Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 April 1891 — Page 4

THE JXDrAXA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 15 1891 T WELT R PAGES.

IXDIAKA STATE SEiTKEL BY THE INDIANJPOUS SENTINEL CO. S. E. MORSS. President.

llntered at the Poatoffice at IndlaaaeoUa m eecond clc matter.) TERMS PEH TEABt . Hug! copr (Invariably in Advance.) .S1 00 We ark democrats to bear in mind and select their t)-wa state paper when they com to take subscrlptxna and make op cluba. Agents making op clubt lend for any information tealred. Addeea THE INDIAJs ArOLJS 6ENTINEI. Indianapolia. Ind, WEDNESDAY. APRIL 15, 1891. TWELVE PAGES. "What Sugar Bounties Have) Cost the World. We said recently that "cheap euar," M-hich the world is now enjoying, was an expensive luxury, costing a pood deal moro than it was worth. And eo it is. It is the result of the payment of bounties on eujrar production by several nations, and these bounties have cost the world a great deal more, directly and indirectly, than the world has caved because of them in the price of its suar. The practice of stimulating the production of beet root sugar in Europe, by bounties and protective duties, dates back to the first quarter of this century. But the existing system of excessive bounties dates only from 1S69, when Germany undertook to increase her revenue by laying f.n excise (an internal tax) on all beet Bugar produced. The tax was levied upon the raw beets, and a drawback waa allowed lepon whatever sugar waa exported equivalent to the tax paid on the beets from Which the sugar waa made. The drawlack was calculated on a basis of one yound of sugar to twelve pounda of beets. This standard ws, when adopted, a fair one. But the German sugar producers, byintroducmz better methods of cultivation and improved processes of treatine their raw material, gradually increased their product, until, in 18S0, they made a jxmnd of sugar out of every 8.8 pounds of beets, and they also extracted eujrar from the beet root molasses, which was "not taxed at all, but upon which they received a drawback. What was intended for a tax, therefore, operated as a bounty. It stimulated the sugar production of Germany enormously. The exports of pugar increa.sed from about 500,000 cwt. in 1876 to over 6.000,000 cwt. in 18S5. The consumers of other European countries got the benefit of the cheaper sugar, and Boon their own sujar producers raised a great clamor, with the reeult that France, Belgium, Holland, Austria and Russia began the payment of bounties, and entered 'into competition with each other to see which of them could sell cheapest to foreigners at the expense of their own people." The results were that beet sugar, which in 1SG0 constitutod only 20 per cent, of the entire sugar product of the world, now constitutes about 60 per cent, of the aggregate product. The prices of eugar to consumers have been greatly reduced, but the chief benefit has accrued to England, of course, because while ehe has paid no bounties, subsidies or taxes of any kind on eugar, her people have 6aved 5,000,000 ($25,000,000) a year on their sugar bill, and the per capita consumption ro8e from 5u pounds inlS74 to 74 pounds in 1885 (as compared with about 54 pounds in the United States in 1SS5). Great fortunes were of course made by the manufacturers end refiners of continental Europe out of these bounties. But the bad results of these arbitrary interferences with the natural development of a great industry have far outweighed the apparent benefits. There was an immense overproduction of sugar nnder the stimulus of bounties, and finally a period of severe depression in the BUgar industries of the continent set In. Many establishments were closed or became bankrupt. Many laborers were turned out of employment and great distress prevailed. In a discussion in the German reichstag, in 1SS9, Deputy IIeixe inserted that the bounty system had froved disastrous to the agricultural aborers of that country, who had been compelled to sacrifice all their land to the !eet cultivators. In some districts the laborers were little better than serfs. Pepnty Galleert, in the same discussion, aid: . I can cot discern the smallest gain to cur country. The profits of the system Jiave only been reaped by England. It in German sugar that has enabled England to give sugar to her cattle; it is German capital that has so developed the English manufacture of sweets that it successfully competes with the German manufacturer In the markets of the world and in Germany itself. We pay one and a half to two millions sterling to enable England to consume what would probably be vrorked up by our German industry. Gertlomen, 2 fear that this system han made us the laughing 6tock of our English cousins. "The disaster which the extreme artificial reduction in the price of sugars has thought to other great business interests avnd to the material prosperity and even civilization of large areas of the earth's surface cannot well be overstated," says David A. Wells. In the British West Indies, in the absence of all profit on which is almost their sole industry, it is said that civilization seems destined to disappear from many of the islands, as it already has to a great extent from some of them. In Cuba and Porto Kico there has been an appalling increase of poverty and a cor responding increase of brigandage. In Java the great sugar industry has been on the verge of ruin for years, and the same is true of British India and Australia, while it has been practically abandoned in the island of Madagascar. ' In continental Europe a strong reaction has set in against the bounty-paying system. It has not brought permanent pros perity eitner to the sugar industry or the people, but has imposed upon the latter an enormous burden of taxation, which, in the face of increasing annual deficits, is rapidly becoming intolerable. Russia has already abolished her general system of bounties. In 1887 a conference of repre sentatives of the various sugar-producing cations of the world was held at London to consider the bounty question. Dele gates were present from Germany, Austria, Belgium, Sweden, France, Denmark, ('pain, Great Britain, Italy, the Nether lands, Russia and Brazil. This conference unanimously condemned the system of

bounties and recommended to the respective governments for ratification a. convention, of which the following was the first article: The high contracting parties engage to take such measures as shall constitute an absolute and complete guarantee that no open or disguised bounty shall bo granted on the manufacture "or exportation of sugar. The conference reassembled in 1SSS, when differences of opinion as to the methods to be employed in carrying out its object were developed, and an adjournment was taken until next September, when the conference will reassemble in London. When the whole field is reviewed it appears tbjit the sugar bounty experiment has proved anything but a success. Of course, the price of any article can be nominally cheapened by paying producers of tne same a great big bonus out of the proceeds of the taxes paid by the people. But this is a mistaken policy utterly vicious in principle and wasteful, and indeed ruinous in practice. Its introduction into the United States is certain to prove a national misfortune for which we shall find very inadequate compensation in 5-cent sugar. AtvAppaillng Exhibit. Senator Ai.i.nox and ex-Congressman Cannon, chairmen respectively of the senate and house appropriation committees of the last congress, took about two weeks after the final adjournment of that body to manipulate the figures, and finally made a statement of its appropriations, which they caused to be published in the Congressional Record, and which was given to the country by the Associated Tress. Of course they made the very best possible

showing, but the very best made the total appropriations $9S3,410,129..5 (nearly a billion dollars), an admitted increase of $170,446,200.75 over the appropriations of the Fiftieth congress. Representative Sayers of Texas, a democratic member of the house commit tee of appropriations, has carefully gone over the figures submitted by Messrs. Allison and Cannojt and examined the various appropriation bills passed by the last congress, and he finds that ihey aggregAte 81,038,44':, 83.27, or about fl.tr millions mora than staled by Meaar. ALXKOH and C4NNOX and 944,301,401.29 moro tban the appropriations of the Fiftieth eoogreea. Mr. Sayers semis his detailed statement to Congressman Byxtm and we present it herewith. Mr. Sayers is thoroughly in formed upon this matter, is a painstaking and conscientious man, and we can assure our reader that implicit confidence can be reposed in his figures. His state ment is as follows: COMPARleO OK AP!KOPRIATIO!S MAPI ST TtTK F1FTIKT1I AND FIFTT-FIRT C'ONfi HE-SKS rOH T1IK rist'At. T KARA lSsH, XH'A 1891 AND 1892: 5itli Congress. ! 18-0 and 1vj. 51st Congress. Ifjl and lJZ Agricultural ... Army , JJip'.oruatio and oon aular District of Columbia I4,f7 I'M M 4S,.CO,00) SS S..T67.740 00 ll,SGft".9 32 h.'nj7.7"8 (hi ,64..1U0 84 M7.:i0 73 ' to,677,M 31 4,7s;,P15 :l I 3,419,490 00j 3.l,').",.iy; m 15,0 11,154 i 41.mi.7y3 M i,2i7.Kiu r.111 41.tvi5.3tS 6.'' Fortilcation Indian I Lrf-iM'Utiv, execu-l tiva ami judicial..' .Military acaaeniT... avy FVnftinna. innliitiincr del'.clcLCiei for' pensions .. FostoiT.ee. Hirer and harbor... l7S.0I7.4lft 0V 127.4'.S o78 ('' 2J.:i7,6; yi 2i.nrr?.!oi 2V,44i.bS7 ?l 2 !V,2D.T5t M ir,u:t::,ci go i'i.i:,-.'9i aS,fcy;-l 21 22.r,fi7,r.rv; i fcji.4.u.45 :7 funary civil j Peticiuncies. exeluite f pensions... i Miscellaneous I Total tegular annual api.roprmtioo I'.rmaaeDt annual appropriation 5l'3,(r!2,004 03 S7Sf.,2.-,7,868 M I 1200,51 1.J20 in (TC2,1S,D57 72 Orand tfttal I j"Tl 1W.4249S Sl.tfH.4-l7,8jr. 27 Exec of the KiltT-first orer the r'iftiotu coDgrct, f 241,301 ,401.29. !OTS. (a) Contains i,5:V., 000. estimated by tha treaavry department as nt-cosarr to meet Indefinite appropriation! tor back pay and bounty is volunteers la tb lata war. (b) Contain 816.227.000, eg ti muted as necessary to Comply with tke act to refund the direct tax ; also $4,10.1)00 indefinite appropriation to laild New York custom house. () Amount reported to oongra by the treasury department an hario? beu ezpendad during tha yean lS'j and 1 8.0. (B ok of estimate, to first and eend pessiona of Klfjy-rirst conrcs.) () A.noiirjt estimated by the secretary of tha treasury (l e ul!0f( 13.000,000 additional (or bunty on auR.ir, .stituatcd br the internal revenue office.) on p. 2:2, book of estimates to second setilon, FiftyCist congress. r It will be seen that Messrs. Allisov and Cannon omitted a good many important items, including over $16,000,000 for the direct tax and over $2,000,000 required to make certain indefinite appropriations, and that they very greatly understated the permanent appropriations chargeable to the last congress, while they overstated those for which its predecessor is to be held responsible. We advise our readers to preserve the above tab'o for future reference. It will come very handy in 1S02. TIi Farmer and the Mr. Will C. Reed New Tax Law. writes us from Greentown: I am a reader of your paper and have always been satisfied with your opinion on various questions, l'lease" explain the following: ilow can the farmer of Indiana be benefited by the new assessment law? Hi farm ia assessed at high cash value, and under our tariifand tax expenses he can haftlly make a living. Money loaners are assessed just the same as before, and they are makinjr from 8 per cent, to 25 rx.' r cent. The farmer is making about 0 per cent, on his investment. The farmer will be benefited by the new tax system because in the long run it will reduce his taxes. Those who live in counties which are honestly governed will find that their local taxes will be re duced immediately because of the largo emount 0 property, mostly personal prop erty of individuals or corporations, which has hitherto escaped taxation, but which under the now law will be placed upon the tax-duplicate. On the other hand, the increase for state purposcsso far as the farmers are concerned, will be trilling and temporary. There is no class of property which Ms ben assessed for taxation so near to its full cash value under the old law as farm property. The farm wofth $40 an acre has been assessed at?2"; improvements, 1 1 v implements, 10013, etc., nave Dcen assessed, a3 a rule, for a good deal more than 50 per cent, of their value.'. At the same time Improvedbusinese property in the cities has been assessed at from' 20 to 3.1$ per cent, of its cash value; vacant land in citiei and towns, held for speculation, has been assessed as farm property, at acre rates, frequently not more than 10 per cent, of its cash value; while notes, mortgages stocks, bonds, blocks of merchandise, furniture, plate, jewelry, books, pictures, currency, and other forms of personal property," mainly owned by rich people in the cities, have in large part eecaped altogether, or

else been taxed at but a fraction of their real value. The farmer has "got the worst of it," and so, as a general rule, have the wage-earner, the small tradesman, and other people of limited means. The man who bwned $1,000 worth of household goods has been taxed on $100, the man who owned $5,000 worth has been taxed on $i00. The former was as Btssed on 50 per cent, of his goods, the latter on but 10 per cent. The new law does not, aa Mr, -Reed seems to believe, provide that personal property 6hall be taxed as heretofore. It provides that it shall be listed at its true cash value ; and furthermore it contains every possible precaution against the concealment or undervaluation of such property. Severe penalties are fixed for the concealment or false returns of personal property, and there can be no doubt that the result will be the assessment of a large amount of property little, if any of it, belonging to farmers which has hitherto escaped taxation altogether. This will cause an immediate reduction in local levies to a far greater amount than the increase in the 6tate levy, and in a year or two will remove the necessity for the lat ler. Under the new law, in brief, the farmer, the wage-earner, the small tradesman, all people of email means, will pay only their just proportion of the state and local taxes, whereas they have heretofore paid much more than their just proportion. On the other hand, the bankers, the railway corporations, the money lenders, the wealthy men of our cities, the great merchants, will also payj heir just proportion of the state and local taxes, w hereas they have heretofore gotten olT with much less. Of course this will benefit the farmers immeasurably. It will cause a very material reduction in their taxes in the long run. They have everything to pain and nothing to lose from the intruduction of a fair, just and honest system of appraisement The Democracy and Free Trade. Mr. R. Elliott, a worthy democrat of Mechanicsburg, writes The Sentinel a

letter, which we publish elsewhere, in which he protests against our statement of the tariff position of the democratic Jl party. He objects to our use of the words "free trade" in defining the democratic policy. Mr. Elliott insists that while the democratic party is opposed to high protective duties, it is not opposed to a little protection, or what he calls "incidental protection," and he appeals to the national and state platforms of the party in support of his statements. We are afraid Mr. Elliott is a little be hind the times. In current political phraseology the term "free trade" signifies the opposite of protection, and means, in its broad 'sense, the levy of taxation purely for purposes of public revenue. England is universally called a free trade country, and yet England raises a vast revenue by customs duties. In the sense that the democratic party is in favor of raising revenue, whether by customs duties or other methods, without regard to the interests of any particular class, it is a tree trade party and it is hitfh time that all democrats ceased, ns a vast majority of them have already, to be afraid of this term. It is a very innocent term and means simply that liberty to buy and sell in the world's markets which JKFFr.KsoN and Madison advocated without being subjected to any other restrictions than are necessary to secure revenue to the government. Spoakin? of democratic platforms, the national platform of ISTiG declared that The time has come for the people of the United states to declare themselves in favor of free seas and progressive free trade throughout the world. This resolution was reaffirmed by the two democratic national platforms of 1800. In 1864 the platform waa silent upon this question. In the platform declared for a tariff for rerenve upon foreign imports and such equal taxation under the internal revenue laws as will afford incidental protection to American manufacturers. In 1872 the democrats accepted the platform of the liberal republicans, which relegated the question to the congressional districts. In 1S76 the democratic platform denounced the protective tariff as "a masterpiece of injustice, inequality and false pretense," and demanded that "all custom house taxation shall be only for revenue" The platform of 1SS0 declared for a tnrijTor revenue only. The platform of 1SS4 demanded that federal taxation shall be exclusively for public pvrjwr. The democratic platform of 1888 reaffirmed the tariff plank of 1854 and indorsed Mr. Cleveland's great message as the correct interpretation thereof. If our friend will look over the democratic state platforms adopted last year, he will find that nearly allot them declared for a tariff for revenue only, and not one of them for "incidental protection." The Indiana platform said: So long as the government depends for support in any degree upon a tariff we demand that it be levied for revenue only. The Illinois platform said: Realizing that a tariff is a tax, we insist now, as heretofore, that such revenue as is required to honestly and economically administer the government should be raised from internal revenue and duties on articles of luxury, thus exempting and making cheaper all" articles used by the masses of the people. The Iowa platform said: AVe are in favor of a tariff for revenue onl;. The Michigan platform denounced tax ation for other than public purposes as "a radical perversion of the power to tax con ferred upon congress by the people." The Minnesota platform said: Y e declare our uncompromising oppo sition to the policy of a protective tariff. and wo deny that the federal government has any right, legal or moral, to use its taxing power for any other purposo than to provide a revenue for the actual needs of the government when administered with strict economy. The Ohio platform said: All monev takn tv law from the people should go into the public treasury. Taritf taxes should be fur revenue only. All socalled protective taxes are dishonest, wasteful and corrupting. Wc might fill a column moro with ex tracts from the democratic state platforms of 183fJ and lS'JO similar to the above. We can find nothing in any of these platforms about "incidental protec tion.'.' The democratic party has always been opposed to the protective policy, but

never so unanimously and emphatically as it is to-day. It is a progressive party, and is ever responsive to the demands of advancing public sentiment. It has taken a long step forward during the last few years, and the time has gone by when alleged statesmen- who 6hudder at the words free trade, and who proclaim free trade a suicidal policy, can expect any recognition from it in its national capacity. At this moment, while the republicans are running away from the protection flag, and seeking refuse from the wrath of a plundered people in the dele.ive harbor of "reciproeit'," is a poor time for democrats to talk about "incidental protection" or to stand on the house tops proclaiming that they are not free traders. So far as TnE Sentinel is concerned, it is not afraid to be called a free trader. An Expensive Luxury. The Jfliimo', in an article on "Free Sugar," has this to say : Most intelligent people, except the freetrade monomaniacs, know that to the stimulation of higii protective duties and government bounties the civilized world owes cheap suirar today. Cheap sugar has come within ten years, and it has come because the output of beet sugars has be-'-n grtater than that of cane for a half dozen years. B. et sugar is an artificial production, and the industry would not have been established had not Franco given it both the protection of a high tariff and the Ethnulation of the bounty years azo. The wonderful development of the industry during the last ten years in Germany is due to a government bounty. But for the efforts of these two governments to build up the beet-sucsr industry tugar would, in all probability, be a luxury today, worth 15 cents a pound. There is no doubt that the wor'd owes its cheap sugar, 6o-called, in large part, to the payment of bounties by certain governments to sugar-growers, nor is there any doubt that this so-called cheap sugar is about the most expensive luxury the world enjoys today. The world has paid dearly for it in the form of subsidies, bounties, taxes, etc., etc., as well as in the derangement of great industries, the depression of trade, the exhaustion of immense areas of scil, etc., etc. There is a cheapness, so-called, as well a a dearness, which is a curse to any peo

ple. The cheapening of a commodity by artificial methods, involving a violent disturbance of normal conditions, is a most expensive and frequently disastrous process. In this country today we are buying sugar for 5 cents a pound. This would be a good thing if it had been brought about by natural causes, and if we were not paying for the reduction in price in other ways. But we could well afford to pay 2 cents more a pound for eugar, this 2 cents to go to the support of the government, if by tlm means we were freed from the $10,000,000 per year wo pay in bounties to the cane-growers of Louisiana and the 6ap-boiIers of Vermont, and from the burdensome taxe3 upon clothing, medicine, furniture, shelter, tools, etc., for the retention of which the reduction of the sugar impost afforded a pretext. Our socalled cheap sugar is costing us, in a roundabout way, a good deal more than it i3 worth. Five-cent BUgar is, in point of fact, about the mo6t expensive luxury Me enjoy todaj-. The late P. T.- Barn cm was one of the bet known men in the world. Ilis name was literally a household word on at least two continents. It was as familiar to the men and women of Europe and America as the names of Bismarck, Gladstone, Parxell Grant or Cleveland. It was the greatest name in all the earth to the small boy, to whom the other names mentioned had a very indefinite, if any, significance while that of Barnum bad a vast and impressive meaning. It suggested bigness, and greatness.a'nd splendor, and magnificence; it brought visions of wild adventure; of hair-breadth 'scapes, of lion-taming, and hippodrome races, and balloon ascensions, and divers wonderful things, as well as recollections and anticipations of fun and frolic galore. No small boy worthy the tradition of his kind, that did not worship at the shrine of Barncm. And . so did millions of "grown-up people, to their credit, be it said, because Barnum was, take him for all m all, a great institution and worthy of honor from every believer in a true philosophy of life. In Europe Barncm waa regarded as a typical American, and it can not be denied that he typified some phases of the American character better than any other man of his time, lie was audacious, enterprising, plucky, full of grit and "nerve," always ready to tike desperate chances, and, whether winning or losing, always eerene and hopeful and buoyant. Ho was a marvelous judge of human nature, and therein lay the great secret of his success. He could read the people as well as any man of his time. He knew what they wanted, and he gave it to them with resulting fame and fortune. As ho expressed it, the people "liked to be humbugged," and he gratified them. He resorted to a good many tricks to capture the people's dollars, especially in his earlier yars, but first and last, the people got their money's worth, and they always had a great admiration for the man who had played upon their credulity or ignorance bo cleverhr. There were few more popular men than 1. T. Barnum. If he "humbugged" people he was not a hypocrite. He played a useful part in life. He gave hta money liberally to worthy objects and assisted many good car.3cs. He was a great benefactor to his own city of Bridgeport. He achieved "tha greatest show on earth." He was, in fact, a trump. The world waa happier and, we doubt not, better for his living in it. He did a great deal of good and very little, if any, harm. He lived to a green old age and died like a gentleman and Christian. It is safe to say that we shall not soon look upon his like again. Men And Yomcn'n Work. Thousands of women every year are forced by stern necessity to carefully measure their talents against their am bitions and to select for themselves a profession' In making her selection generally a woman do.s ' not consider whether the work in which' she wishes to engage belong to man or woman ; but whether her capabilities will fit her for it. If rlie selects a branch of work whereof man has heretofore been tno hionopolist she is constantly asked by some cigarette fiend -to explain' what she means by trying to do a man's, work, and if she isn't afraid she will learn to swear, emoke

and chew. In answer she can complain

with justice that she is obliged to go outside of what is generally Known as woman's sphere to find work, for men are doing the work that has always been designated as women's work, and they are crowding women out. The kitchen, properly speaking, is woman's throne and cooking her ecepter; yet go into the large hotels, restaurants, steamers, cars and the private houses of millionaires, in fact any place where fine cooking is required, and you will find men cooks. The largest hotels and ret-taurants employ men aa waiters, and they are employed as chambermaids on steamers and railway sleepers. Men have been found to carry out carpets and beat them and lift heavy furniture so much better than women that every woman who has the means employs a man to help clean house. In California the Chinamen are employed as " hired girls," and they form a large portion of the washee-washee element in almost every large city. When the fashionable woman with a bag of ducats wishes to replenish her wardrobe she goes abroad and entrusts the making of her dress to Worth or some other man modiste. If she cannot go abroad she patronizes some man dressmaker at home, or in emergencies turns her dressmaking over to the tailor. Some of the most exquisite hats in existence are the results of manly brains, and men can run a sewing machine with so much more ease than women that they are taking the bread out of their tister's mouths in that line of work. Has any one ever p:iufed to consider the effect that this taking of women's places wi'.l hnve upon the men? Will they not become effeminate and want to don drosses? Suppose they should cultivate nerves and hysterics at.d all the foolish nesses of which women are accused? What is to become of the women if the men insist on taking their places as housebold drudges? Does not necessity compel them to educate themselves for higher work and enter the various professions? The Prnfeiifclonai Woman's Need. The professional woman of today is making a serious mistake. She is burying herself in her profession and giving up every other interest. This lack of relaxaation and over-earnestness in her work leads, sooner or later, to a shattered nervous system and a resort to the use of nerve tonics, digitalis to stimulate the action of the heart, opiates to induce sleep, and no end of patent medicines to hold her body and soul together. This is especially true of school teachers. When the teacher leaves her school-room at night she carries with her a stack of books. She sits down immediately after a hasty supper, ties a wet handkerchief around her aching head, dives into her books and studies until nearly midnight; then she is obliged to take something in order to sleep. She seldom mixes in society and spends her Sundays teaching Suudayschool classes. Her earnestness is commendable, but her total abandonment of all recreation, her withdrawal from society, show a narrowness which does her no credit. Women ph)sicians are notably foolish in their ideas that their sole business in life is to give medicine. They spend every moment when not in the coneultation-roora, or by the Bide of a patient in studying. They do not allow themselves one moment's recreation. When the professional woman is given a brief vacation from the office, or schoolroom, she packs her trunk with books and microscopes, instead of with pretty dresses and summer novels, and gives herself up to thorough study and scientific research. The professional woman needs to so arrange her work that she can mingle more in society and enjoy healthful recreation. Her brains and body alike need rest, and her work will not suffer for a lack of broadening ideas. A new and popular edition of Henry George's great work on "Protection and Free Trade" has been published, and ought to have the widest possible circulation. It is printed in clear type on good stock, bound in paper, contains 216 pages, and is sold at the remarkably low price of 25 cents. This book is conceded by nil competent critics, of whatever economic echool, to be one of the mo9t important contributions to the voluminous literature of the great question of taxation that has been made in many years, and to be perhaps the clearest and most forcible presentation of the free trade argument in the light of current conditions, that,has been offered. Whatever may be thought of Henry George's viewe upon economic questions, his rank as an original and vigorous thinker, and as a strong and effective writer, is too well established to be questioned by any one. His resources of expression and skill in dialectics are really extraordinary, and it is to be doubted if he has a superior among living writers in "the art of putting things." The friends of the free trade movement, and all who are anxious for a full discussion of the most important public question of the day, should use their best efforts to promote the circulation of this handy and inexpensive edition of a real classic in political economy. The book can be purchased in quantities at a large discount from the regular price, and will be sent to persons designated by those ordering or will be distributed "where they will do the roost good" by the Hand to Hand club, 42 University place, New York, under whose auspices it is printed, and to which orders may be sent. That Chicago is a safe and reliable democratic city on national issues is shown by the results of Tuesday's election, whether Cregier be counted out or not The combined democratic vote on mayor was 30 per cent, larger than the combined opposition, while within one of twice as many democrats as republicans were elected to the board of aldermen. On this Bcore the democrats made a magnificent gain. The present board consists of thirty-five democrats and thirty-three republicans, while the new board will comprise forty-five democrats and twentythree republicans. Even if they succeed in counting in Hempstead Washbcrne the republicans will be able to draw mighty little consolation from the returns. By the death of William Wallace Indianapolis has lost one of her mct conspicuous and highly honored character and Indiana a man who has' been most deeply identified with her growth and prosperity. The mourning at his death will be widespread and sincere.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Subscriber, Brookville, Ind.: Banna's resignation eeems to have miscarried. Notwithstanding his rotten official record he still han sr on, although he spends most of his time running around the country trying to boom various stock jobbing schemes. ET CETERA. There are 600 lawyers in Pittsburg, but 200 of them are down with the grippe. Mr. Agnes R. James announces herself as a candidate for city treasurer of Hutchinson, Kas, Koswell P. Flower is an expert euchre player, and though he is a busy man, can manage to spend half a dozen hours at a time showing his friends at the card tables what it is to be playing againt a master in their use. Mr. Lorettcs P. Metcalf has resigned the editorship of the Forum, after fifteen years of close confinement to review work. He is to be succeeded by Mr. Walter II. Page, an experienced newspaper man, who has been the Forum's business manager. T'.ie Hon. Patrick Walsh of Augusta, Ga., has been shown the statement of receipts and expenditures for the year of a Georgia farm representing an investment of $10,000, where the yearly profit is $ S.Sol. 45. The farm is a few miles from Augusta, and the principal crop raised was cotton. Mrs. C. M. Smith, w ho died last week in San Francisco, was. years ngo, Miss Todd, sister of pretty Mary Todd, who married young Linco'n in Springfield in 1?42. Whi'e Lincoln was president Mrs. Smith was a great deal at the white house, assisting her sister in doing the honors of the presidential mansion. Considering that Harry Abbe of Middleton, Conn., is ninety-two years old, he is about as smart a man as there is in the state, and can do a day's work as cleverly as men fifty years his-junior. And he is one of the best 6tory tellers in the country. Fish yarn spinners are dumb in his Eresence, and ordinary liars pay him omage. The dog-catcher of Berlin recently ran in the . Ftable-dogs of Kaiser Wilhelm. The dog-caicher of Berlin is the public ext-cutioner, otherwise his own head might have been in danger. The offense was condoned when it was laid upon a journeyman dog catcher who had not yet been formallj introduced at the kaiser's kennels. Mli.e. Secard, who is said to be very beautiful, was the queen of the Paris washerwomen in the Mi Careme parade this year. She had the unanimous suffrages of 83,000 washerwomen, and although queen for one dav only she was robed in white satin embroidered in gold, and was seated on a throne covered with crimson velvet, flecked with golden bees. A valuable cow, owned by Ezra Cornstock of Xew London, died from a peculiar cause. Some two weeks ago Mr. Comstock's little daughter and somo of her playmates were romping in the hawmow and one of the little girls lost a hat pin, which was five inches in length, with a glass head. Soon alter the cow became sick, apparently suflering greatly, and finally died. A post-mortem examination showed that the cow had swallowed the hatpin, which had penetrated the heart. Complaints are being made that Uncle Rusk is sending out packets of poor seed, and that, as an agriculturist, he is so verdant that he couldn't teil an adiantum cuneatum from a ballet girl's wig. This may be eo, but the farmers should give the old man a bit of time. He is (studying a ten-cent seed catalogue until he fair.y dreams of cauliflowers and clover, and hopes soon to be able to subscribe for a fanners' weekly, so as to learn how to utilize potato vines for grafting purpoFes. Philadelphia Times. Blood oranges have become 60 plentiful that the New York Journal has renewed the charge that the Italian fruit dealer of the metropolis are guilty of charging ordinary oranges with red analine dye by the means of hypodermic syringes. This charge is corroborated by one of the leading fruit dealtrs of New York, who, in answer to an inquiry as to blood oranges, replied: "Blood oranges? Why, thev are simply oranges that are 'fixed' by Italian dealers. We don't deal in that kind of fruit." Beware of the blood that is in the orange. A MYSTERIOUS DEATH. Edwin Stiotawnjr Knew Too Much About a Railroad WrecV. Springfield, Ma's., April 11. Edwin L. Shumway, aged thirty-five, was found dead at the foot of Clay hill, near Westfield, this morning. There were no signs of violence about the man's body and he had apparently been dead twenty-four hours. There are many strange circumstances connected with Shuin way's death. On Monday evening, the evening of the Boston & Albany railway disaster, Shumway borrowed a bugry to take two friends somewhere. He was one of the first on the scene of the wreck and was recognized by many of the passengers. He stated at the time that he was at Riverside house, near by, when he heard the crash. It is believed that the two friends that were with Shumway that night were the trainwreckers, and as Shumway had been talking a good deal about the matter to his friends, it is thought the two men murdered Shumway through fear of being exposed. Poison was probably given to him. Harry Lambtt of the Riverside house said that Shumway told him he knew who the wreckers are and through this statement the police were to have arrested him this morning. Some believe that Shumway was aware of this and to escape conviction took his own life. A I.ulle Tragedy. Cleveland, O.. April 11. News was received todav of a double tragedy which ocurred in Polk township, Ashland county,, on Thursday. On thst day James Markham, an aged farmer, was found dead in his house with a bullet hole in his head. His wife lay near him with a bullet wound in her forehead. She died soon after neighbors arrived. The story told by one of Mrs. Markhatn's sons would indicate that the woman was killed by her husband, and that he committed suicide. The coroner is investigating the case. 1IUESSL9 rolt AFKIL. Fadalets and fast, bo elair and bright, They give great pteaaure and delight; To every maiden, molber, wife, A irfcetbooa in trery Hie The D imosd Dms. Your drtaiea, ahavla and faded clotbea, ' Your husbaod'i coat, and cblldrtn'i hoaa, Jktt a'l reoewed and eon apar Fitted to wear aoctber year WlTU DUMOSD DYIS Spring clothes ere a bugbear to many a woman, espeel lly when abe wanta bar pin nion7 for other pur,fv.t. JJert Is where the great worth of Diamond Dyea ia appreciated. A package or twe of the Black, Feat, Brown, Cardinal Bed, or ether color, will make an old dreet look like a uew one, with but little trouble or tieoe.

LIVELY PISTOL .MATKEE.

Florida Politicians Indulge in an Argunent, And Make Gun largets of Each Other. The Trouble Grows Oat of the Call Contest." Several Shots Exchanged in a' Crowded Ho.elt Bnt Nobody Is Injured and No Arrests Are Made. . Tallahassee, Via. .April 11. 1 shooting affray took p!ace on the piazza rf the Leon hotel this afternoon between'S. ?. Harvey of Pensacola and J. L Alexander of Deland. Harvey has been one of the active workrrs for John F. I'unn in hit contest for the U. S. senatorship and Alexander is here in Call's interests. ! Harvey was eeatel on the pia.ia when Alexander came up the steps w itk Clark, ex-postmaster of Jacksonville. Harvey beckoned to Alexander to walk down the porch with him. Harvey had hexri that Alexander had reported that he (Harvey) had boasted that there was $2-V,0G0 in hand in Tallahassee witn which to defeat Cail and he asked Alexander if he had circulated this story, adding that lie did not propose to let him or any other man te'l lies about him. Alexnndr asked if Harvey meant to call him a liar, and upon Harvey's replying "Yes," he struck Harvey a blow on the left temple. Then both drew their pistols almost simultaneously. Harvey fired; Clark struck his arm and the ball missed Alexander. Alexander turned and ran and Harvey fired a second shot at him as he passed through the door. Clark still struggled with Harvey, who then ran to the door and fired a third shot at Alexander as the latter disappeared through the back door of the office-building to the barber-shop. None of the shots took effect, with the exception of a spent ball which hit Albert Vogt in the foot, doing no injury. In a group within twenty feet of Harvey when he fired, and in direct line of his shots, were E. H. Purdy of Dayton, J. C Spottswood, A. Vogt and F. W. Hawthorne, agent of the Associated Press. They had to dodge the balls to escape being hit. When Harvey fired across the ollice there were half a dozen people passing in and out of the dining-room and up and down the siairs, but luckily no one was hit. Wild excitement prevailed for a few minutes and the whole hotel was in an uproar. Several minr.r altercations grew out of the affair, but nothing serious. Alexander says that his pistol caught in the case as he was pu ling it from his pocket, which enabled Harvey to "get the drop on hiin." After that he did not dare to fire for fear of hitting Clark, v ho was struggling with Harvey. Alexander undoubtedly owes his life to Clark's interference. No arretOa weia made, but the mayor served notice on both men to appear in court Monday. It is predicted that he will fine both men heavily, under two or three different charpes. Alexander's friends had told him early in the day that Harvey was locking for him ana there would be trouble, and one of these friends had insisted that Alex ander take his pistol, which he finally did. It was in a rubber holster in his hip pocket just as when handed to him a ehort time before. CALIFORNIA. OREGON. WASHINGTON. WEEKLY CTESLAND KCrESI0S3,,i?B?r.B-1T.:?K fMerpIn Cera. leaTO Chlrare 1S.OO . e-tr-imj of pftr; week. F-Beh Lxeamlea ta eaarre ef efficient and reatlenenly Llor.l. Muirrr. I'oaltlvcly tbeenly BreaflyeodBeted IMrrUnd F.aeerelnee la Deaver aad VI fcraade fy. tk ! line efthe world.) For Kette, reaerretiea of liertba, ele., eeM ea or aa1rea, J. C. J Llo 4. CO., li Uark St., Clicacre. TATE OF INDIANA. MARION COUNT V. 8. S.: Albert S. Caldwell Ti. Mary IUyhill, Kajbin, her husband, et al. In the Marion Circuit Court, in the State of Indiana. No. 5.446. ( ornplaiut to quiet title, etc. Be it known, that on the Cth day of November, 18'JJ, the aboTe named plaintiff, by b. a attorney, tiled in the office of the Clerk of the Marion circuit Court of Marlon couuty, in the Mate of Indiana, bia complaint aesiutt ibe above nam ad deten lame aud other, and the aaid plaintiff' havinr also filet in op u court In ald canoe the affidavit of a coiupi'ttnt pemon showing that the object of aaid action it to try and determine and quiet the title to real estate Hinted In Marlon county, in the Slate of Indiana, ud to enforce 1 eoa tuert'on, and that the following named defendauti in oaid action are nn-reaident of tbe hi ate of Indiana, to-wit: Elirabeth i. 8. Hrri"-n, Henry H. bbeeta, Sheets, hia wife, Mary K. Sheets, Catharine 11. Sheeta, Thomas R. Stxet Shute, hta wife, John M. Toweil, Powell, bia wife, l.iuraa J. Loey, I r t , her husbai.d, W. W. Baldwin, secretary, W. W. Haldwiu, Baldwin, hia wife, Thames Loan and Trml Coiiipany, Eva Conkl. Conaie, Ler iMtetand, Fraak McWhinuey. Adeline . liaonanian. Mary James. James.' bsr husband, Uonry G. Hanuaman, Clara linnaman, hia wi;e. And that on diligent inquiry male the name of the following defendants in aaid action are unknown, and they are believed to be uon-reeidenta of the State of Indiana, to-wit: Tbe unknown bein of Mary Il.iv hill, deceaxed : the unknown heirs of Andrew J. Newsom. deceased; the unknown heirs of John F. Hunt, dVceased. And that upon diligent inquiry made the residence of the following tamed drfon'lants in eaid action are unknown, to-wit: Mary liayhill. Rat hill, her hueuand, Alb rt N. fcaudl'ord, Bandford, hia wiie, tii-once 1'endleion, Pendleton, h! wife, A. Willie Ciorrell. Gorrell, his wlte. Charles Jones. Jones bis wife, Comtort J. K-y-nolJi, Ifynolds, her husband, Josephine M. Frauk, Adalinard Frank, bar hushand, fciUi C. hiedsoe, Hiedsoe. bia wife. Kudnra D. lottoey, Dudley Uoward W tiins. Usury C Meara, Henry F. Voiicbt. lieuty Moore, trustee, John C Keck, - Keck, hia wi'e, Mary A. Ward, Ward, her husband, Llrhermnn I. Mosler, MoMer, bia wife, Janice C Mendeuhall, Mendenliall, bia wile, M. 1. 1. C'allon, Samuel H. Sweet. Veley Demrster, Charles HntchloMin, Andrew V. Mitchell, William H. It Martine, C'harlee U. Pet, Frank K. Chambers, Fennelt Nj Ileal, t-arah A. Deal, bia wife, Anderson II. Piland, 1'ilauJ, bia wife. Andrew J. Ntwont, Newsom, his wife, lieory U. listing. llabln, his wife, Wiillaoj lowiii, lownie. Me w. ft-, Nannie tddy, Kddy, her hushand, Willia.d X (iruhb, Grubb, Joa phine Carter. Cart r, ber husband. John Kri, James W. Lewie Lewis. hia wile, Martha J- Dolan. John J. Smith, Isaao A.Koseherry, Koeeberry, his wiie.Keney t Hendricks. Hendricks, her bulaud, Era W. Sinipklna. Simpk na, his wife, William Haln, Haines, bia wife. John F. Hunt. George H. B inebraao, Frank B. Walkar, Walker, biamife. lieorr C Kcttenhacb, Ketteohach, hia wile, W. Fi Keiteabach. EettrrUrh, hit wife, John Nusa, Nuss his wlf Samuel Foul, Foot, hia wile, Abel D. fcireight, Streiht, hia wife, burleieh C D. Head, - Bead, hia w We. And that allot the herein above named and mentioned defendanta in aaid rsne ere proper and neoesafcry defendant! In aaid action. And whereas said plain tUfhatltiir Fy indorsement C-n aaid complaint required aaid defendants to appear in aaid court and answer or demur thereto, oa tbe :3d day of Hay, I vjh Horn therefore, by order of said court all raid defendants herein above named are hereby rotlh. d of the cling and pendency e.f said complaint avaiust them, ant that unlrsi tbsy aper and answer of d mur thereto, at the calling of tali raue on t 2-ld day of May, 14?1, tbe aame being tbe 18ta Indicia! day of a t-rui of said ouurt, to b berna and held al the Court Houe, in the oity of Indianapolia, on tha first Monday in May, HJl, aaid complaint aad the nattere and thtntr therein contained and alleged, will be beard and determined in their absence. JOHH K. WilU, Clerk. O. B. Jicicwa, attorney lot pliinU t I-3t