Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 July 1894 — Page 5

ETE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MOItNTNG, JULY 11, 1894 -TWELVE PÄT5E3.

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ER Sonate Passes the Tariff Bill 39 to 34, Measure Having a Clear Democratic Majority. Senator Hill Votes with the Republicans AND THE POPULISTS DIVIDE Exciting Scenes During the Closing Hours, A Number of Trt Speeches Being Made. 'Allen Denounces the Democrats and Is Scored. JThf Member of the Conference Committee Tariff Reformers, and the 31 en 11 re One Hack to the Hnnse of Its Krlen.li There I a. Flattering t'hunce for a Wholesome Tariff Heform I.nvr Hill to Take Effect Aus. 1, ls!U Salaries of the President find I'nited State .Imljie ot Kl mpt from the Income Tax PromtsSon. r.L'REAU OF THE SENTINEL. , WASHINGTON. D. C. July 3. Tomorrow the people will rejoice, not fcnly on account of the anniversary of 'American independence, but for the reease by the senate of the Wilson tariff 111. which passed that body tonight at 0:4." by live majority. Four months ago he Wilson tariff reform bill entered the 'American hot:so of lords for concurror.ee tifter a long struggle, first in the finance VommitU e, next in the democratic canJus and finally on the flour of the senate. The Wilson bill g s back to the house Jtabbfd in .V1' places with protectionist jimendnv lit s. but the bill will now be n the hands 'of Its friends both in the tiouse and in wie onfernce committee. for among the senate conferees appointed tor.irrht there are n Gorman' men. There is r.o t!' ubt that when the Pill emerges from the conference committee it will frec'-ive the support of the people. Tonight the democratic: senators congratulate themselves because the bill receives a clear majority of democratic Votes and that it passed without the ote of Senator Hill. In the mi 1st of the intense excitement t l'":4.- tonight, nfb-r having debated for three months and one day, the tariff bill, fcmended to take effect Aug. 1. lf4, passed the .-nate by a vote of W to 34. a strict party vote, except Mr. Hill, who Voted with the republicans against the measure. The populists divided their Strength, two, Messrs. Kyle and Allen, voting in favor of the bill, and two, Sdessr s. I 'offer and Stewart against It. At the very opening of the last day of the great struggle Mr. Harris, the veteran parliamentarian in charge of the bill, announced th it it would pass today, the Ed of July, or there would be no Fourth of July for the senate of the United States nr. til evening. There were no Sensational incidents. A nari bur hopeless fight was nude by the republicans nr. 1er the leader.-hip of Mr. Shrnnm to place w ol on the dutiable Through the instrumentality of Mr. McLaurin. demo-rat of Mississippi, the action of tti" emmitte- of the whole In -x-'T: : t ir. z th- .-al.-.ric . of United States Judges and the president of the United S' . :': i.; t . .' 'i :. of the iti'Vim? tax was reversed in the senate. A very : - ' ) 1 -- -i'at: .p. in the shape , of at, :,:.-;rut law v.:;s place on the bm bs a iw r wiinoui even so rnucn as a division. I; was designe 1. as Mr. Voorhees, chairman of the finance committee.?, said, to ensure "integrity in the execution of the law," ir being admitted that any tariff eytem afforded abundant opportunity for the formation of tru;s and combinations. Srenf in the Senate. The galleries were filled to overflowing, rnany prominent ladies and gentlemen being present to witness the final di?josal cf the bill, and the scene was truly a brilliant one. Half a hundred members cf the house were on the floor. It was amid such surrundings that the climax occurred when Senator Allen, the Nebraska populist, smarting under the sting of a double defeat, in thunderous tones denounced 'be democratic members of the finance committee and charged them with bad faith in taking advantage of his Ignorance of pailiamvr.tary procedure to lndu-e him to offer the amendment, thus releasing their democratic colleagues linder the caucus agreement from voting for them. He harangued the senate and the galleries, and intimated that he had feen tricked. Mr. Vest, on behalf of the committee, hotly denied the charges and upbraided Mr. Allen for delivering his phillipple vhile In pique over his own defeat. Mr. Manderson. Mr. Allen's republican colleague from Nebraska, seemed to enjoy the plight of his as.-ociate and with an Irony that burned end a sarcajam that Withered, he extended his sympathy ar,d siarmd him to beware before he again allix himself with the democrats. He had ffim'l too late that he was unhorsed. Mr. Jones of Arkansas, also drove the Iron into the N'ebraskan's sou!. He challenged the truth of his statements and cored him unmercifully for attempting- to J. lace the committee in a false li;ht. For an hour, after the excitement caused by this exchange of crimination occurred, the frorwiinif wore extremely dull Mr T . . .1 . . .1 ., l , r.- .V j n.iT n mini ruurt lO SCCUTe & duty on wool. Mr. PetMgrew tried to get through a provision for a tariff commission. Mr. Manderson made a last attempt to substitute a iminishlng bounty on the fncar schedule. Mr. Shoup of Idaho, in an almost inaudible voice, read a speech in rupport of a duty on mineral waters and Mr. Smith explained" Thy he should vote for the bill, income tax and all. Meantime the senators, with coats and fc-ests opened nnd palm-leaf fans in their hands, sat languidly in their seats or pauntered about the chamber waiting Impatiently for the final moment to come. While the swarming gallaries gasped and Ranted for breath. Allen Repent. As the hands of the clock drew toward !he hour of T the final speeches began. f.Ir. Allen, somewhat to the wonderment pf the gallaries, after his outbreak earlier in the evening, told the senate why he bad concluded to vote for the bill. The ynost dramatic incident of the night occurred when he took his seat and Mr. Hill entered an eloquent protest against the populistic Income tax" and arraigned his party associates for being false to their arty pledges and their country. The republicans drew around him as he spoke; the galleries leaned over as he dealt his ledi?e-hmmer blows. When in conclusion he declared theatrically that he would not lupport the bill a wave of applause quickly checked by the vice-president swept over lowed from Messrs. Aldrich. Chandler and Manderson, and the supreme moment was tt hand. The bill was placed upon its passage and the roll was eaJled. When Mr. Blanchard declini-d to vote on the first roll-ca.ll and Mr. McCaffery, the other Louisiana senator, voted against It. a shudder passed through the democratic side of the chamber. The fate of the bill might depend upon the vote of Mr. Irby. but when his fame was reached the democrats heaved a iAB uf raJ as he rsii "ajs," Afttf ti

THE AGONY IS OV

completion of the roll-call, although It u apparent that the bill would carry without either the vote of Mr. Caffery or Mr. Blanchard. Mr. Caffery changed his vote to aye." explaining that he had voted "no" a. a protest against the bad faith of the finance committee In abandoning: the sugar bounty provision, and Mr. Blanchard Joined his colleague. Upon the announcement of the vote 34 to 3 the galleries cheered, democrats threw bills high In the air. and amid a scene of jubilation and re.lolelng the ornate adjourned over th Fourth of July. The light In the dome was extinguished and the tariff bill had passed. THE SESSION IX DETAIL.

Cloalna- Dar In the Renate One of Ex eltemrnt. Mr. Harris promised, at the opening of the senate session today, that the final vote on the tariff bill should be reached during the day If there were no factious obstruction. Mr. Aldrich virtually pledged republicans to permit the bill to make progress. The amendments to the paragraphs on burlaps, etc.. and collars and cuffs were quickly adopted Mr. Sherman moved for the transfer of raw wool and hair of the camel and goat to the free list. Lost. 32 to 37. The amendments offered by Mr Peffer were rejected. The first was to place wool on the dutiable list under the iMcKInley classifications, with the existing rates reduced one-half. The other was to put manufactures of wool on the free list. Mr. Harris asked unanimous consent that further debate on, the wool schedule be under the five-minute rule, but Mr. Power objected. Mr. Power then offered an amendment putting wool on the dutiable list at the rate of 25 per cent, ad valorem lost. Mr. Faulkner asked that the committee amendments on the wool schedule a a whole be agreed to and it was done, the silk schedule then being taken up. The committee amendments to the silk schedule, werf adopted and then copying paper, filtering piper, tissue paper, etc. were raised from 30 to 35 per cent, ad valorem. "When bituminous coal was reached Mr. Hill renewed his motion, made In the committee of the whole, to place coal on the free list, but the committee amendment placing a duty of 40 cents a ton was agreed to, r7 to 6. Messrs. Kyle, Allen and Peffer, populists, and Mills and Irby vored with Mr. Hill. w hn tho Income tax sections were reached the amendments were adopted wltnnut division except the two upo;. which Mr. McLaurin had demanded a separate vote excluding from the opera tion of the tax the salaries of United States judges and of the president of the I nited States. Mr. M'-uatinn attacked the two ex cepted amendments on the ground tint they weif adopted on the, theory that congress could rt tax the salaries of I'nitfd States judges and the president. In his opinion the exemptions could not logically be predicated on the provision cf the constitution against the diminution of the salaries of such officers during their tt-nn of office. It was piain class legis lation. Mr. Pfeffer took the same view of the cr.se that Mr. Molimin did. Mr. Hill opposed Mr. McLaurin's pocj tion. He maintained that to levy an income tax against the salaries of the United States judges and the president was in contravention of the constitution. The bill exempted the salaries of state. county and municipal officers. These two provisions were the only two in the biil he was disputed to approve. Mr. Hoar supported the amendment. Snlarien Not Kirnipl. After some further debate the amendments exempting the salaries of I'nited States judges and the president were defeated 34 to 36. The vote in detail was as follows: Yeas Aldrich, Allison, Price, Carter, Cullom. Davis. Dixon, Dolph, Dubois. Cray, Hale, Hansbrough. Hawley, Higgins. Hill. Lodge. McMillen, Mitchell (Or.), Morgan, Palmer, Pasco, Patton, Perkins. Platte, Power, Pugh, Quay, Ransom. Roach, Sherman, Squire, Teller, Vilas. Washburn 34. Nays Allen. Bate, Berry, Blackburn. Blanchard. CafTery, Chandler, Cockre'.l, Coke, Faulkner. Frye, Gallinger, George, Gibson, Gorman, Harris, Hunton, Irby, Jarvis. Jones (Ark.), Kyle, Lindsay, McI -lurin, Manderson, Martin, Mitchell (Wis.), Murphy, Peffer, Pettigrew, Shoup, Smith, Turpie, Vest, Voorhees, Wal-h, White 3;. The amendment to sec. 71 repealing the reciprocity clause of the McKinley bill, declaring that the repeal had not been construed to abrogate reciprocal arrange ments now in existence, was agreed to. This was the last of the amendments adopted in committee of the whole. Mr. Jones, then, on behalf of the committee. proposed the amendment changing the date on which the bill should go into effect from June 30 to Aug. 1, 1894. "This amendment is only tentative, la It not?" suggested Mr. Allison. "It Is intended to fix the date later. If the date is to be settled now. It should certainly be later than Aug. 1." "It is the intention to fix the date later," agreed Mr. Jones. Upon Mr. Jones's motion the rate of boracie acid was then Increased from 2 cents to 3 cents per pound; on borax from 1 cent to 2 cents; on borate lime from 1 cent to H-j cents per pound. "I feel authorized in behalf of the senator from California." remarked Mr. Sherman, "to thank the committee for these increases." (Laughter.) The other dates in the bill were changed to conform to the date (Aug. 1) upon which the KU was to go Into effect. Mr. Allen then moved to Insert as a new paragraph of the free list "fencing wire." which was stricken from the dutiable list in committee of the whole. Mr. Palmer opposed the amendment. He thought it unjust to place all the materials used in the manufacture of fence wire on the dutiable list and then put the finished product on the free lut. "Did you say the price on fence wire has fallen under the Influence of the protective tariff?" inquired Mr. Chandler. "I did not say that." "What did you say?" "Never mind." replied Mr. Palmer. "I am irr the condition Mr. Lincoln told me he was once in on a campaigning- tour. Some one in the audience asked him a question. He made no reply. 'Why don't you answer him.' said some one. 'I am after votes,' replied Mr. Lincoln, 'and that man's vote is as good as any other man's. I am after votes in this proposition." said Mr. Palmer, ma.king the appli cation of the story, "and I want the vote of the senator from New Hampshire." ' You will get It," said Mr. Chandler, aiiid laughter. Fence Wire Made Dutiable. Mr. Palmer moved to strike out the proviso exempting fence wire from the duty Imposed on other wire. This took precedence of Mr. Allen's motion. After debate, the vote being taken upon it, the senate reversed Its action and In a vote of 38 to 32 restored fence wire to the dutiable list. Eight democratsMessrs. Brice, Gorman, Hill, Palmer, Murphy, Blanchard, Caffery and Smith voted yea. When the announcement was made it so angered Mr. Mills that he moved to transfer all wire, anchor, axles and anvils to the free list. It was lost 17 to 52. The vote then recurred on Mr. Allen's amendment to place fence wire on the free list. It was lost 32 to 28 and again Mr. Allen stoood 'defeated. Mr. Vilas moved to place all wire and material used for the manufacture of wire used for fencing purposes on the free list. "That amendment would let In all iron and steel," suggested Mr. Aldrich. The amendment shared the same fate as its predecessors, the vote of the eight democrats enumerated above with the republicans overcoming tfhe remainder of the democrats and populists 29 to 40. Mr. Ransom then moved to plaoe a duty of 20 per cent, on mica, which had been placed on the free list by the committee. ".Why Li it pronosed to reversa the

committee' action at this stage or ." the. game," persisted Mr. Hill. "In order to raise a revenue," replied Mr. Ransom. (Laughter.) . After a brief argument In support of th amendment the vote was taken and the amendment, with the aid of republican votes, was carried 10 to 2S. When the announcement was made Mr. Morgan was about to offer his antitrust amendment. Mr. Ransom caused him to pause a moment. "I only want to perfect the amendment," said he, ' and strike mica from the free list." The how) of laughter that greeted this requeet rather disconcerted the North Carolina senator and his embarrassment

was added to by Mr. Chandler, .who rushed over into the middle aisle and profusely congratulated him. Mica was then stricken from the free list without objection and Mr. Morgan offered his anti-trust amendment, which has already been printed. It consisted of five sections, four of which were Identical with the Sherman anti-trust law of 1?90. The other section, Mr. Morgan said, had been framed and examined with the greatest possible care. In order not to detain the senate in the consideration of thi3 matter he had it referred to the committee on judiciary, and it had received, the approval of that committee. In arguing for the support of the amendment Mr. Morgan dwelt upon the opportunity afforded for the formation of trusts under any system of tariff taxation. Mr. Morgan's amendment was agreed to without division. Mr. Lodge moved to Increase the duty on cocoa matting from 20 to 40 per cent. Lost 23 to 36. Mr. Gallinger moved to Increase the duty on hay from J2 to $3. Lost 20 to 23. The Sogar Question Agnln. Mr. Allen then offered an amendment to paragraph 12, repealing the sugar bounty In the shape of a proviso continuing the bounty In force until Jan. 1, 1S93, to the extent of paying the growers of sugar and maple sirup nine-tenths of a cent on sugar testing above 30 degrees and eight-tenths on sugar below SO degrees. This was the amendment of which notice was given by Mr. Jon?s on behalf of the finance committee yesterday. Its presentation caused a breeze. Mr. Hill was on the floor derm.ndiag recognition. Mr. Harris asked him to yield to allow him to move to lay the motion on the table. "if that represents the action af the committee I will yield, " stid Mr. Hiil, "but If not I want to address th? senate at length. After the action of the ernte yesterday I cannot submit to this proviso now." "I am a member of the finance committee." said Mr. Harris, "and on my own responsibility I desire to make the motion." Mr. Hill th-n yielded to Mr. Harris, who, at Mr. Manderson's request, withheld the nntion to table until h.' could be heard. Mr. Manderson said that great injustice would-be done to growers of sugar beets in th sudden abrogation of the bounty proposed by the ponding bill. It would not be only unjust, but dishonest. Mr. Caffrey favored th amendment, but thought equity and g.nl faith demanded that the amendment should prevail. Mr. Harris then renewed his motion to lay the amendment on the table. This was agreed to 50 to 22 the parties dividing. The vote in detail was as follows: Yeas Bate. Berry. Blackburn. Brice. Chandler. Cockerel!, Coke. Cullom. Daniel, Dixon Dolph. Dubois, Faulkner. Frve, Gallinger. George. Gibson, Gorman. Gray. Hale. Hansbrough, Harris. Hill, Hunton, Irby, Jarv's, Jones of Arkansas, Lindsay, Lodge, McLaurin. Martin. Mills, Mitchell of Oregon. Mitchell of Wisconsin. Mor gan, Murphy, Palmer. Pasco, Power. Hansom, Roach. Smith, Teller. Turpie. Vest. Vilas, Voorhees, Walsh, Washburn, White 50. Nays Aldrich. Allen. Allison. Blanch ard. Caffery, Call, Care-, Davis, Hawley. Higgins. Jones of Nevada. Kyle, Mc Millan, Manderson, Patton. Peffer, Per kins. Piatt. Proctor, Quay, Sherman. Squire 22. Mr. Allen proposed an amendment im posing a duty of 10 per cent, on all fenc ing wire. Iost. He then offered several other amend ments of the same tenor, each with an increasing rate of duty, all of which failed. Mr. Power offered an amendment pro viding that the wool schedule should go into effect next June. Lost. i Mr. Allison offered an amendment re ducing the duty on uncleaned rice from 1 cent to eight-tenths of a cent per pound. Agreed to. An amendment offered by Mr. Aldrich was agreed to putting a duty of threequarters of a cent per pound on the lead contained in type metal. The duty on files, file blanks and rasps was raised from 30 cents per dozen to 35 cents. Mr. Manderson moved to reconsider the vote by which his amendment providing for a diminishing bounty on sugar was defeated, and Mr. Harris moved to lay that motion on the table. This motion prevailed although the populists and the senators from Louisiana voted with the republicans against the motion. Mr. Hill offered an amendment to the income tax paragraph providing that all state, county, municipal and town taxes paid by corporations should be included In their running expenses. Agreed to. No further amendments were offered and at exactly 10 o'clock the bill was read a third time, after which Mr. Smith made a speech against the income tax, but in favor of the bill as a whole. Hill' Closing Speech. Senator Hill followed with a brief speech. He said that in his opinion the bill imperiled the possibility of permanent democratc success in any northern state for many years to come. As between a populistic income tax on the one hand and a republican tariff law on the other he choose the latter as the least of two evils. As between pernicious class legislation fraught with dangerous consequences to the country on the one hand and simply high tariff taxation on the other, he preferred to endure the latter. at least for a brief period. Continuing, he said: ' Eliminate the in come tax and there is no difficulty in fram ing an honest, consistent and genuine tariff bill upon a strict revenue line with all raw materials rree. which can be passed by the vote of every democratic senator without the aid of a single populist vote, and which the country would welcome and approve. This is not even pretended to be such a measure. Nu merous senators around the democratic side of this chamber must feel as though democratic principles have been surren dered or bartered away to secure the triumph of this blotched compromise, which is really acceptable to no one. I am sure that if they expressed their honest sentiments they do not approve. this bill any more than I do. The Issue of tariff reform had better be postponed and preserved intact rather than emasculated, disfigured and despoiled In the manner now proposed. This bill doe3 not meet public expectations, but at best is an empty and beggarly fulfillment of democratic pledges. It does those thlng3 which it ought not to do and leaves un done those things which It ought to do. Mr. President, I do not fail to appre ciate the gravity of the situation, but the course which duty and consistency require me to pursue at this hour is as clear to me as the noonday sun. 'Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish,' I cannot and will not support this bill in its present ohap." alls of "vote." "vote," kept coming from thedemocratic side, and at 10:25 o'clock the clerk began, to call the roll. On the first call Mr. Blanchard of Louisiana failed to vote; his colleague, Mr. Caffery, voted "no" In a loud, clear voice, while expressions of dismay were visible on the faces of many of the democratic senators. Mr. Hill also voted "no" In a clear and ringing" tone. Of the populists Peffer and Stewart, voted "no," while Kyle and Allen voted for the bill. Mr. Caffery of Louisiana; secured unamlmous consent to make a brief statement and said he had voted "no" as a protest against the "unjustifiable act pf own party la eoim

back on a plan cf action which they had deliberty adopted." He changed his vote to aye. Mr. Blanchard of Louisiana, who had not voted, asked the same privilege, but Mr. Teller of Colorado objected and Mr. Blanchard then voted "aye." The Detailed Vote. The detailed vote on the final passage of the bill is as follows: Yeas Allen, Bate, Berry. Blackburn, Blanchard, Caffery, Call. Cockrell, Coke, Daniel. Faulkner, George. Gibson. Gorman. Grty, Harris. Hunton. Irby, Jarvis, Jones of Arkansas, Kyle, Llnsay, McLaurin, Martin. Mills, Mitchell of Wisconsin, Morgan. Murphy. Palmer. Pasco, Ransom, Roach, Smith. Turpie Vest, Vilas. Voorhees, Walsh, White 33. Nays Aldrich, Allison. Carey. Chandler, Cullom. Davis, Dixon, Dolph. Dubois, Frye. Gallinger, Hale, Hansbrough,

Hawley, Higgins, Hill, Jones of Nevada Lodge, McMillan. Manderson. Mitchell of Oregon. Patton. Peffer. Perkins, Piatt Power, Proctor, Quay, Sherman. Shoup Squire. Ctewart Teller. Washburn 34. The pairs were as follows: The first named would, have voted for the bill, the others against It: Brice with Woleott. Butler with Cam eron, Camden with Pettigrew, Gordon with Wilson, Pugh with Hoar, McPher son with Morrill. The vote was then announced by the vice-president. Ayes, 39; noes, 34. was received in silence, after Mr. Harris moved that a conference committee of seven senators on the disagreeing votes of the two houses be appointed, and, al though Mr. Allison protested against this action, maintaining that as yet there was no disagreement, the motion pre vailed, and the vjce-president appointed tne following committee: Messrs. Voorhees, Harris. Vest, Jones of Arkansas. Sherman, Allison and Al drlch. Mr. Harris then moved that the senate adjourn until Friday at 12 o'clock. whl?h was agreed to at 10:43 o clock. The announcement of the close of the long struggle was the signal for a scene of uproar rarely witnessed in the grave and dignified senate chamber. HOLMAN ON THE TARIFF. He nelieve the Honne Will Come Out Ylctorlona. Representative Ilolman gives it as his opinion that the struggle between the senate and the house on the tariff ques tion will end in a victory for the house. "It is an almost Invariable rule," said Mr. Ilolman, "that if there is an over whelming sentiment- in the house for a particular line of action it finds expres sion, and overcomes all delays and ob stacles of parliamentary procedure." Mr. Ilolman says that experi?nce has shown that tariff bills, after being returned from the senate to the house, are sub ject to a good many delays. "The speed which the house will make when It gets the tarlfT bill will depend a good deal on the speed of the senate with the big appropriations," he con tinued. "If the appropriations are crowd ed along, then the house will feel It to be its duty to act quickly. But if the ap prnprlations drag in the senate the house will not feel that it is delaying adjourn ment bv discussing tariff. I think, there fore, that if the senate acts promptly on the appropriations the house committee on rules will report a special rule sharply limiting the debate on tariff. Under the regular rules the bill would have to go before the house in committee of the whole for a full debate of the senate amendments, as they affect material changes in government revenue. But the special rule' will limit this debate, and it will probably be the course adopt ed if the senate makes good progress on the appropriation bills." SHANKLIN AND CLEVELAND. The Editor tili Firm in Ills Fnlth In the President. Assuming that the editor of the Courier was an applicant for the 'cnsulate-gen oral at Berlin and disappointed at not receiving it, the esteemed Journal, and, indeed, all of our local contemporaries, have reproached President Cleveland for conferring the appointment upon Mr. Charles De Kay of New York. Since the Inauguation Ingenious stories have occasionally been sent out from Washington associating Mr. Shanklln with one federal position or another as If It were a perfectly understood fact that he was determined upon getting an office of some kind and that the president was considering what It should be. In every case the Imagination of the newspaper correspondents was given free reign and later intelligence generally disclosed that there was nothing in the story. Although the spirit of these articles has been invariably friendly, for which Mr. Shanklln Is especially grateful to his professional brethren, their frequency and the persistance with which some of them have returned again and again to the subject have not always been agreeable. At the risk of seeming to thrust personal affairs before the public the Courier wishes to say once for all that Mr. Shanklin has never been an applicant for any federal appointment. A few letters from personal friends, written of their own volition and without his knowledge, may be found In the state department and Senator Voorhees and Mr. Taylor have spoken to the president In his behalf. But Mr. Shanklin has never applied either In person or by letter for any office nor has the president Ignored Mr. Shanklln. While he has been offered no place that he could accept. Mr. Shanklin has had the refusal of two foreign appointments and the confidence thus shown by the president was none the less appreciated because they were declined. The president has undoubtedly followed hi-s own best judgment In all of the federal appointments, and, speaking for Mr. Shanklin, the Courier assures its local contemporaries, while he Is duly grateful for their friendly interest, he neither feds himself an object of sympathy nor. a victim of ingratitude. Mr. Shanklin recently had a personal interview of the most cordial nature with the president during which neither of them made any al lusion whatever to the Berlin consulategeneral or any other appointment. The Courier has lost none of Its confidence in Grover Cleveland because he did not offer its editor an office that was acceptable. We were for him against the field from the time he left the presidential office at the close of his first term until he assumed it again on the 4th of March a year ago. If the thing were to do over we should be for him again, because while we regret his finaclal views he never deceived his party or his country concerning them. One need not agree with a man in everything in order to respect him. The act of grand heroism which stands out bolder than any other thing in Grover Cleveland's career was the declaration upon the silver question which he knew to be in opposition to the views of a large majority of his party and which he made at a time when no public exigency required It of him. The whole country felt that he was expressing his honest opinion although he knew the act might cost him the presidency. To carp about office and personal disappointments in the presence of this and other proofs that his career affords of his fitness for the high Station to which his countrymen, hare twice elected him is to proclaim one's self that most uninteresting of all characters, a sorehead. The Courier begs leave to say that Mr. Shanklin does not belong to that class. Evans vllle Courier. A Coo Ulnar Secret. ' Mr. E. Conomie "Did you write to that f man who advertises to show people how to make desserts without milk, and have them richer?" Mrs. E. Conomie "Yes, and sent him the dollar." "What did he reply?" "Use cream." N. Y. Weekly. Dr. Price's Cream Baking Powder , Vgrli' Filr Wzhcst Atabl and Dirtuas. .

iSAWDUST FOR A BEDDING.

RESULTS AS EXPERIENCED BY ONE K1VIIO HAS TRIED IT. Another Breed of Fowls That Resemble the Leghorn Feeding: on Grain Alone as Indiented hy Certaln Experiment When nnd Hovr to Prnne Grapevines Mtrogen Not Good for Orchard Trees Remarkable Jlrmory of n Home Home IHutft Valuable Recipes. Tine sawdust as bedding for farm ani mals seems to have a bad reputation among both farmers and scientific men. probably because when properly used it has done fome harm by destroying, in part, the value of manure. It has been often Doticed that plies of sawdust lying around sawmills kill grass and other vegetation and when spread several Inches thick, as it often Is upon wet places in roadways. It not only kills vegetation, but appears to be almost indestructible. It does not always decay readily under such conditions. Sawdust or shavings at the bottom of a large pile where protected from the action of the atmosphere and all forms of destructive bacteria may remain bright and sound for years, perhaps centuries. Wood under favorable conditions Is about as durable as stone or iron. I have used large quantities of sawdust as bedding for cows and with satisfactory results, at a time, too, when there was much greater prejudice against it than there is now. It makes excellent, clean bedding, very comfortable for the cows, and at the same time is a good absorbent of the liquid portions of the manure, provided the sawdust is seasoned and dry. If used wet, either with its own sap as when green or when saturated with rain water, it of course can take no more moisture When used green It also has a tendency to hasten fermentation of the manure and may cause a loss of ammonia. A pile of green pine sawdust kept under cover will heat In a short time sufficiently to drive out most of the moisture, after which it is in good condition to use as bedding. It will not readily heat the second time nor will it increase fermentation of the manure. It simply holds the liquid till applied to the land, when the valuable portions will be taken up by the roots of plants. Seasoned sawdust in moderate quantities applied to cultivated soil soon decomposes and becomes simply humus, the same as will straw or other vegeta ble matter, and humus is always valuable in agricultural soils. It lightens heavy clays and holds moisture and also the valuable salts of manure, keeping these where they can be taken up by growing crops. Many farmers now use sawdust who were formerly greatly prej udiced against it. Success or failure in its use depends on the method of using. Used freely, when green, in horse stalls it will or may injure the manure by in creasing fermentation. Used dry it is simply an Inactive absorbent. I would use cut straw for bedding if I could have It at the same price, for straw contains more plant food and will decompose more readily, yet where sawdust is abundant and near by it is well worth using as bedding in the absence of anything better. The refuse from wool scouring contains valuable manurial substances, but it is not a complete fertilizer and must be used intelligently to be of agricultural value. I have had no personal experience in its use. Doubtless some readers have. Others would like to hear from them. FEEDING ON GRAIN ALONE. What the Experiment of I nli Agrlcn It uro I College Show. The Utah agricultural college experi ment station has conducted some experiments in this line of feeding, and we give a summary of results as follows: 1. Cattle and sheep can be successfully fed on grain alone for very long periods. 2. Cattle and sheep fed on grain alone make a pound of growth on as few or less pounds of grain than hogs will. 3. Cattle when led on grain annK Dut little water, void a larger ratio of it as urine, and probable vaporize less of it by lungs than when receiving nay or coarse food. 4. The stomach of sheep and cattle weighs less when fed on grain; the first stomach notably so. 5. The first stomach of sheep and cat tle receives fine foods, but does not fill up. nor quite half fill. The animals prac tically cease ruminating when fed grain alone. 6. The vital organs of a steer slaugh tered weighed quite differently from those of cattle heretofore slaughtered, especially so in regard to blood which weighed more, and more notably so for lungs which weighed less, and Is the first nota ble instance in the experience of the experimenter of the variation of lungs due to food. 7. These relations of food to the de velopment of vital organs should receive the careful attention of physiologists, notably in the relation of food to human health. It becomes quite evident from the above that no little Influence is exerted upon the vital organs by the food consumed, which facts opens a new and wide field of in quiry regarding not only the nutrition of stock, but of man himself. The subject of food should also be treated of In Its economical aspect. There are periods when a scarcity of the coarser foods exists, which can be supplied only at considerable trouble and extra expense; now if purely grain foods ci.n be employed to bridge over periods of scar city, and instead of doing an injury to the animal really causes an improvement by the change, much good will be a' mpllshed. It Is in such fields of in , ury that the greatest good comes. another dreed of fowls. They Are Cnlled C'ainplnen nnil Are Said to Resemble the Leghornn. The new birds are called campines and there are two varieties, the silver and golden. They are natives of Belgium and they are egg producers first, last, and all the time, ro we are told. The agricultural department at Washington has been gathering Information from some of its consuls abroad cuncerning the native breeds of fowls in some of the count ris of Europe that are unknown on this side of the water. The American consul at Ghent, Belgium, furnishes an Interesting mass of information concerning the campines, from which It appears that they are "hustlers" of a very high order. From his description of the energ?tic and persistent manner in which these fowls grub their own living out of a sterile soil, and the use to which they turn this living in the matter of egg pro duction, our leghorns will have to get up very early In the morning. Indeed, if they are to maintain their present high post of honor as "egg machines." He says that camplne hens often lay 300 eggs a year, and the average Is fully 250 a year, a prolificacy which. If no mistake has been made, is sufficient to make the breed instantly popular. From the tenor of his report it would appear that these fowls are accustomed for the most part to shift for themselves In Belgium, that they are very scantily supplied with food, and that notwithstanding this neglect, both as regards care and food, they nevertheless persist in laying right alone:. If they brls thlj char-

acterlstic with them from Belgium, they will certainly prove an acquisition to our practical poultry interests. In size the campines appear to re similar to our leghorns, the cocks varying, according to this consular report, from four and one-half to five and one-half pounds and the hens from three and one-half to four and one-half pounds. In color the birds appear to resemble our silverpenciled ilamburgs. so far at least as the hen is concerned thj comb being both single and rose, however but with a plumage that. is whi e in the neck and barred or penciled elsewhere. - ' . KVF.W HIS OLD MASTER.

Remarkahle Memory- nnd Affection of n. Horse. L. H. Richardson of Westfield. Mass., tells the following story: Walking from the armory in Springfield down street one day. giving no heed to the passing of carriages in the street, he suddenly heard a horse whinny. He looked In the direction of the sound and recognized a horse he formerly owned. He waved his hand for the driver to stop. The man In the buggy did so, and Mr. R. stepped from the sidewalk Into the street, and. laying his hand on the horse, said to the gentleman: "Excuse me for stopping you. sir. but I wanted to speak of your horse, which attracted me." "At the sound of his voice the horse turned his head over his shoulder and softly whinnied again, as a horse will often do when one goes Into the stall beside him to give feed. Mr. R. softly petted the creature and the driver remarked: "He is a fine animal." "So I see," replied Mr. R.; how long have you owned him?" "Two or three years; bought him cf a Westfield man whose name I don't remember. Had him out on the race course in Chicago last year." Mr. R. stepped out in front of the animal, whose bright eyes and nodding head evinced his pleasure, and said: "How do you do. Prince?" The horse Immediately put his right foot into the outstretched palm of his old friend, whom he had not seen for more than two years. "I did not know he had any tricks like that," said the owner. "When did you know the horse?" "I sold him for J 4 00 to a man who came into my yard to see him quick trade." "And I was offered J2.000 for Mm In Chicago last year," laughed the man in the buggy. "Kiss your old master If you love him," said Mr. R., and the horse pulled on the checked rein and buried his lips in the full beard of his old friend. "A fine old fellow," said Mr. R.. "and I should not have seen him if he had not called me." He patted the horse an affectionate good-by, bowed, and tho man In the buggy drove on, while he resumed the sidewalk, full of tender memmory of an animal he had loved and lost. Our ' Dumb Animals. NO NITROGEN. It Does Not Acree with the Constitution of Orchard Trees. Experience and wide observation having tausht that trees in family gardens o.- in rich plots of ground about most home places, where there is a good deal of nitrogenous matter in the soil, are the most tender in wood growth and often lose their fruit buds in winter, when more slowly growing and thoroughly matured trees carry them all through; therefore, says J. IL Hale In Connecticut Courant, in our own cultivated orchards and most others in the state care has been taken to use little or no nitrogen, feeding the trees entirely upon phosphoric acid and pottash, the former usually in the form of raw ground bone and the latter in some of the German potash salts. In most orchards culture Is kept up through the early part of the season and abandoned by the first part of August; through the rest of the season (on moderately strong lands) grass and weeds make considerable growth, and these being turned under the next spring furnish considerable organic matter to the soil and aid in stimulating wood growth. One of our orchards, of some twentytwo acres In extent, on very light, sandy soil, has been liberally fertilized In this way for ten years past, but, as little or no green material has grown after the cultlvaton. fhere has been, little or none to turn under the next season. This orchard has borne several crops of superb fruit, but for two years past has made altogether too little new wood growth. and. knowing that there was a surfeit of potash and phosphoric acid in the soil, I have been expermentlng a little this year in supplying nitrogen. Some three weeks ago two tons of nitrate of soda was broadcasted over this twenty-two acres, and in less than a week a tremendous growth 'began and the foliage took on a much darker and richer hue. The trees are carrying only a moderate crop of fruit, but this has also been stimulated into a remarkable growth, and at this date, while the trees appear better than ever before, the fruit Is also one-third larger than any fruit we have ever had before at this season of the year. NOT ALL IN HEREDITY. Good Handling- Is Also Neceary to Mnke.nn Animal Useful. Wre once heard a man say that he had been a drunkard for 3.000 years, meaning that his whole family had been drunk ards and that he was a victim of heredity. The laws of heredity work with remarkable exactness and in what often seems to be curious ways. To those who have not studied the subject, many of tha "freaks" of heredity would be incredible. The tricks which an ancestor has been taught will sometimes be transmitted to the offspring. Too much care cannot be bestowed Upon breeding, animals, therefore, to the end that breeders which are possessed of undesirable t-harac-terlst ic-s may not be used. But heredity cannot be relied upon to do everything. It can not be depended upon to tram a colt. lor instance, and we have been led to remark and to say what we have here said by the statement of a writer In a contemporary, that to break a colt begin with Iiis grandm.-'V?r." That will never break a colt thoroughly. It will produce a good colt to be broken; it will prduce a colt that may be easily broken. But the break ing must be done with the colt, and it Is more the result of good judgment and tact than of heredity. If the dam and granddam are not what they should be it is possible that the colt may never be broken into a good horse. That is true enough. But the best colt in the world must have "personal" tralnng. GRAPEVINES. MftnuriiiKT nnd 1'runins Cutting: I.eveK Away. All diessings for the grapevine should be stable manure well and thoroughly composted for ammonia, bone for phosphorus, and wood ashes for potash. In planting a young vine, says a corerspondent, plant the crown of the root no less than three inches below the surface of the ground. Allow but one cane to grow the first year and cut back within one foot of the ground in the fall. The second year let two canes grow. I keep other buds pinched off. Trim back in the fall to four to six feet. Thinning the vines of fruit takes courage. Take your clippers and go through the vines and cut out all small and inferior branches. By this method you will grow larger and finer clusters and more pounds of fruit. Another method to Impove the fruit is to grow as little wood as possible. When a cane has attained the length you dssire nip It off. Cutting

away the leaves to let in the sun I thick is a great mistake and should never be done. The leaves are the lur.ps of tha plant and any injury to the vines leads' to disease. The largest ant finest bunches are found hidden beneath tha foliage. We consider the best time to prune is when the vine becomes cVrmatit. about the middle of November, after the leaves fall. I prune to three, and not more than four, canes to alout nine feet of trellis, and invariably leave two buds on last year's growth. After they start in th spring, if r Joint starts two buds rub oft the -ueake-n one; a little tou. h with the thumn ar.d r.ger will do it. Nippi-S in is done as soon as the laterals are long enough; nip off two joints frm tbe fruit bloom. When your canes are long enough let them run al'.r.g the lower scantling or wire, then turn up and cut oft at top of trellis. li ... A It I LOT. H-. "

The Ilnhll of IVm Herons Moths nnd Hotv t Get Itid of Them. Benzine and carbolic acid, one gallon to one ounce, is sure death to moths. But it cannot be used in d.lkate fabrics, and from its inflammable character must be used with great caution. A hand atomizer is the easiest way to apply it. The fumes of burins camphor gum or sulphur will suffocate moth millers. It 1 a very disagreeable operation, but is so effective that any room where they are known to be should be fumigated this month. To do this with cmirv success remove the contents of trunks and wardrones and hang on bac ks of chairs; cloea doors and windows; set a panful of water In the middle of the rom. at a safe distance from all the hangings and furniture; in this place a small iro o. pot half filled with ashes and the camphor; for a room 1.1 by is feet use a piece as large as a walnut; saturate with alcohol anl set the camphor on fire. It will burn fiercely at first, but if proper precautions are observed there is no danger; leave the room as soon as you are satisfied that your furinture is ii: no danger of taking lire; allow the mass to burn it-self out. which it will d in half an bouri open the windows and doors for an hour. Moths prefer soiled t clean garments. The first step toward the safety of garments before putting them away is to turn pockets inside out, beat all dust, saturate and clean with beuzire if necessary. Allow the ci' th. s to hang in the sunlight for several hours. Moths bat9 the light. They work in the dark. Bags of various sizes made of seersucker and stitrh-d with double seams are safer receptacles of clothing than trunks und are fully equal to expcin-iva cedar chests. Rules for Wnll I'nperlnp. The following rules are for the scraping anil treatment of waits of various kinds preparatory to pap'-ring: If walls have been previously papered it Is adxis.tble to scrape- o:"f c'.d paper, not only from a sanitary star. l-: int, but also to insure a perfect job. l'.iperhans eis cannot be too vigorous In advising customers to have wails and ceilings scraped previous to repa paring. To remove ordinary wall paper soak the paper by applying hot water with an old brush, and then scraping with hand or pole sc rap r. Heavy papers, such as leathers and felts, should be treated to a coat of hot paste, thinned down to the consistency of cream. After a few minutes' soakarig remove by scraping. Whitewashed walls should be scraped, after thoroughly wetting the walls with thin iste or wate-, then size with strong sizing. If whitewash is not thick or scaly, a strong solution of vinegar will answer all purposes. For damp walls- we advise either one, two or three cuats of shellac over the damp surface, or tinfoil, which is put i;p in sheets, can be tacked and pasted over the damp spots. For varnished paper mix about two pounds of common brown sugar or molasses to one-half bucket of water, then apply like sizing. This mixture is alsc good for oil-pair.ted walls. Scraiing, however, is preferred to either. For oil-painted walls dissolve two pounds of pearl ash in a tucket of water and apply like sizing. For kalsomined walls wash wa'ls and ceilings with a large sponge, then apply ordinary sizing. New walls should have a coat of weak sizing. Farm Note. If necessary to cultivate the potatoes after the plants have blossomed. In order to keep the weeds down, run the cultivator very shallow. It Is not altogether th aggregate amount of crops, but the profit mada In growing the, that determines the net gain. We may spend moid than w make. Two tablespocr.fuls of coal oil to oni pint of buttermilk, mixed thoroughlyand diluted with six gallons of water, Is said to be a goad remedy for the striped bug that bothers squashes, etc. Tha plague of flies can be very largely avoided, says a dairyman, by rub blng the horse end the cows all ovet with a sponge dippd in soapsuds in which a small quantity of carbolic acid has been mixed. There are several things which a horse needs in abundance in order to maintain perfect condition-. Amor.g them are air. light, exercise, pure water and the right kinds of food. Let him lack for any one of these, and he will not long remain at his very best. The man who makes general farming pay the best is the one who has some products that he can put on tha market every month. He is not tied down to any one crop or one brancU of stock raising, but branches out sufficiently, so that if one thing fails hi has other opportunities ready. We are sometimes surprised that cer tain Krtions of our crc.ps endutö drougth so much betttr. During th? favorable weather they made a strong root growth. The roots have the power to lay up nourishment for future use. If we wish to provide against a drouth give root growth the best p-ssible -portunity. Can the proportion of butter in mlilc le Increased by Judicious feeding? The testimony that it can be done is rapidly growing. The experiments f many cf the Etate stations ar.d of dairy experts have gained pretty exact Information, and show that certain foods rich in oil -. tend to produce an Increase in the butter fats in milk. A correspondent of the Indiana Farmer says: To protect fruit trees frc-m caterpillars take axle grease, tar or any other waxy substance, and apply on the limbs abjve the forks of the trees, and worms cannot cross, and therefore will starve, to death or drop off and not harm the tree. This is a cheap remedy for small trees just beginning to bear. Of the new fodder plant, the fiat pea (Lathyris Sylvestris), Prof. Kedzie. of the Michigan station, says two-year-old plants made a g xl growth, measuring three feet on July 13. A square rod cut cut July 12 yielded at the rate of slxteer, tons of green forage per acre, equal tc four tons of hay. Analysis shows tht plant to be very rich in nitrogen. Have you noticed what an early and rapid growth blue gras makes along tha graveled pike? Even Into the fields thU vigor is manifest for some little dis. tance. The queery at once arises, is 11 due P) the washing of the droppings on the road from the passing horses or ti the pulverized limestone dust? This is a theme now undergoing some experiment at the stations. . Canada grows better turnips than th United States. Nor can this country ever equal the Brjtish isles in this regard. To grow them with profit requires a summer less hot and less dry. If our weather continues long above GO or 70 degrees the turnip becomes pithy and worm eaten. The flavor is improved by slight freezing. A cooler climate makes them larger and sweeter. Tobacco stems have a wonderful effect upon the growth of grass. Upon pastun landj they produce better results tha

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