Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 May 1891 — Page 3

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MORNING. MAY 20. 1891 TWELVE PAGES.

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TI CONFERENCE OPENS

Gathering of Noble Men and Famous Women. Sketches of Some of the Delegates Present. A Woman World Renowned in Work of Charity. Indianapolis Gives the Convention a Welcome. President McCnlloch'a Address How to Get Acquainted. At Plymouth church Wednesday afternoon was a throng of busy people, with fla?s, streamon, tack-hammers and stepladder sca-tered about in confusion, and from out of this chaos came a beautifully decorated interior before the sun had bet. About a many of the visitors called at the church as at the Penison, and the headquarters were divided as it were. Ef gistratioa booths were opened at both places and the clerks were busy throughout the entire afternoon. The strangers were highly pleased at the manner of issuing badirei", and much of the weariness in introducing strangers was done away with. The parlors of the hotel were delightful with odors from cut flowers that had been placed there by thoughtful hands and the throng wis about even.y divided as to sex. Secretary Alexander Johnson, with his happy air, did much to entertain the delegates. THS FIRST SESSION. Iaterested -And I tori, Inspired Ppeakera aud I". tquiit Addressee. The eighteenth national conference of charities and corrections will be a memorable one, the first seeion at Plymouth church Wednesday night being an event in itself. The intelligent audience finds itself in nearly every description of a public meeting, but let it bo said that the gathering last nuht was one where thoughtful intelligence predominated; yes, and even more, careful and noble intelligence. The blue ribbons of the member" seemed to bare been sprinkled everywhere; they were numerous on the street, in hotel lobby, and at the opening session the audience might have been deluged with them. The cburch was crowded to the doors and two handsome po icemen stood on the outside, by request, but it wasn't the kind cf a crowd that needed the services of the blue coated minions. The decoration of the church was very elaborate, the gal eries and organ being draped with llairs, bunting and ce.lar festoon, while directly over the etp.gt; hung the conventional welcome sign with the llaring emblem of the Red Cross association standing out in relief. Directly under that emblem eat Mies Clara llarton. the woman who foun led the aoci;itio:i. On tier riht nut Ifuh II. llanca, chairman of the local committee, with (Jo v. Hovey, Mayor Sullivan, Dr. Cleveland, IUshop Chatard, l'.lstiop Knickerbacker, Monsiprnor lieonieH, Cot. John Glenn of Baltimore, President McCulbug!i, Prank 15. Sanborn of Doston, W. P. Fi.-diback, and others. Hugh If. Hanna, president of the local committee, delivered the first of trie addresses of welcome, and in a few happy HtCII II. IT ANNA, words made manifest the hospitable feeling which characterizes the reception of the delegrates. Th citizens of Indianapolifl, he said, will understand the motives which brought the members of the conference together and which impelled thtn to come so far. The citizens would extend the right hand ot fellowship to those who not only lifted them who fell by the wayside, but prevented these unhappy conditions, and raided those who are not permitted to enjoy the full measure o: life's privileges. "The entire country enjoys your work," he continued, "and new recruits are being added daily to the army where thoughtful education leads to a purer and better life. The day is not far distant when the care of the hopelessly unfortunate by the commonwealth will be inspired by the watchword of your convention, the words of Peecher: 'As a father stands in the midst of his household and says, "What L Itst for my children ?'"o we aro to stand in the world and eay, 'What is best for my brotherhood?' "With my hand upon the pulse of my neighbors it ts my privilege to know that the heart beats with a etout throb of welcome to the doers of noble things." (otirnor IIoTej'a Welcome. The I lev. II. A. Cleveland offered prayer and Governor Hovey was introduced. He poke as follows: Dkleoatf.3 or tub National CosreaEncs of Charities ao Cokuectio: It is who pleasure that I, as governor of Indiana, weleome you to the state aoJ tlx city of Indianapolia. It baa bean said that "tha laborer ll worthy of hit hire," and I am sura that nona can la more worthy than those who labor for tha amelioration and elevation af tbeir lellow. men. You haTe tuna hera without feo or reward, not in obedience to the command! of any organization, to aid ia lifting tha fallen. It ia a no'-le work. The brilliant Leigh Ilant, in one of his betatiful poem, told ui that ALou Ben Adliern woke one night from a deep dream of peace, when an antral of the Lord stood before him with so open golden book. Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhetn bold, and he aaked the angel whose namee were written therein. Tbeang-I replied: "The satus of those who love tbe Lord." "And ia mine one?" said Abou. ''Xay, net so, Replied tbe sns-L. A boo spake aiora low, Put chri!y still, and said: "I pray the, than. Write me aa one who lo-ea bk frliow-men." Tha angal wrote and vanished The nlt night Cam aa1a with a great sraklag li(bt. And tbwed the names whous love ef God had blessed, And lot Bn Adhem't name led all tbe rest! If you, by your humane labors, can lift bat one straw from the miserable, tha down-trod-dan and oppressed it will weigh like a mountain of mere? to them. In a Christian and civilized country the ehtrze should never be truthfully male: "X was lunirj aal ye gate me bo mat; I was

thirsty and ye pave me no drink; I was a stranger and ye took me not in; naked and ye elothed ma not; aick and in prison and ye viaitad nie not" Let di not forgtt that the broad, grand principles of religion rise far above wealth and elf-aggrandizement, and that "wbaUosver ye would that others should do unto you, do ye even to unto them" is the golden rule, the law and the prorhst. Thie state and itaeountiea are now expending over $2,000,000 anmslly for charities and eorttotione, beside a iar;je amount privately given by the people personally to the poor. If yon can advise us bow to use thia money to tbe beat advantage for the cause of humanity you will confer a great blessing, not only on the helpless, but Upon the people of the state. Mijor Su livan'a Welcome. Mayor Sullivan's address was received with much interest and fob owed by hearty applause. He sooke with much earnestness when referring to his observations in the police court. As a representative of the citizens of Indianapolis his welcome was made as forcible as language could express. He knew that no selfish, individual reasons brought bo many people together, but becauso they knew ail

n , Tt . TUOMA8 I.. SULLIVAN'. about misery and suffering in the country and that individual effort to relieve it, however earnest it may be, is not as effective as an organized eflort. "You come, therefore," he paid, "that any experience, plan or method you may have may become tlic common praperty of all, and that concentrated efforts may cope against a concentrated evil. Indianapolis not onlv welcomes this conference but feels honored. "Hypome strange circumstance the popular idea is that a police court is where jokes, smiles and laughter are not out of place. I don't know why this is, but it feems to be so. On the contrary, if there is any place on earth where sighs, moans and tears ought to be beard and are h.-ard, it is in a polico court. In that court coir es, day after day, year after year, a constant! j' flowing stream of misery and wickedness impossible to describe eave by the exclamation, 'In it possible that man, created after the image of God, lias gotten so low'." After a certain number of days th- same people come into the court room again and their faces grow familiar. The defendant takes his punishment, as a receipt for the crime he hs committed and when he is discharged ho believes that he has equared accounts and is free to again break the law. No obligation rests upon him not to break the law if he it prepared to pay the penalty, "In thie etate the jails are places of reformation primarily and not ol punishment. If this conference can devise means that they may become reformatory as a matt t of fact it wid reult in stopping the great stream of misery that goes through the police court. One thing is certain, children can be reformed. Our legislature did a noble and courageous thing when it created boards that could go into a household and take a chill away from vicious surroundings. In a pure atmosphere a child will reform itself. I mention these things in order that you may understan 1 wh'mve say we welcome you, wo have a reason for saving this." The Hesponses. Chairman Hanna announced that Governor Campbell of Ohio was unable to attend by reason et a call to Xow York, and that responses would be made by other members. F. 1$. .-anborn of Poston wa.s the first, and he stated that he had attended the fir-t conference at New York in 1874 when it was a small af'air. Only four states were represented then with an attendance of not more than fifteen people. The number was so small that the conference united with the Social science asnociation. The following years' meetintw were held in Michigan, Saratoga and Cincinnati, but afterward the conference resumed its own identity. He hoped that the present conference would present the topics on the program in such a manner as to deservo the compliments of those who welcomed them to the city. Col. John Gienn of Baltimore spoke entertainingly of the rr-Hults of the conferences, lie was at the San Francisco meeting and saw that it had done good work, the reflection being felt even in Denver. When the presidency was passed over to Mr. McCulioch be knew that it was in ca et'ul hands. The reviews of the country are taking up the work of the conferference and this shows the ho'd it.is gaining on the people of the country. Chairman Hanna introduced Miss Barton wish a few complimentary terms while e'ne stood waiting for the storra of applause to subside. She, had not received even so much as an intimation that she was to be called upon, but was glad to have an opportunity to say a few grateful words and to thank the conference for the opportunity it bad ollered to her aister womanhood. Sde characterized Indianapolis as great in charitie and also a the home of the prepident. She believed that the more thorough the education of the masses tho faster charitios and corrections would fall away. The fe,v that came to the conference from Washington, she said, could remain here o ily a few days, as they must return to Washington where another charity awaited their attention. Sherefernd to the National Chatauqua, which is described elsewhere in an interview. Longfellow's "Greeting" was then sung; by the audience, a list of conference songs having been distributed. freilnt MrC-illnaeh'a Addreae. Mr. MrCulloch evidently has a strong hold on the conference from the reception jriven him as he stepped forth to read his address "On the registration of the DoI.endent, Defective and Delinquent Classes " lie was applauded at frequent intervals. The substance of bis address ia as follows: I take pleasure in weleomlnsr thie conference to Indianapolis. You are met in the exact center of tLe industrial and railroad interest of tbe country. To what better place could you come to do the work for which yon aro apfiointtd? From what center eould influences or rood radiate a? widely. It is a pleaaure to meet again tbe old friends and exchange greeting. It ia a pleaaure to welcome to many new friends. Thie is a cause which appeals to a universal sentiment, which wins to tuelf new recruit, waoee ehorua never grows week. We have met here in tbe true unity of the spirit and the bond of peace. "Pivereity of worship," said tbe Persian, "baa divided the human race into seventy-two religions. From all their dogmas I have selected onedivine love." The entire world shall be populous with that action of thine which save one soul from disc air." laid Omar Khayyam. Said

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Epictetus: The universe iabut one great city, full of loved one , dirine and human, by nature endeared to each other." And Ilee her: "Aa a father atanda in the midat of h a household and says 'What is best for my children?' so we are to stand in tbe world and say what ia beat for my brotherhood?" I make more of this fact of unity in the midst of diversity, for it ia to me one of tn roost beautiful of the results of our work. Thia is it! reaction on those who work in the aatne oauae, who mind the same things. We are not many, bnt one. We do uot differ, save superficially: and little by little we recoenize the truth of that deep word of the early Christian father: "No man can be blamed for calling God's came in inch language ai he best kuowa." Aa we note on evry hand aicna of eprtnff "n the newly come bird and many tlowen o we may note eigna of spring in charity and reform. These will be indicated to us in the varied re porta of the committees. Everywhere there ie an increased and iut-llitent interest. Little by little the gathered groups of societies, working here aud there on some one i hr tt of the great charity problem become eonacioua that they are part of a vast movement extending over the whole country hded throughout the whole world working kindly, scientifically, to relieve or to cure those who are troubled ia mind, broken in oourage, detective in intellect, neglected by parent or gone wrong in lite. Not only to relieve, but to autioipate the condilioua which bring about thia trouble. I note with regret the abolition of the state board in Wisconsin, and the official falling out of our long-time fallow workers in that board. We trust, however, that they will still be with us in the years that are to come, giving us the b -nefit of their experience and the strength of tl.e r counsel. Since we last met our friend, Dr. A. G. Brers, Ion?-time member of this conference, and more recently its president, line been called up higher. We miss his earnest word, his quick wit, his apt story, Lis kindly smile. Uut his life work goea on. God buriea hia workmen but carriea on tbeir work. Ilia life ia now become purl of the great socinl forces that work fur the salvation of the world. He is built into tbe intitutiona and aentimente of the state of Ohio aud of the country. He has become one of the choir invisible. ' A memorial has beon prepared by his friend an I naooiate. Dr. Wines, and an hour has been set apart for memorial exercises. I wish especially, at this time, to direct yonr attention to the ueed of state registration of the dependent, the defective and the delinquent cla'Rf. The longer one works in this field of charity and correction, where lie scattered about on every hand the divine fragments of humanity, the more one is impressed with the seriousness of the work that ia to be done; with ita magnitude, and with its complex nature, and the delicate problems that it presents for solution. I propose to introduce into the various states hiring state boards of charity tbe methods already obtaining In the charity organization, the same careful Investigation, reistrs . on. classification; and that these shall be uniform, and ahall be made the basis for the annual report to this conference and of a possible national bureau of charities and correction. My proposition is this: That in the central office of each board of state charities there aha 1 be registered the inmates of the various state benevolent and correctional institutions, of all county institutions, and, so far as possible, all inmates of private institutions; that ihe main facts, all with regard to them, be ktpt in a card catalogue; and that these regie-

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' ;t I, F. U. SANEOBN'. (rations be posted op, from reports of changes, deaths, discharges, escnpt e, paroles, etc. Jn short, that the atate shall keep as accurate report of its dependent, defective and delinquent population as a charity organization keepa of those with whom it has to do. To a certain extent registration of these classea has already been undertaken by some of the states for the boards of state charities. Correspondence on this point has elicited the following: 1. Aa regards the insane. Massachusetts receives weekly reports from all lunatic hospitals, and haa a detailed notice In case of death by violence. 1 it New York the state commissioner ot lunacy registers all insane, with bucIi changes as may occur. Minnesota keeps no re itral record of the insane. Michigan receives quarterly reports from asylums and yearly reports from the insane in county poor houses and elsewhere. New Jersey keens only tbe usual hospital records. Wisconsin receives no special reports and keeps no registration. Pennsylvania has a very careful system of regiatration of its insane, in the office of the commissioner of lunacy, dating from 1S83; receives also reports ol discharges, paroles and deaths. Illinois keeps lists of its insane, hut not very thnrnugly. Mr. Letchworth writes me that the English lunacy board makes quite extended reports on the insane in England and Wales; that the same ia done 1-y the Sootch board for .Scotland, aud that very unsatisfactory returna are made by the Irish lunacy board. I find, then, that Massachusetts; New York and Pennsylvania are keeping the most careful THE BE V. 0. C. JI CULLOCII. records and registration of tbeir insane in a central bureau. Ind ana has begun the system of the registration of its insane both in state hospitals and in county asylums, keeping a card catalogue of all its inssne, with such general dita aa will present an outline pieture of the caae. Monthly report are received of commitments, discbarges, paroles and deaths, while Immediate notification is given the secretary of the state board on tbe death of any patient. 1 Little is done with regard to the reglitra tion of the other defectives. 3. Still less ae regards the registration of the dependent This is not strange. The superintendents of county asylums can rarely be depended upon to report regularly the inmates of their asylums. The population is shifting. And yet, something has been done; and, ao far aa Indiana is concerned, most of its oounty superintendents have reported the oames of tbe Inmates of tbe asylums. 4. As regards the registration of those In receipt of out-door relief. This, of course, will be the most difficult of all to secure. Tbe unwillingness to register, the very large number of township trustees or overseers of tho poor, make It difficult to secure valuable re porta. And yet, when it is realized that in tbe states of Ohio aod Indiana alooe nearly one million dollars Is expended in the relief of the out-door poor, the importance of some careful supervision and registration will be at once seen. 5. Tbe delinquent, Mr. Wines ealls my attention to an article in the March number of the buUstitt of the 1 ranch 1'rison socisty, oa

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"Prison Registration." which states that "the commission appointed to suggest amendments to the organiration of the Cader Judiciare met at tbe office of tbe minister of justice on the 13th day of February. It decided that etrtaia convictions which are not entered upon the register should be entered thtue In case of relapso, and that correctional convictiona which are not properly to be entered upon the n gister should be e.Ttced seen years after the prisoner'a diaoharge, in case there ia no subsequent con viction. On the 20th of February at a later meeting of tae commission, it was decided to enter upon the register all convictions, with three exceptions, namely, convictiona for rnisdemeanora punishable by fine exceeding one hundred dollars, sentences to aix months' imprisonment under the Cth article of the penal code, and sentences to one month's imprisonment for any ottense other than theft, abuse of confidence, fraud, or an outrage upon good morals. The commission also Ireaflirmed a fnrmer resolution d-o'.aring that there should never be entered upon the register applications of article G6 of the penal code, nor sentences to police supervision where there are extenuating circumstances, nor convictions effaced by the rehabilitation of the prisoner, nor judgments for bankruptcies, nor disciplinary judgments not susceptible of erasure in consequence of rehabilitation. Recidivism Involves the entry upon the register of all convictions whatever may have heen the r eharaoter. There ia no exception to tbe rule of registration in the cute of foreigners, except when a reciprocal agreement exempts French convicts from similar registration abroad. The registers are entirely private and no one can see them or obtain acipvof the records, except those who are authorited by law." It is evident, as will be seen from the report of the committee on reports from etates on statistical aconcies: 1. That no a late keeps complete statistical records. 2. That there ii no conformity among states aa to the few and fragmentary recorda that are kept. 3. That there is an absence of scientifio method. In any well organized charity organization society all thee classes would be registered, and all the facts bearing upon the rate would be known. Only on such knowledge could there be Intelligent action. Is it not evident, then, that here liea before us a vast Celd into which we must enter? These are the wards of the state. We must know tt e n as a whole and aa individuals. We must know the individual history, the characteristics of each one. It is not enough simply to feed them and to determine the per capita cost of food or clothing or shelUr. Each cn cf these must be followed through all the years of his history. From the data furnuhed lr m careful Individual study, come the knowledge of the laws which govern them, of the conditions In which these classes and manifestations of the per turbed or wandering mind develop, and of the means which must be taken to prevent, to cure, as well as to ameliorate. It is not merely a question of economy; it is a question of sociology. Such reports would be absolutely private, for the use only of those whose business it is to know them. The difficulties In the way are enormous, but they are net insurmountable. The cost would be great, but it would be well worth the expenditure. This wiil give the dignity of solenci to our work. It would make poasible the use of the comparative method. I believe it wcull be the means of redeeming our institutions from political control. It would call for the best men. It is evident that in tbe secretaries of our sUtr b ards we hare the means of initiating thia uniform registration. And I suggest that they shall b made corresponding secretaries of their respective states, and that they prepare a plan for Becuritig this registration with the accompanying data. Is it too mil oli to expect that a subject so vast and involving interests ao mny chad at some time become a matter of national moment? James "Whitcomb Tltley concluded the pro-rata for the ever.iiu with one of hia character sketchc.", and a. uual the audience wanted more. Iti entitled "An Incident of the Insane Asylum." I'.iloy's Character filndr. Mr. Ki'ey on coming forward said: "Gentlemen and ladies, I knew a man, a shoemaker, frome years ago. Ho was a citizen of my native town. Ho was an honest and much-loved citizen." .The man had a family of three children aud a wife. Ilin eldest boy whs about the ai?tof twelve ve.srs. Thev had a pretty little shop. I knew tho father :v the Lame of Dutch Frank. I havo a simple story to tell about hiin. Frank wa a man of lovable nature. The littie children loved him. He waa fair and honest with all who knew him and hia business flourished in consequence. Alter some time they had to ex-

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4 JAMES WniTCOMB ItlLEV. tend their shop, and after the lapse of a few more years they owned the place they had previously rented. Now all thia happened in fivo or six years. He waa very affectionate toward his little children, whose names were Frank, Josie and Sessie. There was nothing bad in the man. 1 was strikingly and remarkably fond of Frank, when he took it into his head to get insane. He would not answer anv questions, but of hia insanity there was no doubt He was well enough physically but there were reasons why tho authorities should be called to study his caso. The reBult was that he was brought here to the city and placed in tbe asylum." Mr. Ililey then related the story as it was told to him by Dutch Frank after hia return from the asylum, splendidly imitating the dialect of the old man. He told how Dutch Frank imagined he had received a warning ono niebt that if he spoke to any one he would be killed; the surprise experienced by his family at his continued silence and the growinp suspicion of his unsound mental condition, which finally resulted in his being sent to the asylum. Tben he pictured the old man in the avlum lor fifteen long vears, feeling that he must speak yet fearing that he would be killed if he did. Finally his family, now poor, came to visit him and hia youngest daughter, who had grown to be a young lady, took him for a walk when the old man, throwing away all caution, spoke to the girl and receiving no injury happily recovered from his hallucination SSCONO DAY S SESSION. Beperteootbe Wotk f State The Outdoor Relist Problem. President McCulioch ia st model presiding; officer, his manner of expediting business at the first session of the conference Thursday bearing out this assertion. On occasions of this kind speakers are apt to overstep tho time allotted them on the program, and thus unnecessarily prolong the meeting, but Mr. McCulioch firmly calls time on them. The committee appointed to review by states the work during the last year, and the condition of charities, made a report through A. O. Wright of Wisconsin. Mr. Lucius Storrs of Michigan, who waa to have read it, waa unable to be. present at the conference. The following is an abstract of tho report: The committee on reports from states sent out eirculara to corresponding secretaries of forty-three states and territories. Not all have

reported. Tbe number of etates reporting, however, is much larger than last year. Tbe great lack of uniformity in the reports renders tbem useless for making very reliable aggregate statistical abow nga or comparisnna ol any value or particular interest, but perhaps this fact may give value to the reports, that they bring to our notice andemphasixe most strongly this: That there ia little if any uniformity in oar several states in the care of tbeir defective, poor and criminal population, and that there is great iudiCereuce in obtaining statistics regarding the number aod cost of maintaining such daises, if ibis uniformity is desirable the first work of this conference should be to tet in motion some plan to be adopted by tbe different states wheteby uniform statistics, covering the information desired, shall be reported at the respective state capitals. The committee baa grouped the information received, showing by states, under itemized heads, tbe information obtained. Fourteeu states, inoiud ni: the Di-trict of Columbia, of a population of 2U.000.000, have faded to report, Six Males and territories, with a population of 2,702 OX), bad no corresponding secretary. The remniniug etstes and territories, with a population of 27.S13.UXi, have aent in reports. The following states have boards of state charities: Colorado (organized during the past winter and ia a direct result ot the California conference), Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina (after a dormant condition of the beard for a number f years it has been revived), Ohio, Oregon (organized during the past winter and is the result of the California conference), Ithoda Island, ionth Dakota (this new state at once provided for a state board of charities and correction. There were placed under its managetneut the aute penal reformatory and charitable institutions.), Wiaoonsin, Inuiaua. In most of these the powera are purely advisory and not executive. There are no boards of etatbf charities in the following states: Ciliforniii'a i.ill having been defeated in committee this past winter), Delaware, Georgia, Kanaaa (the charitable iutt tutions are managed by one board of trusteea), Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Nebraska, North Dakota, Tannessee, Utah. Vermont, Virginia, Indian Territory. The following states have boards of health: California, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Alichiirai), New York. In the following states there are lunacy commissions: Maryland, Minnesota, New York, Vermont. In general the entire support of state institutions is undertaken by tbe state and the county institutions by the counties. The re-

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Lt'CICS C. 6T0KRS. port then gives statistics from as many states as they were tbtamable of the number and cost of maintenance of the insane, poor, children, prisoners rnd immigrants, and the legislation concrrnii g tbe defective. Under the bead of miscellaneous among other things it ia noted that the late "Diamond Joe'' Reynolds who recently died in Arizona left that territory $10,. 000 0 O for ehariia le purposes. Concerning the indhn Territory it sari: "The idea ot an Indian state haa taken hold of the people. In no other way will it be possible to prevent the filial extinction of the race and the speedy loss of the lands now owned by civilized tribes. With prcper safeguards, an Indian state would be no disadvantage to tbe union, while it would be more in keeping with civilization and humanity than the present system, which leaves the Indian helpless." After thia statistical report was concluded, a number of the members were allowed to give, in a five minute talks a nummary of the work in tbeir state, if not mentioned in the report, or else observations on particular branches of work. Dr. Jennie MeCaughan of Iowa referred to a woman's department which had been opened at the state prison. There are three insane hospitals in the etate but no statistics as to the number and cost of dependents are pathered. No state board of charities exists. A few private institutions for the care of orphans and others have been founded and arc well maintained. Rabbi J. J.Leught, president of the commission on prieong and asylums in New Orleans, pave a description of charities in that city, where there ia no state aid at all, and where the care of the insane is wretched. During one weak he found nineteen insane people in work-houses, behind bira and subjected to the treatment commonly bestowed on criminals. New Orleans haa a local conference of charities. Ij. A. Barnett of Danville reviewed the system in this Ftate by which a record of emigrants and immigrantu are kept. Delaware is a somewhat undeveloped Held as far as organized charity is concerned. A. T. Clark, superintendent of the associated charities in Wilmington, stated that the first insane hospital waa opened only a year ago. There Is one state prison in Missouri, said Delegate Simpson Ely from that state, A. O. WRIGHT. and it contains 1,800 male convicts and forty female. Missouri haa been a little alow in its efforts in the work now diecusseu Mrs. Farah A. Spencer of Washington is an energetic woman and speaks incisively, fshe talked about the new board in the District of Columbia and the new superintendent. Dr. Amos G. Warner. Mr. F. B. Sanborn made a brief report for New Hampshire, and Ira Ottergon of the New Jersey reform school for boys discussed the nature of hia work. Air. Tliilip C. Garrett of Thiladelphia spoke when the report from Arizona was called and no delegate respondod. He recalled a personal observation of the penitentiary at Yuma, where the prisoners are tnoetly desperate men. In addition to

the rifles which the guards carried be noticed a Gatling pun perched upon a tower ready to kill prisoners by the wholesale in caso they attempted to escape. After Mr. Garrett concluded President McCulioch remarked that his friend from the East didn't know how bad a western man wanted ft pun when he Deeded it. "Well, he don't peneraliy carry a Gatling pun with hiiu," pleasantly retorted Mr. Garrett. Judge R, H. Caldwell of Nashville, Tenn., supplemented the ststistic.il report from his state with a review of the treneral charity work. He made his talk brief, he eaid, f. r fear it would be "all sweetened wind with no vim in it." Kach county in Tennessee has a poor house to which the state's unfortunate are coneipned when a county's pro ratu in the state institutions is exlmnstei. A bill waa introduced in the last legifiaturo which allows the counties an opportunity to care better for their poor and in- ine. In Nashville are two orphan asybrns, a miion home, two industrial ho:r.c. i home for old ladiea. There is al.o a nn industrial school for boys and count ki nro allowed a certain number of pu i Is at: l above that number they must pay iU-t per capita. Davidson county, in v. bit h Nashville is located, psys from ?S2.00 to $oO,000 ft year for charities. The Iiev. W. C. Wilson, stcto daVsrste from North Carolina, created no l:t! amusement when he described the opritions of the penitentiary iu the tar-heel state. He is a robust man of pplemhd stature and set the audience laughim on several occasions. 'The authorities plory in making th penitentiaries pay, dow n in our ot ite,"' eaid he, "and last year these iuetitmions made more money than was needed to rnn them. We have preat need r-f a reform school for boys, and I thinlc we will get one. Tho legislature created a railroad commission r-ome time ao. aud thai almoBt knocked our project in the he.i l. You can't see the connection between railroads and reform schools, ch 7 Web, it was this way. The commission wr.Tit to bring railroads into the state, and in order to do that they must assure capttftli:s that timber and labor can be obtained. Now, if we establish a reform school f.--r boys, we would have to take Jome of tbe youthful convicts out of prison and put them in the school. But that wouldn't do, because the authorities wouldn't have enough convicts left to furniBh ra:it. id with laborers. The authorities rr. .!d say to us, 'Here, you can't do th't-, r we've only got 1,200 convicts and u t' 1,500 to fill our contracts.' The North Carolinans have much difficulty with their feeble-minded children. A lilend gentleman has just offered ground for r.a institution to care for them, but no one has volunteered to start it. The enrn-t charity workers are ashamed of th proarcss, but are doing the best they can."' The speaker concluded by expressing the bopo that he would live to eeo the dy when penitentiaries would be used for purs. Mrs. A. Jacobs of Denver made a spleadi.f impression on the conference. ' rginized charities were trying to "do;;se tho glim" of ignorance in the state, bl:o stated, and to avoid the pitfalls of tho systems in the older 6tates. In the stato penitentiary are 103 male convicts r.nd one woman, lteferring to tho boys in tho penal institutions, she aptly remarked: "We feci that misdirected maternity ha I than more to doin putting these boys there anything else, and we ure trying to remedy the cause." The Colorado state board of charities was formulated after two yenrs of hard work, which itaelf resulted from the frin Francisco conference. Denver haa ten kindergartens with 1,'JOO children in tho eehools. These children have their reaction in their homes. Nineteen societies are united with the charity or eanization in the enime city. She reported fourteen pirls under eighteen years of ags sent to the home of the Good ifnepherd last month, and ad milted that the laws concerning the care ot children are very defective. 13roaching the subject of women's co-operation, she said: "When women are led up to be good, conscientious women and not imitation men, then, and not until then, may the best results be expected." Gen. R. CrinkerholT of the Ohio stato board of charities, made a brief reference to a new law in that state which makes the separation of youths from prisoners mandatory. The name of the intermediate penitentiary has been changed and it is now designated as a reformatory, thu board of charities being allowed a hand in its government. Miss Mary E. Richmond, a bricht young lady, who acta as secretary of the Baltimore local organization, conclude 1 the morning's program. She attributed the great work in Maryland during the past year to the influence of tho l-t eession, held in Baltimore. There has h--n anew awakening in the older charities and they are now working on the line of prevention in addition to the alleviation of misery. A vacation homo for young women haa been established in the T'.'.r.e Hidge mountain, and a home has hc-en provided where children are not only received but their mothers made welcome, too. In this last mentioned institution a room has been set apart with sewing machines, run by electricity. Women who have been broken down by severe work on pedal machines may eew here for a small feo. Evening 8ssioo. The Rt Rev. Francis S. Chatard, bishof Vinccnnes, delivered the following wed received address on "Charity; How le Its Work Best Done?" We are told that the sooial order of the worU is profoundly disturbed; that there is a restless, uneasy surping of the massee which meane trouble. We are also told that thia conies from a want of charity, of consideration for the riehti and feelinjs of our neighbor. I am a! raid there is a great deal of truth in this. But I am checked at onee by the objection that I am out of order; for out-door cLnri-y is the theme of the evening, and this means the dispensing ot material aid. Well, I think if the in-door charity be all it should be, tha outdoor Charity will be all the better revu'..t. d and its beneficial electa be more widespread. It ia undoubtedly true that the chanty c f Christianity civilized tbe world. In a inertir.s: of prominent revolutionists who Iroauht sboi.t the new kingdom of Italy, at a banquet on the Via Condotti in Home shortly after 1870. Terentio JJamiani spoke of the two civilization, tha pagan and the Christian; he looked forward to a better one; the third epoch, he eaid, bad dawned. Sdll he gave great credit to the eoond civilization, to which be and all present owed their enlightenment and culture, This second civilization sprang from ti e truth that men have rights; that tney are equal in this, that their sacred and inalienable rinte are to be respected; that the image of the Creator In each man makes bim an object of consideration, gives hira an inherent dignity thatca'U for recognition and for treatment corresponding to it, even if that man be clothed in the garb ot poverty. A recent poet baa reoognicad n beautiful language this spirit of Christianity. lie lays of the author of Christianity; This Rah, born lowlily, Shoald past dispute, slsine now acbieTed is this Prlog earth great Kilts of blessing and of blUs; Pate, from that erlh, th dynasty cf lore; Strip hia mlsuMt thunderbolts from Java; Jieod to their knee Hume's ( arssr, break the chain From tbe slare'a neck set sick hearts free again J'.ltterly bound by prltuts, and ribes, and scrolls j Andlx-al, with balm of pardi n, sinking souls, Should Mercy to bt-r vacant Ihrooe restore, Tsach riht to kings and patience to tbe poors Phould hy His sweet name all nsmes overthrew. And bv ills lovely words, tbe quick seeds sow Of golden equities, and brotherhood. Of pity, peaoe aad sratle pratse of good. So speaks Edwin Arnold. The Spirit of Christ is the spirit of charity. God, saya tbe apostle, is obarity, is love, and the etiaritr which Is in man is the leva of God ahared by man. whereby he loves, first, God, and aeoondly his neighbor for God's take. This love of one's neighbor nrgea him, compels Mm to do food to his fellow man in need. He that bath the substance of this world and shall aee bis brother in need and shall refuse to have

compassion on l ira. "How?" asks the a-oitle St. Ji bn. "doih ihe charity of i'wd abida ia him?'' 'le spirit of Oiist as shown here la the spirit cf lb; pool s:im?.r'kan. AnC it is th?i spirit, and th.s spirit only, which ss'll restore the disturbed relatione ot men, and these it will restore etfecW usilly. Itra'tst be the spirit f the r eh especially: it is they who are to provide the Lilians and control the disbursing of t.;em both tie ore and the other tall for fortitude and prudence; foritude t: undertake I'rett thines for t'te pop'e and to mr.ke ea-riftree for the poor, aod prudence that thee sacrifices be not tl.rowa awaj( .ut dispenred with discernment tv lliosv w'.io really are in need, Tbie briup e to 'he practical qutiou of relief. Here we find nr-elree fo ta fare witTi the two system?, t! s mirx cf Hate nlief sn 1 that of organized work by indivl-'ui-'t. V."hi much may be aail in favor f t ihe etatw taking care of tbe poer, any ote who h.i huj a littie experience of iu work-, I em iociir.tJ to ti ck, will not le er.t,lii.sia.t c over it. The on'y rcniiy perfect way of cannc f it th po..r ie here L the rru no in d:sper.irg tbrcosh rrL'Jtt'.iiei eifort ii aiiei tin pr i.hng inf'lence of religion; rr t'le re.'s of t!i tnl arc more inmorUnt than ttime or the body, Lat ia noble in man is bis soul: the !ody is o p:ish. i'he aid to the biviy Is.obeniad sebkervieut it the help piven to the eon!. Knite Dpainr.nia-rilly.wfiilcyoustreiicthen tsjaiptiysIci'lj. And you nd not pn.selj tie. A nun's faiih is hia own hu&ins. No one esc r-litva except what bo wants to. Pt y.;u can udvite him to live up to the tenets of his belief, sol ai l li ra to know what r.riniiaiiity is, if he how a diapositijc to eek the fiiu'.il,T. As trie man who de-trcys ano'her'a faith in t'hris!in;tr is th? most of t'l t.riing ii chanty, ro be vho helpe a rnun to be a Christ-aiisho-e himself to be truly charitable Thie is the setr't cf the t.icce'S of t! - or.'anuei societies f the Catholic ciiur h 'lie great relig'oua societies of turn and onen, like tKej ordi-ra !ou:i(led br St. John of f.'i i ind by Bt. t'amillus of I-eil's to atitnd ti e li -pltuls, the Sillers of Charity, t.le Little iters of lb 1'oor, the Sisters of trie Oc.i r-betlir"l and the cany others, ofwt ich the latest is the order just le.iun at i:is'r br Cardinal Lavi zerie lo e.Tti:u:-iifii f'ery inAfrici. Among the lay associations, nuiiierouS in cr?ry t me, in tl isi'.av siards pte-emtnt-nt tiie .o.-iety of St Vincent I'aui, which has rrade tha mms of its founder. zn.m, famous througdout tbe world. Tiietyiieiii tbty fullow is one in which outdonr rebef is especially looked to, and every kind of distress it ia tbeir aim and object to m'et. Au i tbe rrn-on why their work is ao thoroach ard so pfrnoietit aTd so pe-i-vprita: i because itis m-.ieri.i id bestowed by shanty enlightened by religion.

THIRD DAY'S SESSION. Smdry Papers Vpon the Treatment ef Tava aan r.rseoa The Care rnd Treatment rif the Insane" waa the topic to be considered with Bifhop G. D. Giilespie of Giand Kapids ia ?2 q i'-l'-'''. T. J. CHARLTON, the chair. Dr. W. B. FI-tj'aer of this city is ti e chairman of tha rocriiitteo fiaing the question in charge. Dr. A. II. Joi?iton. in?.?ctor of inFt-tu-tions. etate beard of lunacy and charitv in Maiaf.hns:Ita, rer. I a valuable and meaty pr.p.ir on "Ccmudtmtut und Detention of the Ioane." The insane, being sick, shoid 1 not be aub jected to Uk'al forms of co niil.rent id r.yid la their requirement as to p'jur tue pr. koosis ot au individual cas, n 1 there should b-t threa forme ef cotnmitLient of j carets to boa. pitals desigued for ll.tir care, v. i: vc.un'.ary, jud'Cial and emergency corutrtltojen's. The tirst ahould apply to tbos who are on tbe vere ol la.ar.i'j or Fpprtciatii.g' the vital 4u.potU:.ce of early tra'.meut are ci upet.tit t apply for aid. J uu al coojUiitme :ta eb&ul J ba i uaif e oa phys'cier.s' oeriiticateee nhia-iut; a full history of the case, and in emergencies the patent might be committed bv the se.scnuen opos aa agreement tbet the caterer thouid receive proper czamiDaiicn as tooa there. ter as pee.ible. Th power of d-sohare should rest in the hands of the institution' trustees primarily, although the superintendent might parole suitable ro-tv.lescept patiecU, permitting men to viait friends for etsted periods. In co-operaliou with the hospitals the w rk cf boarding tut palisnt In private families mould be pursued ly a ctnt'at Ltard. Much patieo's ehou'd te u.id-T ch at medicsJ observation aod visited frequently. In connection with thj p'isoa of theitets should be a hospital for the treatment of the conTict and criminal ittsane who do rot belong with thoss who have itd blameless lives. Private asylntns should be aubieot to the same rulrs nd reaulauona as the public luatituttone, and tha superintendents of alt hosptttls where insane a-e cared lor should maVe weekly re turca to the Ftate board of alt movements of population. These remaiksapplrt the losrvae under certr.in conditions and ate not intended to do more than point to a lew esse uials (most of whiua are embodied in the Massachusetts lunacy lawe, which work satisfactorily in thie tomrnunity for our class of citlrei sl. Pr. Ibwe3", sape.intendent of th Kankakee, 111 , ueybir.1, discussed voluntary or nelf commitment to inair.e Mylams. II si'dthat self commitment had occn known in eastern states and expects that such an action will com under bis observation ia Illinois. Sotn people can tell for them selves when they are beconiiuj; insane, and it is believed thtt if a person cou'd. le admitted when he finds insanity corning on him the per centape of cures would bi largely increased, ii.-. Dewey tbinkg that when mora natural conditions tar round the treatuie.it ot tha inaane th practic of voluntary coxnitmerit will b come more peneral. Dr. W. Ji. Fletcher offered the fol'owina papf r on detention cf the insane: The question of detention and csre of tbe la sane. iir. Fieiciier ss.i.1. waa one of para-uouut Importance in a'.l Civil goveroniesu. There were n a y rertoni whose inanity tie, loped in aueh a uianner that the necessity of plaeina them ta hospitals U gui r I against injur to tbsmstlves or oilers was r.eyoni question. No more difficult tuedno-l-cel proldtin was ever presented than that of ds. termiiin how te dal justly with minds diseased. The apeaker tben pointed cat tho evils of the present laws governing the aliu Ik-went of the inaaje and tbe diScoltica i volved in ra iking snch a deeisior. X large rambertf eases cf temporary Insanity wbich were ra rely fenetiecal dituibnes should b treateu at home, the wboie point reauug oa the reccgnitioi ol tbe cause of insanity. If the preaent sentiment regardla?1 tbe ('iter and persistence of a l forms of Inaanity la creased during the next half csntory a it has in tha past, Dr. Fletcher awened, the entire revenue of the s'ate wou'd be Insufficient to maintain persons of recognized defect!vs mlns. is remedy for the abuts cf toe frequent detention at public charge, the apeaker auggaated that each state haTe a bsard ot expert, w he ntd be called to examine ell qut onat.'e cases tefore the last resort t. legal precs-din.-s. Th Insane should be detained where tLey can Lave the most freedom, tnc least personal restraint, the best climate and food, the m t fresh air and the fewer keepers, and the mdcal en per intendent of auoh a bokpital auoald only be a man who bad kiV"n years to the study of psychiatry and mental diseases. Tbe larger amount of the abuses aad general reelect of the inaane came fro to the appointment f per loni unlit for such duties. The way to remedy Cant'naad en blstU t'ag.