Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 December 1893 — Page 6

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER G, ISV3 TWELVE PAGES. - ...... . r -

Ulf

, . .

Conrlndrd from Flrat Van.

able information. and at all times serve a purpose of grat utility in keeping the army advised of tne worll's progress in all matters pertaining to the art of war. UKItIlTMi:XT OK JISTICE Ilet-nmmeiid the Abolition of the Fee Jylen Other it ait cut ions. The report of the attorney-general contains the usual summary of the affairs and proceedings of the department of Justice for the past year, toyethr with certain recommendations ad to needed legislation of various subject. I cannot too htartlly indorse the proposition that th fee system as applicable to the compensation of Vnited States attorney, marshals, clerks of federal courts and United States commissioners, should he abolished with as little dlay as possible. It is clearly in the interest of the community that the business of th court, both civil and criminal, shall be as small and as inexpensively conducted as the ends of justice will allow. The system ! thoroughly vicious which makes the compensation of court officials depend upon th-f volume of such business, and thus creates a conflict between the proper execution of the law anil private gain which can not fall to be dangerous to the rights and freedom of the citizen and an irresistible temptation to the unjustifiable expenditure of public funds. If. in addition to this reform, another was inaugurated which would Rive to l'nited State.- commissioners the final disposition of petty offenses within the Krade of misdemeanors, especially those coming under the internal revenue laws, a fcreat advance would be male toward a. more decent administration of the criminal law. In my first message f eontrress. dated lKc. K. lV.i, I strongly recommended these charges, and referred somewhat at length to tiie evils of the present system. Since that tin.e the criminal business of th federal courts and the expense attending it have enormously increased. The number of critnin.il prosecutions pending in th circuit and district courts of the United States the 1st day of July. lvO, wa.s ö.sos. f which I.VnI were for violations of the Internal revenue laws, while the number of sueh prosecutions pending on the 1st day of July. l:.: was 9.ö. in whieh 4.J-X wer for violations of th internal revenue 1 iws. The expense of the United States courts, exclusive of ji)lar's' salaries, for the year ending July 1. ISs", was $.". 74.7X1.11. and for the year ending July 1, lwi. was It.r.J.S.tfTil.ST. It was. therefore, apparent that the reasons given In l- for a change 'n the manner of enforcing the federal criminal law have gained cogency and strength by lapse of time. I a 'so heartily j"in tiie attorney-general !n recommending legislation fixing degrees of the crime of murder within federal Jurllietion. as has leen done in many of the states, authorizing writs of error on behalf of the government in cases where final judgment is rendered against the sufficiency of an indictment or against the government upon any other question arising before actual trial, limiting the right of review in cases of felony, punishable only by tine and imprlsoi ment to the circuit court of appeals, and making; speedy provisions for the construction of such prisons an 1 reformatories as may be necesary for the confinement of l'nited States convicts. Till: POSTAL MFIIVICK. F. fleet of the Hminew Strlngeury' Felt nellcleney lu IteeelptN. The report of the postmaster-general contains a detailM statement of the operations of the postofüce department during the last fiscal year, and much interesting information touching this important branch of the public service. The business of the mails indicate with absolute certainty the condition of the business of the country, und depression in financial affairs Inevitably and quickly reduces the postal revenues. Therefore a larger discrepancy than usual between the jostofrtce receipts and expenditures is the expected ami unavoidable result of the distressing stringency which has prevailed throughout the country during much of the time covered by the postmaster-general's report. At a date when better times were anticipated it was estimated by his predcessor that the deficiency on th 2'ith day of June, 1S03. would I? but a littl" over Jl..Vio,t. It amounted however, to more than $r.,ijnv.i. At the same tlm and under the Influence of like anticipations, estimates were made for the current fiscal year ending June So. 1MM, "which exhibited a surplus of revenue over expenditures of J71'.'J 15.71; but now. in view of the actual receipts and expenditures during that part of the current fiscal year already expired, the present postmastergeneral estimates that at its close, instead of a surplus, there will be a deficiency of nearly $.!'.!. The postollice receipts for the last fiscal year amounted to $".fO'..':.K. and its expenditures to Sl.f74,U'l.Pi). This post office deficiency would disappear or be immensely decreased if less matter was carried free through the mails, an Item cf which Is upward of three hundred tons of-seeds and grains from tiie agricultural department. The total number of postofllces in the United States on the 3oth day of June. lMW. was f..4'3, an Increase of l.Svt over the preceding year. Of those 3,3ti) were presidential, an increase in that class of L''4 over the preceding year. Forty-two free delivery offices were added during the year to those already existing, making a total of 610 cities and towns provided with free delivery on June 3), 1S:3. Ninety-three other cities and towns are cow entitled to this service under the law, but it has not been accorded them on account of Insufficient funds to meet the expense of Its establishment. I am of the opinion that the provisions of the present law permit as general an Introduction of this feature of the mail service as is necessary or Justlliable and that it ought not to be extend! to smaller communities than are now designated. The expense of free delivery for the fiscM year ending June uo. 14. will be more than eleven million dollars, and under legislation now existing there must re a constant Increase in this jtfm of expenditure. There were 6.4l additions to the doraestic money order offices during the last fiscal year, being the largest Increase in any year since the inauguration of the system. The total numter of these offices at the close of the year was Kl".4. There were 13.3CS.733 money orders issued from these otflces. being an increase over the preceding year of 1.242M, and the value of these ord:m amounted to J127.&7fi.4"3.w. an increase of $7.&.fa2.M. There was also paid during the year postal notes amounting to 112,903.07. 73. During the year 133 international moneyorder offices were added to those tJready provided, making a total of 2, H7 In operation on June 3. 1W. The number of international money orders issued during the year was l.(fi.V.9. an increase over the preceding year of and their value was XK341.S..7.s;. an increase of $1.221.r,i;.3L The number r,f orders paid was 3.m,3i7, an increase over the preceding year of 13,53. and their value was $.".23,373.70, an increase of r4.'4.K3. From this statement it appears tnat the total issue o: money orders and postal notes for the year arnounte! to S1.'6.r'1.34.24. The number of letters and packages mailed during the year for special delivery was 3,3....tj 1. an increase over the preceding year of nearly 22 per cent. The special delivery stamps used upon these letters and packages amounted to V.37.SG9.30 and the messengers fees ' paid for their de'i-.rv arrounf-d t- $j5k r,r ti having a j.iofit t th gov rnmen- of i80,S79. The railwaj mall service not only adds to the promptness of mail delivery at all .fnces. but it Is the especial instrumentality which puts the smaller and way-places In the service on an equality In that regard with the larger and terminal offices. This r.ranch of the postal service has therefore received much attention from the postmaster-general, and though it is gratifying to know that it is in a condition of high efficiency and great usefulness. I am led to agree with the postmaster-general that there Is room for further Improvement. There are now connected to the postoffice establishment 2i.3:'4 employe who are In the classified service. The head of this great department gives conclusive evidence of the value of civil service reform when, after an experience that renders his t uament on th subject absolutely reltaie, ne expresses the opinion thet without the benefit of this system it would Jxi im possil.le to conduct the vast business Intrusted to him. I deslro to command as especially worthy of prompt attention the suggestions of the post ma-ster-general relating to a more sensible ar. 1 business-like organisation and a better distribution of responsibility in his department. IlKiRTlKT OF TMK AW. Progress In the Conat raetlwn of .eir Veel E xperl m en tm. The report of the secretary of the navy contains a history of the operations of his department during the past year, and exhibits a most gratifying; condition of the

F

personnel of our navy. He presents a satisfactory account of the progress which has been made in the construction of vessels, and makes a number of recommendations to which attention is especially invited. During the past six months the demands for cruising vessels have been many and urgent. There have been revoluHons calling for vessels to protect Amerl- ! can interests In Nicaragua, Guatemala. Costa Itica. Honduras, Argentine and l!rarll, while the condition of affairs in Honolulu has required the constant presence of one or more ships. With all these calls upon our navy it becomes necessary, in order to make up a sufficient fleet to patrol the Hering eea under the modus vivendi aKreed upon with Great Hritain. to detail to that service one vessel from the fish commission and three from the revenue marine. ; Urogress In the construction of new vesI sols has not been as rapid as was anticli Dated. There have been delays In the completion of unarmored vessels, but for the most part th-y have been such as are constantly occurring, even In counries having the largest experience in naval ship building. The most erlous delays, however, nave been In the work upon armored ships. The trouble has been the failure of contractors to deliver armor as agreed. The difficulties seem now. however, to have 1 teen all overcome and armor is being de livered with satisfactory promptness. As a result of the experience acquired by shin-builders and designers and material men. it is believed that the dates when vessels will be completed can now be estimated with reasonable accuracy. Great guns, rapid-fire guns, torpedoes and powder are being promptly supplied. The following vessels of the new navy have been completed and are now ready for service: The double-turreted coast defence monitor Mlantonomah, the double-turreted coast defense monitor fonterey, the armored cruiser New York, the protected cruisers I'.altimore, Chicago, Philadelphia, Newark. San Francisco, Charleston. Atlanta and l?oston. the cruiser Detroit, the j gunhoats orktown. I nnrorJ, isennlngton. I Machias. Castlne and Petrel, the dispatch : vessel Dolphin, the practice vessel Han- ' croft, and the dynamite gunboat Vesuvius, j Of Ihcsn the Iiancroft, Machlas, Detroit and Castlne have been placed in commisI sion during the current calendar year. I The following vessels are In process of construction: The second -class battleships ' Maine and Texas, the cruisers Montgomery I and Marblehead. the coast defense monitors Terror, Puritan, AmphUrtte and MonI adnok. all of which will be completed with in one year; the harbor defense ram Katahdina. and the protected cruisers Columbia. Minneapolls. Olympia. Cincinnati and Jialeigh. all of which will be completed prior to July 1. lxd; the first-class battleships Iowa. Indiana. Massachusetts and Oregon, which will be .completed Feb. 1, 1. and the armored ' cruiser Brooklyn, which will be completed by Aug. 1. of that year. It Is also expected that the three gunboats authorized by the last congress will be completed In less than two years. Since 1KSÖ congress has, at each session, authorized the building of one or more vessels, and the secretary of the navy presents an earnest plea for the continuance of this plan. He recommends the authorization of at least one battle ship and six torpedo boats. While I am Oistinctly In favor of consistently pursuing the policy we have inaugurated of building up a thorough ami efficient navy. I cannot refrain from the suggestion that the congress should carefully take into account the number of unfinished vessels ort our hands, and the depleted condition of our treasury in considering the propriety of an appropriation at this time to begin tiew work. The method of employing mechanical labor at navy yards through boards of labor and making efficiency the sole test by which latorers are employed and continued, is producing the best results, and the secretary is earnestly devoting himself to its development. Attention Is invited to the statements of his report in regard to the workings of the system. DEPAHTMBXT OF Till-: IVTKUIOK. Effort to Ileflre I nwortliy nml Frna tlulent Prnnlunrr The Indiana. The secretary of the Interior has the supervision of so many important subjects that his report is ot especial value and interest. . On the Hoth day of June. 1S:C, there were on the pension rolls JHW.012 names, an- increase of 89.914 over the number on the rolls June Z 1S91 Of these there were seventeen widows and daughters of revolutionary soldiers, 5,425 survivors and widows of soldiers of the war of 1S12, 21.518 survivors and widows of the Mexican war, 3.&S2 survivors and widows of Indian wars, 2S4 army nurses, and 473,ßir survivors and widows and children of deceased soldiers and sailors of the war of the rebellion. The latter number represents those pensioned on account of disabilities or death resulting from army and navy service. The number of persons remaining on the rolls June 30, tH?3, who were pensioned under the act of June 27, which al lows pensions on account of death and disability not chargeable to army service, was 450,i."iö. The number added to the rolls during the year was l23.t34. and the number dropped was 33.Gi. The first payments on pensions allowed during the year amounted to 9.7'..öH4.98. This includes arrears, or the accumulation between the time from which the allowance of pensions dates and the time of actually granting the certificates. Although the law of 1S permits pensions for disabilities not related to military service, yet as a requisite to Its benefits a disability must exist. Incapacitating applicants from "the performance of manual lalxr to such a degree as to render them unable to earn a support." Kxecution of this law In Its early stages does not seem to have been In accord with its true Intention, but toward the close of the last administration an authoritative construction was given to the statute, and since that time this construction has been followed. This has had the effect of limiting the operation of the law to Its Intended purpose. The discovery having been made that many names had been put on the pension roll by means of wholesale and gigantic frauds, the commissioner suspended payments upon a number of pension.-! which seemed to be fraudulent or unauthorized, pending a complete examination, giving notice to the pensioners, in order that they might have an opportunity to establish, if possible, the Justice of their claims, notwithstanding apparent invalidity This, I understand, is the practice which has for a long time prevailed in the pension bareau. but after entering upon tnese recent Investigations the commissioner modind this rule so as not to allow, until after a complete examination, Interference with the payment of a pension apparently not altogether void, but which merely had been fixed at a rate higher than that authorized by law. I am unable to understand why fraudi in the pension rolls should not be exjosed and corrected with thoroughness and vigor. Every name fraudulently put upon these rolls is a Wicke! imposition upon the kindly sentiment In which pensions have their origin. Every fraudulent pensioner has become a bad citizen: every false oath in support of a pension has made perjury more common, and false and undeserving pensioners rob the people, not only of their money, but of the patriotic sentiment which the survivors of a war, fought for the preservation of the union, ought to inspire. Thousands of neigh borhTods have their wellknown fraudulent pensioners, and recent developments by the bureau establish appalling conspiracies to accomplish pension frauds. H no means the least wrong done Is to brave and deserving pensioners who certainly ought not to be condemned to such association. Those who attempt. In the line of duty, to rectify these wrongs should not lx accused of enmity or indifference to the claims of honesty. The sum expended on account of pensions forMhe Year ending June 30, 1SD3. was $1.6.74,4'7.14. The commissioner estimates that ll'i.'i.O'in.O.in wilt be required to pay pensions durin the year end tu June 30, Condition of the Indiana. The condition of the Indians and their ultimate fate are subjects which are related to a sacred duty of the government, and which strongly appeal to the sense of Justice and the sympathy of our people. Our Indians number about 218,000. Most of them are located on 161 reservations, containing 86.116,531 acres of land. About HO.OoO of these Indians have, to a large degree, adopted civilized customs. I .a nds in several territories have been allotted to many of them. Such allotments have been made to 10.000 individuals during the last fiscal year, embracing about one million acres. The number of Indian government schools oiend during the yeur was 1!C, an Increase Of twelve over the Drecel!ng yeur. Of this total 170 were on reservations, of which seventy-three were boarding school and ninety-seven were day schools. Twenty boarding schools and five (Lay schools, supported by the government, were not located on reservations. The total number

of Jndian children enrolled during the year as attendants of all schools was 21,133, an Increase of 1,231 over the. enrollment for

tne previous year. I am sure that secular, education and moral and religious teaching must be Im portant factors In any effort to save the maian and lead him to civilization. I bei.lieve. too, that the relinquishment of tribal relations, and the holding or land in severalty may. In favorable conditions, aid this consummation. It seems to me. how ever, that allotments of land in severalty ought to be made with irreat care If hastily done, before the Indian kTiows its : meaning, while yet he has little or no iaea or tilling a larm. and no conception . of thrift, there Is great danger that a res- . ervatton Ufa In tribal relations may be exchanged for the pauperism of civilization, , Instead of Its Independence and elevation. The solution of the Indian probier depends very largely. uoon good administra tion. The personal fitness of scents and their adaptability to he peculiar duty of caring ror tneir wards, is or tne utmost im portance. The law providing that, except in especial cases, ar.ry officers shall be detailed as Indian agents. It Is honed will prove a successful experiment. There Is danger of great abuses creeping into the prosecution of claims for Indian depredations, and I recommend that every possible safeguard be provided against tne enforcement of unjust and fictitious claims of . this description. The appropriations on J account of the Indian bureau for the year ending June 30, 1S4, amount to 7.94.962.09, a decrease as compared with the year preceding it of $087.131.95. To Ifeeerve the Public Lnnita. The vast area of land which but a short time ago constituted the public domain is rapidly falling Into private hands. It Is certain that in the transfer the beneficient I intention of the government to supply from its domain homes to the industrious and worthy home-seekers Is often frustrated. Though the speculator, who stands with extortionate purpose between the land office and those who, with their families, are Invited by the government to settle on the public lands is a despicable character, who ought not to be tolerated, yet it is difficult to thwart his schemes. The recent opening to settlement of the lands In the Cherokee outlet, embracing an area of 6.S0tf,UJ acres, notwithstanding the utmost care In framing the regulations governing the locations and notwithstanding the presence of l'nited States troops, furnished us an exhibition, though, perhaps, in a modified degree, of the mad, scramble, the violence, and the fraudulent occupation which have accompanied previous openings of public land. I concur with the secretary in the belief that these outrageous incidents cannot be entirely .prevented without a change in the latfä on the subject, and I hope his recommendations in that direction will be favorably considered. I especially commend to the attention of the congress the statements contained In the secretary's report concerning forestry. The time has come when efficient measures should be taken for the preservation of our forests from indiscriminate and remediless destruction. UEPAH1.MEXT OF AGItlCVLTlHE. Economical Reforms by Secretary Morton Exports and Imports , , The report of the secretary of agricalturt will be found exceedingly Interesting, especially to that large part of our citizens intimately concerned In agricultural occupations. On the 7th day of March, ISM. there were upon its pay-rolls 2,130 employes o the department. This number has been reduced, to 1.KJÖ persons. In view of a depleted public treasury and imperative demand of the people for economy In the administration of their government, the secretary has entered upon the task of rationally reducing expenditures by eliminating from the payrolls of all persons not neede? for an efficient conduct of the affairs of the department. During the first quarter of the present fiscal year the expenses of the department aggregated $345,876.76. as against $402.012.42 for the corresponding period of the fiscal year ending June 30. 1S93. The secretary makes apparent his Intention to continue this rate of reduction by submitting estimates for the next fiscal year, less by $w4.2?o than those for the present year. Among the heads of divisions of this department the changes have been exceedingly few. These vacancies, occurring from death and resignations, have been filled by the promotions of assistants In the same divisions. These promotions of experienced and faithful assistants have not only been in the interest of efficient worL. but have suggested to those In the department who look for retention and promotion, that merit and devotion to duty are their best reliance. The amount appropriated for the bureau of animal industry for the current year is $.')'i"; the estimate for the ensuing year Is $!toK.noo. The regulations of 12. concerning Texas fever, have been enforced during the last year, and the large stock yards cf the country have been kept free from Infection. Occasional local outbreaks have been largely such as could have been effectually guarded against by the owners of the affected cattle. While contagious pleuro-pneumonia in cattle has been eradicated, animal tuberculosis, a disease widespread and more dangerous to human life than pleuro-pneumonia, is still prevalent. Investigations have been made during the past year as to the means of its communication and the method of its correct diagnosis. Much progress has been made In this direction by the studies of the division of animal athology, but the work ought to be extended In co-operation with local authorities, until the danger to human life arising from this cause Is reduced to a minimum. The number of animals arriving from Canada during the year and Inspected by bureau officers was 461, 072, and the number from transatlantic countries was 1.297. No contagious diseases were found among the Imported animals. The total number of Inspections of cattle for export during the past fiscal year was 611.342. The exports show a falling off of about 25 per cent, from the preceding year, the decrease occurring entirely In the last half of the year. This suggests rthat the falling off may have been largely due to an Increase in the price of American export cattle. During the year ending June 30, ISM. exports of Inspected pork aggregated 20.677.410 pounds, as against 3S.152.K74 pounds for the preceding year. The falling off in this export was not confined, however, to inspected pork, the total quantity exported for I8?t being 66T.4i.6l pounds, while In 18P3 it was only 627.3S6.6J6 pounds. I join the secretary In recommending that hereafter each applicant for the position of inspector or assistant Inspector in the bureau of animal industry be required, as a condition precedent to his appointment, to exhibit to the United States civil service commission his diploma from an established, regular and reputable veterinary college, and that his appointment be supplemented by such an examination in veterinary science as the commission may prescribe. The exports of agricultural products from the United States for the fiscal year ending June 30, IS'2, attained the enormous figure of $S"0,oO,000 In round numbers, being 78.8 per cent, of our total exports. In the last fiscal year this aggregate was greatly reduced, but, nevertheless, reached $615,0i0,000, being 75.1 per cent, of all American commodities exported. A review of our agricultural exports, with special reference to their destination, will show that In almost every line the United Kingdom of Great Eritain and Ireland absorbs by far the largest proportion. Of cattle the total exports aggregated In value for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1S&3, $26,000. 0. of which Great Britain took considerable over $25,000,000. Of beef products of all kinds our total exports were ,$2S,üuflf000. of which Great Hritain took $24.ou0,000. Of other products the total exports were-f-x4.nnO.niin, of which Great Britain -took $7j3.0 10,000. In breadatuffs. cotton and minor products like proportions sent to the same destination are shown. The work of the statistical division of the department of agriculture deals with all that relates to the economics of farming. The main purpose of its monthly reports is to keep the farmers Informed as fully as possible of all matters having any Influence upon the world's markets in which their products find sale. Its publications re'ate especially to ; the commercial side of farming. It Is, therefore, of profound importance and vital concern to the farmers of the United States, who rep resent nearly one-half of our population, and also of direct interest to the whole country, that the work of this division be efficiently performed, and that the information it has gathered be. promptly diffused. It is a matter for congratulation to know that the secretary will not tpare any effort to make this part of the work thcoughly useful. Distribution or Meeds. v In the year 1833 congress appropriated. $1.000. to be taken from the patent : office funds, for the purpose of collecting and distributing rare and Improved varieties of seeds, and for prosecuting agricultural investigations and procuring agricultural statistic. From this small beginning the seed division of the department of agriculture has grown to Its precent unwieldy and unjustifiably extravagant proportions. During the btst fiscal year the cost of seeds purchased was $tt.548.61. The re-, .malnder of an appropriation of $l35.ooo was expended In printing the maps and distributing ' them. It surely never could have entered the minds of those who first sanctioned appropriations of public

money for the purchase of new and -Im- J

proved. Värietle's''of seeds for gratuitous distribution that from this would grow large appropriations for the purchase and distribution by members of., congress of ordinary seedä, bulbs and cuttings which are common In all the states and territories and everywhere easily obtained at low prices. In each : state and territory an agricultural experiment station -has been establishedv These stations, by their very character and name, are the proper agencies to experiment with and test new varieties of seeds; and yet this Indiscriminate and wasteful distribution by legislation and legislators continues, answering no purpose unless to remind constituent's that their " representatives are willing to remember them with gratuities at the public cost. Under the sanction ol existing legislation' there was sent out from the agricultural department during" the last fiscal year enough jt cabbage seed to plant 19,'JuO aores of land, a sufficient quantity of beans to plant 4.U00 acres, beet seed enough to plant 2,.rno atres, sweet corn enough to plant1 7,800 acres, sufficient cucumber seed to cover 2.025 acres with vines and enough muskmelon and watermelon seeds to plant 675 acres.. The total quantity of flowers and vegetable seeds thus distributed was contained in more than nine million packages and they were sufficient, if planted, to cover 8t.r&6 acres of land. In view of these facts, this enormous expenditure without legitimate returns of benefit, ought to be abolished.1 Anticipating a consummation so manifestly In the Interest of good administration, more than $100.000 has been stricken from the estimate made' to cover this object for the year ending June 3i, lsyl; and the secretary recommenda that the-remaining $35.000 of estimate be confined strictly to the purchase of . new and lmproed varieties ofseeds, and . that these be distributed through experimenting stations. Thus the need will be tested, and after the test has teen completed by the experimenting station the propogatlnn of the useful varieties and the rejection of the valueless may safely be. left to the common sense of the people.

civiii SEnvicrj nEFomi. Statuary Effect of the Luit Which Is Founded on Common Sense. The continued Intelligent execution of the civil service law and the. increased approval" by the people of Its operation are inost .gratifying. The recent extension of itjj limitations and regulations to the employes at free delivery postoffices, which has been honestly and promptly accomplished by the commission, with the hearty co-operation of the postmaster-general, is an immensely important advance In the usefulness of the system. I am. if possible, more than ever convinced 'Of the incalculable benefits conferred rby the civil service law, not only In Its effect upon the fmblic service, Imt also, what Is even more mportant, in Its effect in elevating the tone of political life generalty. The course of civil service reform in this country Instructively and interestingly illustrates how . strong a hold a movement gains upon our people whieh has tinderlying a sentiment of justice and right, and which at the same time promises a better administration of their government. The law embodying this reform found its way to, our statute books, more from fear of the popular sentiment existing in its favor than from any love of the reform Itself on the part , of legislators; .and it has lived, and grown, and flourished In spite of the covered as well as -open hostilities of spoilsmen, and notwithstanding the querulous impractibility of many selfconstitued guardians. Beneath all the vagaries and sublimated theories, which are attracted to it, there underlies this reform a sturdy, common-sense principle, not only suited to this mundane sphere, but whose application our people are more and more recognizing, to be absolutely essential to the most successful operation of their government and its-perpetuity. It seems to me to be entirely inconsistent with the character of this reform as well as with Its best enforcement, to oblige the commission to rely for clerical assistance upon clerks detailed from other -departments. There ought not to be such a condition In any department that clerks hired to do work -there can be spared to habitually , workat- another place, and it does not accord with a sensible view of civil service reform that persons should be employed on the theory that their labor Is necessary in one. department, when, in point of fact, their services are devoted to entirely different Work in another department. I earnestly urge that the clerks necessary to carry, on the work of the commission be regularly put upon . Its roster, and that the system of obliging the commissioners to- rely upon the services of clerks belonging to other departments be discontinued. This -ought not to increase the expanse . to. Jh4 . government, i while it would certainly''' he" 'more' consistent and add-greatly to-the etliciency of the commission.. . ,i . j I'Oll TARIFF. ItKFOIlM. The Supreme 1)uty of the Pnrly to Act In the People'a Behalf. Economy in public expenditure is a duty that cannot innocently be neglected by those Intrusted with .the control of money drawn from "the eople for public uses. It must be confessed that our -apparently endless resource the familiarity of our people with Immense accumulations of wealth, the growing 'sentiment among them that the expenditure of public moneyshould in some manner he to their immediate and personal advantage, the indirect and almost stealthy, manner In which a large part of our taxes are exacted and a degenerated sense' of official accountability have led to growing extravagance In governmental appropriations. At this time, when a depleted public treasury confronts us, when many of our people are engaged in a struggle for the necessities of life, and when forced .economy is pressing upon the great mass.of our countrymen, I desire to urge with all the earnestness at my command that congressional legislation be so limited by strict economy as to exhibit an appreciation of the condition of the treasury and-a sympathy with the straitened circumstances of our fellowcitizens. The -duty Of public economy Is also of Immense Importance in its intimate and necessary relatlono the task now in hand of providing revenue to 'meet government expenditures, and yet reducing the people's burden of federal taxation. After a hard struggle tariff,, reform is directly before us. Nothing soi Important claims our attention, and notlrtng so clearly presents Itself, as both an opportunity -and a duty an opportunity to deserve the gratitude of our fellow-citizens and a duty Imposed upon us by our oft-repeated professions, and bV the emphatic mandate of the people. After a full discussion our countrymen have spoken In favor of this reform, and they have confided the work of its accomplishment to the hand of those who are solemnly pledged to it. - If. there Is anything In the theory of a representation in public places of the people and their desires, if public officers are servants of the people, and if tolitical firomise and professions have any bindng force, our failure to give- the relief so long awaited will be sheer recreancy. Nothing should intervene to distract our attention ct disturb our effort until this reform is accomplished by wise and careful legislation. - . While V should stanchly adhere to the principle that only the necessity of revenue justifies the imposition of tariff duties and otner renerai taxation, ana that they should be limited -by strict economy, we cannot close our eyes to the fact that conditions have grown up among us which. In Justice and fairness, call for discriminating care in the distribution of such duties and taxation as the emergencies of our government actually demand. Manifestly, if we are to aid the people dlpectly through tariff reform, one of its most obvious features should be a reduction in presenti tariff charges upon the necessaries t?f life. The benefits of such a reduction would be palpable and substantial, seen and felt by thousands, who would be better fed and better clothed and better sheltered.. These gifts should ba the willing benefactions of a government whose highest function Is the promotion ot the welfare of the people. . ioi IMS cioseiy reiaiea to our peoples prosperity anil well-being Is the removal of restrictions upon the Importation of raw materials necessary to our manufactures. The world should be open to our national ingenuity and enterprise. This cannot be while federal legislation, through the imposition -of high tariff,- forbids to American .manufacturer as cheap materials as those used by their competitors. It Is quite obvious that the enhancement of the? price of our manufactured products resulting from, this policy, not Only con fines the market for those products within our own bor'lers-ta.the direct disadvantage of our manufacturers, but also increases their cost to our citizens. The interests of labor .are , certainly, though indirectly; Involved In this feature of our tu-rift system. The sharp competition and active struggle among our -manufacturers to supply the llmitea demand for tneir goois. soon fill the narrow market to which they are con fined. Then follows a suspension of work in mills and factories, a discharge of employes, and distress In the homes of our worKingmerh H,ven-ir tne orten disproved assertion .could be made good, that a lower rate of wages xrould result from free raw materials and low tariff duties, the in telligence of pur workingmea leads them.

to discover that their steady empbwrment. permitted by free raw materials. 1 the most important factor In their relation to tariff legislation. The "Wilson Dill. .A measure has been prepared by the Jpropriate congressional commtttee embodying tariff reform on the lines herea suggested,, which will be promptly submitted for legislative action.. It la the result of much patriotic and unselfish work, and I believe It deals with Its subjects consistently and as thoroughly as . existing conditions permit. I am satisfied that the reduced tariff duties provided for in the proposed legislation, added to existing Internal revenue taxation, will In the near future, though, perhaps, not- Immediately, produce sufficient revenue to meet the needs of the government. The committee, after full consideration, and - to provide against n, temporary deficiency which may exist before the business of the country adjusts Itself to the new tariff schedules, has wisely embraced In Its plan a few additional Internal revenue taxes. Including a small tax upon Incomes derived from certain corporate Investments. These new assessments are not only, but absolutely. Just and easily borne, but they have the further merit of being such as can be remitted without unfavorable business disturbance whenever the necessity of their imposition no longer exists. In my great desire for the success of this measure I cannot restrain the suggestion that its success can only be attained by means of unselfish counsel on the part of the friends of tariff , reform and as a result of their willingness to subordinate personal desires and ambitions to the general good. The local Interests affected by the proposed reform are so numerous and so varied that If all are insisted upon the legislation embodying the reform must ine1tably fail. In conclusion my Intense feeling of re sponsibllity Impels me to invoke, for the manifold interests of a generous and confiding people, the most scrupulous care and pledge my willing support to every legislative effort for the advancement of the greatness and prosperity of our beloved country. GUOVER CLEVELAND. WASHINGTON, Dec 4. It is not often that the public awaits a president's message with the Intense Interest which has been manifested- In the document today sent to congress. The message was listened to with close attention in both houses and the views of members on the document are pertinent and interesting Just at this time. Senator Voorhees "In the main the message Is a sound, strong document.

I have not examined it critically and cannot go into details. I think It will be well received by the country. Senator McPberson "It is excellent all the way through. I waa especially pleased with the recommendations in regard to the general finances and the tariff and as to the principles involved in the tariff bill." Senator Murphy "It la a good message." Senator Palmer "The president goes more into detail than is usual with him. The suggestions are generally in the line of democratic thought. The paragraph relating to Hawaii merely showed the president's intention to take the question up again. I have no especial objection to what he says regarding pensions, but I have an idea that his Impressions are wide of the .mark concerning fraudulent pensions. I do not know how it is among the colored er.soldiers of the South, but iry. Information leads me to believe that In the North not 2 per cent, of the 'pensions are fraudulent." Senator Kyle "There was nothing striking In the message, though it contained some good points. I was pleased with its recommendations for an income tax, but what he said about Hawaii and his recommendation concerning the Issuance of bonds were not to my liking." Senator Morrill "The president's indorsement of a tariff bill not yet agreed upon in committee was vvy unexpected, and remarkable." Senator Hoar "It was a most remarkable message in several respects. It treats the important questions affecting the welfare of the country feebly and briefly. The imputation of the president concerning tivllservlce reform to the effect that the law was enacted because of fear of public opinion and not, because of the conviction of the legislators who enacted it Is Without precedent. This reflection comes with an ill grace from a president who has dealt, as the existing president has dealt, vvith the consular service of the United States without even taking advice of his secretary of state and whose appointment of Van Alen has been such an offense to the country's sense of decency." Senator Mitchell of Oregon "I was very much surprised to learn from the message's reference to Hawaii that the proposition is really entertained by the administration to re-enthrone the queen. The Wilson bill, which the president indorses, strikes a fatal blow at all the industries of the Pacific coast." Senator Hale "The message Is made up of details. As to Hawaii he leaves that to the future. We expected him to favor the Wilson bill, and the republicans are opposed to It." Senator Power "I understand the message was printed In London this morning. It should have been given out there yesterday so our British neighbors could have had time to tell u what to do about it." Senator Hawley "The message- lacks vigor and Is a disappointment. The president's talk about tariff Is commonplace in the extreme and his remarks concerning the work of the ways and means committee are not Justified by any information the country- has. There have been no meetings of the full committee to consider some of these questions." . . Senator Jones of Nevada "The message contains no suggestions or recommendations which hold out any 'hope for sliver wl.lle the present administration Is in power." Senator riatt "It scarcely deserves comment." Have Yon Asthma?Dr. R. Schiffmann, St. Paul. Minn., will mall a trial package of Sehlffmann's Asthma Cure free to any sufferer. He advertises by giving it away. Never falls to give instant relief in worst cases and cures where others fail. Nam this paper and send your name and address for a free trial package. FOR SALE MISCELLANEOUS. U. S. PATENT FOR VALUABLE PIECE of machinery, or will trade for good farm land in Indiana or adjoining states. E. J. Thickstun. Belmont, Ind. AWOl'XCEMEXTS. SOMETHING PRACTICAL - THE IMR roved Daisy Fence Machine and the ew Daisy Wire Keel. - Address Ziegler & Harmon. Anderson, Ind. 11 NOTICE. NOTICE NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that Lawrence Lod;e, No. 358, K. of H., will elect their trustees on, Wednesday evening. Deo.-7, t3. JAS. K. WHITE. Reporter. ADMIN ISTItATOU'S SALE OF FEUSON AL mOPEHTY. State of Indiana, County of Marion. In the matter of the Estate of William Sanders, deceas.nl Notice Is hereby given that the undersigned, administrator of the estate of William Sanders, deceased, will - offer for sale at public auction at the late residence of said decedent. In Decatur townhin. in said county and state, on Thurs day, the 21st-day of December. 1893, the personal property vi ?aiu wtir, vumemsilng of horses, cattle, hogs,' milk cows, four brood sows, corn in crib 1 and In hock, oats In bin, hay in mow, fodder in shock, nhnut thirty (30) acres of growing wheatone two-horse wagon, one spring wagon, one top-buggy, one sumy piow. one d reading plow, single and . double shovel plows, one corn drill, one corn planter, one marker one two-horse wheat drill. one set double harness, one pair single harness and other axticles too numerous to menllSale to begin at 2 o'clock pi' m. of said da y. ' " . Terms of Sale All sums of Five Dollar and under, cash in hand; over Five Dol lars, a credit ot nine montns win De given, the Durchaser giving his note therefor. with approved security, note to bear six per cent, per annum interest from ma turity until paid, ana it not paja at maturity to bear six per cent, per annum inter est from date of sale. JOHN HAMJEI13, Administrator. Samuel Reagan, Auctioneer. - - -

MET AT HIGH iOH

Firsf Regular Day of She Fifty-Third Congress. Crowds in the Galleries to See and Hear. INDIANA MEMBERS RETURN The Two New Dills of Representative Martin Touching the Question of Pensions and Pensioners. The neadinar of the 31esang;e In the Senate and Houae Scenes In the Two Hodleie Flower for Some of the Member Some Disappointed at the Amount of Spare Devoted to the Hawaiian Question. BUREAU OF THE SEXTINEL,, WASHINGTON, D. C, Dec. 4. Congress convened today with the usual formality and the capacity of the galleries was tried by the crowds that throng-ed to hear President Cleveland's view on national matters and his Instruction to congress. After the reading of the message sorrowful announcement was made of the death of the two noted Pennsylvania members, 0'Nil and Lilley. Adjournment in respect of the deceased pre cluded any discussion or consideration cf the ways and means report. . Mr. Bynum was accosted by The Sentlntl for his views upon the revenue feature of the new tariff bill, and while he questions the propriety of giving information upon euch features, he expressed an opinion that the bill now In the hands of the committee on ways and means ready to be reported, contains all that will be embodied in it as a tariff reform measure. Another Revenue BUI eoear-. Mr. Bynum says that another bill will necessarily be drawn to include the revenue provisions, but when such a measure will be ready for presentation he cannot foretell. The falling of Speaker Crisp's gavel found not only the Indiana members who remained In Washington during the recess In their seats, but all the others who also enjoyed a vacation of more or less extentlon were likewise ready to proceed with the new business. While the Hon. Jason Brown has been here since Saturday he has been confined to his home by some severe fever blisters on his mouth. His colleagues appear greatly refreshed by the restMr. Martin and Pension. Mr. Martin comes back with two very Important pension measures, which he introduced this afternoon, and being the first bills offered In this congress, they number one and two. His first bill declares a. pension a vested right, and In sec. 1 he provides that the pension cannot be suspended for any time until due notice be given the pensioner that after full investigation he is found to be without title to his claims. Sec. 2 gives every pensioner or his attorney perfect right to inspect every paper in the case. The next section gives the right to appeal a case from the secretary of the Interior and take it to th supreme court of the District of Columbia. The second bill prepared and introduced by Mr. Martin Is of similar nature and defines sundry crimes against the United States In the administration of the pension laws. It provides punishment of fine and imprisonment to anyone making false statements to the pension department or to anyone making a false claim. This also applies to any person who makes a false statement to a pensioner concerning his pension to the effect that his pension has either been granted or refused. Mr. Martin does not think the pensioner should be scared in this manner and he is going to legislate to prepare him and secure a fair hearing. Other Miittrm. J. D. Murray, editor of one of the Peoria papers and secretary to Congressman Bretz, and Mr. Brown's secretary. Mr. Gladden, came in today. The Bankers national bank of Chicago has been approved as the reserve agent Tor the First national bank of Vincennes. Indiana pensions: Original John B. Neal, Shoals, Martin; Samuel Hippensteel, IJamsville. Wabash; William C. Green, South Bend, St. Joseph; Harrison C. Lamb, Galena. Floyd. Increase Thomas Kellon, Terre Haute, Vigo; Robert D. Edingfield, Zanesville, Wells; Benjamin F. Gillilan, Darlington, Montgomery; Felix Stahl, Evansvllle, Vanderburg; John M. Short, New Albany, Floyd; George Klnkle, Evansvllle, Vanderburg. Reissue John B. Butcher, Poplar Grove, Howard; Thomas B. McCart, Orangeville. Orange; Andrew Ensminger, Shelby ville. SHielby; Calvin Dlckerson, Shepherd, Boone. Reissue and Increase Thomas M. Wright, Snow Hill, Randolph. Original Widows, Etc. Catharine Schmidt. Indianapolis, Marion; Amanda Canson. Saratoga, Randolph: Mary M- Giles, Salem, Washington; Nancy Boren (mother), Bothel, Wayne; Martin T. Stewart (father). Marengo. Crawford; Hannah Kennedy. Lafayette, Tippecanoe. Original Widows, Supplemental Minors of William H. Thompson, Terre Haute. Vigo. Original Widows, Renewal and Reiswue Margaret M. Rice, Clarks Hill, Tippecanoe. MEETIXG OF TIIK SCT VTK. Flower for Mesum. Voorhee and "Tnrple Other Xmti. The first ree-ular session of the Fiftythird congress convened at high noon today, pursuant to the constitutional nrovlslons. On some of the desks were floral designs and flowers, whose fra grance sweetened the atmosphere and un nn additional charm to the scene. On the desk of 1 the vice-president re posed a basket of rose?, while a handsome floral horse-shoe awaited Senator Voorhees. the gift of admiring friends. who also remembered his colleague. Senator Turple. All the senators present, with few ex ceptions, gave close attention when the reading of the president's, message was be run. Senator Cameron seemed at first more interested in a newspaper when the secretary began bis rather ar duous task, but soon laid it aside and ! afterward listened intently for a short time. Senator Dolph gave edtentlon to his old file of bills for a few moments, but pricked up his ears as tbv reading reached the Hawaiian paragraph. Senator Gordon found opportunity to prepare a brief bill during the p-oirress of the rvading, while senator iioar was apparently more interested In a newspaper

-a' -J?"-! rfrTi Shakespeare Milton and Walter Scott As Boys Three popular articles, of high literary value, giving new glimpses of our old favorites as they were at svhool, at play and at home, written by their best critics, Prof. W. J. Rolfe, Prof. David Masson and Andrew Lang, will appear vr OTiiton Programme for IS94 Brighter than Ever. FREE "SWF.KT CIIAKITY," a leantlfnl picture of Colonial times, in colors, UK x2l inches in bize, presented to all Xfw (or flenewinc) MiWrilvr. All New Su!wnbers sending 1.75 now, grt Tun Companion Free to January 1, and a fall year Ironi tLat date. Samples cojnes frca. Eofton, Ma5. than ii. the first part f th message. There was a gemral hanging about In the seats of senators when the iortlon of the document dealing with Hawaii was approached. Seualor Kyle'a ole. Many of the senators had. however, anticipated the secretary's reading by turning in thir printed coph-s to this portion, so that very few of them apparently observed that th page containing the president's brief communication on Hawaii was turned without being read by the secretary. Senator Kyle was one of the few senators who followed the reading sufficiently cloe to observe the omission, and he called attention to the oversight by sending up a note calling attention to the fact. After this Incident there was an evident falling off in interest on thi part of senators, but attention as briefly revived when the paragraph concerning bonds was reached. When this paragraph was passed senators gradually left their seats and went out into the cloak rooms, so that by the time the reading had been two-thirds finished there were hardly twenty-live senators in the chamber and a majority of thjse were engaged ia conversation among themselves. The reading of the message was Concluded at 3 o'clock, having occupied approximately one hour and a half. Mr. Iolph immediately rose and s:id there had been distributed in the senate printed copies of what purported to be the message of the president, in whieh, on page a, he found a part f a page devoted to Hawaii and h? did not hear that portion read from the desk. He desired to know, and thought the country did also, whether that part was inadvertently or purposely omitted by the secretary, or whether the copies which had been circulated were not true copies of the message. The vice-president responded that the ' portion of the message relating to Ha waii had been inadvertently emitted by the secretary and directed that it be read. This was done and Mr. Iolph gave notk-e 'that he would on tomorrow address the senate on That part of the message. The message was ordered to lie on the table. Ileferenoe the Tariff. When the refererw e to the tariff was reached the members crowded about the clerk's desk. The forceful utterance relative to the duty of congress on the tariff question and the hearty indorsement given the Wilson bill seemed to please the democratic members greatly, but much surprise was evident when that section of the message was read stat ing that the ways and means committee had embraced in its plans several addi tional Internal taxes and a small tax on the incomes of certain corporations. As it was understood the internal revenue features and the income tax had not been absolutely decided upon, the president's announcement came in the nature of a surprise. A round of applause greeted the conclusion of the reading of the message. Numerous petitions were presented and many bills introduced and referred to appropriate committees. A joint reso lution permitting Anson Mills, United States army, to serve as engineer on the commission to survey and fix the boundary between the United States and Mexiea was assed. A message was re ceived from the house announcing the death of thf Hon. Charles O'Neill and the Hon. William Lilley, late repre sentatives from Pennsylvania. Mr. Cameron offered a resolution expressive of the sorrow of the sad intelligence and Senators Quay, Manderson. Carey, Smith and Kvle were appointed a committee on the iart of the senate to attend the funeral. As an additltnal mark or re spect to the deceased, the senate then, at 3:52, adjourned. In the IIoumo. At 1:33 p. m. Mr. Prüden, the whit house executive clerk. ari?arvd with the prndent's message and Speaker Crisp immediately laid It lefore the house. Clerk Kerr read It in a clear. firm voice. The galleries remained silnet and the members leaning forward in their chairs listened attentively to Mr. Cleveland's views as they fell from the lip of the clerk of the house. During the reading of the first portion cf the message relating to our foreign relations' Ex-Speaker Thomas Revd burst through a side door and came rolling across the area in front of the speaker's rostrum. When he reached his seat he deliberately lighted a cigar and sat puffing away ompla-ently while the reading proceeded. As the reference to the Hawaiian affair was reached the members straightened up and gave the closest possible attention, but no expression of approval or disapproval was indulged in. There seemed to be a general air of disapiointment, however, that so little space was allotted to this question. Over two hundred members were present. Burlinßion Iloute. The Burlington Route is the best railroad from Chicago and St. Iouis to St. Paul. Minneapolis, Kansas City, St. Joseph, Omaha. Deadwoo.l and Denver. The scenic line via Denver, Colorado Springv, Pueblo. Leadville, Olenwood Springs, Salt Lake City and Ogden to all California points. All its trains are vestlbuled and equipped with Pullman sleeping car, standard chair cars (seats freel and Tiurlington route dining cars. If you are going West, take the best line.

ifrlrrBi

n