Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 November 1893 — Page 9

SECOND PART. PAGES 9 TO 12. ESTABLISHED 1822. INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 1, 1693-TWELVE- PAGES. ONE DOLLAR A YEAR.

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MAKING OF CLOVER HAY.

DIFFICILT TO MAKE AXD XONE MORE VALUABLE. Other Farm Topic A Few Hints on llean Col tareFred Ins Wheat to Young- IM Electricity on the rar in Care of Dnlry Farms In the "Winter Month The Protection oC Vines Daring the Cold and Freezing Period Weevil In the Fnlr's Grain Exhibit Rnles and "ote on Feedlnn Cooking Oysters in Various Ways Other Heel pea. Crop bulletins often state that wet weather has Interfered very materially with the making of clover hay in many sections. No hay Is more difficult to make right, and none Is more valuable for feeding when cured in a perfect manner. It is a question, however, whether there Is any considerable loss from failure to save clover hay. Clover is usually grown, primarily, for the benefit of the land. It forms the preparation for other crops. If the first crop of clover could be taken to the barn, fed to the stock and all the manure returned to the field and distributed over the surface as evenly as the clover was, the soil would not lose much by the operation probably about 20 per cent, on an average. A commercial fertilizer is valued by the farmer according to the number of pounds of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash contained In it. If these three elements of plant food are in available form and do not cost lu the fertilizer any more per pound than the current prices of these three minerals the fertilizer is supposed to be a good investment. Clover hay has been analyzed and Its manurial value estimated by the same method, and It is found that one ton cotains nine dollars worth of these three elements of plant food. The man who Is after quick returns and -:ares naught for the future, may find nine doliars' worth of commercial fertilizer more valuable than a ton of clover in the soil, as part of the latter will not become available at once, but this plant food is stored up, and succeeding crops feed off it. Prof. Armsby Is a careful authority on these matters and he affirms that when both the solid and the liquid manure Is saved from the stock it contains fourfifths of all the plant food that was originally in the food. The per cent, varies with the character of the stock, .whether matured or growing, etc. But the majority of farmers have not found It practicable to provide means for saving all the manure, and returning it to the land in anywhere near a perfect manner. This being true there Is a heavy lors to the soil of a field when a crop of clover is-emoved. There are several sides to the question. There Is much land so fertile by nature that commercial fertilizers will not return their cost in farm products at low prices. That Is to say that $3 worth of fertilizer will not produce that many dollars' worth of corn or wheat. Equally then will a ton of clover hay not have a manurial value of $9 on that farm. It may not be worth more than half that much. Estimating It at $4.50 a ton as it stands on the ground, if all the manure is not returned to the field, Is there much profit in making the hay, thu3 adding the expense, and robbing the field of the value of the clover as a manure, when the hay is fed to stock at current prices? Here Is a problem for each man to solve for himself. There is another side to the question. Commercial fertilizers owe much of their effectiveness to the facility with which they can be distributed over the surface of the field. Each square foot gets its shareand one plant is not given a double portion while another gets none. When an even growth of clover is plowed under the distribution is about perfect, but it is rarely the case that barnyard manure is applied so evenly. A spreader may handle well-rotted manure In such a way that every plant gets a portion, but usually manure is not incorporated with the soil half so effectively as a crop of clover turned under as green manure. The result is that even If we do save all the manure, the application is so faulty that some plants suffer while others get an excess, and there Is loss by leaching. Half the plant food of clover lies in the roots, and It Is better to have only the roots than nothing, but if we are depending upon clover to build up the fertility of the soil It Is never fair to the land to sell clover hay or waste the manure from it when fed on the farm, and close calculation will prove that when we take time from the tillage of corn and other spring crops to remove the clover from the fields we play a losing game at least half the time. As a mulch to the ground growing a second crop and as a store of plant food to be returned to the ground, a ton of clover is usually worth as much on the ground as it is In the mow. Timothy hay contains only two-thirds as much manurial value as clover, and yet its market price is considerably greater. The clover hay contains more dust and horsemen do not want it. Selling timothy hay off the farm may not be a good thing to do, but Its relatively high price and low manurial value makes the practice more excusable than the selling of clover hay. The clover Is the richer food for stock and the richer for plants. It should stay on the farm. . A Few Hints on Dean Cnltnre. In a catalogue issued by C. II. Bidwell the following suggestions are valuable: If you expect a good crop of beans, you must have rich, well drained soil. Plow at a moderate depth and harrow well Just before planting the beans. Fitting the ground In extra good shape Is very important, riant from June 1 to 15. in rows twenty-eight inches apart, with a bean planter, regulated to drop five- beans in a hill, fourteen inches apart. This will require from one-half to one and one-half bushels per acre, according to the size of the beans. Start the cultivator as soon as the beans are well up, say three inches high. Take extra pains to cultivate as close to the rows as possible, twice In each row, using: a small tooth on the outside the first time through, so as not to cover up the beans. What seeds you kill with the cultivator, will save time hoein. Beans and weedi do not grow profitably together. No crop pays better than beans for cultivating and keeping the ground clean from weeds. In harvesting, the two-horse bean cutter Is used to help pull the beans. This consists of two steel blades that run Just under the ground, to cut off the stalks, leaving the vines in shape so they can be easily bunched together with a fork. Take pains to shake out the stores. See that they are well cured and dry before drawing in the barn. It will be necessary to turn them after a rain, and while drawing, avoid standing. on them or packing them in any way, as the beans are liable to heat and spoil if parked In a mow solid. If you unload with a- horse fork and dump direct on

the mow, you must drop the beans on a long pole, kept Just above the beans, to rrevent them packing down solid. In pitching them back, lay down a board to stand on, to prevent packing where the man stands. Once more, be sure to get out all the stones, if the- beans are to be thrashed by a machine. Care of Dairy Cows In Winter. We know no better authority on dairy matters than John Gould. He writes in an eastern Journal as follows: The drought this summer was wide extended and. In fact, covered to a large degrees the great dairy sections of th country and as a sequence cut short not only the feed for the cows, depriving them of fresh after-feed, but in a number of localities the farmers are already feeding to some extent the stores of food laid by for the comlnj winter. Not only has this had Its effect on the supplies of butter and cheese, but will be more seriously felt in the winter to come. The stringency in commercial and financial circles will make in many rases enforced economy at the farm, and it will seem almost out of the question in many quarters to buy extra feeding stuffs for the cows. This moans two things: Shortened incomes from the dairies and cows going through the winter "scrimped" for food. which means again a lessened supply from these dairies in the year to come. Here are a few suggestions that will be an aid in the matter: Better have a cow starve in a warm stable than to shiver off the greater part of a deficient ration. Early in the fall fix up the stables very tight and comfortable. Tar paper and eld boards will, with willing hands, do wonders for a cold stable. Bank it up high and tight, so that no air can blow under it. In some way floor it overhead, go that all the heat cannot lose Itself among the rafters. Commence as soon as the nights get chilly and cold rains set In, to keep the cows in over night. Make a computation of the feed and feed as near two full rations a day as you may. Better feed twice than oftener and small rations that never satisf y. For one winter do not try to warm the barnyard with cows. See if a cow made comfortable will die if she is in a warm barn twenty-three hours and thirty minutes a day for the four winter months. Get a good wire brush and spring card and see if good and occasional carding will not be as good as a quart of meal. Feed all the coarse stuffs in the mangers so that it will not get under foot and save it all.

Winter Protection of Vines. The following extract from a bulletin Just issued by M. A. Thayer of Wisconsin gives valuable information for those of our readers whose latitude is too severe for exposed vines: The best winter protection for blackberries, raspberries and grapes, consists in laying them down and covering lightly with soil. All old canes and weak new growths should be cut out and burned soon after fruiting, leaving only strong, vigorous plants. If these have been well mulched in summer with green clover, clean straw or caorse manure, as they should be, less earth Is required by using this mulching. In laying plants down (the rows running north and south), commence at the north end. vemove the soil from the north side of the hill about four inches deep; gather the branches in close frrm-wiin-ft- wW4iUi raising It toward the top of the bush and press gently to the north, at the same time placing the foot firmly on the base of the hill, and press hard toward the north. If the ground Is hard or the bushes old, a second man may use a potato fork Instead of the foot, inserting It deeply close to the south side of the hill and pressing over slowly, bendh:g the bush in the root until nearly flat on the ground. The bush is then held down with a wide fork until properly covered. The top of the succeeding hill should rest near the base of the preceding one, thus making a continuous covering. In the ppring remove the earth carefully with. a fork and slowly raise the bush. With hardy 'varieties and in mild winters sufficient protection may be had by laying down and covering the tips only. Grapes being more flexible, are laid down without removal of earth near the vine. Feeding Wheat to Von nur Pigs. In reply to an inquiry an English paper says: It would answer to buy pigs and feed them on wheat if you have a little barley meal and some wash to go with the wheat for the first month. I am quite sure it would answer if you bred the pigs and did not have to buy, because I have proved this In some careful experiments. Wheat is now the cheapest food for making pork, and very little other meal 6hould be added. Last summer I saw a farrow of nine pigs made into small bacon on nothing but wheat meal and a very little milk and wash or swill. These pigs paid remarkably well, but they were bred on the farm. I hive found that pigs come on faster with wheaten meal than any other food, and keep in perfect health. Neither is this singular, seeing how much higher returns in fat and flesh-forming qualities wheat gives than1 any other meal. Pigs will do well on pure wheaten meal after three months old, and this I proved last year. You would do well to feed the animals on to bacon, as they would come in in the winter when big pigs are in season. When swine are dear the more seldom one goes to market the better. Electricity on the Farm. Mr. Ferris, who designed the great Ferris wheel at the world's fair, has this to say about the practical future of electricity: "I am persuaded that modern life will be absolutely revolutionized so far as Its practical, every-day life is concerned, within the coming ten years; and electricity largely will accomplish IL WithIn a few years every waterfall or available bit of water power will be chained and converted Into electric force. Along the highways will run electric lines on which you will find not only passenger, but express and freight trains. These Hnea will ply between the principal cities and towns of the country. They will gather up the products of the farm and dump them at the freight offices of the great trunk lines. The electric car will bring the farmer his mall, and, Instead of being the lonesome affair that it is nowadays, the farm of the future will be In clot e touch with the town and city. Electricity will run our street cars, turn our machines, heat our homes and buildings, do much of our chemical work; by electricity we will cook, and for that matter do everything that Is now don by steam and coal. Weevil In the Fair's Grain Exhibit. It was discovered quite recently that the grains on exhibition at the world's fair have been all more or lws affected by the weevil. This pest has been the source of untold loss in the grain-growing districts of Russia, and of recent years has been carried to India. The United States has been comparatively clear of it, at least the weevil has not been nearly so destructive in this country as It haa been In some of the countries of Europe. The pest spreads very rapidly and la considered one of the most destructive known to agriculture. Nearly every state and territory has exhibits of grain In the agricultural building at the fair, and It is thought all these have become Infested. Exhibitors

of grain and seeds from the different states and countries have been exchanging their products for planting and sowing. Great numbers of samples have been carried away during the summer. The wide scope of territory into which these samples go makes the chances good for a thorough Introduction of the weevil. A meeting of the executive commissioners from the different states has been held and the giving away of samples of grain has been ordered discontinued. An examination of grain will be made by an expert and the extent of the ravages reported. In all probabilities the entire grain exhibit will be burned on the ground after the fair. Those who have taken samples of any kind of grain away from the fair should use due diligence in preventing the weevil from spreading or destroy it at once. This is one thing that the farmers in this country did not anticipate when they welcomed their neighbors from the otlur parts of the world In friendly competition at Chicago. National Stockman.

Rnles nnd Xotes on Feeding. Stock foods are composed of substances usually arranged into six groups. 1. Feed animals as much as they can digest without injuring their health. The results of experiments by the Missouri station are summed up as follows: 4. Stimulate the digestive capacity of your animals by a variety of food, salt, etc. 1. Water The amount varies with kinds of food. It is of no economic importance. 2. Feed a "balanced rr.tion," 1. e., one in which the composition Is in proportion to their needs. 5. Carbohydrates This group Includes the starches, pums, sugars, etc. They produce fat and heat. 3. Food is required to maintain animal heat: save food by providing warm but ventilated shelter for your stock. 6. Fiber This substance has about the same composition as the carbohydrates, but it is much less digestible; it is of but little value. 2. Ash This is the residue left after burning away the combustible portions. It supplies the mineral ingredients to the animal body. A portion of the ash has a manurial value. 4. Fat This substance produces animal heat, or is stored up in the body as fat for future use. One pound of fat will produce as much heat as two and onehalf pounds of carbohydrates. 3. Protein This Is the nitrogenous portion cf the food. It is used in the animal economy to form muscle and all other nitrogenous portions of the body; It also aids In the formation of fat. It is the most valuable ingredient. SIX XEW WAYS TO SERVE OYSTERS. Roasted, Broiled, Stfwed in natter with Spinach and Tabasco Saner. Oysters served at home are frequently found to be lacking in the flavor which marks those served at hotels and restaurants. That bugbear of the household cuisine, the carelessness and incompetence of the servants, the New York Herald says, is the main cause for this deficiency, in flavor, which is only the result of slipshod service. Oysters should be kept perfectly cold until they are opened, and should be thoroughly washed before using, as tiU will add much to their appearance when brought upon the table. They should be opened upon the deep shpll to preserve the Juice, and should be laid upon chopped ice shortly before serving. Fix oysters should be placed before each person, with quartered lemon in the center of the plate. Another delicious way in which to prepare oysters is: Oysters in Shells a LAnglaise Select eighteen large oysters. Put three into each of six table shells and season with a pinch of pepper; sprinkle with fried bread crumbs and lay them on a flat roasting pan. Place them In a very brisk oven for about four minutes, or until the oysters rise; then serve on a dish with a folded napkin. Coquilles of Oysters au GratlnBlaneh twenty-four medium-sized oysters In their own liquor Ave minutes; add half a pinch of pepper and half ounce butter, then drain them, keeping the liquor for further use. Add to the oysters a seasoned, thickened sauce made of their own liquor, but be careful not to break the oysters. Fill six table shells with the preparation, sprinkle with grated fresh bread crumbs and a little clarified butter and brown well in an oven for six minutes. Then serve on a folded napkin. Oysters a la Dumas Place In the sauce bowl a heaped teaspoonful of salt, three-quarters of a teaspoonful of finely crushed white pepper, One mediumsized, sound, peeled and finely chopped shallot, one heaped teaspoonful , of fine chives and half a teaspoonful of parsley, also very finely chopped. Mix lightly together, then pour in a light teaspoonful of olive oil, six drops tabasco sauce, one saltspoonful Worcestershire, and last one gill of good vinegar. Mix thoroughly with a spoon, send to the table, and with a teaspoon pour a little of the sauce over each oyster Just before eating them. Broiled Oysters Dip twenty-four large and fref)dy opened oysters in half bread crumbs and half cracker dust; flatten them with the hand, and broil for two minutes on each side; then salt them slightly and serve on six pieces of toast. Stewed Oysters a la Baltimore Open thirty-six medium-sized froh Hockaway oysters; place them in a saucepan without their Juice, adding one ounce of good butter; cover the pan, put it on the stove and let It cook for two minutes; then add a small glassful of Madeira wine and a little cayenne pepper; cook together for two minutes longer; stir thoroughly until boiling, and Just before serving squeeze in the Juice of a good lemon and half an ounce of good butter, also a teaspoonful of finely chopped parsley; serve immediately in a hot tureen. Oysters a 1j Mali Chop an onion very fine, place It In a stewpan with one ounce of butter and let it get a golden color; then add a tablespoonful of cooked, finely minced eplnach, also a small glassful of white wine; have eighteen medium-sized oysters chopped exceedingly small and seasoned with a pinch of salt and the same of pepper; place these in a stewpan and let cook for fifteen minutes; put In one whole eg;g, also a bruised clove of garlic; stir; then take six large, clean oyster shells, fill the bottoms with a bed of three parboiled osters, cover them with the spinach mixture and sprinkle with fresh bread crumbs; flatten the tops with the blade of a knife, pour a very little clarified butter over and put them in the oven for three minutes. Heel pes. Almond Cream Three eggs, beaten separately; to the yolks add one cupful of powdered sugar, one-half pound of blanched almonds, chopped fine, one cupful of thick, sour cream, whipped to stiffen, then the whites of the eggs, well beaten. Vanilla, to taste. Good Housekeeping. Grape Wine Take twenty pounds of grapes, free from stems, mash them thoroughly, pcur six quarts of boiling water over them, let them stand for three days, stirring them twice each day; strain carefully and add eight pounds of sugar to the Juice, place in a tight cask and bottle before the winds of March. Elirhty pounds of grapes will make ten gallons of wine. Cream Filling To two cupfuls of granulated sugar add ten large table-

spoonfuls of milk; boil until it "hairs" from the spoon. Then add a piece of butter the size of an egg; stir until cool; flavor with vanilla to taste. If It seems too stiff as It cools, a very little water may be added to thin it not milk. This "filling, with butter omitted, makes a fine frosting for other kinds of cake. Katharine's Sweet Potato Biscuit Boil four sweet potatoes, peel and mash fine. One quart of luke-warm water with a cake of Vienna yeas't dissolved in it; one tablespoonful of lard, a little salt and flour enough to make a dough that can be easily handled. Knead thoroughly and stand In a warm rlace to rise for two hours and a half. Mold Into biscuit with as little kneading as possible. Let stand for half an hour, or until they fill the pan. Bake half an hour or until done. They should be eaten warm. Almond Cream Cake For this is required two cupfuls of suicraT, one-half cupful of butter, three cupfuls of flour, one cupful of sweet milk, three teaspoonsful of baking powder (level full), the whites of six eggs, one teaspoonful of vanilla. Sift the flour and baking powder together; beat the whites of the eggs to a stiff froth. Rub the butter and sugar to a cream, add the vanilla; then, alternating and beating between each addition, the flour and milk; lastly the whites of the eges, stirring In, but net beating. This will make one very large cake, or two small ones. Bake in layers, and, when cold, spread with almond cream made as follows: Cabbage with Cream Sauce After thoroughly washing the cabbage, to make sure that it conceals no insects or other objectionable matter, cut away the tough stalks, put It over the fire in plenty of actually boiling water and boil it fast for about twenty minutes, or until Its substance Is only te.ider enough to eat. The usual difficulty is that this vegetable is generally'boiled too long; the attempt is made to cook the tender leaves and the comparatively touch stalks the same length of time, with the result of so softening all the vegetable tissue that the penetrating and volatile oil is released, which gives the strong odor to cabbage. Boiled in salted water Just tender and then drained at once and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or with cream sauce, it Is nearly as nice as cauliflower, especially the new spring cabbage now in market. Chocolate Cream CakeOne-fourth cake (two squares) of good chocolate, onehalf cupful of sweet milk and white sugar, the yolk of one egg. Beat the yolk, add the milk and sugar, then the chocolate scraped fine; let it come slowly to the boiling point, stirring constantly. When It thickens set It aside to cool. For the remainder of the cake take one and one-half cupfuls of sugar, one-holf cupful ach of sweet milk and butter, two eggs, two cupfuls of flour (good measure), one level teaspoonful of soda, one teaspoonful of vanilla. Beat the whites and yolks of the eggs separately; dissolve the soda In the milk; sift the flour. Rub the butter and sugar together, add the yolks of the eggs, the vanilla, then the chocolate mixture. Thn. alternately, the flour and the milk, a little at each time, beating well betweeneach addition. Stir in thoroughly, yet gently, the beaten whites of the eggs. Bake In three or four layers. Remove carefully from the oven, as this cake Is very light and delicate and a slight Jar will cause it to fall. Do not take it from the tins until cool; then spread with this: Timballe de Cotelettes a la Francalse Trim a neck of lamb neatly, tie it iüto sha$naan J put In .a pan with one ounce of butter or clarified drlppin.es,- a bouquet, some sliced carrot, onion, turnip, celery, some peppercorns and cloves; arrange the meat on the top of the vegetables, lay a buttered paper over it all, cover the pan, and fry its contents for fifteen to twenty minutes, then add two wlneglassfuls of sherry; recover the pan, and set it in the oven, and let it braise for an hour, keeping it basted, and adding by degrees a pint of stock. When cooked, press the meat till cold, then cut it into neat cutlets, mask each of these with brown chaufroix sauce, and garnish with a star of hard boiled esrg, setting this with a few drops of a.ic. Line a plain Charlotte mould with aspic, decorating the top with white of an egg, chllies, cucumbers, cooked tongue, etc.. then arrange the prepared ci.tlets all round the mould, with the decorated side outward, and set them with a layer of aspic about one-fourth Inch thick. Fill up the mould with a puree of mutton. Set this with a thin layer of aspic, and put it inside to set. Serve with a salad of tomatoes and cucumbers. For the puree, pound till smooth three-fourths pound of cold roast mutton, mix it with a wineglassful of sherry, two tablespoonfuls of brown sauce, a teaspoonful of Liebig and a pint of good brown stock, stiffened with one-half ounce of leaf gelatine. Rub it all through a sieve and use.

THE DVXAMITR RLEW IP. Accident In the Tent of i Camper The Injured. NEW WESTMINSTER. B. C, Oct. 23. A shocking accident occurred at North Bend yesterday. Fire broke out In the tent of a man camping a short distance from the station and a number of villagers were attracted to the spot. Among them was Mrs. Charles Austin, wife of the Canadian Pacific yard master, and other ladies, A box of dynamite detonators, the presence of which was unknown to the spectators, suddenly exploded, scattering the metal fhell3 with terrific force in every direction. Half a dozen persons were struck. The worst sufferer was Mrs. Austin, who received no less than eleven of the shells in her head, arms and body. They pierced her clothing and penetrated the flesh, some of them to the depth of an inch. She is in a dying condition. The others Injured will recover. TRAGEDY AT OMAHA In Which Prominent Society People Are Involved. OMAHA, Oct. 23. Mrs. Elias Rüdiger of South Omaha confessed to her husband that she had been intimate with Henry Reiser. Rüdiger asked Reiser to make a similar statement in order that a divorce might be procured quietly. Reiser declined. This evening Mrs. Rüdiger asked Reiser to help her and he refused again. The wronged woman then fired twice at her seducer, one shot severing the spinal cord. She then tried to shoot herself, but failed. All the parties are prominent in local society. SMALL-POX SCA1IS. Letter Sent from Mnncle May Cans Many Cases. LIMA, O., Oct. 26. Marshal John Woods, at Cellna, O., received an anonymous letter marked Muncie, Ind., which contained three large small-pox scab3. The missive created great excitement, where the fact3 are known, and the postI office authorities have taken the matter In hand and will make every effort- to trace the letter to the sender. The letI ter passed through many hands before It reached Its destination and will proba bly result in- many cases of small-pox. Derangement of the Liver, with con- ! stlpation, Injures the complexion. Induces I pimples, sallow skin. Carter Little 1 Elver lulls remove the caue.

MINISTER I. P. GRAY HERE.

HE REJOICES IX A RRAXD SEW SWELL Ml STÄCHE. The Minister to the Mexican Republic Talks Interestingly of His Impresslons of Mexico and Its Recent Rapid Development AVhnt He Thinks of the Silver Bill. Ex-Governor Isaac P. Gray, United States minister to the Mexican republic, has returned home to enjoy his annual vacation and confer with the authorities at Washington. With the exception of a slight Indisposition experienced while en route home, his health has not only remained unimpaired during his stay far down near the equator, but has very perceptibly improved. This was noticeable in the governor's elasticity of movement and his clearness of countenance when a Sentinel reporter, standing at the entrance of his room at the Grand hotel Saturday, received a hearty hand-shake and was cordially invited to a chair. The most startling and indeed the one change in the minister's appearance was only observed after the reporter had made a rapid study of his face. It finally dawned upon the reporter that exGovernor Gray had actually grown a mustache, and that It was, if possible, a positive measure of improvement. "I was In Chicago three days," said Minister Gray, "but the weather was unpropitious and I cannot say that I enjoyed my stay there to any large degree." "Well, governor, what are your impressions of the Mexican republic, now that you have visited it and moved among the people of its metropolis?" "I like Mexico very well. It is quite an interesting country. The habits and customs of the people and the buildings are so very different from what th'ey are in the United States that they make Mexico to an American more foreign, perhaps, than any other country. Travelers that I have met in Mexico think that Mexico in many respects resembles Egypt. t The business of the legation is very heavy. The chief of the diplomatic bureau at Washington says that the business of the Mexican mission more than equals that of. any other five missions." "What progress has been accomplished by the present government?" "Mexico under the liberal and progressive policy of President Diaz Is developing quite rapidly." Up to 18S0 there was but a single line of railroad in the republic, that being the Mexican railroad from the City of Mexico to the city of Vera Cruz. There are now In operation over 7,000 miles and several lines are in course of construction. Mexico has, indeed, had her railroad building era with a resulting great improvement of her resources. During the last few years quite a number of business enterprises of various kinds have been established in different parts of the republic, among them several cotton factories. The establishment of these enterprises has been mainly procured by what are called government concessions, granted by the federal government, and in some instances by states. "A law of the federal government was promulgated last June exempting from taxation for ten years the capital of all new Industries, established within five years from the promulgation of the law, employing capital in starting and developing the industry of not les3 than $230,000. Also givirg the right to import free of duty all material and machinery necessary to establish the business. The concessionaires are required to give bond Insuring the proper employment of the machinery and material imported. "The state of Hidalgo recently enacted a law exempting from taxation for fifteen years all lands thereafter put In coffee, rubber, tobacco, vanilla, cotton, cocoa, indigo, flax, ramie, grapes and sisal hemp. "Is It not true that coffee is becoming one of the staple products of the 'country?" "The coffee lands of Mexico are attracting considerable attention. The states of Vera Cruz and Oaxaca are said to possess the best coffee lands. Mexico coffee has a very fine flavor and it is asserted by those experienced in coffee growing that there are lands In Mexico capable of producing as fine coffee as can be grown anywhere In the world, and when we consider that the United States consumes 650,000,000 pounds annually, consuming more than any other nation, and that railway communication between the two countries exists, there Is no doubt left of the continuous development of the coffee interest. Coffee In Mexico for table use is prepared after the French manner, being made very strong then weakened with hot milk or hot water. Coffee lands range In price from $4 to $3, and can be bought on easy terms." "What about the productiveness of the soil and governmental encouragement of land cultivation?" "One peculiar feature of the Mexican government, so far as public lands are concerned, is that it does not do its own surveying. It lets out the surveying by contract, giving the party who surveys one-third of the land as compensation. Real estate is not taxed; even lands which produce income are not taxed, but the income is taxed. There are no more fertile lands in the world than the valleys of Mexico, and no country possesses a greater variety of climate. Both a climate and soil can be found in Mexico adapted to the growing of almost anything that grows out of the earth. In the tropical regions of Mexico grow side by side, coffee, bananas, pomegranates, oranges, lemons, grapes, corn, mangoes, wheat, barley, peaches, melons and many other tropical fruits and vegetables. Flowers bloom superabundantly during the whole year, while fruits and vegetables are grown and are upon the market every month In the year." "What are the climatic conditions, for Instance, in and about the Mexican national capital?" "The City of Mexico lies 7,300 feet above the sea level and Its climate is delightful. There Is neither hot nor cold weather. Fires are not needed In the houses for heating purposes, and cooking as a general rule is done upon "braseres," small charcoal furnaces. The same kind of clothing can be worn with comfort throughout the year, while it Is always comfortable to sleep at night under blankets. "The City of Mexico, however, cannot be designated a healtful city on account of Its Insufficient drainage, which will be in time remedied. The city, aided by the federal government, is constructing a drainage canal that when completed will be over thirty miles In length, and seven miles of It will be tunneled through the mountains. It is a stupendous undertaking and when finally completed will drain the entire valley of Mexico and preatl3T improve the health of the city. The city from a material point Is improving. Real estate has advanced in value from $104.000,000 In 18SS (the beginning of the era of railway building) to $162.000.000 in 1832." "Some of the scenic views from the ; city are very fine. On a clear day from i the city can be seen the grand, snow- ' capped summit of Popocatepetl, and in

going by rail from the city to Vera Cruz a splendid view is had of the three giant, snow-mantled mountains of this ccntinent, Popocatepetl, Ixtaccihuatl and Orizaba, also the temple of Cholula, the most ancient work north of Central America, The splendor of the mornings, especially during the rainy season, are grand beyond description. Nearly every day from the 1st of June until the 1st of October there is a shower, but it seldom rains until 4 o'clock in the afternoon. No wind precedes the rain. The clouds come up without even ruffling the foliage on the trees. The nln is always heavy and falls in a manner that makes the sky seemingly laugh at the way it pours down the water. After the shower the effulgence of the sun and the clearness of the atmosphere render the close of the day delishtfal in the extreme." "What can you tell me regarding trade and commerce in Mexico?" "Mexico has several timos manifested a desire to establish reciprocal trad'i relations, but instead of meeting her in the same liberal spirit, we have, so to speak, slammed the door of trada into her face, by the enactment of prohibitory tariffs and by boasting that the true commercial interests of the United States required that she should be fenced in, thereby being made commercially independent of the whole world. Mexico is now taking advantage cf cur selfish policy by granting liberal concessions to capital employed in the establishment of her new industries. Under tho:;e concessions American capital is going into Mexico. Manufacturing concerns, huge smelters and many ether business.enterprises have thus been inaugurated by American capital. It must not be expected that Mexico will tak? the initiative in soliciting reciprocal trade after the laws enacted by the United States. Besides, at this tiint?, Mexico, having the silver standard, is suffering in her commerce, and is embarrassed by the sudden and great depreciations of the price of silver. Mr. Limantour, the able secretary cf the treasury', remarked to nie a f?w days ago that the great decline in the price of silver had so unsettled trid3 that It was difficult to know just what to do in relation to the tariff, and thought little could be done until the silver question was settled. The United States being contiguous territory and having the advantage of direct railway communication could with proper reciprocal trade relations command nearly the entire trade of Mexi co." "What Is your opinion regarding the monetary' problem in this country?" "I have been anxious that this dispute should be settled and settled promptly one way or the other. I doubt if this government could maintain the free coinage of silver, even w.-re the ettempt made. I have never, from its Jn cpiency, favored the Sherman law, and argud against the measure In my public speeches. I cannot look upon it cs anything eLse than unwise to purchase 4.500,000 ounces of silver, each month in order that a market may be supplied to a few owners of silver mines. It amounted to piling silver bullion Into the treasury vaults, while it was steadily depreciating in value, until the natural results would be eouivol?nt to hoarding UP pis' lead or so much cord wod. The carrying out of this policy would mreiy end In bringing the United States Into a financial condition identical with that existing at this time in the Mexican lepublic. I have all along believed that the most salutory thing to do would be to repeal the purchasing clause of the Sherman act. When this is accomplished there will be no obstacle in the way of doing something for silver. There can be no doubt that both gold and silver should be maintained as our natloral currency."

STANTON MAKESABLUNDER THE TT. S. OFFICER SALUTES THE REI1EL FLAG AT RIO JAXEIRO And Is Promptly Detached from Command by the Secretary of State Capt. Picking Placed In Command of the American Ships There. WASHINGTON. Oct. 23. The navy department learned late today by telegraph from Rear Admiral Stanton, in command of the United States naval forces at Rio de Janeiro, that this officer had saluted the flag of Admiral Mello, commanding the insurgent fleet. The salute was unauthorized by any instructions the admiral had received. It was an unfriendly act toward a friendly power and the secretary of state Issued an order detaching Admiral Stanton from command of his squadron and turning it over to Capt. Ticking, the next officer In rank. This was In reply to a telegram of Inquiry. Secretary Herbert early today saw the Associated Press dispatch from Rio de Janeiro saying that the American naval commander had exchanged visits and salutes with Admiral Mello of the insurgent fleet. He was loath to believe that the statements were correct and expressed his doubts to a reporter who called upon him. If Admiral Stanton had merely exchanged an ordinary unofficial visit on business matters with Admiral Mello the secretary would not have been surprised nor probably would he have taken any further notice of it as it said at the navy department that this w&uld not be improper. But the secretary saw at once the serious and unfortunate nature of the action taken by Admiral Stanton and how It might be construed "by the lawful government of Brazil. He therefore lost no time In promptly cabling to Rio de Janeiro for all the facts in the case, to which he received a prompt reply with the result noted above. Naval officials talked with on the subject are puzzled over Admiral Stanton's action and are at a loss to account for so serious a defection from duty on his part. It is said that Capt. Picking will remain in charge of the fleet of American ships in the harbor possibly permanently, or at any rate until a successor to Rear Admiral Stanton Is appointed. Commodore Ramsey, chief of the bureau of navigation, said this afternoon that it had not yet been determined who would be appointed to succeed Stanton. Information has been received at the state department from Minister Thompson at Rio Janeiro to the effect that the ! rebels claim to have established a pro- . visional government in the state of St. Catarina with M. Lorano as president. TO PREACH HIS OWX FIXURAL, Doc' Taylor Will Do So Before Dan. gilng from the Scaffold. MORTON, Va,, Oct. 26. Governor McKlnney has refused to give Doc Taylor, the preacher murderer, a reprieve or to commute his sentence. He will, therefore, be hanged at Wise court house tomorrow, preaching his own funeral on the scaffold. At his request his body will be 'left above ground three das when. he fays, he will arise from the dead and again preach among the mountain people. No headache with Tutt's Liver Tills.

MISS GARLAND'S SUICIDE.

DAIGHTER OF THE EX-ATTORXE! GE.ERAL SHOOTS HERSELF. A Great Shock to Her Family and Friends She Had Ileen Actlnff Strangely and It Is Believed That She Was Disappointed In Lotc WASHINGTON, Oct. 27. Miss Daisy Garland, daughter of cx-United States Attorney-General Garland, committed suicide at her home in this city by shooting herstlf this morning. She was thirty-four years old and thought to have been insane at the time. Miss Garland had spent a very pleas ant evening with her father and broth ers last night at their heme, 913 Rhoda Island-ave., and retired ia good spirits. After breakfast this morning she retired to her room, where her brother Will went shortly after to talk with her concerning a theater party. He found the door locked, and not receiving any response to his calls, burst into the room and found his sister lying on the floor dead. The bullet had passed through her heart He smelt the gas and thought at first that she had been asphyxiated, but upon examination found a bullet-hole in her left side and on the floor near her lay an old revolver which had been in the family for thirty years. About two months ago Miss Garland suddenly left i home and was found in Baltimore, but I since that time nothing peculiar has been noticed. The cause of the 6uicide is not definitely known, but is attributed mainly to a religious mania of which she is said to have been possessed. From the position in which Miss Carland's body lay it is evident that she ! had stood in front of a large mirror and taken deliberate aim at her heart. She had taken the precaution of turning on all the gas jets in the room so that in case the bullet failed in its work the gas would smother her in her sleep of death. The ex-attorney-general had left i the house for his office and it was an hour or more before his daughter's awful death was known to him. He was w completely overcome that he could scarcely stand when the news was broken to him. He was aided to a chair until a carriage could be called to take hira home. The entire famil was so overwhelmed with the shock that none of them could be seen. A number of intimate friends were -summoned and at onca took charge of the household affairs. The true cause of Miss Garland's selfinflicted death may never be known. She had a secret of some kind that preyed constantly on her mind, but it is said none of her friends knew exactly what it was. An Intimate friend said this was the case. Many surmises as to the real causes would be made, ha said, but as she had persistently refused to communicate it to anyone it was probable the secret had died with her. It was thought, he said, by some i of her associates that she had had a love affair which had turned out badly. She had been crossed in love. If this were true the family or friends professed not to know who the man In the case Is. None in the house heard tha pistol shot, nor did anyone hear her fall to the floor. Her family relations and surroundings were of the most pleasant. She was a great favorite with her father, who supplied her with every comfort and studied to make her happy. A RAD LI OX LOOSE. Wallace Kills n. Horse nnd Injure Ills Keeper. NEW YORK, Oct, 25. Wallace, a bj lion belonging to Rostock's Australian circus, which wa3 being removed from & barn at 129 E. Eighteenth-st today, escaped from his cage and mangled and killed a horse and badly injured his owner, Frank Rostock. Two women and two children, who were In the building, were rescued with great difficulty by being taken through the hay loft door of the structure. There was a scene of wild confusion and the other animals In the building were frantic with fear, their yells adding additional terror to the scene. After three hours' stubborn resistance the lion tamer and four assistants with the aid of iron rods heated to a white heat, succeeded In getting the lion Sultan Into hi3 cage and securely confined. He was cowed, but not conquered, and on finding himself once more in captivity and smarting ftrom the numerous burns he received during his efforts at attack, he roared and whined in the most blood-curdling fashion. As soon as he let a roar the crowd outsido scampered in all directions. In fact It did not require the service of the police to keep back the immense crowd. COR RETT ACCEPTS. I Proposal of the Olympic Club to Pay, ?20,COO for the Fight. ASBURT PARK, N. Y., Oct 26. Tonight Cham; ion J. J. Corbett received a dispatch from the Olympic club of New Orleans offering a purse of $20,000 for the Corbett-Mitche'i glove contest ta be decided at their club. Corbett Immediately replied his acceptance of tho offer, but stipulated that the club put up a deposit of $10.000 guarantee for the fight to come off in New Orleans. The champion also urged the club to make the date for the contest earlier than that set by the Coney IMand athletio club and suggested the latter part of November. Corbett said: "I am anxious to accomodate Mitchell and now that I am relieved of the Coney Island agreement I see my way clear to do so, although the purse is less than that I contested for with Sullivan." TIIK WHISKY WAR. Xrr Turn of Affairs In the South Carolina Case. CHARLESTON. S. C, Oct 24.-The whisky war assumed an entirely new phase.- Glbbs Whaley, the counsel for the state, has filed a petition in tha United States court asking Judge Simonton to Issue an order to the receiver of the South Carolina railway forbidding that road to receive any Intoxicating liquors for transportation Into the state unless It has the official stamp of tho state dispensary on it The question is an Interesting one and involves an Interpretation of the Interstate commerce laws. By maklns the application the state submits the question to the court and admits Its Jurisdiction. The constltutionality of the dispensary act will therefore be directly a Question,