Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 34, Number 35, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 October 1888 — Page 6
THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1888.
TRUMAN AND THE MINERS.
THE HOCKING VALLEY STRIKE.
Park Days In th Ohio Coal Region Tho Long Straggle of the OperatlTa for LItlng ITagee Dow the Old Roman Came to Their Rescue.
Few newspaper readers can ever forget the creat Hocking Valley strike, its unnatural and inhuman cause arising: in political intrigue, its months of duration and suffering, its final settlement and the man that settled it Sure it is the miners will never forget their struggle against the millionaire operators and starvation; never forget the grand old man they appealed to in their hour of need ; never forget his free and ready response, his patient services, for which he refused compensation, and his final just decision removing the tyranny and oppression of organized capital, boasting of its millions, and restoring the laborer to his rights. Those same miners willl soon have an opportunity to express their gratitude to the protector of their homes Allen G. Thunnan, To a man they will march to the polls and deposit their ballot for the old Roman. But before the Cth of November thev propose to give one day to their candidate for vice president. The date will be early in October. A
menced arrangements without delay to enforce that point. It was given out that aggressive rivalry had recently been established in Indiana and Illinois, and the talk began to be circulated that unless there was speedy retrenchment somewhere it would be impossible for the Ohio miners to compete for outeide supplies. The output for the season had been large, and at first the expedient of limiting the production by placing the men on one-half or one-fourth time tras tried. At that date the rate per ton for mining was 70 cents the year round. With steady employment "a decent living was obtainable on this basis, but with the curtailment of employment-time it was ditlicult to make both ends meet. General discontent was consequenth'occasioned. Pretty soon came the announcement that the mines wero losing big money, and that a reduction to GO cents a ton was the only alternative. The men were, of course, excited at this. They were being shabbily treated and thev knew it. Their wages were being rut down to make up for the loss of handling coal to distant points; to Chicago for example, where companies more conveniently situated found a natural market. When, finally, notices were posted throughout tho valley that on June 24 the reduction would go into effect, the mine laborers began to remonstrate and were met with the rejoinder that it was necessity, and not choice, that dictated the chance. It mav be interesting to note in passing that theso operators, without solitary exception, were republican, and
i II ML
JA. fit
JUDGE THURMAN IN HIS LIBRARY.
committee of fifteen, representing a massmeeting of the miners, waited upon Judge Thurman recently, and invited him to deliver an address at Nelsonville at a time beft suited to his convenience. Mr. Thurman assured the committee that he would be delighted to comply with their request. Preparations for the event commenced at once among the miners on an extensive scale. The day will be made a sort of festival occasion. Not alone throughout the Hocking Valley, but in the Sandy Creek camps and from one end to the other of the contiguous black diamond territory, the speech and attendant festivities will iurnish exclusive occupation for the day. In recalling this great battle between labor and capital in what sharp and truly democratic contrast is the record of Judge Thurman to that of Benjamin Harrison, the republican candidate for the presidency. The former animated by generous impulses the embodiment of public spirit; the other, full oi eelüsh motives tiie grandson of his prandpapa, perched on a pinnacle, aloof from the common, vulgar herd. The one at all times ready to alleviate sufferings and better the conditions of thoso about him; Harrison quick to avengo at the beck of hia corporate masters. When the poor striker came from the mines with an honest grievance to submit and a ragged and starving wife and
they had improved the interval before the posting of the notices to have themselves interviewed in republican newspapers, in the ' hope of creating a sentiment that would benefit them in the struggle to ensue. The story about losing money was discredited by the miners to a man, and on the day appointed for the reduced scale to go into operation there were 10,000 idle strikers in the Hocking Valley, whence it spread to the Ohio Central.the next largest coal field. Those self-proclaimed republican friends of American'labor treated with disdain all overtures looking to arbitration, and instead, engaged in importing the rifl-ratf of Europe to be put to work at minimum prices. As winter approached and the money in the miner's treasury had about all disappeared and the work'of eviction was undertaken, the trouble commenced' in deadly earnest. Then began months of living on half rations. The men were driven almost to desperation and crime. They could not live on the wages offered and their supply of provisions and their treasury were becoming exhausted. For weeks they depended upon tho charities of outsiders. Then came the threat that unless the men returned to work within thirty days the highest wages then paid would be 50 cents per ton. Ihis led several hundred fathers of starving children to return. The operators began to import Poles, Hungarians,
JUDGE THURM AN 'S AUTOGRAPH.
little ones at home. Judge Thurman did not commence, with lofty assumptions, to berate him, stigmatizing him as a law-breaker and beyond the pale of penteel consideration. He did not tell him haughtily that a dollar a day was all he was worth, or CTen insinuate that innch, and end by inflicting a cruel insult, as did Harrison when confronted by the Etriking railroad men in 1877. Although the trouble was wide-reaching and threatened serious danger at one time, so desperate was the situationeven to loss of life JuiJge Thurman did not feel it in his heart to take up arms and reply with a volley of bullets to an appeal for bread ; or to charge bayonets where men had clustered to discus3 what they conceived their wrongs. Judge Thurraan's policy, quite to the contrary, was to redrew the wrong and not to double the evil. No more did Judge Thurman sell himself to a monopoly or corporation (at $1,000 a week) interested in the fight against the disgruntled aud underpaid employes, or prance about the streets with a rifle readv to shoot and laughter in the name of the commonwealth, and to draw extra pay for war services. In patriotic opposition to such ungenerous pursuit, Judge Thurman, when petitioned, consented at once to act as umpire for the perplexed board of arbitrators and nettle the dispute between labor and labor. The work was tedious and hedged about 'with conflicting testimony and tangled argument, but he would accept no compensation. If good resulted the reward was abundant. He recognized the strikers as not totally depraved, not malefactors because fortune had chanced to pass them by. All parties to the contest were treated with equal consideration, and in his decision labor was awarded that which wa a legitimate and long-delayed beritase. What is known as the Hocking valiey rtrikc (the disaffection rapidly extended) Lad iu actual beginning June 24, 1884. Tranquil relations were not completely ret torcd until early in tho year 188J, and then through the mediation of the present democratic candidate for vice president. Let it be understood that there was a close business intimacy among the operators, and when a point was to be carried gainst the miners they formed a powerful alliance, and were usually successful. The operators agreed upon a reduction in wages at a private conference, and corn-
Italians and the like to take the places of the strikers. There were in the neighborhood of 2.000 of these, and they were
attended bv 300 1'inkerton detectives wilh
Winchesters. The feelinar was ereatly intensified
when in mid-winter a posse of special
constables, each with an armed force, went
about turning those who had refused to return to work out of their miserable homes, to starve or freeze, or do the best
thev could.
So affairs worried along until spring and
through tho summer, the men gradually returning, as they found they must take
the miserable pittance offered them or die.
True to their threats of revenge, the conspiring operators refused to pay but 50
cents. They were repeatedly asked for an
increase, but declined to make it, saying that they were unable to do so and dispose of their coal against existing competition, without great loss. This statement
was not believed by the men and they
aain went out on Nov. 1, 1885. They Ftruck for GO cents per ton, an increase of
10 cents. After some delay the operators and miners agreed to submit the matter
to the arbitration of ten men, five to be selected bv each partv, and. in tho event
of their failure to agrr e, they were to se
lect an eleventn man to act as referee.
A month was consumed in hear
ins testimonv and argument. No . set
tlement could be effected and they
resolved to call in a referee, as provided
for. Judtre Allen . Ihunnan was men tioned as the proper man for the position He was unanimously accepted by oner
ators and miners. The people highly sunctionei tho selection. Tins, coupled with tho deep interest in all questions where capital and Industry aro at variance, led him to assume the obligation
at once. A friend mentioned casually in his hearing that so much hostile feeling
had been engendered it would be lmpo5si
ble to Batisfy everybody, an 1 that some
would Ikj road, no matter how tho de
ciriion went. To this Jude Thurman re
plied characteristically that it made no
dnierence whom it made maa;ne in tended to do what was riirht.
The evidence was all turned over to
him. lie spent ten days in reviewing tho testimony and written arjnimcnt, and
when it wa all done, and his decision
rendered, he positively refused compensa
tion, saving that if it . was just, that was
enough. Quito in contrast with this is the
conduct of Gen. Harrison ' in the strike of
1877, when he made affidavit to the effect
that his services for "nearly a whole week's work" were "reasonably worth
$1,000," and drew $0 per day for four days as captain of a company of militia or
ganized to fight the strikers. After carefully reviewing the ouestion
and the opposing positions, Mr. Thurman submitted the following decision :
My decision, therefore, is that the operators
of the two districts can pay the advance asked (60 cents per ton), and compete with other dis
tricts. Kespectf ally su emitted.
A. G. TlICRMAJT. That nieht there were bonfires throuch-
out the Hocking valley and Ohio central district. The name of Thurman was on every lip in praises. The operators accepted it without n murmur.
The miners cavo expression of their
thanks by adopting resolutions compli-
jonv m'bride. Mouthpiece of the Mine Laborers.)
menting Judge Thurman for his service.
Kindred organizations did likewise, and
not alone in the immediate district, but by
almost every union in Ohio the sentiment
was concurred in.
The state trade and labor assembly, at
the third annual meeting in Columbus, in Jan. 20, IRSfi, unanimously adopted, after half a day's highly complimentary speeches, a preamble and resolution to the
following enect. on motion of the Hon.
John 1. .Law lor:
Whereas, The success of the recent arbitration
prooeedin-rs between the miners and operators
of the Hockin? valley and Ohio neutral dis
trict is very gratifying and encouraging to all lovers of justice and fair play, and Whereas, While we congratulate the miners for their willingness to arbitrate the justness of their claims, too much credit can not be pive n to that sterling man of the people, Allen U. Thurman, for consenting to act as umpire, and his impartial consideration of the evidence
presented; no light tok tor a man ot his years,
and which was evidently assumed to, in a meas
ure, ameliorate the condition or labor and capital employed in the IIockiD.tr valley and Ohio
central districts and the city of Columbus;
inereiore.
Lesolved, That the secretary of this assembly
be instructed to forward the Hon Allen d. Thurman the above preamble, which properly conveys and expresses tho sentiments of the Ohio state trades and labor assembly upon this matter.
The decision also provided for an an
nual meeting of representatives of the
miners and operators for the purpose of
debate and regulating a scale of prices.
ages in those districts havo since in
creased to 75 cents for winter mining and
i0 cents for summer mining.
Ihis is a leaf from Judge Thurman s la
bor record. When 10,000 miners in Ohio go to the polls on election day and express their gratitude to their deliverer, who can predict the result?
TARIFF ON COAL CENTS.
What Miners Ar t'aht Throughout ths Country.
Average wages paid for digging coal daring
as follows:
1S-87, according to the Coal Trade Journal, were
Alabama Alu-gbany Mountan, Ts...
Anjrus, la.......
Boulder, Col .. ri-.i..v.. w v.
inHrki iirv. aw. i. ..
ton ton
.65c per 50c Dor
per bushel
..viic per ...85c per 2-ton
......... o.-jC per
JlHi fcVl-'UlK, fT .................................... .vv 4 Clearünld region, I'ennsrWanla .... S per Connellsrille coal region ..9'ic pr Coos liar, Or 11.12'i prr Klk Garden, W, a- ......... ...........60c per Falrmount, Pa per
too
car
ton
ton ton
too
ton t-D ton
ton ton
ton
llmm'l (!mk. MarTl&fit
Hocking Valley, Ohio..... 65c per
1 J : l,U1r B1 r...
JUttlA. liiv..............................tir'. fit
ndiana, bituoii nous 7c per ton anawba Kir er, W. Va...............2c per bushel
.U... AICIJAU IUI Dl ...... ...... .. lit 1 UlinilLI
Kentucky, eastern. 75(7c per ton Kentucky, w-trn 62(37,e per ton IiPaveoworth. Iva 4o per bushel Islington, iVjo. fcl per ton . ,1 . i . n t . 1 . t .
UODievauo, Aia ,.,.,..-iraiwii, fi iKjrivn . ft 1 1 hi j 1 1 .
oudi uure, iii........ ...................... ...oi;2-- per mju w at rH bJ ta Jiii. i tst n
ots tScotia mine....... 2c per ton
.mv yr.t mju 70c jer ton
iw lrr ion .4. per ton 7fu twr tiMi
- i ,4c per bushel
per ion 80o per ton
Pitubunr railroad pita 7 Pocabon U, Va . 4 llernoldavillo, Pa........ 7 Richmond, Mo. ............................. ....4c I What Cheer. I v.. ..7
Wilminirfin III
SENATOR CULLOM'S STORY. Why an IlllnoUan Abandoned the Practice of Law. Senator Cullom tells a good story, savsa Washington letter to the New York 2fribune and not being given to practicing law much himseli I suppose he can afford to do so of a prosperous store-keeper in a small Illinois town, the name of which has escaped me, who once practiced law, but who has long since abandoned it Being met bv an old acquaintance he was asked for all the particulars of his giving up the profession. "Didn't it agree with vour health ?" "Oh, yes," answered Uncle Joe," as ho was familiarly called by his friends. "Didn't it pay?" "First rate." ".Meet with sufficient favor from tho courts?" "All I could ask." "Then what was it compelled you to quit?" "Well, IU tell youI was too honest" A loud laugh" from tho bystanders aroused "Uncle Joe" into earneetness, and he repeated the etrango statement, and nailed it to his 6how-counter with his huge fist But his cross-questioner went on: "When did you find this out?" "In mv ery last case." "What was that?" "One in which I was retained to prosecute a neighbor for killing a dog." "And ho was acquitted ? So you lost the case and gave up your profession discouraged ?" "No, be was convicted." "Then he was guilty?" "No, he was innocent" "But didn't the evidence prove his guilt?" "Certainly it did." "Then why do you Eay he was innocent?" "Because I had killed the dog myself a few nights before for trespassing on my poultry, and I came to the conchi6ien that any business that would aid a man to convict a neighbor of his own crimes wasn't the business for me, so I gave it up." 'lce Scheme For the Ilond holders. Philadelphia Record. The eercturr of the treasury lias been obliged to purchase about $40,000,009 of bonds in the last five months upon authority of congress, lias not Candidate Harrison seen the !rice of 4J per eents riie within that time rom $123 to an advance of nearly 5 per cent, in the rate tince the government entered the market as a purchaser? But when the surplus should become exhausted by the purchase of bonds, what would prevent fresh accumulations of surplus so Ion; as taxes upon the people should remain und iminished if What remedy, then, would be left except to buy more bonds at whatever rates of premium the holders mar demand of the government? The policy of anticipating payments of tho public debt at high premiums, which the government has been constrained to adopt in order to restore to circulation needless accumulations of money wrung from the people, the republican candidate for the presidency would establish as a permanent fiscal system. For does he not say that it is unnecessary to reduce the tcriS or to apply that other remedy of free whisky in the Chicago platform when the treasury surplus can be used for the purchase of bonds? II ow He Got It. Time. Styx :I hear that Skinner has taken a cottaee at the beach. l)yx: Yes, mine on execution.
Facts About the Pensions. To THE Editor Sir: Please Rive through the columns of THE SENTINEL the facts and figures in the matter of pensions during Cleveland's adminbitration, as compared with former administrations. X. Bloomington, Ind., Sept 23. During the first three years of democ ratio rnle 309,4-52 pension certificates were issued, as against 191,221 certificates during the last three years of republican rule, showing an excess of certificates issued by the democrats of 103,231 in three years. During the first three years of President Cleveland's administration a total of $217,399,757.30 was disbursed on account of pensions, as against $133,390,216.31 disbursed during the last three years of republican rule, showing an excess of disbursements by democrats during three yean of $31,000,541.01. During the fiscal years 1883, 1884 and 1883, there were added to the pension roll 103,121 new names, as against 136,220 new names during the
fiscal years 1886, 1887 and 1883. Since his inauguration President Cleveland has approved
general pension acta which directly and pecu
niarily benefit 144,364 ex-Union and Mexican
war soldiers, their widows, orphans and de
pendent relatives, and the money value of this benefit is upward of $9,000,000 per annum.
During the same period President Cleveland has approved, or allowed to become laws by
limitation, over 1,200 private acts granting pen
ions, while but 1,524 private peusion acts wer
approved, or allowed to become laws, during
the entire twenty-four years that the republican
party waa in power. Millonaires In the United States.
To TUB EDlTOn irir: A reoublioan lirin
near here says tnat there were more million
aires in the Inited States, in proportion to tho population in 18(X), than tuere are now. Please publish iu Tub SENTUELth number then and
now.
If every republican in Indiana could read
Tita sentinel I believe we could carry tho
atnte by o,ouo lor Uleveland am iburman aua
tana reform. i ours respectfully, Tangier, Ind., Sept 2j. M. L. DOV K. We know of no way of ascertaining the num
ber of millionaires in the United States in 1$0
or to-day. In 1800 they were very rare. John
Jacob Aitor, who died in 1843, was then the
richest man in the United States. He left less
than $"-0,000,000. To-day there are at least a score
of men In the country worth $Jö,000,000 each.
and there are hundreds worth $10,000,000 apiece. Your republican friend is certainly mistaken. There are a great many more millionaires in the country now in proportion to tho population than there were in ISoO; and also a great many
more tram us.
AN ABSOLUTE CURE Of a Most Distressing Sktn Disease by the Cutlcura Remedies. In the winter of lSTJ-S) I found myself afflicted with a singular eruption on my limb, to which I bad bit hereto been a sua nicer. The trouble appeared in large blotche. upon which the skin was raised, but no fratheriiijj under iL No particular pain attended it, sure a burninz, stinging sensation and an intolerable itchinu, such as wan neer before experienced. After becoming satisfied that it had coins to stir. I called niT ibvsician. who a'ter a thoroue ti
examination, pronounced it a cae of eczema, lie comforted me by Myinjt he could cure it; that it w
merely a skin disease in ident to eld people; wan neither dangerous nor couUgioiu, but if not arrested would prove ece-dii)g!y troublesome and annoying tome. 1 asked him to precrite, which he did; powders ani pills to be taken inwardly, and a wash for outward application. I attended faithfully to all directions, but the wash onlr aggravated the irri
tation, and after a few apphrar.ons bad to be aban
doned. Becomin thoroughly alarmed, I asked my
physician to call "counsel, which he did. Tho cae
was examined, tne medicines caanu'eu. 1 ooeyea
orders to the letter, all to no purpose. The blotches would disappear in one plare (leaving a stain upon the skin as if some dark liquid bad b"en spilled over
it), onlr to appear In another. It had t -en a part ot mv earlr education to discountenance all advertised
medicines as a delnsion and snare, but one dar, in glancing over a newspaper, I noticed ander tbe hea I of your Cutlcura Remedies a case precisely similar
to my own, sua alter reaain 11 over several times i wmi 1 1mm tw iatf I t tn ihn nearest drnff store, nur.
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Who Got Stuck?
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ISP TO PI
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A
aper
99
Under the above caption the Nau York Graphic, some three years ago, published a critTcal review of the gro-.vth of The Chicago Daily News, which sets forth so clearly some of the fundamental principles underlying the development of one of the phenomenal successes of later years that it will well repay a reading. To bring some of the Graphic's figures down to the present date, supplemental statements are parenthetically added by the present writer.
" The newspaper entitled to the distinction of having the largest daily circulation in America is The Chicago Daily News. (Since this statement was made it is possible that the growth of the New York World entitles it to fst place.) The Graphic to-day devotes a page to sketches of scenes in and about its establishment. The history of this paper is probably without a parallel in the annals of American journalism. It was founded December 20th, 1875, and was the first low-priced d;i!y successfully established in the West. At th c nd of its first year it had achieved a circulation ot about IO.OOO. From that time on its growth has been remarkable. It now prints seven editions daily, comprising both morning and evening issues. Its statement of circulation for the year 1884 shows a daily average of 125,178 copies, unquestionably the largest daily circulation on the American continent (The sworn statement for 1 887 shows a daily average of 165,376.) " In politics The Daily News is always independent, never neutral. "While its editoral expression is sometimes vigorous to the degree of severity, there is always in its utterances of opinion so manifest a purpose to be impartial and fair to all opposing interests, that it rarely loses the confidence of the reader, however much it may fail to bring him to an acceptance of its own view concerning the matter in hand. "As a newspaper proper, The Daily News has earned a reputation for enterprising newsgathering second to none in the United States. It is the only cheap paper in the West that is a member of the Associated Press. It gives its readers all the news worth giving and gives it for two cents. (Now it docs it for one cent a day. "Aside from its own deserving merits as'a complete and cheap newspaper, it is doubtless
much indebted for its remarkable growth in circu lation to the persistent adherence on the part of the other Chicago dailies to the "blanketsheet " style of journalism. . Of all the people in America the average Chicagoan is most in a hurry and least inclined to wade through columns of verbiage and stuff. The Daily News is the only. Chicago daily that has the facilities for giving all the news, and at the same time the good sense to present it in concise form. The. result of such a condition of affairs is that The Daily News prints more papers than all the other Chicago dailies combined. "In considering all the cause3 which have entered into and produced so phenomenal a journalistic growth the most important one unquestionably has been the controlling conviction of its managers that the "cheap paper " should be cheap only in price ; that its news should be as fresh and complete, its editorial discussion as able, and its general tone and character as pure and hcathful as its best and highest priced cotemporary. AU this the "cheap paper" may easily be even at its reduced price. "The difference of revenue between the twocent paper (even more so when the price is one cent), and the higher-priced " blanket-sheet," the latter throws away in useless and unasked for size, that not only is of no worth to the reader, but is even an annoyance, in that it compels him to gleam what is of real news interest from amass of verbiage and worthless amplication. " It. is because its managers have been wise enough to practically recognize these essential elements of the best American journalism of today that The Daily News is the best and most popular general family newspaper published ia Chicacro or the West."
It seems hardly possible that an endorsement of merit could be framed in stronger terms than the foregoing analysis, and yet how much greater is not the achievement now that ?uch a journal as' The Daily News is placed in every man's hands at the reduced price of ONE CENT A DAY. The truly marvftous enterprise cf American journalism tan hardly go farther. Certain it isthatlu. Daily News leads the Pan. TrtE Chicago Daily News is sold by all newsdealers at One Cent per copy, cr it will be mailed, postage paid, fcr,' $3.00 per year, or 25 cents per month. The attention of farmer is especially called to the fact that this metropolitan, dally now Costs but LtUe more than the old time wecLI. The hrewd farrer will now hTe his daily market reports. Address VICTOR. F. LAWSON, Publisher Tur Daily New?, Chjcaco,