Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 33, Number 33, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 September 1887 — Page 2

THE INDIANA STATE SEKT1NEL. WED KEHDA T SEPTEMBEIt 21 1887.

TOPICS OF THE FARM.

My Country Girl In Eaailaga Dairy Farm Splriti til Flour Frcn Potibes. Eaisint HopsStock Water Potatoes Bees Suffolk Sboep Household Hints Life Stock and Farm Notts. My Country Girl. IClevelandSua, Amid the clatter, the battle, the noise Of the busy city's din; JJeyond all lu pleasure, its fan sad joys Its sorrow ,s its grief sad sin ; 'Slid tbe turbulent tumult of life's hot rase la tbe never ceailn? whirl lean Lear tbe sweet voice, lean sea tbe filr face 0! ray bonny country glrL Z know there are beautiful women In town. Smart, knew-lt-all city belles ; Bat tha dear winsome ways of my country maid Their elevernees far excels. And If she la "country." I'd bare you to know, rtr: She ia tweet is the new-mown hay; Her cheeks are as fresh as the roses that blow In the bree-se of a summer day. And It makes ras feel better to know that away From tbe city's smoke and crime. A sweet country lassie is thinking of me And loving me aU the time. And all my troubles and harsher thoughts From my side I seem ahie to burl. When I think of a welcoare that I shall recelre From my bonny country girl. An Ensilage Dairy Farm. Some time ago we gare an account of the dairy conference at Richland, Ojwego county, mji the Utica, N. Y., Herald, and promised at tbe time to f arniah some description of the farm and ailoj of "W. IL Gilbert, where tha conference took place. As a preliminary to su Jh. de33ription, it should be mentioned that the soil of that part of thejeountry Is light and shallow, and is not an ideal soil for a dairy farm. This renders Str. Gilbert's sue jess all the more creditable, and epsakj still more favorably for the system which he advocates. Mr. Gilbert enjoys the distinction of being a first-class butter-maker and at the same time ot telling his cosvj upon ensilage. The time has been, and not many years ago either, when the two facta would have been declared to be entirely incompatible. Not only was it balieTed to be imposiibl to make gotl butter from ensilage-fed cows, but the facts .known at that time seemed to sustain that position. Experience had not taught dairymen the proper time when their fodder ehould be cat ia order to be siloed, nor bad it been shown taem what feed should be used to supplement the ensilage. No one now dreams of feai log ensilage alone, nor do those who nse It sow cut the corn as formerly when it is just in the milk. As Mr. Gilbert says, corn wants to be cut when it is nearly matured, and jost before the kernels begin to glaze. In this state the sugar has beau well developed, and a portion of the moisture departed. The feed is no longer an accumulation of water inside of green stalks, but c on tains a large amount of nutriment in the shape of carbo-hydrates, with a small proportion of albuminoids and fat. The albuminoids and phosphate are to be supplied by a small addition of mill feed to the ration. Mr. Gilbert has this year about forty acrrr of corn land. Tart of this is common corn, but the larger share is the Southern Horse Tooth corn. It ranges from twenty to thirty tons per acre. The com is sowed by drill, using one-half bashel of shelled corn to the acre. He believes that there la not only a waste, bat a dlsad vantage in using more. By plantinz comparatively sparse, it obviates the necessity of thinning it out. As soon as the corn is planted he goes over it with a rollar, and when it is thre Inches hiirh he goes ever it with a Thomas soaoothing-barrow across the rows, and caltintes it afterward. After the corn is six inches higl he stops harrowing. When it is ready far harvest he cuts with a eickle, and draws dlrenly to the silo, where It la run through a cutter and drops from that into a pit. There are three silos on the farm. Two of thtse are In one barn. Their dimensions are thirty-six ftet by fifteen feet, and nineteen feet deep. One of these is divided by s partition, making two compartments in case he wants to pat in an early crop before the main crop. Tae bide are of solid plank, but the bottom is of stone caoasate d and carried up 'ha tide3 about t o feet. Tbe bunding stands s that teams cai drive to a doorwav at the top of tbe silcH, where tbe corn is handed in dirg:tly to tin cutter, whici stands oa a p'atform tem rsnly placed across tbe top ot tbe siljs. On tit a walls a!l ar.-jrnd Ha tha hmvv er Hat are used to waigTit the easily He calculates to weigbt i? abont twi ima drr d pcunda to the tquare foot. The 8tVe for the cows is adj scent to the eilos. A Cir-track rana ti tbe door of tbe sUis, wbtre the feed is shoveled ito a car and is thus carried aljUj? to the Citti-s. Durlr g about five months of the snoaair tbe curs are pat to pasture," bit are fed three quarts of malt sprouts with a little clover twice a day, a morning and at right. For the remaining s?vea mjitbs they are kept in the stable. Tj mil 31 cuvs he fteds eqaal weights of corn metl aid mill feed, .r oats if tbiy are not too expensive. Two qaarts of this mixture are given to each animal threa times a da, the entilge being fed ouly twice, at morning and night, about a bushel apiece The feeding is done with arrest regular ty at given noun, and the milkiag, title a dar, is given with tqual regularity. Cvs do much better when feJ aud milked at seated times than if the hours are varied from day to day. Bea Talk for tbe Youngsters. September Wide Awake. As an example of bird languid, tha ordinary domestic fowl presents the most interesting and perfect rang3, eo commai that it is rarely considered or redacted cpon; not a few will bs atonisbei at the Tocal possibilities of the hen if they wi:l give the sarjret a little investigation Knowing that the hen has a voice, we assume that Its office lstoaüjrd cmtnici cation between individuals. Utlt au hour in a farm-yard will beyoad qastioa demonstrate this, and that certain s Dials are tbe rouivaUnts cf words. Tb.9 crow of the cock is asäur.'dly a challenge the moment another bird is no'icei, and is if pt up either in advance or retreat It is sounded in the morning in an er to others, and is comparable to the challenge or war cry o.f many savage tribes, or even the answering shouts of college bysor men, that are inexplicable on other grounds than a challenge of merits. Observing closely oar rooster, accompanied by nis family, we notice thit the bens pay no attention to the chaileage; but let h'.m find some delicacy, he utters a succession of snort notes, "Tuck, tuck, tuck, tuck!" npoa which the others rush about him ea?er to share. Again, if a Lawk flies overhead, the cock, gaardlaa of the fleck, raises his head and utters a prolonged eo', as different from the former as possible, "Ka r-r-r-e," be seems to say, which translated Into English, means 'lock out for the hawk! run!" aoi Immediately the hens and chickens duck their Leads and rush for cover. Now let a dog dsrt after the head of the family, and listen to tbe clucks and other sounds comics; fast and furious protests in every intoraticn. The hen can not crow, but she has in ether reepects as perfect control of language as ter master. Iodeed, she can sing; pure'y a self congratulatory performance expressive cf deep contentment and complete satisfaction, heard when hsas are

let eat and they are running for food, and upon warm days in spring it ia a "kerr kerr, kerr," differing in its modulation and intonation in individuals. How different is this from the sharp "cinch clack" of the mother hen. The latter is general warning to everybody, and plainly says, "I have a young family, and must be let alone." If a grain ia found how suddenly this is changed to the quick call "Tuck, tuck, tuck!" upon hoarding which the little nces come rushing pellmell: and they understand it the moment they leave the ebell, Indeed, the different notes, or baby-talk, of a hen are of errat variety. No one would thing of saying that the ''cut, cut, ca-da-cut" was a call. It says as plain as words can tell, "f have laid an and

i the bright little egg-hunter who hears, immediately starts for the hay loft, as a favorite hound of mind was in a habit of doing. She understood hen langauge, and fed upon freshly-laid eggs for some time before I discovered that she was a linguist. The moment "cut, cut, ca da-cut" was heard she trotted to the hen coop. When the little chicks are nestled under the mother another sound Is heard, a pro longed hoarse ,;c-r-a-w-z z e, c-r-a-w-x-z.e," which I copy from a happy mother in my possession, without the aid of a phonograph. Enter a chicken-coop at night, and a soft whistling noise is made, a gentle chirping by the birds, sounding something lixe "w-n-o-o-i-e," rapiaiy repeatea, tnit speaks plaid v of apprehension. If a chicken is seized by the le? the "c r-a-i-a l o-u, c-r-a-i-a I-o-u" that follows could never be construed into anything but a wail oi anguish. 8a, if we commense a dictionary of the domestic fowl-lanauage, we might have the following as a basis: Ur-ka-do die-do o o Challenge of mail. Tuck, tuck, tuck Food call of male. K-a-r r-e Announcing presence of hawk. Cut, cut, ca-da-cut Announcement of egg laying. Cluck, cluck, cluck Call for young. Kerr, kerr, Kerr Song of contentment of hen. C-i-a i-a-i o-u Quietln? young chicks. "W-h-o-o i-e (whistle) Expression of apprehension at night. C-r a-i-a-i-o-u Terror and protca t at captare. Tbeee sounds of course vary in individ uals; that is in the intonation, as, like persons, no two bird3 can utter the same vocal sound. Raising Hops, Chicago Times. "Wbtnever the price of grain, wool and meat becomes low, many farmers in various parts of the country consider the propriety ot ergaging in some new branch of busi ness. As hops are high, on account of a general failure of the crop in parts of the world where there culture receives much attention, there is a disposition to eogige in tbtir cultivation, liop raising has cer tainly been very profitable at different timts and in favored locations in this country during the past thirty year?. Sach was the case in Michigan and Wisconsin some twentv years ago. Tbe production of beer and ether malt liquors increased much faster than the production of hops, and the demand for them could not be met by those raised In th?s country. Michigan and Wisconsin were well situated for engaging in hop production. The virgin soil was rich and very productive, while the climate was excellent. Material for poles was so abundant that they could be obtained at a nominal pi ice in the immsdiate vlciuty of where they were wanted. In many places civllicel Indien?, ? who took kindly to hoppickirp, could be hired at low prices to asiet in harvesting them. In bjth of these states lumber for constructing dryinghouses was cheap, as was fuel that is necessary for the progress of curing. The establishment of large breweries at Milwaukee, Detroit, and Chioagi created excellent mtrkets tbat were never at band. The vinra, planted in soil that had prolicad bnt few crops of any kind, made a vigorous growth, and were very productive. As ia the caae of fruit trees planta iia a portion of the connty tbat is new'y settled there was tor teveral years bat littl-s trouble with insects. From time to time attempts have bean made to introduce hop cultnre into varlons parts of the country, but they have generally been attended by failure. Tha hop plant rrquircs peculiar climatic conditions not found in most portions of this country. It seeds considerable and constant moisture, and lacks toe ability to withstand a pro tracted drougnt. Observation and experiment show that hops have not generally succfecied, eiwpt ir the mo3t northern states and territories. The hop fild lies immediately south of the Canadian boundfry and the greav lakes. Violent, dry and hot winds blow down hop poles and injure tbe vines. A nop crop is nnsuited to a re gion subject to tornadoes or droughts. A well-timaered country is favorable to hop, as trees break the force of winds while they famish material for poles, curing-houses,' baskets, andiuei. Spirits and Hour JFroin Potatoes. Consul General Masller, under date ot April 25, 1SS7, send3 the following: Oer many, w:th n population of 47,000,000, raises a quantity of potatoes far beyond its wants es an article of food. Ita larers por tion cf surplus produce is being distilled jd'o spirits known as Kr&umehiachnapps.' The potato distilleries occupy a prorni neit and important placo in the consteila tion of the national industries, and are en' couregd end assistea by the allowance of gnat xport privileges. The smaller portion of tbe surplus is redaced to flour or potato meel. Prices of potatoes are lov, and prod GCtrs complain of tbe nnprofitabsFsof tie potato culture. Table potatoes of fir3t quality are being sold at an average price of 2 marks up to 3 marks .er 100 kilogram, or 2i0 pouadj. The ayerap pries of inferior quilitles, to bs used for distilling and flour making, is 2 marks per 100 kilograms (50 cents, or 12X,Z cents for an American bushel of 50 pounds weight). Potato flour (Kraftmehl) is produced at a Urge rate; its production hss constantly increased during the past decade, owing to its U3e for multifarious mechanical purposes heretofore unknown. It is used in considerable quanties by sausage mrkers, baker?, confec'ioners; also for ccokicgiand powdering purposes. Textile and weaving establishments manufacturing ' za:e IV cot oi prints and other febrics of s lk and otton use it to aizs and strengthen the threads In the woof and ;ive it a glof sy appesranca. Its us a in arge quantities for the manufacture of etaxch and potato sugar and white sirup is generally known. The establishments manufacturing! alizarine and aniline are also using an extract from potato fijur called "dextrine." The quantity of potato flour anaually produced, imported, or exported is not to bs ascertained, for the reason that tbe cdciai statistics fail to give a eenarate account ti ereof, but mention krattrashl only in combination with starch arrowroot and powder. Tbe impart dnty impod upon potato flour Ii 'J marks psr 100 kilograms ($2 30), jost about one half of tbe present market price of the article, tbe average price of potato flour per 100 kilograms (223 pounds) is 13 marks ($1 28). Potato Hour is principally manufactured In Northern Germany, Silesia, Hanover and east Prussia, in which provinces the system of large land possessions of feudal origin aflords greater advantages for mass production. Bees Among The Slavs. TheS'aTS, and especially the Falsi and Southern Russians, nave been known for centuries as being affectionately attached to bees. They believe the little Insects to be posceeaed of an ability to distinguish between virtuous people and people of loose morals, and naintain that virtuous brides and temperate bridegrooms will never be touched by tha little honey mk era. Oo tbe other hand, if tbe brida Is not virtuous cr the bridegroom a drunkard, the

beee will let them feel all the vigor ot their stings, the peasants say. It is for this reason that the beea play a conspicuous part in the peasant love stories, and testa of Tirtae with the aid of bees frequently tc company betrothals and weddings In Kassian and Polish Tillages. An eye-witness describes one of such testa as follows: Several years ago. In a village In Southern Russia, I attended a most amusing test to which a young girl aubjscted her betrothed. It was Sunday. Followed by a throrg of village swains and beauties the bride led the young man to a lime tree Of which a young swarm ot bees had taken possession shortly before. She led the lad under the tree and stepped aside

with hfr companions. The lad assumed an audacious posture and gazsd defiantly at the bee swarm. Soon a general ccm motion arose in tne Dee re an one j.ae eyes of the obsernng crowd, which stood at some diatarce, were fixed with anxiety and excitement on the bees and brtdeeroom. Some of the bees partal buzzing inerilv from the swarm and finally nestled on the hair ot the lad, but he stood erect like a role of oik. Ths fellow even opened his month as if saying: 'I am willing to sws llow the ea tire swarm, 11 neea oei - Tbe bees swarmed and buzzed around his head. Devout silence reigned in the gath ering and only the bride betrayed some fear that the test might prove fatal to her lover. But In the long run the bees began to return to their nest and singularly the lad came out or tne test witnoui re ceiving a single sting. Then the bride was tailed on by the crowd to stand the bee 'eu Ccnscions of her virtue me little iyear old maiden approached the oracular tree, clapped her hands as if defying the stinging creatarea, ana loozea aroana. The bets did not touch her, ahd tired of standing and wtitirg she jumped to tbe side of her lover, embraced him. and exclaimed mid blipsful tears: You sball be my husband, Siepan; you are no drunkard!" Potatoes lor 2f tw York, 'How many potatoes do we eat in a year?" was asked of a prominent West-side dealer by a reporter oi xne ban. - öome experts aay that it takes 2.000,000 barrels or, say, as many as would load 530 freight trains of twenty-five cars each, or a fleet of G71 ordinary potato schooners." "And where do they all come from?" "Washington county." This answer was only intended to convey the idea that Washington county was the chief source of supply. It is commonly believed mat the entire space from Fort Ticonderoga to Eagle Bridge, and from Fort Edward to the easternmost confines of the town of Hebron is but one vast potato-patch. Tbe crop began to come forward about a week ago. The iroy and Albany steamers had small consignments of from 300 to 500 barrels each. Tnis week they will begin to do some business. Toey will have to handle anywhere from 2,000 to 3 000 barrels every day at each landing in thisc'ty. "Will they break tha market?" was asked, "rot a break, ui course, prices weaken a little. We averagel 75 barrel wholesale now. and we will get perhaps $1 CO, maybe as low as $1.50 then. The crop in Ohio and west of tbat State is fchort, and many potatoes usually shipped this way must go west. I expect potatoes to go west even from Rochester. The quality of the crop is superior this year, and on that account prices areray o cents a Darrel mgner. wnat go you think of a man getting 350 bushels to the acre, and selllne; them for more taan a dollar a bushel? Well, Long Island farmers raised that many, but a Washington county man thinks he'll buy his wife a silk dress and his daughter a piano if he gets 250 bushels from an acre." 'IIo; much does he get for his 253 bushel?" "About 35 cents on the average. The dealers up there buy them to be delivered at the nearest river port or railroad station. Then the freight is from 15 to 20 cents a barrel. Of course we have to have a commission for Sellins; tbsm, and tbe truckman has to get something for carrying them from tbe pier to tbe store. That is how the farmer gets about half as much for a barrel as we pp.t But then 200 bushels of potatoes at 35 cents are better than 15 bufhels of wheat at 90 or 80." Stock Water. Western Agriculturalist. In these davs of general drought and scarcity of stock water on many farms, there is heard occasionally a longing for stock ponds as a means of water supply. Good stock ponds, however, are almost entirely things of imagination rattier than of fact. Could they be kept throughout the summer in es pood condition as they usually are earlier in the season, before tbe tile drains that feed them have quit runuiog, or while the spring and summer showers help keep them fresh and living, they might be worth having. Usually stock ponds in times of severe drought are worse than user's. If tot completely drie 1 u, they sre fither miserable mud holes or basins cf warm, stagnant waer, fit places only for the breedln of disease-germs tbat have been carried into them by the surface, drainage from surrounding pastures. To have the surface-water from the pastures go into stock ponds is bad enough, but what of the ponds so located as to receive the drainage from the stable aud feed lots also? Such poDds particularly are a positive damage to the couotry and a nuissnce on farms where any pretensions are made to the proper keeping of domestic anlmils. Good wells are always to be preferred to either stock ponds or streams. The latter are too often, in dry seasons, only mu idy sloughs, or no better than ponds of stagnant wa'er. There is no insurance agaln3t the loss of farm animals from disease more economical or mors safe than may be had by the sinking of wells from which good supplies of pure water can be drawn as needed. Whatever the farmers aud feeders may be prompted by the experieuce of the present season to do for securing better euppnes of water, may tney not re tort to the building of any more of the miserable stock tonds tbat always brine; disappointment, disease or death whenever depended on for stock' water in dry weather. Suffolk Sheep. American Cultivator. One of the most successful Erglish breeders and exhibitors of pedigree stock, in spewing of the Suffolk sheep says: "These are the rent-paying sheep." Though little known in the sheep world, thase slnep have for many years been growing in favor. The region of the Suffolk sheep is indisputable. Fifty yeara ago the castom was prevalent in the eastern couaties of Eoglsnd of crossing the improved Southdowns with a now nearly extinct breed, tbe horned Norfolk. The mingling of the Southdown form and fattening properties with tbe hardy, pure-blooded aud highlybred Norfolks resulted in a valuabla type of animal. In the progeny ths pure blood of the Norfolks asserted itself in the charac'f ristic black faces and legs, and the objectiocable feature, the horns, was eliminated by eelectlon In the courss cf a few j ears. In 1R59. 8outhd3wn-7orfo!ki were christened Safiolks. Tbe Suffolk Sheep society is tbe second registered sheep society established In England. The general move, however, in favorof the Suffolkahas sprung' from a widespread conviction that at the present day the most profitable breed is teat which gives the largest amount of fiae, lean mutton at the lowest cost of production, and the Suflolks have been found to answer admirably the gr&zers requirements in this respect. Particularly adapted to heath and open lands, where stock must live hard and travel a consitsrMe distarce fir food, Boßjlk shee,) are also Wtll sulttd to marsh district, an 1 h u displaced, to a great extent, In htlf bred flocks formerly prefemd In such lisilkies. Recognizing tbe iucreastpg V4lus cf ta's bmd of sbeep, many well-known stock brfl-rln Enalan hav rH"' ii ftvr of S&ffolk;flocke. At a mutton sheep they

seem to have few, if any equals. Suffolk make extraordinary weights, and are extremely valuable as flesh producers. Eoslull flock-masters predict an increasing derxacd for this Bhort-wooled, leia-meat-producing; and hardy breed of sheep. Farm Notes Tomato scions have been successfully grafted on to potato stalks, but to no advantage. Ko oil penetrates wood as well as crude petroleum, none is so cheap, and none so effective as a preeervatlve. Hens must be kept warm and sheltered from tbe inclemencies of the weather if eipccted to lay in winter. The Husbandman says that the farmer who picks out bis fattest and best, sheep

ana lamoa to sen will nod, after a time, his flock so far run down that nobody will caze to buy. A difference in the yield of milk of four quarts a day, even at two cents a quart, is tqual to $24 a year, which' is tha interest at 6 per cent, on $300. A difference of 100 pounds of butter a year is equal to the same amount. With, ten cows this counts up pretty fast. Among the trees most troublesome to drains, in respect to filling them with, their roots, are the willow, elm and poplar. The common locust should never be planted near wells. It imparts a disagreeable taste to the water. The inner bark is poisonous. In this country nearly $3 worth of milk, cream, butter and cheese together are sjid aDd consumed to every dollar's worth of beef. What is more, there is not much danger that the market for dairy producta will ever be less than it ia now It is prac tically inexhaustible. It is thought that at no distant day the cultnre of the olive will become one of the most important as well as profitable fields of horticultural enterprise with us, as it is at I recent with many countries in tbe tiouin oi Europe, whose cairi revenue is derived from the export of olive oil and pickled olives. The American Cultivator remarks that as trees are generally scraped, more harm than good results from the operation. Great care Bhould alwavs be taken not to disturb or inj ore the lower and living part of the bark. A common mason's trowel or a short-handled hoe makes a good scraper. The carrot has more fattening qualities than other roots and for this reason Is par ticularly adapted to sheep, young cattle and all animals Intended for meat. Car rets will help to fatten animals quickly and wih les cost than other roots, aud quick fattening produces tender and juicy meat. It is a fact that a strong nest of bumble bees in a clover fit 11 is worth $20 to the owner, for these insects are the chief agants in fertilizing the blossom, thereby inanr ingaheavy crop of seed. In Australia there are no bumble bees of our kind, aud they could not raise clover-seed until they imported some. rtew i orit bun. If you have old trees that have failed to yield profitable crops of fruit dig the soil up thoroughly and then apply a giod aresMng oi weu-rottea staDie manure anl work thoroughly into the sail. Taen, if j on have them, apply a dressing of wood ashes. If these fail to revive the tree, af ter giving a good pruning, it is about past redemption, ana should give way to some thing better. A pigeon-loft should be arranged on ev' ery farm. There is as much profit in in pigeons as in chickens, if rightly cared for. öell all the squabs before they fly, or use them upon the horns table. Thera is no dantier morsel of food than a squab that has still a little down on Its head. Alter they commended;to fly the tender flesh is soon hardened into muscles, and tney are not so paiataDie. TLe difficulty of curing fodder cora ia its immature state, says an exchange, tempta many farmers into permitting it to become too ripe before cutting. The stag of flowering is considered the be3t time to cut other forage crops, and corn appears to De no exception, tne rule very generally observed among experienced growers it to cut fodder corn for drying in the early blossom of tbe tasseL At whatever age the fedder is harvested it is wise to have the crop cot before being touched by frost. Profit in agriculture means hard work and plenty of it Instead of a few old log gums end box hives and brimstone for the D-es in tbe fail, with no raanvnient, the present demands tbe best movable frame hivep, with large cspacify for surolus, 6imp!e in construction, and admitting of tase atd ep ed in handling one tbat will winter well on maimer stands without ft:i(hfr packing or protection, with en trsrceefsily contracted or enlarged, aad vsith abrood cnamber that ctn bo expand ed at Kill Tb's was tl-e way a country bl&cksrn'.th wss t?en reciovlug tliat portion of a ax bat.dle from b axe that remained in the the eye, the brrakhavinr been close to the iron. The wood could not be driven cut, and as nails had been driven in at the end it cculd not be bored out. He drove the bit of sharp edge into some moist earth and then built a fire around the pro jecting part. The wood was soon charred so tbat it was easily removed. The moist earth so protected the tempered part of axe tbat it sustained no injury. Like pretty much all staple products, says tbe Rural World, wool is an article the value of which is mada to ebb aal flow with annual periodicity. Now the cause is one thing, r.nd again it is another, but be the causa what it may, it usually comes; and yet, taking everything into consideration, that Is to say, supposing the owner has otherwise intelligently handled his flock, wool at from 17 to 2o cents a pound is far from being unprofitable pro duct The money comes in at a season of the vearwhen $-50 or $100 to the farmer is very acceptable. Dr. A. B. Griffiths, an English physician, has just published a communication which is of great Importance to horticulturists and agriculturists. lie demonstrates that iron 6u)phate is an antidote f or many of the most virulent epidemics which attack held and garden ctods. These diseases are due to microscopic funguses, whose structures are built up in a 'some what different manner to the corresponding parts ia other plants. It appears that tne cellulose In these funguses is acted npon by iron sulphate, whereas in the higher plants the cellulose of the cell-walls is not influenced. The so-called "French Mastic," so long known as "Lefort's Grafting Wax," is made by melting one pound of common resin ovrr a gentle fire and stirring in one ounce r f beef tallow. Take from the fire, and when it Bhall have partially cooled mix In eight ounces of alcohol. If this cool it off t o rapidly, it must agsln be pieced over the fire, but great caution must be used to keep the alcohol from takln fire. When well incorporated and cool put in tin cans or class bottles and keep well covered or cotked. This was, until quite recently, kept a ecTet, and the "mastic" Imported from France. American Agri culturist. Live .Stock Notes. A good preventive of hog cholera is s.td to be as follows: For a herd of txenty-fi re head give twice a week of bran about one I-. a ; t-u.it, m eqaart; wo'd asuj, one peck; Kda. quarter of a pound, aad aiout one tab'erpoouiul of cxD.lc acid; all ni xed wtll. Mr. Lwls and many others of our best pU alters assert htt with proo r msnigecunt tley can mte acr oi good clover nroCuce 1,000 poir d of pork, dich pork l hs not c st the farmer all ha gets to prodoce i'. as is of en ths case if male on corn. Hoard's D.-i-yman. Dnfel Lee says In te Southern Ci'tivat or that bre ding mu'i s and horses for cot-

ton planters has been the best business he could do In Tennessee during twenty-five years, and he believes that any other farmer, by keeping five or six brood mares aid working them enough to pay for their keep, might have an income of $500 or $303 a year, and save the wages and provisions cf two laborers. Are yon going to try a few shesp, Inquires the Live Stock Indicator, so as to make some mutton and give the family

test from the regulation salt pork they have had about 3G5 days in the year; to eat do n tne Driars and fence-corner weeds; to leave a little of the best fertilizer here aud thera where it will do tbe most eood. and to raise some staple wool that is ripe for the market, and put spot cash into the family exchequer at a time ot year when scarcely anything else does 7 lit. Hoord says in his Diiryman, spsak ing against general-purpose cows, that racehorse men must have racehorses in or der to win. The dairyman who subiscts himself to the large expense of running a dairy must have specific dairy cows, whatever the breed, in order that they mty win. rue sooner farmers, breeders aud agricultural journals shall get through talking this general-purposs nonsense the less it will cost us all to produce the kind of cow we need in order to make the best profit possible in dairying. The erery-day hcrse that is abla to pull the plough six days out of the week, and if necessary, jog off to church on the seventh. Is the horse that is truly valuable to the general farmer, and the horse that adds ruoeviotUi .am ..1 ne country, e uj steppers may be sold for douo., or treble, or too times t mosey tha; one ot tu hooe&t eld farm horte i will bring, but wnn we regiti to search for the general good tbey have done and the inom they nv bmight to their owners we had it comparatively Bmsll. F. A. Allen, in the TWetr' O'zstte. fbjs thst e'eciin? a s Dglecovor Iwj frjm a herd of 50 or HO. tad ' tes'ine'' thex s the pbiase fow, by extraorriary qu intiues oi stirou!t'"e loo J. 'onn? mo in he e per v nt the butter they vleM ' their brief 4ri' is worth, and giving it out to the world n a specimen of the whole herd from whir ney are taken, is not an accurate way to -vlyertlse them to the pub lie, when the eu ire herd at an average would not show better yields than many other well-bred herds of even our native cows. In a pertinent article on swine feeding. the National Live Stock Journal sava: 'Now, the true way to fatten pigs, at any season of the yesr, is to give a portion of coarse food, such as turnips, beets, carrots. potatoes, cooked clover hay or grase, the last being the natural food oi the pig, and in summer always at hand. If we take all the hogs fattened In the United Statei in a year, and change the tims of fattening from cold to warm weather, one-half tbe grain now fed will make all tha pork. This would be a saving of food, at least, to the amount of $75,000,000 per year." Dorseta are unrivaled for producing the earliest fat lambs for the London and other markets, as the ewes, when highly fed, will take the rani in April or at almost any period. They drop a greater proportion of twins and triplets than any other breed, and are most excellent nurses. The lambs weaned in October or November are. with good f et ding, generally ready for the butcher in about ten or eleven weeks, and the ewes, quickly fattened, afterward at tain twenty or twenty-hve pounds per quarter. Southdown ram3 are generally used when the object is to produce lambs tar winter fciincg. Household Dints, To Can Grapes. Pick them carefully frcni the stems, taking care not to tear the skins much; pat them in a porcelain ket tle with a little water; stir them caret ally and ODly enough to make sure that they are well heated through: then put them in the cans. The pulp will then be whole. and the sauce not all seeds and skins. A Pear Bompote.Wipe, but do not peel the rears: steam them until they are tnI der, take them from tbe steamer, put them in a pudding dish, add enough water to almoet but not quite cover them, and a cap ful of BU?ar to a quart of pears, est them In the oven for from fifteen to twenty minutes. Quinces are also nice served in this way, only they should be peeled and cut in halves. Tomato Catsup. Cut your tomatoes, boil soft and rub them through a wire sitve. To four quarts of pulp add one table spoonful salt, one teaspoon black pspper, one-half tea3poouful ciooamoa, onbaif tfa'poonful cloves and satr to suit the taste. When nearly don idi a little good Btrcng vinegsr. Boil threa hours. Cottle and cork tight; seal the cxk3 with eealirg wax. Chow-Chow Two callous of green tomateee. sliced without peeling, sptiizie salt plentifully over tbem.stand overnight. drain dry as possible, end aid twelve goo l sized ouions sliced, two quarts of gord vinegar, two peunds of saar, two tablespoons each of ground mustard and allspice, one tablespoon of cloves, one tablespoon black pepper; mix all thoroughly, cook until tender, but not soft enoagu to fall to pieces. To preserve the large plums that have tough skins it is necessary first of all to remove the skins. This may be done very easily by dropping a few ot the plums at a time into hot water, then with a very sharp knife removing the skins. Cut the plums in halves: drop them into a syrup made cf sugar aud water. The plums should be weighed, and an equal quantity of sugar should be set aside for the syrup. Let them cook so gently that they will keep their abaoe. Take them from the syrup with a skimmer put them into the cans, and pour the syrup over them, having first removed the scum from it. TRIUMPH OF AMERICAN INDUSTRIES IN FRANCE. An International Cot test of Harveetieg Machinery Uesulta in the Award of a Gold Medal and 300 Francs to the McCoruilck Machine. Pabis, August 11. Special The most important international contest of twiaebinders ever held in the continent has just been concluded at Etregagny, near this city. The ti ill lasted severat days, and wss chsracttr'zed by the utmost fairness on the part of the judges, who were representative agriculturists of France. Toe result was an award of tbe first prizs to an American machine (the McCormick) ovsr all competitors. And the principal Elpliih and American Machines competed, including the Uornsby, the leading Eaglhh twice-blnder. A desperate effort was made by foreign machines to cptura the pr'ze. tut the award of the judges was unanimous, giving the gold medal and 390 francs to the McCormick. IVanUd to Know Dim After AU. I San Fi an clsco Chronicle "William," said the old man at the breakfast table. 'Sir?'' 'I am not pleased to see you so much in tLe compacy of young Jobson. He is a dissipated young man aud he gambles. I should pnfer you to avoid his company." 'He gambles, fat! er, I suppose, ti can afioid to. lie has just made $100,0 0 in the wheat corner." Well still von had hotter bcarefjl." After a little while Wiilian lists from the table. "William." "S'r?"' If Mr. Jobson ia disengaged this evening jou can bring him up to dinter. Perhaps a little good example mty save him, and, William, you can tell him something about tha new mining company I am flcating."

THE WEEK'S TRADE

Mcipiticrs cf Striigancy Jwtifiei by tis Pressure Naw Telt. SI ax y of the Leading Markst Very Sliort Treasury Absorbing Money Production of Pig Iron Failures. Naw Yoek, September 10, K. G. Dun A Co. in their weekly review 6f trade say: All anticipations of momentary stringency this fall, which were expressed months ago are abundantly justified by the pressure now felt in spite of supplies from abroad, far beyond anticipation. Were the merchandise movement alona to control, gold would be going out in large amounts. Instead, gold is coming in largely through operations of syndicates, in the purchase of securities, or for other investments or loans; and yet the pressure is severe. The Boston market is tight, many millions having been sent West for railroad building or other operations. Philadelphia is cautious because of recent failures and consequences not wholly diEclosed. Cincinnati banks are forced to especial conservatism by the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton uncer tan tics and the effests of the Fidelity col p cmtago reports au enormous U:nera done I y note brokers, and high rr8 Md ry merctants and manufacturers. Sr it.ncy Is reported at Nashville and -tlLtith active demand at full rates i Sev Orlesps and the demand in Cleve'ci t 0:i.aha, KanBas City and other cities, . n-uallv bris: on account of activity in trade cr in building. The treasury continues to absorb money. It holds at all points $2,500,000 more gold tban last ßaturdav and $200,000 more legal tenders, agair st $700,000 less silver. Bat the trea3nry absorption obviously does not account for the scarcity, ia view of the large importers of god, ant the conclusion is unavoidable that the drain of money to the We3t and S uth is unusually large. Great aifiicaltv in making time loans, because New York banks have no money to spire except on call, depresses stocks and begins to cause curtailment of commercial transitions. Months ago it was foreseen that real estate speculation, and the attempt to do in one year all the building needed for several years to come would cause some embarrassment, which is now felt. Tbe weekly production of pig iron is not smaller tban a jeer ago, as some asasrt, but according to the Iron Age, an increase of 19 per cent. Except for a few grades, the tone is weaker, and heavy interests continue with much complaint of under valuations. Wheat has been dnll and lower in spite of tbe reduction of ocean rates for grain to Liverpool. Lare export from California in August aud a nominal price above $1 per bushel, are officially reported, and suggest that the effects of the corner are still felt at Lifer pooL Corn is a &hade lower, with somewhat better prospects as to yield, but there is no longer doubt that the crop was greatly diminished by tbe drought another effect of which is seen in heavy shipments ot cutis to a depressed market Gil "bcomed ' to atout to cents on re ports cf a meeting of producers at Pitts burg on Monday, but collapsed to C2 cents on wecnesjay, recovenng a little since. The wool market drags ltfelesy. The boot and shoe trade etiU'lmproves, and dry goods are fairly sustained, but witn urregularuy ia the demand, which makes some Qualities resree while others move slowly. Exports of breadatufis, provisions, cotton, cattle and oil in Aneust were $37.000.000 in valus G.3 per cent, above the same month last ear. But imports at New York for au gust show an increase of 15 per cent. Gold comes this way, not in payment for good, but as a loan. The bu3!re failures daring the las' seven days number for the United State ltiö, for Canada 23, total 1SS compared with 174 last week aud 1S5 for the corrci ponding week ot last year. A METEOR'S FALL. Wonderful Phenomenon In tUe Neighbor hood of BarrUgton, Nova Scotia Barriicgtox. N. S. September 17. A wonderful phenomenon occurred here Thursday night about 8 o'clck. A luminous body looking as large as an elephant, with a long tall attached, suddenly appeared in tbe southeafcttrn sky and shot out ot sight in a southerly direction. The night was cloud lets and without a moon, but the stars went out and a strange soft blue and white light lit up the whole firmament as bright as dav. Tbe lisht was only five or six seconds In duration when all became sud denly dark again. To a person at ihe 3)uth end it appeared like a fearful explosion in the vicinity of the north east arm, in which direction the light was the brightest, but the Eoise supposed to accompany most explosions was absent. A reporter was crcs?ing the norih end common, when he was startled by a sud den buret of fire lighting up the whole neighborhood. The meteor descended like a shot out of the misty air. It looked like a laree electric light, and a lone tail of epaiks trailed behind. The whole pre sented a beautiful spectacle. To the re porter the fiery visitor seemed to strike the ground a short distarce away. Afterward a low. whirrinz sound was heard in the di rection where it had disappeared. The sound kept increasing in volume, till the roar was tei rible. It seems as if the bed of the ocean was a huge pot and the watrr wrs boilirg over. Some people fancied tfcev felt a aliaht tremor of tbe earth, but most rersons felt nothinz cf the kind The noise which was terrifying, lasted fully a minute and a half. What was doubtless the same me'eor was seen in Halifax, but the tims was 9 o'clock. lis fall was accompanied by a most vivid illumination of the whole city. There was a sudden and almost dazzling Hash, lasting for a couple of moments, then ail was over. Al uarnngion oaranesa pre vented the prosecution ot any search, as tbe aDcearacce was not followed by any unuf ual phenomenon. The metor was also seen at Lockport, Shelbnrne. Yarmouth, Amhent and other towns in different parts of i he province. ABridgewater dispatch savs that when first seen there it appeared to be a large falling star, bat before it reached the earth it burst into small stars of exceeding brilliancy, which illuminated the heavens in a truly grand style. A hissine sort rf noise wes plainly beard thr dnrlcß the meteor's fall. A Lockport dis patch eays the meteor was followed a few niiLuUs after its difapper ranee by a sound resembling that of distant thunder. Wore Cleveland's Hat. Washington Capital. An Erelish centleman livinc: in the neighborhood of Oak View lsst week thocsht he might take advantage of Kerublican simplicity in order to shake bands with the President and wife, lis called in the aitercoon, tut found that ths family was at dinner. Sorrewhat hurriedly he picked up his hat and departed. Upoi his return home his wife noticed that the broad brimmed sraw hat on his beat seemed to be unfamiliar. It seemed to b too large for the bead it covered, aad wai eomtwbat tbe worse for wea. Uoon exsaicaiicn it wss fonnd that there mutt have hetn an ncbsrce fi'ec'-ed while at Osk View. This, of course, furnished an txctte for another viit to Mr. Cleveland's coun'ry rome, which, beio paid in the vfning. leiulted in a plessaot tutsrview acd a bfarty Isuvih ciu of the x ctisreel La'. Tb Eiiglifh fotlsa.sn hat than (otep Inio his ahoe.

R. R. r:

RADWAY P READY RELIEF Tha Cheapest and Beet Hdlclne tcx fatally Cat In ths World. BOWEL COMPLAINTS'' Looseness, Diarrhea, Cholera Morbus, or palnHn discharges from the bowels, are stopjx! in fifteen to twenty minutes by taking Esdway's iseaay nenei. no conjre3uon or lnnsmaatJon, no weakness or lassitude will follow tha use of the R. R. Belief. Thirty to sixty drops In half a tnrablar of water will in a few minute cure Crsmpe, Sprains, Sour Stomach, Heartburn. Sick Headache. Diarrhea, Dysentery. Colic, Wind In the xsoweis ana au internal pains. Travelers should always carry a bottle of B;4way's Bea fly Relief with them. A few drops lu water will prevent sickness or twins fro-n a chanre of water. It is better than Freaca brandy or bitters as a stimulant. MAhARIA CTTlTia AKD rZVKR, rEVKB ASS A3 CCXQUXRZS Radwav's Readv Relief Kot only cures the patient seizd d with thisverriDieioeto settlers in newlv-settled districts where the malaria of ague exists, bnt if tb0 peo ple expowa to it wui. everv morning on Ret tug out of bel. take twenty or thirty drops of ta neaay jxeuei in a Kiaas oi water, ana arinic i and eat, say a cracker, they will escape atta its , Practicing With R. R. R. Koyrien, Texas. Dr. Rad way A Co.: Ihivs been usinyyonr medicines f-r the last tweitr Tears, and in all cases ot Chilis and Fevsr I have Dever filel to rare. I never ose anvth'-n: but your Ready Relief and Pills. AnguKt 25, 1SS6. Thomas j. josi FEVER and AliUE cured for 50c. There is not a remedial aent in this world that will tu-e Fever and Ague an 1 all other SKlariout, Billons. Scarlet, Tvnhil, Y'!ow sndohr Fevers (aWeJ by SADvvA.y'3 PiZJS) so quickly as Esdway's Beady Relief. Billious Fever Cured. Da. Baewit Sir: I am doin f?at tool witi your ReaJy Relief and PIKa. I thaw jurt recovered fron a revere attvfc of bilious f v?r, alter beln under the doctor's care ottr two weeks and getting no better. My nsother was witn me; sae said: "ow, I want yoa to try Dr. Radray's Re'ief and Pills," So I put aside tha doctor's powders aad other stuif he had l't, aDd took a dose of your Pills; folloce t tbat with Relief. From that I got better, and in twi dap I went to 6?e my neighbor, who laid, as I did, nnder the doctor's care. I tola her wnst I had done, so she bet aside her raeliclnoaal took Dr. Rsd way's medicine. Shs is now Rai ling Detter fast. Another lady was tuen wui bloody flux; I told ber ot it; she also quit ths doctor aud took your Relief, and was better at orce. Sins, Sazah Jasx wisxl, Wells, Minn. TUB ONLY PAIN REMEDY That Instantly stops the cost excruclstri pains, allays In ft a ram a tion and cures Cos ration whether of tha Lanes, btoxnacä. Sowais. or other glands cr crsraus, hv one application. LN rGM UM TO TWINTI ölMira No matter how violent or excruciating the paUia the Rheumatic, Eod-riilen, Inarm, Crippled, Nervous, Ncoralzlc or rrostratdd with disease may suffer. Radwav's Ready Relief WILL AFFORD INSTANT EASE. Inflammation of the Kidneys. IaBamm at!03 of the Bladder, Inflammation of the EowebJ. Congestion of the Lungs, bore Throat. Difficult Breathing. Palpitation of the Heart, Hysterics, Croup, Dlphtaeria, catarrh, lnnuenza, usaaache. Toothache. Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Gold CbillB, Afrue Cbklls, NerTOUsns. MleeplensTiesa. me application oi ready KUkk to the part cr parts where the pain or dicolty exiiU, will afford eahe and comiort. Singing With Delight. Aixn3irEiT. Pa.. Jan. 1. 18S7. Dr. Radwav A Co.: Yesterday I wu Buffering agony with pain Iat!eDeck and head: I procured your Rsady Belief, and in an hour after rubbing it oa wu singiag to myself with deiight at my sudda reliei irotn -pain. A. u my mends Know wnat l aller every few weeks, and it i the only thing that does me good. Hi&UEU. W.H0K3. FIFTY CENTS PER BOTTLH. Bold bv Druggists. DR. RADWAVS Sarsaüarillian Resolvent The Great Blcod Puti&er, For the Core of AU Chronic Disei . Chrsikio K&3zr2at!xm. Bcrofal. 6crofuloa Complaints, eta, tilandnlsr tiweLlnr. Hacking Dry wnga, i;anoprous AtracnoES, uieeJlrsox the Lungs, Dyspepsia. Water Braeh. White Swelling, Tumors, Uloora, Kip Disease, Gout, Diopsv iucsers, sail Knenm. urot-UUUa, ucn rumption Liver Complaints, etc HEALTH FOR ALL. Pore Blood makes sound flesh, strong bona and a clear s&tu. If you would have your fiosi firm, your bone sound snd your ooisp'eiioo fair, use RAILWAY'S gARSAPAElLUAH RÄ-60LYEN-T. It possesses wonderful power la caring all forma ot Scrofulous aud Eruptive aliases, fc5-lhiloid Ulcers, Tumors, Sores, Fnlarge-l Glands, etc., rapidly and permanently. lr. Kandoiph iicmtire, ot ist. uyaciutne, c&na.ia, savs: "I completely and marveknuly cured a victim ot So ro hi la ia ita lat stage by fol'owtn? your advice given In your little treatise on that disease." J. F. Trennen, uoatn gt. Locis, mo., "was cured ot a bad ca!e of Scrofula after harine been given up as incurable." THE SKIN. After a few d'rs' ue cf the baeaap ian.Uii tcemes clear and beautiful. Pimples, Eiov tit, Black Spots ami Bfcin Eruptions removeo. A jr.t and ulcers soon cured. Persons suffering from Scrofula, Eruptive Diso.- of the Kjeo, 14 jam. Ears, Logs, ihroat and Uianaa, that cave accu mulated and apreau, eittcr irom uncurei a seases or raeivury, may rtly cpon a cure iJf tia Earsanarilla ia con tinned a snfflcicnt nrse ta make Its lnpreesion npon tbe syntax Hold by ail Drn(isU ON3 DOLLAR PER EOTTLK RADWAY'S PILLS. The Great Liver and Stomach Remedy. Pertectlv tattcioss. elecantlf ooatod wr.n sweet (rum, puree, regulate, purify, cleanse and strengthen. RADWAV'S FILLS, for the cure of all Disorders of the Stomach. Liver, Bo weir. Kidneys. BUdder, Netvotis inseabea. Constipation, (Jostiveness, Inoi.Trstlon. Dj-p,-psis, Biliousness, Fever, Iuflammatlon of tne Lowe!, Piler, and all deraiKctnents of ho lrtercal viscera. Purely vegetable, conta'.Eimr no urrt-n. ry, minerals, cr deleterious nro?s. nice 20 centa per wix. noia uy au cruEgiia, Dyspepsia The svmntoms of this Jisease are tie teptoms of a broten-doii stomach. Indite .tu-n, Flatulency, luartburr. Acid Stoinacti, Tain alter Eatirp KivlnR rise snxnetitres in the mot-t excruclaucg LViic t jroeis or ater tsra&a, eio., etc RADWAY'S SA P.APAEtLLI AN, aided ry Radway's Pills, Is a cure lor this complaint, it restores streu Rth to the stomah and makes it peiioru its funetioH. Take the medicine aeoorolng to directions ard observe what we y In "raise and Tire" rtspcrtir? n. UTppiB nun rkipiiaKoib BI.ACX Kiveb, fl. 8 lr. Kattway IrAB83: I have for years N?en troubled with ljier!a and Palr-italiou of the Heart, ana iouDa lu little relief ut til I tried vr.ur fills and Eeaoiv ent, and they cured me. ours truly, a a a lVVTVP A. r. CAXLUÄ DyspepVa cf Lone 8tacdlcy; Cared Er. Badway: I hsve lor chny years been afflicted with D)pf pel aid Livtr Coiapiamtand found but littie relief cnt'.l 1 Rot your Püü and Resolvent and tht y mafic a leriectcnre. They are the test mdlUue lexer bad lo my life, our friend fercver, WILLIAM KGOKAH. Blabckaso. Mich. TO THB PUBLIC. Ee rura and ask for XJSYf ATO, and Ui Ust tha &AQJ "JLLr7AY" li an.vk4 ta3BT