Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 35, Number 17, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 June 1889 — Page 4

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 1889.

INDIANA STATE SENTINEL

lEntereä at tha Poatoflce t Indianapolis at second (Um matter. 1 TERMS PER TEARi Single, copy (InrariaWy la Adn.)..........l K Wouk democrats to bear in mind and select their vi state paper when they come to take ubcrlpainand make up clubs. ' Agent making op clubs send for inr information desired. Addew THE INDIAN A IX)L1S SENTINEL Indianapolis, lnd. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12. The Sentinel u-ill receive and forward e'onlributionsfor the benefit of the 9,000 people of Clay county who are in dent itut ion. Indianapolis thoiihl give freeig and generously to thir relief. The are our own peojrfe mostly nood, industrious citizens who are redwtd to icant tliroigh no fault of their own. Let no one forget that vvmen and little children in Clay county areare toace with starration ; that more than fee thousantl persons hae n food except auch as is doled out to them by charily, and that there is no prospect of an teirly improvement in their situntion. Every person who reads there lines thoidd give tomtthing for these unfortunates and give it quickly. It will tale a gxl deal of money to carry them through thtir trouble. Ist there be a prrmpt and gerterous response to the appeals in 'heir behalf. The Clay Connty Sufl'erer. We wish every reader of The Sentinel could have heard the statements made Friday evening at the criminal court room bySenator Jh'RP of Brazil as to the condition of the striking miners of Clay county and their families. They number, in all, 0,000 fouls, of whom over o.ixX) are totally destitute--dependent upon charity for th-ir daily fod. When it is known hit these miners have not leen able, for the pat twenty months, to arn more than ?" a week, tbeir failure to have accumulated anything e?3in?t a "'rainy day'Vannot be attributed to mir lack of thrift or industry. The inly wonder is that there are any among the m possessing even the most meaner reources to draw upon in their dire extremity. It should be understood that these men did not enter upon the strike thoughtlessly or inconsiderately; that before doing bo thy made every eöbrt to obtain a fair accommodation of their differences with the operators ; that they offered to submit si! the questions at issue to arbitration, which the operators declined; and that at the wages now tendered them their earnings would range between $2.50 and ST.."" per week sums so pitiful that th bare mention of them in such a connection moves every honest heart to feelings of indignation. There is no prospect of an early resumption of work. The miners are unable to leave Clay county to seek employment elsewhere. They are, as a rule, in debt; they have no money to go away with; and there is really no place for them to go. They are, in short, absolutely helpless. The operators expect, and not without pood reason, to starve them into submission. They will succeed in doing this unless an enlightened and humane public opinion compels them to abandon their program rf heartlesness and greed. The condition of affairs in Clay county is a terrible indictment of our social and industrial system. It is a disgrace to our civilization. It is a reproach to our Christianity. It is monstrous that any A mer jean citizen, able and willing to work, should be unable, by the hardest kind of toil, to secure for himself and his family the necessaries and comfortB of life. The men who offer the miners the miserable pittance mentioned are millionaires. They have made great fortunes in Clay county. They dwell in palaces in Chicago, and enjoy all the luxuries of lif The splendor with which they are mirronnded is in startling contrast to the t qualor and poverty of their fellow-beings at the mine?. At Friday nifirht' roeetinr a comrnitttee rougistinj of the liev. 0?car McCcuocii, and Messrs. "N". P. Fisiiback, D. P. Toktfk, TV. D. Bvntm and L. V. Cister wm appointed to take steps toward the ! organization of a systematic relief movement in Indianapolis. The committee will make an appeal to the people of this city and (state, and endeavor to devise ways and means to save the Clay county unfortunates from actual starvation. "We bespeak the hearty co-operation of the good people of this city and state in the committee's efforts. Indiana can not afford to allow one of her own counties to continue the scene of such misery and affering as are to be witnessed on every hand to-day in the county of Clay. The Disposal of the Dead. A movement has been instituted in the Jlast looking to the introduction of a new or rather the revival of a very old system of disposing of the dead. It contemplate the erection of gTeat mausoleums in the large cities, and smaller ones in less j-opulous centers, where the dead bodies will undergo a process of dessication, which will prevent decomposition, and preserve the form and features of the dead for an indefinite period. A few evenings iince the mausoleum project was Bet forth in detail by the Rev. Charles Ii. Treat, rector of the church of the Archangel, New York, before an audience of representative New Yorkers at the academy of medicine in that city. The 8e5tinX has received a handsomely printed and illustrated pamphlet entitled, ''The New Mausoleum," in which tho arguments in favor of this method of disposing of the dead and against interment and cremation are very forcibly stated. The objections to burying the dead are numerous and weighty. They are both sdentific and ' sentimental. Crowded cemeteries in or near a denso population

are prolific causes of disease, and often sources of fearful epidemics.' The wholo weight of medical and sanitary authority is to this effect.. The consignment of a human body to the earth to putrefy perhaps to become the spoil of ghouls, or possibly to revive and suffer the pangs of the most horrible death imaginable. is revolting to our finer instincts. To many minds cremation, although it is free from the banitary objections which lio against burial, is even more revolting, and tho bare suggestion of it is intolerable. It is objectionable, too, because it involves the almost complete destruction of tho body, including, of course, any arsenical or organic poison that it may contain. According to Sir Henry Thomson, "some medical men of large experience hold the opinion that the administration of poison causing death is not so uncommon as the infrequent discovery of the act might be held to indicate." He expresses the fear that tho general employment of cremation might lead to an epidemic of secret poisoning, and in a report of the Massachusetts board of health it is said that "the furnace stands to the murderer, in the relation of accessory after the fact." It is claimed for the "new system" that it "solves the problem of tho disposition of the dead, combining all the advantages of burial and cremation without any of their disadvantages;" that it "is eminently sanitary ;" that it "quickly restores to tho atmosphere the elements which are needed by vegetation for its own subsistence ;" that it "preserves the form and particularly the features of the dead for an indefinite period of time;" that it "takes from the last ceremonies all revolting features;" that it "enables friends to participate in the funeral rites without detriment to their own health;" that it "makes it imposrdble to steal tho dead that it "provides constant evidence that premature entombment has not occurred ;" that it "is more, economical than burial or cremation ;" that it "Joes not disturb in the slightest degree tho traditions of religion;" that it does not destroy evidence of secret homicidal crime;" that it " preserves the form and features of the dead for all time." Many of the leading physicians ami divines of the llast are on record in favor of this project. A company has been organised in New York for the purpose of building mausoleums throughout the country. Arrangements have already been made for their erection in Washing

ton, New Orleans and other cities. Tho scheme is ho novel, and it seems to be so practicable and advantageous, that we are entirely willing to forego its commercial aspects and invite public attention to it through our editorial columns. llovcy vs. the Constitution. A remarkable communication signed "Justice," intended to bolster up (Jov. IIovf.y in his alterant to play dictator, appeared in the Journal of Tuesday. It is remarkable for the fact that, although it fills nearly a column, it pays nothing of any real pertinency to the issue involved in the controversy precipitated by Gov. IIovf.y. "Justice" quotes Judges Olds, Mitchkm, Cofvf.y and Rerkmurk to the effect that the power to make appointments to office is an executive function. So it is, generally 6pcaking; yet it is a function that is not strictly confined, cither in our state or national government, to executive offices. Judicial officers make appointments in certain cases, and the legislature has made the appointments to various offices ever since Indiana was a state. Its power to do this is expressly conferred by the constitution, and had never been questioned by the executive cr judicial departments until the advent ofliovnv. Art. Iii, sec. 1 of the constitution says: The powers of the frovemruent are divided into three separate departments tlie legislative, the executive, including the administrative, aii-1 the jmlir'ial and no prrton charjreil with olhcial duties nnüVr one of these fie partmenta shall exercise any of the functions of another, trced at in this eonttit'Uion erprc.ly prove-tel. The word perton obviously docs not refer to tho general assembly. A legislature is never referred to a a persoii or "individual." In tho original constitution (110) was this provision: The powers of the government of Indiana shall be divided into three distinct department? and each of them be confided to a separate body of magistracy, to-wit: thoe which are legislative, to one; those which are executive, io another; and those which are judicial, to another; and no person vr collection of per tons, being of one of these departments shall exercise any power properly attached to either of the others, except in the instance herein expreß y permitted. (Art. 2.) The Fame constitution, defining the powers and duties of the executive, said: He shall Dominate, and, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, appoint and tommisiilon all officers, the appni nfmeiit of itAjVA m not ulherteisc directed by thin constitution; and ah ofHces which may he created by the general assembly hall hejiied in tnch manner at may be directed f,y Inf. (Art. iv, sec. 8.) Vacancies that may happen in offices, the appuimmeut of which is vested in the governor and senate, or in the general assembly, shall be filled by the governor during the recess of the general aemhly by granting commissions that rhall expire at the end of the next session. (An. iv, sec. C.) The same constitution provided for the election of the treasurer, secretary and auditor of state and presidents of the circuit court by the general assembly ; and for ths appointment of clerk of the supreme court by that tribunal. It will be seen that the old constitution divided the appointing power (although generally speaking an executive function) among the three departments of the government, expressly conferring it as to several offices uton the general assembly, and providing that as to all offices created by statute it should be exercised 'a tush winner os directed ly lair. Under this constitution the legislature, without challenge from any quarter, regularly appointed trustees of tho benevolent institutions, ani filled various other offices; and when the people came to frame a now constitution they, in the light of the practical exposition which .tho language of art. ii had received, and by which it must be interpreted, put it in the new instrument w ithout material change excepting that the words "no collection of persons" were omitted from the inhibitory clause. Again they provided (art. xr, sec. 1) that "all officer. whoso appointments are not otherwise provided for in this constitution shall be chosen in such niar.ner as now i, or hereafter may be, prescribed by late." In art iv, sec. 30, they provided that "no senator or representative shall, daring the . term for which may have been elected, bo eligible to any office, the election of which is vested in the eßeraJ ateembly," and in art. v, sec.

18, that "when during a recess of the general assembly, a vacancy shall happen in any office, the appointment to which is vested in the general aenemb'y, the governor shall fill such vacancy by appointment," etc Surely, if language has any force or meaning, the power of the general assembly to fill any 6tatutory office, in its discretion, is beyond question. "Practical exposition" aside, there is absolutely no other interpretation to be put upon the language of the constitution. Any other construction of the plain terms of that instrument would outrage common sense. If language has any' exact signifi

cance, there is no more doubt of the apointing power of the legis lature within the limits indicated than of its right to exercise any other power conferred upon it by the constitu tion. And when it is considered that the uniform authority of practical exposition throughout the wholo history of the state, under both constitutions, is in harmony with the only natural and rational read ings of those instruments, the utter ab surdity of Gov. Ilovr.v's contention and of "Justice's" quibbles becomes so mani fest that it is dihVult to regard them with any degree of patience. How the "Huns" Ciot Here. The miserable "Huns" who have- been illustrating tho lowest jossibilities of human nature, by robbing tho dead bodies of the victims of the Conemaugh diearter, were imported by protected manufacturers and mining operators to take the places of American working men, for whose benefit tho tariff is supposed to exist. These imported laborers are but little above animals in point of intelligence. They are ignorant, de graded, filthy creatures, who can live and save money on wages at which decent American workingmen would starve. Their condition ia one of virtual slavery. A letter written from Scrantou, Pa., to tho New York Times before the Cone maugh disaster thus describes them: Outride the s.'are and the lash in the darkest dutricta of the South hefor the civil war there has not been a more degraded class in thisconutry unce the dny.i of Colnmbu than the "Huns." They are hired out iu gangs and rtceiv whatever pay the labor-broker sees fit to give them for their work. Even their identity becomes lost. Their names are known only to themselves and to the padrone, who makes a good livelihood by securing such gangs lor inose wno want tneui on short notice. The laborers themselves are numbered for identifi cation and tho employer or the boss takes no heed whatever of their names. If be wants No. 1 he calls the number, and the man who figures under this name responds. No. 100 noes likewise, when he is called by his figurename, and so it goes. When a railroad is to be bnilt, or a piece of labor of any considerahle muRaitude is to be done, the contractors communicate with the labor-broker, who is generally a cunning Italian, and manases to tnucrzo a commission out of both sides for his services. The contractor snys he wants a hundred laborers at the same F rices as the last lot, or he may wantsoo. ealing wholesale in this way he gets them much cheaper than if he engaged them in "blocks of live" or undertook to organize the gan; himself. The labor-monger communicates witli fciie gang-master a mjou as he receives the order, and in a bhort time the pick-and-shovel brigade reports for duty. The labor-monger gets his commission from the contractor at once, and he exacts his money from the men for whom he thus obtained employment when they ?et their first month's pay. The gantr-mas-ter attends to that matter. Indeed, this is one of the principal duties for which he was selected. While this slavish system, which is little better than that abolished in the South a few years ago, is going on, intelligent American labor languishes because the "protection" railroad builders have solved the free-trade problem in toil to suit their purposes and their pockets. The Times correspondent declares that if free-trado ideas prevail in Pennsylvania in tho next national campaign, it will be because of the greed of tho monopolists, who appropriate to themselves all the profits resulting from tho protective system and discriminate against intelligent workingmen, native and naturalized, who are citizens and voters. It is impossible to compute the amount of injury which has been wrought in this country materially, morally, socially and politically by the importation of tens of thousands of laborers of the type of the brutish and degraded "Huns" who have caused decent people everywhere to blush for their species by their Satanic conduct in the Conemaugh valley. It is infamous that American workingtnen should be forced to compete in the labor market with such wretches. It becomes doubly infamous when it is remembered that these wretches are here through the agency and for the benefit of millionaires, made such by a tariff claimed to be levied for the protection of our own workingmen against the "pauper labor of Europe," and which increases the cost of everything they eat, and drink and wear. The Marion Democrat tells how one of the republican efforts at reform in the postal service came to grief: The old route agent who was on the C, & M. line, and who was removed by President Clevela'J, was reinstated by President Harnt.tox not long since, and took, his old run, while the democratic incumbent was ousted. The newly-appointed chap from Wabash made but nne trip when he threw up the sponjfe, and the democrat was asked to take charge of the mail until further developments, and will in all ' probability now retain the place permanently. People w ho use the mails are beginning to realize that "democratic incompetency" in the postal department meant prompt and correct service, and that "republican reform" means blundering and delay. The postal service, at least in this part of the country, is in a frightfully demoralized condition. The "hustlers" who have been turned loose in our city postoffice and in the postal cars running in and out of this city are making a very bad mess of it. AViiitelaw P.nio, the new minister to France, has taken the apartments of the Countess Grmmont in Paris, at an annual rent of 20,000. Reid's salary as minister is just $17,500. Diplomatic posts are rarely gien, these days, to any but very rich men, who can afford to spend two or three times the salary, and are willing to do so in return for the social distinctions and privileges theso positions confer. Our diplomatic establishment ought to be abolished. It is of no possible utility in theso days of ocean cables, railways and fa6t steamships, and serves no other purpose than to give rich American swells opportunities to "spread themselves" before the nobility and royalty of other lands. Kx-Co.vuressmax Carlos Fre.ncii has been selected to succeed the late William II. Harsum as Connecticut's representative on the national democratic committee. Mr. Fkf.xcii is one of the leading manufacturers of bis state, and is a thoroughgoing tariff reformer. In congress he was a warm supporter of the Millä bill, and

his selection to represent Connecticut on the national committee in preference to Mr. He.vkv A. Bishop, a Randall protectionist who aspired to the houor, is a gratifying indication of the progress of sound ideas on the tariff among the Connecticut democracy. Among the latest trusts is a echool-slate trust. The slate-makers do not, of course, call it a trust, but an arrangement "for the purpose of being thereby enabled to offer their goods to the trade at uniform and settled prices." The American-news company has been made tho sole agent for this trust. Its Trade, Bulletin, sent us by ono of our readers, contains the wholcsalo price list under the new deal. The two sizes of slates tnost in use are 5x7 and Sxl2. The price of the former isadvanced from 2- to 32 cents per dozen, and of the latter from 50 to 04 cents. The average advance is 28 per cent. These slate manufacturers are protected by a duty of ,10 per cent ad valorem. Rut for this duty their trust could not be maintained, and parents could get slates for their children from 25 to 30 per cent, cheaper than at present. Great is protection. JUGGLING WITH JUSTICE.

Woods Rulings in the Coy Case Contrasted With Woods' Itecent Utilities. To the F.pitor Sir: Sim Coy seems to be regarded by some, notwithstanding the pardon of the president, as an ex-convict; by others, especially his personal friends, as a martyr. To me it is totally immaterial whether ho be classed as an ex-convict or a martyr, but it is especially fitting now to recur to the state of atlairs under which ho was convicted. In doing so I do not underrate the valuable services of Tiik Sf.xtixki. iu showing the inconsistency of Judge Woods. I siiiiply follow in the lino it has marked out. and will call attention to one thing that has escaped public mention. Coy was convicted on an indictment charging a con-piracy formed for the purpose of inducing certain election officers to fail to perform a duty imposed on them by law, i. e.. to keen in their actual man ual possession certain election, or tallysheets, containing tho vote of congress men. There was no claim that the vote ot the congressman was tampered with This indictment was bas?d on a statute of the United States, which makes it a criino for an c lection oflicer to fail to perform anv duty impose-4 jy ti state statute, or for any one to in ' ..ce any election officer to fail to perform any duty imposed by an v state law. The Indiana statute provides for two tallv-shects. cc 4,710 IK. J. JSS1) pro vidos that one of the tally-sheets, to gether with the ballots, with one of the lists of voters and other papers, shall bo placed in a stout paper envelope and after being sealed in the presence of the two judges by them be delivered to the inspector, who 6hall in turn deliver to the county clerk, and on delivering to the clerk this envelope tho inspector shall make and subscribe an oath that said envelope has not been opened by any person and that no person has broken such seal or opened said envelope to his knowledge. Sec, 4,712 provides that the other tallysheet shall bo deposited with the inspector. This tally-sheet the inspector shall present to the board of canvassers. (Sec. 4.71Ö.) Nothing is said as to what he shall do with it during the time intervening between receiving it from tho judges and delivering to the board of canvassers, which shall not be later than Thursday after the election. The sheet referred to in this Fection Coy and others were indicted for conspiracy to get possession of. As the state statute does not in express terms make it a crime to induce the inspector to part with w hat is called the outside sheet, no indictment in the stato court would lie for inducing an inspector to simply part with the sheet, no alteration therein being made because under our state system only those acts are crimes which are expressly made so by statute. The question came up in the Coy habeas corpus proceedings before Justice Harlan. "Ilow was the prisoner to bo held when the statute did not say in express terms that the tally-sheet should bo kept in the actual manual possession of the inspector?" The answer of tho learned justice was that it was tho intent of the legislature that the outside tally-sheet (sec. 4,7K) should be kept, in the actual manual possession of the inspector until presented to the canvassing board, Thursday morning after the election. For this language sco in re Coy; 31, fed. rep., pp. 7U4-SO0. "Still the inquiry remains as to the intent with which the legislative department enacted these laws. In giving effect to the rule that penal statutes must le strictly construed, the court must not disregard the kindred rule that the intention of the law-maker, to be gathered from the words employed, governs in the construction of all statutes." It was said by the supreme court of the United States, speaking bv Chief Justice Marshalt (U. S., Wittberger 5, Wheat 7,fi95) that "although penal laws are to le conptrued strictly, they are not to be construed so strictly as to defeat the obvious intent of the legislature " citing other cases. Therefore, he holds: "It is inconceivable that any inspector could suppose it to be consistent with his duty to part with these papers in advance of his meeting his colleagues of the board of canvassers. They are deposited with hita a an ollicer of the law. actinz under the sanction of an oath,. The word 'deposited' implies that the deEositorv must safely keep these papers in is own custody until he surrenders them to the board whose duty it is to canvass the returns and certify to the result of the election." It is the legislative intent that controls. This opinion simplv sustained the position of .1 udgo ooas m nis cnarge io me grand jury that returned the indictment against Coy and the ethers. There Judge Woods created a constructive offense and resorted to legislative intent to sustain the indictment. But how is it now. when it comes to indicting republicans who have committed bribery and perjury by the wholesale? Judgo'Woods holds that advising bribery is not a crime, and attempting bribery is not a crime, although the statuta expressly makes them such ; and he says this, too, in construing astatute of the United States. "It is ambiguous and clumsily expressed," pays the judge. But there is no doubt about the intent of congress. In the state statute construed by Justice Harlan he 6ays the intent shall prevail, although the statute does not require actual manual custody and this, too, in the lace ot tne rule in this state that nothing is a crime except what is expressly mado so by Btatute. In the federal court the rule is that the legislative intent shall prevail. This rule Judge Woods disregards. Had he followed it. Dudlev would to-day at least be under indictment, and the recent wholesale iail delivery would not have oc curred. The motive that inspired the action of Jud;?e Woods The Sextixei. has sufficiently ventilated. I desire simply to call attention to the views of Judge Harlan and show that they are inconsistent with the alleged rpistalory views which .Tudgo Woods claims to have received from him. A Kr.rrm.iCAN Lawyer. Logansport, Juno & Hood's Sarsapnrilla is peculiar to itself and iperior to all otbor nrennrations in atreDZth. u economy and medicinal rawit.

AT THE HOLY SEPULCIIER.

JERUSALEM'S OBJECTS OF INTEREST. The Hon. William E. Knglish's Third Letter From Palestine Site ot Solomon's Temple Calvary and tho Tomb . Mosqae of Omar, Etc. Jcitt sALEM Special. The first place to which the Christian naturally turns his reverent steps after reaching Jerusalem is tho "Church of the Holy Sepulcher," for if the commonly accepted belief be true, it covers the exact spot where tho Savior of man was crucified, where His body was entombed and where on tho third day He arose before the eyes of his adoring followers. There has been much disputation as to whether this is tho truo site of Calvary, but Christianity has unhesitatingly accepted it as the place since the time of the fourth century, and the best authorities and the best obtainable testimony favor that assumption, and it is to this shrine that thousands of worshiping Christians come yearly from every land to prostrate themselves in homage and adoration. The Tiiost notable thing that strikes the visitor on entering the outer court is tho armed and uniformed Turk ish sentinel stationed at the entrance, the presence of these officials being absolutely necessary to prevent the meek and lowly followers of Christ from killing each other. Terrible combats havo taken place here in the past between the Greek, Iitin and Armenian priests and their belligerent disciples, and it is asserted that thev have even gone so far as to bribe the soldiers to perpetrate nets of oppression on each other. Such evidences of brotherly love are hardly calculated to convert tho Mos lem soldiery or impress theni with the beauties of Christian charity. It is n sa j commentary on latter Christianity that Mohammedan guards should tc necessary to prevent Christians engaging in disgraceful fights in sight of the tomb of Him who commanded "that vo lovo ono smother." The building is owned in common by these ditfering Fccts, the Greeks, Latins, Armenians, Syrians and Copts, each controlling their separate chapels, except the sepulcher itself, which is open to all alike. The Greeks have the largest and best division, white the Copts have but ouopoorly furnished littlechapel. Going from hie court into the interior of the structure tho part belonging to tho Armenians in entered where a long, flat stone, surrounded by swinging lamps, is pointed out. This is called the "Stone of Unction," being tho slab covering the stono upon which tho Savior is believed to have been laid out and anointed by Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathea, when "took they the body of Jesus and wound it in linen cloths, with the spices, as the manner of the .lews is to bury." (John xix, 40.) 'ear by, a stone in the floor, inclosed w ithin a railing, according to the priests, marks the spot where the virgin stood weeping, during the anointment. A few steps further on the central rotunda is reached, in the middle of which ßtands a email chapel which covers the holy sepulcher. This chapel is divided into two compartments, one of which the "angels' chamber" contains the stono rolled from the entrance to the tomb, and upon which the "angel of the Lord" sat; and the other is the small chamber of the sepulcher itself, which, being only sis feet sqnre, is nearly all occupied by the marblo sarcophagus of the Savior. This is covered by a marble slab, cracked through the center, that has been worn smooth by the kisses of tho numberless pilgrims who, for hundred of years have humbly prostrated themselves in adoration before it. Forty-three gold and silver lamps are suspended above it divided in ownership among the various sects, and never allowed to bo extinguished at any time, Kach of these sects take turns at reciting mass here every day. Near to the holy sepulcher are shown the tombs of Sicodemus and the good Joseph, who furnished the new tomb "hewn in stone wherein never man before was laid." ( Luke r.iii, 5:1. ) To the North a little wav a marble ring in the floor marks the alleged place where Mary Magdalene stood when Jesus, addressing her after she had arisen, said, "Woman, why weepest thou? Whom sockest thou?" (John xx, 15.) Above it a few steps is the part belonging to the Latins (Roman catholics), and here in the "chapel of the Flagellation" is kept the stono pillar called tho "column of tho scourging," to which they say Christ was bound and scourged by Pilate's orders "before he delivered Him to be cruciSVd." (Matthew xxvii, 20.) It is inclosed, in connection with the altar, and pilgrims are permitted to touch it through a hole in the wall with a peculiar stick called the "rod of Moses," which they afterward reverently kiss. In the sacristy of this chapel are kept the sword, spurs and other martial relics of the famous crusader, Godfrey of Bouillon, who conquered, the sepulcher from tho Moslem infidels. Further on to the left is a small room said to have been the "prison of Christ" previous to crucifixion, and near it two holes in the rock are called the "bonds of Christ." Then next comes the "chapel of .St Loginus,"the good centurion who. when at the foot of the cross, he saw that Jesus "so cried out and gave up the ghost, said : truly this man was the JSon God" (Mark xv, 59) ; and the "chapel pi the division of the vestments," where, "when they had crucified Him, they parted His garments, casting lots upon them what every man should take." (Mark xv, 24.) Below these a flight of steps leads to the "chapel of St. Helena," the founder of the original church here, and beneath this is the "chapel of the invention of tho cross," buit over the place where this sainted erapress, and mother of Constantine, aided by divine interposition, is alleged to have found the true cross, after a long and arduous search. On the floor above is the "chapel of the mocking," inclosing a column, upon which Jesus is believed to have sat when the crown of thorns was placed upon him, and on the opposite side is the "chapel of St. Mary," where the virgin, the two Marys and the beloved John stood when the Savior, from the cross, said, "Woman, behold thy son," and transmitted His mother to the faithful disciple's care and keeping, "and from that hour that disciple took her to his own home." (John xix, 27.) North of this stands the richest and most gorgeous part of the vhole building, that portion which belongs to the Greek church, for at the holy sepulcher, as elsewhere, that grasping organization has taken possession of tho most important and desirable sites. Here, some fifteen feet above the sepulcher proper, is their "chapel of Golgotha," covering the hill ot Calvary, where Christ was crucified. Below the altar a hole is pointed out as the place in the rock where the cross was erected, and similar holes on each side as the placesg where the crosses of the two thieves stood. The fissure in the rock is also shown, made w hen "the earth did quake and the rocks rent", at the time of the crucifixion. To descend from the sublime to the ridiculous, it is beneath this sacred spot that tradition says that Adam and ,1 t ! J tA 1 MelchizedeK were nunea, ana n was nere that Mark Twain shed those bitter tears at the tomb of his deceased relative. A close tracing of the genaological treo j

satisfies mo that he was as near of kin to me as to Mark, but I didn't weep over him, as I had become accustomed to his loss, having heard of his death several years ago, while Mr. Twain was probably apprised of it for the first time. New griefs are always much moro acute than when time has softened them. Resides when a man gets a name for robbing apple orchards, seeing snakes and getting kicked out of his last place of residence his high-toned relatives are not liable to take much interest in him. Then, too, confining himself to the appropriation of mere every-day apples, when there were no doubt "watermillions" about, is most reprehensible. Now, if it had been the festiveiwatermelon, he would have had mv most profound sympathy, for I confess to being an early convert to the doctrine that there were no vested rights in watermelons. The empty tombs of Godfrey do Bouillon and Baldwin, the Christian king of Jerusalem, are shown near that of Adam, and In this instance thero is evcrv reason to believe that they are bona "fide, but owing to the fanaticism of the Greeks because of their being Roman catholics their remains have long since been removed, no one knows whither. Slangy, irreverent scribblers would no doubt here make a weak attempt to be funny by alluding to the gallant Godfrey as being now "in the soup," the bouillon, or something of that sort, but I, at least, will not solemean myself. A column set ut in the floor of

the chapel above these graves is solemnly asserted to be the center of the earth, and the place from which the dust wa taken out of which Adam was made. There are numerous ridiculous traditions similar to this that are mixed up with those more sacred and reliable which we havo reason to believe are founded on fact, but tho most outrageous of all of them is tho claim made by the Greek prieets that on Faster eye the "sacred fire" descends from heaven into the holy sepulcher and lights the tapers that are placed there for that purpose. This flame passes out through a small crevice in the marble slab, and the thousands of Greek pilgrims that come here every year from Ru-sia and other orthodox countries to be present on that occasion struggle their way through the immense crowd in their eagerness to reach it with the small wax tapers they carry in their hands. This fire they guard most jealously, and carry it back to Russia with them as their most valued treasure. Of course it is a palpable trick on the part of tho priests who are inside, but is righteously believed in by their bigoted followers. It is greatly to the credit of the litin church that it in no way countenances this outrageous sacrilege. There is nothing more affecting than the pilgrimages made by these poor Russian peasants to tho holy land. They come by tho thousands on cheap steerage steamers, enduring tho greatest hardship and privation, and many of them are for years saving and scraping together every possible penny, and frequently in the end sacrificing all of their little worldly possessions in order to gratify this, the crowning ambition of their lives. They arrive iu great droves and crowds, and many even walk all tho way from Jaffa, hiring a donkey in common to carry their poor effects. The scenes upon their arrival at the holy sepulcher are touching in the extreme, as they prostrate themselves upon the floor, sobbing and cryingand kissing the cold stones beneath them while they crawl on their knees to the foot of the Savior's tomb. At the time of the lighting of tho sacred fire they crowd the church to suffocation and fig'it their way frantically to where it is to be obtained. Many accidents occur in these annual crushes and Curzon, the author, states thr.t ho himself saw several hundred suffocated and trampled to death as a re sult of a panic that arose among the seething mass present on Faster eve., 1834. After the holy sepulcher the next great point of interest in Jerusalem is the "haram-enh-sharif ("the noblo sanctuary") which occupies the site of the ancient temple on .Mount Moriah. Here stands the beautiful "Mosque of Omar" or "Kubbet-es-Sakkarah" (dome of the rock ), tho handsomest mosquo in existence, in my opinion, even excelling the famous St. Sophia at Constantinople. To obtain admission to this holy mosque it is necessary to apply for permission through the'Americnn consulate and tobe escorted by the "kavass" connected with that office A kavass is a sort of private body-guard attached to all consulates in the Fast and frequently to foreign private houses also. lie is alwa'S magnificently arrayed and is usually a Greek or Albanian dressed in the remarkable costume of those races. When Consul-Gen. Gilman's kavass appeared at my hotel to accompany me 1 thought I had never before beheld so gorgeous a creature. He was covered from head to foot with cold and silver braid and bright mounted pistols. Scimitars, knives and daggers bristled all over him. I felt that so magnificent and war-like a speci men could be notning less than a prince or a pasha of high degree and that I ought to prostrate myself before him and salute him in true eastern fashion, after tho manner of Ed Morris in Rice s Corsair: "Great father of the sun and mvn, Uoif do tou foci this afternoon?" Or something equally oriental and appro priate, üen iasoor intormed me tnat this ßunerior beius in all his gold and glit ter waa awaiting my orders I could hardly realize that I was, as it were, lord and master of all this porousness. Tho chief duty of a kavass on these occasions seems to be to march in front through the narrow streets and to beat every hapless Arab that chances to lie within reach with the Stick he carries for that purpose, in order that the way be kept clear for the great man (?) that follows him. On this important occasion vay man, affected by mv evident admiration for his prowess and his store clothes, laid about him indcriminateiy, whether they were in the way or not, sparing neitner age, sex nor previous condition of servitude, and tho only thing that prevented his thrashing the entire population was our untimely arrival at the gates of the Ilaram. In any other country he would have been mobbed before he had gone-a block, Dut I nave never seen an Arab show the slightest resentment at being kicked and cuffed by a feuperior, it being the usual thing, which they take as a matter of course. To Jew. gentile and .uus.mman me mosque of Omar stands upon ono of the most sacred spots in all the world. Here it was that Abraham offered up his son Isaac as a sacrifice, and David implored the mercy of heaven on his suffering people, and here stood the great temple of Israel, the glory of Solomon. Here the holy mother of Jesus came bearing the infant child, and here again at the ago of twelve "they found Him m the tern pie, eitting in the midst of the doctors, both hearing thf.m and asking them questions" (Luke ii. 43), and later on within these holy precincts His prophetic and loving voice sent forth its warning cry of mournful reproach over the coming desolation "O. Jerusalem. Jerusalem, thou that kill est the prophets and stonest them which are Bent unto the?, how often would I have gathered thv children together even as a hen gathercth her chickens under her wings and ye would not Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. Matthew xxiii. 37. This is equally consecrated ground to the Mohammedan also, and a pilgrimage to Jerusalem stands next in importance in the eyes of the Moslem Hadu to the holy visit to Mecca, and it has only been during th e last few years that Christians were at au allowed to set foot within this sacred mosque. The

T

Th ChW Reason for th marrfiloos rc oi Hood's SsrsaparUls Is found la th far tint this tndlrioa actually acromplUhf sU thit U claimed .Vr It. lis real merit has won M p ri t Wi n for IIood ?ÄrpriI! "'CI U V 1 1 1 0 a popularity and aal greater ttiaa taa; f any thsr blood purifier. H euros Scrotal, all Homorv pytpepsls, et. PrsDuied oniy b?C. L. Hood Co.. LovVl. Mat CUE rTLTOrSVKSS, SICK nKADACTEFl ixnAitTurrje, Lnxrt ujdioehtion: &V&ri2.'&XA, COIXXAIXT, JAUXDICE, X5Y rSINQ THE aENTEiTJ CELEBRATED f&i.iu.-ii tal Vila m i PI EUE-LU Z . . W W m ... atw.l a? ß al SB w. -w m rnr?FED OJTLT BT FLEMING BROS., Pittsburgh, Pa, CrtVsrjje cf ComitPziTJ made la Ef. Loal."CJ mosque is built directly over the famous rock which was the Jewish "hoiy of holies," upon which tho ark of the covenant stood, and upon which was inscriU'd the "unutterable rame of God." I'ndcrneath it is a cave w here the followers of Islam believe that Mohammed spent the night previous to his fiight to heaven on th back of his celestial horse ") Burak." They assert that the rock, in its devotion, tried to follow after him and as only kept from doing so by the strong grasp of the angel Gabriel, and in proof of that fact triumphantly point out his finger-marks on the stone, as well as the print of the prophet's foot and it would indeed be a doubting Thomas who would not believe after that. They say that hince that time the hug rock has been suspended in air without any support whatever, although to unbelievers it appears that a strong wall built beneath has something to do with it. A stone i4.ib in the Moor here covers the "well of spirits," from which on the day of judgment the faithful will be jerked up for final disposition by the top-knot, which all good Mohammedans always have growing on top of their heads. "On the wall of the mosque they show a fiat stone which formerly had nineteen nails driven partly into it, but now there are only three and one-half left, tho devil having maliciously managed to hammer the others into the sione. Should he succeed in his efforts to sodispose of them all the world will immediately come to an end. Just outside the main entrance stands a small structure called the "Tribunal of David' or the "Home of the Chain," which is alleged to cover the site of King David's judgment seat, where disputed cases were adjudicated by the king in person. Within the Harani limits stands another mosque called the "Kl Aska," which was originally a Christian church, built by the Kmperor Justinian in honor of the virgin. In this building stands two pillars placed so closely together that it looks impossible for the ordinary person to pass between them, but all Mohammedan visitors try it, as they believe that tbcte who can go through successfully are sure of paradise, and that the largest man can succeed in so doing if he is worthy of an entrance to heaven. Of course 1 went through without turning a hair. Below this mosque are immense subterranean chambers known as the "Stables of Solomon," and there is 6trong reason for believing that they were in some way closely connected with the temple or palace of Solomon. Theso huge blocks of stone show great ase, and are finithed oT in the style peculiar to that remote period. According to our biblical information, "Solomon had 40,000 stalls of horses for hii chariots, and 12,000 horsemen" (I Kings iv, -JO), so that it was necessary to have an abundance of Ftahle-room, such as these mammoth remains evidence, and it is known that the knights templars used them for stallte in the days of the Christian occupation. Near the raoenue ma be seen a marble fountain called "KI ' (The Cup), lieneath whifh are the great "Cisterns of Solomon," cut out of the natural rock. Here, it is ltelieved, was placed the king's grand "Molten Sea, ten cubits from tho one brim to the other," which was "wrought like the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies, and it contained 2,0(K) baths" 1 Kings, vii, 2"-2n. Still further along by the eastern wall of tho inclosure stands a small mosque called the "Throne of Solomon," where it is claimed the king was found dead, and a little beyond on ths outside, through an opening" in the wall, may be seen the famous healing "Pool of Bcthesda." Continuing along the side of the Haram wall a broken pillar is seen projecting out from it in the direction of the "Vale of Jehoshophat," which tne Mohammedans believe marks the chosen place where Mohammed will locate himself, like "Ilumpty Dumpty on the Wall," when he comes oh the last great day to sit in judgment on the deeds of departed Mussulmans. A line no thicker than a hair's breadth will then be attached to this pillar and stretched across the valley to the opposite side over which will walk in safety all those who are to be saved, while the wicked will go tumbling off into hell. This celebrated valley is also tho place where the elect among the Jews expect to be gathered when the long-expected Messiah arrives, and for that reason it is the favorite place of burial for those of that faith who dwell in Jerusalem, the hill-sides being covered with Jewish graves. Here above the "Brook Kidron"areto le seen the notable tombs of St. James, Zechariah, Jehoshophat and Absalom. Tho latter is quite a pretentious monument but its front is completely blocked by a pile of loose stones made by ea- h passing Arab throwing a rock upon it to show his detestation of the conduct of the wicked and rebellious son of David. This is the tomb w hic,h "Absalom in his life time had taken and reared up for uiraself" as a place of burial, "and ho called the pillar tfter his own name, and it is called unto this day Absalom's place.' (II Samuel, xviii, 13). Will E. Ekolish.