Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 January 1894 — Page 4

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL," WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 3, 1 69 4--TWELVE PAGES.

INDIANA STATE SENTINEL BY THE INDIANAPOLIS SENTINEL CO.

S. E. MORSS. President, BEN A. EATON, b. McCarthy. Secretary and TrMcarer. (Entered at (he Poatofllre at Indianapolis as second rlasa matter.) TERMS PER YEAR I Slnele ropy (la Advance) fl OO Me auk democrats to bear In mind and select their own state paper when ther come to take subscriptions and make op elans. leents making np clnbs send (or any Information desired. Address THE INDIANAPOLIS SENTINEL, Indianapolis, lad. TWELVE PAGES. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 3, lfcfM. The Chinese will register. Carry the news to Bos McKane. Mrs. Lease has been fired. Naturally she is quite hot about it. Senator Morgan proposes to build up a sentiment in favor of the annexation of Hawaii. He must give the people of this country credit for the possession of very little common sense. The principle on which the succession or legacy tax was adopted In Switzerland was that it was a means of equalizing fortunes. This country can afford to adopt it on the tame principle. V Philadelphia has just accepted a proposal for furnishing illuminating gas of twenty-two candle power at 23 cents per thousand feet. The city government should investigate this subject. We are paying more money for an inferior quality of gas. Pittsburg "social clubs," organized for the purpose of dispensing liquors without license, have Just received a black eye. The managers of one have been found guilty of violating the liquor law, and the judge sentenced them to three months in the workhouse and $500 fine. If Mrs. Lease is correct in her assumption that Governor dwelling's administration is worse than any ever given to the state by republicans it must be mighty tough; for with the possible exception of the carpet-bag rule in the South, Kansas has been the worst misgoverned state In the union. Two Havana doctors examined two bank notes and found on them 13,417 bacteria that they were able to count. Among them were the bacilli of erysipelas, diphtheria and tuberculosis, and one unknown microbe which speedily produced death when introduced in the blood of animals. If the much demanded greenback is as bacterious as Cuban money it will be well for people to have their salaries boiled before drawing. Prendergast, the slayer of Mayor Harrison, has been sentenced to be hanged. With all due respect to the jury we must beg to differ with its conclusion that I'rendergast was sane. We failed to find any evidence of a motive compatible with the theory of sanity. The verdict seems very like that in the Gulteau case fairly forced from the jury by the atmosphere of the court-room. Today there 13 scarcely a thoughtful man in the country who will contend that Gulteau was sane. Often verdicts of juries are closely akin to those found in Judge Lynch's court. It is encouraging to record that the natural gas of Indiana is rather Increasing than decreasing. Every new well that has been developed recently shows the most satisfactory results. Even old wells that have been regarded as nearly exhausted have developed a new life when properly treated A year ago false prophets arose in the gas belt and outside of It, and their direful prognostications had the effect of preventing enterprising manufacturers in other states from locating in Indiana. We think we may bid them come now without any fear of failure of the precious material. The sentencing of Brown, the wife murderer, at Columbus to be executed next April Is described as a most solemn and Impressive scene Wife murder has gTown Into a frequent crime within the last decade. It is to be hoped that Brown's fate may lead to the better treatment of wives by brutal husbands. The murder of a wife is simply the natural climax of a long series of harsh and inhuman treatment. The crime does not spring full fledged from a man's heart. It is the cap sheaf of minor cruellies that have been accumulating perhaps for many years. The first and earlier bad treatment of a wife or a husband is the time to prevent the serious results that will surely follow in the after time. Inventors to a large extent have been confined to the masculine portion of human kind. However, we owe to women some very important inventions. A cooking clock. Invented by a woman. Is likely to be welcomed with delight by those units of the fair sex who possess small means and live In cramped apartments. A worklngman's dinner-pail brought a considerable sum to the Michigan woman who Invented it. A prominent society woman of Brooklyn, Mrs. Lena Sittig, has invented a new waterproof garment called the "duck's back." Its special claim to women's favor Is the protection It affords to the bottom of thf-ir skirts and to their ankles. Miss Cynthia Westover Is another woman who has made her mark as an Inventor. She has patented an Improved dum:-cart, which 'has been practically tested and works like a charm. It may also be used In coaling vessels and the like. The "Coston signals" are the Invention of Mrs. Martha J. Coston. She derived the Idea, however, from her husband, who, before his death, had maie some preliminary experiments in the production

of signals to be used at night. Mrs. Coston by dint of patient labor finally perfected a code containing well-defined combinations of the three colored lights white, red and green indicating the numerals, and by this method a great number of messages may be conveyed. In twisting worsted yarn one day a wealthy New York lady had an Inspiration and she finally perfected a machine for twisting wire rope. She sold the patent for $50,000 in cash and received a royalty on future sales. It Is said that a Philadelphia lady first suggested the process by which hundreds of readymade barrels are turned out every day and which are now being used by the sugar and oil refineries. We shall probably have an increase of women inventors in the years to come as the various fields of enterprise and suggestion open to them

INCOME TAXES ARE CONSTITUTIONAL An interesting question has been sprung in connection with the proposed Income tax as to the constitutionality of such a measure. It Is urged that an income tax is a "direct tax," and that by the constitution direct taxes must be apportioned to the s-tates in proportion to population. This position is taken by the New York Sun, or at least it indicates that such Is its position by quoting with approval the following extract from the report for 1SS6 of Daniel Manning, Secretary of the treasury: Direct taxes must be apportioned among the several states according to their population. Our experience of the difficulties and inequalities of the direct tax. when applied to land, of which a square foot in one place is costlier than one hundred square miles in another place; or. when applied to individual incomes (the most direct tax conceivable, for when paid it cannot be shifted; it has no repercussion, which is the only common feature of the taxes held to be direct before war and had disturbed the vision of courts and legislatures) under the prescribed rule of apportionment to the states according to population, confines their utility to state purposes, and excludes them from the first purview of federal taxation. This may seem very conclusive, but as a matter of fact it Is altogether erroneous. The expression "direct taxes" in the national constitution Is one that has given rise to much discussion, and there has never been any specific decision of what it does mean. The supremo court, however, has at various times decided that it does not mean certain things, as that It docs not mean a tax on carriages, or a tax on succession to realty, or a tax on circulation of banks, or a tax on the gross receipts of railroads, or a tax on the receipts of Insurance companies, or a tax on the incomes of individuals. The court has several times intimated that this provision applies only to poll taxes and taxes on land. There are also some intimations as to a distinction between natural persons and corporations, and it is doubtful if the provision can le said to have any application whatever to corporations, because the provision is linked to that concerning representation, and the basis of apportionment is restricted to natural persons. If anyone were to say that the apportionment for representation should be in any way based on the number of corporations the absurdity of the proposition would at once be apparent; but the apportionment for direct taxes by the first article of the constitution is precisely the same. If corporations are necessarily excluded from the meaning of the words for one purpose they must be excluded for all purposes, and therefore the words would have no application whatever to taxes on corporations. Moreover, It is not at all clear that there Is any restriction in the constitution as to the method of apportioning direct taxes. True, the second section of the first article provides: Representatives ar.d direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several state:; which may be Included within this union according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons. Including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians, not taxed three-fifths of all other persons. But this section has been amended and the amendatory clause reads: Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the .whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. It will be observed that this provision of the fourteenth amendment omits "direct taxes," and ordinarily this would constitute a repeal by implication as to them. The Inference is the stronger In this case because if not repealed they must rest on the old apportionment basis of "free persons". and "all other persons," thus holding In the constitution the old recognition of slavery, which it was the purpose of the fourteenth amendment to expunge. We believe that the supreme court would hold this to be a repeal of the old constitutional restriction as to direct taxes. And it is a good thing It Is repealed. Hamilton expressed regret that so vague a term was put In the constitution, and the controversy as to Its meaning has justified his regret. Furthermore, it Is practically Impossible to administer direct taxation In strict accordance with the provision. Even a poll tax, which Is the one clear and undisputed form of direct tax, cannot be so levied, for the number of adult males subject to poll taxes In the .several states does not bear the same relation to total population, in the several states, but Is usually larger In the more recently settled portions. TWO VILLAGE MAIDENS. . The two pretty Greenfield girls who came over to the city to shop and neglected to Inform their parents of the fact, may thank their lucky stars that, they have been sent home safe. The whole affair, which Is described as a "girlish freak," is nevertheless a most unfortunate one for the girls, who by all accounts are pretty and respectable girls. They have been dragged Into notoriety in a most unpleasant manner, and If Greenfield be like most small places, will have a hard time to right themselves In the eyes of town gossips. The relatives who called the services of the police Into play before Investigating'

are to blame as well as the girls, whose thoughtlessness is unpardonable. The anxiety of the parents must be a reproach to the girls If they be at all amenable to finer Influences. Gossip is the curse of every town, and unlucky Is the girl who for one moment allows herself to become liable to remark. In most small towns there is but little to interest girls outside the church. This, of course, is the best Influence outside the home that a girl could have, but the wide-awake pastors, who know that young persons need society and who make the church meetings pleasant for young as well as old. are not found, as a rule, in small towns. As the young men grow up they migrate to larger cities and the girls are left with no society to furnish amusement. They have but one refuge for excitement, the street. One passing through the smaller towns on the cars is often amazed at the numbers of young girls, apparently of respectable standing, who congregate at the station and openly flirt with the men on the trains. The village postoffice, too, is a great place for girls who crave excitement, and is another dangerous influence brought to bear against a girl's refinement. Parents in small places as well as large should recognize the fact that their sons and daughters are young and crave excitement at home. They should also recognize the fact that the city Is full of dangers for the inexperienced boy or girl and should furnish the amusement at home which their children are sure to seek elsewhere. They should be the last persons on earth to drag their own children into public notoriety and should not call In the police and the press to unravel family affairs until the case grows desperate indeed.

Linn ARY OIISTRl'CTIOV. It Is to be regretted that every voter in the state could not have heard the interesting address of State Superintendent Vöries to the state association of librarians. He developed very fully and clearly the obstructive character of our library laws, and showed that they operated as an actual obstruction to the establishment and 'maintenance of libraries when the sentiment of the people favored them. In cities of 10,000 or more, by the law of issi, a free public library may be established and supported by taxation, but "Provided. That in any city where there is already established a library open to all the people no tax shall be levied for the purpose herein named." Under this the location of a county or township library in such a city would appear to bar the establishment of a city library. By the act of 1SS3 a tax may be levied to support a library in "an incorporated town," but not unless a library association has first been formed, and a library of the value of $7r0 has been collected by such association, and the same is made free to all the Inhabitants of such town. Under the act of 1S79 a library may be supported by a township by taxation, but not nnless such library of the value of $1,000 has first been formed by private donatiop. It is astonishing why such obstructions should be placed in the way of communities that may desire to establish and support libraries. If the people desire to have libraries for the benefit of the public and desire to tax themselves to supjmrt them, no good reason can be given why they should not be permitted to do so. And there can be no question that even such obstructions as these seriously interfere with the formation of public libraries. This may be easily seen from a comparison of the libraries of Indiana and the neighboring states. Of these Illinois has laws most favorable to the establishment of libraries. The laws are not compulsory, but no obstacles are interposed by them. In Michigan and Ohio the voters may tax themselves to support free libraries, but petitions must be made In order to have the question submitted to the people for a vote. Kentucky is most Illiberal of all In provisions for libraries. The result is shown in the number and extent of the libraries of the five states, containing 1,000 volumes or more, as given in the late report of the national bureau of education on this subject: No. of No. of No. to Li- Vols, and 100 Inbrarles. P'mphl'ts. h'bifnts. Kentucky .. C9 Indiana 105 373. 176 5I9.20G 814.111 1,402.071 1,883.051 20 25 39 41 4, Michigan ... 13.1 Ohio 193 Illinois 218 We believe that the people of Indiana are naturally as progressive as those of Michigan, Ohio and Illinois and that the real cause of this significant difference is to be found in the character of the legislation of the several states. The intelligent people of the state ought to see that these obstructions are removed. If people who see the evil effects of them would point these out to others, and especially to their representatives In the legislature, the system could easily be corrected. REVIVAL OF niSIXESS. The revival of manufacturing business has become to marked that even the case-hardened organs of protection have begun to notice it. The Textile World confesses the fact with surprise, and possibly some regret. It says: "Wc have heard it predicted for two months past that most of the mills starting up would have to shut down again very soon; we have thought so ourselves from the logic of events, but, contrary to these predictions, each week sees steady increase in the amount of machinery in operation. This gain may not of course hold on much longer, but it has been the case for the past six weeks, and we confess has surprised us. No doubt many mills are simply getting out samples, but there are many more running on- orders." This applies to all kinds of business, even those that were supposed to be most intimidated by the tariff. There were thirteen more blast furnaces In operation on Dec. 1 than on Nov. 1, and since then additional ones have been blown In by the Carnegies

j ad others. We have already noted the resumption of work by the plate glass ! factories in this state and also of numer

ous other local Industries. The same movement is to be noted throughout the country. Among factories that have resumed work or increased their forces since Dec. 1, we note gingham mills at Philadelphia, print works at Providence, three large concerns of various kinds at Tarrytown, lace mills at Palchogue, car shops in Wilmington, a cotton mill in Norwich, Conn., tanneries in Pittsburg, a carpet mill in Bristol, renn., glass works in Fostoria and Muncie. iron mines at Ishpeming, a furnace at Leetonia, O., railroad shops in Garrett, Ind., stove works at West Superior, a furniture factory at Grand Rapids, shirt and wagon factories in Ft. Wayne, car shops in Philadelphia, worsted mills in Kennett Square, a rolling mill near Reading, strawboard works at Titfin. O.. a woolen mill near Biddeford, spring and axle works at Ft. Tlain. N. Y., a thousand coke ovens near Greensburg. Pa., a shovel factory at Beaver Fall?, Pa,, a nail mill at Martin's Ferry, O.. a woolen mill at Louisville, Ky., a car company in Michigan City, the New York mills In Utica, a large glove factory in Amsterdam, cotton mills in New Bedford, several collieries near Wiikesbarre, an iron mine at Iron wood, Mich., a woolen mill at East Dedham, Mass.. cotton mills at Shelton, Conn., steel works and a blast furnace at Troy, a sewing machine factory at Woonsocket, cotton mills In Lancaster, Pa., several iron mills in Pittsburg, and' a knitting mill in Philadelphia-There has been a notable increase of business In the woolen industries. In addition to those named there have resumed work, during this month, knitting mills at Utica, knitting mills at Amsterdam, knitting mills at Bennington, woolen mills in Tilton. N. H., knitting mills in Poquonock, Conn., and in Cohoes, a twine mill In Fall River, a woolen mill in Fitchhurg, silk mills in Darby, Pa., lug; carpet mills in Kensington, a rug factory in Vineland. a silk mill In Easthampton,' a blanket mill in Cleveland, ami som? of the mills in New Bedford. Of course this is but a pn.rti.il list, but it shows the movement toward prosperity now that v.e have got rid of the pernicious financial legislation of ISM. All that is needed to hasien the return of good times is the adoption of the tariff reform lew. With that stimulus we shall ho.in see business nourishing ag.iin. THE ;oi.D PRODUCT. The gold lnor.oineUi Hist papers are congratulating themselves on the fact that the report of the director of the" mint shows an increase of the world's production of gold over last year. The mint estimate for IS.2 was ?131.S17,0"0. For 1S33 it is n42,0(,O09, ar.d this increase of about $11.200,000 is taken to indicate that there will b an abundance of gold in the future for il" basis of the world's business. It is 'di'TlcuH to s-e on what ground they place their faith. The world's stock of gold is supposed to be between four and five billions of dollars, probably mre. An increase of $142.000,000 annually would therefore not exceed 3 per e n:., ?nd the commerce of the world is increasing at a much greater rale than that. It h stated by Mulhall that commerce has increased forty-fold since the beginning of the century Thi would be a r. im -rcMse of about 43 p'-r cent, per annum, hut if the increase were only ono-fv;:r;h of that it would still be more ih in three times as great an increase as tho increase of gold. As a matter of fact the production . f gold has been slowly increasing for a number of years. In 1S73 it. is estimated by the mint to have been $112.."3.nrio, and since that time there has been a trend of increase, although the production of many years has been less. In 1S78 it reached $119.0r'2,000. In 1SS.3 it dropped to ??r,.3:J2,000, which was the smallest annual product of the period. Ditrirg the twenty years from 1873 to 193 the gold product has amounted, according to the mint estimate, to $2.210,061.000, or an average of $110,548.000 per year. Nevertheless during that period there have been shown numerous evidences that the increase was not sufficient for the needs of the world. Prices have fallen about HO per cent., owing to the appreciation of value of 4Told, and there have been more panics and monetary stringencies than were ever known In any fifty years of preceding history. Not only this, but these business depressions have been longer continued and more disastrous than any previously known. So closely are cause and effect connected that every civilized nation is now using its Ingenuity to prevent the exportation of gold. In this country there are a thousand business men who watch the quotations of sterling exchange where there was one In 1S73, and on all sides we hear the statement that our business depressions are due to "lack of confidence." Confidence in what? Confidence in the money they are using. Confidence that their governments will be able to get gold enough to maintain the paper money and silver token-money they are floating on a gold basis. They realize instinctively that there U not enough gold for the business of the world and they fear the effects of any pressure on the supply. Before the era of demonetization of silver, the product of gold and silver combined was reasonably proportionate to the increase of the world's business. In the last twenty years we have demonetized more silver than we have produced gold, and have also cut off the annual relief of increased silver production. It is practically certain that there Is less irredeemable money, less money of ultimate payment, In the world to- ' day than there was in 1873. In other j words the world's stock of gold today Is ! less than Its Joint stock of gold and sll- ' ver wu in 1S73. This is the prime cause

of the business troubles of the world, and the most serious question of the future is not whether there is or will be gold enough for the world's needs, but whether If silver were remonetlzed universally there would be enough gold and silver for the world's needs.

THE FARMER'S PORTION. The ag.'icultural editor of the Journal has broken out again, this time with the alarming information that the proposed Wilson bill is a serious injury to the farmer. We do not know that this will make any difference to the farmers, as they long since learned that the agricultural editor of the Journal could not tell the difference between a rutabaga and an Indian turnip to save his Immortal essence from perdition. The Journal makes the proposed injury "clearer" by the following tabulated statement: Duty. Product. Present. Proposed. Butter, per pound.. 6 cents 4 cents Cheese, per pound.. 6 cents 4 cents Milk, per gallon.... 5 cents Free Beans, per bushel.. 40 cents 25 cents Cabbage, each 3 cents Free Cider, per gallon.... 5 cents Free Apples, per bushel.. 23 cents Free Eggs, per dozen 5 cents Free Hops, per pound.... 15 cents Scents Hay, per ton $1 J2 Broom corn, per ton. 5S Free Honey, per gallon... 20 cents 10 cents Onions, per bushel... 40 cents 20 cents Peas, tvr bushel iO cents Free ! Potatoes 25 cents 10 cents It then quietly assumes that this reduction of duty will necessarily knock the stalls out of the home market and reduce that Interesting fabric to a wild waste. We submit that If there Is anything In this theory it ought to have been shown by the operation of the McKinley law. One of the chief features of that measure was the increase of duty on farm products of all kinds, for the purpose of excluding the pauper labor of Canada and other countries from competition with our farmers. We were informed that the degraded farmers of other countries were about to send their products here and undersell the highpriced, luxurious farmers cf America, and that the way to keep them out was to tax ourselves on their goods. An interesting statement of the result will le seen in the following comparison of the imports of a part ot such articles in 18S3 and in WZ: Imports. Product. Butter Cheese Milk ... 1SS9. 1SÜ2. $ 24.:'.77 $ K..549 1.135.1S4 1.23Uß; S5.1S5 D-..947 All vegetables 2.219,79 2.SS3.227 Barley 7.723.S3S 1,532.040 Corn 1,216 10.752 Outs 10.17S S.224 live 24 7.5-V7 Wheat 119.017 1.955.3S5 It will be observed from this table that there has been an Increase of importation of nearly everything except barley, and the importation of barley was only a local traffic of northern New York, where a numhfr of breweries used Canadian barley because It had better malting qualities than our own product. On the Journal's theory the increased taxes C'f the McKinley law have been a detriment to all farmers except the few who raise barley for the New York breweries, and they have been notably Injurious to the "truck farmers," for whose welfare the Journal is so solicitous. We would j therefore advise our contemporary to amend its theory. It is evidently out of ! rr-o i c u ö. i v. i f fc," t 4 tl 1 "' l i l TT j '.71 I i l. AID TO STUDENTS. It is generally understood that college education has been greatly cheapened in this country by means of endownrients and governmental aid, or ! perhaps more properly that it has been cheapened in proportion to the advantages given. Prof. Coulter of Lake Forest university has made an effort to show the expense to the colleges and universities from this system, and also the extent of the permanent investment for the benefit of students, in proportion to number, in the following tabulated statement: Annual expense Average for each student equipover and above ment receipts from for each students. student. 259 $2.1S7 .... 231 1,500 .... 105 635 .... 100 S72 .... 175 1.453 305 2.705 .... 14 1.410 Colleges. Wesley an .. Yale Evanston .. Wabash .... Amherst Harvard .... Williams ... Ann Arbor .... Minnesota Nebraska Princeton Hamilton Cornell 30) 1,200 2CA 2.4S0 10 813 250 1,800 135 2,000 242 1.210 Columbia 1,400 4,530 Wooster 50 ' 350 Lafayette CO 2.190 Brown 210 2.630 Belolt 105 700 Wisconsin 400 ' 2.S00 Lake Forest 92 C7S It will of course be understood that this statement is very much affected by the proportional number of students. A finely equipped institution will be - much more expensive per capita if the number of students Is small than If It is large. Columbia does not probably furnish greater advantages than Yale or Harvard or Cornell, but as the number of students Is smaller the expense of the university is greater for each student. The figures are Interesting as Indicating the enormous total of helps given to students. Including even those who pay their way without aid from scholarships or other helps. If we count the attendance at Ann Arbor at 1,200, which is a conservative figure, the annual expenditure over receipts from students would be $360,000. The United States Is liberal In educational matters. There la general rejoicing at the acquittal of Anna Wagner on the charge of poisoning the Koesters family. The, evidence had been followed closely by the entire community, and it reached the conclusion that she was innocent long before the jury did. It is unfortunate that this Hor girl has been placed in such an awkward predicament, yet no one can be blamed therefor. There was ample evidence, circumstantial though it was, to Justify holding her and brlng- , Ing an indictment. And It Is probably ! better for her that she should have been subjected to the trial which proved her Innocent than to have left her untried and open to suspicion. The sentiment of

the coma unity has undergone a. radical change in regard to hfr guilt a chang which could only have been brought about through the searching investigation of a formal trial a.- acquittal.

In connection with the kick of the pottery manufacturers over the proposed reduction of the pottery' tariff it may be mentioned that the McKinley law, by imposing a duty on packing, etc., of imported pottery made an increase of duty which the committee, in its report, said increased the duty "to the extent of at least 5 per cent." Immediately after the passage of the McKinley law the pottery trust, known as the American sanitary 'and plumbers' earthenware association, attempted to reduce the wages of employes over 20 per cent., but after a strike a reduction of 7 per cent, was accepted as a compromise. Possibly a reduction of the tariff will cause these people to restore the wages that were paid before the McKinley law was parsed. The death of Col. Charles A. Zollinger of Ft. Wayne will bring an unfeigned sense of grief to a wide circle in Indiana. He was a man of strong individuality, of rugged integrity and a great deal of what is called personal magnetism. He was loyal to his friends and open and above board when waging war on his enemies. In the community where he lived and died no man was held in higher esteem, and there was none whom the people so delighted to honor. To the democratic party of the Mate his loss will be a heavy one, for he was wise in Vounsel and strong in battle. To his family, who have lost a most considerate husband and father, and to the city of Ft. Wayne, which has lost a most exemplary citizen The Sentinel extends assurances of its sincere sympathy. GUITEAU'S CURSE. It Doewn'l Worry Thone Aernlnnt Whom It Was Hurled. Whatever may have been thought of the curse uttered by Gulteau at the time and many shuddered as it fell from his lips it is nevertheless true that it has yet to be fulfilled, for. with several exceptions, those responsible for his couvicli'n and dea'ih not only stni live, but. what is more, they still enjoy the blessings common to life. The district attorney. George B. Corkhill, who prosecuted the assassin; Judge John K. Porter of New York, also one of the prosecuting officers, and Juryman Thomas Heinline have since joined the great maj ority. So. too, have President Arthur, Attorney-General Brewster, Mr. Justice Bradley, who denied Guiteau's application for release by habeas corpus: Chief Justice Carter of the dis-' trict apellate court, which refused the condemned man a new trial; Mr. Randolph Coyle, who. with Mr. Hugh T. Taggart. drew the indictment, and Gen. Crocker, the warden of the district jail at the time and who. under the judgment of the court executed the murderer. On the other hand. Charles H. Reed, one of Guf'eau's counsel, has since died, and by his own hand, it is said. Judge Walter S. Cox. who presided at the trial with a forbearance and impartiality that wa-s the admiration of the country, still occupies an honored position on the bench of the district supreme court and is enjoying the best of health and fortune. The jury, upon whose heads the a-ssassin's curse, it is was held by those morbid minded people who believe in it. would fall most heavily, still live, with the single exception of Mr. Thomas Heinllne. who died a few years ago. It is unfortunately true that Juryman Michael Sheehan has been an inmate of the government asylum for the insane across the Anacosta for several years, but with these two exceptions the jury which held Gui- ! teau responsible for his deed still re main to enjoy the blessings of life and the consciousness of duty well and faithfully done. Speaking of the matter the other day. Mr. John P. Hamlin, who was foreman of th jury, stated that he frequently met his fellow members of the jury and knew that time and fortune were dealing kindly with them. He said that whatever effect Guitcau's curse had upon .other people, it had never troubled the minds or welfare of the Jury, and they had paid no more attention to It than they had done to the many other outbreaks of the wretched man during his long trial. The ten surviving members of the jury for he regarded poor Sheehan as having passed out of existence all lived in the city, and with them the trial and its incidents had almost passed out of their memory. Washington Star. Sisteen Times Married. Of all the extraordinary stories of female adventuresses, the account of the career of "Golden Hand." a Russian woman recently condemned to Siberia j for life, reads most like an effort of nction. Remarkably attractive and good looking and speaking fluently Russian, Roumanian, German, French and English, she had been married sixteen times and in turn ran away from each of her husbands, carrying off everything upon which she could lay her hands. Once before she was condemned to Siberia, but had not been there long before the chief overseer fell a victim to her wiles, married her and went to Constantinople. But after a few months his wife bolted and soon after was recognized in Moscow by a police official, who proceeded to arrest her. In response to her urgent pleadings, however, he delayed marching her off upon the spot, and, like the rest, speedily succumbed to her fascinations, with the result that the woman again escaped and lived some two years In Russia unmolested. But her sixteenth husband, after she had made off with the bulk of his worldly possessions, finding out who she really was, speedily landed her in jail, where the lawyer Intrusted with her defense had an opportunity of appreciating her skill as a pickpocket. When he went to see her in her cell she presented him with a gold watch and chain as a token of her gratitude for his efforts in her cause. Feeling in his pocket, he afterward discovered that the watch and chain were his own. London Tit-Bits. Feminine Hendgenr. O, Lili, Sandwich island queen. Excuse us If we state One thing which you, we think, should know Your crown is not on straight. Washington Star.

Awarded Highest Honors World's Fair.

UiOtP

The only Pure Cream of Tartar Powder. No Ammonia; No Alum. Used in Millions of Homes 40 Years the Standard

RAILROAD IGALIG.

A System That Agreeably Lassans tna Perils of Our Rail-ray Journeys. The chkf object of signaling on railroads is to inform tnginemen positively, at given points, whether they must top or proceed, and the universal method of conveying this information Is by a visible signal. Of all the different forma for signals that have been tried, tha disk and the semaphore are the only ones in use now. Figure 1 shows an electrically operated disk signal at DISK SIGNAL AT "DANGEH. "danger," and the dotted lines show th "safety" position. The semaphore signal (Fig. 2) is more positive in its indication because it is more easily discernabla than a disk. The safety position ot the semaphore is shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. The blade or arm carries a frame, f, in which a red gla Is fixed, so that at night, when the blade is raised to indicate danger, the lamp. L fastened on th bracket, b, will show a red light. When lowered for safety, th lamp is uncovered and of course shows white. The introduction and recent rapid ex tension of block signal systems of various kinds have led to the almont universal employment of semaphores, even where an absolute block system Is rot maintained. In these systems the roai is divided up into spaces or bWki, and no train -s allowed to enter any block unless the last preceding train shall have passed beyond Its limits. The limits of each space or block are marked by signals, usually semaphores, operated directly by a sipnal man, or else controlled by him through the intervention of compress.-d air and electricity. S.ime railroads, unable to incur tha expense of installing and maintaining & first-class block sjstcm. have provided sinrils a! eve ry regul ir station, where the station agents, being In telegraphic cominurdcati-'tj with one another, can, if nvH-esa-y. carry out a very fair "abS'b.tc" block system. Each station, then, marks the end of one section and the beginning of another. In times of heavy tralric, however, these Llocks between stations are too long, and It la quite usu ll to allow trains to follow ona another after an Interval of time, determined in each case to suit the cireumtanees. The practice thereby becomes "permissive," as opposed to "abS'dute" M'Kking. Railroads with very heavy traffic and traversing thickly settled regions have lately found it exjedient to equip thetr lines with this "absolute" 6stem, In. which, by a combination of mechanical and electrical devices, each lever that moves a signal Is locked in position by the man in the tower at the farther end of the block section, and can be unlocked only with the hitter's consent and co-operation. For example, a siff-FIC-2 Till? SEMAPHORE. nalman cannot lower his elpnaJ to "safety," in order to admit a train to the block ahead, without asking the operator at the next tower to unlock his (the first signalman's) lever. The man at the next tower will not do this unless he knows the block or section, is clear. Such, in subFtance, is tha block system, as illustrated and described at length in Science, Its advantages over the early "time Interval" system. In which everything depends upon the faithfulness and activity of the rear brakeman cf a train, are obvious KiNinc In the old time men and women who weie mere acquaintances exc hanged kisses in public and with a certain amount of ceremony, and a visitor to whom it was desired to show special civility was alwavs received with a kiss. The mode cf salutation has changed greatly with th? times. Haste and high pressure have contributed to render the form of greeting as brief as possible. Not only have we given up the oualnt. familiar'ways of our ancestors, but we hava also parted with much of that elaborate etiquette which in the last century played so large a part in the pocial life. The changed habits of society, tha greater mingling of the various grades, have brought a simplicity into the form of intercourse which strikes oddly upoa the senses of people accustomed to oldfashioned ceremony. "I always kiss the lady's hand when I take my leave of the hostess after a party," said a German lady, a descendant of one of the oldest families ir what used to be called Prussia. She was commenting rather severely on the habits anc1. customs of her adopted countryThe off-handed manner of girls toward" their mothers and of all young peoplo generally toward all older people drew forth her reprobation. Kissing is now confined to state ceremonies and to a few old-world lovers and gallants who have retained the ways of their greatgrandfathers. Notes and Queries. I Cure 1) j KM'pln, Constipation' and Chronic Nervous diseases. Dr. Shoop's Restorative, the great Nervo Tonic, by a newly discovered principle, also cures stomach, liver and kidney diseases, through the nerves that govern, these organs. Book and samples frea for 2c stamp. ' DR. SHOOP. Box X. Racine. Wis. owdei.

A ttNMs

j

v.