Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 34, Number 4, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 February 1888 — Page 4

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THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. WEDNESDAY FEBRUAßY 29 1888

TERMS FEB TBAB.

KnIl Copy, without PremiumClnba of six tor fl 00 600 Wo uk Democrats to bear In mind and select their own SUte paper when they come to take snbscriptlona and make up clubs. Amt making up cluba send lor any Inform Coi CMtX9&. Address DTSIAXAP0LI3 8ENTINEL CO., Indianapolis, lud. WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 29. CONGRESSIONAL SUMMARY. Among the more important measures before Congress daring the past week we aoU the following: Toe House Committee on the Judiciary has reported favorably the proposed amendment to the Constitution changing the inauguration day from the 4th of March to the last Tuesday in April, which, if it is adopted, as it undoubtedly will be, will add nearly two months to Mr. Cleveland's term of office, and to the life of the present Congress as welL The Senate has already passed the resolution nnanimourdy, and the expectation is that it will also pass the Lower Uouse. Among the new bills introduced into the Lower House one was for the apportionment among the States, on the basis of illiteracy, of $'-5.000,00), and several for the erection of public buildings at Akron, Zanesville, Hamilton and Youngstown, O., and seventeen other places. Bills were passed for public buildings at Lowell, Mast.; Birmingham, Ala.; Allentown and Lancaster. Fa., and for the enlargement of the building at Charleston. W. Va. An adverse report was made on the bills for the admission of North and bouth Dakota as separate States. In the Senate Saturday a resolution was adopted requesting the President to inform the Senate whether the French Gov ernment has prohibited the importation of American products, and what corre spondence took place on the subject prior to the President's message recommending the acceptance of the Invitation to the Paris Exposition of 1389. Mb.Dzkw'8 record as king of the Vanderbilt lobby at Albany would make "mighty interestin' readin'." We don't believe Mr. Depew cares to hazard a ventilation of his Albany operations by accepting a Presidential nomination. Ir the Republicans think this a good year to run the president of a railway corporation for the Presidency especially of such a railway corporation as the New 1 ork Central they are welcome to try the experiment. No Democrat will object, The State Executive Committee of the National party met in this city last week, and while the old principles of the ptrty were reaffirmed, it was decided inexpedient to nominate a State ticket this ye ar. The tariff reform policy of President Cleveland met with the entire approval of the committee. Efforts to have the Union Labor party indorsed failed. A formidable strike was inaugurated, Monday morning, on the Chicago, Barlington and Quincy Railway by the engineers and firemen employed by the company. About 1,600 men are engaged in the strike, and as we go to press no compromise has been reached and the men are still out. An increase of pay is the principal demand made by the men. Tbk Senate has made public the fisheries treaty, with the President's letter of transmittal. The President recounts the negotiations resulting in the treaty, and recommends its adoption. Secretary of State Bayard thinks that the Government has tne advantage in the matter, but there is much difference of opinion on this point, and the general impression is that the Senate will not ratify the treaty. As to our Favorite Sans, the facts are these: Senator Harrison can not be nominated, because of the intense opposition to him among the Republicans of his own 8 Ute, and of the hostile attitude of the Pacific Coast, growing out of his Chinese record. Jadge Gresham may possibly be nominated, but he can't carry Indiana or New York, and, therefore, can't get elected. We advise Judge Gresham to stick to the beech and General Harrissn to stick to his briefs. Jnnx C. New has been down to New York telling all about the wonderful spontaneousness and unanimity of the Indiana Republican support of General Harrison for the Presidency. Mr. New had been away from the State for several days, and was probably unaware, when he talked to the New York Herald, that the machine was creaking and groaning in a really painful way under the severe strain that had been put upon It. It looks now as If the whole thing would go to pieces before Mr. New could get back to oil it up, unless he takes the first train for home. The State G. A. R. Posts held an en campment In Indianapolis last Wednesday and Thursday. The session was inter eating and enthusiastic. The following officers were elected: Department Commander, A. D. Vanosdal, of Madison; Senior Vice-Commander, Shelby 8txton, of North Manchester; Junior Vice-Corn-manner, I. B. McDonald, of Columbia City; Med.ral Director, Dr. A. R. Tucker, Cicero; Chaplain, Rev. Ira J. Chae, Danville Delegates to the national encampment at Columbus, O., were selected also one f-om each Congressional District and elevu from the State at large. liV Richard Gregg, who was the nominee wf the Greenback party for Governor of Indiana in 18 0, talked very sensibly with a fryriKiL reporter on the tariff question, the otter day. He said: I am a farmer, and I am the only sheep ialr in my neighborhood. I am opposed to piotection, but I have a Greenback fielgLbor who has no sheep, yet he is a proteet'oi ist. He has no reason to be a pro'tectioi ist, while I have. I know that protection on my wool benefits me, but I am satisfied that It does not benefit my neighbor, who has no wool, and is obliged to pay more for b clothing because lam protected. Wh-le I am benefited lean plainly ma t ni avrr man who is not rait I?.p lljnidUn the am proportion Jfcat I am benefited, X am la favor of any-

thing that will bring the neatest good to the greatest number; therefore I am for tariff reform, and I can't see how aay thinking lanner can conscientiously favor protection. This is a broad and rational view of the subject. It rises above the level of eelfmterest, and looks to the general welfare as the chief consideration. When it is remembered that the number of consumers of protected commodities is, and la the nature of things must be, maay times greater than the number of those who produce them, the narrowness, selfishness and injustice of the protective policy become manifest. "The greatest good to the greatest number" ia the aim and object of a free institution; "plunder for the few and taxes for the many" Is the essence of protectionism. The two ideas are in Irreconcilable antagonism, and to the extent that the one prevails the other taust be d isregarded.

THE TALLY-SHEET CASES. Judge Harlan, of the United Slates Supreme Court, yesterday affirmed the decision of Jadge Woods, of tne Circuit Court, in the cases of Coy and Bernhamer. An appeal will be made to Jadge Gresham, of the District Court, for a writ of habeas corpus, and. in the event of his denial of it, which seems to be anticipated by the counsel for the defense, an appeal will be taken to the Supreme Court of the United States upon the auestion of jurisdiction. In the meantime, unless a stay of execution is obtained, pending the final disposition of the case by the Supreme Court, the defendants will be taken to the Michigan City Penitentiary. Whether these men be guilty or innocent, the law has pronounced them guilty, and, unless the higher court declares that the lower court had no lawful jurisdiction in the matter, they will have to suffer the consequences. In any event, the responsibility is a pnrely personal one. If these men violated the law as charged, they, and they alone, are responsible for iL There is no party necessity that contemplates a violation of law. There is no party triumph that will justify a deliberate violation of law. The Democratic party, which has always stood and now stands for the preservation and enforcement of law, because it is the law, not only does not ask anyone .to violate law in its behalf, but condemns, in unmeasured terms, all violators Of law. What Messrs. Coy and Bernhamer are charged with doing, they did not do, could not have done in the interest of the Democratic party. The political bias which has been given to these cases came from the other side of the house. Judge Woods is largely responsible for it. He has been trying these cases, both on and oil the bench, from the very beginning in a manner, and by methods that are not at all creditable to him as a Judge. The United States Attorney, who is a Democrat, worked zealously for the conviction of these men, as it was his duty to do, if he believed them guilty. Every b on eat Democrat in the State would have despised him had he done otherwise. Rut he too, in his evident desire to follow the lines marked out by the Judge, seems to have been overgenerous to his party oppoSites. It will be very hard to make a plain wayfaring man understand wherein there was a necessity for Mr. Bellen going out of his way, in his speech against these defendants, to acquit General Carnahan, the Republican Committeeman who was indicted by the same Grand Jory. It may be pertinent, too, to inquire, in this con nection, why Mr. Carnahan has never been required to plead. We believe in punish ing all violators of law, but we are not subscribers to the contemptible doctrine that Republicans, because they are Republicans, are entitled to greater consideration than Democrats. We should like Mr. Sellers better if he did not bow quite so low. JUNE 5-ST. LOUIS. . A Per sleeping over the matter, the Democratic Vational Committee concluded that it had made a blunder in fixing the date for the nominating canvention after that named for the Republican convention. Accordingly the time was changed last Friday from July 3 to June "., which will be fifteen days before the Republican conven tion assembles. The committee is to be congratulated upon the promptness with which it recti fed the error of Wednesday. Its action will meet with the hearty approval of Democrats all over the country, it marks an epoch in the history of the party. It signalizes its final emer genca from the chronic 'condition of timidity, doubt and hesitation born of a long series of disasters, into an attitude of courage, confidence and aggessiveness which is the natural consequence of Its brilliant victory of four years ago, and its vigorous and successful administration of the government since that time. The Democratic party stands on firm ground. Th re is no occasion for it to wait upon the movements of the enemy, as was the case in other years. It has an issue which appals to the country with a force that no issue has possessed since thQ Questions of slavery and secession wers finally settled. ana in the person of G rover Cleve land it has a candidate who embtdies that issue as no Presidential nomiaee of either party with the single exception of Mr. Tilden has embodied a national issue for a quar ter of a century past. It is in splendid form for an aggressive and a winning cam paign. The action of the National Committee Is a message to the Democracy of the nation which will strengthen their coafi dence, arouse their in thus! asm and inspire them with an energy and resolution that will render them Invincible In the cam paign. By the same token it will demoral ize and dishearten the opposition. we congratulate the committee upon Its wise action. The Seittisil urged that an early con ven tion be held, and is gratified to find that its judgment has been approved by a majority of the distinguished Demo crats who compose the National Committee. The Fort Wayne Gazette eays: It Is apparent that President Cleveland procured from free trade newspapers, not from ofiicial sources, the alleged facta for his late message. He amid that ' 4 000 article are subject to duty." The record shows that W2 articles paid duty In IM, and there baa been little or no increase since that time. Präsident Cleveland's statement was ac curst. TaJTI in GTIv 9& QlMillgitioas

to the tariff schedules, but these embrace more than 4,000 distinct articles, including almost everything that enters into our food, clothing, shelter and medicine.

PROTECTIONISM RUN MAD. The other day, when the bill to incorpor ate the Washington Cable Electric Street Railway Company was before the Senate, an amendment was offered requiring the rails to be of American manufacture. Mr. Edmunds very truthfully observed that the amendment was in opposition to the President's message, and at variance with all the principles of the administration, and Mr. Vance very properly characterized it as an absurdity. But the amendment passed ayes 25, rays 17. Two alleged Democrats Brown, of Georgia, and Gor man, of Maryland voted In the a2irmative, and not a solitary Republican was recorded in the negative. So the Washington Cable Electric Street Railway Company will be compelled, if the Senate has its way, to buy its rails of American manufacturers, whether it wills or no. A more pertinent illustration of the absurdity and folly of the whole theory of protection could not be asked for. If the Washington Cable Railway Company is not to be pertLittcd to buy its raits abroad, why should ar.c other corporation be allowed to do so? Ai d if Americans are to be prohibited f n m bu5 ing rails where they can get them the cheapest, why should they be allowed to boy anything ehe in the open markets of the world? ' It will be seen that there is no question of revenue involved. The Senate simply eays to gentlemen who de sire to build a street railway in Washington that they must buy their rails of certain firms or individuals, or they cannot have a charter. A more monstrous abuse of power was never attempted by American law makers. And yet it is entirely in accord with the Bphitof protectionism. Consistency, how ever, requires that the senatorial exponents of the gospel of commercial restriction should go farther, and demand an amendment to the constitution forbidding Ameri cans from trading with foreigners at all. Surely, if it is good to restrict our commercial Intercourse with foreign nations, it ia better to suppress it altogether. And that is really the end to which the logic of protection inevitably leads. THE HOME MARKET FALLACY. High tariff advocates constantly urge protection upon the country on the ground that it will give us a "home market'' for our products. They assume as axiomatic and indisputable that a "home market" is necessarily a benefit. That both parties to a trade gain by it, seems never to have occurred to them. Everything we raise or produce must be disposed of la oar own country if we wish to be prosperous, is one of the protectionists' stock arguments. Whenever, they say, an American sends a load of grain to England and exchanges it for cloth, no matter how much more valuable to us the cloth may be than the grain, that man thereby wrongs his country. And as men naturally sell their goods where they can get most for them, th only way to prevent the United States from going to the dogs is to impose a tax on all foreign sales or, as the protectionist puts it, on all foreign purchaaes. Why a home market is suoa a blessing, we are never told. The fact is, a "home raarket" has no better qualities than any other market. If there is such virtue in restricted buying and selling, why will not the protectionists hold to their own logic? Surely, if a "home market" is a benefit to the United States, with its many compet ing industries, it would be a godsend to each individual State. And if to each State, then also to counties, to towns, even to individual families. Is not this conclu sion the only logical one from the position protectionists take in regard to "home markets?" Does not this conclusion show that protectionists do not comprehend the fundamental principle of all trade that it is an exchange of benefits, not a robbery? The Indianapolis Journal has dropped all disguises and began an open warfare against Judge Gresham. The Harrison organs throughout the State have taken the same tack, and the factional fight in the party promises to be "red hot" from this time forward. The Plymouth Repub lican says that Judge Gresham would get a large sized black eye in Marshall County f should he be nominated for President, on account of his memorable decision in the drive-well cases. The Plymouth Republican reprints this and adds: The above is a fact which the Inter Ocean and some other papers that are try ing to boom Judge Gresham would do well to take cognizance of. Judge Gresham rendered a decision that caused more than a hundred thousand owners of real estate in Indiana to pay out millions of dollars as royalty on a patent which the Sapreme Court of the United States afterward declared void ; and Judge Gresham could not come witnm ii,wo votes carrying Indiana to-day. This Congressional district, which will give a majority for almost any other republican candidate, would give .$,000 majority against Judge Gresham. New York, Minnesota and Iowa would, for the same reason, give overwhelming majorities against him. We are aware mat this should not be so; that voters should not refuse to support Judge Gresham on account of that decision; but all the same, they will. Facts are facts. The remarks of both papers are conspicuously reproduced in the Indianapolis Journal. If the Republican press of Indiana keeps on, It will demonstrate to the satisfaction of everybody, long before the convention meets, that neither Harrison nor Gresham can carry Indiana. And that is just the fact. State Fair Superintendent. The State Board of Agriculture finished its work yesterday. Tne following named superintendents for the several departments of the State Fair were appointed: On horses; Dick Jones (speed) and W. Aj Banks (general exhibit); on cattle, Robert Mitchell ; sheep, S. W. Dungan ; poultry, J. A. McChing; swine, E. H. Peed; horticulture, R. M. Lockhart; farm and gtrden products, Willis Blanche; gate, J. M. Bopzs; amphitheater, R. C. Mc Williams; mechanical department. Robert Slmonton, Gerard Reiter; lower floor, W. B. Seward. Bl Baak Clearings. f Chicago News. I Most prosperous cities gaze withsatiafactiou on tne record of their larga nana clearings, out tne aina that Cincln natl baa are the least satisfactory when

way an urge, .. .

DR HARBISON UPHELD Tfcs Sapremi Coirt Holds that the Gsversor's Ippointmint Wai IUiiL

a Decision Giving all the Present Truste of th Benevolent Institutions Undisputed Possession ot Their Offices. The Governor and the Supreme Court are not of one accord with regard to the tenure of office of the Trustees ot the benevolent institutions of Indiana, and as the Court is the highest authority, the present officers of the Hospital for the Insane, Asylum for the Blind, Institution for the Deaf and Dumb aad others, will hold undisputed possession of their positions until the mee ing of the next General Assembly, unless removed for cause by process of law. The test case was made by Mr. J. L. Carson, of Shelby County, who, shortly alter the session of the Assembly of 1337, was appointed President of the Board of Trustees of the Benevolent Institutions by Governor Gray, to succeed Dr. T. H. Harrison, of Boone County, the present incumbent- Dr. Harrison refused to surrender the office on the ground that the appointment was illegal, and Mr. Carson thereupon instituted proceedings to oust h'm from the Trusteeship. It was a friendly suit, and was filed in the Boone Circuit Court, Dr. Harrison being a resident of that county. Judge Terbune, a few months ago, passed upon the case, holding that under the law Dr. Harrison should continue to act as trustee until his successor was duly elected by tte next General Assembly. Mrr Carson appealed the case to the Supreme Court, and yesterday Judge Mitchell, with the concurrence oi the full bench, affirmed the decision of the lower court. The result affects all of the appointees of the Governor alike, so far as the benevolent institutions are concerned. It was not a surprise to lawyers who had looked into the merits of the case. The facts briefly are that on February 21, 1SvS3, the Legislature passed an act vt sting the management of the benevolent institutions in three several boards of trustees, and provided for the election of one President for the three boards. The act provided that upon the taking effect thereof, the General Assembly should elect a President, and if a vacancy occurred when the Legislaturewas not ii session, such vacancy should be filled bj appointment by the Governor, the appointment to hold good until the following session. The respondent in this case was elected President in 1886. The Legislature failed to elect a successor in 1387, as the law required, and the respondent continued and still continues in the office, asserting the right to hold over until a successor shall have been duly elected by a succeeding Legislature. Being of opinion that there was a vacancy in the office, the Governor, in 1887, appointed the relator as the President of the Board, and being refusd admittance to the office by the respondent, he broueht this suit. "The controlling question is," the Court Bays, "whether or not the office became vacant at the expiration of four years from the date of this respondent's election, four years being the term prescribed by the act under which the office was created. The power of the Governor to make a valid appointment does not arise until there is a vacancy in fact. The authority to fill vacancies confers on the Governor.no judicial power. "The existinz title of one to an office is a matter ot judicial concern. The effect of an executive appointment Is dependent upon whether or not tho office was without an incumbent lawfully entitled to continue therein at the time the appointment was made. An office is not vacant so long as it is supplied in the manner provided by the constitution or laws with a legally qualified incumbent. "Section 3, Article 15 (Constitution) provides that when an officer is to hold for a given term the same shall be construed to mean that he Bhall hold for such term and until bis succtssor shall have been elected and qualified, The relator contends that this provision applies solely to such otUcera as are elected by the electoral body at large and not to officers elected by the Lesislature." The Court discusses at length the meaning of the words '-elected" and "appoint ed," their etymology and the use made of them in the constitution. It concludes that the constitutional provision applies to officers elected by the General Assembly as well as those elected by the people. Al though the constitution prohibits the crea tion of a term of office for more than four years, vet under the conatuutional provis ion above set out the incumbent is entitled to hold after the expiration of the term fixed and until a successor is elected and qualified. "The framers of the constitu tion Intended," the Court says, "to prevent vacancies in such offices. Under the terms of the constitution the respondent was oc copying the office de facto de jure at the time the relator was appointed, and by thus occupying there was no vacancy and no power in the Governor to appoint." A STATEMENT FROM GOVERNOR CRAY. Governor Gray was asked by a Sentinel reporter last night for an expression as to the decision of the Supreme Court. He said that there was nothing farther for him to do in the case, and that with the decision his responsibility in the matter ended. In further conversation about the case, however, he said : "The terms of Messrs. Harrison and Gat en expired on the 27th of last Febru ary. Of course, that created vacancies for the Legislature to fill, and the Legislature failing to fill the vacancies, I thought the true legal interpretation, was that the va vacancies continued to occur every day d urine the session of the Legislature and every day thereafter; and that the offices being statutory and not constitutional, the constitutional provision in regard to holing over did not apply, for the reason that the constitution prohibits the Legislature from creating any office the tenure of which shall exceed four years. That was my opinion. I made the appointments for no other reason than be cause I believed it to be my duty to make them." TO Ol ST THEM FROM OFFICE. Ir. MIrbener Retina Ouo-Warranto Pro ceedings Against the Hospital Trustees. Attorney-General Michener seems to have been prepared for the decision of the Supreme Court, for he went at once to the County Clerk's office and instituted three new suits against the trustees of the Hos pital for the Insane. There are eleven paragraphs In each complaimt, and the alienations aeainst the three trustees are sub stantially the same. The proceedings are in the nature of quo-warranto and the titles of the cases are the same except as to the names of the defendants, being "State ex rel. Lonis t, micnener, Attorney General, vs. T. H. Harrison," etc InformaUnn in in Ma minniir lodcArl with the Haperlor Court against the three trustees for malfeasance In office and dereliction ot duty, tbe object being the forfeiture of the said cüices and their removal therefrom. The eases were assigned to Jadge Howe, of Superior Court No. 2, and the defendants will doubtless demand a joint trial b jury. The complaints, summed up. state that Thomas H. Harrison, B. H. Barren and Philip M. Gapen were elected members of the Board of Trustees of the Indiana Hospital fur the insane 0 Us ULeri AUtjJi

blv of 1SS, and continue to hold said Office. Following this statement of fact.

which, In more elaborate form, constitutes the introduction to each complaint, are eleven separate allegations against the Officials, to-wit: First That they have Tioiatea tne pro visions of the law in the administration of the affairs of the institute in this, that Harrison had been allowed and has drawn as his annual salary as 'president of the board, the sum of $1,WX), when the law allows him but $'XK), thus taking from the treasury annually $700 more than he is entitled to. Second That, after their election as members of said Board of Trustees they neglected and failed to adopt rules governing the 2,000 inmates and employes, until October 138 j, although the law requires such rules. Thud That in October, 18s"; they adopted a set of rales governing the institution, but neglected and failed to publish the same, as required by law, and also neglected and failed to make them known to the officers and employes. Fourth That fron.rovember, iSa, to November, 184;, Trustee Gapen was absent from the State, being enraged in basic-ess in Arkansas,, and attended but one meet ing ef the board, yet he was allowed and drew the full amount of his salary for that period. r iith That in eacn ana every monta the trustees did not solicit competition' among dealers for goods and articles needed by the Institution ; that they kept no open statement as required bylaw; that tney did not give their personal at tention to bids, and that, cjj rary to law, they made purchases privat'. btxth mat purchases were made by the trustees for private use and presented by them to the officers and employes.. Seventh That ornaments were pur chased and presented as Lifts to the matesEighih That Tru-tee Gapen. with the tnnwledce of the onrd, received from alellen iV Co , of N-v Yora, the sum of G4.77 as a rebate on - n chased, and i.Tinr" to account for the same or turn It into the State Treasn.-. Isinth lhat In purchasing supplies, the trustees failed in tuany cases to accept lowest bids, and awarded contracts to John L.. ballivan regard Ups of competition. lentn lhat interior supplies were pur chased and accepted by the trustee which were injurious to the health of the inmates and employes, among the same being stale butter, in which maggots were discovered. Eleventh That, in lSSu, the trustees purchased eight boilers for the institution, the iron of which, upon inspection byexeperts, was pronounced defective and unsafe, but which was accepted as sound, hm-class iron. The foregoing is a summary of the com plaints. It is not known yet when the trial rill take place, but it is thought that Judge Howe will set the cases down for hearing at an early day. Trustee Gapen was not disposed to at tach much importance to the proceedings. After reading the complaints, he remarked that they were simply a reiteration of old charges which the board had met several times. "Michener has overlooked an important point," said Mr. Gapen, a few minutes later. "AH the acta now complained of occured during our former term. He seems to have lost sight of the tact that we are now serving upon a new term. I see no reason for any anxiety on our part since Michener has not won a single case since he has been Attorney-General." THE GREAT CONVENTION, What It Mean. (New York Times. The committee has refused to be led or driven by the reactionaries, and has,, we may confidently state, taken another aid still more decisive step in the direction ot the tariff reform campaign. It was the hope and intention of the anti-Reform and anti-Cleveland Democrats to put OS the met ting oi the convention as long as pos sible, in order that the non-action they exrx ct to secure In Congress on the tana would influence the convention. It was the pnrposeof the Tariff reform Democrats, on the other hand, to call the n invention early, in order that it might declare clearly the sentiment and policy of the party, and leave the ma lority In Congress to obey it, if it chose to do so, or to defy it if it deemed prudent. The former were de feated and the latter were strong enough to carry their ends. The doubters in oath parties accept the action of the committee a? giving a positive guarantee that the Democratic canvass will be fonght out from beginning to end aggressively for tariff re form. Those In the Democratic party who do not believe in this policy will have to make their choice between accepting- it or repudiating it. If they choose 'he latter, their places will be rilled by those not now in the party who do believe in that policy. Honest and sensible men, we would say, of whatever views, must be gratified by the prospect that the Presidential contest is to be carried on over a substantial prln' ciple, and mainly to determine the course of public affairs, and not as a mere squab ble for place and power. It Is not necessary to discuss the sig nificance of the action of the committee in regard to the probable candidate ot the convention. The anti-reform movement is necessarily and perhaps chiefry an antiCleveland movement. Most of those actively opposirg reform do so because it seems to them the best way to oppose the President. They have failed in one after another of their schemes, and they will continue to fail. Taking the initiative, holding their convention first and challenging the opposition, the Democrats must and will put forward their strongest man. It is a fortunate thing for the coun try that this man is Mr. Cleveland, who represents all that is best in the Democratic party, and better than any Kepublican yet named, all that is best in the Republican party as well. Democratic National Conrentions. The first Democratic National Conven tion met in 1832. Previous to that time each party informally selected its most conspicuous man as a candidate for the Presidency, or a choice of nominee was made by a caucus of the party's members in Congress or in the various State Legislatures. In 1832 the system of delegate conventions was put in operation, and this principle, in its leading features, has been in vogue ever since among the prominent political organizations. The following table shows the dates of the National Conventions of the Democratic party, the places at which they were held, and the candidates which they placed in the field. The date and place of the next convention are apt ended: Date. 1S32- May 12. 18 6 Mav 20. 1S10 May 1844 May 27. 1845- May 22. 1S52 June 1. 1S56 June ?. l,sco-Apr. 2. i860 June 1. I860 Jane 2. 1864 Aug. 29. isfs July 4. 1872 July 9. 187i June 27. ivO June 22. 1S.H4 July 8. lfS88 June 5. Place. Baltimore. Baltimore. Baltimore. Btltimore. Baltimore. Baltimore. Cincinnati. Charleston. Baltimore. Baltimore. Chicago. New York, Baltimore. St. Louis. Cincinnati. ChiClgO. St. Louis. Nominee. Andrew Jackson. Mart. Van Buren. Mirt. Van Buren. James K. Polk. Lewis Cass. Franklin Fierce. James Buchanan. (No nomination. 8. A. Douglass. J. C Breck'ridge (i.B. McClelland. Horatio Seymour, Horaae Greelev. Samuel J. Tilden. W. 8. Hancock. Grover Cleveland, When to Pare the Finger-Nalls. New York World 1 The old formula, from early Saxon times. reads as fon " t them on Monday, cut them for h imi, o t them on Tuesday, cut them for w iltn ; 1 1 1 tbem on Wednesday, cut for a lette -. .(it them on Thursday, for something: etter. t them on Friday, you cut for a wife; C t them on Saturday, cut for long life; ( f tri arm nn RnnriiT. you cut thdm tor evil. F r all lhat weea you'll be ruled by the devU. Another version changes the last two lines to the beginning: . A man aad better ne er be fl born. Xttaa MTf M uwm on tsuaiey säet.

THEIR LAST CHANCE

Coy ai Baraliimer's Couial Naw Seek a Writ of Htbm Carpif. The Application Presented to Judge Gresham in Chlcage and Will be Heanl To-Day Brief Talks With the Prisoners. Chicago, Feb. 23. Special. An application on behalf of Coy and Bernhamer for a writ of habeas corpus was presented to Judge Gresham by J. G. McNutt, one of their counsel, this evening, but on account of the lateaess of the hour and the absenc of the United States Attorney, the consideration of the application was postpaned till morning, when it is thought the matter will be disposed of. Mr. McNutt said to reporter that Judge Greehaai had given no intication of what he would do, but that the attorneys for the defense were confident that they would succeed either before him or tbe Supreme Court. When Sim Coy left the United States Court rconi on Saturday night, at the close of Major Holstein s argument before Justice Harlan, he said, in some heat: "I'll go to Michigan City and serve my centence, just to satisfy this gang that is irylDi to hound me to death. I'd rather b- there now than be kept here under this suspense and with but little tho w of justice." lie spoke these words in a fit of desparalioij t his face flushed in anger, and everyhoheari him knew tht he meot what be said. He is noted for his coolheadrdness, brt on this occasion his suavity disappeared for the moment and he was not himscif. His confinement in the cold., damp little office attached to the coni.iy jail had been a severe strain upon him, and taxed his patieaee to the utmost,, and for the first time he showed evidence of failing spirits. As be walked over to the jail with a deputy marshal he had but little to say, and it was observed that he was peculiarly dejected. Sim has-always looked upon the prosecution of himself and party associates as pnrely a piece of spite work by his opponents in politicsmen whom he "had downed,'' as he ex pressed it and against some of them he has grown particularly bitter. His famous expression, "When I'm d3ne I'm did," was literally true of him ia politics, and he could never understand why Republicans who were worsted in political encounters could not "take their medicine," as he was wont to do. Although he has seldom spoken of the evidence against him, he has never hesitated to declare that 8am Perkins lied infamously when he testified that he (Coy) had a hand in tbe changing of tbe tally sheets. "Do you think I'd be Buch a fool as to do a thing like that?" he has often asked, and that would put an end to the conversation on that point, for whatever folks say of Sim Coy, nobody accusrs him ot being a fool. While Bernhamer has been disposed to treat his arrest and conviction lightly, and pose as a martyr. Coy has been more serious, and seemed to hare the gravity of the situation before him. At the same time, however, he has shared with Bernhamer the belief that it has been a case of persecution, instead of prosecution, throughout. The two men have not occupied bunks in the interior of the jail, although tbey have been constantly under guard. But withal, their life in the past few weeks has been anything bat plessant. The kindness of friends on the outside, who have called from day to day to cheer them up and replenish their stock of cigars, as well as the oSerings of Mowers received almost daily from lady friends and relatives, has been deeply appreciated. Sim has especially manifested his appreciation of kindly words and visits, and it is a matter of great pride to htm that none of his substantial friends of yore have deserted him. His personal relationships seem really to have been strengthened by his troubles,, and not a few Republicans have stood by him steadfastly. Both men also speak feelingly of their attorneys, who have labored zealously and unceasingly for them. Judge McNutt especially has been true to their interests, be having been in the case in- person at everv stage of it. The only hope of the prisoners and coun sel is that Judge Gresham will grant a writ OI caoeas corpus, which has already been applied for, as shown oy the dispatch received by Thk Sf.ntihf.l, which is printed above. Hon. Cyrus P. McNutt left for Chicago at 11 o'clock last sieht to aid in the presentation of the case, if a bearing be granted. The ruling of Justice Harlan was by no means a surprise to the prisoners; in fact, they had confidently expected an adverse decision, and for this reason expressed no desire to be present. Judge McNutt was with them up to the hour of the rendering of the opinion. Mr. Bernhamer's wife and sister were witihina at the jail most of the aiternoon. He aid not seem attected in the least by the news of the decision, but was studying the United States statutes when tbe reporter called. Mr. Coy was not well, and was forced to excuse himself when callers inquired for him. He was domi ciled most of the day with his counsel. Marshal Hawkins is unable to say when the prisoners will be taken to Michigan City, as this will depend upon Judse Gresham s action. The Marshal has not yet notified the men to prepare for the trip, but unless favorable news should come from Chicago to-day it is likely they will be taken North over the Monon route, starting at noon to-morrow. Mr. Coy's business has been placed in satisfactory shape, but that of Mr. Bernhamer is in a complicated condition and will suffer greatly. By serving an additional month both men would probably succeed in escaping the payment of the tanes imposed upon them under the poor convict act. Mr. Bernhamer said last night that there was nothing tor him to say concerning the decision of Justice Harlan, as he had been nothing but a supernuminary throughout the entire proceedings, and intrusted everything to his attorneys. He had noticed, however, that Justice Harlan had taken issue with tbe government counsel as to tbe time when the conspiracy was formed, by filing it at som tin- -luing the day on Wednesday. Mr. Coy had nothing to aay abotU the case, as the whole matter was in the hands of his counsel and friends. Ihe Warning on the I Boston Herald. 1 There was one important feature in the late special election for a member oi Congress in Michigan which should hardly escape attention. That was that Mr. Seymour, the Republican candidate, felt it necessary to pledge himself in faror of a thorough tariff revision and the repeal of all needless taxes before be asked the votes of the people. The Democratic candidate went much furiher than this, and It seems no man dares to ran there upon the tariff plank which tbe Republicans insist shall be In their national platform this year. With all this, the changes in the role are remarkable. We subjoin it as cast at the latest congressional elections:. 1884. " I 1SS6. Moffatt, R 16,467 Moflatt, R 14.45 Power, D 8.932 Pover, D 11,22 I Republican msj. 7,475, Republican xnaj. 2,243 The Republican majority is reduced from ,000 to 2,000 in two years time, and now, the recent special eleotion. it dwindles only ft hundred q: two. if it Is anytbinf

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TVti t;i,v r ;vct t'.if v-:r- of siifiVrin tiify I'li'.i?. lr;rve rsr;ijnvl li:l t i:-r tvic l fiii.-i r:!i;ly ;;.. T!i tPitiMi ;i roust it ;t; mi.iI ivr ! ;il ; :i!i l, until Ayer't JSarsap r:tl:i lil its HYiM-ihc vrk as in .'l!-r;:ive .-m l Bluml l'uriticr, tVv-y wert ':, ti siil'lVr. Tin win- f Saniu-.-l Tat. -I Au.!ir. st.. l,'ivi-'i, M.i-is., v;i, for a ifiipT tim. s .!iTt t st-vert li;-;ila-Iit-. tin rivsvlt f !ii:. h :inl liver disorder. A per. f.f' rttrc has been rlTortod by Ayer'j. S.i!;t;.iri!la. rYrnd; Uolier. 77 WaOiins'on at., llMnii, says that he formerly terri'.le !ii;id:i'li's. and tuiid ht tt;c: Av-r's Sarsapat iil.i. never ftl 1 aay !.- li-i:iv that woul l ie Permanent Relief. "Kvi-rv Soring. f.r vpurs." write. .fyy W. MeVea i. -2 .2' l-Vte. nth st . R:-ikiyii. X. V., " I luve liad iutV.erat' l;e;t,laeli"s. I com uifiieed the tis(t AVer's Sars.itarill.i la-t March, -u,l have not had a liea I n he sitK'tr-tiut tiaf." . . t .1- .. i r .. . l l . . i . l : . 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Willen ociienieu nei v on.o-i i it . iw-i health is now perfect. Muityrs iu head Her ache should try t Ayer's Sarsaparilla, lrt:rsl t.y lr. J. C. Aver Jk Co.. I.Owel!. M Price rf t ; ix twill, Wor:t fty GOMIUIlONiL CAIlRSfl. No sicsle disease has emtalied mere suffering or Hastened the breaking uo ol the constitution than Catarrh. The serje ot smelt, ot taste, oi sieht, of bearintr. the human voice, the mind, one or more, aud sometime all, yield to its de structive inriuence. Ibe po-.son it distributes throughout the sytteta attacks eery vital force, and breaks up tte most rocmst of constitutions. Itrnored. because but little understood, by most physician, im potentlv assailed by quacks and charlatans, thote srj3eriD? from it have little hope to be relieved of it this title- ot the grave. It is time. then, that the popuiar treatment ot this terrible disease by remedies within the reach of all passed into handAt oure campe ten and trustworthy. The new and nitaerto uatrled method aooptod bv Dr. Sauford in ihe preparation of his Radlcsl Cure has won the hearty approval ot tbosandii. It :S- instantaneous la sdordlne relic I in all head colds, sneezing, taurling and obstructed breathiuc. nd rapidly removes the mosi oppressive symptoms, e'earia; liie bead, sweetening tbe breath, restoring the enscs of smell, tate and hearing, and neutraiizii K the constitutional tendency of the d;soe towards theiunes. liter and kidneys. Baufora'a Radical Cure consists ot one t attle of the Radiol Cure, one box ot Catarrhal (SalVent sad Improved Ioa&Ier. wire Si. POTTI R I)RIV, A NO CH.EMN l CO., BOStOJ. VG Free I r c e from Fain ! ft Jr 'n ,'n" th Cticir 1 fS Anti-1' in Flatter relieves Rheu 1 iSKStic. Sciatic, mdden saarp aat I mivou Pains, Strins and Weak nesses. Tbe f.rst and only pain-killing Piaster. A perfect. De v. orieinsl. iDstantarcus. intaliibie and cafe Antidote to Pain. Initammaiitn and Weakces'. At ail dmirgista, "&c; fire for postage free d Pottub Drcu a- CHk4ic.i. to., Boston. ' in tay in li-at Michigan nay vote for Cleveland. On the tariä loans it will bs almost certain to do so, and alinnasota, Wisconsin, and perhaps even Iowa, mayvote with it. Tall tbe Truth. ; -ew Alfcaay Presi.l It is BlrnTJt - that political corrasponlsota do co tell ti e truth. A correspondent ot tie Indianapolis Journal, at Cory J on, ,akirgc( the Democratic nrns meeting there, states that "every other man ia the crowd wes drunk, end the others wire not sober by any means." tue -act is there ere is few drunken men a meng th 2,900 .-recent at Cnrtdoa aa ttr to all v is ia Republican couts moi cot tain&g u maay perwai.

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