Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 February 1893 — Page 9

I SECOND PART.

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PAGES 9 TO 12. ESTABLISHED 182L INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 1, 1893-TWELVE PAGES. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR.

Jilt if Etil

PATTEN UNDER FIRE

Tho Prison Investigation at Jefferson ville. Charges Made of Cruelty and Mismanagement. EX-DEPUTY WARDEN EWIN6 His Testimony in Detail Given to the Committee. A Long end Severs Cross-Examination Follows. Ewing Relates His I'xperienees at the Prison His Relations with the Chief Warden Mr. Patten Takes His Deputy in Hand Pointed Questions Ewlnjj's Meeting nt tlic Dates Homo wich Certain Legislators Other Witviftsses Examined The Testimony In Pall Substantial Progress Made In the Investigation. Jefversonville, Ind., Jan. 23. .Special. The second day's session of the prison investigation resumed at 10:30 o'clock this morning. Senator Loveland te'egraphod Senators Boyd and Xewby to send down an accountant on the lint train. Ex-Deputy Warden Ewin? azain took the stand. Ha said, in substance, that Ibe provisions furni-hed the table were supplied by th elite and part of the meat furnished I t tlio state. Ti;e steak the steward purchased and also purchased the hams He ma le calculation at the time as to the number of persons boarded by the steward. There wer some contractors alflj bearded there. As to accounting made to state by the steward fur board, ih tdf ward told him that the ba.ance over and ahovo expenses, amounting toSPJ per mouth, he paid over to the siate. In regard to a room being Rented, he said that Mr. Montgomery told bim that lie paving Mrs. Patten, the wardnn's wile, $5 per montli. Convict, be eaid, were used by the steward for Iiis private purposes. Ilia horses were groomed by em-h. This, be eaid, wa a matter of knowledge. Money, lie said, waa advance 1 bv the ward a to one of tlio directors of tha prion. Ha sail that Mr. McDonald had been furnished 570'. Montgomery had tola him, tho warden and ttdard hud furnished it. The warden's ,np!iw was put on tle pay-rolls va vuerd during h'u vacation from school Ho wai employed part of the lime. He wsa instructed not to put his name on the pay-robs. Mr. Ewing said that the warden did not five him any reaon. He was paid he thought &) per month. His son Clarence was einp.oved in tftk prisoners through the prison. The payment advanced by a convict to a dree or to secure his pardon he paid that he ha I had a con verbat ion with Mr. Slater but coubl not utate ad the conversation. He said tnat he had received from Patten 5150 for Henry IX Burner to pay expenses and Eecure a pardon for Burner, Ihe manner in which the meat euppliea were furnished to the prison, he said that a butcher named Ilium was furnishing it four times per week. There was an increa-e of fi.ty uounds additional for Sundays. The driver would atop at mornInes at the warden's house and deliver meat. In regard to placio g hi money out at interest there was a conversation between himself and the warden. He said that he could eet 1 per cent for it. As to the punishment of convicts ha was asked w hat was done with the convict immediately after he was whipped. In some cases ihe man was locked in and cot permitted to bathe. Alter tho whipping of a convict he said that a person couid se the stripes made by the whip. In some cases where the blood is cut out the body showed it. The witness confined hitneell to partieu:ar cases. A convict named Williams was severely whipped. He would not work John Howard told him that he whipped some man, that he bad worn the whip out ou bin:. He could not rememLer the convict's name. Crogg-examined by Senator Griffith, the witness went on to relate the duties of his othce. His first duty was to preside at the diutng-rom. He was afterward asked to take charge of the in-ida work cf the prinoti. as lie had now become autliciendy acquainted. In the warden's absence hi performed th duties of warden. The relations between I. im and the war ten were of a confidential na ure. He endeavored 10 enforce prison discipline. He made memorandums of things that occurred at the time. His ol.ject, ho said, the warden had said, was that lie had bad disposition and when be found him in that fix to go awav from him. During his? irritable disposition be thought that the warden did c -t treat him well. On one occasion the warden and he had a tilt over tha appointment of a new guard named Johnson. He was told to give him instructions and Johnson was put on the tower. Words passed between him an t the warden. Later on l'atten sent for him when be told hirn that he was bigle strung. Hs did not know when he commenced to make 'memoranda. Did not know where Thomas of Tyro a was sent from. There may have been a Thomas Tyron discharged from prison before he too cl.arg. As to punishment inflicted, the bug-try whin was used up to a year before he le;t. There was something near twenty whipped and probably thirty or forty hum Ly the thumbs. Suspension by t lie thumbs was final. y abolished. Th punishment record, bo thought, had bdea carefully kept. It was bis duty to intbet' punishment, but the warden d.d some ol the whipping, so did Mr. Howard. The warden alwavs sent for him when convicts were pnniehd. He inflicted the punishment upon Witrgios, and went according to the warden's instructions. The warden was not present when he fainted. He was looked upon by Ewing as an epileptic. He expressed an opinion to the warden that he would rather see a man whipped than hung ud by the thumbs. He did not make not et this transaction in his book at the time. On one occasion he reported to the board while in sefion that he wss charged with criticising the warden's management as to punishment. He never reported any improper punishment inflicted. lie Lai never criticised the punishment; was not a candidate for warden last summer. Did not recollect whea Patten wsj re elected warden. It

was some time in December he understood. A let er addressed to the board of directors by the warden in regard to having the deputy warden remain at the prison instead of escorting; convicts to various places in the state for a. n-w hearin? was produced. The first intima ion he had of the order was when the warden attendeJ the democratic convention. He was not satisfied with the order. He admitted to having been a little hot over it. He did not know of any complaint made about his taking a prisoner to Gibson county. He took tho prisoners Sam Harbin and Ledgerwood to Pike county. The caa was tied np for three week. He remained the re. Did not know whether the lav allowed him a per diem or not. He had been toll to put in a per diem, as it bad been customary by previous deputy wardens. He made the claim to the court and in every case it was allowed, except in two cases that of Judite Hackney and Judge Furguson. The warden wrote a personal letter to Jude Hackney, but some time elapsed before the commissioner; allowed his pay. Did not see the letters that were written to the judges. He admitted that the court would use discretion in the matter. That was be'ore his salary was raise 1 to $1,-00. Ha was asked if he did not show a sum of money, amounting to 12., claiming that was what he got. He did cot do it. Regarding Day, the convict, who said. that he would rather die than go before the warden. Day was told to go the warden before he was admitted to the hospital. He directed Capt. Fires to take him to the warden. Capt. Fires did not obey his order. Did not know of anv mistreatment of Henry Day by the warden. He admitted that Henry Day was among the best prisoners in tho institution. His memory as to names was not good. Never forgot a face. He was fifty-nine years of ae. Hid, he eaid, was punished for attacking a uuard. He was stubborn. He said he woid cot be whipped and showed figiit. Tho whipping was done at the far end of "C" cell house and the whip was always kept in the office. Joe Paxton was whipped ana tiie handculfs were put on him. He was brou.ht up from the foundry. The duties of Director McDonald's son, he eaid, were performed well. Ho was kept on duty at night to attend eick calls. His employment, he thought, was necessary. Convict Schriber is now there as a-fifctanf. .McDonald did but very little dutv. When short of guards ho woud be assigned to the wads. Tno afternoon cession convened at 1:30 o'clock and Mr. Ewiug continued his cross examining. He 6aid that there was over $200 in the Subivan county bank placed at she warden's credit, and he understood that the banks the warden transacted business with were soiveut. lie did not know positively whether the warden was receiving interest on amounts deposited, but that the c trk had told in in tnr,t he was receiving 4 per cent, on his deposits in the Merchants' bank of Louisville. The directors drew $- each to attend the tdate beard of charities and this sum bl.owed in the May report of 1 8. I . He understood that the money was drawn f.r that purpose. Witness testiG-d that his statements were not made with enmity against the warden but he (Ewing) nt times smarted at the manner he was treated. Had no il. feeling against the directors. He bad no knowledge of talking to any man in Lawrenceburg in regnrd to Director Slater's doings. He admitted to having written two letters to Frank Dolman in answer to a letter he had received from him. If hs had said to Daniel Miller and t'apt. John Sims that lie wa-i goin to beat Slater for re-election he did not remember. In fact he did not make such an assertion. He admitted to having conducted visitors through the prison, as aio his ftiends, ana he spoke oJ th management of the prison to them in terms of praise. At that time he thought the prison well managed, but the pannhmeut too severe. He was asked if he was cot at the Bates house on a stated Monday night and discussed the proposed investigation with certain senators and members of the houe. He was there on that occasijyi and made a statement to them as t" wbt hail already been related. Saw article in Indianapo.is Jtntmal of Jan. 14 in regard to charges and said that ha bad copy of paper in his possession. As far as cruelty was concerned, misanlroi nation of money and the f'.'Ali) furuUhed tho warden to attend the prison congress at Pittsburg, they were substantially, true. He stated that Slater had told him that he had received $150 to secure the pardon of turner. He had a takl with Burner and he said that be bad given ?150 to Slater. The eeven-hundred-doliar transaction, he said, was laid before the committee as a matter of fact. The inference that he drevr of the eeven-liun-dred-dollar ban was that was a transaction between the warden and McDonald, and the matter was a eubject for inrestigation. He admitted havinc boarded with the jruarda for a period of about five months withont paying ther for. He had betn instructed by the warden to pay no board. He ntsver boasted that he had warmed tiie hide of convict. Did not state to Slater and McDonald that he wanted them to appoint him warden. Did not at any time. No man was strung up or whipped during the abs-nce of the warden. At times be was warden whil the regular official was away. Convicts were usually locked up and detained until the warden came. Was asked if he had not whipped a convict named Mitchell with a bugy whip. He replied that he had whipped a man by that name. He was asked by Mr. Irwin what personal interest "ho had in the prison. Here Mr. Lindemuih arose and 'id that that was a right all citizens had. Witneas replied that his motive for making the charge was to let the public know the btir-iness management of the prison. As to the election of McDonald and Slater be denied saying to Steward Montgomery that they bad to so. He nover made complaint to tha governor or the stats board of charities before he resigned. He was asked what prompted him to make the charges. Simply because be thought it his duty to make a statement of facta in regard to the management of the prioe. At this stage of the proceedings Warden Patten took the witness and interrogated him fully thirty minutes. There was nothing of a sensational ' nature developed. Allusions were made by the warden as to his deputy's rage when the board of directors parsed an order to call him in from taking conv eis out lor new trial, and that duty would henceforth be performed by subordinate. He denied beintr in- such a rage that on one occasion be had better restrain himself or the WA'den would be telegraphed. He entered a general denial to all Questions the warden propounded to him. Jeffkrsonvili.e, Jan. 2G. Special. The morning session of the committee Investigating prison matters was rather brief. Williaa P. Patten denied rer bavins

paid ßlater any money for a pardon for any convict. He saw convicts whipped for attempting to kill guards, and had no sympathy with them when they did such things. He never reported any one for punishment until after careful investigation. Andrew Wheeler of Ft. Branch waa examined. He had seen some punishment, whipping and hanging up by the thumbs. The latter method incapacitated the convicts for work for some time. He knew nothing of over-time work, nor whether convicts bad enough time to eat, but had heard them complain, lie drew $40 a month salary and thought 1-3 was held out for board, but never inquired into this. II saw a convict receive fifty lashes for repeatedly refusing to work; the fellow begged and cried. Whee er denied having helped convicts to escape. Thomas Eaidand of Vevay, an ex-convict, described the sensation of being bung up th thumbs. He said he had fainted twice an 1 ecreamed with pain whi e being thus punished. He was often so punished, and ou one occasion was hung up twice in succession because War Jen Patten thought he was " possum in jr." He had never been whipped, but had often been confined in the cage. He had nearly suffocated in it once, and had thrown olf all his clothing. At the afternoon session the testimony of ex-Convict Eajlin was resumed. Kesuming what he purported to be facts as to classification of prisoners he said that they were men who knew right from wrong. If a man was a man he wou d defend his own rights if he had to do it. .The good men in prison were those who never bad a home outside and have no learning; were generally ttiven some industry in the prison, such as waiting on the guards, etc. The ones who are imposed upon are the higher class oi convicts. There are some convicts among the bad class who are widing to do all they can. The clais of prisoners most susceptible to kind treatment are the bad lass. AH convicts are supposed to be treated alike. In one particular instance witness was placed in the duntreon ; when locked ia his face would be in front of the t ars aud his wrists on the outside. At one time he was confined for three days and nights. Another time he was left to stund all uight umil early in the morning. During this ordeal he experienced much pain and his feet froze. Big toe on left foot has never had any feeling since. He was famished corn bread, but after that be was not gi ven anything to eat. After being let out be wasordered to wrk without bis breakfast. The punishment made him weak. At one time there cme a committee to hear complaints of convicts and that convicts could make complaints to the committee at the cilice. He made application to Guard Applegate to see the eommittwG but did not see them. W itness said that he was not only a democrat, but cue at heart. At present he was studying law ut Vevay, Ind. Cross-examined by Senator Grililth He Etated be was twenty-three years of age and was out of prison soraethinj over two years. Was sent up at the age oi eighteen. Had an ambition to be a detective before being convicted. (ot in with a crowd of boy burg are, but eaid he was cot convicted for the Mjanks burglary. Ha bad hate toward Col. Vanosdol and it was his intention to kid him after he had served his term in the penitentiary, lie charged his mind. Was an infidei prior to his couveruion to Christ. While in prison tried to conduct himself right. He denied that he did not try toobev the rules. He admitted thnt he was " punished for fighting with a convict named Kennedy. He did not think he got enough punish merit for that ollense. The witness at this point showed a disposition to demonstrate an air of independence, whereupon Senator Bmgham peremptorily gave him to understand that be must not attempt to die ate to the committee its manner of investigation should be conducted. He would be given the same courtesy and attention that bad been accorded toother witnesses. Witness proceeded and said that exDeputy Warden Barnes administered the punishment. In describing the difference between a cage and dungeon witness eaid that a cage was used to keep birds and animals in, and a dungeon was intended for convic'.s. He clarified himself a mean man, which he considered an honor in prison. That class of criminals that were educated but had been unfortunate in life and were conllned in prison were termed by the-officera bad men. He lost twentyeight days oi his good time. Did cot feel that be had violated any of theru'esercept when fighting: waa discharged in December two years ago. Once he was punished for screaming in bis cell. On his leaving prison he went to Cincinnati, where he remained un

til March. Thence to Fhi.adelphia nnd thence to Paris. France. He also ma je a tour of Sco land and dropped over to London. On his return to the United States he settled at Philadelphia, where he was engaged as foreman in a cemetery. Prior to this he mi Je a trip to Savannah, (Ja, His business abroad was to learn experience. He commenced the study of law last March, tad when asked who he was under said no one. At this juncture Senator Boord desired that witness he examined as to nature of scar ha allcdcd in previous testimony. It wus finally determined unnecessary. A recees of twenty minutes was taken, at the conclusion of which Senator McDonald stated to the committee in the way of a motion that it was imperative for a number of this committee to oe at Indianapolis tomorrow morning and that an adjournment be taken until Tuesday morning next at 8:30 o'clock, which passed. Senator Loveland then re'erred to corporal punishment as inflicted at the prison. The record viving the nature of punishment inflicted upon convicts for offenses was produced. He referred to page 105, March 2'. 18S7, where John Alexander, a six-year man, was.punished for disobeying orders and given five stripes. Oilier names were about to be cited f hen Senator Holcomh objected togoiog through with what he termed nonsense. Senator Loveland repded that the people of the state of Indiana should know what punishment had been inflicted upon prisoners confined in the prison. . This gave Warden Patten an opportunity with the the permission of the committee, to make a statement. He said in substance that the statutes of Indiana provide that the warden can inflict punishment on convicts who deserved it. Tho books will cot show that punishment was severe. The record, he eaid, would not tell the committee that he had been inhuman. If such matters were made public it would create a newspaper sensation. Mr. Lindemuth said that the record should be made public. He admitted that it was true that the record would not how the severity of the punishment, as stated by Warden Patten. Senator .Griffith thereupon- remarked that the authority of the warden was defined in the statutes and the senator cited tha law in regard to such punishment. Senator Loveland eaid that be

could refer to 581 particular cases, and after profusion of lega' oratory Warden Patten said that he shed to ent r his protest. He had a rig. r o a fair and impartial investigation, an l he believed that the punishment ought cot to be admitted in evidence. Senator Griffith sa d that the book was public property. It was accessible at ail times, and it anyone desired to examine the record as to punishment inflicted upon a particular person the book could be always produced. Then Senator Loveland delved. Into an array of legal eloquence, and in support of bis argument as to corporal punishment at tho JetJersonviile priaon he introduced an editorial taken from The Indianapolis Pentinei., a paper he dt ecribei as being one of the foremost of the state. The editorial was read caref ully and a somewhat heated cross-firing followed. Senator Boyd made a motion, which paesed, that Warden Patten be required to furnish a statement of the number of convicts he bad punished since his induction in office, covering a period of seven years. On this statement when submitted tho committed will then make an examination. Warden Patten eince he assumed the duties of warden has whipped sixty-five convicts, thirteen had been tied by tho thumbs and seven by the wrists." This concluded the third day's eeasionjof the in vesication. REUNITED AT LAST.

George Davenport Separated from His Wife for Twent y-Flve Years. Louisville, Jan. 2b'. After a separation of twenty-five years during which time each thought the other dead, George W. Davenport and his wife have becorcereunited in this city through a letter from Pension Commissioner Kaum. The story is a peculiar one und smacks of the romantic. Davenport and his wife were married in this city on June 19, 1806 by the Kev. Lawrence Bax, but a year and a half later the husband departed for the West to seek a fortune. It seems that shortly after Davenport's d -partnre he received a letter from, a friend conveying the news of his wife's death some time before and stating that the body had been buried by relatives. The husband did not of course doubt the authenticity of bis friend's announcement, and us ho had no near relatives in this city tie never reurned. Mrs. Davenport failing to hear rom her husband sought huh and low .or several years and then sorrowfubv arrived at he conclusion that he was no lon.-er in the land of the living. The missing man is a vetenn of the civil war. He enlisted in Company C of the Eighteenth Missouri. At Shi oh he was badly wounded. Alter leaving the city he went to Texas. At Ft. Worth he served as a deputy marshal for four years. He was a deputy sherifl of Tenant county two years, and served on the polies force for three years. During ad this time he was receiving a roldier's pna:on, and to this is due the discovery cf the fact that his wife is blill living. In lsst Mrs. Davenport was persuaded by friends to app'y for n widow's pension. When the app i cation was placed on tiie the pension commissioner discovered that the man she represented as her deceased husband was still alive and drawing a pension. Alter a lengthy investigation the commissioner communicated his discovery to the supposed widow. Mrs. Davenport was overjoyed and made an effort to communicate with her husband. He had in the meantime left the Lone Star elate and had taken up ac aim in Oklahoma, but Commissioner Kaum finally (succeeded in reaching him by letter. Upon receipt of the good news Mr. Davenport immediately sold his claim and returned to Louisville where he was met bv his overjoyed wife. ELOPED WITH ALICE. A Wealthy Chlcngoan's Marriage to n Girl A ted Nineteen. Bing Hampton, N. Y., Jan. 20. William Mercerau, a wealthy Chicagoan, has eloped witlt Alice Stahl, nineteen years old, the daughter of a prominent resident of this city. Mercerau has recently invested heavily in real estate in this city and was here to look after bis interests. It is eaid that he recently obtained a divorce from his wife in Chicago. Mercerau and Mies Stahl became acquainted in some manner unknown to the girl's parents. Mercerau fell desperately in love with Alice, giving her unlimited presents in jewelry, as well as $10,000 in cash. Several days aco Mercerau left the city, saying be was going to California. About the same time Miss Stahl disappeared. It is said that they were married in a neighboring, village and are cow in Chicago. Chicago, Jan. 26. The Chicago directory does not contain the name of Wil iam Mercerau, the alleged wealthy Chicagoan eaid to havo eloped with Alice Stahl, the nineteen-year-old daughter of a prominent resident of Binghauiton, N. Y. No such person as Mercerau can be traced to this citv. MOTHER AND CHILDREN PERISH, The 8ad Death or Mrs. Maggie Duo to a Gasolino St ovo. Baltimore, Jan. 24. Three lives went out in a fire at 2024 St. Paul-st. this evening. A gasoline stove exploded and a toother and her two children perished in the flames. The victims are. Mr. MAOniKRIt'E. atre thirty-seven years. FKANK KICK, an four years. iJAZiK KICK, a He seven years. Mrs. Kice died in an heroic attempt to save her little ones. The husband 'and father, Owen Ilice, was in the house at the j time. Five times be endeaored to reach the blazing wife and children, but was each time beaten back by flame and smoke. He heard the screams of his wife mingled with the shrieks of his children, but between them and him there was an impenetrable wall of fire. 1 11. Evans, a traveling salesman of Philadelphia, attracted by smoke and flames bursting through doors and windows, rushed into the house end endeavored to save the burning people. Their creams were piteous. Through the bright tonzues of fire he could se& the form of Mrs. Rice, who was ntruzgdng with her little ones. He called to her to come out of the firo, but her answer was, "Not without my children." Murderer Sentenced After Seventeen Year. Alpena, Mich., Jan. 2G. Grossman was today sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Molitor and Sullivan at Kogers City seventeen years teo and will be takes to Jackson tomorrow. Mrs. Grossman was not in court today but she is very much broken down over the oat-come.

THE FARMERS' INSTITUTE

MEETING OPENS WITH A GOOD ATTENDANCEfror. W. A. Kell Reads a Taper on tha "Value of Farmen' Institute" Mr. Julia TTanch Entertains the Members by a Taper on "The Typical Farmer" The Other Huslno Transit cte. There were quite a number ia attendance Wednesday at the annual meeting of the Marion county farmers' institute now in session in the agricultural room of the state house. The meeting was called to order at 10:30 o'clock by the chairman, J. J. Billingsley, who delivered the address of welcome, and was ably responded to by W. W. Stevens of Salem. The opening paper was read by Trof. W. A. Bell of this citv. lie took for bis subject "Value of Farmers' Institutes,'" and supported his opinion that the institute was an invaluable aid to the farmer by noting the success of thosa who attended over the farmers who remained at home raising scrnb stock and becoming calamity howlers because of what they call poor crop failures. "Experience," 6aid he, "is a dear school, but fools will learn in no other. Farmers are cot fools, therefore learn from experience of others, and because they have done so they stand in a higher plane. The time is comiDg, and cow is, that a man must know hiui6e f thoroughly to do we'd. The farmer must keep step with the march of civilization or he will be left behind. Beading and coming together for the common good is the best experiment to the knowledge of al , and consequently those who do not attend farmers' institutes have inferior products." This wag fol owed by a general discussion of the subject, and Prof. T. J. McAvoy read a paper entitled "How to Bead." His suggestions were principally on a careful choice of books aud papers, and bow and when to read them. When the afternoon session was called C. B. Harris of Gca-ben. who was to read a paper on "Dairying," was not present and the time until hie arrival was taken up with a discuesion of how to raise potatoes and the best means of securing ra es for the transportation of farm products to the world's lair. Dr. E. H. Collins of Carniel read a paper on "Farm Fertility." He spoke of the necessity of ferti izing the soil in order to have it productive. Drainage, warmth and moisture are needed to produce fertility. "The tillage," said he. "is simply breaking up the clod and the whole secret of drainage is to lower the water so the oxygen p-rraeates the soil instead, and if you wish to bring out latent fertility the air must be let into the soil, which slowly pu verizes it." C. 11. Harris of Goshen, then gave a general taik on dairying, how to lake care of the cowe, etc. He said that in order to be anccestdul the farmer tnuat get out of the general purpose rut and get into the general purpose highway, devote more attention to his farm and stock and not work on the plan "that anything is good enouiih for a hug." Mrs. Julia I). Waugh of Crawfordsville read an interesting poper on "The T pica! Farmer." Mrs. Y augh was raised on a farm and it was not long before ehe convinced her hearers that she w as thoroughly acquainted with her subject. "Hoosierdom," said she, "has thrown off the mantle of odium and stands today the peer of any sister, he invites the merchant, the miner, the manufacturer, tho quarryman, farmer, scientist and scholar. Ownership gives an independence to be fostered in no other way. With such condit ons it is time to anticipate tha coming of a typical farmer if indeed he does not already exist as a rare specimen. "Milk, Butter and Cows" was the subject of a paper read by Prof. C. S. Plumb ot Lafayette. Tho speaker first pointed out the qualities of a good milch cow, without reference to breed. Jereey and Guernsey cows give a richer milk than Holsteins or Ayrshire. That ia because the per cent, ot'fat in the milk is greater with the former than the latter. The average per cent, of fat in milk is ", and Jerseys exceed this amount and Holsteins fall below it. The average amount of water in milk is 8S per cent. So far as we are able to determine from figures at our command, tho average Indisna cow yie!da ninety pounds of butter a year. Tile dairyman should never be satisfied with less than Ö00 pounds of butter per cow per year, and should keep a record of the yield of bis stock in mi:k and butter and weed out all animals not producinz at least 1100 pounds. The tardy members of the farmers' institute arrived in great numbers Wednesday night and Thursday morning, and consequently when the chairman rapped for order nearly every seat in the room was occupied and the attendance waa double what it was the day previous. W. W. Stevens of Salem read the opening paper. He took for his subject, "Saving and Applying Manures." He set forth that the successful farmer stops every waste and makes use of every valuable' resource, and that the 'manure pile was the farmer's saving bank. All waste matter should be gathered, stored into suitable pits and taken into the fields after the harvest or during tho winter when the other work was lets pressing. The next paper read was by C. B. Harris of Goshen on the subject of "Silo and Silase." "Silage," eaid he. "can be made from rye, oats, clover, millet and corn." He got fifteen tona of settled silage from an acre and fed it to tho cows. It cost $2.88 in six months for each cow. which, with linseed oil meal, oat straw and pasture, made a" total cost throughout the of 4 cents a cow a day. Good silage would cure all the evils cow attending dairying and farming. Mrs. Julia D. Waugh of Crawfordsville read her second paper, the subject of which was "Husbands and Wives as Business Partners." "I believe in theGerman law," said ehe, "that a man should own a thousand dollars' worth of 'property before he can gt a marriage license. Marriage to 1. great extent is a business transaction, a fair exchange of possessions, provisions and protection for love, honor and care. When a husband rates his wifo Wss than his business partner he reflects on his mother. A man's fields should be his wife's, and the purse should be a joint possession." Mrs. Waugh urged the farmer not to spend all the income from the fsrm upon himself or in buying agrlcu'tural implements, but that the wife's work should have the advantage of a' I modern conveniences and have her share in the pleasutes. This paper was followed by a general discussion by the ladies present, after which Prot Latta of Purdue university spoke on some of his experiments with corn. He recommended shallow planting in deeply broken ground. The ground ehould be well manured, and the planting.

should be done about May 1. The corn should also be planted more thickly than is usual. y done, and harvested early. j The first thing on the program at the .

aften-ooa eessi"n was the passing of a resolution of thanks to W. W. Stevens. C. B. Harris. Dr. E. II. Collins, Prof. C. B. Piuub.rrof. W. C. Latta and Mrs. Julia D. Waugh for their excellent papers. The following resolutions wexe a'.so unaaimonbly adopted by the institute: Raaolved. Thar,;nsmuch as leiialatlon is now pending which ta likely to rripjie tha ucfcilners and credit of the Indians atate board of agriculture, it is the sens of the institute that the leiritdatura be requested to reject all propositions or propfied enamment wtiioh mmj be detrimental to the eurciss and Leit interet is of eaid Indiana state board of agriculture. Resolved, by the farmen of Marlon county in institute entmbleJ, That inanunch we feel tht we have been greatly benefited from the holdine of institutes under the appropriation and by the aistacee of the nate, we earnestly recommrnd to our legislators that said appropriation Is not only continued but Ibat it bs iocreaiej it any change ; iuaJe. We also appreciate the ei orta that tre being mad by the Purdue univernity to place the farmers of the state on a higher plane, and to give to farmer's sons a broader insight into the to'"nce of agriculture which i bound t? redound to the gtueral good and the prosperity of the state. Elisha Howland nf Howland mad a few remark on "Spraving Fruit Trees." He said that ho had learned from experience that the best time for spraving was just before ihe bud breaks. "Fruit trees are sprayed," eaid he, "in order to get a better wood, brighter foliage, greater crop and better fruit." "The Busy Man's Garden and Small Fruit," was the subject ot a paper read by E. H. Collins of Carmel. He advised the busy farmer to avoid the common small square garden which cannot be worked with horse power ami piant all sma I fruits including strawberries iu long rows far enough apart to be cultivated with horse power. Strawberries and other email fruits can be more cheaply grown than they can be obtained of a neighbor if received as a gut. i W.u. Stevens followed with a paper on "Ciover as Fertilizer." He eaid: "lit ail systems of soil improvements the growing is an item of the greatest importance. We have been taught that clover ui i not add anything to the soil did net enrich it iu a literal sense. We now know that the feiti izing element furnished by clover is wholly in the f.irce oi nitrogeous compounds and that this e'ement in the clover is appropriated from the free nitrogen of the atmosphere. The clover thus furnishes the most costly element of plant foo l no free y from the air that it ia a waste to fertilize it with nitrates. It furnishes that which wastes most readily, that which is required in the greatest quantity and that which is hard-fet to get and most expensive to the farm." Mr. C. B. Harris then explained to the audience the mystery of celery growing and the nieeiing adjourned. It is doubttul whether the institute next year will be held in this city, as it is thought by some of the members that a better attendance could be had if it waa Leid iu 6ome of the towns outside the city. S HOT HIS SWEETHEART. A Cigarette Lover Alter Iiis Itath Act Commits Saicidc. St. U lis, Jan. 24. A little after 7 o'clock this evening Frank Henscel, a clerk in the commission house of Schreiner, Flack & Co.. shot and probably fatal! v wounded his sweetheart. Miss Alice Bruce, at her home on McNair and Sidney-fits., in the southern part of the city. A little later the police, looking for the would-be murderer, found his dead body in an alley two blocks west of the scene of his first bloody work. Henschel was about twenty-three years of age and so far as known bad no cause for a quarrel with Miss Bruce. Friends, therefore, knowing him to be a slave to the cigarette, aro of the opinion that he committed his b oody work while crazed by the erlects of this habit. The wounded girl is about eighteen years old end is a sister of Harold Bruce, who a year or so ago almost fatally beat Philip Koan, the boiler manufacturer, with a hammer. WORST FORM OF SMALLPOX. Several Victims Near Ann Arbor, One of Whom IIa Died. A x.v Annor:, Mich., Jan. 23. An investigation shows that smabpox in its moet virulent form has broken out in the families of Henry Schneider and George Jaehar, living in a little log hut about six miles south of here. One death has already occurred. There are twelve down with the loathsome disease, while two other persons living in the house have been exposed to it and have already shown the fatal symptoms. One death, that of the three-year old son of Henry Schneider, has already occurred. Great excitement prevails throughout the township, many school children having been exposed. Warning placards have been posted. Secretary Baker of the state board has ordered a large quantity of virus and all the people in the township will be vaccinated at once. MRS. MAYBRICK MUST STAY. . No Hope for Her Release from Prison at Present. Loxnox, Jan. 25. The latest action of the authorities indicated that there is very little prospect for the release of Mrs. Maybrick. The baroness de Koques, mother of Mrs. Maybrick, succeeded in obtaining the consent of the well-known physician. Sir Thomas Spencer Wells, president of the Boy al college of aargeons and physicians to her majesty's household, to visit her daughter and examine her (condition. Application was made to Home Secretary Asquith to permit the visit. The home secretary refused to grant the application on the ground that the medical treatment given by the prison doctors was sufficient for Mrs. Maybrick as for other prisoners. This decision of the home secretary apparently convinced the baroness that for the present at least nothing could be done and she has gone back to France. Several Killed in Anvtrla. Bl'DA-Pest, 'Jan. 24. A passenger way train and a csttle train collided near Grau today. In the first carriage three passengers were kit ed instantly, and ten were severely, perhaps fatally, injured. In the second carriage fifteen persons were Injured, two so seriously that they are expected to die. In the other carriages eighteen persons were cut or bruised, but cone seriously. Three hundred of the cattle were killed and 100 head were 10 badly injured that they were shot.

MANY U DIE

Deadly Explosion of Gas in a Bohemian Mine As the Shifts Are Changing at the Pit's Mouth, Which Hurls . the Cage Many Feet Below. DEATH COMES TO SCORES. Searching Parties Begin the) Work of Hesoue And Succeed iti Finding tho Bodies of Many. Tho Diütro(jted Attempt to Mob the Officials, Claiming That the1 Accident Was Du to Their Xejcliicetice Aniietl Men ou tlio beerte to Ad-t in Preserving Order at the Iiit-tance of the Authorities Th List t Dead May Itearh Mighty and Ihe Injured AVill Doubtless Number Many Detail of the -!plodtn. Vienna, Jan. '2A. An estdoMon of fir damp occurred today in tho Fortschritt mine at Dux in Bohemia. It is known that four miners were killed and thirty injured. One hundred men are still entombed in the miue. Every effort is being made to rescue them. The accident in the Fortschritt mine was far mcrj ferious than reports this afternoon indicated. Dispatches from Dujc tonight say that eighty miners w ere killed and scores were injured. Th- explosion occurred this morning when the shift were changing, A cae full of miners hsd been lowered half wav down the shaft when the ground trembled, a loud rumbling report wai heard and the cable attached to the caje gave such a lurch that the lowering machinery broke. A rush of air and dust from the pit's mouth, the sounds of crashing timber.-: and the cries of the men in the cr-ge gave warning to the men above of the extent of the disas ter. Help was summoned, the machinery was repaired after a otlay of haif an hour and the cage was rai-ed. Ten of the occupants bad been kil ed instantly, ten bad sulfered fractures from which they cannot recover.; five who had broken limbs and internal injuries will live. They had been half suffocated by the gas rising in the shaft and eaid that no man could live below. Finding the lead. Ac hour later the superintendent of the mine and five miners from the night shift went down in the case. They were unable to go more than 100 yards fron the shatt into the gallery, but they found fourteen dead bodies. Of those fifty men who were waiting for the capo ten had been killed and forty partially crashed by falling timbers or half suffocated by the foul air. A short distance from the shaft the superintendent found four bodies which had been crushed bevond recognition by a failing beam. The bodies and the injured were taken to the top, where the whole mining eettlement had gathered to watch the work of rescue. The men who had been brought up from the bottom naid that a few minutes after the explosion they bad heard cries and groans from the mouth of the gallery, about three hundred yards from the ebaft. There was heavy timber work at this place and they believed that the men in this gallery bad been imprisoned by the falling beams. They believed that some forty men had been at work there. Shortly before the cage came down, they said the cries ceased. A liekcuing Party. Another party went down at once, and after three of them had been carried back to the shaft unconscious, penetrated to the entrance of the sallery. The entance waa completely blocked by wrecked woodwork. The party could see several dead bodies on the other bide of the timbers, but were unable to get at them and returned to the top empty-handed. It id believed that ail the men is the gallsry were suffocated or killed by the ehock of the explosion. Twelve miners who worked, in the extreme interior of the mine on the eight shift and had not started for the shaft as soon as their companions are also believed to be dead. Despite the apparent hopelessness of the eituation a rescue party is atill in the mine and thousands have gathered at the pit's mouth. Attempted to Mob Official. When the extent of the disaster became evident the women of the dead men's families attempted to mob the mine officials, accusing them of carelessness in the management of the mine nd of indifference as to the fate of their husbands and brothers below. The mine officials sent to Dux for police, and three companies of soldiers are camped in the fields around the pit's mouth tonight Tbe miners' families are still on watch and will probably remain in the fields all eight, despite the inclemency of the weather. STRANGLED BY A STRAP. Assistant State's Attorney IlaVcr of Illinois Conimtttes Suicide. Chicago, Jan. 24. Assistant State's At torney George A. II. Baker committed suicide at his residence this evening. Mr. Baker handed his resignation to the state's attorney and returned to his bo roast 2 o'clock. He told his wife that he was nervous and wanted to lie down, and requested her not to call him before dinner time. At 6 o'clock she went into the room and found him dead. He bad fixed a skate-strap around hi neck, placing the buckle beneath bis left ear, then inserting the bandle of a bair-bruah, he twisted it several times and strangled himself to death