Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 33, Number 40, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 November 1887 — Page 5

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. WEDNESDAY. NOTE AIBER 9 188TJ

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FARMER'S CORNER.

Iii Tres-PIwtiB Ssucn Culture of Water Greca FU FJowirs. pie Old Tree ia England Live Stock. Mote Household HinU " arm and Uairy Not, Etc. 1lt Tree Plantiitjc Season. " Few will be inclined to dispute, remarks a writer in The Garden, that the best time lor planting and transplanting forest as well as ornamental trees, whether decidaoaj or evergreen, is jast when the leaves have fallen or are about to fall; but where planting baa to be done npon an extensive scale, it has to be proceeded with at all limes when the weather is open and favorable throughout the winter. Still, the sooner a commencement Is made the better, and one condition is essential to the nccwsof anch operations, more particularly when they are performed at some 'What unfavorable seasons, viz., that the pl;jit3 should have aeen properly prepared lor removal in the nursery before being "'sent out," and. if this has been toe case, planting may be performed with little liak at almost any season. Young trees and shrubs of all kinds should b moved cr transplanted every season while In thi rursery, and this has generally the eff-fc". of inducing them to root near home, as 1: is called, or near to the boles or stems, and there to form dense masses of fibrous roots, which necessarily retain a considerable portion of soil. When this is the caw, th moving and transplanting Inr eality inflici but a trifling check upon the plants. With regard, however, to the transplantlag of trees or shrubs which have attained considerable dimensions, and to which theee remarks are intended more particularly to bddIt. the case is somewhat differ ent, and they will probably have occupied the positions in which they now stand nn- ; disturbed for years, but from which, owing to some cause, it may nevertheless be desirable to remove them. In cases in which this removal has been for some time decided upon, and in which the trees Jaavebeen judiciously root-pruned some twelve months ago, their removal will be comparatively easy, and little risk will attend the operation, which may be proceeded with at once, even In the case of de ciduous trees. The leaves of these have cow accomplished their mission, or nearly bo; the young wood is in a comparatively ripeatate, and the bads have also arrived at that condition when they will nsthe least artected by the temporary check wnich is 'necessarily 'sustained through the mutilation of the roots. If the operalion, however, is periormed now It will atford ample time for reparation before the soil and the atmosphere have become so cold aa to retard the production of fresh roots. In all esses in which it is inconvenient to attend to the removal of trees at present, or soon after the leaves have fallen, it will be advisable (more particularly if the specimens to be moved are valuable) to defer the performance of the operation until late ia the spring, when it may be accomplished with more probability of success than at any time during the winter or late in the autumn, however favorable the weather may be. There are, however, one or two points which it is quite neceetary should receive attention ia the case of late spring planting viz , keeping the plants as snort a time as possible out of the soil, so that the libers may not, to any great extent, become aried up, and the giving of abundant and frequent supplies of water to the roots, as well as mulching the surroundisg eoil to prevent undue evaporation, and the syringing of the plants every evening daring dry weather, until there are sufficient indications of their having become established in their new situations, when that attention may, ol course, be discontinued, especially if the weather be samp or cleudy. It has been frequently shown that evergreen, and even deciduous plants may be successfully transplanted at almost any time of the year; and, as regards evergreens, many planters prefer early summer, say tne beginning of May, to any other season for the performance of this operation. The only drawback or objection to the selection of this period is the very considerable amount of labor which it necessarily entails, in the form of watering and other attentions, at a busy time of the year. Early autumn may in most cases be regarded as the most suitable period for the work. Culture ot Watercress. There are many opporttnities, writes a correspondent of The Country Gentleman, which may be taken Advantage of by farmers everywhere, who have a clear running brook, of growing this most wholesome salad for their own use. A small quantity f seed sown npon the water, or mixed with earth and dropped heie and there on the sand or rocky .bottom nst now, will return next spring and furnish a copious supply for the lamily table. The plant belongs to the crucifenc or mustard family, contains soma aulpher end a pungent essential oil which is very agreeable, and when eaten in the form of sand rieb es with thin slices of sweet bread and fresh sweet butter it a most desirable relish and exceedingly wholesome and even mildly medicinal food very useful in the spring. Itisanauiat andreiaires cold running wfcer. I will deacrioe my plantation. It was in a swamp, almost level at the foot Ot steeply rising ground from which copious springs broke out and fed the swamp. A broad ditch was out to dram the swamp at the foot of the slope, and laterals 200 leet apart through the swamp with a fall of six inches to the hundred feet to a stream into which they discharged. Gales were put in the ditches to back up the water ia . the winter to cover the cress and prevent it from being frozen. Cattings of the plan's weae laid in the ditches as they were dug and trodden into the sandy mud and seed was sown when the cuttings were exhausted. These ditches formed a new plantation, which was stocked from an old one'wbich was on the farm when I came ic to possession of if, and from which the previous owner had paid for it. This was but a email affair, too, about GOO feet long at dsn feet wide, but it had a copious spring at the head of it which did not free- Iii the winter. This is a most important point, as it tecures the most profitable returns from winter culture by the use of glass sashes over the beds. Itevtval of Flax-Growers. 1'lax growing in England, says a London piper, will probably receive a great impetus if a new system of preparing the fiber introduced by Mr. Henly, of the flax mills, 3-org ile.ford, Suffolk, proves successful. He tas shown at public meetings that by the use of a small breaker, costing only 1G, any farm laborer can prepare flax for the spinner, dispensing with the scutching process, so that growers can be independent of local Sax works, which are few and far between. In the neighborhood of Long felford from eighty to ninety acres of flax were srown by the Kt. Hon. W. H. Smith and others, in or Jer to give the new system a commercial trial, and It is expected that a much larger area will be grown next season. Unfortunately, the drought of the summer kept the straw very short, but it is hoped that pricea will rise according!, so as to make up to somefextent for deficiency of bulk. There is every rets on to believe that flax growing would be highly remunerated if growers could diapore of their produce directly to the spinners, instead of being at the mercy of the proprietors of local scutching mills, as farmers who have grown the crop in Fnglaad hare bUberto been. Eren last year, when cur Importe were much smaller than

usual, we received 1,002.530 hundredweights of foreien flax and 200,18 hundredweights of tow and codilla, the total value being 2,12,097. In 1885 the correspond, leg figures were 1.375.211 hundredweights of tow and codilla, costing 3,101.207. Ilussia is usually by far the largest contributor, having sent as freauently over 1,800.000 hundredweights, but last year we imported a larger proportion of the superior flax grown in Holland, Belgium and France. In Russia, no doubt, Sax can be crown very cheaply; bat then its quality is so poor that the average value per hundredweight Imported last year was only 30a. 6d., as compared with fls. (id. for Dutch and 5.'j. for Belgian. The price in Ireland ranged from 45s. to 61s. oJ., the lowest price being for flax badly prepared. Good Englian or Scotch would be worth at les8t as much as Dutch flax, and growers in Holland, who appear to be increasing the area of cultivation, have advantages over British farmers. Prices were lower than usual last year, having been 42t to 63. in Ireland in 13&, and 41 l to 7tj. in 1881. It is Important to bear in mind that the seed is sacrificed in Ireland, and that if flax-growing pays there under such conditions it should be more remunerative in England, where the seed comes to a good sum of money. Fine Old Trees ia Englaad, Gardener's Chronicle. Eden Hall, the residence of the late Sir Richard Musgrave, is famed for several memorable trees. The finest; are two remarkable specimens of cedar from Lebanon, supposed to be 270 years old. The trees are planted as a pair, and have a spread of 105 feet diameter, with great busby heads, and are still quite healthy and sound. Brougham Halt, the residence of Lord , Brougham and Vaux, is notable for a famous old avenue of oaks and walnut. Originally it was formed of two rows of oaks and one of walnut. Only two walnut

trees now remain, but the oaks are still nearly intact and sound, healthy trees. This avenue was planted as an approach to the tine old castle, and must date from an early period, as they are all shown tn full growth of some very old plans of the castle erounds. One oak girths sixteen feet, with at least twenty feet of a straight bole, and all all are about sixty feet high. Dalemain, the residence of 'Squire Hasel, has avenue oaks which form oae of the sights ef Cumberland. They are planted in two district avenues, the first as you approach the hall from Penrith, and the second by the private road from Dicie Hall and church. On either roai you may drive through an avenue of oaks, each avenue about a mile long. Greystroke castle, the residence of H C. Howard, Esq , is surrounded by Gne plantations, which were formed in 1746 by the late Duke of Norfolk. O ring to their high elevations these have not attained remarkable dimensions, but they are decidedly remarkable for the great improvement they have made in the landscape of the district, ana for their forest value. A remarkable specimen of the silver fir (ables pectinata) Btands near the castle, which is 07 feet high, and measures 151- feet girth. It has a fine tapering habit, and is still a sound, health tree. Lowtber Castle, the residence of the historic family of Lowther. is famed for its arborcultnral gems of antiquity. The oaks csn safely be registered as one of the "country lions," particularly those which are dotted over that portion of the park called the Elysian field, all being noble specimens, and several supposed to be 1,000 years old. They show their antiquity by having hollow trunks, but still show good heads of foliage. The common ash is represented at Lowther by two venerable trees, now by reasua of their great age hoary with antiquity. They are very ap propriately called Adam and Eve. They are supposed to be about 800 vears old. Their girth is 22 feet 4 inches and 21 feet inches, respectively. EdcEoa! Castle, the residence of Reginald uraoam, jau . has many noble trees. Droru inent being the Lebanon cedars planted by tne late r. t. oranam. &q. stone House. Hay ton. the residence of Sir John R3ss, has some interesting trees, one 13 a specimen of the evergreen oak, the finest in the country. Brayton Hall, the residence of Sir Wilfred La it son, possesses some fine trees. Three remarkably formed larch trees grow on the lawn, and are supposed to have been of the original trees intro duced into this country. All are about 50 feet high, with fine sound boles and beau uiui roupn-nooea Dane. There also is a fern-leaved beech about 03 feet high, girth ! feet 2 inches, and 102 feet circumference of spread in splendid foliage. It is of a fine, bushy, pyramidal form. This is the largest and lest specimen in the country, J a worth Castle, the residence of the Kirl of Carlisle, was famed in history as the home of the border chief "Belted Will, who flourished about the year 15K). A fine old specimen of common yew. sound and Deanny, sun remains close to the castle. which is mentioned in the records of the period o: 1GG0 as a fully developed tree, a--t a !.. - . ' ana accoraing to wnicn it is safe to presume that this tree is at least 500 years old. That the tree, alter so many centuries of growth, should still be in the greatest health and vigor is certainly remarkable. Tall Flowers, The following items are taken from the oardeners .Monthly and other publica tions: Gladiolh are easily preserved by drying no iteping anywiiere in bags secure from irost. i ne whole class of Lilium lonzl Horum and eiimium, to which the variety known as the Harris or Bermuda lily be longs, ought to be potted in the fall, and kept in a ccol place as we would a hyacinth. We believe it is, or should be, hardy, and can be planted, as other lilies are, in the open ground before frost comes. Snmmer -flowering amaryllis are easily kept over winter as drv bulbs, but it is best that they be not kept in a very warm place or they sbrivel too much. Pot in February or March. The Journal des Roses says that the German name niphetos siiow expressively indicates the soft, tender whits of the niphetos rose. Whenever white roses are desired, it saj s, this variety always has the preference. It was first sent extensively into the trade in 1843. by Granger, of Saisnes, who at that time recognized its great meiits, S andisb, if Baatbot, was the first English florist to give it a push in that country. As in the rase of other roses, there have been times when it has been insisted on tbat it "is only some other wellknown kind." The Journal des Rosea notes that of the many hundreds of roses proclaimed each year as new and magnificent, all but one or two scon enter into the rest and are gathered into the tombs of their forefathers. It thinks that an insurance company that Kill guarantee the novelty and superiority of new roses might do as much business as an insurance company against hail. Green, ferny foliage that will not rapidly wilt as fern fronds will, has caused a number of plants of the asparagus family to become almost indlsiensable to the florist. An addition to this class of popular florists, stuff has been found in Europe in the different species of Kquisetum or horsetails. These have firm fonds that do not wilt easily. Dr. W. N. DsVill. a drnggtst of Jefferson City. Mo., has a plant of the banana, musa paradisica, wnich la bearing fruit. The bananaf generally thrives pretty well In the summer climate of most parts of the United 8'atcB, and tbey deserve more attention for outdoor decoration than they receive. Every little turn or twist in parts of the dafiodil is now enough to stamp it as a new variety, till tbey have become so numerous that few can name any one no. As lnthi case o( Tsrbfnss, petiniu and

similar things, the naming of new varieties

soon gets overdone. In Paristhe stock flowers for bouquets are lily of the valley, white lilac, pinks, violets, peonies, daffodils, narcissus, forget-me-not, honeysuckles, pansies, pyrethrum, horse-che&tnut, roses, tulips' poppies, corn-Mower, asters, grasses, daisies and the hawthorn. English rose-growers look on aghast at the growing American practice ot takiog but a single crop from rose plants in iorcf ng houses, and then throwing away the plants for new ones. They atill cling to the cut-back system of old plants. It is said that a kind of winter carna tion, known among florists as the Philadelphia dwarf, a red variety, will be in full bloom before many other kinds have well developed buds. The caua Illy will endure the winter anywhere in a pond of water, provided the water does not freeze deep enough for the frost to reach the roots. Farm Motes. The farmers of all the early settled atates and the prairies of the West begin to f&el the stringent pressure of the fence question. Pew have accurately counted the cost, and fewer still have discovered any satisfactory way of avoiding this grievous burden, but all feel its weight. Many of our improved varieties of toma toes do not ripen as early as the old kinds that were smaller. They are also subject to more diseases as improvement of quali ty progresses. The hardiest variety is the small, egg shaped tomato, which bears well and yields abundantly on all kinds of soil. Certain colors seem to be the preference in each taction for hogs. The South prefers a black bog (the Berkshire), the West a spotted hog (uch as tbe Poland China), while in ew York and Pennsylvania tbe Cheshire and Chester white (white breeds) are preferred, and even under strong rivalry at times the favorites have held their own. Prominent American poultry-breeders ro importing laree numbers of white dorkIcgs as well as flocks of the Jgray and colored dor Mb es. Their excellent market qualities are being gradually recognized in this country. One serious drawback to their introduction has been the American pref erence for yellow skin and legs, which m no manner indicates quality in a table fowl. At this season most poultry breeders close off tbe surplus stock accumulated during the summer, and which they can not aflord to winter. Rarely can the best fowls be bought, but thoroughbreds can be bad more cheaply than at any other season, it is better for farmers who nave a let of run-out mongrels to close them OUt now and stock up with the best obtain able. If tbey get fewer fowls they will cost less for food and shelter in winter, and next season the number may be increased indefinitely. South of Pennsylvania cabbages are kept in winter by being placed in rows, the heads close together and the roots In tbe ground, the rows being so close tbat all the heads form a covering to the ground, there being no spaco between them. Over the heads are placed leaves, straw and cornstalks. As the cabbages are required tbey are cut off from the stalks, which are left in tbe ground to throw out sprouts for early greens in the spring. It has been demonstrated tbat nutbearing trees can be made to pay more than tbe interest on the value of the land occupied during growth, as well as to return a larger profit at the end of twentyfive years in timber than could have been made on such land in regular crops. Where a fsrmer has more land than he can cultivate, he would find it to his advantage to plant a grove of walnuts, chestnuts or eome other valuable wood or nut-bearing tree. Tines and their companions, the birches, indicate a dry, rocky, sandy or gravelly soil: bteches, a dryish, chalky or gravelly poil; elms and limes, a rich and somewhat damp soil; oaks and ashes, a heavy clayey soil, and poplars and willows, a low, damp or marshy soil. Many of these trees are found growing together, and it is only when one species predominates in number and vigor that it is truly characteristic of the soil and that portion of the atmosphere in connection with it. T'ie question of supplying the demand of the country for good, pure butter is certainly one worthy the attention of every farmt-r and buttermaker in the land. Dair; men and all classes of butter-produce is may continue to rail against butterine, oleomargarine, or any of the compou' ds which are manufactured and sold iu lieu of genuine butter, but with no avail Eniil they shall come squarely into competition with tbe manufacturers of thfie compcurds by making and putting on tbe market a tu perior article. Dairy Notes. The t utter fat of Guernsevs is richer than that of Jerseys. The globule is of a good size so that butter comes quickly. Use the comb and brush as often on the cow as on horses. It will make them feel much better and improve their looks. The creamery system is the most rational and economical dairy process ever employed. It is gaining in public favor every day. ' Karsten dairy products have made their appearance in tbe English market, and the rrospects are favorable for a larre and increating trade in butter and cheese with Ilussia. Water must be pure and never given to stock immediately after feeding. Of course then is when they want it the most, but it Injuns their healh. Habituate them to drink before eating. :- ' -. A cow with a large udder is not 'always an enormous milker, nor is a thick yellow ekin an unfailing eign of rich milk; although these are among the indications respectively of abundance and richness of milk. The usual rule is to save the milk at the end of the fifth to the seventh day after calving. No fixed date can be given. There should be no sign of feverishness or Ic 11 animation ab .nt tne udder, and the peculiar milk of birth known as colostrum, should have entirely passed away. It is the opinion of Dr. Hoskins that there is really no true "gram' to butter, pure butter being homogeneous in its texture. What is called the "grain" is a granular appearance resulting from a general and equal distribution of briny water, separating the little pellets of butter tbat first appear in churning. Farm, Field and Stockman. LitcMock halm. It needs extra warm pens and good feed irg to make late fall pigs pay for winter ing. As a rule pies dropped in October or laer should be sold for what tbey will bring. Tbey will cost more to winter than they will be worth in the spring. . me j-.ngnsn metnoa in raising pure oreds, or allowing the can to take all its mother's milk, is quite too expensive In rearing animals for beef, and quite unnec essary in raising even a first-class animal l he refuse of a dairy, with, oil meal, pea meal, etc., is quite sufficient after tbe third week to grow a fine calf. Stewart. It is remarked that "tbe more than usual prevalence of Texas fever in the North during the past aummer, and the prospect that there will be in tbe future much heavier movements in Texas cattle and greater danger of infection than here torore. win probably result in some very stringent laws concerning tbe movements of the cattle by the Legislatures of the States which bold sessions this winter." Compare the fifty quarts of milk per day yielded by eome of the prominent Holstein cows with the ten quarts from the ordinary uairy cow, ana it win require out a lew mom eats calculation to saaw the loss sua

tained by the use of scrub bulls. When it is considered that a pure-bred bull csn in a few years change the characteristics of a large herd, if the dairyman will raise his cows instead of Belling off those that become dry for the purpose of procuring fresh ones, the surprise is that dairymen still continue to practise the old extravagant method. "Why," asks a Chicago journal, "should any farmer raise cattle to be sold as feeden? There is a wide difference between 2 cents a pound and , and It is quite evident that there is something wrong when a farmer raises a steer to a mature age and then sells him In thin order at the very lowest price for someone else to feed a few months and sell for a much larger price. Either a great mistake has been made in raising the steer at all, or a erer.ter mistake is committed m selling it under such conditions. Where any sort of prudence marks the management of the faim, calculation will be made to properly fit for market every steer raised upon the place, If there is any proSt attending the raising of cattle, it will be found between the prices wbich are current for lean stock and fat." fa The lower price at!3 which tpare-bred short-horns have been sold darin ? the past few years, as compared with what they brought previously, has frequently been used by the admirers of other breeds as an argument to prove a lack of merit In comparison with their favorites. As cattle of older breeds are now bringing lower prices than formerly, this shows that they, too, are subject to tLe same influences that have had their effect on the values of sbort-horas. All kinds of property have felt tbe depression that has prevailed, to a greater or less extent, in all parts of this country, and also abroad, and breeders of cattle could not expect to escspe the effects of this. Tbe low price realizsd for beef cattle, owing to the overcrowded state of the markets, has done much to discourage tbe purchase by farmers of well bred stock for breeding purposes, and prices have fallen off in consequence. Then, too, the losses suffered by Western ranchmen have, in a great many cases,put it cut of their power to purchase bulls a freely as before, or pay former prices, and breeders of pedigreed stock have felt the loss in tbat direction. That these conditions will continue for any great length of time cannot be anticipated, and there are already indications of an appreciation of prices of well-bred stock which famish encouragement to breeders. National Livestock Journal.

Household fJiut. A lump of soda laid upon the drain pipe down which waste water passes will pre vnt the clogging of the pipe with grease, erpecially if the pipe be floodsd every week with boiling water. Delicate Pie Whites ot two eg3, four tablespoonfuls of cream, one large spoonful of Hour, one cupfo! oC white sogar, one cupful Of cold water; flavor with lemon. Lice a pie plate with pastry, pour in the mixture and bake at once. Lemon Marmalade Taxe lemons, peel and extract the seed; boil the lemons until soft; add tbe juice and pulp, with a pound of sugar to a pound of lemon; boil to tl icken. Graham Pudding Two cupfuls of Graham Hour, one cupful of molatses, one cupful of sweet milk, one cupful of chopped raisins, two teaspooafuls of sods. Steam three hours. Sponge Cake One cupful of sugar and three eges; beat well, add one cupful of flour and one teaspoonful of baking powder; mix well and bake. Wash your flat-irons in soapsuds and dry thoroughly, if they at all trouble you by dropping black specks Coffee Cake. One cupful of sugar, one cupful of melted butter, one cupful of New Orleans molasses, one cupful of strong ccfTee, one egg, one teaspoonful ot baking powdtr, one teaspoonful of ground cloves, one tablerpoonful of ground cinnamon, one-half pound erch of rasins and currants, fcur cupfuls of 6 if ted flour. Molasses Cookies One cupful of butter, two cupfuls of molasses, one teaspoonful of clover, one tableppoonful of ginger. suflicient flour to make a stiff batter, not dough.. Mold with the hands into small cakes and bake in a steady rather than quick oven, as they are apt to burn. Cookies. Two eggs, one and one-half teacupruls of sugar, one cupful of butter, one-half cupful of sweet milk, two tspoonfuls of cream of tartar, one tepojafulof soda, nutmeg to taste. Mix io enough Hour to roll, cut into round cakfs and bake in a quick oven. Washington Cake. One pound of brown sugar, one pound of flour, one-half pound of butter, two pounds of stoned rasing four eegs, two teaspoonfuis of soda dis solved in a half cap of hot water, one-half pint of molasses and two grated nutmegs. Loaf Cake. -A very nice loaf ckeismde of one-ball cupful of butter, one and a naif cupfuls of sugar, one of sweet milk, two of flour, two teaspoonfuis of baking powder and tbe whites of four eggä. Flavor with rcse of almond. Boiled potatoes ought to be laid out on a plate, and are then as good for fryiug or mashing as if freshly cooked. If left heaped up they will often spoil in one night. Saison salad To a can of salmon take eight or ten stalks of celery ; cut the celrv into small pieces aid mix with the safmcD, which should also be picked Into small bits; sprinkle oyer a little salt and a very little pepper, end pour oi some good vinegar. A small onion may be ad led if deBired. Poised Doughnuts. Tn the morning take one pint of warm milk, one cup of aur. one-half cup of yerst, a little silt, and set a sponge, make it rather thick. At night add one cup of sugar, one-half cup of lard and two egtrs, knead up and let stand until morning. Then roll out thin, cut round, and let stand on the molding board till Eibt, Fry in hot lard. Drested Tongue Take a corned tongue and boil tender; split it, put in a few loves cut one onion, a little thyme, add some browned flour. Have the tongue covered with water, in which mix the ingredients, add three bard boiled egsm chopped fine ard send te the table garnished with hard boCed eggs. Potato Salad. Rub a dish with a shallot, arrange upon it some cold boiled potatoes cut in slices; beat together three pirts of oil and one part, more or less, according to the ttrergth of it, of tarrsgon vineear, with pepper and salt to taste. Pour this over the potatoes, and strew over all a small quantity of any of tbe following: Powdered sweet herbs, parsely, chervil, Spanish onions, boiled beets, capers, or a combination of them all, finely chopped. Citron Preserves. Tke a citron and susar, equal weight, put the citron in a kettle or stew-pan, boil until tender, then put in a colander to drain ; then take tha water, put it in a kettle with the sugar and boil and skim until clear; then put in the citron, boil until well done, flavor with lemon if desired. Apple Fool, Peel, core and thinly slice some apples of a kind that will cook to a loft pulp; put them in a stone jar, with sufficient white sugar to sweeten, and two tablespoonfuls of water. Place the jar in a saucepan of hot water and boil until the apples aie very soft. Then turn the apples out of the jar into a bo 1 and beat tbera into a smooth pulp. Let it stand to get quite cold, and then mix sutiicient with it to make it the right consistency, or some custard not flavored. Put in custard glasses or In a glass dish and grate a little nutmeg over It. The natural flavor of tbe apples is most delicate in this dish, and therefore any flavoring bnt the smallest eoupcon of nutmeg spoils it. White Cake. One cup of sugar, half a cap of butter, one cap of sweet milk, onehalf teaspoonful of soda, one cap of corn

starch, one cup of flour, one teaspoonfal of cream of tartar, and the whites of three eges If this seem thin after mixing add a trifle more flour. To give precise directions about flour is not possible, as some brands of flour thicken more than others. Potted Pigeon, First clean the tu, then fry some salt pork until quite brown ; take it from tbe pan and put in its place the pigeons; fry until they are brown; then stuff them with the same dressing that is used for turkey; put them in a pot with

water enough to cover them, and let them simmer until tender; take the liquor tbat is left in the pot and thicken it so that it can be used for gravy. Grilled Fowl. Take the le-rs of a cold fowl, core them well and ?ub in plentifully torn, rrencn mustard, salt and cayenne; boil oyer a clear fire and serve with grill saace. Take one eill of rood eravv. add to it one tablespoon! ul of French mustard, a few chopped capers and a little grated lem on peel ; add a littie butter rolled in flour, a few drops of Chili vinegar; simmer quite hot; pour over the legs and serve. Cucumber Pickles. (Re-printed br re nnest.) Pat cucumbeis int3 a jar, and cover with a brine made one part salt to four part3 boiline water, and to every six cucumbers add one onion : let stand twenty-four hours. Take from brine, wash In cold water, wine drv and nut back in the jar; make a pickle of one quart of vinegar, two ounces brown sugar, two sticks cinnamon, two pieces mace. 6ix cloves, two teaspoonfuis allspice, whole black pepper and mustard seed. Let boil for five minute, then pour boiline hot over the cucumbers, and when perfectly cold tie up. One Way to Cook aCntlet Fry an onion finely minced a delicate brown in butter. Add half a pint of hot water, a sprig of thyme, a sprig of parsley, three cloves, six broken all3pice and a little salt. Put In this tauce two cutlets or chops; let thm simmer for half an hour; then drain them and putthem between two dishes under a weight. When perfectly cold trim them nicely. Reduce the sauce one-hnlf after removing the fat; add a clove of garlic finely minced, two large tablespoontfal of minced mushrooms and enough flour to absorb the moisture. Let the pan remain on the fire until the mince is quite firm, and then spread It on both sides of the cutlet. Sprinkle some lemon juice over tbeni. wrap them neatly in buttered white paper and put them iu the oven for ten minutes. S.uüed Green Teppers Take large green peppers, wash thfm and cut twotbirds around the stem, to that it remains sltsched to tbe pepper, BDd remove all the seeds. Make a stuffing of two quarts of finely chopped cabbage, half a capful of graled homradub, three tablespoonfuls of eelety seed, one cupful of mustard seed and two tableEpoonfula of salt. Fill the peppers with the mixture, putting into each pepper one t'ny cucumber and one sirall onion, replace the stem and fasten it With a string. Put the peppers in a large nnglrzeil jar, cover them with cold vinegar and place a muslin beg with a thin layer rf mustard sed over the top, cover the jar and keep in a cool, dry place. Salad Dressing. An excellent salad drcssirg, which, if kept cool, will keep for a long time, is made of tbe yoke of two eggs beaten well with two thirds of a goblet of best salad oil (or butter), addirjg not more than a tear poonful of oil at a time, and besting it well; one teaspoonful of mustard, a large p'sca of ealt, a tiny bit of Cayt nne pepper, two table spoonfuls of sogar, two ot vinegar, tbe jaice of one len on, acd, lastly, the whites of two eggs veil beaten. Beat tbe mixture for several minutes, and then thin with vinegar to suit the taste; put into a glass jar and keep cool and dark. Baked Macaroni with Tomatoes. Take a pound of macaroni (t' e snail, about the sire of a pipe-stem is preferable), breik it or.)y in lengths sufficient for a large pot, the larger the better; half fill the pot with salttd water, a tablespocnful ot salt to two quarts of water; let it co.-ne to a f all boil rfrre puttir g tbe maar.ini in. Lt it boil rapidly for twenty minutes, thfnjlrain tbe mtcaroni in the colander, pour plenty of cold water over it and put it m a bowl of slightly talted cold water to stand till 0 A fn nta C a ywt a rt aF rAm faa I with half a pint of water, a whole onion, I stuck with four or five cloves, an ounce of ; good drirpiogs, a teaspoonful of salt, as much white peper as you can take on the end of a table knife, and as much cayenne as you can take on the blade of a pocket knife. Let it stew steadily for two hours; then thicken with a tablespoonful of batter, ard a heaping teaspoonful of flour creamed together; stir in the tomatoes for five minutes, and then rub through the colander with the potitc-masher; then have a quarter of a pound of grated cbesse, bam or tongue. Put your macaroni in layers in the baking dish it is to be served in, stewing each layer with the cheese or meat, letting the macaroni come on top; then pour the stewed tomatoes over the whole, with a few small pieces of butter. Bake for half an hour. A New Departure in Fairs. The Newark, Conn., Farmsrs' Club and Norfolk Grange", at their Union Agriculnral Exhibition, made a new departure in the js'em ot awards that proved very satisfactory to all parties iuterestel. The oBerof preraiams was a carttii pir cent of ibecah wnich should le found in the treasury after paying all expenses ot the show, S3, for instance, on the white Leghorn fowls, 3 percent; oa best half bushel of potatoes, 5 per :cnl lr?er yield per square rod, 5 per cent; best display of cut flowers, 2 per cent; best display of gripe?, 1 per cerjt, and so ort thr.iuza th list of Uiual exhibits. This insures the club spaait Joss in tbe event of bad weatber, a:td removes the temptation to iura the tlow into a mony-maxU'g or moneyhcarding aflair. The laiori of cacti year aie thin paid fordurirg tit year, in'ead ot leaving a surpla or debt to be tken Cdre of by parties erha: not in the least rer j onntbie for its creation. The p'an is certainly well wortbv the consideration of ip managers of nlufcr fair oranizi'lons. Our shows should be chioi'.v educational erd social in their aims and not financial Vtiurts. Itemove the Mulch. When coarse litter has been placed round the trunks of trees, large or snail, during the summer, to retain moisture in tbe soil, it should be removed now or there will be danger of the bark being gnawed by mice daring the winter. Many valuable trees are annually destroved by mice, which find both food and shelter in the mulch so placed around the traoks. In places specially exposed to the depredations of mice, as when trees stand near stone fences and in heavy growths of uncut rowen, it will pay to protect the trunks by nionnds of earth or manure piled several irjebes higb. Mulch is a good thing iu ita place, bnt mulching may becarried ton far. Constant mulching inclines the ruots to work too near tbe surface. A Tennessee Kace Wnr. Chattanooga, Tenn., November S A telegram from Soddy, a mining town twenty-five miles from this city says, the mountaineers have armed themtelvei and are marching against the negroes of that town. This has aroused the negroes and tbey hare all armed snd are awaiting the approach of the offensive party. The Bbt-riil with a posse has gone to tbe scene of trouble. Great excitement prevails, and the worn en nd children have taken refute at one end of the town, it is a Wehn mining town of 1 ,000 people and about 200 negroes are employed at the coke ovens. Tbe trouble has grown out of a tight between a negro ana a wtute man, in which the latter suflered. The moon taineera now threaten to take the darky or kill the whoie colored population.

Mi tie Baiii Pilfers.

" Royal," only, found free from lime, alum,' and pliospliatic acid, and absolutely pure. Under tho direction of tlio New York Slate IJoartl of IIoiI'Ji, eiglity-fotir different kinds of bating powders, embracing all tli-5 brands that could bo found for sale in the State, vrcre submitted to examination and analysis by Prof. C. F. CiiAXDLr.i:, a member of the State Board and' President of the New Yoi: City Board of Health, assisted by Trof. Edward G. Lovi the v.vllIcnowii United States Government chemist. The official report shows that a large number of the powders examined were found to contain alum or lime; many of them t such an extent as to render them seriously objectionable for uo in the preparation of human food. Alum vas found in twenty-nine samples. This drug is cmployed in baking powders to cheapen their cost. The piesnea of lime is attributed t tho impure cieam of turt.ir of commerce used in their manufacture. Such cream of tartar was aUi analyzed and found to contain lime and other impurities, in mu samples to the extent of t0i per cent of their entire "weight. All the baking powders of the market, with the .single exemption of "lloyal" (not including the alum and phosphate powdei.s, which were long since discarded as unsafe or inefficient by prudent housekeepers), arc made from the impure cream of tartar of commerce, and consequently contain lima to ;v coirespou lhi-j extent. 0 ' The only baking powder yet found by chemical anaUsu t) be entirely free from lime and absolutely pure is the '-Itoyjt." Tins perfect purity results from tho exclusive use of tie.mi of tartar specially refined and prepared by patent processes, which totally remove the tartrate of lime and other impurities. The cost of this chemically pure cream of tartar is much greater than any other, and it is used in no baking powder but thj

U i i Roval." . .;,---v-'

Prof. Love, who made the analyses of baking powders fir th - New York State Board of Health, as well as for thj Government, says of the purity and wholesomeness of ltoy.it": "I have tested a package of 'Itoval Baking Powder' v. hi la I purchased in the open market, and find it composed of p ita and wholesome ingredients. It h a cream of tartar powder f ;t high degree of merit, and does not contain either alum or phosphates or any injurious substances. " E. G. LO

II our to Make Goixl Appl Uultrr. American Agriculturist. Tbe first Blep is to boil down the cider. If tbere is no set cauldron, larce kett'.ea : are hurs upon an extemporized wooden crane, in the. new cider is concentrated by boilice. Tor tbe best product, a barrel of C'der is boiled down to eight gallons. While the cider is bein? boiled, otbers Drepare tbe apples by paring and coring, or j by nnaiteritiK and reruovio the core. Good sweet apples, those which will readi ly cook tender are chosen. Two and a half to three bushels of apples are required for the barrel of cider, after it has been concentrated, and the stirring, with a wooden stirrer (hickory preferred), man be continuous to prevent scorching. The thick, jelly-like consistency shows when tbe boiling is sufficient. When the saace is removed from the fire, many add cinamon and allspice. The Sauce is to be transferred, wüile yet bot, to the es9ls in wbich it is to be kept ; these Bhoutd be wooden kegs or barrels, or stonewire jars, Apple butter is sometimes maJe without einer, usiDg molassea and watr insUwd. When properly made it Is a nut excellent preserve, and vastly more healthfal than that wbich ia cloying from an excess of sugar. On the Safa Sid p. Detroit Fnl PrtM Mr. Frank has brought his childrei to believe faithfully in a veritable Sinta Ciause, bat there was one am 11 seceder Who thought for himself and rejected the nursery belief. When ChrisuniS Eve came last year he con tided to his mother his doubts and fears. MI just b'leeve that I don't b'leeve in any Santa Claus," be said grarely, "though eorjcetimes, mnmma. I don't bUeevs I know what I do b'leeve." Later in the evening, when the whole family wer assembled in the parlor, the doer opened and a genuine Sinta Claus drfps pack, white whiskers and all the regulation features entered. Little P-iii looked around with an incredulous grin and counted the mc-iubers of his tribe. Tbey were all present, and eaci one had a requfstto give 8anta. Thil kept up his unbelief, and Snta Clans turned fr? ro. As he passed into the hall fear and doubt struggled In tbe small boy's mind. Ua didn't believe in any sue personage, but he hated to take any chances. His feet wiggled, and at lest he slid from his chair and ran alter the disappearing figure. As tbe patron of Christmas reached the front door he heard a very beseeching voice gasp at bis heels: "Han-ds 1 e-d!" Not a Bad Substitution. Boston Time. The four-year-old daughter of a Boston druggist has hardly picked up some of the worla'9 belonging to her father's business, as the following shows: . This little miss had prepared to recite in Sabbath school the line: "Search the ecripturea." When tbe teacher asked for her verse, however, she hesitated, then bravely ut tered tbe words: "Hunt for the prescription." You Can't TAw o Xwo. Korristewn Herald. A TV Aman Vit invented and nat act ed a pie tafe. But no pie ia safe if it Is within reacn oi a young aiau iwu wu he returns at a laie nour iron wwuuu seanoe.

When Toar Kervet Itothar To, Invjirate tbem. When your night's r p.'s- is umound or unrefreehipg. your appetite jatfed or capricious, when alight i'O-sefc cau?e you to siart, and annoyanoea of sneht mement abnormally worry you, krow three tbirsn, y:r: 1st, Tnat your nnves aie weak ; LM, tbat jou Deed a tonic; '2 I, lLai i3 rjtiüB is Hostftter's SlomacU IMters the promptest, safest, moat popular ar'icie of if? c ess. The nerves are eaace:tile of ir,v:?oration only by pnmotitg an n.cif ae of vigor ia tbe processes of d;geiion arid icvtgoration. Narcotics aad sttfatives have their utility, but in tha main, and if ireir use be contipueJ, tbey are unsafe. A winecltus ot the Bitter kxfoie retiring, and a repetition c: tne same duiirg tbe dsy beforenr after meals, is far more likely to confer health-yielding sleep than repeated doses of an opia'e. Uysppdebility, inac;iviy of the kiJueys and b'adder. fever and ague, and other malarial complaints, are always dominated aal eubduei by it. Tb few Sloki Crtzi stnp!nli. Frobably no one thing ever created euch an eicitenient since the cheoists have p onouLced it incapable of burin, aud tae doctors Lave pennitted it into their prwtioeasaa auxilary to medicir.e. and the public have found tbe claims for it to M

true, tu tiling nas assumed tne i rm i a crrz'. It takes nervousness and the eatr tired ftclirg from women like a food and dos not 'ota its flect. and tbey literally awe Tin atter it. The dtcggi&ta sII it. When Bby was ick, we gve her Castorf. When the was a Child, she fried for Caslorla. When he bacame Miss, she t'.ua; to Catoria. When sbe ha3 Chiidrcn, she gare tUem Oaatoria. Catarrh Cured Catarrh is a very prevalent diase. with distressing and offensive symptoms. Hood'a S;rsaparill;i gives ready relief and fpeedf cure, from t lie fact it aits through the blood, and thus reaches every part of the system. I suffered with catarrh fifteen years. Took Hood's Sursaparilla and I am not troubled any with catarrh, and my general health ia rauc better." I. W. Liixis, Tostal Clerk CUicac & t. Iuis Kailroad. u I suffered with catarrh C or 8 years ; trle4 many wonderful cures, inhalers, etc., spendIn nearly one hundred dollars without beneit. I tried Hood's Sarsaparilla, and was TCtlf improved." M. A. Aeeev, Worcester, ilxuFlood's fvirsaparilla Is characterized by three peculiarities : 1st, the combvuxtion of. remedial ajents; 2d, the proportion; Sd.taa process ot securing the active medicinal qualities. The r( suit is amefliclne ot unusual strength, effecting cures hitherto unknowa. Send for book containing additional evidence. "Hood's SarsaiwilU tones up y.fyslemi purities my Mood, sharpros I W'J Keems to mnko me over." .1. V. THOMPftOH, llegister t Deeds Lowell, Mass. Hood's Sars.-tparilU 1eats all others, an Is worth its weight in pMd." I. IJA.liKUUTOJ(, IM iuuii ö.rcct, 2ew Volk City. Hood's Sarsaparilla fWd by all dn'Ttrists. $1 ; six for $3. Ml4 only by C I. HOOI & CO., IwelU Mufc 100 Dosos Ono. Dollar, j