Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 35, Number 19, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 June 1889 — Page 5

THE INDIANA .STATE SENTINEL., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 26. 1889.

5

AFOOT IN OLD IRELAND.

THE LACE AND NEEDLE - WORKERS. Aiothtr tttr Trom Edgar 1 tTakaman Ko Idle Women De script loa of the Various Embroider! Tito Nans ot Yonghal. The Glenties, Ireland, Juno 10, 180. In my tramping through every county of Ireland I have had opportunities equaled by few for observing the industrious character of women. I presume there are nearly 2,500.000 women left in Ireland. Whatever proportion of these I may have teen, certain it is I have never come upon a. lazy one nor an idle one. The insignificance of the pittances they receive in any labor to which they may be able to turn their hands makes no difference with the energy in that labor. Your knitter of the Connnmara Alps may work a whole month for thirty -pence; the factory-girl of Belfast, a week in the murder-pen of a linen-ppinninjr mill for from four to six shillings; your Limerick tambour Lice maker, a month for ten shillings; yor.r Innisbmac5aint, or Youghal, point-lace makrr, bis months for a pound; or your white slave of the tlax or potato fiel-i?. for three months for her loard and a "cuaricter;-' etill they all work, and that nitti right good will. The labor has nothing nearer insubordination in it than "a tit of taste for blackguarding," or a song that will vie with that of the mavis or lark. Nor are these like the dull, sodden women of the peasantry of continental Europe. I have seen in Bavaria women yoke l at the side of hi-ifers, drawing loads in carts through the pleasant vales near Bavreuth. Somehow one has contempt for such natures, lint the Irish woman or girl has spirit and fire in her, which, while keeping her out of everv form of real degradation, hold her loyally to all lines of humble striving, and give her a lightsomeness, energy and brightness, and not infrequently a lovely grace and beauty, at fcer ever-tremendous efforts to add to the humble home store. Indeed, such cheerincss and hope, such scoffing at diiliculties to be overcome, and such downright hardihood and gayety in the face of endless toil, would be ditticult to match among the women of any other land. So having visited and occupied, if occasionally but fr a moment, the 'stranger's Eat" bv the hob in over three thousand Irih cabin?, it Las been easy to know something about the reality oi Irish lacemaking and many other pursuits of kindred nature, which help keep the horror of eviction from the lowly home, licemaking in Ireland is the remnant of a lost art, or, more properly speaking, a partial renewal among the peas, an try of a once noble art among the ladies of the ancient Irish nobility. There are well authenticated instances ot marvelous woric of this kind which have come down through families as heirlooms, in ''samplers" of pillows and point iace. f.s beautiful and artistic as those esamrv'cs which set King Louis XIV of 1 rai'it-' in raptures and assured the lortunes of the taitnted Colbert and Madame Gii'.ert oi Aiet'con. But the political biftory of Irv!?.r.u L enoug'i, in a word, to explain the pt drstra-tion oi lace-niak-iEg. Not until about seventy years ago was any form of art needle-'woik found to be reviving in Ireland. The nearest approach to this M as a species of embroidery known sis Mountmellick, originating, curlou-ly enough among a settlement of Irish Quäkern, at the pretty village of Mouctmeiiick, at the conäuencs of the Barrow and Owenass rivers, at the edge ot the romantic Sieve Bloom mountr:jjS, in Queen's county, about Keventyve miles southwest of Publin. This embroidery consists of open ru:ed flowers in white on white sat teen, in ttitches imitatives cf the things represented. This work has gone on alter the quaint Quaker fashion for over half a century, and as there has always been an organized association for promoting the sale of Mountmellick embroidery, about fifty workers have always found employment at about 12 shillings per week. In the re-introduction, or beginning among an entirely different class, of lace making in Ireland, the order of development has been as follows: The Carrickmacross laces are the applique, copied from the Brussels and begun in lSiOand guipure, in improved copies of the oricinal Cretan, introduced in 1S-W. Limerick lace comprises chiefly the tambour, drawn and run, and was begun in 1m. Crochet lace-making, plain, or lace and crochet t-titch combined, in imitation of the old needle-made lace, was introduced in countks Cork. Mon.iL'han and Armagh in 1S4040. At Youghal, the old borne of bir Walter Raleigh arid the point of final embarkation of the destrover, Cromwell, the famous ''Irish point" Las teen made since 1S49; wUle the quit as famous InEishmaaeaint point lace the latest development in Irish lace-making, was begun in Thus all the Iri?h laces may p roperly be classified as crochet Limerick, Carricmacro.-s, Youghal and Innishmacsaint; and they have all owed their reawakening or origin to the great famine which remorselessly spurred eilort into any form of labor that wo aid ward oil starvation, and the aid in technical instruction on the part of individuals and associations of wealth, both in L'ngland and Ireland, which universal Irish suiicrir.g fortunately prompted. The simplest of ril Irish Iace3 are the crochet lacts. ar.d the introduction of the crochet need;-- proved a godsend in thousands of Irish homes. At the Urealine convent of Lia'-k Rock, county Cork, the nuns began in 1540 giving thdr "poor scholars" the most rigorous training in its me. Such progrrs was made that in 1S4 they received aVut 6 00 for the product of their pupils' labor. From this humtie beginning crochet work spread over the south and west of Ireland, and thence, through the etlbrts of a lady of Kildare, who took up and developed the industry by teaching poor girls who took a solemn pledge to train free three others, into every county in Ireland. r?even Lnndred girls were employed in Kildare alone. The best trained teachers were for a time sent into the remotest districts. One came to the wife of the rector oi Clowes, Mrs. Howe, who herself learning the art taught hundreds of girls about Clowes; the best deicrns wert purchased and copied: fine Italian and Spanish patterns have keen introduced everywhere; and the recent application of beautiful sulk tlirfad have given the work a popularity which renders crochet lace-making a boon to the deft workers iu thousands of Irish homes. Perhaps at the present time the greatest number of crochet lace-makers may be found in counties Iown, Antrim, Armagh, Fermanagh. I Jerry and Donegal. But there is no nyptein or organization abont the work whatever. The great lace bouFf S of Belfast, which are becoming so rich out of Irish lace that one firm, which beran eitrht years ago supplying inail orders on a credit not exceeding 100, have jnt erected a trade palace costirg over ?2"X),(VA have a clever way of doing business. They recognize, as all lace dealers in Ireland do, that peculiar independence of character in the Irish woman worker, making bur prefe.r starvation wages at borne in remote country places, to any possible rewards of labor within the evil - associations of Irish citits, and profit oatragreuüy by the eame.

They appoint some impecunious tradesman or other individual, often the postmaster, in every little village or crossroads hamlet ai their agent or factor. The factor receives the material and patterns from the Belfast firms by "parcels post" and distributes the work from his shop or postoffice. The dealer fixes a maximum price for the labor, paying the factor a trifling commission for his trouble. The object of the latter is ßolely to get the work done for as much less than the dealer's price as possible, for the difference is his gain, (i iris anil women often walk from the mountain districts for distances of from twenty to thirty miles to get the work, and this is the way they are usually treated: (Jirl "An' its blessins' an yer honor, the niornin', an mieht yez be afther bavin' the wurrk from Belfast ?" Shopkeeper "Wurrk is it? Indade 'n' its sorra a mite they do be givin'. There's twinty thousan' cryin' an' playdin' fur the wan collar they're wantin'. Wurra, its haythen times we're havinV iirl "Aisy now, an' be afther helpin' a poor craythur that's 'stepped out' twinty miles for ä stitch. Ilevin s blessingä'll be an yez for that same." Shopkeeper "Its foine talk yer aisy givin' me cushla, but ye!ll get no'thin' fur nothin' here fur that same." Girl "Its not for blackguardin I camo the day ; its wurrk." Shopkeeper "An1 its nathur ye'll get tell ye lind a civil tongue. Yer wurrck's bad, and yer manners is worses; yez can 'switch the primer (take an oath) to that. Get along out o' this wid yez." The poor work-seeker goes out disheartened, and returns pleading two or three times during the daj'. After she is completely worn out, and willing to do the work for any price the shop-keeper may fix, he finds that he has some material and patterns, which he pretends have been engaged by another worker twenty miles awav on the opposite side of the village; and after shameless blackguardingand haggling hebestows the work as an out-and-out charity, after outrageously lowering the just price, and securing a solemn promise irom the woman that half the amount to be paid her shall be taken out in "truck" at his vile little shop. It is this dastardly outrace upon labor, enforced throughout Irelaud upon the peasantry by every soul from landlord to such petty brute as this, which keeps the Irish people in su Gering, and forces emigration to other lands at the astounding rate of nearly 1 00,000 souls

per year. But the crochet lace-makers toil bravely on. At every hovel you will find something of the sort eternally in progress. The nimble lingers flutter and ply, keeping time to the h art-throbs of hope, ever and ever. Months of labor may secure for them a few shillings; and finally the work is returned almost black from the toil upon it, and refcrwarded through the factor to Belfast, whore the lace-dealers, pretending to hold it all in fine contempt "for the smell of peat that's on it," build great churches and trade palaces out of the more tli.in 1,0-KJ ior cent, protit they invariably make out of every transaction. In Limerick alone of all Irish cities has there ever been anything like an attempt at manufacture oi lace, and here lacemaking has been, during certain periods, extraordinarily successful. It was introduced in 1 by a man named Walker, about twenty lace-makirs having been imported from Nottingham. By lsöO nearly two thousand women and girls were employed in various branches uf the work, ns taüibourers, runners, darners, menders, washers, finishers, muslin embroiderers, and lr.ee open workers. The ground-work of all this lace is made by machinery. The quality has always been superb, far excelling" any partly machine-made lace manufactured either in Knidand or upon the continent; but of late the industry lias suffered from vis? inr.chiae competition; and workers were never permitted to earn wages exceeding from three to seven shilling per week. The Cari cm across lace derives its name from the introduction of both appliOjUO and guipure lace-making into the parish of Carrickmacross, in the county Monaghan, as early as 1S20. It is a most interesting region under the shadow of the Slieve-Beagh mountains, and the environments of the peasantry to this day are of the most primitive sort. The cabins, which seldom have more than one room from eight to twelve feet square, and never more than eight feet high, with earthen floors and straw-thatched roof. A hole in the roof-end gives the smoke opportunity for escape, and where clay or stick chimneys are indulged in, an old lirkin or a few ßlivers of freestone rock, form the picturesque chimey-pot. Potatoes, with occasionally a little buttermilk or 6weet milk, constitute the almost exclusive articles of food ; and yet from out of the hands of the daughters and mothers of this region and of county Armagh, into which Carrickmacross hue-making has extended,eome daintier fabrics in applique than were ever conceived in Brussels, and copies iu guipure that are marvelous improvements upon the oritrinals in Cretan. The Innishmacsaint lace comes from a still more interesting region, not only from the loveliness of the scenery about the upper and lower lakes oi Lough Krne, that splendid northern rival of glorious Kiiiarney in Kerry, but as well from the ßinzular beauty ot the maidens and mothers who dwell and labor amid these mountains, vales and glens, and upon these transcendent shores. Innishinarsaint itself is a dainty island half a mile from shore in Upper Lough Erne. A famous abbey wa.s founded here in the sixth century, by St. Nenn, or Nernid, of the royal blood of Ireland. The saint's bell ornamented with gold and silver, is still preserved hero as a s acred and precious relic. The parish, partly in county Donegal and partly i:i Fermanagh, derives its nanie irom tho island of ruins, and the entire peasantry of this wild and beautiful region, in manner and dress strikingly reminds one of the picturesque folk of the Tyrol. Nearly every family has a member who is a laceinaker; and without organization, technical instruction or any attention whatever to preserving or developing artistic effort, these blue-eyed, black-haired, red-lipped women produce marvels in point-lace as wonderiul as were ever known in point d'Alencon. I found one worker who had been employed over five months upon one handkerchief. She said two months mbre would be required to complete it. "What will you get for it?" I inquired. "Faith, an' I m thinkin' a pound it'll bring." "And what will you do then?" I asked aerain. "Go to America, fdaseGod!" was the reply. And yet my riends the rich Belfast lace dealers showed me handkerchiefs by no means as rich and delicate, for which they easily got ?150 each. Their peasant sisters of the South are more fortunate in the matter of training and just and generous supervision. The nuns of the Presentation convent, at Youghal, have assiduously striven for fifty years to not only secure the best copies Irom the most famous lace-makers of southern Eurone, but have insisted upon never-ending instruction of learners. Dealing direct with t'ue importing bouses of America, they have been able to pay the best wages known in Ireland tor women's labor. This fifty years of effort has also brought most "magnificent artistic results. "Irish point," as the Youghal lace is called, is practically perfected into an original combination of old and modern stitches, closely resembling, and in many instances far superior to some of the rarest specimens of Milan ; and it is doubtful if to-day there can be found rarer, more exquisitely and marvel-

oubIv designed work than comes from hundred's of homes of the sunny rales of Cork and Waterford. There is also a black lace in silk, and a white lace in thread, both "pillow laces," made by the peasant women about the sleepy old town of Tallow, from instruction during the last half century by the nuns of St. Joseph's convent at that place. From the most conservative estimates it would seem that 20,000 women in Ireland are constantly employed in the various forms of lace making; 7",000 are at work in the linen spinning and weaving mills; 25,000 are emploved in embroidery alone, and from 70,000 "to 100,000 in such pursuits as knitting, shirt-making, hem-stitching, finishing, laundering or boxing; or, in round numbers, 200,000 Irish women in homes and factories are endlessly striving to hold their hovel homes and their beloved Ireland together, on wages which will not exceed an average of four shillings per week! These wages could easily be doubled and trebled by technical instruction. Yet the English government, while billeting nearly 20,000 constabulary upon the country. Las never thought best to expend a single farthing in the establishment of technical schools, or in any form of instruction, to raise these willing, bright, noble working Irish women from out of the endleäs slavery with which mi-government has hopelessly encompassed them. Er-, ar L. Wakemax.

PROHIBITION IN KANSAS. Its Practical Working as Witnessed by An Observing Correspondent. Gorhaui (Ka.) Cor. Chicago Tiuies.l The interesting reminiscences were suddenly interrupted by the appearance of the village blacksmith, Dave Morgan, reeling along the street much the worse for liquor, lie was headed for home, but it was evident that he would not reach his destination for some time unless he received assistance. It was not the length but the width of the road that kept him back. Whenever Dave would shout: "lloor-ray for Gineral Jackson!" the little clump of men in froDt of the postoflice would laugh and jest coarsely at poor Dave's expense. 'I thought Kansas was a prohibition state," said Ben Juvenal, the liveryman, intending to be satirical. "So it is," said Jim Black, the postmaster, whose nose combined the dignity of a beak with the good nature of a bottle. "But what has prohibition got to do with the Columbia river salmon, I'd like to know? That's genuine Columbia river salmon that Dave's been takin'." "You don't mean it!"' exclaimed Juvenal in surprise. He had recently moved up from Texas. "Yes, that's right, boys," chimed in the station agent. "I never see no whisky or beer comin' here over the Union Pacific road either from Kansas City or Denver, but I do see boxes of salmon once in a while. There's an old farmer down toward Russell, the county seat, who is a lcetle too sly for the prohibitionists. Never mind who he is, but I'll tell you how he works tho thing. When he goes to Kansas City lie orders a ten-gallon keg of the genuine old stuff and 'has it packed in a box and labeled on the end 'Columbia Biver Salmon.' Then in his shipping directions he gives the town of (Torham instead of Russell, where ho usually receives his freight. This cute trick throws his neighbors off the track. The stuff is delivered here and the old man takes a halfday off and drives over here alter it. Tho next day or two he will have several sheets in the wind and every body'll think it's peppermint or hard cider that he is drinking." "Yes," continued the accnt, "it is wonderful what names the farmers round here will invent to get around the state law preventing the transportation of liquor by the railroads. There's old man Johnson out west of here who buys his stuff in Denver. He'll have a five-eallon demi john coming everv few davs Becurely packed in a butter-pail with a little butter smeared over the outride to make it look all right. He also plays the trick of having his liquor shipped, not to his own sta tion, but to the next station beyond or to this place, in order to throw his neighbors off the scent." "Did you fellers never see the way them whisky men down in Kansas City have things fixed for the Kansas trade?" said Jim Black. "All along that avenue there in front of the union depot every other door is a 6aloon or liquor store. And they all have signs out saving all goods are se curely packed for shipment, according to the latest approved style of the art. Kegs and demijohns and jugs and bottles are packed secure from observation and shipped under whatever name you like the best. Half of them fellers couldn't live if it wasn't for the Kansas trade." "Oh, you're all right," said the agent. who had been waiting for a chance to con tinue his narrative. "I read the other day in a Kansas paper which is printed in another county, an account of a special meeting of the town council. I want to read part of it to vou, lust to give vou an idea of bow prohibition works over there. In that town the women vote at all munic ipal and school elections. The following resolutions were introduced by the coun cilmen: " 'Whereas, Onr city calaboose is Rmall, out of nmht, and insiiiiioient to hold the wayward arm inebriated, be it therefore " 'Kesolved. That we build a new calaboose in the city park. "'lies lived. That the new calaboose be bailt out of the material of the old one. "'Resolved, Thut the old one be used until the new one is built by the city marshal.' " 'Mayor 5re tli re j, these resolutions are laws and this council now stands adjourned until the police jmle get such further political information as vrih suit our necevities.' " 'I'olice Judjre If the city marshal is not too Crank he will rut the lat ipoiiker into our cal abooe unless he can give good bond for iny COhtS. ".So that is a specimen of a prohibition city council in Kansas, is it? said Ben Juvenal, sneenngly. "V ell, I believe I'll leave the state of St. John and go back to Texas, where they don't practice tho hypoVI lid IflllbU OU iUUtll. "Oh, well, it's about the same in Iowa. exclaimed the agent. "I used to have charge of a station on the Burlington road in that state. Iowa has a state law pre venting tne transportation oi liquor by the railroads. But the trouble is the law does not prevent. I saw car-loads of beer carried there as Milwaukoe conversation water, Best's tonic, maltine, lagerine. etc, That's the way it was labeled and that's the wav it was put down in the way-bills. It was no unusual sight to see shipments of beer-kegs, empty and filled, covered with burlap. Whisky and other liquors ware ehipped as Moxie nerve food,' 'vine gar, varnish, nuta and bolts,' 'hardware, 'red paint,' and 'mineral water.' But the name in most general uso for whisky shipments was barb-wire. The use of barbwiro for fences in Iowa is very extensive. and that word became a favorite label for private packages ot liquor consigned to thirsty farmers. "Clandesiine retail dealers adopted otner convenient names. Inere was a regular dictionary of secret terms in use between the wholesale men and their Iowa customers, and nkilltxl packers were em ployed by the former to put up the 'goods in such a manner as to avoid suspicion and attention from anybody who might bo nosing around. That s the way the thing is worked in Iowa and Kansas. Money will buy whisky here as well aa anywhere else. Nearly everybody needs a tiooA medicine at this season, to purify the blooa and build tip the system. I food's Sanaparüla is the mof t popular and successful spring medicine and Mood pantier. it cures scroiula, all Humors, dyr pe p-iia, tick headache, that tired lechag.

FARM AND nOMEvCOLlM.

DECLINE OF AGRICULTURAL PROFITS. Farming Should b the Host Prosperous of All Industries Two uhU Timber Tress Cabbage and Cauliflower Farm anjl Garden Notes. The statement of Assessor Wood that be finds farming land declining in value so serious in New. York that within a few years, if things go on as they are now going, we shall have only tenant farmers in this state, the mortgagees being obliged to take the land upon which they have loaned money, oueht to lead the farmers to some study of the tariff. There is nothing, says the New York Krenhtg Pwt, stranger than the delusion that is so prev alent among them that protection is favorable to their interests. About threefourths of our total exports consist of agricultural products. These are sold partly in foreign markets in competition with the cheapest articles of like kinds pro duced in the world. The prices they bring, consequently, are the lowest prices that such articles can be sold for, produced in countries where lands we cheaiest, where taxation is lowest, or where labor is most abundant and wages at the starvation point, as for example in India. The price of our agricultural products in foreign markets regulates and tixes the prices of all those sold at home, because no merchant could anord to sell our products abroad at les3 than the prevailing market price in this country. Notwithstanding this is so unquestionably and obviously true, the strange fact isalso true that a majority of the farmers in the northern states have been voting for almost a generation in favor of enormous rates of tariff duties, with the etfect of increasing the cost to them very largely of nearly every kind of manufactured goods they purchase. fcuch a mode of conducting business must necessarily result injuriously to the farmers. They comprise nearly one-half of our laboring population. The maintenance of civilized conditions of life among them requires that they exchange the products of their labor for the prod ucts of ti:e lal)or of other people, lhat they should do this on fair terms would be only just. That they should do it on favorable terms, if they can, would seem to require no argument. If conditionscan be established by which they can obtain, in exchange for their corn and wheat, cot ton and tobacco, beef and pork, dairy and other farm products, the largest quantities of the necessaries ot life, such as imple ments and machinery, hardware and lumber, cottons and woollens, glassware, chinaware, aalt, coal, etc., it ought to be obviou.3 to every farmer that his circumstances will be letter, that ho will bo better rewarded lor bis labor, and that he and his family will enjoy in greater abundance the comforts of life, than if he is compelled to make his exchanges in a restricted market where the price of all he purchases is greatly enhanced, and the price of what he eeha is not enhanced at ail. For instance, if the farmers of the United States export 100,000,003 bushels of wheat and receive in exchange for it in the Liverpool market lUU.OOO,00l) yards of cloth, on which, on its arrival in this country, a duty of 70,(00,000 must be paid, is it not obvious that they gt-t less cloth for a bushel of wheat than if thero were no duty, or the duty were only half as high? But is it not just as obvious that if there is a protective duty on cloth, and if the wheat isexchanged for similar cloth made in thi3 country, the result must to the farmer lie the same? If it is not the same, then the protective duty is useless. The price of the homemade article may not be as high as the tariil' would permit, although there is always an endeavor to make it so by combinations and trusts; but if it were not higher than a free market and fair play would justify, the protective tariü' would not be desired or asked for by anybody. Many farmers believe that although they do sell in a free market and buy in a restricted one, and alt hough this is a present disadvantage to them, yet that all this is for the general advantage, and-that they will share in the resulting prosperity by and by. We deny that it is for the general advantage, and especially do we caution them to beware of any method of dividing the proceeds of the national industry where they can see exactly how they lose, but can not see exactly bow they fcain. The first protective tariff of any real moment was enacted in 181 G. It is now upward of three score years and ten that the farmers have been waiting for tbeir share of the winnings. If they have not j'et realized it, when may they ever expect to? A patriotic w illingness to make sacrifices for the general prosperity is laudable; but may not the American farmers say that it is now time for other people to take their turn, and make the sacrifices, if any are to be made? We hold that no bacrifices are needed; that the only thing needed is to let each man and each class of producers have and enjoy what they honestly earn ; but if further sacrifices were necessary, those who have been making them continuously for more than the psalmist's period of life are now entitled to a respite. Farming ought to be the most prosperous of all our industries, because the inherent properties of the soil are a free gilt of nature. Other things can be dispensed with more or less; the products of agriculture can not. Does the American farmer reap this natural advantage? Is farming in this country prosperous? Fach farmer must answer this question lor himself; but wo point to the fact that between 1SÖ0 and LSM, under a low tariff, farming wealth increased 100 per cent., while under the high tariff, between 1S70 and 1SS0, it increased only 9 per cent. How is this remarkable difference to be explained? Not by any shortage in tho amount of new and fertile land accessible; not by any increase in the cost of transportationon the contrary, this has been enormously lessened; not by any want of market the market for agricultural products is only limited by the population of tho world. Can any other cause be imagined than the arbitrary and unjust requirement that the farmer shall sell in a free market and buy in a restricted one? Two Timber Trees. The London Garden speaks of two trees which have proved valuable for their timber, and which we think may at the samo time be largely planted on the broad plains of the West as protection from destructive ?inds. One is "the willow," the wood of which never splinters a quality which specially fits it tor the bottoms of carts and wagons for carrying stones, or wherever it receives rough pounding. It is proposed, also, to uee it for paving streets. But this writer -does not say to what species of these remarks apply ; of these there are several, ever among; good, sized trees. What is the experience in this country with the different willows for timber ? The white willow has already been largely planted for screens at the West. As nearly all are really propagated by cuttings, plantations on cheap land may be easily made. 1 he other tree mentioned by the Garden is tho Norway spruce. Although not holding a high position in market on account of its knotty character from tho numerous side branches of the trees, it may, if properly trained, be made in rails, pit props, roofing, rough flooring and Joists,

and " packing boxes. The writer of the article in the Garden says be has known

roots oi JNorway spruce wood perfectly sound after a period of thirty years. In all cases it should be well seasoned, The formation of knots may be prevented by close plantations, causing the trees to run np tall, and this mode would give more timber to the acre. Our own experience with small spruce plantations indicates that on rich soil large timber mav be grown in twenty-five or thirty years at the rate of About forty or fifty cords to the acre. The growth of the screens for protection against prevailing winds is comparatively rapid, and w hen the young trees a foot or two in hight may be purchased at low rates by the thousand, screens and plantations combined micht bo secured at moderate cost. . Where efficient lelts and plantations are made in some of the Western states, where cyclones and tempests are to be checked by trees fifty and sixty feet high, it becomes a matter of importance to select those of rapid growth, and if such screens are abundantly planted over the whole face of the country there is no doubt that they would prove of great value in at least partly checking the severity of the winds. Cabbage and Cauliflower. Prairie Farmer. For home use a few of these planted for an early crop are very acceptable for the table when they come in. Father of them is reasonably hardy, and may be planted out of the hot-bed, even in the North, at once, in a season like this. Good, rich land should be selected, as in proportion to the quickness of growth of vegetables, is the crispness preserved which is 60 desiruble. For home use, at least, a small, early cabbage is just as satisfactory, but the market-gardener wants them of fuil size, or the price is low in proportion. The best market kinds, and that are good cabbage for any purpose, are Jersey "V akefield and Winnmgstadt These are of good maketable size. The Early York is much smaller, and one that comes a week earlier than the above. Erfurt and Snowball are excellent cauliflowers. The latter requires somewhat moro room to grow in than the former. Plant them three feet six in the rows, and eighteen inches between for cabbage; two feet six by eighteen inches answers for garden crops. A New Pest. (Washington Democrat. A special to The Indianapolis Sextinel from Brazil, thiB state, says: Although wheat is looking well farmers from different parts of the country say that within tho past few days a great army of little green insects have attacked the ear and are sapping the grain of its milk. It is a new pest and it is believed that its depredations will be most damaging. A reporter of the Democrat inquired of a number of farmers recently as to the existence of thi new pest in this county. From the answers it seems that the green bug is doing more or less damage in every part of the county. In 6ome places tt is thought tht wheat will bo entirely destroyed by.them. Similar reports come from many Indiana counties, out a Kentucky paper says that the same bug attacked the crop in that state lat season and did but trifling damaire. Ed. Sentinel. Farm and Garden. Kern th melon hills clean until they run over the ground. Freeh water is essential for all classes of stock at this season. Squash seed and string beans should be planted without delay. Keep the cows otl" the pasture just after a rain if the grouud is soft. Plant some sweet corn again for a late crop. It will grow rapidly at this season. Brood-mans will keep ia better health if worked or given exercise in some manner. Try a small patch of white beans for a winter supply. They require less labor than corn. Bust the nesbboxes once a week with inecl powder, in order to prevent lice from driving the lieus oft'. Cut straw makes better bidding for stock than long material, and is more suitable for the manure heap. Tbis Is excellent weather for picking geese. If the wool on the theep is Ion? it will giro them comfort to hhear them. The beeu and carrots will now erowd ont the weeds in the rows, bot the ground between tike rows should be kept clean. FkS from hens not in company with males will keep two or three times as long as those from hens that are with males. The ox-eyed daisy will overrutt the clover field unless extirpated, and it may be necessary to so over the field and pull them out by hand. Land plaster benefits all kinds of grass crops, but more especially clover. Being very cheap it should be used plentifully at all stages of growth. Take advantage of the warm season and feed very little grain. Stock requires succulent food at this season, and grain is sometimes detrimental. Turnips may be sown as soon as the ground is ready. Late potatoes may also be put in. (Jet the ground ready, and make it fine and clear of grass or weeds. The surest way to killthhtle is to keep them down. As f.'st as they appear above ground cut them o.I, and they will wilt, in time, become exhausted and die. Becauss prices for fruits and vegetables are low one day it is no c;uide to the prices for the next day. Fluctuations are rapid, and the weather otten controls the market. A handful of linseed meal to the broodsow once or twice a week will be beneficial. It is also excellent for the pigs if given occasionally, especially if the food lacks variety. The srvound is not well warmed yet, the recent rains causing delay. As the warm days have let iu he soil must be kept looe on the surface in order to prevent loss of moisture. Dry cows that are expected to come in 6oon will fatten very easily it too highly fed at this season, thus renderinethem liable to mils: fever when calving. Grass id 6uflieient for euch cows now, and but very little grain should be allowed. Bake up the fallen apples and other fruit and destroy them, either by throwing them in the hojf-pen or by burning them, as many of the fallen fruit contain insects or their larvae. In 6ome orchards the ground is already covered with small fruit. It is cheaper and more economical to hoe the corn than to allow grass around the stalks. Even when corn is cultivated in check rows it is sometimes impossible to get all the grass out except by the use of the hoe, especially if the corn is planted on old sod land. Usually when a tree or vine dies from so apparent caue it may be due to the work of insects or parasites at the roots. At this season of the year it will prove of advantage to dig around the roots of trees and examine them. Always apply air-slaked lime liberally before replacing the earth around the roots. During warm weather live poultry suffer from thirst when shipped to market in coops. The fowls should never be crowded. Nearly all the coops that come in contain twice as many fowls s they should have, and some of them die on the journey. Plenty of food, with drinking cups at several points of the coop, should be provided. Whenever ground that is heavily covered with irreen growth is plowed under, it will pay to broadcast at least tea bushels of lime per acre over the ground. Lime assists in decomposing the plants that are turned under and acts on the soil in a mannet to indnee it to yield op a greater proportion of nutrition for tne support oi tne neu crop. Now that the berries have been harvested. the Htrawberrv, vines will begin to throw out runners. It the ground is well cnltivated between the rows, the rannen will take root eaeily and frrow rapidly. The weeds in among the plants uf the rows must be pulled ont by hand in order to prevent them from seeding. Crab grass will spring up during warm weather on sandy soil, but it dies out later on. While growing anions the plants, however, it robs them of much moisture. Hints for the Cuisine. Boast Clams Lay the elams on a gridiron over bright coals until the shells open, then take them out upon a hot dhh and season them with butter and pepper. French Cake One cupful of butter, two cupfuls of sugar, three eggs, three cupfuli of

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I S -- O-:. lessen iMf for Infants Catorla is so well adapted to children that t recommend it as superior to any prescription fcaown to me. H. A. Aanrza, IL 111 So Oxford St, ErooUyn, h Y H i I KMI I i ii flour, one cupful of milk, two teasooonfuls of bakin? powder; beat the whites of the eggs and add them the last thin;. Cabbage Salad Chop one-quarter of a small c&bbaire, then ponr over it this dressing: One egg, one teasponfal of tucrar, one tea.-poonful of salt, one-half a teaspoon! ul of mustard, onequarter of a teaspoon ful of pepper, leat all well together and add two-thirds of a cuptnl of vinegar, put into a bowl and plare the bowl ia the top of a teakettle of boiling water until the mixture thickens. One cupful of cream may be added when the dressing cools. fcweetoread Croquettes Parboil two pairs of sweetbreads, cut iuto sinull pieces, M ith a dozen mushrooms; put two ounces of butter into a saucepan, and when it bubbles Ftir in two ounces of floor; then add a gillof milk or wpter and the chopped sweetbreads, and stir over the fire until thoroughly heated; remove from the fire and add the beaten yolks of two e.gs, then return to the fire to set without boiling; season with salt, pepper and sape ; let the mixture cool, and form into croquettes, and roll iu cracker crumbs and beaten tegs, und fry in hot lard. Royal Pudding One quart of milk, one-half a cupful of sago, two tablespoonfuls of butter, one cupful of granulated suear, a little salt, four eggs, four tablespoonfuls of raspberry ni. Cook the milk and a?o together for f an hour, then add the butter, sugar and salt, and let cooL When cool, add the yolks of the eggs, well beaten, and four tablespoonfuls of wine, and spread the jam on top. Beat the whites to a stiff froth, with four tablespoonfuls of powdered suear, spread on the pudding, and brown delicately in the oven and serve. Biscuit Glace Take one quart of cream and put it on the fire to heat, beat a pound of sugar and the yolks of nine eggs together until very light, stir into the boiling cream until thick, remove from the fire and set to cool; when cold, add half a tablespoonfnl of vanilla, the juice of one lemon and one oranee; pour into a freerer and freeze, whip another quart of cream to a stiff froth and btir into the freezer; fill fancy molds with the mixture, pack in saij and ice for one hour, when it will be ready to serve. If the flour is warmed before using in cake it will be found to be an improvement. Cocoanut foup Take two pounds of veal from the breast, add salt and three quarts of water, let it boil until the liquor is reduced about one-half and the meat falls from the bones; strain it, and to the liquor add one cocoanut grated, and let it boil acuin for half or three-quarter of an hour. Strain the liquor to remove the cocoanut, and to the stock ald one pint of rich milk or cream, a tablenpoonfr.l of butter, salt and white pepper; when it boils add a teaspoonful of corn-starch; beat the yelk of one egg with half a cupful of cold milk, and turn into the tureen and pour the hot soup into it, mix well, and serve. Spiced Tontfue Wash a fresh beef tongue, put into toiling salted water and boil s!owly for three hours. Then take it up and remove the skin and cut off all the roots. Put two tablepooufula of butter into a larcre saucepan when it browns, add a quart of the liquor ia which the tongue was boiled, half a teaspoonful each of ground cloves, allspice, mace, quarter of teaspoonful of pepper and the same amount of salt, one carrot and one onion chopped fine, put in the tongue, cover the saucepan and let it simmer for an hour, then add a head of celery chopped fne, boil half an hour longer and remove the tongue to a flat dish, cover with another, place a weight on top. Serve cold in thiu slices. The benefits of vacation season may be greatly enhanced, if, at the same time, the blood is being cleansed and vitalized by the use of Ayer's Sarsaparilla. A good appetite, fresh vigor, and buoyant spirits attend the use of this wonderful media ue. "The best thing yet!" This is the way a young man put it who made arrangements to work for U.V. Johnson & Co., Richmond, Va. You can get further information by dropping them a card. SÄLE OFState Lands. STATE OF INDIANA. orncE op ArnrroK or mate. Notice is hereby given that in pursuance to t lie provisions of an aotof the General Aseml'lv of the Mate of Indiana, entitled "An at authriirp the wile and conveyance of ccrta'n land of tlietatecf Indiana, di-rM-ing of the proceed thereof, and providing for the recovery of tho jwwssion of rut Unds of the ."täte unlawfully held, and for the rent of aur of the lauds of the tate until sold, rc-xalicsr all lawn in conflict therewith, and declaring an cmerRcnev," approved March 9, 1S-9, 1 will o.ler fr rale to tlie highest lii lder, at theorticeof the Auditor of iate, iu the riiv of Indianapolis, at from M a. in. to 2 p.m.. on Thursday, .lune üT, 1SS0. the following described real ctate, situate in Marion county, blonginif to the bUte ot Indiana, and authorised to be told by said act: Outlot number one (I), west of White riTer, in the Citv of Indianapolis; appraisement, tS-".ti.25. Lot number twenty-nine (29), in Allen's second north addition to Indianapolis; appraisement, Ixt number thirty t,:K), iu Allen's second north addition to Indianapolis; appraisement, iV). IVtfinnin: at the intersection of Hie wc?t line of the gravel ro:ul and tho west line of the wct half of the northwest quarter ot section twenty-two, iu townnhip fourteeu north, of rango three emt, ixty and a halt" poles south of the northwest corner of said hulf-o,uarter ; thence north :iVj decrees eaM, ten poles aud sixty-three hundredth: thence n irtii 61- degree west, oven poles and li fly-three hundredths", to the we.t line oi said ection ; thence south thirteen poles and three hundredths to the beginning conUiniDg forty square poles; appraUcmeut, 510. All that portion of the southeast quarter of section one (1), in township fifteen (IV) north, rane two i") eajit, contained in the following boundaries: liejrinning in the Kockville road, at the southwest corner of said quarter nection, running thence north forty (10) chains and twenty-five (") link to the center of said section; thence ea.t along the north line of said ousrter section twenty-one (-1) chains and forty-five (f) links; thence south twenty i?o) chains; thence eat sis (H( chains and Sdventy-tive (T.ii link; thence south twenty (JO) chains and twenty-five Ci-M links to the south line of said section ; thence west along caid south line in said Kockville road twentyeight (.') chains and twenty (-) links to the place of beginning containing one hundred acres, more or less; appraisement, $5,500. bald tracts of land above described will first be OOered for cash, li no bid lor eah is received, said tracts of land will immediately be reoflered for sale on a credit not to exceed five years, interest being payable annually in advance. No bid for 1cm than the appraised vslne thereof will be received. BItLCE CARK, Auditor of State. Indianapolis June 11, 18S9. A SOLID' TEEL FEWCE! 15 Ct. Dr Foot, material 3 feet wide. ApM m R;denrt, Churenes, Cemete rles, Farms, Carders. d.c. All neodin- l encns. Gate, arbor. W:nd .w Cosrfls. Trellises, etc., write tor otirülo. price hrt. mailed free. THE NEWEST THINC AND THE PEST, fcatnl EiMscrf IftalCs. I I. W. F.tiMt&d S tclCs. Pittsburgh. I Chicago. St Lotts Expanded Srtal Co., St. Lonis.

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DETECTIVES W in'rt ia ptt mii'i. Sr awn t. r alr lnr"". t;aiinanDcittliEuf:yCt,4Afri'1.Cincmi,j,J.O. .3

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and Children. Castorf rares P-o'le. Constfpar!. Sour Stomaca. Diarrhea, Eructation. t Kills Worms, gives sleep, aal promote U ration. WU&out usurious xnodic&äoa. Tax Cornea CojrPA.vr, 77 Murray Street, Jf. ""V A f. rs ITHACQ'JMNTED WITH THE GEOGRAPHY OW THE C4UWTWVSHU COT AIM MUCH INFORMATKM) FROM A STU3VOF THIS MAeOS VMSt 7 - (04 w j i I GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE (C, R. I. & P. and C K. K. Eys.) Vvogt. Northweet and Southwest. It taetti4l CHICAGO, JOLTET, BOCK I8UAWT, DAVES PORT. IE3 KOrNXS. COUNCIL BLTJTFS, WAnXxtTOWN. 8IOTJX FAIX8, MINNKAPOU?, BT. PAUL. 8T. JOSEPH. ATCHIFON, LXAVES(WORTH, KANSAS CITY. TOPEKA, COLORADO BPBXNQS, DLNVEH, PUEBLO, and hundrec at prosperous cities and towns traversing vut a I ee SI of the richest farming lands in Lhs west. SOLID VESTIBULE EXPRESS TRAINS Leading all competitors In erlendor avnd luxm r ' of accommodations (dnily) between CHICAGO and COLORADO SPRINGS. and PU EBLO. SimllAr mafiniacent VI -ST IB ULK TRAP" enrviee (daily) between CHIQAOO and COL HCCb BLUFFS (OMAHA', and between CHICAGO an4 KANSAS CITY. Ködern Say Coaches, eletrasft Dini-iR Cars (scrvin? delicious meals at ryderaf prices, restful Reclining Chair Cars (ecaiS?BXX3 end Pa'ico Elttcptngr Cars. The direct lln ta KKL30N. HORTON. ITUTCHLNSOIT. WICHITA. ABrr.r.rrä. CAI.DWT.I.T.. and all points in Borrtbera Kobr.ishs, Kansas. Colorado, the Indian Tai ritory end Tcxus. California Excursions daily. Choice of routoa to tne Pacific coast. Tho Famous Albert Lea Route Stuns superbly equipped Expreea Trains, dairy, between Chicago. St. Joseph, Atcnison. Laavmv . worth, Kansas City, and Kinne apolia and BU Paul. Tho popular tourist line to the scenic resort end hunting" end nehiru? rrounds cf too north we at. luWatortowncnl 81ouz Fall branch travwees tie p-reat "WHEAT AJTD 3D ALKY BELT" of Kortuernlowa, Southwestern nlinneoot and ael Central Dakota. Tbe Short Line via Seneca, and Kankakee e9era fAcilitics to trnvel to end frora Indianapolis, Cla, tnnatl and oder Southern points. J For Ticket, Kap. Iolöre, or dmiired tniluiu1 tlon. apply attny Coupon Ticket O&ce, or ad Ira E.ST. JOHN, C. A.HOLDROOK. Ccn'l IVTanagcr. CenlTkt. A Fas. Act. CUZCAOO. TT.L. GRATEFUL COMFORTING. EPPS'S COCOA. BREAKFAST. "By a thorough knowledge of tbe natural law whicu pjvorn the cpraiioRS of dLraiioD and nutrition, tuJ by a careful application of the fine proper tie ot wcll-at'loried Cocoa, lr. Epps has provided cur brcakiasl tables with a Uelicau-lr flavored hererage which tau save us mnj heavy doctors bills. It ii by tbe judicious tue ot such articles of diet that a constitution may be gradually built up until atrong enough o resist evtrry tendency to diacaoe. Huik dreds of t uotle mahidie are tioatin? around n reedr to attack wherever there is a weak point. We m-ry eca) tnanv a fatal shaft, bv keepin? ourselves wjfl lortitied with pure blood and a properly noarlsSed Irsme." CiTil bervice Uazette. Msde simply with boiling water or milt Soli nly in half-pound tins, by Grocers, labelled thus: JA3it-a LPFb A CO, Homoeopathic Chemists, London. England. CatatjrH lys Cream Balm Cleanses tbe Nual Tasfiagea, Allaj-s Fain and Inflammation, Heals ihn Pores, Restores tb Senses of Taste and Smell. HAY-FEVER Try the Cure. A particle U applied into each nostril and is agreeable. Price 10 ertti at Iru)ritf; bv mail, registered, 6i cents. LLY isKüIULHä, M Warren street. Sew lork. WANTED. II nm BY. SULZER BROS. MADISON, IND. The ony pnrchars in the WVt of all kinJi medicinal ro..u, bark, herbs. Send stamp for pricelist, with full particulars and instructions how to gatiier medicinal ruots. pKOBATE CAU5G NO. James Broden, administrator tt 'tat of Fetes Naughton. deceased, vs. Patrick Nsnphtoo et si. In the Circuit Court of Marion County, Indiana. Soptenilicr term. 1S-3. To Patrick Naunhton, Charles E. Eeynolds, irusrdian of aid Patrick Naughtun, a ixtob of unsound mind; Julia MJrail and Andrew Mrtirail, her husband ; abiua Hitfginsand John Hiin. her hustand; Kliza attl, 'Catherine Keee. a widow; tbe South Meridian avini:s and Loan Aso iation. Vou are wverally hereby notiticl that the sHoeBamedpe4itioneraadniinitratorof theetate aforesaid, has filed in the Cmuit Court of Marion County, Indiana, a petition making you defendants thTeto. and prayinfc therein for an order and decree of aal.i Court, authoruins the fale of certain real etat belonging to the estate of said dcedeni, and in said !etition described, to make avets for the payment of the debts and liabilities of saidet; and that sail petition, so filed snd pending. i set for bcarinjj in said Hrcuit Court at the Coort House in Indianapoli. Indiana, on the tirst Judicial day of the Ser temter term. 1'j, ot said court, the same being tbe 2d dav of September, 1SS9. Witneuthe Clerk and seal of said court, this 1st day of June, ltsJ. JOnX R. WILS05, Clerk, TVinter & Elara, AttorDf ys. 5SÄSTHaVlA CÜREDQ ttSCnlrrlnAnli 5 ASTHMA CUNt B lo-Untly iwliwww tbomoxt Tvdwit attack. No N wnitlntx for roatilt. Ir action w immwi!. tf at flitvct nd certain, and cnritthKh C in all cnrll caiea A amele tn.-l rTTro R t he most f kTit i.ial. Frf M U'. and S I .(X , of Bdrtiit or bjr lri r .ckar A"lo any , 1,1-... ,. If. m Hivi M i . N. .,. .L Vho I jit cur I do or rims r.p-'y to efof tboqi f-w a ;wo and tieu hi.e turn n;i.rr nr-n. I n.-n r tralcarr. 1 h 14 t -.a d'f-an of FITT. EtUJlFeT erFALLfNiiSH 'KXLSs a Iredsv ::"T. I warrae Wit im1j- to cr h m.r1 cava. Cwt'iH others ha falrd it no rcaxm ("root now ri'in a euro. trn4 at once fnr a tratM aen: a Fre Kntiiioi my tnfaiIU.e rfnJy. 0" liwt mi Port Oir. ii. li.BWI. .11. 1.. IS 3 rcul SU. New Yrk.

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