Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 8 April 1891 — Page 3

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MDRNING,. APRIL bT, 1691 TWELVE. PAGES.

BARON FAYA RECALLED.

King Humbert "Unchains the Dogs of War And Throws Wide the Gates of Janus' Temple. Startling Sequel to the New Orleans Massacre. The Italian Government Considers Itself Insulted, And Adopts Heroic Means to Secure Redress. Diplomatic Relations With the United States Severed. Governor Nlcholls Letter Provokes tho Hasty Act. AmericanTourists in Italy Held as Hostages. The Act Equivalent to a Declaration of Hostilities. officials at the State Department De cllne to Talk. Washington, March 31. "With aa official note dated today Baron Fm,the Italian minister, bas declared to the secretary of state that the U. S. government, not having given the assurances that the murderers of the Italian subjects acquitted by the American magistrates and murdered in prison while under the immediate protection of the authorities of "Sew Orleans, Mould be brought to justice, the Italian government has foiled it;If under the very painful necessity of showing openly its dissatisfaction by recalling the minister of his majesty from a country where the Italian representative is unable to obtain justice. The baron will soon leave the United States, leaving the secretary of the legation in charge only of the current allairs. This action by the Italian government caused the deepest surprise in official circles here when the fact became known. It had been generally supposed that the Italian government would at least await the action of the New Orleans grand jury, which is charged with an investigation of tho bloody epi.sodo at the 'ew Orleans jail. It appears, however, that the information received from its representatives must have led that government to tho conclusion that tUs grand jnry investigation would fail to result in tho punishment or even indictment of any person connected with the killing of the Italians. The letter of Governor "ichol!s in reply to Secretary Blaino was also, it is thought, regarded as evasive of the real point at issue reparation for aa alleged wrong and the governor's assurances that further bloodshed would not follow, unaccompanied by any excuse for the failure of the state or municipal authorities to take precautions to prevent the killing, was, it is 6aid, regarded by the Italian government with extreme dissatisfaction. It appeared to it lhat the United fctatcs government had exhausted itn resources. The relations between the national governraent and the government of tho states were so affixed by the American constitution that when tho Italian minister, obeying the commands of his government, eought for some assurance that the persons concerned in the ItiliLns of its subjects would ba punished, it was not possible for the general government to give any definite aaturanco of the kind. It could and did point to the fact that the grand jury was the American provision for cabin? before the bar of justice the persons who had violated thi law of the land. But this particular grand jury was called ogether under the laws of ihe sovereign state of Louisiana, and whether or not it would punish a cording to the Italian idea of justice was eometbina that no national ofiicial from the president down could guarantee. The Italian government was not satisfied with euch views. With the relations between the 6tate and national government and the peculiarities of our constitutional eystem of government it had nothing to do. Hut it was necessary, according to its views, that Italian citizens in foreign countries should be accorded the full measure of protection fixed by the laws of these countries. Here was a cae whero, according to the statement of the minister, the Italian subjects had been arrested on a charge of crime and acquitted by an American jury, according to tho forms of American law. The.-o men declared innocent by a judicial tribunal had Letn tlain by an angry people. The Italian government could not go behind the verdict of the American court, and notwithstanding it was stated in some quarters that the men were really guilty of fool assassination and had been acquitted by means of bribery, in the eye of the Italian government they were innocent Italian subjects. In their violent killing the Italian people had been outraged and insulted. The national government of tho United States had, as stated, failed to give any definite assurance that reparation would be made. There was but one recourse and that was taken today when the Italian minister notified Secretary Blaine that he had been recalled because his government was dissatisfied with the negotiations. This is the Italian view of the matter. There was commotion among the state department officials when the fact became known that Baron Fava had been recalled. They did not know it officially save the secretary before the cloe of office hours, for the secretary was confined to his hotfiO gain by a recurrence of his old malady, the gout, and did not send word to his lieutenants in the department of state.

But be did manage to g2 mt0 his carriage about 4 o'ciock and drive over to the white house, where he told the president ad that had occurred and discued the future prospects. He staved with the president for an hour and when ho returned to his home he was not accessible. The state department officials did not care to talk about the matter. Mr. Wharton, the first assistant secretary, is confined to liia room by illnexs. Mr. Ade. another assistant secretary, had not been informed of tho event which was the absorbing topic of conversation among people out.-i.re. None of the oilicia!s cared to be quoted in their opinioos. Precedent were to be looked up before they could bo ventured. Still there Mas a general disposition to belittle the matter and, there was no idea that the dogs of war were to be unloosed. Baron Fava ha I not d) uan led his passport as had at first ben related. There were many Pteps in diplomacy, and, though the slight distinctions arid small formalities appeared trivial in the public view, thev were really full of significance to the trained diplomatists. A demand for passports is an extreme measure. It is taken when the war feeling runs high and the minister's person is in danger at the hands of the populace. It is also in a degree suggestive of menace. A recall under the circumstances of this ca?e is a serious matter There could be no attempt to disguise the fact, but it does not signify that mutual explanations and diplomacy cannot restore the old Flatus. Tho ctiarga d'atlaires, Marquis Imrerialo, has been left in charge of the Italian legation, bo that the severance of diplomatic relations cannot be regarded as comrijete. Just what the statu? of this official is cannot be known except through his official nets. It is stated that ho is in charge of "current affairs." If any nerioug significance attaches to the minister's recall, this nvans that the charce id to be limited in his functions to issuing passports, instructing consular officers and other email matters. In this case further correspondence between the governments of the United States and Italy must take place directly between Washington and Rome. But thin view of the case is not generally taken in official quarters, and it is expected that the charge d' affaires will be really in charge of the Itxlinn legation and that when Mr. Blaine wishes to addresa himself to the Italian government his communication will be directed to the Marquis Imperial, who according to notice, u in charge of Italy's interests in the United States. It can be stated ponitively that unless eventg take an ttnforsecn and improbable turn there will be no call issued for an extra set-sion of congress, and one of tho most serious ill-elfects of the incident will he the probable postponement fur an indefinite time of tho president's proposed southern and west-rn trin. Tho view taken by tho administration, as it is understood, is that this government ban done all that could be done in the matter. K ven if it had complete egal jurisdiction in the case, it could only assure the Italian government that it would proeecuto the persons guilty of the attack on the Italians at New Orleans. It could not asure thu Ita'ian government that it would puninli them na Italy desires that would be for grand and petit juries to determine. The Italian government hr.s been told that the president ''deplores the abhorrent occurrence" end that this government lias taken steps to investigate the matter. Part of this invcstigati'n wa3 the ascertainment of the nationality of the Italians who were kliled mid this had not yet been learned. There is no proof whatever before the president or the secretary of state that a single Italian citizen was among tho victims and such proof is an absolutely necessary preliminary to a fair demand for reparation. The'ollicers of the department of justice are still inquiring into this and other branches of the case. It is suspected in administration circles that the recent changes in tho Italian cabinet may have had much to do with the present state of atrairs. Tho Marquis Budini, who has atsumcd tho premiership, is supposed to be open to the influence of popular clamor and to desire to achieve reputation with the masses bv catering to tho demand of a hot-headed element in Italy. At any rate it is felt that the present state of affairs is only temporary, and there is no disposition or intention to take any hasty action on the part of this government. " Certainly Mr. Porter, the U. N. minister to Italy, will not be recalled, and this government will maintain a pacific atfitu :e and abide by tho developments of the future. In other words, as put bv a very distinguished statesman speaking of the subjee ttonight: We will kep our shirt on and trust to tho lapse of a little time to restore (tie old pleasant relations with Itnly. The statement of to-day's event given outtuniht Ly a huh official of the government is as follows: Huron r aa, the Italian minister, notified Secretary Blame today t h it under orders from Home, he was compelled to withdraw from his mission near this government, lis does not close the Italiau legation, but leaves the Marqui Imperial!, tho prevent secretary, to art as charge d' affaires. The act is in no sense one of hostility to this? overnmeut, hut may inJi :uto s certain degree of discontent ou the part of the Italian ministry, Biron Kara has been on diplomatics duty in Washington for the past ten years and his retirement will be iniioli regretted both officially and socially. The highly aensational rumor connected with this retirement are not believed to have any truthful foundation. It is said by a gentleman who bas had larce experience in the diplotnatio affairs of our government that Mr. Porter, tie U. S. minister to Italy, will not neceitkanly retire because of the withdrawal of the Italian minister to this country. Neither wi I the oourse of tho Italian minister necessarily put a stop to communications between the respective governments. The minister baring turned orer the charge of attain to the secretary, correspondence with his. government can be carried on through that oOicer. II i not euitomnrf for governments to aJJrcss each other directly, but always through a minister or some other representative. A declaration of war, the same oflicials said, did not necessarily follow such action tin (hat of the Italiau povernnient. There were many preoedeuu for it, nearly all of which, however, were among the huropeaa nations. Through a teller understanding of the differences that exist, or through the friendly intercession of a third power,' these ditlicultits are often adjusted without recourse to arms. So far a ia recalled, there bare been only a few instances where foreign ministers to the United States have been recalled at the request of our government, or bare been given their passports, two of which instances he recollected. The first of these was that of the French minister. Citizen Genet, who was recalled by the- French government at the request of the United States, because he was personally offensive to this country. The other case occurred at the time of the war of 1812 with Great Britain, when the minister from that country was given his passport. There are no cases recalled where the U. S. minister to foreign countries has been given bis passports. though there may hare been one or more instances of this kind. It is said that there hare been a number of cases where protest hare

been made against U. S. counsuls and eren where the flag si the United States has been hauled down. The prospects of war orer the incident is ridiculed by this gentleman, as also is the prospect of so extra session of congress (crowing out of the same incident. lie suggested that a misunderstanding nay possibly exist as to the real nature of the letter of Gorernor Nioholl to Seoretary Maine's with respect to the killing of the Italians. It is assnmed lhat Baron Fava sent the letter to his government and possibly that government may Interpret it as the sentiment of the federal government in the ease. Nations, he pointed oat, do not go to war ia these time orer small a flair. Late thid afternoon certain erroneous reorts were in circulation respecting aieged outrages on American citizens m Italy. Careful inouirv at the department of state fails to disclose more than two

complaints of this character during the past six months. Moreover, they appear to be devoid of features calculated to give rise to international complications. In one case, an American citizen who was in the habit of crossing the Piedmont boundary line in frequent drive, was euspected of smuggling, and when he refused to allow the Italian customs officers to search his carriage for contraband articles ho was arrested and made bitter complaint of discourtesy. In the other c.rse, an Italian returned from the United States was arrested for alleged brigandage in 18fi. It appears upon consulting the records that ho had been included in an amnesty proclamation, so he was released jutt as our state department discovered that he had been fraudulently naturalized in this country when he had resided here only two years. ltOME, April 1. In ofiicial circles here it is stated that Baron l ava, the Italian minister at Washington, has not cabled anything decisive to his government in regard to his recall. The American minister here, Mr. A. G. Porter, yesterday requested the lta ian government to be patient for a few days, explaining in de'ail the obstacles existing in the United states which are in the way of a speedy settlement of the questions involved by the New Orleans lynching. The rumors circulated in the United States to the effect that a number of Americans aro detained in custody here as hostages for the future treatment of Italians now in the United states aro clashed as poinsonB d'Avril (April fool jokes) of very bad tate. Public opinion here awaits the issue of tho negotiations between the United States and Italy in a most tranquil frame of mind. The tenor of Baron Fava's note to Mr. Blaine is that what Italy asked and still asks is tho federal government's guarantee that regular legal proceedings will be tnken against the culprits in the New Oreans lynching and that tho federal government will admit in principle its obligation to pay an indemnity to the families of the victims. The note adds that Italy cannot and is not called upon to discuss American initiations, but must urge upon the federal

mm, Y l: t4 , 'tmP- AS KING IHMBEnT. government the observation of the principled cf intvrnntionrd law. Italy hopes that the federal government will appreciate the ob.ik'ation incumbent upon it us a government of a civiiized country to accede to Italy's iust demands. If this should not bo the case the king's minister must, by order of his governrm nt, dechire that he (jiiits a post where his legitimate action as the king's representative liai proved inefiicacious It is believed that utiles Da ron Fava receives a favorable reply within a week he will leave Washington for this citv. The Associated Tress correspondent here has perused the dispatches exchanged from the outset between tho government of Italy and the government of the United States in regard to the New Orleans lynching. The substance of them is that Italy asked in the main that a fair legal process should be instituted agranst the culprits, regarding them jih common assassins. Italy likewise asked for an indemnity for the families of the men killed in New Orleans by the mob which invaded the jail there. To these requests the U. authorities at Washington answered that the constitution oi the United States gave but limited powers to the federal government in regard to interference wilh the various states of tho Union, but the U. S. government alliruied its good intentions in tho matter. At this stage of the proceedings liaron Fava, iu one of his letters to tho Italian government, remarks that the above reply shows an evident desiie to gain time, and that it was no rruclical solution of tho question. The answer from Washington being regarded as unsatisfactory. Italy instructed Baron Fava on March 17 to press the two original demands made uton the U. S. government, and in the event of hid tui in.; to obtain satisfaction to leave Washington en conge, alter consigning th legation at Washington to tho care of the lirst secretary. Baron Fava next reported to his government that its instructions had been carried out and he declared that as Washington had not fulfilled its duties as a civil government his presnneo was unnecessary bt Washington. This action upon the part of Baron Fava and his government is not regarded as a diplomatic rupture. Political circles here fully indorse the action of the Italian government. The newspapers of this city pronounce themselves very strongly against tho actions of 1 Fr.EMIEIt 1)1 BUDIKI. the TJ. S. government. Influential Italians adviso the Italian government to send a circular note to tho friendly powers, denouncing tho U. S. government as being confessedly unable to insure justico in the United States and as impotent to fulfill tho duties of a civil government. Other prominent Italians suggest that the Italian government should break olT all negotiations with tho government at Washington and that it should in future, so far as the New Orleans lynching is concerned, deal directly with the etate of Louisiana, and the latter government should be called to account for the killing of the Italian prisoners in the New Orleans jail. The Marquis di Iludini, the Italian premier, arrived here from Florence last night, having been summoned bv telegraph. Tho Italian cabinet will meet today and wilt resolve upon what further steps are to be taken in New Orleans by the covernment of Italy. The preuro brought to bear upon the Marquis di Budini and which compelled hira to act vigorously was fomented by the friends ot Sig Crispi, the late premier of Italy. Especially was this pressure brought to bear by the Sicilians, who more or less were either dreading or were in synipthy with tho Mafia society. Their attitude hasboen stiffened by the'fact that the leading opponents of Sig Crispi and his cabinet openly declared that the lynching of the Italians confined In the jail of New Orleans on the charge of having been implicated in the tnurder of the chief of podce of that city was just, even if it was illegal. One of these opponents 'of th Crispi cabinet is charged with tho authorship of a strong editorial published in tho F an-

fuUa today which argues that the Italian government would do well to suppress . ...... ill: .i .L-

enme in liaiy neiore meuuung witu uia punishment of murderers in New Orleans. This editorial adds that it is a notorious fact that not a day passes without a murder taking place in Italy, the majority of which crimes go unpunished. These critics, however, feel that the weak point of the United States' case is the bribed jurors acquittal of sscasins. "If wo believe the American contention," sail an Ita'ian senator to a Press correspondent, "which, as I personally believe is well founded, that the evidence convicted the men who were acquitted, we are put In this unpleasant position, that Italy cannot condone the lynching without assuming the guilt and venality of the New Orleans court. International comiiv forbids us to assume that Chief of Police Hennessey's murderers were tried by a venal, corrupt tribunal. Such an r.ssumption would be an insult to the United Mates, although Americana are quite liberty to insult their own tribunal. THE OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE. at Huron Frn.'a AVithtlriMfil and Secretary lllnme'a lte.'ly. Washington, D. C, April 1. The following correspondence between Secretary Blaine and Baron Fava ia made public by the department of state tonight: T.-tnslatiop. Royal Lkgatio.v of Italy, 1 Washington, March 31, lsyi. J Mr. Seoretary of State: By my two notes of the 15th and ISth inst, I had the honor to call your excellency's mott serious attention to tho occurrence of exceptional gravity which took place at New Orleans on the 14th iust., whereLy four subjects of the king of Italy, who were confined in the prison of that city, were massacred by the crowd under tho leaderehip ot two American citizens. After hiring formally protested against the unjustifiable conduct of the local authorities, which were evidently recreant to ell duties on that occasion, I reaerved to the eorernment of his majesty the right to demand sucli aatUfaotion as it mi.ht think proper, since the occur reuce in question constituted a patent violation of the r :'ulations of the treaty in force between our I to countries which secures the Italian subjects residing in the United States the same protection that is enjoyed ly American citizens and which lifts always been extended to the Utter iu Italian territory. The r pirut si !emand'l by the government of th k o, as I I ave hmi the honor to inform )o i ia our interviews I eM dur nj the last e v davi, were to conit ol tl elolluwin; p inu: 1. The otl'.o at rsitrat:oe by ile fc lia; t eminent that tie tui.ty partita sliouM be brought to jui i'e. 2. The rec gnition, in prlnc'p'e. that an indemrjiy ia tue to t ie rela'ives oi the victim". Your excj ht:c waj plrteeitn ihon'o o m that. n the federal KOVei n-r.eri t tint ti n tniiik 11 : it couM tekn this v t of the o re, k t'ee ;ne t to tnke tl two i f ;rs t d !en anas into C'H'fi leiatiou. Unlr tins c rcun s m c.-s the ifuT' r iiuont of lus majt-sty. coni.n ratg tt.it the lectin a e action ot th V I i'o n i r at Wa.liiiiiiU.n becomes inefficacious, bus irdereu me to take my leave. In obedience to the instructions which I have received, I have tho honor to announce to your excellency that 1 am going to leave Washington ns speedily as possible, leaving the Marquis Intperali, his majesty's secretary cf lepitioM, in charge of the ourrect bufciuees of the royal legation. He pleased to accept, Mr. Secretary of Slate, the renewed assurance of iny highest consideration. Fava. His 1'xcellency, James G. Blaine, Secretary of State, etc., Washington. Department of State, Washington, D. C, April 1, 1311. f Tho Marquis Imperial!, Charge d'Atlaires, etc: Silt I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a note of yesu-rd:ir'a dnte from I'aron J'ava, who bai left the luiua legation iu your chene. I beg to express the sincere regret with which the Kovernmeut of the United .St.ites receives the intelligence of Baron Fava's speedy departure from this capital. Though he has more than once intimated this purpose, the government of the I'nited .States has been unable to see adequate reasons for such a step. The baron a service lure for the past ten yenn has been distinguished at alt times by the most agreeable relation with the eiecutive nopsrttueut of this government. The regret at h:s leafing is enhanced when, as the president believes, he bas been recalled under a misapprehension of facts by the government of Italy. The eausi of his sundering I. li li ;!) malic relations with this government is thus given in his note: "The reparation demanded by the government of the king, ns I hve had the hom r to inform ynu in our interviews held during the Init few Jays, it ere to consist of the following points: 1. The olhciul assurancu Ly the federal government that the guilty parties should he brought to justice. 2. The recognition, in principle, that an indemnity is due to the relatives of the victims." The first demand thus stated by Baron Fava is slightly changed in phrase Irotn that employed by him in his many verbal requests bted ou a telegram from the Marquis Budini which l.e led with me. The Marquis Kudioi decUred that ''Italy's right to demand and to obtain punishment of the murderers and an indemnity for tiie victims is unquestioned." It is inferred that Huron Fava's change of phrase meant no change of demand. I have eiuleavored to impress upon him In the sev-ral porsomil interviews with which he line honored me, that the government of the United States is utterly unable togivo the assurance which the Mirquis Bud ni has demanded. Kvn if the national government had the entire jurisdiction over theallezed murderers, it could not give assur ance to any foreign power that they should be punished. The prenident is unable to sea how any government could justly give an assurance of this character in advance of trial and a verdict of "guilty." In ihe constitution of the United .States it is declared that "in all criminal prosecution the accused ahr.ll enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein tho crime shall have been committed." It ueeds no argument to prove that a jury coul l not be impartial, if il were iu any sense, or to auy degree, bound before the trial of the aroused, by an assurance which the president of the United States had ventured to give to a foreign power. In the constitution of the state of Louisiana, under. whose immediate jurisdiction the crimes were committed, substantially the same provision ia found, so ttiat the governor of that state would be as unable to give a pledge in ndvance fur tho result of a trial under state law as the president would be, were it practicable to try the leaders of the mob under the laws of the United States. In Karon Fava's aeoond point he demands the recognition, in principle, that an indemnity il duo to tho relatives of the victims. He is assuredly under a grave error when he declares that the U. H. government deoline 1 to takn this dernnml into considers! on, and I shall regret if he hat communicated' uch a conclusion to yur government. The United Mates, so far from refusing, lias distinctly recognized the principle of indemnity to those Italian subjects who 0".ny have been wrorged by a violation of the rights aeeu red to them under the trenty with the United States of Feb. 2G, 1S71. 1 have rej ea edly given to Baron Fava the as nra ice thar, uuuer the direeuou cf the prta dent, all the facts and incideuti connected wiih the unhappy t ajed at New Orleans on the 1Kb of March last b uld be most thorough, ly investigated. I have also informed him that In a muter of inch gravity the government of the United States would not permit itself to be unduly hurried; nor will it make answer to any demand until every fact essential to a correct judfcvr.t shdl hue been lully nsceriait ed through l.gal authority. The impatience of the rg ,'rievd may be natural, but its indulgence does not always secure the most substantial justice. Accept, sir, the assurance of my nigh consideration, e-ivned, James U. Blaine. The fact that Secretary Blaine addressed his last letter on the subject of the New Orleans tragedy to the Marquis Imperiali, charge d'all'aires, is of significance as demonstrating that this povernment does not regard tho rupture of diplomatic relations caused by liaron Fava's recall as complete. Had that viw ,beeu taken, the communication would have been addressed to the Italian government direct or through tho medium of Minister Forter at Rome. 'Uow the ma ter ia viewed by the Italian government will bo disclofeod bv the reply that istnadetotheeecretary's letter. If tho charge d'affaires replies as such, it munt be conetrned as an acknowledgement that the Italian government is

still represented in the United States by j its legation. But if he announces that he is without authority to reply and suggests ; a transmittal of the secretary'! communication to Home, it may be taken as an

evidence that direct diplomatic relations between the two countries are at an end. A careful perusal of the secretary's letter eeenia to warrant the assumption that from the very beginning of the correspondence and negotiations on tho subject treated, the Italian minister assumed an aggressive attitude. The eecretarv eavs i that tho baron "has more than once intimated this purpose" (to depart speedily), which clearlv demonstrates that the min ister had threatened to leave Washington ; early in the negotiations, instead of purpuing the negotiations in the cautious and diplomatic manncrthat might be expected in a case where the facts wero etill I 7 A DAKOX FAVA. officially unknown to the U. S. government, although it bad taken all proper steps to secure a upeedy report from its own otlicers in addition to any statements that miht come from the authorities of Louisiana. The Judicial Investigation. Attorney-General Miller said to a representative of tho Associated Tress this afternoon that thero need be no secret or mystery in regard to the action taken by tho department of justice in the case of the Italians recently killed in the Zs'ew Orleans jail. "Farly last week, almost Immediately after my return from the South," paid Mr. Miller, 'instructions were sent to the U. S. district attorney at New Orleans to make a thorough investigation of the case. He was aked to report in detail the nationality of each of the men killed, and how many, ii any, were Italian subjects unnaturalized; what, if any, their connection with the murder of Henneesy; what evidence there was that any of thein hnd anything to do with the alleged bribery cf lim jury, and, in short, to get all thy fac'.s and report theia to me as soon ns possible. That is the present fit ate of tho ease and I am now awaiting the report." The attorney-general refused to discuss the diplomatic, features of the question, but intimated rather broadly that ho did not regard the i.-si:e as particularly Beriouh. Baron Fava has been tho minister of Italy to thi United 8 ntcs for about ten yenrs.and.by reason of Bf-niority of eervi' c, was the dean of tho diplomatic corps, succeeding Minister I'reston of llayti, who was Miperccded by the llippolyte administration. Previous io his receiving the Washington mission, Baron Fava represented the Italian government at Buer.os Ay res, tiie capital of the Argentine Republic lie was bora in Naples in is:2 and hat In en in diplomatic service a great inanv years, entering the service of the kingdom of Naples when a very yonn, man. He eerved Italy in minor capacities in Switzerland, Holland and Turkey before being sent r.s minister to Argentine. His wifo has not been in this country for some time, but he lias a eon who is nn architect aid civil engineer iu this city, and bay Income a naturalized citizen of the I'nited States. Italy wiil have two ollieial representatives at Wa-hington when Baron Fava departs. The pecrdarv of legation, the Marquis Imperiali, will have charge of ntlairs and will be assisted by Mr. Ueorgo a!V, the legation attache. Both are well known in social c:rc!e here. The martini is an accomplished musician anl played thu liret violin in the orchestra at the fashionable amateur performance of L'Afrieuino iu this citv during the winter. THE SITUATION VERY GRAVE. An Anuftl Collision with Italy not Wholly Improbable. New Yokk, April 1. A Washington special to tho Commercial Adnrtixer pays: ''Tiie situation of nfairs between the United States and Italy ia considered grave. The two nations aro no longer friendly and all diplomatic relations are actually broken olf. Tho situation is one which ia perfectly familiar to persons schooled in diplomacy. Tito stato department is not anxious to creato more excitement than is neeefsmry and oliicials are allowing th8 seekers of information to draw their own inferences from bare facts w hich can't be hidden ; but grave apprehension is felt in the white house and at the Htato department. "When Minitscr Fava's recall was announced to Secretary Blaine, bo considered it a matter of such importance that tho members of the. cabinet were called together at the white house at about 0 o'clock yesterday morning and a long conference was held and tho discussion was carried over until tho regular cabinet meeting at noon. "If l'rime Minister Kudioi is meroly compelled to his course by the pressure of popular Heutimeut and he so conducts himself thereaf:er as to give no further offense to American Citizens or to tho government directly; if he exerts himself to trevent collision and is not overpowered )y an excited feeling in Italy, actual war will not occur; but ifhe acted earnestly and means to attach lull importance to his own action, the matter is very likely to result sooner or later in an armed collision. "Experienced diplomats stato that tho Italian government had made a most astonishing blunde-, from a diplomatic point of view, and has openly insulted the United States by the assumption that the administration or national covernment was not f-incere in its declaration concerning the killing of the Italians at New Orleans. The opinion is expressed that Prime Minister Di Kudinl has been driven to this last action by the taunts of the Crispi faction, who accused the new ministry of want of courage to protect the citizens of Italy." StGNOR D'ARCO EXCITED. He Says the C. S. Constitution Is TJnwortliy n Civilised Government. Rome, April 1. Tho U. S. minister, A. G. Torter, yesterday called to see the Marquis Di Rudini, the Italian premier, who, however, was absent from the city. Mr. Porter, in tho absence of the marquis, saw tho under-secrctary of foreign affairs Signor D'Arco. Mr. Porter's interview with Pignor D'Arco lasted about two hours and durinz the course of the conversation, which was conducted in English, the U. S. minister expressed regret at tho fact that the Italian government had thought fit to recall Baron Fava, and, generally speaking, thought that the U. S. government would not deny any request of tho Italian government if there wan reason and fairness in such demands. Mr. Torter also promised to place before the U. S. government at Washington the substance of the conversation which took place between him

self and Signor D'Arco. Incidentally Mr. Porter also cugaested that the Italian government should wait until tomorrow before taking further action in the hope that a satisfactory answer might be received from Washington. Before Mr. Porter left Signor D'ArcVa office the, latter said: "Suppose a dozen American citizens were murdered in an Italian city and we pleaded impotence io punish tho murderers because the city in w hich the murders occurred enjoyed an autonomous form of government, what opinion would you in tht Tnited States and what opinion would the civilized world ut lare have in regard to our plea?" Mr. Porter thereupon t:iod to make clear to Signor D'Arco the relations of

the government to the individual states, as fixed by the constitution, but Signor D'Arco was not satisfied and replied, w ith come heat : "We ha voi nothing to do with your constitution. If it ia found wanting you must mend it. You know that it is no constitution worthy of a free civilized country if it does not insure punishment for crime and protection for the weak." In conclusion Mr. Porter again proposed to place before the U. S. government the substance of the conversation which bad taken placo between himself aud Sijjor D'Arco. KINO HUMBERT FRIGHTENED. Threats of the Matla Induced Him to Itecall Huron Far, Berlin', April 1. It is reported here that mysterious warnings sent by the Mafia society have been conveyed to Kin Humbert of Italy. In these warnings the Mafia society is said to have demanded protection from King Humbert and the Italian government for Italians resident in foreign countries. It is further believed, Recording to this story, that the recall of Baron Fava, the Italian minister at Washington, was largely owing; to tho fears of the Italian ministers aroused by the Matia threats. PRESS OPINIONS. An Italian Organ Says Come What May, Ity Has Dous Her Duty. New York, March 31. Tho Italian paper II Progretso Halo Americano published in this city, referring to the recall of Minister Fava faya: It is certainly one of the most serions and solemn steps which could bare been taken by the governmeot in tbe present circumstances" against America, which has for io mauy years been a friendly nation. Yet we do not wonder at tbe action, for it ia but the natural eonsequeofi of the opprobrious manner in whih the state of Louisiana answered Secretary Blaine, of the weakness of the supreme federal authority hi the face of the arrogant bearing of Governor Nicholls; of tiie infamous, increditsble impunity ac-or!eJ to the lynchers and the instigators of the IjDohing, following Italy'a demand for satisfaction. The uiastacre of the Italians at New Orleans took place March U; it is now tiie 1st of April, aud surely in sixteen days some thing could bare been dune by tbo federal government, something more serious, more efficacious, a mere act of courtesy to prove and to show that the treaties of friendship and protection between Itaiy and America were uot child's play, and that their so I en n obligations, signed and sworn to upon paper, should be respected and maintained both iu fact and, if occasion require, by force. Decrying and denouncing tho lynching in a verv leiuthv article 11 rnyraso coneludes: "Italy has done its duty and tlie'colony lias cordially approve I and we hope and believe thnt n has measured and weighed all the consequences of the act which, whether we will or not, is en open rupture of the diplomatic relations between Italy and Aineiica and the firt step towards an armed demonstration. Philadelphia, March ul. The Rccotd tomorrow will say editorially: Unless the Italian government have Information not yet in possession of the state authority in Ixuiaiatia. and means of anticipating the notion of the court", the withdrawal of Baron Fava would seem to be a hasty proceeding. The United States will not shirk any due responsibility incurred through the outbreak at New Or.eanR, but the tender of reparation or the reiusal of it will not be hastened an instant by the threatening attitude assumed by Italy should the report of Baron Fava's action prove true. The .Vyrft American will say: A rupture of diplomatic relations by Italy does not indicate anything serious, and it is not at all uulikely that the recall of the baron, who is a survival of the Crispi government, is made to enable Hudint to matinee foreign affairs through men selected by himself. New York, March 31. The Ucrall will say: Viewed from any point the action of the Italian government i as unwarranted as it is hasty and citraordinary. It locks ns if the king or his premier were in a dudgeon, or, ns has been hinted, the move was designed merely for home political buncombe. Dr the United States it is hardly to te regarded as courteous, and might possibly be construed into an all rout. New Youk, March 31. Tho Tinm ssys: The Italians in New OrIe.us were not slaughtered because they were Italians, but because they were, like pirates, enemies of tho human race, whom, through their own eor. ruption, the laws of the country hud failed to punish. Whatever may be the views and whatever the action of the Italian government. Mr. Blaine end the administration may feel ferfeclly well assured that the people of the 'nited States will support them in resisting a claim for damages, and to any extent, New Yokk, April 1. Tho Sun says: Of coarse there is not going to be war. Itnly cannot very well go to war for the purpose of mating the United States alter its constitution. There is no rupture, only a little strain. No citizen of the United Mates is hostile to Italy or Italians. The Mafia is a scounJrei'.y institution. The United States cannot punisi a New Orloans mob any more than it can punish a New Orleans policeman forpriggirg a banaua from a fruit stand. London, March 31. Tho Diihj Xnm i the only paper of this city which contains any comments this morning of the recall of Baron Fava, the Italian minister at "Washinttton. Tiie AVtrn thinks that the authorities of Louisiana cannot brin;,' the lynchers of tho Italian prisoners to trial and that therefore the dead lock between the United States flnd Italy will continue unless the latter country abates its demand f or satisfaction for tho killing of its subjects. IN CHICAGO. Prominent Italians I Not Believe There Will He War. CniCAGO, March 31. Prominent Italians in this city were very incredulous over the first reports from Washington about Baron Fava's recall to Italy. The news came so unexpectedly that the first impression was that it was a canard. Oscar Durante, editor of L' Italia, said: I do not believe that the Italian government bas recalled Baron Fava wit!) any hostile intent nor that any Americans bare been seised as hostages ia Italy. 2tor do I believe that there is any danger of war between Italy and the United States. I think Itily could make it very warm for the United States for a few months, bat the resources of this country are so much greater that the result could only be favorable to the American nation. As to what the Italian citizens here would do incase ot war I cannot say. I am an American citizen; I would not be willing to taka up arms against my native country, nor would 1 light against my adopted one. If Baon Fava is recalled however, and the Italian government - is making demands for more active movement to make reparation for the New Orleans massacre, it is only what might have been expected after the feeble letter o( Governor Nicholls. We have claimed all the time that that unsatisfactory letter would act to cause a demand on the American government for greater haste. Dr. Castillo Yolini said : If there is to be any trouble I must go back to Italy as I still hold my commission in the Italian army. In case of a war I think most of

the Italians would return to Italy. Those who are naturalized will. I believe, be true to their mother country. liowever, I do not expect any war. Lieut. Almagia.of the Italian army, is on the Ftatf of L' J:aUa. Ue expressed the opinion that no trouble would arise between the nations, nor did he believe the hostage story. He is confident that the affair will be settled without any appeal to arms.

NOT A RACE QUESTION. Tho "Tlnies-DemocratV VUwa en Itavlft Act on. New Orleans, March 31. The Time Democrat tomorrow wiil say: That there is no reason for this action goe( without Kayinr. especially here in New Orleans where the full facts of this case are known. Italy and tbe United States are aud should continue to be on tho best of terms. There bas nver been the slightest unpleasantness between the two countries. The American people unanimously sympathized with the movement which reuuited Italy under its present kingdom and have ever unci en tertained the warmest friud?hip for it. To break this friendshp over an affair like that at the parish prison ie incredible. There was no international or diplomatic i.'sue involved. There was no question of any unfriendliness to Italy or to the Italians. Eleven brigands and assassins were executed, of whom nine were American citizens, and two are said to be subjects of the king of Italy. As lus frequently been said, it would not have made the slightest diflerenoe bad these latter been Kuisians, or any a other nationality, for the race question did not enter into the matter in the slightest degree. Tbe people et w Orleans rose to suppress an association of assassins, and it did cot make the slightest dirierence to them to what race or nationality the murderers belonged. As for tbe reported reprisals on Americana traveling Iu Italy, it is ft game whioh both countries can play at and there are twenty Italians in this country for every American in Italy. RELEASED ON BONO. Tbe Remaining Itallaas Imprisoned mt Is'ew Orleans Balled Out, New Orleans, March 31. Shortly after Judjro Baker of eection B cscended tha bench, Mr. Lionel Adams addressed tho court and moved that Salvador Sunxerl, John Caruso, Charles Pietzo, Charles Pa terno and Peter Natali, tho remaining prisoners confined in tho parish prison for complicity in the Hennessy assassination, be released on bond. The district attorney having no objections, Judfe Baker granted ttio motion, and the bail for each, except Natali, was fixed at $-,500. Natal! was released on his own recognizance ot $100 bond. The release of the remaining men today leaves the parish prison free of all but one of those Italians who bad been arrested for tho crime. Immediately after the. motion had been granted, ex-Aldermaa Batorno signed the bonds for bis brother and Caruso. V. Mascari, who resides on Frenchmen and Robin-Ets. and who keeps a vegetable market, signed Punzerie. Natali signed his own bond and Pietzo, who appeared to be friendless, is still ia jail. MR. BAYARD'S VIEWS. He Thlnki It Absurd to Regard tbe Itecall as Evidence of War. Wilmington, Del., March 31. Ex Secretary Bayard tonight said: If Boron Fava bas been recalled Itis probable that be has done something to displease th king and he has simply been relieved. This is indicated by bis leaving a secretary in charge of the legation. Mr. Bayard called attention to the tact that there was nothing in the body of the dispatch that war ranted the assertion that the minister bad demanded his passport. Such a demand would be made to insure bie personal safety in leaving the country. lie said: "There is no necessity for that course and I do not believe be bas made the demand. If there was a real cause for war there would be a greater necessity for the minister remaining in this country and for this reason I think the reasons for Baron Favaa' recall are porsonal ones. It is absurd to re gard the recall of a minister or the suspension of diplomatic relations as an evidence of war." LOOKINQ FOR BLOOD. Tbe Southern Press Assumes a Tery Belli. COM Attttod. Atlanta, Ga., April 1. The Comtitutiorx will say tomorrow: It was Mr. Blaine's dnty to inform the Italian rnin s;er, first, that the Mafia assassins were not exec ned because th-y were Italians but be ttuie they were proisional murderers, and second, that the TJ. S. government has and can havu uo juried cuoa in O vlling the execution rs of the assassins to account. Tbe Italian government ought to be told even now that the D. S. government propane to do nothing ts oauFe it can do tiotliinc: that the Atner.'oaa people strongly sympathize with the spirit and the motive that Je l to the execution of the Mafia assassins; and that the only way for the Italian government to remedy matters is te recall its expatriated assassins wiih its minis ter. Chattanooga, Tenn., April 1. Th Times eays : The people of tbe United States demand at with one voios that the authorities at Wash. ington not only assume bat maintain ft tone of absolute defiance. CirAuixsTos', P. C, April 1. The JWiri and Courier says: Uncle Fain should be on the alert and the government at Washington should not apolo gize too much. We nepreoate bloodshed, but it will never do for the United S ates to take dare or to tack down when Humbert's gun boats appear at the mouth of the Mississippi river. Savannaii, Ga., April 1. Tho Horning Kcut says : Italy shoul 1 be made to understand that the United Staes will not submit to any bn'ldow inc. It "ill do what ia r.gbt so far as it can, but will do it in I s own way. It will not be hurried by threats and blnster. Knoxvilxe, Tenn., April 1. The Journal says : Under ordinary circumstancee the with drawal of the Italian minister from Washing toa might become an incident of grave inter national coneern. bnt at the present time It may be viewed with equanimity. With the republio of France and the czar so openly pre paring for hostilities, Italy will find that bef engagements will keep her busy without tack ling our Uncle bam. THI ARMIES AND NAVIES. Force! TTblch the Two Governments Conlt Put In the Field. In the event of war the people of the United States would be forced to take 4 very lively interest in Italy's army and navy. She had Jan. 1, of first class warships, five iron and seven steel cruiseri carrying 132 guna and having crews apizrczating 5,G5S 'men; three iron, nine steel and one wood warships, of the second class carrying 102 guns and 3,415 men and five iron, twelve steel and two wooden warships of the third class, carrying eighty-nine puna and 1,927 men. or a total of forty-four vessels, carrying 323 guns and 11.000 men. In addition Italy has 116 torpedo vessels, carrying 15S gun?. There were under construction Jan. 1 three first-clas Ironclads, six torpedo rams, one gun beat and seven torpedo cruisers. On the vessels of the first class are twelve guns of 100 tons each, and four of 6ixty-eight tons each probably the largest guns in any naval service. The navy has 831 officers and 20.42U men in active service, and 559 officers and 40,578 men on leave. Opposed to this formidable array the United States has eleven eteel cruisers, two torpedo boats and a dynamito cruiser in commission, three armored battle ships, one first class, five second, three third and one fourth class steel cruisers under construction , and six coast defense vessels. Continued u bl&th