Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 July 1893 — Page 4

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TUE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL "WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 5, 1893-TWEL"VE PAGES.

INDIANA STATE SENTINEL BY THE INDIANAPOLIS SENTINEL CO. S. . MORSS. PridetlU

lXstrcd at U Poitofflce at IoJUnipolU u Mooed cIam matter. 1 TEKMS PB TEABc Otitic eopv (Invariably la AdTno.).. OO Vt t uk democrat to brar In mind ami fal-t thMr n state pa par wlwn Uey eoma to taa aubaerip. , ttoLiasd ma up ciaba. nUtnaking up club tend for any Inform ttlon ieairtd. Addaa THE INDIANAPOLIS fiKNTINEL Indianapolis. Jnd. TWELVE PAGES. fcVEDNESDAY. JULY 5. 1833. Visitors to Chicago should not 6pend their time in the poatoffice building. It s Ha,ble to fall down. In view of the Victoria disaster Mr. McKinley will be enabled to double the force of Lis appeals for the ram-growers a Ohio. ( There is a general disposition of the Chicago papers to lntlmatxthat Chicago la a" great place, and the world's fair la a great Show. i Those M3exs of English, who are going lo. Chicago In prairie schooners, would do well to avoid the schooner of the Illinois prairies after they get there. It is Invariably freighted with bust-head of jtfca most aggravating variety. " The late Mr. Tilden's physician gets Hhe neat little sum of 540,000 for his attendance on that worthy gentleman. If he had kept Mr. Tilden in good health Curing: the last eight years of the hitter's life thte would not seem excessive. But tie d!3nt by several degrees. Tho ; early gain in the rises of the UlssissippI river now show that Its toed is constantly filling in spite of tie Jetty and levee work. If -it Veep3 on In the same way it is only a question of time when the people of the Mississippi valley will have to move on to the river bed and let the river build up the remainder cf the country. A French chemist, it Is stated, has discovered a process by which he can manufacture genuine diamonds. He recently Exhibited to members of the French society for the aid of the friends of science specimens of diamonds that he had made artificlallv. They were small but pronounced genuine. It is well. The time may come when gold will become as abundant as silver and India or some other country will demonetize iL In that Case we may ba tiirown back on fcia-.endi for money. Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant and Mrs. Jeff orson Davis recently met at "West Point. The meeting is described as cordial and extremely friendly. This is one more evidence that the war 13 really over. When two Buch prominent representatives of the North nl South can meet and fcxchar.g cordial greetings perhaps some of the lesser lights of the two sections will draw a useful example. The truth Is that the sentiment of the greeting between the two distinguished ladles Is but a reflex of that which really fcxists between the more thoughtful and the genuinely patriotic of both sections. This is an excellent time to remember the distinguished services of John Sherman. He has been the manager of 'American finances under republican rule for thirty years. He has put the counter 'nto its present situation, which 13 in fact the necessary outgrowth of Ills measures. Under the plea of honfesty he made our bonds payable in gold, flemoralized silver, frustrated every effort to restore free coinage, made government interest payable in gold, ar.d In short fixed the country on a gold basi3 so firmly that it will take years to recover the lost ground. His resumption law brought on the panic of the seventies. His silver law ha3 produced the present stringency. What a wonderful financier Mr. Sherman is, to be sure. "Whatever may be thought of Mr. Edward Atkinson's plan of reforming the tariff in the East, It is decidedly too slow to suit the West; it is too timid, and it is too unjust. Xo one who knows the feeling of the West would advise any political party to put wool and other raw material on the free list at once, and keep the tariff on manufactured articles for nearly a year longer. Mr. Atkinson is worrying entirely too much about losses to manufacturers. This is the time to consider the losses of the consumers. If the democratic party undertakes to make a "sneak" on tariff revision next winter It will not survive this congress. The way to reform the tariff Is to reform it pn the line laid down in the democratic jslatform, The country will not tolerate ny make-believe reform. ' Some people have queer ideas. In fact most people do, but some are Queerer than others. The republican press Is circulating, as an argument against Tammany, the complaint of a young lawyer which is at once ridiculous and disgraceful. The injured party avers: "I am a republican, - but outwardly I am compelled to pretend to be a democrat. Why? For the reason that I wi-sh to earn my bread and butter. No young lawyer can make any headway in his profession In this city If he 13 an active republican. Men like Joseph II. Choaf, Elihu Koot, CoL George Bliss and others of equal prominence can afford to have the courage of their convictions, but an obscure man, who is Struggling to earn his subsistence, must act outv.ardly with the democrats or starve. All the courts in the city, from the highest to the lowest, are in sympathy more or less with Tammany. If the republican party should ever get control tf the state and municipal government egain hundreds of you ag lawyers like myself would Cock to Its standard. No young man who has self-respect and detency enough to be an American citizen would acknowledge such a state of facta even If it xlaU4. IX h wants his party .

to gain control of New York why doesn't he work for it? No political party would ever gain a victory If it were composed of such mushand milk people as this alleged young man. INDIA'S GOLD STANDARD. The suspension of silver free coinage in India will of course be looked at In as many different ways as there are different opinions concerning the use of silver for money. Opinions will vary from the gold monometallic view, that silver has ruined India, to the fiat money view, that the prosperity of India has been destroyed by this demonetization of silver, Beyond the question of the effect on India lies the question of resulting effect on the currency of the United States, which will be estimated with much the same difference of opinion. It may safely be said that anyresults in the fluctuation of stocks and the condition of the money market will be due more to these differences of opinion than to any direct effect oil prices produced by the change of standard. As a matter of fact the adoption of the gold standard for India is not of importance except as it affects the question of ultimate return to bimetallism, because the conversion is made at a figure near the present market value of silver. The rupee la made a subsidiary coin worth 32 cents, whereas it was originally issued at about 43 cents. But this will not materially affect prices in India, because she was on a silver basis, and her prices were relative to the value of sliver. The rupee 13 made worth very little more than the current value of the silver In it, and there will of course result a correspondingly slight decrease in the value of commodities. Neither will India's trade relations be materially affected, because they are conducted with reference to the relative value of gold and silver, which are adopted in the new standard substantially as they now stand. The clearest and most instructive recent article on the financial condition of India is one by Justice Ameer Ali, which appeared in the March number of the Nineteenth Century, entitled "The Itupec and the Ituin of India." This article is conservative in its argument, and so plausible in its statement of facts that it commands credence. Ameer AH believes in universal bimetallism, und recognizes that the disturbance of values results from the demonetization of silver. He said: "Had the Brussels conference resulted in an agreement for universal bimetallism our problem would have been solved and our difficulties would have disappeared." This was the position of most of the Indian delegates to the convention. Hut as the Brussels conference did not do this, he urged that the only safe policy for India was thv adoption of the gold standard and the cessation of free coinage of silver. Ameer Ali's argument for'this is based on the condition of the Indian population, and the fact that while the silver standard with all its relative fluctuation was beneficial to some classes It was injurious to others. This is true of any change In the relative value oi currency the change, whatever it may be, benefit-; some classes and injures others. lie divided the Indian population Into one-third non-agricultural and two-thirds agricultural. Of the agricultural three-fourths are laborers or ryots. These, therefore, constitute onehalf the total population. Of the nonagricultural a large proportion are on salary, and this especially ps to the English population. During the twenty years of the demonetization of silver there has been no material change in the salaries or wages of the country, but there has been some increase in the cost of living as compared with the former purchasing power of the rupee. In other words the decline In commodities, locally, has not been quite so great as the decline in the value of silver. He illustrated this by the price of wheat, and his figures reduced to our currency, and to the gold standard, are as follows: Value of a Value of the maund rupee. of wheat. 1873 Ma ll.W 178 4l4 1-70 1SVS 39 121 ISMS 31 1.2 1S01 33- 1.31 1S93..'. 2 1.2? In other words, silver has declined about S5 per cent, and wheat has declined about 25 per cent. Thi difference In the relative value of wheat, rice and other native products he explained as due to increased facilities for transportation, especially the construction of the Suez canal and the internal improvements of India. There is, of course, an increased profit in agriculture, but this, he said, all goes to the brokers, exporters and zemindars or land-holders. The laborers and those who work for salaries find that what they receive has less purchasing power than It had before. Hence there were two parties in India on the silver question, and Ameer Ali championed the gold standard cause, which, under the cirenmstances, he considered the cause of the majority. He does not seem to realize that the adoption of the gold standard fixes permanently on the majority the evil of which they complain. Under this plan that has been adopted everything will be held to the place to which it has already been brought, except, of course, that the further decline of commodities, which is certain to result, will not affect fixed salaries, though It must ultimately affect wages. As to the United States, there can be no doubt that this action of the English government for India postpones the adoption of free coinage of silver here. Not only has India been a large consumer of silver, but also a large coiner. The proposition for free coinage In the United Btates has been based on'the fact that most of the silver In the world was In the shape of coin and this coin would not be drawn here by free coinage because

recoinlng It here would be done at a loss. Our ratio Is 1 to 16 and other countries have not been loss favorable to silver, but the ratio of conversion now adopted for India is 1 to 2Hi. and therefor fret colna.ee her would draw lud)

coin to this country as bullion. Even the most ardent bimetallist must realize that the adoption of free coinage by this country, under these circumstances, would be dangerous in the extreme. "With our expenditures in excess of our revenues, with our home production of gold not increasing, with the certainty that there will soon be a heavy foreign demand for gold to furnish a basis for Indian currency, it would be folly to attempt free coinage now, and equal folly to continue the purchase of silver under the Sherman law. There remains but one policy for the United States to pursue. She must, in self defense, relegate the silver question to International treatment. Sooner or later the appreciation in gold, which is measured by the depreciation of commodities, must produce a reduction in wages and a loss in production that will drive the world back to bimetallism. Sooner or later the producers of the world will rise up against the money-klng3 and force the abandonment of this ruinous policy. But the United States alone cannot do it. She would merely ruin herself in attempting it. We must accept the Inevitable and wait for the Inevitable. FIIKE PLATE GLASS. The Kokomo Tribune Is a cheerful paper. It has such a pleasant way of misrepresenting an opponent In- an argument, evading issues, crawling away from its positions, and dodging down dark alleys when the light is turned on it. It now treats the plate glass question In this style: The Indianapolis Sentinel insists on the efficacy of its panacea prescribed to cure the current dullness in the plate glass market. Unrestricted Importation of free plate glass will solve the problem. In the opinion of The Sentinel. The trouble with The Sentinel is its failure to ascertain and comprehend the real facts of the situation. A little investigation of the markets will enable this zealous advocate of free trade In plate glass to comprehend that there' is no demand for the article. Nobody Is buying plate glass just now. The current stagnation in business is nowhere more noticeable than in the general cessation of building enterprises. Our readers will bear witness that The Sentinel has said nothing whatever about curing "the current dullness in the plato glass market." It said that the Kokomo glas3 works shut down because the company had gone into a trust, organized under the laws of Illinois, for the purpose of limiting the supply and increasing the price of its product; that this action was criminal, being in violation of U. S. penal statutes; that it had thrown its men out of employment in order that the company might reap excessive and illegal profits; that it had been given out, as coming from officials of the company, that the works were shut down on account of the policy of the present administration, which is an outrageous falsehood;' that the company could not have taken this action but for the protection afforded it by the tariff on plate glass; that with foreign competition insured by removing the tariff it could not afford to shut down Its works. We challenge the Tribune to publish this statement. We challenge It to tell its readers the truth, even as to the statements of an opponent, and then attempt to answer them. The trouble with the Tribune is that it has not the courage of Its want of convictions. It is defending an unlawful trust, a shameless combine, a robber of its employes, a criminal before the laws, and it does not acknowledge the fact even to itself. So far as any current dullness in the market is concerned, it has nothing to do with the question. The dullness affects all business without regard to the tariff. It is due to financial conditions. There 13 no reason why this criminal trust should have a tariff to relieve It from dullness of the market any more than any other business. That is not what a tariff is for. Nobody ever had cheek enough to ask for a tariff for such a purpose. If the government is going into that sort of paternalism we should all share alike. The merchant, the builder, the farmer, and all other classes, should receive compensation for the Injury they suffer from dullness of the market. In fact, they should receive it beljre criminals ere permitted to have any share in it. They are lawabiding citizens. The Diamond plate glass company Is a law-breaker. Give us free plate glass and smash the trust. A IJAI IIALANCE SHEET. The approach of the close of the fiscal year shows that the work of the billiondollar congress is having its effect, and that the year 1893 will show, for the first time in many years, an excess of disbursements over receipts. The attack on the surplus was successful. The republican congress not only succeeded in disposing of that eyesore, but also In putting the country into a condition which would result in bankruptcy if continued. Fortunately the nation did not indorse the wide-open polity of treasury mangement and place men in charge who believe that there is nothing mean in judicious economy, and nothing honest In flagrant squandering of the public funds. The effects of the Harrison adminstratlon may be seen from the following official statement of the excess of revenues over disbursements for ten years: 1884 $104,303.623 18S5 C3.463.77l 1; 83.956,588 1SX7 103,471,097 1SSS 119.612,116 1880 105,053,443 1SD0 105,344,496 1S31 37.239.7C2 1SP2..: 3.914,4r,3 1893 8,500,000 The figures for 1S93 are of course estimated. On June 20 the revenues for the year had amounted in round numbers to $277.500,000. and the expenditures to $3SC,000.000. It is not probable that the remaining ten daj3 of the year will make any material change in the result. It will be readily understood that this 6tate of the balance sheet has added a great deal to the financial difficulties that have been thrown on the national treasury. It Is not easy to kep gold, or anything else, In the treasury when vnendlture an art a tax than recaiDta.

Under the present administration It may be confidently anticipated that this order will be reversed. The next congress will remedy, 6o far as possible, the evils of the billion-dollar congress, and Grover Cleveland will enforce economy where It has been unknown for four years past. WAIT TILL SEPTEMBER. If a good reason were asked why President Cleveland should not call congress together before September it would be sufficient to point to the difference of expressed views on the silver question which have been called out by the Indian suspension of free coinage. Some of these, even of persons who might be supposed to be experts in money matters, are so crude and absurd that they demonstrate the wisdom of Mr. Cleveland's request to the people to think over the money question. Certainly some of those who have gone into print would change their views materially if they would stop to think, and in all probability the events of the noxt two months will lead them to think far more intelligently than they have been thinking in the past. As an example of these statements we may take the following, which is credited to "an ex-treasury official:" In some respects it may possibly be a good thing for this country. Heretofore an English merchant has been able to buy $1 worth of silver for 60 cents and have it coined into a dollar (Indian money), with which he could buy a dollar's worth of wheat, and that gave him a decided advantage over the American merchant. It is astounding that any intelligent person would believe that Indian brokers wcu'.d sell wheat 40 per cent, cheaper than the market rates. Such a thing might be possible in trading with a barbarous nation, but the business of India is done chiefly by English firms, and the natives themselves are very shrewd in money matters. When a merchant purchased wheat in India he got a silver rupee's worth of wheat for a silver rupee not the worth of a gold rupee. The gold mohur of India Is nominally worth 15 rupees, but it is worth $7.10, while a silver rupee is worth only 29 cents. In the wheat trade of India there was no profit except the legitimate profit on the wheat. The exchange of currency had no more effect than the changing of American money to English money, except, of course, that in deferred payments there was a small profit to English purchasers from the gradual decline of silver. Even more extraordinary are the statements of Henry Clews, banker. Mr. Clews has been posing as a financier for some weeks. He was one of the .list to announce that the government would be forced to sell bonds to secure gold. He now makes this startling statement: The advance In the price of Indian rupees, which has been reported. Is natural, because rupees will not be turned out at the Indian mints as rapidly as before. After a little, however, they will naturally decline to the current price of silver. The silver rupee was worth 29 cents, and the British government announced that it would redeem f& in gold at 32 cents. If a banker can not understand

that this would cause an advance in the value of. the rupee, who can be expected to understand it? The idea that the advance is due to a difficulty in obtaining rupees is ridiculous. India Is estimated to have $1,000,000.000 In silver, all of which Is in rupees and fractional currency, except an estimated amount of $500.000 In bullion, and most certainly several years would have to pass before their scarcity could affect their value. Still more ridiculous Is the idea that the rupee will again decline with the current value of silver while the government is converting it at 32 cents. So long as the credit of the government lasts the rupee will be worth 32 cents. These are but samples of the extraordinary lack of understanding of the rudimentary principles of the money question which have cropjjed out in the past few days. They are alarming. If the experts of the country have no better ideas than these, what Is to be expected of others? It may reasonably be Inferred that there is need of general education In monetary science, and this Is as good as a time as any to get it. If, in the next two months, every one who feels interested in the question would read one standard work on political economy the"Wealth of Nations,"for instance there would be a general breaking away of the clouds and a much easier and more satisfactory settlement of the money question when congress assembles. It is not hasty action that is needed, but judicious action. POLITICAL AXI) THEOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE. In the course of his witty an eloquent remarks at Chicago, on Brooklyn day, Editor McKelway said: "Theology is the science of how to run the next world. Politics is the science of how to run thi3 world. Chicago believes in keeping both worlds open on Sunday. So docs Brooklyn. It is fitting that the representatives of these two cities should meet at the world's fair. Any less occasion, any smaller theater, would be Inadequate." There is a great deal of truth in the first two sentences of this statement truth that is worth taking to heart and thinking over a . great deal. Did you ever consider how little you know about politics? Do you understand the politics of your own state, your own county, your own city, your own ward! or ev?n your own precinct? Of course you do. But did you ever think how many men there are that do not? There are your neighbors, A and B, for example. They are perfectly satisfied that they know who will be nominated and who will be elected, in case these affairs are close at hand. They undemand the tariff question and the silver question thoroughly, though they do not exactly agree. Nay, more, they can tell you what is the matter with Ireland and how things are going on In Germany. Of course you know Letter than either of them and laugh in your sleeve at thIr conceit, but at the same time you can hardly repress a sigh a contemplating the great extent of po

litical ignorance in this world. How few men there are that are really sound on all political questions. Nearly all of them disagree with you about something or other. Even Grover himself gets a trifle befuddled once In a while. And as for the opposite party, why it Is simply incomprehensible how many men of any Intelligence can swallow the preposterous theories that they are obliged to swallow in order to keep within the party lines. Of course it Is rather difficult to acquire the great knowledge of political affairs that you have. It is the result of years of cartful study, keen observation and deep thought. Every one knows that it 13 not easy to get reliable Information concerning even local movements. There are so many interests involved and so many men pulling wires. No two people seem to have the same end in view. One wants an office fur himself or a friend. One wants political aid for some other movement. One is after revenge. One is paying a past political obligation. One Is actually being paid in money for his services. One is working for the success of some policy that he believes to be for the public welfare. One is endeavoring to suppress the liquor traffic. Another Is endeavoring to promote It. One is endeavoring

to frustrate the alleged designs of the pope to oppress all protestants. Another is endeavoring to pulverize people that Introduce religion into politics. And so on with a thousand other motives that you may or may not dream of. We knew a man once who would not vote for his party candidate because he did not speak to the servant girl when he came home, and he proposed to rebuke any such unamerican pride. Of course it is hard to follow out movements which result from the mixture of such multifarious designs, and you can readily understand why so many men get mixed up. It would naturally be supposed that It would be more difficult to understand how the future world is managed than It is to understand the conduct of affairs here. Yet, singular as it may seem, most men understand it a great deal better. This is due to the fact that the next world is managed altogether on principle, and there is no confusing admixture of mercenary motives. Any one can understand principles, and the results that follow from them are logical sequences. It is just like when you have the principal, the time and the rate per cent, given to lind the interest. .All you have to do is to figure it out. That is theology. No one reed have any trouble in deciding whether sanctifioation is progressive or determinate. All he has to do is to go to his bible for the data, anil from the facts there given deduce the necessary conclusion. So with any other theological proposition. You inay know exactly what kind of reception to expect above if you have not been immersed or if you think that the saceharist in one kind is enough, or If you do not believe in the resurrection of the body. The only strange thing about it all is that so many people get wrong ideas about these things. Official estimates show a considerable increase in the production of domestic sugar, probably due to the bounty. In the last fiscal year the production, on which bounty was paid, in round numbers was: Cane sugar, 3C5.O0O,000 pounds; beet sugar, 12,000,000 pounds; sorghum, 1,130,000 pounds; maple sugar, 14".,000 pounds, making a total of 273,280,000 pounds. For the prescht year the product is estimated at: Cane sugar, 450,000.000 iounds; beet sugar, 27,000,000 pounds; sorghum, 1,000,000 pounds; maple, 300,000 pounds, making a total of 481.000,000. The most remarkable development has been in the maple sugar Industry. The, Vermont natives have discovered that the sap of Canadian trees is just as good to flavor "store sugar" as any, and they have- been working Uncle Samuel to the best of their ability. The bounty product will probably be twenty times the above estimate this year, as one establishment at Montpelicr, Vt., has just closed the season with a weighed product of 4.759,762 pounds. The total maple sugar product of the country is about 35,000,000 pounds, but very little comes under the bounty laws, because it is produced in small lots. Some of the Chicago papers note with sentiment of disapproval the large number of people who bring dogs with them to the exposition. They say it costs about as much to have a dog cared for at the hotels as it does to keep a servant. One hotel has established what it calls "a doggery," a sort of annex to the usual baggage room. A few nights ago six canines were quartered in the "doggery." A swell young fellow kicked vigorously because he was not allowed to take hi3 dog to his own room. "Why, that dog," he said, "has slept under my bed ever since he was a puppy." The unfeeling reply of the clerk was: "Well, he can't do it here' and so the puppy was handed over to the porter's tender mercies. A black and tan was among the late arrivals. He belonged to a woman, and she sent him two roasted birds for his supper; and he was polishing up the bones when he was noted by a reporter. Altogether it was as good as a dog show. No two were alike. The owners were apparently as solicitous about the dogs as about their children. There is no accounting for tastes in this world. A It einarUuble Woman. The m.iharanoe of Mysnr, who has lately died, was a remarkable woman. At the age of ten she resolved to obtain the best possible education. She insisted on Joining her brother in his studies, and mastered Sanskrit, Canarese and Marathl. She could also paint, and wa3 a fair musician. She was the fourth wife of the maharajah, and was f r some time virtually the ruler of My son. I Cure IServoiianca and Constipation. Dr. Shoop's Restorative Nerve Pills sent free with Medical Book to prove merit; for 2c stamp. Druggists, 25c. Dr. Snoop. Box X, IUc.lne. Wis.

LEADING EVENT OF AN AGE.

THE WOSDEHS OF THE TYFE-SET-TI.XG MACHINES. From the Movable Types Invented by (Wittenberg Four Centuries Ago the I'rogrfin In Inventive Genlaa Hua Ik'tu Wonderful A Brief Deaerlptiou of the Linotypes Now iu Ise ly "The Sentinel" Flrat l'upcr im the Mule tu Put Them Iu. From 1450 to 1S93 is a long time. It has been the most momentous four centuries in the history of the world, and it the next lour centuries shall record as much progress proportionately, as the past four, the theories of the evolutionists will be very near consummation. Movable types were invented in 1450, or near there, by Guttenburg in a village in Germany. With movable types for printing books the intelligence and means of disseminating information and education among the masses was increased beyond computation. Indeed, the inventor himself could not pierce the future sufficiently to see what the result of his genius would be. Humanity released from bondage, the bondage of ignorance, and all men made equal as far as opportunities for acquiring educai tion and knowledge were concerned. That has been the result of the invention, as one stands here in the shadow of the greatest exposition the world has ever seen and looks back over the vista of years, letting the mind wander through the dark passages which embodied only the annals of the ignorance and superstition of an age of ecclesiastical mysteries and churchly pomp. It is different now, and the commonest man can be as well informed as the most learned and wealthiest, upon the current topics of the time. He can pick up from his breakfast table and scan the record of the doings of a world for twenty-four hours, the uttermost parts of the earth contributing their share of the information spread before him. For 2 cents, for 1 cent, the product of the greatest minds of the. past four centuries is put in one's hand, and what have been scouted as the rankest heresy four centuries ago is so common now, so much a part of the every-day life of all the people that it no longer excites comment, no longer arouses wonder In the minds of those served. It is so much a matter of course that wonder 13 excited if the morning or afternoon paper fails to appear at the proper time. The I'reviou Condition. Books chained to desks in churches and other ecclesiastical institutions, and only the favored few permitted to read out of them, sometimes reading aloud to an assembly, interpreting, as they went along. No papers, excepting what some pious monks in the seclusion of a monastery might write with the laborious brush and pigment. Indeed, the books themselves were written in the same way. That was the condition previous to the invention of movable types. It wasn't long ftfter that there was a clianee. The bible was printed and made" in cheaper form so that more people could own a copy. But the publishers of among tne first editions were condemned to banishment, or imprisonment because the last word came in exactly thf same pla'-e on the pages of the whole edition. The edition was burned and the publishers barely escaped with their lives. For years there were those who thought that the printer was in league with the devil and that it was heresy to tou"h one of the contaminated books It was only a few decades after the inventionof moveable types that Columbus, responding to the spirit of the age, the spirit of progress, which had struggled for recognition for years, palled westward and discovered the new world. The restless energy, pent up within the kingly palaces and the ecclesiastical monastrles, burst Its bonds and started tipward toward liberty of conscience and religious toleration. The movement culminated In the splendid republic we enjoy today, the Columbia of the poets, the America of the geographers. Change Wan Slow. For hundreds of years after the invention of moveable types there was no change In the principle of making the different letters. The letters were either engraved or cast on a piece of rietal of the proper size and were picked up singly and placed in the composing stick of the printer. For many gi nerations the method of locking them In The forms, as the fastening in' of the pages is technically called by the printers, was the same. It was not deemed possible to improve upon it, but finally the scheme of stereotyping was proposed and successfully perfected. That made the gigantic cylinder press, with its multiplication of perfect papers or other printed sheets, possible. Previous to that the plan of locking the loose type Into what was known as turtles was attempted and there was a turtle press, with an enormous cylinder in use in many daily offices. Indeed, the writer of this tecalls one of the leading dailies of the section of country in which it is published, which has no other press. There Is always more or les danger that the type will not be locked in firm enough and will fly out, and further, such a press slaughter a font of type in a short time. The invention and application of the stereotype plates to the fast newspaper press was, therefore, a saving in two ways. It obviated the danger arising from possible breakage of a type, and it saved the wear of the type itself. There are hundreds of daily offices in this country where the type never was touched with the ink, being used only for stereotyping from. It wears in time from that, and from the friction in the boxes. But a font outlasts the font used direct many times. American progress could not be stayed, however, and after a time the possibility of typesetting by machinery was broached. An imperfect machine was invented, which, while it did good work, was, comparatively speaking, slow, and therefore expensive. But the genius of the Yankee was aroused. Machine followed machine, improvement was added to improvement, until today Morganthaler has produced the linotype, the most perfect typesetting machine ever made, and the machine which seems destined to supplant every other variety. The name Linotype is an explanation of Its work. It casts a solid line of type and places It in a galley, setting the lines In their proper order, and when it Is done all danger of the type dropping off the ends of the lines, the bane of every printer's life, is obviated. The line being absolutely solid, there can be no loss of letters, excepting when a whole line Is dropped. I.luotypea In I nr. t The Sentinel celebrates its removal to its new office by appearing with every letter In It set on a linotype. Readers will not fail to observe the clean, even

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appearance, no broken letter, no Atters with wide lines which degenerate into a blot, no letters broken, no b tters which seem out of place. The Sentinel introduces the first linotypes ever used in Indianapolis and apjn-ars today the handsomest paper, typographically, in the state. It is with t-onie rrii pardonable pride, 'that it makes this announcement. Th fitting up and' removal to the best office for the publi. ation of a. nowspaptr in the West is an achievement of itself to be proud of, but when to that is added the use of linotypes for the typography the dual aohievement Is worth mentioning as something remarkable. The introduction, of typesetting pnd casting machinery, all performed on .n machine ar.d by one person as operator, is a revolution in the preparation of matter for a newspaper little less important, if taken singly, than the invention of movable types four centuries ago. Without question, it is the crowning invention of the nineteenth centurv, so far as the increase of the facilities for disseminating information are concerned. It will r.ot be very long before every progressive paper in the country will use linotypes. The cost is less for one thing, and the typographical appearance of the' paper Li so much improved that it appeals to the artistic instinct, which is largely developed ia the American mind, and which is often times a factor in influencing the purchase oi a paper, the clear type bein? so much easier to read. The Sentinel Intends to keep up v.iih the march of progc-ss, and bus taken this means of being in the van. The WorkliiR I'ri netpto. The principle of the working of the machines is not greatly different from the working of a typewriter in the action of setting the type. There is a key. board upon which the operator works, which has the general appearance of a typewriter. The key releases the matrix bearing the letter which appears upon it. The matrix slides down form above and is arranged in its place in the line to the left of the operator. When the line is full a h-er is touched and the matrix are carried to tho int of metal beneath, from whieh sufiicient hot metal is allowed to escape to cast the line. The line of type is then conveyed to its place in the galley and the matrix are carried back to the top of the machine and distributed in their proper places, ready to respond again to the touch of the operator on the keys. It is impossible to desciibe the complicated system of cams and levers, gears and wheels which d -es all this, but when once seen the operation seems simple enough and Is nut difficult to understand. It is a mile stone in the progress of humanity, for whatever adds to the means for disseminating Intelligence and cheapens and makes better the process of scattering knowledge among the people, aids the human race in its development and assists in the final solution of the perplexing problems of socilogy, whieh are now pressing upon Uie world with such tremendous vigor. In that vast chain, the first link of which was form -d when ; utter:berg invented movable types, and which has been cvt lengthened by the addition of successive links since, the Linotype Is the latest, and it must be acknowledged that the nineteenth century possesses the acme of inventive and constructive genius. WHAT A METEOlt COXTAIXS.

MrauKc Hi ry at Ynle When an Attempt Wu Made to Cat One. In one of the windows of PeaKxiy museum, Yale college, there is now on exhibition a huge, dark-colored mass that looks like cinder, but which contains an am Hint of wealth that, could it bo put ti commercial use, would probably amount to more than all the other combined ssessions of the Yale corporation. The huge mass in question is a meteor that dropped from the sky last year into Diablo canyon In Colorado. Friends of Yale's deceased astronomer, Prof. Elias Loomis, purchased the meteor for Jl.iTO, and sent it to Yale for the IValwdy museum, on condition that It should 1-e Inscribed to the memory of the dca 1 professor of astronomy. The gift with its attending condition was accepted, and last week the meteor was t-ent to the works of the New Haven manufacturing company for the purpose of having one end planed on, thus giving a smooth surface upon which the inscription could be cut. The company expected to have an easy time in this work, but they were considerably mistaken. They sent two men and an ordinary truck after the big cinder, and not until then did they realise that it weighed Mii pounds. Then live strong men and one oirvir h-avi--st trucks Kf-re sent, and the meteor was finally brought to tho shop. When the visitor from the starry firmament was placed on a big planing machine the fun really commenced. I'p to that time nothing was known of the interior formation of the meteor, but the workmen in -charge of the planer quickly realized that it was no ordinary cinder or stone. The edg.es rf the sh.ip. strong planing blades disappeared with i mazing rapidity, leaving only r slight impression uii the erstwhile wanderer through space. tn.riK blades were put in, but it was not until eleven sets had been spoiled end two dyn continuous grinding done that the desired effect had been accomplished. and a surface smoothed for the inscription. Seven pounds were taken from tho weight of the nia ss. The interior of the meteor. disclosed by the grinding process, 1 composed largely of black and white diamonds, but they are only microseopieal in si.e. Prof. Newton says the other components of the mass are iron and nickel, with nodales of, graphite an 1 triohte. p.ime of these nodules are an inch across and give the planed surface a clouded apearanee. The diamonds were not saved, as they are too small to be of any ue. except to spcil the edges of planing blades After all the trouble thit has been taken it is now extnmely doubtful whether the desired inscription can ! cut Into the smM.dhed surface. The material is so hard it Is thought chis--!s would be useless for this purp'e. Should It bo found impossible to -?ut the letters, a metallic plate bearing the inscription will be attached to some portion of the meteor. In cither event the professors are satisfied with the knowledge gained by tho cutting process as far as it has proceeded. EuKfneer Craig Dies nt Ills Post. CHESTER. Pa., June 28. The fireman cf a fast freight train on the Philadelphia. Wilmington & Baltimore road observ-d last night that the engineer did not slack up in rounding the curve near hero and clambered up into the cab to see what the trouble was. II made the startling discovery that Engineer Ebenezer Craig was dead nt hi post. The fireman quickly reversed the engine and brought it to a Ftandstlll in front of the Chester station. When the train stopped a few miles north of here, Craig was apparently all right. He was forty-five years old and has been employed on the line about four years. To gain strength Hood's Sarsaparllla, For steady nerves Hood's Sarsaparl'la. For pure blood Hood's Sarsaparilla.. pa v9(? Z3 .1. mm