presumed that anyone deliberately contemplates the establishment of a currency which will not be maintained on a gold basis so long as the country has a gold standard. Indeed, both the great political parties are now under pledge to maintain the parity of all dollars. No intelligent man can fail to see that the real source of the government's present trouble is the necessity of maintaining the gold standard. Its credit money is presented for redemption, and It must be redeemed in gold on demand, or specie payments must be suspended. The only way to g?U,rid of this situition is a retirement of all the credit money. Including silver, of thj government. So long as any of the government's credit money remains In circulation It may be presented at the treasury for gold redemption. But if it be all retired, in what will the banks redeem their notes? There will be nothing left but gold. The total gold in the country, including bullion. Is about $600,000,000. The amount of silver is about the same. The amount of paper currency is close to $1,000,000.000. It is the object of the treasury to hold an amount of gold not . less than $100,000,000. Hence, If the bank note issue were' sufficient to retire the United States currency, we should have $1,000,000,000 of paper money to be redeemed by the banks on demand with a total stock of $500,000.000 of available gold in the country. In other words, the struggle for gold, which la now international, would become a domestic struggle between banks, with the foreign pull on our gold still continuing. In such a condition banks that became pressed would either have to go by the board or withdraw their circulation and let out United States currency to an equal amount. The Sentinel Is unable to see how the national government can possibly escaps the necessity of maintaining specie payments so long as there Is any paper money in existence. This is a necessary Incident of the power of Issuing credit money. The states are prohibited from making any-., thing but gold and silver coin a legal tender for the payment of debts. Tat United

I States has assumed the power to do so.

Hd it must face the consequences. No country ever maintained a paper currency In any other way. Of course, it. Is commonly done through a national bank, but the government mu3t be back of the bank. Th3 power to issue money carries with It the necessity of maintaining it or abandoning it, and this must apply to money Issued directly or indirectly. We should be pleased to have an explanation of how this responsibility can be evaded, either under this plan or any other. EFFECTS OF ISFLATIO. The St. Louis Globe-Democrat utters the following: The government sees the necessity for the retirement of the greenbacks, but it will be hard to get the average western or southern democrat to see it or to consent to It. Still the government is right, and the sooner every greenback is redeemed and canceled the better for the country. Why greenbacks more than any of the other farms of national paper money? Any of them can be used in drawing gold from the national treasury, and that Is what it is desirable to prevent at the present time. But how is this money to bj "redeemed and canceled?" We think there are very few western or southern democrats who would object to that. It ain be redeemed only In gold, and the government would not have enough gold to do that if It had in the treasury every dollar in gold in the country. Tho reason is that the government's paper currency Is nearly twice In amount all the gold In the country. And so long as any of it is I a circulation It con be presented at the treasury for redemption In gold. The rlmple truth Is that the embarrassment of the government results primarily from inflation of its credit, money. For a quarter of a century, under th? pretense of a desire to secure "honest money," the republican party has been inflating the paper currency at an enormous rate. It began with the demonetization of silver, for demonetization of standard money and inflation of credit money are equivalents. If a country has a metallic stock of $100,000,009 and a paper issue of $300.000,000 the effect is the same if you dstroy half of the metallic stock as If yon double the paper issue. That is to say $100,000.000 gold is just as good security for $600,000,000 paper as $30,000,000 gold is for $300.000.000 silver. But more than that, the silver Itself 1s made credit money and added to the burden which the nation has to carry. In addition to this is the increased amount of paper currency for which the government is directly responsible. The total amount of this republican inflation is approximately as follows : Increase of piper currency.. ..$ fiOO.OOO.OOQ Increase by demonetization.... l,OOi),(VK).0')i) Demonetized silver C00,00,003 Total inflation $2.200.000,030 We are now dealing with a condition, and thi eonrüton has been brought about by the republican party under the leadership cf that Jumplng-Jack financier, John Sherman. There is outstanding $1.000,000,000 of paper money to be redeemed in old, and gold is worth twice as much as it was in 1S73. In countries where the principles of government do not change, as in our own, there has been a steady preparation for the extreme pressure for gold that Is an Inevitable result of gold monometallism. In this country the last administration thought it could achieve a reputation by disposing of the accumulated surplus and reducing the gold reserve. Hence the government Ls now obliged to bulk! up its reserves in any possible way or abandon specie piyments. We are entered on the life or death struggle of gold monometallism. The first quarter of a century of demonetization of silver has been one of tremendous and frequent panics. No goldstandard country has escaped them. The strongest gold-standard countries have been terribly shaken by them. No silver standard country has been affected by them, but all silver standard countries, except Argentina, held to the silver standard from the first, and so moved gradually from their relation to the old standard. A sudden change now to a standard of 5?0 per cent, less value would as certainly produce widespread ruin as It did In Argentina. Our only safe course ls to stick to our present standard and fight it out. To do that we should accumulate gold as rapidly as possible, and make our paper currency as safe as possible. It ought to be more elastic, tut it would be suicidal to purchase elasticity by any weakening of the quality of our paper money. If It can be permanently retired, well and good. But it is very difficult to see how it can be retired permanently without actual redemption. The government ought net have assumed the functions of a bank of Issue at least it ought not have issued so much paper money as it has issued. But it has done so, and If It desires to quit It now has to do what every other bank of Issue has to do when It goes out of the business. It cortalnlycannot permanently rid itself of responsibility for its paper Issues by any system of permitting individuals or corporations to issue paper money. FOR ARHITRATIOX. Mr. Springer has introduced a bill for tha creation of a permanent board of arbitration, which would make a very great improvement over our present system. In fact it probably goes as far as it is practical to go at the present time In providing a tribunal for the settlement of labor controversies. It creates, under the department of Justice, a commission of three men. Its Jurisdiction is necessarily limited to , corporations over which the national government has legal Jurisdiction. It acts as a court in deciding all matters in issue so far as they involve legal or equitable rights, and reports on other matters. When possible it is to secure complete determination by conciliation or arbitration. In case of a controversy arising, over which the United States has no Jurisdiction, the commission is empowered to act on request of the legislature, of the state in which it arises, or on request of the governor if the legislature is not in session. The mode of action is simple. The aggrieved party submits to the commission a petition, and the commission gives notice to the party complained of. Th commission

is authorized to proceed with the Investigation, whether an answer is .filed or not but is restricted, as before mentioned, in the final "award, to rights existing in law or in equity. The decision and award are to be filed in any United States court and enforced by the court to the extent of its Jurisdiction. In addition to its powers of investigation on petition the commission b authorized to investigate, 83 its discretion, any labor trouble affecting the public interest, and report to the president the conditions and the best means of adjustment. These provisions are Judicious and sufficient for present purposes, and it is to be hoped that the bill will pass. Its workings will in due time educate the people to a broader and more efficient system for which they are not new prepared.

The Sentinel furnishes Its readers this morning the full text of Senator Turple's able and thoughtful speech on the election of senators by popular vote. Mr. Turpie does not urge th3 arguments most commonly us?d for this reform. He could not very well urge them vto th? senate. But he does show that in accordance with the fundamental principles of government the senate should be selected by the votes of the people. It Is an appeal for the natural and lmrerlshible rights of man. It li a demonstration of the rights of the citizen. We trust that all our readers will give the speech their careful consideration. The reform Is one of vast moment to the people of this country. The Journal makes the following remarkable statement: The president did not recommend the repeal of the differential duty of one-eighth of a cent a pound on' refined sugar, as has been claimed, but the duty of one-tenth of a cent a pound on the sugar imported from countries which pay an export bounty, which shuts out Germany. We make bold to ask what the Journal calls this: So far as the sugar schedule Is concerned, I would be glad, under existing aggravations, to s?e every particle of differential duty in favor of refined sug3r stricken out of our tariff law. It seems impossible- for our neighbor to get straight on anything connected with the sugar question. There are evidences of nn organized effort to force the Nicaragua canal bill through congress at the present session, and the democratic majority can do an excellent service to the country and the party by defeating it. Let us have no more partnerships between the government and individuals in which the government furbishes the money and the individuals receive th? profits. Senate" Turpie has taken the lead again in the fight for election cf United States senators by popular vote. No reform in our constitution:!, system Is more needed or more generally demanded than thL?, and The Sentinel believes it a matter for state pride that an Indiana senator U leading in the movement. The Sentinel holds lhat the imposition of the 10 per cent, .tax on state bank circulation was unconstitutional.'--It also holds that the imp-irtant".q.üesüon now is what form and conditions of currency will best enable the country to endure th pressure of gold, monometallism,' It will be an extremely unfortunate thing for the democratic party if the popgun bills especially the one removing the differential tax from refined sugar be not adopted at this session of congress, and It Is hardly probable that they can be passed without a -cloture nile- ' The fact that the government is called upon to pay $2,000.000 of Pacific railroad bonds ls a very pertinent comment on the Nicaragua canal scheme, and all other similar schemes. Anderson came to the front Wednesday with another new factor' the colled hoop works opened for work. Keep moving along, neighbor. The new tariff law is here for business If Senator WLshard. presents another such "fair apportionment" as' he did two years ago the senators will probably faint. And the indications are that-Yishard-will boss the Job. The first bill introduced in congress was for free coinage. It is hardly necessary to say that it will not pass. Let the legislation favorable to the sugar trust be repealed, and at once. fERSONALS. Queen Margaret of Italy Is to receive a costly gift. The Veloce club of Milan has decided to give her a golden bicycle. "Gyp," the writer of sensational novels, is Mme. de Martle. She is forty-four years old, was born in Brittany, and ls a greatniece of Mlrabeau. Dr. Edward Housllek.muslcal critic for the Vienna Neue Freie Press?, who is seventy years old, ls about to retire on a pension from his professorship of musical history at the Vienna university, wtiere he has lectured since 1856. He continues his work on the newspaper to which he owes his fame. Since 1873 Alma Tadema, who In that year took out letters of naturalization, has lived in England. It is not surprising that the artist should have shaken the dust of his native country from his feet, considering that professors of the art schools of Holland denied him admission for want of talent and he was driven to Antwerp. Dr. Fordmer of Camden, N. J., was cleaning his teeth when the bristles of his brush became loosened and some of them slipped down his throat A specialist succeeded In removing a few, but the rest were beyond his reach, and since that time, in March last, the doctor suffered from a weakening cough. A week or two ago he was taken with pneumonia, and quickly succumbed to the disease. Bishop Wilmer of ' Louisiana once had a talk with a baptist minister who insisted that there were several places in the bible where immersion was unquestionably referred to. "Yes," ' replied the bishop, "I recall two such Instances where there can be no doubt as to the mode: one Is where Pharaoh and his host were immersed in the sea, and the other where the Gadarene pigs were drowned in the deep." Mme. Nordica confesses that she expects to marry Herr Doeme, the tenor of the Paris Grand opera house, next spring. The tenor Is coming over at that time, and Mme. Nordica Is desirous that the wedding shall take place . In this country. This Is Mme. Nordlca's second venture, and the public trusts that she will be more successful with her tenor than Lillian Russell has been with Johnny Chatterton. When the faculty of th University of Virginia asked ' Governor O'Ferrall to go to the foot ball game he shook his head gravely and replied that he had doubts of

his right to do so, as the governor is pot permitted to Itneiu a prize fight. After the purposes cf the game were explained to him. his objections were overcome, and he put on the Virginia colors, only requesting that the boys should keep wtlhtn the limits of the constitution. Verdi, the composer was eighty years old the 13th day of last month, and on that day he announced that he had laid aside his pen and would do no more work. It is not to be supposed that Verdi has lost his powers of composition, for his later works show surprising virility and freshness of thought, but it is conceded that he has earned the right to retire with the highest honors. Seldom It is that a man of eighty can say that he stops life work with the full vigor of intellect and ability. Gen. Franz Slgel celebrated his seventieth birthday a few days ago at his home In Mott Haven. He received a large number of letters and telegrams, among others a letters from h!s old companion In the German revolution of IMS and in the civil war here, Carl Schurz. The general is in good health, considering his long and active life. Many friends and comrades have urged the general to publish his memoirs, for which he has ample and Interesting material, and he is engaged on them now. He can throw much light on some events of the war. Eliza Archibald Connor has been talking to tho Professional woman's league on the subject of "Organization for Women." One thing that stands in Its way, - she claims, is the "vile, wretched, devilish caste spirit." This ls the monster that "makes us turn away with a cold sneer from our sister women, even though she ls ten tlmea more brainy and handsome than we, if she does not belong to our set" For woman's mercilssness Mrs. Connor has no sympathy. "We plunge the knife into another's living, quivering, shrinking souls as ruthlessly as the surgeon puts his scalpel Into a corpse." These are a few of the reasons why women do not succeed as a body of reformers. .

OUTSiDE CP. IONS When the Ideal tariff Is enacted it will be strictly a tariff for revenue and not a tariff for tribute. .The first idea of tariff taxes and the last should be the necessity of the government for revenue; th per cent, then of the taxes Imposed would be the per cent of protection and it would be incidental to the necessities of the government. There would be no tribute in this. The necessities of the government for revenue would always be equal to the difference between the rates of wages and the interest of money in our own country and in most of the countries that compete for our markets. Cleveland Plain Dealer. During the tariff debate in the senate last summer Senator Sherman declared that sugar can be produced more cheaply in this country thin in Europe notwithstanding the difference in the cist of labor here and there; and there is no doubt he was right. It is really because of the higher wages paid here that sugar can be produced cheaper Just as iron and other products can. owing to the greater producing power of well-paid operatives. Senator Sherman was not the only republican wlu took this ground and he and his associates ourht to render valuable assistance in meeting the bluff of the sugar trust. Detroit Free Press. Th? establishment of such a permanent (strike) commission would doubtless be capable, if vested with sufficient power, of exerting a beneficent influence in averting and settlirg disputes which have so often caused incalculable loss to the community, and in fixing tho responsibility where it belongs in case of a failure to come to an amicable agreement. It is doubtful whether the presci.t congress will take positive action on the recommendation of the arbitration congress, but it Is a subject which may we.l engag the most careful consid eration of the new congress when it convenes a year hence, and it is one which is destined to press with over-increasing urgency for solution. Freeman's Journal. Thomas F. Bayard was not, in the Eagle's opinion, honored" by being called to the chairmanship of the Scottish charitable corporation in London at their two hundred and thirtieth anniversary. At least, he was not "honored" for any of the reasons current In Great Britain. Those reasons are given about as follows: "Earl?, marquises, dukes and even royalty have been intrusted with the function which the American ambassador fulfilled on Friday night" The function may have honored the other fellows, but the fist which most f them made of the function compared with the moral beauty and intellectual elevation of Mr. Bayard's action In it makes the English remark most Infelicitous to American minds. Brooklyn Eagle. What Is needed ia some moderate and conservative measure which will give full and free opportunity for all honest and eff i c.ive discussion, but will put a peremptory stop to the proceedings of a filibustering minority which may want to check legislation indefinitely. The truth is that the present parliamentary ruleä of the senate, while nominally permitting free discussion, actually stifle the spirit of real debate and reduce the deliberative proceedings to a talking match against time. The adoption of some reasonable method of limiting debate should tend, logically, to revive it. Such a measure would at least restore to the senate some of the dignity and public confidence which It now lacks. Chicago Itecord. Hence the circulation provided for bv Mr. Carlisle's national bank scheme, exclusive of gold and silver, circulation, would be $1,021,500,000, less government redemptions, which amount to little. In the place of $707.000.000 ($r00.000,000 government paper and $207,000,000 national bank notes), an Increase of $314.500,000. This would afford ample elasticity for year3 to come and would remedy the more aggravated currency evils. But this multiplication of schemes in the secretary's report suggests once more that the whole subject should be referred to a monetary commission. If Mr. Carlisle can invent such a number how many more can several hundred congressmen invent, to the confusion of mind and the prevention of action? N. Y. World. We have over $SOO,000,000 of paper in circulation today that is redeemable in gold, although a large portion of it calls only for the payment of silver dollars in Its redemption, but tho stability of business as well as a reasonable construction of the law, requires that the government sh2ll maintain at parity Its gold and silver issues, and that requires- the redemption of our silver notes in gold when demanded by the holder. This Impracticable financial system makes it impossible for the government to maintain a gold reserve nifficlent to inspire absolute faith in. its credit. It is at the mercy of speculative combines which may at any time drain the treasury of its gold, compel the issue of bonds to resupply it, and then again Immediately draw it out of the treasury. This cannot continue indefinitely without peril to the business interests of the country, and the present session of congress should adopt some safe, conservative measure that would cause no convulsion In business or finance, and that would gradually end the government a.s a banker, and give the people a perfectly safe and ample circulating medium. Philadelphia Times. None of the advocates of government control or ownership of the Nicaragua canal satisfactorily explain how they are going to avoid the prohibition of such control or ownership in the Clayton-Bulwer treaty of 1S50. The subject of this treaty is the relations of Great Britain and the United States to any canal the Nicaragua canal eFpecially which should be cut across Central America, to make a way for shlp3 from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In that treaty both powers agree that the projected canal Bhall be a neutral highway, and pledge themselves to maintain this neutrality. The . United States promises that it will not "obtain or maintain for Itself any exclusive control over the said ship canal" nor acquire "any rights or advantages In regard to commerce or navigation through the said canal" which the citizens of Great Britain do not possess, and Great Britain makes the same promises of abstention-on her part. In addition bothNpartles promise that neither will blockade the canal in time of war against the other and neither will capture It Both powers promise co-Jolntly to protect the Interests of the canal builders and the canal itself, and to keep It open as an unobstructed waterway for the commerce of the world. Springfiel 1 Republican. -

PEOPLE TALKED ABOUT.

JVhn M. Ward, who recently retired from the base ball field, was one of the best known playera In the country He JOSS M. WARD. resigned his position as manager and captain of the Xew York base ball club, and In the future will devote his time to the practice of law. Ward was born In Bellefonte Pa, thirty-four years ago. After a few years in the district schools he attended the Pennsylvania state college. On the college team he played third base. In 1S76 he mastered the art of curve pitching and became famous as a pitcher. He has held positions of note in some of the leading clubs of the United States. He was captain of the Ail-American team which with the Chicago nine made the famous tour of the world in 1S89. The exmanager is a graduate of the Columbia law school. j Just at the present time the sultan of Turkey ls attracting universal interest from all parts of the world owing to the ABDUL-HAMID. massacre, by his sanction, of 6,000 to 10,000 Christians in Armenia. In 1876 he succeeded his brother, Murad V., who was deposed because of insanity. Abdul Hamid is an absolute autocrat and when he nods assent to any measure proposed, It is equivalent to the promulgation of the irade, which allows no discussion or criticism and is never recalled. While he does not hesitate to have thousands of men, women and children butchered to ensure his own comfort and safety, and the collection. of taxes, he lives in constant fear of secret assassination. John A. Stewart, pponsor of a great syndicate, who organized the purchase of the most recent bond issue of $30,000,000, JOH.V A. 8TEWAKT. is seventy-two years of age. His early education he received In the public schools of Xew York, and he was graduated from Columbia college when ha was eighteen years old. For ten years he was clerk of the New York board of education. Then he accepted a position as actuary of the United States life Insurance association, with which he remained eleven years. In 1854, when Assistant United States Treasurer Cisco vacated the office, Mr. Stewart was chosen by President Lincoln to fill it, which he did, discharging his duties with skill and ability. He has for many years been president of the United States trust company, an! under his care the business of the company has grown to its present great proportions. The robbing of the National shoe and leather bank of New York of $354,000 by Samuel C. Seely, for fourteen years a a C. 8EELY. bookkeeper in the bank. In whom unbounded confidence was placed, was one of the greatest sensations In financial circles In recent years. Samuel C. Seely was a prominent Brooklyn church member, has a wife and two children and enjoyed the respect of all who knew him. He is a weak-minded man, however, and In an evil hour, either intentionally or unintentionally allowed his friend, a lawyer named Baker, who committed suicide since the exposure, to overdraw his account. From that time on he was completely In Baker'a power, not daring to expose him for fear of prosecution, and for nine years Baker drew money weekly until it has amounted to $354,000. The swindle was only discovered when a new system of bookkeeping was Introduced in the bank. Seely has disappeared from public sight. George Du Maurier, who for nearly thirty years has been famous as an artist, is now known the world over as a novelOEa DU MAURICE. 1st. His latest serial, "Trilby," has placed him Irt the front rank of great fiction writers. . Du Maurier was born In Paris In 1834, and educated In the French capital, in London, Belgium and the Netherlands. Early In life he passed six years In New York City, returning to London In 1855. For many years ha has .been a regular contributor to Punch, and In that paper some of his most famous caricatures have appeared. Mr. Du Maurier turned his attention to literature only a few years ago. His first novel was entitled "Peter Ibbetson." The artist author Is happily marlied and has several pretty daughters, who are models for many of his pictures.

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THE 0MHISUS.

A Leavenworth girl ls named Mycake. A radish three feet eight Inches in length and twentytwo inche in circumference ls on exhibition at Winter Haven, Fla. A monument has been erected in BudaTesth In memory cf Semmelweiss, who, in 1847, made the first suggestion in reference to antiseptic methods cf surgery. A truck went up Broadway the other day heavily laden with .Bermuda onions, and bearing on one side in big gilt letters the word "Foreign fruit." Tha biggest car load of shingles) ever shipped East was sent out of Washington state a few days ago. I: contained 31i).o0) shingles, beating the previous record by 3,000. A New York doctor says he has examined the men who work in a. large brewery and found that it ls the custom of thae who hive free access to the beer to drink a keg a day. Mamma (disappointedly) "I thought Mr. Plunkley was going to propose last night?" lOaughter "Si d:. I." Mamma "Why didn't he?" Daughter "He did." Mamma "Ch!" Detroit Free Press. "It's very puzzling," said a worriedlocking woman to onei of her neighbors. "What is that?" "I can't tell whether Willie is corrupting the parrot or whether the parrot is corrupting Willie." Texas Siftings. "How did you vote In the election. Uncle Jim?" "I don't 'member now, suh. Dey wuz two gentermens blddin' for me, en I ain't sho ef de $10: one wuz democrat, 'publican, or de twixt la between." At lanta Constitution. The Indians may be dying out. but the Choctaw nation took a fresh start a fewdays ago, when a squaw presented her husband with a batch of four lusty boya. The group weighed twenty-two and onehalf pounds, and at last accounts were all doing well. The natural tendency of children tt mendacity was illustrated not long ago In a elrcua parade, when a small boy asked hte aunt if she had not seen him in tho parade. She answered that she had not, whereupon he gravely informed her that he was there in the cage with the tigers. In the heart of a large pine tree, three and a half feet In diameter, James Miller, of Marinette, Wis., found a knife that wis about a foot long and cne and a half Inches wide. The age of the tree is estimated by good Judges to lie over 20.) years, and the knife was buried in it when the tree was in its infancy, f or It is right near the heart and only about six feet from the base. The war upon the check rein, begun by the Massachusetts humane society, has had Its effect In New York. An observer noted in a walk of a mile and a half In Fifth-ave. the other day, that of the hordes drawing 3"1 vehicles only those of eighty-seven had check reins, and of these many were very loose. The count of dcked tails would fhow a very different re?rult. "Have you heard of the latest Invention in clocks?" she asked sweetly. "No," replied Mr. Slogo. "It 13 very Ingenious. It has a phonograph attachment which calls off the hours." ""Wonderfully clever!" "Yes, and at a quarter of 11 it says 'good night.' " He glanced at his watch, which told of half pas: 10. and In a fe moments had fled into the darkness. Washington Star, A young man who had had no previous experience in raising-plants invested about $1,000 in greenhouses In a village on the Hudson eighteen months ago and has made all his expenses and is several hundred dollars to the tetter by cultivating mushrooms and violets for the New York market. An odd combination of crops, but one that gives a good profit when they can be made to grow. The number of death caused by wild animals U increasing greatly in India, snake bites heading the list last year witi 21.000 victims. Of 2.800 persons who were killed by animals, tigers killed nearly 1,000; leopards, 291; wolves, 173; bears, 121, and elephants, 68. Ninety thousand head cf cattle were destroyed, an Increase of 9.00 over the year before. On the other hand, 15.000 wild beasts were killed. Including nearly 1.300 tigers and over 4,000 leopards, be3ides almost 120,000 deadly snakes. A sprightly old fellow of eighty-two is Ephraim Walters of Uniontown, Pa., and finding himself lonely after the death of his third wife he published an advertisement in the paper, offering $300 to anyone who would procure him a respectable wife, anl $5.000 to any respectable woman wh ) would marry him. Mrs. Madera, aged sixty-nine, who used to keep a millinery store, saw thä' advertisement and concluded that Fh? would go in for that $3,000. So she sent for Walters looked him over an J said he'd do. The old man got the license, a shava and a hair cut, made over the money, and the wedding was celebrated. The greatest cities of ancient time3 were Babylon and Rome. The former is said to have had an area of 100 to 200 square miles; its houses were three or four stories high, but palaces and gardens occupied much of the vast area, so that, the population was not what these figun-s would seem to Indicate. In fact, it is said by one historian that nine-tenths of this area was taken up by gardens and orchards. Tha total population of the city under Nebuchadnezzar and his sen, Evil-Merodach, U estimated at over two million. Rome reached its greatest size during the fourth century of our era, and population was then about 2,300,000. There is a man in town who is a sufficient enemy to society to own a do and a parrot. The parrot makes things lively by day, and the dog relieves the bird by night. A gentleman next door, who ls fond of nice, quiet, reflective evenings, has been so infuriated by the barking that he has stuck his head out of the window on numerous occaioii3 and shouted: "Keep that damned dog quiet!" The parrot is an intelligent Polly, and what was the gentleman's astonishment a day or two ago to hear her shouting: "Keep that damned dog quiet!" A great wave of peace now sweeps over him, and he ls the firm friend of the parrot's. When America. wa3 discovered the potato was cultivated In all th? temperate parts of South America, but not in Mexico. Hieronymus Cardon, a Spanish priest, is believed to h:ive introduced the plant into Europe. From Spain It went into Italy, and hence to Belgium. Some years later It vas Introduced into Virginia, and specimens were brought to Ireland about 1G90. For nearly a hundred years it was cultivated very little in threat Britain. In 1663 the Royal society urged its cultivation, but it Is only within the last century and a half that it has been a common vegetable there. But the sweet potato was brought into England in 1563. and was called the "common potato" as early as 1597. when the white potato was first described in an English book. Three death in London from chloroform administered by physicians are reported in a single week. One, a girl of nine, died at the Greit Northern central hospital a few moments after undergoing a surgical operation. Another, a woman of twenty-nine, died while under the Influence of the chloroform administered by a medical man attending a dentist who was extracting the patient's teeth. The third, a girl of six, died two minutes after an apparently successful operation on the throat; syncope is said to have been the cause of deith. On these cases the Last Lancet observe?: "There Is no doubt that chloroform 13 peculiarly full of risk In all conditions in which, respiration is hampered by fluid In the throat, and a large mortality, due. It is said, to the anesthetio Is recorded Tor the various operations performed in such cases." Pr. Price's Cream Daklnj Powder . . A Pur Qrap Cream ot Tartar Ptrvdcr.