Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 December 1889 — Page 3

THE I NBI ANA J5T ATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1889.

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the cases onsrinaticg in the West and Jiorhwest, and by the sar8triuent use ol uniuial methods "of examination. Only thont who are familiar with the conditions uudei which our agricultural lands have been lottled can appreciate the serious and often hud conse-juenees to the fettler of a policy fiat put his title under suspicion, or dela-3 tho issuance of hi.s patent. "While ctre is taken to prevent ami to expose fraud, it should cot be imputed without rcaso. The manifest purpose of tho homestead and pre-eiiption lawR was to promote the ecttlementof the puUic domain by persons having a bona liie intent to make a home upon tho tract o land. Where this intent is well etstahlihhrd and the requirements of the law have been substantially complied wi'h, the da: rant is entitled to a prompt and friendly consideration of his case. JJut where there is reason to believe that the claimant U the mere acent of another w ho is seeking to evade a law intended to promote small l adings, and to ocure by fraudulent methods lare tracts of timber and other lande, both principal und asent should not only4e thwarted in their fraudulent purpose", but should le made to feel the full penalties of our criminal statutes. The law should bo f0 administered as not to confound these two claes, and to visit penalties only upon the latter. The unsettled tat? of the titles to larpe bodies of lands in the territories of New Mexico and Arizona has greatly retarded the development of those territories. Provision should be made by law for the prompt trial and final adjustment before a judicial tribunal or commission, of all claims based upon Mexican grants. It is not just to an intelligent and enterprisine people that their peace should be disturbed and their prosperity retarded by these old contentions. I express the hope that differences of opinion as to methods may yield to- the urgency of the case. PENSIONS FOR EVERYBODY.

The President Heartily In Kurnrof the D. pendent IVnM. n Hill. The law now provides a pension for every soldier and sailor who was mustered into the service of the United States during the civil war and ia now suUerinj; from wounds or disease having an origin in the Fervice and in the line of duty." Two of the three necessary facts, viz., muster and disability, are usually susceptible of easy proof, but the third origin in tho service is often difficult, and in many deserving cases impossible to establish. That very many of those who endured the hardships of our most bloody and arduous campaigns are now disabled from diseases that had a real but not tract able origin in the service I do not doubt. Ik-sides these there is another class composed of men, many of whom served au enlistment of three full vears, and of re-enlisted veterans who added a fourth year of service, who escaped the casualties of battle and the assaults of disease, who were always ready for any detail, who were in ever- battleline of their command, and were mustered out in sound lit alth, and have, since the close of the war, while lighting with the tame indomitable courage and spirit, the contests of civil life, been overcome by disease or casualty. I am not unaware that the pension roll already involves a very large annual exfenditure. Neither am I deterred by that act from recommending- that eongrei rrant a pension to snrh honorntlv iIAl charged soldiers andfailors of (lie civ war as, having rendered substantial sorvic during the war, are now dependent upon their own labor for a maintenance, and by disease or casualty are incapacitated from earning it. Many of the men who would be included in this form of relief are now dependent upon public aid, and it does not, in my judgment, consist with the national honor that they shall continue to subsist upon the local relief given indiscriminately to paupers, instead of upon the special and generous provision of the nation they served so gallantly and unselfishly. Our ieople wjll, I am sure, very generally approve such legislation; and I am equally sure that the survivors of the Union army and navy will feel a trratetul sense of relief when "this worthy and suffering class of their comrades is fairly cared for. There are some manifest inequalities in the exi-ting law hat should be remedied. To some of these the secretary of the interior has called attention. It is gratifying to be able to state that by the adoption of new and be tter method's in the war department the calls of the pension office for information as to the military and hospital records of pension claimants are now promptly answered and the injurious and vexatious delays that have heretofore occurred are generally avoided. This will greatly facilitate the adjustment of all pending claims. THE NEW STATES. He Doesn't Exp aln li s Hinte in Issuing the Mutuan t Irc aniatlon. The advent of four new states, South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana and Washington, into the Union under the constitution, in the same month, and the admission of their duly chosen representatives to our national congress at the same session, is an event as unexampled as it is interesting. The certification of the votes cast and of the constitutions adopted in each of the states was tiled with me, as required by see. S of the act of Feb. 22, 1S80, by the governors of said territories respectively. Having, after a careful examination, found that the several constitutions and governments were republican in form, and not repugnant to the constitution of the United States, that all the frovisiott&-'f-'he act of congress have en complied with, and that a majority of the votes ca.-t in each of said proposed states was in favor of the adoption of the constitution submitted therein, I did so declare by a separate proclamation as to each; as to North Dakota and South -Dak ota on Saturday, Nov. 2; as to Montana cn Friday, Nov. 8, and as to Washington on Monday, Nov. 11. Each of those states has within it resources the development of which will employ the energies of and yield a comfortable subsistence to a fjreat population. The smallest of these newntate, Washington, stands twelfth, and the largest, Montana, third, among the forty-two it) area. The people of these states are already well trained, intelligent and patriotic American citizens, having common interests and sympathies with those of the older states, and a common purpose to defend the inteprity and uphold tho honor of the nation. PROTECTION FOR RAILROADERS. Corm Sh'nld Or fir" Antom-tle Itrnkra and Couplers F..r Fre ght Ors. The attention of the interstate commerce commission has been called to the urgent need of congressional legislation for the better protection of the lives and limbs of those enpajred in operating the great interfile freight lines of the country and tsfecia ly of the vardmen and brakemen. A etition signed bv nearlv 10,000 railway rakemeji was presented' to the commission, asking that steps initit be taken to brinj about the use of automatic brakes and couplers on freight cars. At a meetinar o? state railroad commissioners and their accredited representatives, held at Washington in March last upon the invitation of the interstate rom-i erce commission, a resolution was unanimously adopted urging the coramis.-ion "to consider what can be done to prevent the loss of life and limb in conplins and uncoupling freight cars and ia handling the brakes of such cars." During the year ending June 30, JHHS, over 2,000 railroad employe were kiiltd ia the service, and more than

2D.000 injured. It is competent, I think, for congress to require uniformity ia the construction of cars used in interstate commerce, and the usoof improved safety appliances upon such trains. Time will bo necessary to make needed changes, but an earnest and intelligent beginning should be ma ie at once. It is a reproach to our civilizalion that any class of American workmen should, in the pursuit of a necessary and useful vocation, be subjected to a peril of life and limb as great as that of a soldier in time of war. Iii U'-partmrnl of Agriculture. The creation of an executive department, to be known as the department of agriculture, bv the act of Feb. !, last, was a wise and "timely response to a requett which had long been respectfully urged by the farmers of the country. But much remains to I e done to perfect the organization of tlie department so that it may fairly realize tho expectations which its creation excited. In this connection attention U called to the suggestions contained in the report of the secretary, which is herewith submitted. Ihe need of a law officer for the department, such as is provided for the other executive departments, is manifest. The failure of the last congress to make the usual provision for tho publication of the annual report should be promptly remedied. The public interest in the rt' port and its value to the farming community I am sure will not be diminished under the new organization of the department. I recommend that the weather service be separated from the war department and established as a bureau in the department of agriculture. This will involve an entire reorganization both of the weather bureau and of the signal corps, making of the first a purely civil organization and of the other a purely military stall corps. The report of tho chief signal oiHcer shows that the work of tho corps on its military sido has been deteriorating. District of Columbia. The interests of the people of the Ditriet of Columbia should not be lost sight of in the pressure for consideration of measures affecting the whole country. Having no legislature of its own, either municipal or general, its people must look to congress for the regulation of all those concessions that in the states are the subject of local settlement. The whole jhople have an interest that the national capital should be made attractive and beautiful, and above all that its repute for social order should be well maintained. The laws regulating the sale of intoxicating drinks in the district should be revised with a view to bringing the traffic under stringent limitations and control. In execution of the power conferred upon me by the act making Appropriations for the expenses of the District of Columbia for the year ending June .'JO, lSs., I did, on the "l7th day of August last, appoint Rudolph Hering of New York. Samuel M. Gray of Iihode Island, and Frederick S. Stearns of Massachusetts, three eminent sanitary engineers, to examine and report upon the system of sowera ere existing in the District of Columbia. Their report, which is not yet completed, wid bo in due course submitted to congress. The report of the commissioner of the district is herewith transmitted. The attention of congress is called to suggestions contained therein. Hie Wor !' F r. The proposition to observe the four hundredth anniversary of the diseoverv of America by the opening of a World's fair or expo.-ition in some of our great cities will be presented lor the consideraton of congress. The value and interest of such an exposition may well claim the promotion of the general government. C1V1. SERVICE.

Sir. Harrison Facetiously Ilrmarki Tliat He FnTom the Law. On the 4th of March last the civil service commission had but a single member. The vacancies were tilled on the 7th day of May, and since then the commissioners have been industriously, though with an inadequate force, engaged in executing the law. They were assured by me that a cordial support would be given the faithful and impartial enforcement of the statute and rules and regu-ations adopted in aid of it. Heretofore the book of eligibles has been closed to every one except as certifications were made upon the requisition of the appointing officers. This secrecy was the source of much suspicion and of many charges of favoritism in the administration of the iaw. What is secret is always suspected; what is open can be judged. The commission, with the full approval of all its members, has now opened the list of eligibles to the public. The eligible lists for the classified postoftices and custom houses are now publicly posted in the respective offices, as are also the certifications for appointments. The purpose cf the civil service law was absolutely to exclude any other consideration in "con-nr-ction with appointments under it than that of merit as tested by the examinations. The business proceeds upon the theorv that both the examining boards an J the appointing officers are absolutely igr.orant as to the political views and associations of all persons on the civil service lists. It is not too much to say, however, that some recent congressiona1 invesMgations have somewhat shaken public confidence in the impartiality of the selections for appointments. The reform of the civil service will make no safe or satisfactory advance until the present law and its administration are established iu the confidence of the people. It will be my pleasure, as it is my duty, to see that the law is executed with firmness and impartiality. If some of its provisions have been fraudulently evaded by appointing otlicers, our resentment should not suggest the repeal of the law, but reform in its administration. We should have one view of the matter, and hold it with a sincerity that is not affected by the consideration that the party to which we belong is for the time in power. My predecessor on the 4th day of January, lh.sO, by an executive order to take effect March 15, brought the railway mail service under the operation of the civil service law. Provision was made that the order should take eirect sooner in any state where an eligible list was sooner obtained. On the 11th day of March, Mr. Lyman, tTien the only member of the commission, reported to me in writing that it would not be iKs8ille to have the list of eliribles ready before .May 1. and requested that the taking effect of the order be potttponed until that time, which was done, subject to the same Provision contained in the original order as to states in whicl an eligible list was sooner obtained. As a result of the revision of the rules of the new classification, and of the inclusion of the railway mail service, the vorlt of the commission has teen trreatly increased, and the present clerical forc e is found to be inadequate. I recommend that the additional clerks asked by the jommission be appropriated for. The duty of appointment is devolved by the constitution or by the law, and the appointing otfirers are properly held to a high responsibility in its exercise. The jrroHth of the country, and the consequent increase of the civil list have magnified this function of the executive disi'Ortionally. It cannot be denied, however, that the labor connected with this necessary work is increased, often to the point of actual distress, by the sudden and excessive demands that are made upon an incoming administration for removals and appointments. JJut, on th" other hand, it is not true that incumbency Ls a conclusive argument for a continuance in office. Impartiality, moderation, fidelity to public duty,

and a good attainment in the discharge of it must bo added before the argument is complete. When those holding an administrative office so conduct themselves as to convince just political opponents that no party consideration or bias affects in any way "tho discharge of their public duties, can more easily stay the demand tor removals. 1 am satisfied that both in and out of the classified service great benefit would accrue from the adoption of some system by which tho otlicer would receive the distinction and benefit that in alf private employments comes from exceptional faithfulness and efficiency in the performance of duty. I have suggested to the heads of the executive departments that they consider whether a record might not be kept in each bureau of all those elements that are covered by the terms "faithfulness" and "elliciency," and a rating made showing the relative merits of the clerks of each class, this rating to be regarded as a test of merit in making promotions. I have also suggested to the postmaster-general that be adopt some plan by which lie can, upon the basis of the reports to the department and of frequent inspections, indicate the relative merit of postmasters of each class. They will be appropriately indicated in the official register and in the report of tho department. That a great stimulus would thus be given to tho whole service I do not doubt, and such a record would be tho best defense against inconsiderate removals from office. Fi vor the IJlalr It II. The interest of the general government in the education of the people found an early expression not only iu the thoughtful and sometimes warning utterances of our ablest statesmen, but in liberal appropriations from the common resource for the support of education in the new states. No one will deny that it is of the gravest national concern that those who hold the ultimate control of all public affairs should have the necessary intelligence wisely to direct and determine them. National aid to education his heretofore taken tho form of land grants, and in that form the constitutional power of congress to promote the education of the people is not seriously questioned. I do not think it can be, successfully questioned when tho form is changed to that of direct grant of money from the public treasury.: Such aid should be, as it always has been, suggested by some exceptional conditions. The sudden emancipation of the slaves of the South, the bestowal of the suffrage which soon followed, ami the impairment of the ability of the states where these new citizens were chiefly found to adequately provide educational facilities, presented not only exceptional, but unexampled conditions. That the situation has been much ameliorated there is no doubt. The ability and interest of tho states have happily increased, but a great work remains to be done, and I think the general government should lend its aid. As the suggestion of a national grant in aid of education grows chicly out of the condition and needs of the ennnci1ated slave and his descendants, the reief should, as far as possible, while necessari y proceeding upon some general lines, bo applied to the need that suggested it. It is essential, if much good is to be accomplished, that the sympathy and active interest of the people of the states should be enlisted, and that the methods adopted should be such as to stimulate and not to supplant local taxation for school purposes. As one congress can not bind a succeeding one in such a case, and as the effort must be in some degree experimental, I recommend that any appropriation made for this purpose be so limited in annual amount ami as to time over which it is to extend that it will, on the one hand, give the local school authorities opportunity to make the best use of the first year's allowance, and on the other deliver them from the temptation to unduly postpone the assumption of the whole burden themselves.

A FEDERAL ELECTION LAW. The President Wa ts to Itun Th!n;s His Own W y t-i the South. Tho colored people did not intrude themselves upon us; they were brought here in chains and held in the communities where they are now chiefly found, by a cruel slave code. Happily for both races they are now free. They have, from a standpoint of ignorance and poverty which was our shame, not theirs, made remarkable advances in education and in the acquisition of property. They have as a people shown themselves to be friendly and faithful toward the white race, under temptations of tremendous strength. They have their representatives in the national cemeteries where a grateful government has gathered the ashes of those who died in its defense. They have furnished to our regular army regbi.ents that have won high praise from their commanding officers for courage and soldierly qua ities, and for fidelity to the enlistment oath. In civil life they are now the toilers of their communities, making their full contribution to the widening streams of prosperity which these communities are receiving. Their sudden withdrawal would stop production and briny; disorder into the household as well as the shop. Generally they do not desire to quit their homes, and their employers resent the interference the emigration agents who seek to stimulate such a desire. IJut notwithstanding all thjp, in many parts of our country where the colored population is large, the people of that race are, by various devices, deprived of any effective exercise of their political rights and of many of their civil rights. The wrong does not expend itself upon those whose vote are suppressed. Every constituency in the Union is wronged. It has been the hope of every patriot that a sense of justice and of respect for the law would work a gradual cure Of these flagrant evils. Surely no one supposes that the present can be adopted as a permanent condition. If it is said that these committees must work out this problem for themselves, we hs ve a right to ask whether they are at work upon it. Do they sufrirest any solution? When and under what condition is the black man to have a free ballot? When is he in fact to have those full civil rights which have so long been his in law ? When is that equality of influence which our form of government has in'ended to secure the electors to be restored? This generation should courageously face these grave questions, and not leave them as a heritage of woe to the next. The consultation should proceed with candor, calmnewj ami great patience; upon lines of justice and humanity, not of prejudice and cruelty. IVo question in our country ran be at rest except upon the firm base of justice and of the law. I earnestly invoke tho attention of conCTess to the consideration of euch measures within its well defined constitutional powers as will secure to all our people a free exercise of the right of suffrage and every other civil right under the constitution and laws of the United States. No evil, however deplorable, can justify the assumption, either on the part of the executive or of congress, of powers not granted; but both will bo highly blamable if all the powers granted are not wisely but firmly used to correct these evils. The power to take the whole direction and control of the election of the members of the house of representatives is clearly given to the general government. A partial and qualified supervision of these elections is now provided for by law and in my opinion this law may be so strengthened and extended as to secure on the whole better results than can be attained by a law taking all the processes of such election into federal control. The colored man should be protected ia all of t is rela

tions to the federal government, whether as litigant, juror, or witness in our courts, as an elector for members of congress or as a peaceful traveler on our interstate railways. STEAMSHIP SUBSIDIES,

Instead oMTIae Lnwi lie Would OlTe Bonn, ties to v. enimthip I.Ines. Thcro is nothing more justly humiliating to the national pride and nothing more hurtful to the national prosperity than tho inferiority of our merchant marine as compared with that of other nations whoso freneral resources, wealth and scacoast ines do not suggest a:iy reason for their supremacy on tho sea. It was not always so, ami our people are agreed, I think, that it shall not continue to bo so. It is not possible, in this communication, to discuss the causes of the decay of our shipping interests or tho differing methods by which it is proposed to restore them." The statement of a few well-authenticated facts and some general suggestions us to the legislation is all that is practicable. That the great steamship lines sailing under the Hags of England, France, Germany, Spain aud Italy, and engaged in foreign commerce, were promoted, and have since been and now are liberally aide!, by grants of public money, in one form or another, is generally known. That tho American line of steamships has been abandoned by us to an unequal contest with tho aided lines of other nations until they have been withdiawn, or in the few cases w hero they are still maintained are subject to serious disadvantages, is a matter of common knowledge. The present situntion is such that travelers and merchandise find Liverpool often a necessary intermediate port between New York and some of the South American capitals. The fact that some of the delegates from South American 6tates to the conference of American nations, now in session at Washington, reached our shores by reversing that line of travel, is very conclusive of the need of such a conference, and very suggestive as to the first and most necessary step in the direction of fuller and more beneficial intercourse with nations that are now our neighbors upon the lines of latitude, but not upon the lines of established commercial intercourse. I recommend that such appropriations bo made for ocean mails service, in American steamships, between our ports and those of Central and South America, China, Japan, and the other islands in both of tho great oceans, as will be liberally remunerative for the service rendered, and as will encourage the establishment and, in some fair degree, equalize the chances of American steamship linos in the competition which they must meet. That the American stnes lying south of us wid cordially co-operate in establishing and maintaining such lines of steamships to their principal ports, I do not doubt. We should also make provision for a naval reserve to consist of such merchant ships, of American construction and of specified tonnage and speed, as th owners will consent to place at the use of the frovernment, in case of need, as armed cruisers. England has adopted this policy, and as a result can now, upon necessity, at once place upon her naval list some bt the fastest steamships in the wor'd. A proper supervision of construction of such vessels would make their conversion into elective 6hips of war very easy. I am an advocate of economy in our national expenditures, but it is a misuse of terms to make this word describe a policy that withholds an expenditure for the purpose of extending our foreign commerce. The enlargement and improvement of our merchant marine, the development of a sufficient body of trained American seamen, the promotion of rapid and regular mail communication between the ports of other countries and our own, and the adoption of large and suft American merchants steamships to naval use in time of war, are public purposes of the highest concern. The enlarged participation of our people in the carrying trade, the new and increased markets that will be opened for the products of our farms and factories and the fuller and letteremp oyment of our mechanics, which will result from a liberal promotion of our foreign commerce, insure the widest possible diffusion of benefit to all the states and to all our people. Everything is most propitious for the present inauguration of a liberal and progressive policy upon this subject, and we should enter upon it with promptness and decision. The legislation which I have suggested, it is sincerely believed, will promote the peacrt and honor of our country and the prosperity and security of the peop!e. I invoke the diligent ard serious attention of congress to the consideration of these and such other measures as may be presented, having the same great end in view. Benjamin Harrison. Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C, Dec. 3, 1SS9. DISGUSTED REPUBLICAN SOLDIERS. R-'at nj IIw Sever 1 V'eran We-e Each red Out of the XY nnraae Pos'offlcn. To THE Epito r Siri Some of the G. A. It. boys of Pulaski county, Indiana, as well as in other parts of the 6tate, who have, up to the present time, been ardent supporters of republicanism, have at last joined their dem ocratio brethren in a knowledge of the fact that the jrreat love, respect and tender recollections for the Union soldier, so pntheiieally expressed by the republican campaigner on the eve of each election is only republican clap-trap. The tactics of Congressman Owen and President Harrison in providing for the editor of the Winamac Iiejiub'iean at the eipense of a Union soldier, prior to the appointment of a republican postmaster for the town of Winamac, has clearly convinced them that the cream must go to the politician, while "fckim-milk" is good enough for the soldier. When news reached the quiet little Tillage of Winamac announcing the election of President Harrison, several old soldiers as well as the republican editor resolved to capture the postmasterhhip. The ward hustlers took the matter in hand, organized a self-constituted committee who waited on Congressman Owen and informed him what was eipccted. Editor Atchison, a carpet-bagger. and a younir man of no great ability, ws chosen by this committee as the proner person for the position and so recommended by Mr. Owen, but the president refused to make the appoiutraent, informing the congressman that too many old soldiers had already been neglected in the Tenth congressional district. However, he was told that any compromise which might be reached whereby Editor Atchison could receive a portion of the salary from any of the soldier candidates, the appointment would be made in harmony with the compromise. Mr. Owen so informed the committee, who made the proposition to each of the soldier candidates for the position that if he would pay Atchison f-'OO per year ot t of the salary, that his appointment would be made forthwith. K. JS. Hughes, Cieome Douelass and Johnny James, all honest and highly respected citizens, were the soldier candidates, but they concluded that they would take the "entire swine" or none. Another soldier was then approached, who accepted the terras made by the committee, and he being the highest and brat bidder, at the recommendation of Congressman Owen and by order of Chief Harrison, the postotlice Mas "knocked off" to him, and to-day Solomon Conn, a noble soldier, a pood citizen and a good postmaster, together with the soldier boys who were promised and eipected no much at the hands of a republican administration, are suckinijAway at the 6tone, while the carpet-bag editor, who dofs not know gunpowder from trron nd pepper, is enjoying the flesh of the plum. I'ULASKL Winamac. Nov. 2S. Th Cluciiina 1 ) to,u. l iuton Call. The decision of Judge Ward will tickle the fancy of , Van Antwerp, I5racf & Co., as well as the mercenary press who have prostituted their columns by betraying the people'e interest. I'.ut no decision of any court will ever help the Cincinnati octopus in Indiana.: Their conduct has fastened upon them an odium that will be M lasting, as it has been shataef Id.'

SECY. K0BLE HAS VIEWS

ABOUT PUBLIC LAND3 AND PENSIONS. II Vlfforons'y Scores Tanner on th Iterating Matter No Keeoiimir uriutlon liegarrilng I'arlflc Itoad.t He Tells About the Wor k of the Navy. Washington, Dec. 1. The report of the secretary of the interior is a voluminous document. He begins by commenting on the settlement of Oklahoma. He eays many illegal entrios lmve been ninde, and recommends that congress immediately establish a territorial government, and the withdrawal of the militdry ' at the earliest possible moment. The secretary refers to the opening of the Sioux reservation, and thinks that the troubles experienced in Oklahoma will not be duplicated here, for the Dakota laws will govern, lie recommends an early proclamation opening th reservation, as planting begins there iu February. Secy. Noble reviews the work of the Cherokee oommifsioii thus far, and refers bitterly to the conduct of the cattle barons in tryiug to lease the Strip from the Indian. He Rays the government should not compel tho Cherokees to sell the Strip to it, but should enact laws preventing the interference of interested and selfish whites in matters between the government and the Indians. The secretary rVjoices that the appointment of census clerks does not come under the civil service regulations. The eleventh census will be more statistical and less scientific than previous ones. lie recommendi a permanent census bureau. Secy. Noble begins his reference to the land office with a wholesale tirade against the administration of Commissioner Sparks, declaring that the bitter's suspension of patents to large sections of land in the West was wholly uncalled for and a gratuitous insult as well as a grievous wrong to honest settlers. The snuual rejort made ly form, commissioners sh tvr tin; total numli r of patent isn 1 tor nricultural land during ftis years name!, as lollows: Fin al yenr ending Jon 3 i, l-t; 1!).-. Fiscal year eiidini; Juno H'l, 11 24 5Ö8 Fiscal year m ling J mm 3, lSS 4 7, 1. -Mi Total for throe yrs 01.62 Averarfiug 30,511 per year, or an average of U.M,) per inonii'. Tbe Intal nntnlipr of RiTriu'taral patents for the fiscal year ending Jun 3 lvj is 7C,111. During tliö ßrnt t'.evcn month of that year, under the :orui- ! er methods of work, there were issued of sat . totsl 5 t.f.IS i atciiiM, lici.'u a monthly av rige of l.Si, w hile durinz the inoutU of J uuu ot naid year, undnr the new methods, there were ixsucd 1 ';,. .'3 iiatents, a most gratifying inert e over the former maiMigeinept. To .-till timber illustrate tho mcceb-dnl woi k.nes of the office under ire-ut liiiinatreinent it may I proper to aUie that notwithstanding the reduction of cler:cl forco during the months of July aud August of thpresent year, ty leaves of absi-ncH to which the elerks are entitled, s ckn-'ss and other causes usually occurring and unavoidable in these months of tho year, iijjrii-uhural jiaitnts were iueJ as follows: "July, 7,4i:t; Aueust, f.lS'). Ad ling to those the issue of .1 une lit, as above piven, lii,5J t, we have the totil for three mouths of 33,4-G, or an average of 11.1 Vi i er moth. he net oi the land office ia sendt out thesr- land pntents lias not only tuen one of justice, but it has b en rcs;onled to by a greatly im-reised confidence on the art ot tl.c people In the riupalhy of the povi rnmi nl lor Ilo in in their pioneer lives and in its disposition t-i protect theiu in their homes aud propertv. It is not to be understood from the expressions herein made that Hut- is any disnosition to relax the examin aiioti of el.iims to laud to au extent that will permit iraud to grow or ill"kral claims to be stahlnthe . Cn the contrarv, greater viuanc- has h-en exacted in these par;ie tiiars; but that vigilance is directed lo th" Taininalion of r. cords aud evidence in each individual claim, nod is not exhibited in wholesale Misp-eio i and p-T-eral BU-pensinn. A ereat many claims deemed itleual are, now under invtMigitioii, anl many causes now pending for fraudulent infra"tions of the laws will bo p'os -cuto 1. The most notorious of such fraudulent claims are traced to eorporauons seeking to obtain the public domain for corporate purjioi-s through preteudvd seltietiit-nls of individuals. Th.-w matters are uoderpoi jr n strict investigation and will lie decided as the law requires, without teaar 1 to the results that may fall upon those whj think that because they itm-st great nums of money in some particular fiiterprise which at ils beginning i- ilk-a., they should bo protected later o i oei.au. . of the ruin that would f l'ow from a decision against thum. This must be their own concern. '1 lie purpose i the government is to licstow the lands for homesteads according to individual or corporate desires. i-atents i?sued. Acre. Agricultural patents, 70,141, covering. 11,71,110.07 Mineral patents, 1)1 '. Coal pate ts, 153, covering U.OM.SO ilailrotfd lauds, covering 4i"i,ot5.iri fswamp lands, covering 2"y,7l.45 Siate 'elections under educational Krant-i, covering lo2,!V5fl.61 Indian and miscellaneous patents l,V,3.o.-2i Total . 12,7S4,T15.1ö There can be found In thfl commissioner's report tables avd;niiit( these diilereut selections to the proper states aud territork-s in which they are situated. The Pnal entries made during tho year covered 9,tss,5JZ, 13 acres: the original entries. 8,!;tf,ln.4J acres, and the railroad and o:h-r s.-lections, 4,M4,57'J. IU acres. The total amount of csh sales mounted to f8,371,41o. 4U. The number of filial entr es disposed of during the year reached So.'h.O. There reunified pending in the ofi'ice on th- "Oth of Junn, ISH'j, IjiO.üIä final entries of all clasps; of orig nal entries of all classes then pendins H5 .,:'i4. Hail road selections undisposed of, 2it.44!,2.M.GI acres (an increase over the amount pending at the lecinninij of the year of 4.ul4,"-.U acres). This does not include 3 4,J'Ji.67 acres of On-con w ieon-road selections, fwatnp selections of the vrious states coverii g over 2,ow,0 o acres were pend.uz. and educationnl and inter- al-improvement selections, covering l,t7S.47i8s acres The cash receipt for the year, from all sources, were tiHS.tKu.ri-l, a decrease as compared with the previous year of S3.S'd.-;J'.0s. This decrease the commissioner explains, was due mainly to the falling ort in cash entries. IrrieRtiou calls for a good share of the secretary's attention. After reviewin? the work of iovestiiratiou so far conducted, he concludes with the follifwintr recommendation: Tiie preswnt statuta should b Supplemente I by some pcueral Isw, with such other pruvisio-.a as will meet the dnlen nt ditliciiitiea apt to arise from auy national sv tmof irrigation intended. The cencr.d subject ot irrigation will no doubt be fully discussed by the director of the geological survey in his special report required by law to be presented by him to congress. lut I d--cin it my duty to recommend that the attention of congress be invited to the necessity oi determining at tha present session whether it will establish permanently the reservation of all the irritable a.-id region; and, if so, what general laws it may deem best adapted to regulate the supply and use of water under government control. Action, It is recommended, 'should betaken without delay ; and the system, if prosecuted by the national (tovernment should be based on comprehensive, liberal, and practica provisions. Many of the bis? Arizona and New Mexico private land claims are still pending and legislation upon the subject is absolutely necessary in order that the treaty obligations of the government may be carried out and the public domain protected from inroads upon it, that are constantly being; attempted by the presentation of fraudulent claims. In this legislation two prominent features should he observed: (l)The importance of terminating this class of claims; and (2) of providing a board or commission for their adjudication such as shall insure a f ml and thorough investigation. These grants are based on very ancient transactions, and the interests of the government as well as of bona fide claimants require that there shall be some conclusion to their litigation. It is becoming more difficult yearly for bona fide claimants to make such proof as should be required in support of their claims, and also more difficult for the government to produce evidence showing the fraudulent nature of those which are baseless or ex gvrerated. Provision should be made to bring parties and witnesses before the tribunal intrusted with the decision of these important questions; for, in ex parte proceedings manufactured or crossly exaggerated claims can be easily supported by perjured testimony. (mi the subject of railroad land grants, the secretary says: If congress intends to forfeit the lands, all the facts are before it. The failure to act may be well taken as an indication ou the part of the governin "ot that the forfeiture will not be ins.ielupon. euch would be a just conclusion on the part of the oiLcrrs of this 'department, and thesa patents may b Issued upon the presumption that con stress does' not intend that the forfeiture shall be exacted, and that there is no need of further delay. There should certainly be found pomewheie the moral Cournire to give thn evidence of title to mo railroads us it is given to the Individual, if it is intended thaUnr possible forfeiture will not le lnaiste 1 t-pon. The obligation, however, fal-dv rets upon congress, and it is hoped that ths latter will ass n no it ami act without lurthcr delay. Not only the railroad com pant g are intere-te 1 in the decision of these maatters, but also the government, in order that its business may bo disposed of; the cit'rens, who have purchased from the company relying upon the graut, and the settlers, who. In anticipation of the restoration of these lan 1s to tho public domain, have settled upon thera under the homestead or other laws. 1 approve the recommendation of the commissioner that the Fifty-first congress should givo some expression of legislative opinion, by joint resolution or otherwise, as to whether or not action sbou'd bo taken In the land office on selec loni now pend'ng. As to such uortions of land aranu u are coteriuia

ous with those portions of roads still uncompleted. It is estimated that 6,0) ,'sK) sires tuiht bo n stored to the pub.ie domain by the Immediate declaration ot such lorfeitura. Many illegal attempts are being made to gobble up coal lands, and limber depredation continue. A commission is suggested to detise means lor preventing forest hrcs. A nrvey of No Man's Land aud its opening to Settlement is favored. Last year 42,047 applications for ratents on Inventions were li ed and HJ.Ml granted; ruce pts, J1,1S?.M7.22; expenses j'.'.f.,f.j7.2-L A revision of patent laws and bciur pay for patent-oflioe clerks are urged. The total value of mine products last year was ?:Vu,24..4'i.', of which fl07,(KJ0,Ui0 was in pig Iron. Lust year $.),:&!. u7"..".S was expended for cure of the Indians, of whom there are 2.V,U(X, controlling 116.ti.7U0o acres of land. The public school system should be extended to them. Indians claim that under the allotment ot lands in severalty their wives are deprived of their just rortion of tribal property. The L y. court for ndian territory is a success. On the subject of pensions the secretary treats at length. lie recommends an Appropriation for the next fiscal year of $:7,2U, 2Ö2 $17,000.(100 greater than for the protiit yeur. He adds: It is recommended that pension be granted ti every solder aud sailor who did su'.'itatitial service during the war In the army or navy and was honorably dichargd therefrom, and w ho being dejiendent on his labor lor bl(supiHrt is now, or may herealier be, disabled txoiu procuring his subsistence by such labor. Corporal Tanner's scheme of reratines is taken up and iiberally berated. The secretary says: Mxn after ths commencement of your administration there sprung up ia the bur-au cf pensions practices in rt grd to the renting oi pensioners that re-j quired the intervention ol the iecritiry. This practice was suggested by the acta of tho previous commissioner. It was found that numbers ol those who had tteen receiving pensions, many of whoin were employes in the pension bureau, had bad their p nsious not ou'.y increased (some upon application ther for and soin- without such application), but the increase bad been ord red t take eilecl long anterior to the sppl cation; and, on the orders of the commissioner, lare sums Oi money bad been paid to these persons. Many of the c:ies bad also tn-cn made "-p-cial," that i-, preferred in time of bearing, and n t a lew called "IS-hour cases'' bad been burned through au examination and the peusl ju increased within two diys Tho intention it correct all of these evils for the future under the present commissioner of pensions, and so :ar as the iaw will allow t exact u return of the money which has been found wüs ilh--gally paid. I his will prove a tedious a. id somewhat oiilk-uit undertaking, it it in view of the enonuoui sums of money that might have been expended had not tills evil been corrected at too time it wa, the governmuut may bo well satisfied, I th.nk, even if it should have to lose a lare portion oi that already pld out. Tue report of the commissioner for the !at fiscal year shows that thero were on tho ro: on the ö't h oi June, 1SSU, rf-n.one-s, classi:ied as lollows: 351, -IM army invidil-; 97.VJJ army widows, minor children a id dependent relatives; 4,M7 navy luva.ids; 2,li navy widors, minor children and dependent relatives; tii'3 survivors of tho war of lsl.'; y.'Jiil widows of those who served in that ir; lT.uitß survivors of tho war with Mexico, an 1 6, 0 widows of those who sorted iu that war. 1'lie uames of IXfi'lX pensioners were ad lei to the n.il and the names of 1,7.31 pensioners dropped from tho roll were restored, ruak.ug an aegr. aie of 5;i,fi73 pensioners add d to tho rod during the year. Ihe names of lti,.V 7 pensi iners were dropped ior various causes, leav.Djj the net increase for the year 37,lt;-. The average annual n oe oi each pension al the close of the year was J131.1. an increase for the year of tö.78 in the average amount ol each pension. The aggregate annual value of all pensions al the cl se of the year was tr,4,2(;,662.3ü, an iucrcaso for the year of c7.)ö.i,.'CI.44. The amount paid for pensions durin? thü year wa 8 ss, 275.11:1 an incr- a-e of :9.4'j.i,J."l.: 6 overthe amount paid in the previous year. The toiul mn-uiii disbursed by the a;;ents for all purp is -s was J'J,l:tl.'t4l At tho clog-of the ncai year thru was due t, pensi ners a lirst payments of pension o i certilicu es which had beu issued the sum of 5"ie'-7 '.el. The whole number of claims presented durin? tho year was 2U .4 I, of which 81 witj for original pension, and lo-'l.lCO for in r. ase of peush'ii. The numb r of claims .or original pension allowed w.i l.li.'l : the number rejected was 13,147. ihe number of claims for increase allowed was 12J.WJ1; the nurub r rejected was 3,(57. The secretary recommends that the pension laws be amended so that parents m:iy draw pension for the death of a sou, though not dependent upon hini at the time of his death; that naval service, alter previous service for the Confederates, shall entitle to pension; that disability requiring the attention of a body servant shall entitle to the full pension, whether such disability was present Juue 17, 1S7S, or not; that the amount granted to a widow for each child be increased; that when a widow remarries pension shall at once vest in minor children; that no pension be granted to a dishonorably discharged soldier; that no "special" cases be tolerated except where there is utter destitution or imminent death. Ou the subject of the i'acitic railroads, the secretary makes no recommendation, further than that the diflerences between the Union 1'acifie and the treasury department be adjusted and an accurate statement of the company's indebtedness made. lie strongly hints, however, at an extension of the time lor payment. THE NAVY.

Secy. Trsry Wants Kneonrajrement to Private Miip. arils. Washington, Dec. 1. The secretary of the navy in Iiis report follows bis predecessors with the primary recommendation of increaine the navy. The increase iu the navy has been in the direction of unarmored vessels, the cruisers which deter commercial states from aggressions, but do not constitute a fighting, force. The elective force of the navy composes eleveu armored vessels and thirty-one unarmored vessels, making a total of forty-two. This force falls far below that of any principal European nation. "We collect," says the becretary, "in duties iu six months at a siuie port a greater sum than we could expend in budding a new navy in 6ix years. The construction of war bhips takes a long; time. It would be a mechanical impossibility for the country with its present appliances to furnish the number needed within fifteen yearE." The trips of the eiht new cruisers have proven satisfactory to the present admistration. An immediate creation of two fleets of battleships, of which eight should be assigned to the Pacific, and twelve to the Atlantic aud the Gu if, is needed. "In addition to the battle ßhips," he goes on, "the situation of the country requires at least twenty vessels for coast and harbor defenses. It is therefore recommended that the construction of eijtht armored vessels be authorized at the coming session, and that they be of the types of battle-ships rather that coast defense shn." The advantage of steamships as auxiliaries is dwelt upon at some length. Tho ijnited Mates has only one torpedo boat in sight and that is being constructed. Five new boats of this type are recommended. Three new battleships and eight coast defense ships are under way. The dynamite gun boat Vesuvius has been com oleted, but not yet accepted. Attention is called to the personnel of the navy, which at the present time is composed largely of foreigners. These men are held by their contracts of enlistment merely. Changes in the early training of boys at the school-ship are suggested. No alien should be accepted, for continuous service. The creat ion of a naval reserve is urged. It is recommended ihat the government place worn-out ships at the disposal of the coast 6tates for gunnery training. Private ship-yard enterprises should be encouraged. The present administration is handicapped by the tumble-down conditio, of navy yard property. It was recommended that cruisers be named after cities, armored coast defenders after important events or names connected with the history of the United States, and unarmored ships after the rivers in the country. A deficiency of over $100,000 is reported in the bureau of equipment and also in the appropriation for the pay of the navy. The estimates for the ensuing year in the various bureaus ie placeJ at i2S.5D0.K170. The apTro printion for the fiscal year ending June 30. 188y, was $l,yj8,ti24.5vS, leaving an undrawn balance on Oct 31 of $1,OÜ7,314.06 A consolidation of the cost guard navy and the ocean navy is recommended. The Muss chuse ts Democracy. Boston Post. Events hare driven the democratic party in this state to a position in which it is the easiest thing in the world for it to do a very wiaethinn", which it had not the couratre to do before. This wise act is to leave the liquor-selling interest to the full enjoyment of the political associations in w hich it is now found, and to refuse it countenance and fellowship. It has been the bane of that party that the liquor interest, attracted in part by the more liberal ideas of the democrats in favor of a just license system, has attached Itself to the democratic orgnizatiou and been aullered to exercise iulluence in the parCy. Ia Fo'lettt'a Lnst Fi isco. Franklin Democrat. The inquiry into the school-book company, under charges that the books were not up to the standard, appears to have been fathered alooe by the superintendent of public, instruction, who forgot his position in the effort to do his party a service. 11 has jriven aid and comfort to the school-book sharks ever since the law was p issed, and has done all in his bower to break it down.

Fv. FsL

HAD WAY'S READY RELIEF. Tho Cheapest ond Best Medicine for Family Use in the World. Sore Throat, Cold, Coughs, Pneumonia, Bronchitis, Inflammation, Congestion, Influenia, Dillicult Jireathinp, Cured and l'revented Ly Rndway's Ready Relief. Inflsmmat'on of ti KMn-y, Inflammation of ths nimbler, InTanrnaMon of ihr Hov ), ( onfestioa of Hie l.unc. Pa nitiit on ol thu 11. art, 11 vst run. Croup, lipht.it-ria. IMtnrrh, lnl!urii7a. ulii Chili, Asu Ch. 11 Chi.blu.tis, Frost-' us, Mervouiincns, hleeplcns-ne-s. Tlie appl'cnt'on of the ItnADV ItrTI.ICF to the part or parts w here the diliicully or pain eiibla .11 anord eae nnl coml'ort . KAOVVAV'S Ki: IY liHLinFis the only remedial aceut in vi'cue fiat will imiactiy atop paia. It Instonily relieves and mwn cure Rheumatism, Neuralgia. Pclatlca, lleiiriache. Toothache, Inflammation, Aathi.ia, Influenra, iMtticuli Breathing, I.umha-o, Swelling of the Joints, I'uiiis in liack, Cbcbt or Limb. Stronjr Testimony From Honorable George v Starr as to the Tower of ILidwuy's. Heady Kelief in a Case of Sciatic lilit'umatisin. No. 3 Van N'fs Tlach, New Tort. Pr. Hapwav: With me your Kelief has workeA wonder. Kor the last thr-e years I have had frequent and revere attacks ol' n iat.ea. sonietinie extending from tlie iurnnar regions to my nuki s. and al times la both lovr-T linilii. Uiirin; the I. me I have been allliCteil I have tried M!rn-t all t'ie nmedieh recom-no-nded by wise mrn and fools, hoping to find relief, but a.l proved to he failures. I have tru-d various kimliio:' üuii, manipulations outward application of liniment too numerous to mention, and ;in criptionS ol the must eminent phrsiemn, all ol which ailed to giveine relief. I.t September, at the urjent requetl of a friend iho h:id l.e n atllicted as myt n I wa in diieed lo t:T your remedy. Iwiustl.e-i suffering- feartul y vr.th one of my old turns. To my surprise and di liirht the lir-t -si plication pive me ee after haihinjr and rulb'n the part a2" ted, leaving the limb In a w arm riow, r ted by the Uclief. In a short time the pain pu-se l entirely awuy. Although 1 have liad slight periodical aitnck approaching- a change ot weather, 1 know now how to cure m.;'lf, and feel quite muster of the Mluulion. KAPV'AY's KKAOV I'.Kl.lKK i my fr.end. I never travel without a botUs In ii. y Vbli&o. Yours truly, üliü, & TAH it. 1Ü READY REUEF. Is a Cure For All Pain, Sprains, Bruises. It Stands First and is the Only PAIN REMEDY That instantly stops the exeruciaHn? pains, allays Intiammaiion and cures Congest. on, whether of the Luns, Moniacfi, Eow Is or other plands or organs. IN 1 iiiiX ALLY, a hull' ti a Uxspoonl'ul in half a tumblerof waf r. will, in a few minuter, cur I'ramps, f-pums. Mint Momach, Nausea, Yoma.ri, Hear burn, Nervoun s, Mecples-iK .-;elc Headache. IHarrhusa, Colic, flatulency, and all other internal j ams Malaria ia Its Various Forms Cured and Prevented. There is not a remedial a?.-nt in the world that will cure Fever and .Akuc, and a.l other Malarious, L'oious and other Jevers, i.leu bv it 1 V '. V'S PILLS, so quickly as UAUVVAV.- KI.ADV KKLIKF. It. It. IU not only cures the patier.t . ied with Malaria, but if people exposed to Ma.arwl poison w.:l, every morning, take -0 to 3) drop of Heady Kelief in wnier and eat, -ay a cracker, be. ore go. i: out, they will prevent uttacks. Fifty Cents per Jlottle. SolJ by Druczigts. '3 iü Sarsapariüian Resolvent. THE GUEAT BLOOD FCTJFIER, FORTJIE cure or chronic disease. Chronic Rheumatism. Pcro'ula. Hacking, Dry Con.-h. Cancerous Affeet'ons, HVe.iin? of the Lnngs, White Swell nt!, Tumors Hip I' ', Bronchitis. Not only does the Sara;arilia Kesolvent excel all remedial "agents in the cure of Chronic. Scrofulous ontitutional and bkin Diseases, but it is the only positive cure for KIDNEY AND BLADDER COMPLAINTS, Gravel, IVahctes, Drotvsv, Stoppape of Water, Incont nence of Urine, Bruht's Kihe .se, Albuminuria, sni in ail ca-.es where th'-re are hr.ck-dust depolt. or the wat-r is thict, cloudv, m.xed with ub!ancf like the w hite o! au eirir, or threads lite vh.te siik, or there is a morbid. ark, bil.ous aopearance, and white bonedust deposits and hen there is a prickiin?. barnine sensation when pasiintr w iter, and pain in the small of the back and alone the lo-.cs. Kiducj Troubles. Atuevs, Ditto. Pear Sir I thonght I woulj write yon and tell tou what wonderful work your arsaparillian Resolvent ha-idono forme. 8ii rcU f o 1 could not move without the createst pa n .:th disease of ths kidnevs. I have tried every kind of liniment and diflerent medicine, and had my doctor to prescribe; but nothing did any good until I tried your llesolvenL I took three bottles and just sent for turee more. Your Pills are a God-6und. 1 hnve recommended them to over a hundred persons, who all say they found them to be the best Pilis thov e er took. MKS. TOM RARPIV, TOM RAKD1N", Yard Master. Athens, M. & C. Depot. Kidneys Returning; to a Ilealthy State. Radwat A Co. Gentlemen: I am now taking the fifth bottle of your Resolvent, and am receiving great benefit from it when all other medicines failed, and my aidneys are ret urning to a healthy condition, and would recommend it to all suffering from any disease whatever from their kidnevs. Kesoectfully vours, W. C. WILLI TTS. l'lttttsmouth. Neb. . DIABETES. LonsiANA, Mo. Pk. Radwat Pear Sir: I have used all your remedies with great success in practice; and the way J found favor with your Resolvent, it cured me of diabetes aller three physteiana had (riven me up. I detected a chansre in my urine in two hours ater tha first dose, and three Lotties cured no Yonr friend, THOS. Q. PAGE. Dr. Radway's Sarsparillian Resolvent. A remedy composed of injredients of extraordinary medieul properties, essential to purify, heal, repair and invigorate the broken down and wasted body, tjuicic. pleasunt, safe and permanent in its treatment and cure, bold by all druggists. One dollar a bottle. DR. RADWAY'S REGULATING PILLS. THJ GREAT LIVER AND STOVACH EEUEDY. Perfect Purjratives, Poothinir Aperients, Aet "Without Tain, Always Reliable and Natural in their Operation. Perfeetlr tasteless, elegantly coatei wPh rweea rora. purf.e, regulate, puruy, cieans and trenpthea, Kadwar's l'iils for th cure of all d sA.rders of tha ftomaoh. Iiver. Bowels, K:dncys. Wadder, Nfnroni liisrases. Constipation, Cootiv ne-a. Indigestion, iarepsia, B:!l:onncM. Fever, Inflimmat;on of the Rowels, Piles and all derangements of the Internal Viscera. Purely veiretsMe. conlaming- co mercury, minerals rr deleterious drups. "Observe the loiiowina symptoms resulting from disorder? o the direslive organs: Constipation, Inward Piles, fullness of lllool in the Head. Acidity of the Slomacli. Nans-a, Heartburn. l";n,;u".t for Food. I'ullnesft or We'cht in the Momach, Sour Eructations, Pinkins or I lutwinir in the I'it of ths fcton-seh, fiwimn-.ini of th Head. Hurried or Iliflicult HrealhInp, Fluttering at the HfHTT. C hokine or tuflocstin Pensations when in Lytas; Posture, Dot or Webs I'.efore tlie Sight, FrT?r or Dull I'nin In the Head, Peticicncy of Pcr-piril ion, Yiltowness ofthe Skin and Kvf. Pain in th? Side. Rrestx Limbs, and Suddea I iashoa of Heat, l.urnins of thf r lesh. A few doses ol KAPWAY'S PILLS will free ths system rom all the above named disorders. l'rlre 2. C e ts Ter Ho. Send stamp for postage to RADWAT & CO., Hew York, lor our book of advice. to tiik rrni.ic. By He sure to ask for KADWAY'S, and ses that Uh wama "UaPWAYO la na what TUU bur.