Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 35, Number 17, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 June 1889 — Page 5

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 188D.

5

SOME QUAINT OLD HOMES.

WHERE RALEIGH AND SPENSER LIVED Ed.ar L. TTakeman's Letter From Ireland Sleepy Old Cities Full of Interest Tougbal and KHcoIman The First Potatoes in Europe.

Mallow, Ireland, May 27, lSSO. About a good day's tramp east of Cork, along the pea, is the sleepiest old city in all Ireland. This is Youghal. EurhaHl or "the wood of the yews," ia its true Irish name ; for somewhere between twenty and thirty centuries ago, when the Milesians were prowling about here in their leather-bottomed curragh?,the surpassing loveliness of the harbor pcene was crowned by a noble forest of yews, and these swept from the western hights in billowy curves down to the very edge of the romantic Blackwater, which here reposeful finds its estuary and the sea. The little old city winds along the Blackwater shore in practically a single 6treet with moldy warehouses and idle wharves at the one f-ide, and with cavernous shops at the other, behind which like brown gypsy tents in a mountain jungle of fragrance, century-old cabins, mansions and villas are hidden in a mass of foliage and bloom. No one can tell why Youghal is here. Your eye may sweep the wi le, sunny harbor to the sea horizon in vain for glimpse of a single sail. Even the great round sun looks in from above the ocean over the the rippleleps bay as if wiih passing, pressing demand for recosmition in responsive life. The white wails of the shop?, pierced with diminutive windows, are glaring and dull. There is no Bound of loot-fall u;on the stone of pave cr street. Wooden b!ind are drawn and barred. If tdere be life within the shadowy silences behind window and door, it must only be perturbed that the stillness rnav never end. There is net even at o!d Youghal life left in zeyhpr cr breeze to shake the odors and scents from the buds and blossoms of prinsr. Hut there is a transcendent smile upon the face of Youghal dead, or in trance. Only in tropic-land are such ekie-. such palpable throbbing-? of nature's lavish life that w ill puke ard thrill despite the fcleep of human activities, such miracle in foliage, marvel in plant and shrub, and such delicious languor in breath of myriad perfumed tiower. And it was an old, old mansion so bauked with myrtle, so shaded by yews, and so matted and massed by ivy. that it could hardly be found by a tiptoeinc stranger in the voiceless city, that I had tramped all the way from hospitable Cork to see. But there it stood, this old home of Sir "Waiter Raleigh, as lovely a picture as one would wish to see; lovelier to-day, no doubt, with its ivy-rounded gables than in the wild and austere time in which it was built, when the vengeance of the Desmonds reddened the fair valleys of the Bride and Blackwater with the crimson wine of war. This fine old house, although it has undergone many chances and '"restorations"' is more than four hundred years old ; for the structure is the identical one originally founded as a collegiate establishment by the earl of Desmond in 1-1K4. and was attached to the church of t. Mary, which dates back to the thirteenth century. At the foundation of the house the establishment confisted of "a warden, eight fellows, eight singing men, and the endowment was ffJOO per year." Raleigh's first visit to Ireland, like these of a long and illustrious line of Englishmen before and since, was as a soldier of fortune. He first came as captain in a body of troops sent from England in 1570, to assist Deputy Lord Gray de Wilton in quellins the dangerous Desmond rebellion. His intrepidity, remorselessnes and skill were qualities which were in demand at Elizabeth's court, and Kaleigh's fortunate favor there, under the brilliant and profligate Dudley, shortly srave him 12,(XX) acres of land about Youghal, in one patent, and under another, in under the queen's privy seal, an additional three seigniories and a ball were pranted in the counties of Cork and Wateri'ord. This was Baleigh's splendid portion of the mo.it heartless confiscation and ' lunder which ever occurred in any land. For the vanquished earl of Desmnnd was the greatest, noblest and richest subject at that time in all Europe. Exclusive of his own subject-vassals he had over five hundred gentlemen of his kindred and surname; no equal portion of Europe was so dotted with noble castles and armed and provisioned fortresses, and so rich in the fruits of cultivation ; while the confiscation of his estates, at his attainder, eoniDrised nearly 000.000 English acres, all of which were parcelled out to Elizabeth's victorious foragers. "With whatever admiration we may contemplate Italeigh's splendid genius and his daring and eventful career, or with however much commiseration deplore his melancholy and cruel taking-oiT, it cannot be gainsaid that through his share of this colossal Irish plunder was first provided the means which larzely aided, if not actually made possible, the impressive exercise of bis tremendous and intrepid energies ; a fortune so out of proportion to all just deserts that he was enabled at one time to encase his feet in diamondstudded ehoes whose cost exceeded o,0P0! It is difficult to determine just how many years Ilaleigh occupied this fine old mansion at Youghal. But it is certain it wa? always more or less his loved retreat between 15V and 1 C02, when by deed to the crafty Ilichard Boyle, afterward earl of Cork, for an ignoble sum, he disposed of h' entire vast Irish estates; and it is alsc certain that Sir Walter retired to this ppot after his quarrel with the earl of Esfex, in l."07, at the taking of Fayal, in the Azores, which afterward contributed to the downfall of Essex, until Kaleigh became the English ambassador to the Netherlands in lfiOO. To these visits and this residence the world undoubtedly owes its knowledjf of the gentle poet, Edmund Spenser. The latter, like Ilaleigh, was a court follower in a small way, and his real or imaginary services to the adherents of Queen Bess, had secured for him a patent of dreary old Kilcolman castle and manor of about 3,000 acres, some twenty-five miles to the north of Raleieh'a home, in the valley of the Blackwater; but unlike Raleigh, no fortune or power, and little eie in material sense, pave loss, tragedy and final poverty and distress, came from Spenser's little portion of the Desmond confiscation. But Raleigh, renins and poet that he himself was, generously recognized the greater poet's true greatness ; warmed his heart with sunny hospitalitieg; sustained his doubtful dreaming with a strong and heartsome friendship; and, in 1"89, bodily took the timorous Spenser to London ; personally introduced him to the queen; and that very year saw the publication of the first three books of Fntrit. Querns. The old house at Youghal is still occupied. It is owned by, and is the residence of, the w idow and family of the lato Col. Fannt, who purchased it from the duke of Devonshire. As it stands to-day, it is a singularly apt illustration of the now scarce Elizabethan manor-houses; and at fir.-t elance one instinctively recalls Hawthorne's "House of the Seven Gables," or rather identifies this mossy old structure in the mind with Hawthorne's idealized house at Salem; for the Ilaleigh house has Children Cryfor

i'ust 6even gables, almost wholly hidden y ivy, which ha3 completely enfolded the quaint old place in such embrace that, in many places, it would almost seem that its guarded branches would in time twist and crush the walls into a ruined mass. Three gables are on each side, and one forms a queer old peak in front. Immense chimneys rise between the side arables, and one in front, above and behind the baywindow of Raleigh's study, pushes up to a great hight, the ivy winding about it in swirls of foliage, until in bears a startling resemblance to a diminutive, iron-clad round-tower set up on the peak of some gray old crag. There is no doubt that below this fairy tower Raleigh composed a number of those works which would have given his name the greatest luster with posterity as a writer, had not his close association with the material activities of his time remorselessly linked his name with those of the great soldiers, discoverers and court diplomats of the Elizabethan era. For here Spenser knew ami loved his "priceless friend" and brother poet, whom he named "the summer nightingale," and set the seal of his own fine judgment upon Raleigh's poetical power, in the line admitting no doubt of his genius "Himself as skillful in that art as any." Below each cable at the Bides, is a lesser bav-wiiidow of the quaintest design, which the ivy has almost hidden from sight. The walls of the structure are fully live feet thick, and its twenty to thirty apartments, all of which retain their original arrangement, are wainscotted with Irish oak. Some vandal "restorer"' has covered this with hidious paint, in all save one apartment, where the oak shows as black and llawleas as ebon3'. The drawing-room chimney-piece is a rare and now almost undiscoverable specimen of oak-carving. It is alrto of Irish oak, and is and exquisite example of 400 years ago in elaborate, and often grotesque, woodcarvinjjof emblems and lipures. The roof itself is worth a long journey to see. I doubt if there he elsewhere in Kncland or Ireland such a perfect illustration of the power of Irish oak to withstand the effects of time. I whs enabled to examine every one of its huge timbers, hewn as smooth by the artificers of that time as they could Ikj dressed and polished in a piano factory of to-day. Xot one showed check or flaw, and the ravages of 400 years had brousht no change, save to color them tha rich, dark brown of old rosewood one will sometimes find among the delicious nuts of the American hazel. One's heart irresistibly warms to the old place for itself alone. " Its age, serenity, ouaintness and beauty are very like the ten thousand old manor-houses that have picturesquely come down to us through English literature until, when a real prototype like this is found, it is like unexpectedly coming upon one's own. But to all this is added tho picturing a loving fancy weaves within and without the place, around it, and those two who gave it all the grace it possesses to the world at large. In this quaint study, Raleigh paced the oaken floor aud evolved new schemes for conquest and power. By this noble bav-window, overlooking the sleepy ofd town and the broad expanse of the Blackwater, he traced nobler thoughts that should live when petty affairs of state should be, forgotten. Here, in priceless communion of sentiment and intellectual converse4, he lived in a mvrtle-perfumed heaven with his poet-friend. In this great dininghall, lofty and dark, wierd with grotesque carvings, suggestive with Beeret pannelings, and toned with softened hah" lights from the shade of the fragrant foliage without, the two feasted, and dreamed as such may dream over the cloud v perfume of that stranpe and mystic leaf from the virgin land of dusky men across the tea. Well might Spenser name the lovely spot Myrtle prove; for in our own beauteous South never grew the myrtle in greater luxuriance. Here beneath these four huge yews, whose gnarled trunks and stout branches form a wondrous Gothic crotto, the two Eat through unreckoned hours, and the Faerie tlmrm- was read by tho poet to the poet, long before the world knew aught of Spenser's marvelous phantasy. And, stepping from food divine to food corporeal, just overthe myrtle masses, in the little patch of soil lyincr against the sunny hillside behind, here Sir Walter planted the first potatoes ever grown in Ireland. There seems to be little in his life to make his memory dear to Irishmen. But the two acts, his friendship for Spenser, and his planting of the little patch of Virginia potatoes, have been of more service to literature and value to Ireland than have been equaled by any other who has since come to Erin's shores. I feel sure that any one alter loitering about the lovely, leafy, silent old city of Youghal, and then enjoying the glories of the Blackwater with those of its sweet and mumurous tributary, the Awbeg, and after a tramp from old Doneraile town set like a squalid gypsy encampment amid gorgeous natural environs, to the level tract where stand the ruins of Kilcolman castle would agree with me in pronouncing the place one of the lonliest spots in all Ireland. A vast vale surrounds it; but as far as the eve can reach there is scarcely a sign of human habitation. The once noble forests have disappeared; only one little lake to the south can be seen; and searching in vain for sight or sound of human activity or nearness, only the gray of a far horizon-edge settles leadenly down upon the Waterford mountains to the east, the hights of Kerry to the west, the Nazle mountains to the south, and the Ballyhowra -hills to the north. It is said that from the top of the castle a view of above half the breadth of Ireland was once commanded. If there wa3 compensation in that in Spenser's time, it could hardly be found now. Kilcolman, or Citl Oilman in Irish, means Colman's church. There were above sixty saints Colman, and any of these, to one's liking, may bo taken as the patron saint of this particular townland locality. The castle, as the ruins indicate, however remote its date of construction, must have been one of strength and importance. The lower portion of the great quadrangular keep is in a good state of preservation for about thirty feet from the ground ;one of its tide walls, showing a noble w indow, rises solidly and firmly for jerhaps twenty-five feet above this; and a massive square flanking tower still lifts its rough old walls to a probable hight of seventy feet. It must have been a weird and dreary place for one of Spenser's fine nature. But two things of the gravest importance to poet, prince or peasant, came to this man in his eleven years of practical banishment here, between 15R7 and lö'X). The first of theso w as the chastening and exalting influence of absolute self-denial. The second was in his wooing and marrying a woman "of mean birth," who was so loyal, sweet and good that Spenser never knew an unhappy hour on her account during his life, more power to women "of mean birth" for it. These two good fortunes, despite bitter financial 6traits on the one hand, and, on the other, Irish "rebellions" of such startling frequency that every far line of trees, like trembling silhouettes against the horizon, undoubtedly took on the form of Desmond and Tyrone avengers, made him sing as no English poet before or since ever sung. And in these true things of his life lav the compensations; for the later days of poverty in I-ondon, where, as the sequel Jtroved, English indifference was more atal than Irish savairery, brought him nothing save the lovalty of his companion "of mean birth;'' and he was allowed Pitcher's Castorfs

to die in want in the land he had more infinitely honored than any other who ever lived in it, save Shakspeare. There is but little here to remind of Spenser now. So desolate is old Kilcolman and devoid of suggestive association the region roundabout, that the pilgrim hither must perforce bring Spenser along in his heart, and build the entire fabric of life, home and haunts from his own loving fancy. Only one real and sweet thing remains which will always remain as if revealing the radiance of the poet's gentle presence. That is the little river, Awbeg, the "Mulla" of his joyous verse; more i'oyous and melodious ever as it sings of dm who sung on its sunny, beauteous way to the Blackwater and the sea. Edgar L. "War em an.

IN THE JAWS OF A WHALE. Remarkable Experience of an American Sailor in the North Pacific. George Leonard, an acting master in the U. S. navy during the civil war, and stationed on the gunboat Kntahdin, West Gulf blockading squadron, in 1803, told a 6tory of heroism and exhibited marks on his body that corroborated his words, says a letter in the Philadelphia Pres. The year 1850 found Leonard as one of the crew of the ship Enterprise, a whaler in the North Pacific. One day he was stationed in the bow of a whale-boat a long distance from the ship with a brave crew, who had sighted a whale and made for the monster with all possible dispatch. "When within proper distance Leonard threw his harpoon, striking the fish hard and deep. In some manner the line, as it was run ning out, caught the body of one of the men in such a way as to throw him overboard. The man suddenly sank, whereupon Leonard transferred his line to a boatmate and sprang into tho ocean in aid of the drowning sailor. The whale, now maddened by his fastflowing blood, made a rush for the boat. Remarkable and horrible to relate, Leonard's friend had managed to regain the boat, while he himself was caught by the w hale between its jaws, his position being inside the raonster's mouth, with nothing protruding but ono of his arms. In this manner the man was in reality within the jaws of death itself. The whale instantly plunged down into the deep, and, in the words of Leonard himself, "the fish seemed to be going down, down into eternity itself." The imprisoned man, after all of this, had not lost his presence of mind. He mustered his entire bodily strength and he was a powerful man actually bracing himself in such a position as to compel the fish to spread its jaws; at the same time, with his arm that was free, he grabbed the sheath-knife out of its socket, cutting right and left. No sooner was there a sufficient opening made than Leonard forced his body outside. Up to the surface he swam, when, most 6trange to say, he found himself within an arm's length of his boat. He was saved. The marks of the whale's violence and the dents of its teeth were very plainly visible on Leonard's arms, and he was always pointed out by his brother naval officers as "The Second Jonah." PERSONAL GOSSIP. Secretary Wisdom is said to look overworked. Mrs. Frances IIopgsox HrRNETT has purchased a cottage at Sorrento, Me. A. J. Cassatt of the Pennsylvania railroad is said to be one of the most luccessfol of all the rich men who run horses for fun. The venerable Sir Harry Yerney, ex-M. I, has celebrated his eighty-seventh birthday and got rid of a severe attack of pneumonia, and now goes horseback riding daily. Miu Thomas Bayard, who leaves Yale this summer, will in the fall begin studying law in the othce of his father, the ex-secretary of state, at Wilmington, Del. Archbishop William n. Gross of Oregon will sail for Rome in about two weeks to pay his first official visit to the Vatican since the pallum was conferred upon him. It is stated that Pigott had his life insured for the sum of 1,000 in the English and Scottish law life insurance offices, and paid the premiums recnlarly up to the last. No claim has yet been made upon the company. Pigott's suicide, it is said, cannot afl'ect the policy, as it had been over fire years in existence. Gex. William B. Franklin, U. S. commissioner to the Taris exposition, is having a jolly time socially at the French capital. The Parisians hare gotten it into their heads that he is the grandson of Benjamiu Franklin, and they therefore consider him one of the most interesting features of the exposition. DrniNO his sojourn at the czar's winter palace the shah of Persia occupied rooms magnificently furnished. Decorations of red silk, enormous vases of malachite and doors made of tortoise-shell pleased his oriental taste. Fifteen carriages and forty horses were placed at his disposal. He is traveling with a retinue of fifty-five person. William Roane Rcffin, who died at Valley Farm, Chesterfield county, Virginia, a few days ago, was a great-grandson of Thomas Jefferson. He was educated at the Virginia military institute, and left that school to serve in the Confederate army. He was for many years rector of the hoard of visitors of the university of Virginia, of which institution his great-grandfather was the founder. Stain is excited over the news that Bizco del Borge, the famous brigand, has been killed in the Cordova mountains. He was a young man of noble birth, who some years ago got into a love diflicnlty in Madrid and killed his rival. He was obliged to flee and took to the mountains. Organizing a band of outlaws he became the most successful brigand of modern times. He was the typical brigand of romance, handsome, cultured, courteous and cruel. His death is a public benefit to the Cordovans. GENERAL SPORTING NOTES. Car. Adrews will make another attempt to cross the Atlantic in a small rowboat Ike Farrell knocked out Jack Harding in the eighth round, at Buffalo, Tuesday night, Dr. E. M. Bobbins of Carthage, 111., has sold his trotting stallion. Combination, to George Harris of btanbury, Mo., for $3,000. Charley Mitchell, Johnny Murphy, and Jim Moore of New Bedford will act as seconds and bottle holders to Kilrain in his fight with Sullivan. Tommy Warren has posted a forfeit in the hands of a San Francisco snorting man to fight any man in his class in the world for $1,000 a side. About twenty stallions will likely enter the 2 :20 race for stallions to be trotted under the auspices of the Pacific coast trotting horse breeder's association. Paul Patillo is not satisfied with the results of his last go with Harry Gilmore and wants to fight to a finish with small gloves under London rules for S-'OO a side. Wallace Ross is in London announcing his intention to row over the English channel in a thirty-pound boat He is also willing to meet Laycock, the Australian sculler. Charles Green, the English oatch-as-catch-can wrestler, has made a match with Tom Cannon, best two in three falls, the match to take place at Buffalo within ten days. Frank White, who is matched to fieht Jack Bates of Youngstown for a stake of $1,000, has had the match set back for four weeks to see if he can get ou a fight with Jack McAulifie. Billy Jordan, acting for the California athletio club, is in New V'ork to confer with young Mitchell, who is to fight John Reagan for a twenty-five-hundred-dollar purse in California, and also to see Jake Kilrain. Failing to secure Myer's consent to a tenround boxing bout July 4 with Jack McAulitle, Billy Madden has issued, in McAulifle's behalf, a challenge to any light-weight to box ten rounds, near New York, July 4. The London UporUman says: Th Valleyrie has proved herself to be faster than any other yacht atloat in English waters. Yachtsmen of experience are of the opinion that she would hold the Irex, with reduced sail spread, in any weather. As fir as we have seen, she is a good all-round boat and she will be seen to advantage whatever the condition of the weather.

PLANTING TURNIP CROPS.

HOW, WHEN IT IS OF ADVANTAGE. Other Slatters of Farm Interest The Jute-Bagging-Combination Knocked Out Durable Whitewash Another Peat A Qaall Farm Farm Notes, Ktc. About July is the time for putting in the turnip crop in this section, or just after the new crop of seed is ready. It is a crop that pays well on farms where large numbers of stock are kept, and it is a very important one. Many failures are due to the weeds, which get possession of the ground when the plants are very small, and entail more labor than the farmer is willing to bestow, as both hand-weeding and hoeing are necessary. Much of this labor can be avoided by a proper preparation of the soil. It is beet to plow the land for turnips, now and then broadcast well-rotten manure over it, which should be incorporated with the soil by harrowing the plot weil. This gives the seeds of weeds time to sprout, when the plot should be gone over with the cultivator and again harrowed. Weeds will again come up, but another cultivating and harrowing about the time the turnip seed is put in will greatly reduce the number of weeds, and the frequent working of the soil will put it in excellent condition for the crop. To have the crop grow from the start and escape the weeds the preparation of the soil should never be postponed until time for seeding. The rutabagas are the favorites for a general crop, as they yield largely and are good winter keepers. Lay the rows straight with a marker, with room between them for the use of a horse, hoe or light cultivator. The seed can be put in more regularly with a seed-drill than by hand, and should be in clusters, far enough apart to admit of hoeing between the clusters. The object of dropping the seed in clusters is to allow for the dants that may be destroyed by the fly. It may happen that thinning the plants out will be necessary, which, however, is better than running the risk of but few plants. Plenty of seed should, therefore, be used. After the plants are well up, and parsed the tender 6tage, the crop can be easily cultivated with one horse, provided a good hoeing is lirst given the rows. Turnips are grown eo quickly and so late in the season that thev are almost a 6ure crop when many others fail. The yield is very large, and their keeping qualities are excellent. Though largely composed of water, with a nutritive value low compared with grain and hay, yet their succulence and bulk, in the winter season, fdace them high in the list of foods, as afording an agreeable change from the dry food of winter, and when fed in connection with grain the combination gives better results than when grain or turnips .re fed separately. The' can be kept in pits outside the burn, but it is better to store them in the barn cellar for convenience of access in very cold weather. tteaten at Its Own Game. There is a great deal of satisfaction, pays the Pittsburg Dhpatch, in noticingthat the convention of farmers' alliances which met in Birmingham, Ala., not only brought the jute-bapging combination to terms, but left it knocked clear out of the ring. The organizations of cotton raisers decided to purchase t,000,000 yards of cotton bagging, simply for the crop of three states. When this decision was pending the jute-bagging combine iüade' proposals to reduce the prices; but the farmers properly refused any further dealings with the men who had fully displayed their disposition to extort high prices when they can. The new material for covering cotton bales will, it is said on good authority, absorb 125,000 bales of the cotton supply, and it is so much superior to jute-bagging that it will save nearly one-fourth of its entire cost by the decrease of insurance. The loss of the market for 6,000.000 yards of its out-put will put the backing combine in just about the same position as the copper syndicate when it commenced to go to pieces; and the fact that this diversion of the trade will probably be doubled by the purchases of other cotton-raising states, makes it only a question of time when that combination will tumble into ruin. This is the legitimate result of its policy of conspiracy and extortion. Hardly any more satisfactory or salutary outcome of that policy can be imagined than the loss of the market and the destruction of their trade which the schemers have brought upon themselves. Durable and Krilllant Whitewash. There is nothing so beneficial to the apFearance of a farm as a little whitewash, lere is a durable and brilliant whitewash : One-half bushel of good lime, live pounds rock salt, dissolved, one-half pound whiting, four pounds ground rice, boiled to a thin paste, one-half pound clean grease. Slack the lime in a tight box or barrel with hot water, keeping the box covered that the steam may not escape. It can le tinted if desired. Slack to the consistency of thick cream. Thin it when used, so that it will flow freely from the brush. If I ut on too thick it will flake olf more or ess when dried. The above is for outside work. For indoor, slack the lime as above, omitting the salt, grease and rice. Instead of thinning the creamy solution w ith water use skim milk. A Quail Farm. A new enterprise is to be inaugurated on the Platte, a few miles below Denver. A Mr. Halch of Long Island has purchased twenty acres of land adjoining the Broadwell place, and will establish a quailbreeding farm. So 60on as properly fenced and secured from the approach of coyotes and hawks he will place a few thousand birds, that he is now having gathered in Iowa and Missouri, in this inclosure with reference to breeding them for the market. The enterprise is a novel one, but we can see no reason why it should not pay as well, and possibly better, than chickenraising. Indiana farmers should take the hint from the foregoing. Another Fest. The Tulare Times has discovered a new grape pest. According to that journal this worm feeds on the vines at night only. On the appearance of the sun it falls to the ground and burrows in the earth until the reapproach of evening. Tho Times asserts that as many as 200 of these worms have been found on one vine, and that they bad stripped it of all sprouts and grapes in process of formation. - This new enemy to the viticultural industry is of recent appearance, but promises to be exceedingly destructive. It is said to bear a slight resemblance to the army worm. Farm Notes For June. ' Clapp's Favorite makes an earlier and stronger growth than the Bartlett pear. . Hogs that are turned on clover should be "ringed" if you do not wish the ground rooted np. One advantage in pedigree-is that yon can avoid in-breeding. If you do not know tha Sedieret of an animal you know nothing of its reeding or individual characteristics. The ground for late potatoes should be prepared now. A clover sod is an excellent location for potatoes. I'low well and work the soil with a pulverizer. Make frames of some kind for the tomato plant. One of the difficulties with them is that the branches fall to the ground when loaded with frint. If supports are riven the air and

sunlight will enter, the fruit ripen better, and cultivation can be given more easily. Cool nights are not favorable to corn and tender veeetables, but the ground can be kept warm if pood cultivation is given and the weeds destroyed. It is claimed that one pound of linseed meal is enual to ten pounds of hay. Keine a cooked food it is easily digested, is safe to use, and cheap compared with its value as food. The bees can not work on red clover, but they will store up large quantities of honey from white clover, buckwheat and late flowers. Continued rains will retard the honey product. It is better to allow fat hens to set than to attempt to prevent them from incubating. If allowed to stay on the nest nntil they lose flesh they will lay better than if "broken up" from setting. As yet the Wilson blackberry holds the lead, although it is attacked every year by parasites, the wood enlarging and false blossoms forming. Its attractive market appearance makes it a favorite. A bushel of corn is worth nearly three bashels of oats for fattening hogs or other stock, but oats make better food, owing to the larger proportion of nitrogen and mineral matter contained therein. Sweet potatoes should be cultivated well until they begin to run. They will not thrive if the weather is very wet, and the more air and heat admitted to the roots the better, so as to give them an early start. Taking care of the tools and implements is one of the best modes of economizing on the farm. The value of the tools annually depreciated from lack of cleaning, oiling, and exposure to weather, is enormous. Some varieties of peaches will not. do well even when other kinds grow vigorously. Troth's Early is difficult to grow on light soil, while Stump and the late and early Crawfords seem to thrive wonderfully. Experiments by the New York dairy commission show that oleomargarine will not dissolve and digest in the human stomach in its natural and ordinary temperature, and it is, therefore, an unprofitable substance as food. Frequent churning is better than retaining the cream from separate milkings, as mixture of cream of different ages is usually the cause of poor butter. The best butter is made by churning the cream as soon as it is ready. It has been demonstrated that horses can be fed on ensilace with advantage, aud that where they are not required to do Benice, at-- in winter, an allowance of thirty pounds of ensilage per day will keep horses in good condition. A good appetite indicates good health. It is no disadvantage to have an animal that is a heavy feeder. !-uch an animal usually produces proportionately to the quantity consumed, fhe food is simply the material to be converted into products. Whenever a crust forms on the snrfaceof the ground break up the soil with a cultivator. A hard crust prevents absorption of moiütureand allows the rain from quick 6howers to flow oft' to some extent. It also prevents a complete appropriation of the plant food nearer the surface. It will pay to again put a heaping nhovelful of fine manure around each hill of lima beans. It is just when the beans are filling out the pods that the heaviest drain is made on the soil for plant food, and the manure given now will be in proper condition when the harvesting season arrives. Before sending new potatoes to market it will pay to carefully assort them. It is not the large potatoes that always bring the highest price, but those of uniform mzb. When large and 6mall potatoes are mixed the small ones lessen the value of the larger, and atlect the price of the whole. A subscriber asks where he can see a flock of chickens to the number of 5,(110. There is no flock of adult fowls so large in the United States, but there are a larce number of broiler farms, with capacity of from 1.000 to 6,000, at 1 lammonton. N.J. Hatching is cowover until November. Incubators and brooders are used entirely. Cut the hay just as the seed-heads begin to form. If the seed is allowed to mature aud become dry the plant will be robbed of its nutritive matter by the seeds. By cutting the grass before the heads form the material intended for the formation of seed is arrested ia the stalks, and the hay will be more valuable. Hauling out fresh manure for crops that are to be planted on the manure ia unwise. Before the plants can derive benefit from the mauure it must first decompose in the soil and its elements dissolved by the rains. Well-rotted, decomposed manure is always the best for any crop. It the manure is undecomposed it will not become available as plant food to its fnllest extent until the next season. The more litter in the manure the slower the process of decomposition. Household Hints About Eggs. Good Houe-Keeping. Egd stains can be easily removed from silver by rubbiug with a wet rag dipped in table salt. Sort out the little egcrs and keep them for settling coflee, using the larger ones lor cake. When making frosting in warm weather set the whites of eggs on ice lor a short time before using. If the ecirs you have to use for frosting are not quite as fresh as you could desire, a pinch of salt will m?.ke them beat stiller. The white of an ectr, an equal quantity of cold water and confectioners' sugar triple "X sufiicient to make it the required consistency, makes a frosting which is very nice, and, as it requires no beating, is very easily made. KggsRre valuable remedies for burns, and may be used in the following ways: The white of the egg simply ued as a varnish to exclude the air; or, the white beaten up for a long time with a tableepoonful of fresh lard till a little water separates; or, an excellent remedy is the mixture of the yelk of egg with glycerine, equal parts; put in a bottle and cork tightly; shake before using; will keep for some time in a cool place. For inflamed eyes or eyelids use the white of an erg beaten up to a froth with two tablespoonfuls of rose water. Apply on a fine rag, changing as it grows dry; or, stir two drams of powdered alum into the beaten whites of two eggs till a coagulum is formed. Place between a fold of a soft linen rag and apply. For a boil, take the skin of a boiled egg, moisten it and apply. It will draw off the matter and relieve the soreness in a few hours. Children with weak eyes, sore ears, or any form of scrofula, cured by AVer's Sarsaparilla. Men and women prematurely gray and whose hair was falling are enthusiastio in praising Hall's Hair Renewer for restoring the color and preventing baldness.

Consumption Surely Cured. To the Editor Flease inform your readers that I have a positive remedy for the above named disease, liy its timely use thousands of hopeless cases have been permanently cured. I shall be glad to send two bottles of my remedy FREE to any of your readers who have consumption if the will send me their express and P. O. address. Respectfully, T. A. Sloccm, M. C, 181 Pearl-sL.Xew York. Dr. Ilenlej's True InTigorator. Digestion of food facilitated by taking Dr. Henley's Celery, Beef and Iron. It gives tone to the stomach, and aids nature. Trice, f 1. Bcecham's pills act like magic on a weak stomach. A7" TO 1250 A MONTH CAN BE MADE WORKI J ing for os. Agents preferred who can furnish a horse and give their whole time to the business. Spare moments may be profitably eniplored also. A few vacancies in towns and cities. B. F. Johnson & Co., 1009 Main-t-i Hichmond, Va. N. B. Ladies eraployed also. Never mind about sending stamp for reply. Come quick. Yours for blx, B. F. J. A Co. (Only Reliable) TfiUSY PILLS. rf, frntnptHnta2al. Th. wVml umA ml. renin Wvmtm '. AatartMl. ffWlKnj.n IIB WOT tf mifll. 3 tins, r if , h, Z tp. (.W, hf Matt .UIOH IHM), if Sa im T, CAlUA vniiun MTU WANTED to learn' YUUftU m t li Mlunl.ons fiimis qualified. C-t of '-iiriiinr. low. 1'articii WANTED to learn Telegraphy. man pa tw(.n as . : l m Xualineu. li ci i''iniiuir. i"w. l aniuuiui' irw. ddres VALJäNTlJiü Uli OS., Janeaville, Wis. TURKISH HAIR CROWER. Waxrai-.! w zr.w a hswwnf ui stwstacM ot Um afnnap fMt) 9r bsuraa baid Ldj. viiu lawrj.m A . irMt) rtnnkU tfat MJwtt. Bevtvr f wtifnJ:ltv in'!. rf.. et WEAK MEN'S ISTANT RELIEF. -uialcuraiu laiujfa:id never returns, bunerers from ti Tivf of Tnuthfnl errors, esrlv deoa. )ot msnhnod. etc, will learn of a simple remedy rss by addressing C J. MASON. Post Office Box 31J J. ew V ort. (P"TTT?Tf T take rharre of onVi otMe of LOCAL MflNAiiLhllsrvecitttv. I'crnststillls WANTED. I worth 1 400 a year. Nocaqrss. BMMaMlinnor ped.llinir. Apply hy letter to 4. I ll.rUL. B, tMs, lui'r, SSt 3aia Ou, OulBaatl. U. IffiBCFHT? sample? rntm , 1 19 A d C N I 0 bot h V. 1 rite no irfUaM. SCO a T.N tw York Ctr

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for Infants and Children. I "Caetorta is so well adapted to children that I Castorf cores CoUe, Con.MrJon. recommend it a superior to any preeenpuoa I p0Tjr stomach. Diarrhoea, Enictation. known- to me." IL A. Abcheh, 21. D., I Worras Clvea P. promote CI111 Co. Oxford St, Brooklyn, 5. y Without üurioua medic&üoa. Thk CestaCB CoirrajfT, 77 Murray Street, !T. T

freT-v3- JeT-' The same firm which 31 years ago completely revolutionized the Threshing Machine trade by inventing a new Threshing Machine, much better than any machine before knoxrn, so that all builders of the oldstyle Threshing Machines Btopped making them and copied the new machine as closely as they dared have now made another advance, and in their New Vibrator present a Threshing Machine containing entirely new features in separation and cleaning, which place it as far ahead of any other as the old Vibrator waa ahead of the "Endless Apron" machines. Every Farmer and Threshcrman should at once get full information regarding the HEVi VIBRATOR, which will be sent Free on application to THE NEW VIBRATOR. THE NEW VIBRATOR, THE NEW VIBRATOR. THE NEW VIBRATOR. THE NEW VIBRATOR. THE NEW VIBRATOR. THE NEW VIBRATOR. pr.OBATE CAUSE No. 1,317. John W. Schmidt, administrator of enrate of Thomas II. Carroll, deceased, ts. .Michael Carroll, Walu-r W. Carroll. In the Cirruit Court of Marion county, Indiana. September Term, l-fj. To Michael Carroll. Waltor W. Carroll, Il.-nrr 15. Carroll. Michael Lnooard, Matthew Leonard. Ilose Leonard, Margaret Leonard, Frank Leonard, Tiio'iias Leonard, Julia Leonard, Minnio r-tarwald, William Sturwaid her husband, Addison Bvhee and J alius F. Pratt. You are severally hereby notified that the aMve named petitioner, a administrator of the estate aforesaid, has liled in the Circuit Court of Marion county, Indiana, a petition making you delendants thereto, and praying therein for an order and decree of said court, authorizing the ale of certain real estate bclonping to the estate ot paid decedent, and in said petition described, to make aiwets for the payment of the debt and liabilities of said estate; and that said petition, so tiled and pending, is set for hearing in said Circuit Court at the Court House in Indianapolis, Indiana, on the nrt judicial day of the Septcnil-er term, 18S9, of said court, the same being the 2d day of isepteniber, 1S.-:. Witness, tho Clerk and seal of eaid court, this 2"th day of May, li80. JOHN R. WILSON, Clerk. John E. Scott, Ayres, Brown ii Harvev, Attorneys. 29-3t N TOTICE TO IIEIRS, CREDITORS. Et. In the matter of the etat of Jacob P. Hadler. deceased. In the Marion Circuit Court, Mar term. 19. Notice ia hereby (riven that John V. Stanton as xecutor of the estate of Jacob P. lladlor, deceased, hin presented and fiK-d his account and Touchers in final settlement of said estate, and that the same will come up for examination and action of said Circuit Court on th Kth day of June, lh?, at which time all heirs, creditors or legatees of said estate are required to apjx-ar in said court and show caase.it any there be, whr said account and Touchers should not be approved. And tho heirs of said estate are also hereby required at the time and place aforesaid, to appear and make proof of their heirship. JOHN F. STANTON, 29-St Executor. "OTICE TO 1IEIKS, CREDITORS, ETC. In the matter of the estate of Lewis Darnell, deceased. In the Marion Circuit Court, Mar term, 1S9. Notice Is hereby piven that AdoIiuI)arnell, as administratrix 01 the estate of Lewis Darnell, deceased, has presented and filed her account and Touchers in final settlement of said estate, and that the same will come up for examination and action of said Circuit Court on the 8th day of June, 1SM, at which time all heirs, creditors or legatees of said estate are required to appear in said court and show cause, if any there be, why said account and vouchers should not be approved. And the heirs of said estate are also hereby required at the time and place Aforesaid to apenr and make proof of their heirship. ADOLINE DARNELL, Executor. Harding Jt Hovey. Attorneys. 2i-r.t JOTICE OF APPOINTMENT. Notice is hereby given that the undersigned has duly qualified as administrator of the estate of Edmund Moore, lato of Marion connty. Indiana, deceased. Said estate is suprosed to be solvent. 2V-ot FRED. C. KAHLE, Admr. JTOTICE OF APPOINTMENT. Notice is hereby given that the undersigned has duly qualified as executor of tho estate of Sarah F. Holbrook, late of Marion county, Indiana, deceased. Said estate is supposed be solveut. HARRY F. KAHLE, Executor. Stevenson & Stevenson, Attorneys. 29-st ASTHMA GUEEM SCHIFFHANN'S ASTHMA CUREi Instantly relieve the most violent attack. No 1 waltln for reult. Its action is irn.-nedi- S ata, direct and carta in. and eure is the wilt Fj in all fnrnlila ohm A single tritt ronv-rnoM ee the most skeptical, rrice .SOr. and I .() u of 1 drnryiHts or by mil Trial psrVie to any kl ad1r. r.H.MHirMt,U f til, SHs.r I SALESMEN We wish a few men to sell onr goods by sample to the wholesale and retail trade. Largest manufacturers In onr line. Inclose 2-cent stamp. Wapes 3 per day. Permanent position. No postals answered. Monev advanced for wajes. advertising-, etc. Centennial Manufacturing Co., Cincinnstt, O. Adr. 17-31 DETI WaatH la er chio!t. f'.nwJrn in t-i c1" !asrictiss. . htstiT fii?rt Hrvi". ff.rv'10. tirTr. rM i. PS trinna.ielclitiufauCo.44Aread,Cinclnna'ii,0.

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.v.ivrv 4b tm mm 4HACOUAINTEO WITH THE CEOGRAPMY OW THf COUMTftr Wit OBTAIN MUCH INFORMATION FROM Ä 9TU3V OF THtt tA OF T ' 1 wnuth.-)' r GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE C, R. I. & P. and C, K. & K. Ets.) VTest, Northwest and South-wrest. It tncJid CHICAGO. JCL1I;T, BOCK ISLATTD. DAVT.N--POKT, DE3 MOrVES. COOKCIL PLÜ7F8, WA-V 5tjitov;n. eioux falls, hhtnjtzapcjlis, i T. PACT ET. JOJEPH. ATCHTSCN. LEAVTN-. IWOPTH. KAN843 CITY. TOPEKA, COLÜEADO SPRINGS. UEIiVER. PtJEBLO. and hundred of prosperous cities and towns tra verein grutoreu of the richest farming lands In tho weit. SOLID VESTIBULE EXPRESS TRÄISS; Lending- nü comrwtitcra In eplraior nd rttxnrv cf nccotr5n:oda.;oc3 (daily) betvren CHICAGO ar.d COX.Cr.AEO SPRINGS. 1)5.: VEX and PTJKBLO. Bixrilrv masmif.cent Vl.STIBCLE TKAIt, crvice (iajlv) lHtW9tn CHICAGO end COtTNCXL. BLUTF3 (OMAHA, and between CHICAGO and KAN'äiS CITY. Modern Day Coechea, eUvtwV Emiutr Corn (ser-viai delicious rceaia at mo.i -tj prices!, restful Kociinlnf? Ci-aJ- Cars (eeata FBELll end P.iIjco El-oay Cars, Tlie direct Uno ta NELSON. KOIITOIJ. TTTjTCHTNSOIf', WICHITA AEILrNZ, CALD WILL, and ail poiata ta Sontfe. era Nebraska. Kausai. Colorado, tna Indian Territory and Texas. California Kxcursjcn daily, . Choice of routes to U10 Pacific coaat. Tho Famous Albert Lea Route Buns euprtily ein?TJ7ed E a pi ess Trains. daQy between Chicago. St. Joseph, Atchison, iesm worth., Tl&nsas City, and Xtiinneapolia anl ' Paul. The popular tourigt lice to the scenic 1 esorf and hunting and fishing grounds of the north m ml Jt3 i at3rtown eici Sioux FaUe branch tnwW tha rroat "WHEAT AKT) DAIET BELT" cf Korthom Iowa. Southwestern minneaota and San Centre! Dakota. ' The Short Line via Seneca and Kankake orra). facilities to travel to and from Indianapolis, C2n einnatl and other Southern points. ' For Tickets, Mar. Folders, or fleelred Inform tlon, apply at any Coupon Ticket OSce. or address E.ST. JOHN, E. A. HOLBROOK,: Genl ilaafvffer. Geal Tkt. & Pass. AjrU CHZCAOO. TXZ 1 GRATEFUL CO.V.FORTINQ. EPPS'S COCOA. BREAKFAST. "By s thorough knowledge of the natural 1at which govern the operations of duration and nutrition, aud by a careful application of the fine proper ties of well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Enps baa provided our breakfast tables with a delicately flavored bevorape which may save us many heavy doctors bills, (t ii by the judicious use of such articles of diet that a J conbtitulion may be gradually built up until gtroof enouga to resist every tendency to disease Hundreds of subtle maladies are floating around us re J v to attack wherever there is a weak point. We may escae many a Iual stiait by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood and a proper' noarishei ' frame." Civil bervicc tiarette. Made simply with boiling water or milk. Soli only in half-pound tins, by trocers, labelled thus; JAM1-S tPW A CO., Homoeopathic Chemists, London. n;!ani. CATAT2R rl ELY'S Cream Balm 'v i For months I Buffered, from s very severe coli in the head. Ely's Cream Halm has wortd like magic in its curs after one week's us, t I Mwv-SmC 2' 1 has done for me.-sim. fc.V"-vr u.TULloel J. Harris (WholerVvtw t p t r" E&le timcer.', 119 Iron HAjf"EVEFx "reel, hew York. A particle is applied into each nosiril and Is arrea-. able. Price 50 cents at Lrairirist ; bv mail, registered, 60 cents. ELY ÜUÜTULKS, 66 W arrea street, Hs w York. JHOBATE CAUSE NO. James Broden, administrator of ette of Feff Kaughton, deceased, vs. Patrick Naufrbton et al. In the Circuit Court of Marion County, Indians. ', September term, 18i. 1 To Patrick Nauehton, Charles E. Reynolds, guardian of said ('-.trick Nauuhton, s person of unsound mind; Julia Mcirail and Andrew MeiVrail, ber hus band; KiHna liiinsand John Iliggins. her husband; Eliza Saul, Catharine Heese, a widow; tba Skiiith Meridian Savinis and Loan Association. J You are severally hereby notified that the abova named petitioner as administrator of the estate afore j said, has hied In the Circnit Court of Marion County, 1 Indiana, a petition making you defendants thereto, and praying therein for an order and decree of said Court, suthorizinif the sale of certain real sta'a belonging to the estate of said deceden, and In said petition described, to make as-H-ts for the payment of the debts and liabilities of said estate; and that said petition, so filed and pending, is set for hearing in said Circuit Court at the Court House in Indianapolis. Indians, on the first judicial day of the September term, lSl'.i, ot said court, the same being tha 2d dnv of September, l&-:). Witness the Clerk and seal of said court, this 1st day of June, InsX JOHN R. WILSOIf, Clerk. , Winter A Dam, Attorneys. 5'A SOLID' öTEEL FENCE ! 13 Cts. per Foot, material S feet wid. Aik(itd for Residences, Churches. Cemeteries, Farms, Cardens. Ac. ATI needing- Fences. liMs. Arbors. Window Ooara. Trellises, etc., write for our illns. price art. maiWl free. THE NEWEST THIHC AND THE BEST, tiatral F.itnW rtalCs. I I. W, FtDu4'4 IXalC. Pitts&urfh. I Chicago. St. Lost Expanded Ztal Co. Pt. Losii. AGENTS WANTED. W."; TOI2M1A MONTH CAN BE MADE WOREIN I J torus. Anents preferred who csn furnish a horse and give their whole time to the bnsiuess. 8psr moments may be profitably employed also. A few vs. cancies in towns and cities. H. F. Johnson ft Co.. 1009 MaSn-st., lt;cl.mond. Va. X. B. Lsdiee emr-lorcd also. Jiever prn.l about sendinr tmp tor reply. Come quick. Yours for bis, B. F. J. A Co. FAPMS f'T sale in the West. Write Booher 4. Williams, bavannah. Mo., for Ut of farms for sale in northwest Missouri, the garden spot of the world. Good laud well improved at low price. 23-l: fTben 1 sv care 1 di nnt man merely to stop thecs for a time and timn have litem return ors'ri. Inxon rs ) iral cur. 1 hure mad t ia d.u-u of iTTS, kt ILKPs-T er FA1.LINU slt'KMS a life-loo etu.Sr. I srarrae Sir iwmvdj to rar t hn worrt rase. iscaus others r . -fixed is to rwon 1'W not now rwcHvin cur. 8-nl st cor for a treatise and s Free F.otUeof mirtsii'h remetlr. Cht Kirra-s n i Pot Oft'. II. ü. UWT, 31. Ci IS9 larl tM.. Kw Trlu

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