Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 33, Number 12, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 April 1887 — Page 6

TBE INDIANA STATE BENTINEL WEDNESDAY APRIL 20 1887.

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TIMELY FARM TOPICS.

Tie ETiie Pias Bert Sali fcr Fropigitics Horm' Ccais. trawbrrt Milk for Com Early PotatoesLean tock-Hoosehold Dints -farai Note, Etc., Etc. Tlie Swine Plague. IChicago KeraM.l The lossta frcra hos cholera in Indiana alone for the past year are estimated to amcnnt to f ally $3, WO, WO. And the deduction from it in other pork producing States is reckoned to be equally extensive, ror is the great seriousness of the lo3ses disposed to oe questioned in any quarter, bens tor Van YYyck; ma-Ie a proposition whfn the bill for the extirpation of the t attie disease was up before the Senat, that the legislation in regard to that contagion should include legislation for relief from he? cholera also. Eat those competent to eptak in the b: alter oppose any such plan, for the reason that plenra-pneumonia is a foreign disease which has not yet widely apread itself in this country, and, tbere- . fore, can be effectually stamped out and kept cut by the employment of prompt aEd positive measures. The design is to f'Tevent the spread of this contagion to the arge cattle ranges, where It would almost inevitably establish itself beyond the power of eradication. More than that, it is a disease that is thoroughly understood, and it is definitely known now to proceed to overcome it. The surine piaffe is not so well understood, and therefore can cot be proceeded aeainst practically until a more extended experience and much wider and more carercu observation nave enabled us to aesigrare the practical Pleasures proper tobe taken in contesting ft. They are trying to s-tamp it out in J-.ngiand now by quaran tine and slaughter, but with no very prom ising results. Experiments are likewise being made there with inoculation," but even saoald these prove a success the prac tice can not be made a general one among farmers for obvious reasons. So it Is still a matter of pure conjecture to know what is the effective thing first to do, and afterward how to do it. The utmost of all present knowledge respecting hog cholera is yery far from containing the elements of a theory for combating it succession. The liest Seeds f or Propagation. Nursery men are well aware that seeds of the best and choicest apples are not best for planting. All that is wanted is stron?, vigorous stock, and this is the best secured by planting seed3 of the small, inferior varieties, too poor for anything except making cider. These are generally used not atone because they are easier to get, bet because they are the best. If we wished fruit from these seedlings only seeds from tte best flavored varieties would be planted: but as the propagator invariably grafts these, then the kind of fruit the seedling might bear is immaterial. The chief drawback to this method of getting trees is that it gives little opportunity for valuable chance Beedlings which used Ecmetimes to De obtained. 1 erhaps, however, it is as well that improved varieties ef fx cits should be bred, for b selecting seeds from the choicest kinds, and by cross fertilization, much ot improved s.ojfc is bred. This will make two kind3 of sseJa, each best for its resDective purpose, one including the great bmk of seeds from inferior licit for producing stocks, and the ctl.tr the carefultv selected few see ls f r tte amateur and specialist seeking new va rieties. Chat gleg Horses' Coats. v hue horses are shedding their coats they should be well fed and not overworitd. It is important to have the new coat on beiore active farm work begin, as tne cnangtog process is Jeoj.t tin. lnorocgh grooming at this time is very impor tant, and tbere should at all timed be work enough to prevent the muscles from becoming weakened by disuse. Unless torses have some work in winter the fat ttey then put on will do them little good. besides the certainty that the shoulders win gall when the horses are put to hard pulling. To Uruw strawberries. The main points involved In the successful culture of this fruit, as recognized by cur oeei cultivators, are as follows: 1. Prepare tne ground by deep plowing and subsoiling; apply a dressing of rotted manure equal to twenty cords per acre: spread it over the ground and mix" with the surface soil by repeated and thorough disintegration with a harrow. The best crops are produced oa strong, Irani y soils; if scmewnat ciayey it will be all the batter, provwea it is drained. 2. Give the plants plertyof space. The rows should not b less i lau thirty Inches apart, and the plants about half that dis tance between each other in the rows. 3. Remove all runners as thev appear. and keep the surface well pulverized and clean during the summtr after the crop has been gathered In old plantations the same cleanly treatment applying to newly set out plants, it young plants are wanted, keep a portion ot the plantation for the inrpose. 4. Cover the plants in winter, after lae freezing weather sets in, with strav, leaves, or other similar material, as a partial protection from iDjury by frosts. 5. Do not disturb the roots by any pro- . cess oi cultivation from the month of September until after the crop has been gathered. C Make a rew plan'ation every vear. and destroy the old plants after they have irccncea a second crop. balm Milk for Com. There are many times in butter dairies i where the most prohtaole use of skioitned inilk is to feed it again to the cow which baa given it. The milk, after the creau Las been taken from it, retains the ele ments that most cows find deficient in their food. With plenty of zrain tbe caw cm easily supply the carbon or fat-formintc elements of her milk, provided she can get ice caserne and aionminous portions which the ikim milk furnishes. It is the drain of these that hurts cows most, and they should be supplied, if not in skim milk. teen in some other food equally nutritious The Average Number of Kg. I here are 2 days in a year, and of that number we must deduct 10) days as the molting period, as it usually requires about three months for a ben to shed her feathers and put on new ones. We then have -o days left. As no hen can lay an egg every day, it is apparent that the hen that lays 200 eggs In a year can not stoD to do much werk in hatching; sie must not become sick, and she can not afford to lose anytime. If a hen lays ten dozen eggs a year (litt), the very nearly lava one everv c:her day, and if she does that and raises a brood the is performing good work. For a coca:, wnere good layers and inferior lay ers axe together, we should not be disap pointed ii tne nens averaged 1W eggs each and rrlsed broods. Kleh Soil for Early Potatoes. Nebraska Farmer. 1 The potato requires more expenditure or both seed and labor than any prafn crop, and it follows that it should be planted on rich soil. It is not safe to manure late potatoes heavily with fresh ttibiC mmnr. its fmant.HAn In K . ' - "J a m a UJ . tVll . L. O oil makes jnV, the conditions in which th potatoot fungus nourishes; but in lick land frora previous manuring this danger does net exist. For early potatoes the land can scarcely be made too rich. The crop, if marketed before rot, in even the most unfavorable season, can do aerlcza injury. Fresh mtnare is often of great JLtztUtz tix'y potatoes oa land that is

amply lertue to produce a crop

without it. As it ferments it teeps the soil moist, which for early potatoes set during the extreme heat of summer is a point of the greatest importance, iloisture is apparently a greater necessity in making an early potato crop than fertility, though rich sous are apt to keep more moist in dry weather than those less fertile. The most successful potato growers, partially Insure their crop from severe drought by subsoiling. This requires extra labor, but the reservoirs ot moisture thus stored in the subsoil keep the potato tops fresh and green long after those on land not subsoiled have withered from combined heat and drought. Subsoiling is a partial protection against the potato blieht. It saves the plants from the sud den extremes of temperature which prevail in shallow soils, they beiDg the most com mon causes the blight Lan Stock la the Show King. I Prairie Farmer. An English .armers' club has decided to establish a show of "lean stock," or of stock in breedinz condition, in connection with the exhibition of fat stock. The experiment is worthy of trial in this country. The fact that judges of live animals and the judges at the block diifer so frequently suggests that experiments in judging ani mals are needed, ine Dreeaer knows that he can tell more about an animal if it is merely in good condition than if it is pedded out with great masses of fat. under the present system the exhibitor is encouraged or compelled to make his animals fat. If this other class could be raaie, and animals from the same herd com pete in both classes, exhibitors could show animals as they keep them in their breeding herds, and other animals fatted and to be judged on the block. A victory in the two classes by the same herd would certainly be more than twice the honor of a victory of fatted animals alone. The class can be easily limited by allowing only those animals that are not fat in any sense of the word, though not necessarily very lean, to compete. This mirht sem to work against what the fathers of modern breeding hive done in the way of producirg animals of the beef and pork breeds which fatten easily and mature early, Ten dency to fatten is transmitted by breeding well-fed, fat animals. Breeding for fatness has been carried on too rapidly, in both the breeding of cattle and of hogs. Strength of some special function, as fecundity or digestion, has been impaired, or the whole constitution has been weakened In too many single specimens and families of animals. Many breeders who are no longer amateurs have had mapy losses from cows failing to produce young, where the trouble could only be attributed to an inherited weakness of the reproductive organs. caused bv the over-feeding of a long line of ancestrv. Aside from all contagious diseases, it is generally rec gnized that hogs are row more unhealthy than formerly, and that this difference has been brought about in great psrt by keeping breeding anuoals in more than good condition. The anc stors of our hogs were mainly keot by men who fed and bred them after improved methods. Men who have cared for their hoss tonrlv. or who have prac ticed other than the pushing methods, can not claim that their stock enters very largely into the herds in their vicinity. It has bf en the pood feeder who a8 sold the males, ami the cboi -e brtiedm rows. ' Many things have gone to magnify the animals that show well. Men have learned tv judg the show aniniil, bat are overlooking the question of how to best judj;e the animal when in breeding condition. Exhibitors of stock are public edu cators, and besides showing what kind oi mature animal is wanted in the market?. they should illustrate to the stockman what kind cf breeding animal will produca the best mature r.r :me'. Men do not ee ;ect DreeciDg stock from hcrai red e?pecially for the show-ring. 4IC notation aod Soil-Jinking. Correspondence Country GeiHlemau.l There is no doubt that tillage is a means of adding to the strength of the soil. The mere stirring and tumbling of the land about does not add any enriching prop erty to it, but it puts the earth in a condi tion to receive benefits to absorb the gases coating in the air. 1 assume it to be an estaDiisned iact that the earth when m a mellow condition does absorb the nitrogen which is always present in the air, and which Is carried down to the earth oy the dews and rains. The ofteaer the earth is stirred, and a fresh surface is turned up. the more of this element of plant-food will be absorbed. The earth being mellow, the rains penetrate further and carry the am monia deeper down. Thorough tillage also allows the roots of plants to spread more or to go deeper, or, in other words, to reach out more in all di rections after food. In a dry time more of the dews are absorbed, and more of the rain, and the same condition of mellow ness allows the moisture to come up from beiow toward the surface. A Small Donkey. The lollowing description of a very small donkey is sent oy a correspondent to the lave btock Journal, .London: "The don key, although eight years old, stands only twenty-nine inches high and is forty-one inches long. It was purchased at Montpeher. and some few years since it at-. racted the attention of that king of clowns. Little bandy,' who i c mired it to ride and piay tricks with in the circus. It develcpea into an apt pupil, and was an espe cial favorite with Sandy and his wife, but on ine aeain oi tue latter the donkey was sold, and joined a 'happy family at Mar gate. I Itimately this company was disbanded, and the poor little animal su tiered mucn irom hardship and neglect until Mr. bttunders, of o. A'i Dymock street, Futham, purchased it as a curiosty and pet for his househ: Id, and he takes delight In snowing it ?o unirrai- ov-r. Last week the Trlnce and IMnoss of Wales and the Duke and Dacbess of Westminster cave au dience to tbe diminutive curiosity, which appears to bear these honors with true asinine complace cy. This small donkey, wmca iis uniiergone so many changes in so few years, is a perfect little model, and for is size is wonderfully stroDg, as may be gathered from tbe fact that it carried a fourteen-etone mai round a room without an effort," An Onion Farmer. Mr. r. 31. akeman, Green's Farms, conn., is an example of a farmer who "minds his own business." He bas raised crops the past season, says the New En gland Farmer, which he expects will bring mm irom o $10, wu perhaps more. Thirty acres were in onions, and the yield was 4,(XK) bushels. He has been selling the crop ever since it was harvested, but hav ing traveled over the principal onlon-pro-aucmg sections in tne country and learned il A. A t .T mat me crop is consiaeraoiy oelow an average he bas not forced bis own upon me maraet to get no oi it. With several large buildings fitted for storing the croo, he is enabled to keep them as safely as any oeaier couia keep them, in one large building, made like . an ice-house, witü double walls, he has a small stove for keep. ing the temperature at a safe point By noioingnis crop mis year he feels prettv sure of making a large profit above the cost oi production. Other farmers, learning of his success this year, will probably go into onion-raising with a rush next year and nnd a heavy market In consequence. Forest Tree Heeds. .Bulletin No. 1, of the Ottawa experiment station, gives excellent directions for the treatment of forest tree seeds, of which the following Is briefly the substance: Seeds which mature early, as the elm and some maples, should be sown Boon after gathering. Sugar maple, negundo, and ash seeds keep over winter In cool place, not too dry. Acorns, nuts and stone fruits do best ii p' an ted in autumn, or kept over la moist

I

sand exposed to frcst and planted early in the spring, fehade from hot sun, or from alternations of heat and cold, Seedlings of - evergreens grow slowly, and require shading in hot weather the first year. Scaking with hot water, to remain twentyfour hours before planting, will hasten the germination of hard seeds. If planted too deep seeds will not grow. Nuts and acorns will do an inch deep, the soil being pressed upon them. Smaller seeds require shallower planting, with finely pulverized earth. Those which require a year to come up should be shaded in summer and the ground kept free from all weeds. Hindoo's Mode of Iteapiog. The Milling "World tells its readers how the Hindoo reaps with an iron blade six inches long, an inch wide, and curved like a sickle, costing him four cents. He squats on his heels, culs a handful, lays it down, and without rising from his heels waddles forward and cuts another. In twelve days he cuts an acre, and receives five cents a day, boarding himself. When he wants to thrash his grain he drives a stake in the ground, spreads his grain around it, ties a rope to his bull's horns and then to the stake, and drives them around until the straw is tramped very fine into what they call '"blioosa." This is fed to thi cattle after the wheat is separated. Englishmen have Introduced threshiDg-machines, but the Hindoos will have none of them. They think their cat tle would not eat the straw because it breaks it instead of tramping it flat. Thev clean their wheat by holding it up in the wind in a scoop made of reeds, or, if the wind Is not blow ing, two Hindoos make wind by waving a blanket, wnue a third ariDbies tue grain from the scoop. HOISEHOLD HINTS. For Sprains. The white of an egg and ' salt mixed to a thick paste is one ot the best remedies for sprains, bruises or lameness for man or beast. lino well the parts affected. To Relieve Asthma. Wet blotting pa per in strong solution of saltpeter; dry it and burn a piece three inches square on a plate in sleeping room, and it will afford quick relief. To Cure Chilblains. Soak feet for fifieen minutes in warm water; put on a pair of rubbers, without stockings, and go to bed. Dolly Varden Cake. This requires three eggs, two cups of white sugar, three-quar ters of a cup of butter, one cup sxeet milk, three cups of sifted flour, two teaspoonfn's of baking powder; take half the mixture and bake as two jelly cakes. lo the rest add a tablespooniul of moiasses, one cup of chopped rahicis and currants mixed, one teaspoonful of allspice and cinnamon. Put the cake together when baked with jelly, currant or lemon, and frost the top. II one wish, one ot the white layers can be colored pink with sugar sand or red jelly dissolved. Sronce Cream. One pint of fresh milk. three tablespoon fuls of good gelatine, three tablespoonf uls of sugar, three ezs. Pat gelatine into cold milk, let it stand a little while; put on sjove and bringniilk to boiling point; then add the sugar arxl yelks of eggs which have been well beaten together. Kemove from the fire and stir in th whites, which have also been beaten stiff. Arid a little salt and flavor to suit, and pour into molds; wet erst so the cream will turn out easily. Canning llhubarb. Feel the stalks and cut in small pieces and wash in cold water. 1 Jace in a keitle with snincient sugar ami only water enough to keep from burning. fetcw as for sauce aDd can jame as fruit. In the winter it will taste ts fresh as if iust cooked, and is nice for either sauce or pies. Snow Pudding. One pint of milk, two tablespoonfuls of corn 6tarch, whites of three eggs; dissolve the corn search in a little of the milk, stir in a small half-cupful of sugar in remainder of the milk, which place on the fire; when it begins to boil stir in corn starch; stir constantly till it becomes a smooth paste; now stir in the whites of the eggs beaten to a stiff froth, stir over the fire long enough to cook tbe eggs, flavor and mold. Kerve cold with a custard made of the yolks of the eggs, a pint of milk, and sugar and flavoring to taste. "When beating the whites of the eggs a pinch of salt hastens the stiffening. Banana Charlotte. Tie sides oi a quart mold are to be lined with sponge cake and tbe bottom of the mold with thin slices of bsnanas. Fill tbe mold with stiff whipped cream, feet it aside in an ice-box till wanted. Remove carefully from the mold and serve. Fiosted Rice. Boil one 'cup of rice ln milk till very tender, salt or season it. Beat yolks of eggs with the rice Ina deep dish. Beat three whites to a still froth. with a little sugar and lemon; spread over the rice and brown in tbe oven, rot on ice and serve cold. Apple Custard. Two eggs, six teaspoon fuls sugar, one cup cream: beat the mx ture thoroughly and favor with lemon. unless iome ether flavoring is preferred. Then take a teaenpful of stewed apples. mash them and add them to the' other in gredients. Make crust and bake same as egg custards. Ornamental Frosting. For this purpose use a email syringe, draw it full ot the icing and work in any design you may iancy. wneels, urecian border, Mowers, or borders of beading look well. In the absence of a syringe, the icing may be ap plied through a sheet ot stiff writing pa per rolled or folded into the form of a fun cel. custard tig3. rat the wasnad eggs in a sauce pan of cold water and let them just come to a boil; then take them up. Or lay in a hot tin pail ; coyer them with boiling water, put the top on the pail and leave them on the kitchen table for hve minutes, Drain oS the water, pour on more boiling water and replace the top. Wrap a bot towel about the pail, and leave it four miiiutea beiore dishing the eggs. They will be like m soft custard throughout, and more digestible than il cooked in any other way. Potato Salad. Slice thinly eight or ten good-sized Irish potatoes (boiled and cold). chop finely one good-sized apple, one and a half small onions, rinse and chop the leaves of a large handful of green parsley, Spread a layer of the potato in a chopping iray, sprmjue imeraiiy witn salt, men nan the parsley, apple and onions, then the rest of the potato, then more salt and the other half tf the parsley, apple and onion; pour half a teacup of sweet oil or melted butter over the whole, with a small cap of vintgsr. Mix the whole carefully so as not to Dreas me potatoes. F4KM NOTES. Repairing the damages of last winter de mands attention first. Corn that is In the least degree affected by rust should never be used. Farmer are reported to consume 35,000 tons oi twine per year on reef binding har vesters. Avoid strong food with your breeding sows, as ii lncames me oiooa and produces a levensn condition. Quiet a kicking cow simply bv Duttmp a strap in her mouth and buckling it tightly If mounds were made around the base of the trees to stead v them or to keep away iiiiue, remove auu acaiier mem. urass seed is not easily killed, and for that reason may be sown as early as mty be desired. The rain object should be to select clean seed. Branches that were broken during the winter should be cut near to the trunk, a smooth cut made, and covered with grafting wax or thick paint. If early cucumbers, melons and summer squashes are desired place pieces of sod three or four Inches square in a shallow

box, grass side down and close together. Sow seeds enough for a hill in the earth of each piece of sod. The box may be in a hot-bed or in a sunny window. The plants will In due time fill the sod with ioots, and when the weather will allow trans'er each piece of sod with its plants to a properly manured hill in the garden. A Western inventor claims that prairie grass, ground into a pulp with corn-stalks and pressed into blocks, makes an excellent substitute for wood and coal. , Eggs intended for hatching should not be over two weeks old. If much older it takes longer to hatch them, and the chicks are, as a general thing, not so thrifty. Milk may be canned just as you would can fruit. Bring tbe milk to the boiling point and fill your jars to the brim with it; then shut air-tight. This will keep any length of time, and be just as good when opened as when it-was put up. Some carefully conducted experiments made in Germany appear to prove conclusively that beets and other vegetables grown in rows running north and south contain more sacharine matter than those raised

in rows running east and west. Every improvement in the garden, say3 the Orange County Farm e reduces the demand for the doctor's (;rvices. Let fruits do away with the dennd for drugs of all kinds, and excellent vegetables in fart replace the excessive use of animal ood. One thing seems to have been quite well demonstrated that a larger quantity of potatoes, as well as potatoes of abetter quality, can be raised with chemical fertililers than with manure. Before coing into silk culture find out what varieties your land is best adapted to produce, and give those varieties the preference. Situation as well as soil adaptation should be considered. "When you wash young trees use a cloth. On old ones a stiff scrnb-brush is better, as it will dislodge insects that have taken up quarters beneath the scales of the bark. Kot only does the linden tree produce honey in great abundance, but its quality is regarded by riany as equal, if not superior, to that yielded by white clover. Thin out instead of shortening in a tree when ycu transplant it. It is a mistaken notion that it is the proper way to cut on the ends cCall the limbs. Dandelions, willows, and skunk cabbage are the first to yield honey to the bees in spring. Then comes the blo-ssums of fruit. hard maple, white clover, small fruits, b a. say ood, sumach, winding up with goldenrod, aster, Spanish needle and smart-weed. A large amount ot , alfalfa seed will be sown in Montana Terrltor this spring for the purpose of raising fodder for cattle during the winter. The experiments made last season were highly successful. During the year 11,000 pounds of beeswax were shipped from California by sea to Europe; 41,000 pounds by overland by rail, mostly to ew iork, ,aad J.OJO pounds via Panama to New-York. An apiarist in France claims that he has made experiments which prove that only from six to eight pounds of boney are used by the bees to produce a pound of comb. Some sugar was made in Dakota this spring from sap obtained from white maple trees set"out since the Territory was settled. A surmise has been thrown out that the mysterious phenomena of "clover sickness," which is so perplexing to the contrivers of desirable rotations of crops, may possibly be found in the presence of tylenchus devastatrix, a microscopic eel worm which causes the disease known as '"tulip root" in oats, and also infests rye, clover. buckwheat, teazel, spurrey. onions and certain weeds and grasses. Eveu it clover sickness should oe traced to this eel-worm a stiff problem would remain how to get rid of it? Miss Ormerod, in her "Report of Observations on Id jurious Insects," men tions dressings of gas-lime and plowing two furrows deep; but the principal recomuiendation is to exclude from the rotation the crops subject to the eel-worm till the land is again clear of the pest. The very latest of the numerous schemes for getting rid of rabbits is the invention of Mr. mlliams, an Englishman, now resid ing in Auckland, New Zealand, who has contrived a portable apparatus by means of which, in a siogie night, he guarantees that he will trap and carry off at least 00 per cent, of the rabbits upon a square mile of land. One of the great merits claimed for tbe plan is that It allows of the rabbits being used for food, with which end in view a light freezing apparatus, mounted on wheels, is provided, so that the bodies of the rabbits may be frozsn and kept in ttat condition until they are delivered over to a shipping company for export to England. It is said that the amount of "dead" cap ital invested in farm fences in the tnited States alone reaches the immense aggiegate of o,wJ,U00,0u0, and that the construction oi new fences and the renewal of old ones involves an outlay of no less than $2'J0, wo.oou annually, it is aiiucuit to hx an approximate idea oi what immense sums as these represent, but some conception of this enormous investment may be formed from the fact that It nearly equals the.capital stock of all the railroads of the country, while' the annual expense almost parallels the entire revenue of the National Government. At a meeting of English hop-growers. called for the purpose of inducing the Gov vernment to place a duty on foreign hops. ( olonel Brookheld said the hop growing m dustry was now threatened with extinc tion. It was calculated that the extent to which bops had been grubbed was between 5.0C0 to 10 000 acres. This had a most serious effect on tbe laboring classes, for while 100 acres of arable land gave employment to only four men, and lOo acres of pasture land gave employment not even to one man, the same quantity of hops employed from thirty-five to fifty laboring men with women and children. The amount spent lor labor alone on one acre was about JO, and that was entirely on manual labar, which no mechanical ingenuity could dis pense with. The industry was beim; ruined by the free admission of foreign hops into the English markets. President Fowler, of the Minnesota Dairv men's Association, is reported to have said at a recent meeting of that association that he had good cows, kept them clean, well feed, and gave them warm water in the winter. He bad for twenty yeats delivered his butter to customers in St. Paul, and never had anything to come back. He made last year 271 pounds per cow to thirty-six of the shorthorn breed, the price last year being 27 cents per pound, while this years it is but 25,'j.' cents. As to the age of cows, .he said he had those twelve years of age that made over two pounds per day, and he believed shorthorns do not develop until they are four or five years oin. ins experience was that a three-year old a? not much better than a two-yesr-old. A good cow could be profitably milked until it wi s twelve or fourteen years old. Not Contagious. IWashlngton Critic Several evenings ago Major Stofah went up on Sixteenth street to see a young lzdy to whom he has been very attentive. She was not visible at first, and her twelve-year-old brother entertained the Major After various questions the kid remarked: " i on 'aint contagious are you?" "Why, Johnny, what do yon mean by that?" asked the Major, with an innocent laugh of surprise. "Ob, nothin', I guess; only I heard mother say ycu wasn't, 'cause siBter had been tryine to catch you all winter, and ane couldn't do it." - A brother who stammers arose in his prayer-ineetinip and said: "Yon know I can rot t-t-talk, but God can bless Vt-tears."

THE THIRTEENTH JUROR1 Wallace P. Keed'inAtlania Constitution. The trial was over at last, and we were duly locked up in the jury-room to make up our verdict. For days and days the case had dragged aocg. It had taken a long time to examine the numerous witnesses-. Then the lawyers had to be heard, and finally his Honor had delivered a charge of extraordinary length and profundity. I felt relieved when I entered the juryroom with my eleven companions. Surely

we could come to a decision m a few minutes. To my mind, everything was perfectly clear. The defendant, Max Steinley, was guilty of murder. True, no human eye tad seen him commit the crime, but the circumstantial evidence was dead against him. I formed an unfavorable opinion of Steiuway from the first. He was a foreigoer, a little past middle age, strikingly handsome, but witn a sinister gleam in his cold gray eyes. Our plain country people did not like his ways. He never mingled with his neighbors, and there was a haughty, repelant air about him that onended strangers and all alike. We rather resented the coming of this man into our old-fashioned community, where one man was regarded as the equal of any other man, and where great stress was laid upon neighborly virtues. But we could not help ourselves. We could not even make life pleasant for poor Mrs. Steinway, and we felt sure that the unfortunate ady needed the sympathy and society of the outside world. Mrs. Stemway was pale and thin enough when she moved into the gloomy old house which her husband had purchased. bot es tbe months passed on she grew still paler and thinner. She never smiled, and it was easy to see that she stood in deadly fear of her proud, stem master. The Stemwavs continued to live in their solitary way. The village was only a mile from their place, but they did not visit it more than three or four times a year. Of course people talked about them, we wondered who they were, where they came from, and what they were doing among us. It leaked out that Steinway was a little cranky on various scientific subjects. He spent most of his time studying chemistry and electricity. When we heard this we gave him up. Science and book-learning were rather below par in our bailiwick, and we had a wholesome dread of cranks. Ihe murder did not surprise people. It seemed natural that something horrible should occur at the Steinway cottage. Jeff Gilmer and Elge reake caught the murderer in the very act, although, as I said before, nobody saw the man do the dfed. Gilmer and Peake were returning home in the twilight, and just as they were pasting a little summer house arrangement in Steinway's vard thev heard a woman's cry for help. Ihey leaped over the fence. and rushed to the spot, but they were too late. Mrs. Steinwav's dead bodv was lvln? on the ground and her husband was rising to his feet with a bloody dag?er in his band! This made a powerful impression on the trial. The servants swore that the dagger belonged to Steinway, and, in fact, it bore his name on the handle. They swore, too, that the husband and wife lived unhappily, atd that Steinway had frequently threat ened his wife. Against all this there was nothing but the prisoner's stateaient. He denied the alleged ill-treatment of his wife, but said that she had shown symptoms of mental derangement for some time, and he had been compelled to watcn her closely and restrain her movements. Oa the evening of the tragedy, he said that he heard the cry in tbe summer-house. He Mew there, and to his horror found his wife dead with a dagger plunged to the hilt in ber breast. It was while he was drawm the weapon from the wound that Gilmer and Peake had come upon him. Such, in substance, was the story told in the court room, and this is what we twelve men were locked up to decide upon. It was after dark when we entered upön our deliberations. We had no candles and they were not needed. Through two windows the moonlight streamel into the room, making it as bright as day, except in the corners and around tbe edges. "He is guilty of murder," spoke one of iurors in a brisk, aggressive way. "There can be no doubt of it." "Certainly," said another. " f course," I chimed m. "Why did we leave the box at all ' asked the man next to me. "Our minds were made up when we heard the evidence." This was a telling lick. Country jurors iete to admit that the speeches of the law vers and the Judge's charge aid them in arriving at a conclusion. A general chorus of voices expressed the most positive belief in the prisoners guilt "Well," remarked the foreman, "as it is unanimous, I'll just knock on the door and have the court notified that we have agreed upon our verdict. No fun in stay ing here all night, you know." " You aie too fast," said a luror in one of the shadowed corners. "The - evidence is very far from convincing me that Stemwav is guiltv. It onlv points that way. but it leaves a reasonable doubt, and it is our duty to discuss all the testimony calmly and fairly." "I bee your pardon," replied the fore man disappointedly. "I thought we had heard from everybody and that we were all of the same mind. We are ready to Lear vou. Again the voice from the shadow spoke out "Let us put away our prejudice," sai the speaker. "It must be admitted that deep down in our hearts we have eher isbed an unfriendly feeling toward this man. He is a foreigner. He is selfish and proud. He dislikes us. and so we dislike him. Now that he is in trouble we fee disposed to believe evervthing that is against him, and nothing that he says for I took the floor and protested agains such reflections upon our integrity and in telligence. Several others followed me on the same line. "Ha! ha!" laughed the juror in the shadow. "Don't deceive yourselves. Im agine one of us our foreman, tor in stance in the prisoner a place, and you would acouit him at once." It was a center shot, and It demoralized us. "Well, ves." I answered: "because if he told pb that he had found his wife dead and had drawn the dagger from her body and explained the alleged ill-treatment, a storv supported only oy tne testimony o Ignorant negro servant, by saying that he had to restrain her on account of her men tal condit.'on, I should believe-bim, because I have always known him to be truthful and kind-hearted." ""Good!" exclaimed the man who was arguing with us. "Well, my friend, noth ing whatever is known of the character of this man Steinway. You are to presume that be is a good citizen, truthful, humane and all that sort of thing, iou must be lieve these things until the contrary ap pears. You have no right to think that simply because be shuts himself up with his scientific books, and sbow3 no interest in yon, that he is bad at heart, and capa ble of murdering his wife." ".Hang it Who is that fellow, any how?" asked my neighbor in an irritated tone. I looked Into the shadowed part of 'the room, butcould not see the obstinate juror distinctly enough to make him out He was standing with two or three others. Ours was a new county, formed out of four other counties, and several of the jurors were strangers to each other and to the majority. This man who defended the prisoner so stoutly was evidently one o the strange lurora. "Come," said the foreman, "we'll take up this matter point by point" . Then for three hours there was a battle of tongues. - Tte juror who had first spoken for the prieOMr net Tcry quericn nih A ready

answer. As he spoke we gradually relapsed into silence. ' In simple bat eloquent words he drew a picture of the sensitive, studious foreigner who had sought seclusion in order to caref ally watch over his unfortunate wife. He showed ns how reasonable it was to suppose that the poor woman is one of her demented paroxysms wandered out of the house and bad stabbed herself to the heart giving a despairing agonized cry as Bhe realized what she had done. What had been the

attitude of the jury toward the griefstricken husband whose life was at stake? Only the worst had been believed of him. No explanation that would have been urged in behalf of one of our neighbors and friends had been suggested in his favor. One bv one we yielded to the magnetic juror, and wondered in a shame-faced way at our willingness a short time before to believe in the defendant's guilt It was midnight when we reached a ver dict of not guilty. Fortunately, as it was the last night of the term, the court had remained in session hearing motion?, and was ready to receive our verdict. Just as we started to lile out of the jury room, old John Jenkins seized me by the arm and whispered : "l bar s thirteen jurors here! " "Nonsense," I replied. 'But it's the truth. Twelve of us came in and were locked up, and now thar's thirteen." "Hush !" I said. I was nettled at the old fool's talk, and wanted to get through with the business. The verdict surprised the judge and the bar, but Steinway seemed to have anticipated it. He shook hands all around, and I could not help noticing his sinister smile and wicked eyes. " e have made a great mistake," 1 mut tered to myself, and a look at the other jurors showed that they were of the same way of thinking. As the discharged jurors went to the rear of the court-house lor their " horses. for we were all impatient to get home. John Jenkins came to me again. "You shut me up so, and I got so both ered that we didn't report that thirteenth juror." "Only twelve went into the court-room." I snapped. "That s so, but thar were thirteen in the jury-room." "i 11 settle this," l said. "Here are the twelve here. We'll see whst they know about it." I told them of Jenkins' discovery, and all laughed heartily. "Who made that 'good talk for Steinway?" asked Jenkias. "Who led off in the business? Did you ?" and he touched one of the party. A negative reply was given, anl one after another we all stated that we had no hand or part in the work of defending Steinway in tbe jury-room. We had been converted by the juror in the shadow." "Then, that man who is not here among the twelve." said old Jenkins, "was the thirteenth juror?'' We looked at each other utterly dumb founded. "Ey George!" shouted a rough farmer; "old man Jenkins is right. The man tb.it did the talking in the jury-room ain't here!" An awed silence followed It was not a pleasant mystery to think of at midnight. How could it be explained? It never was explained. We all knew that some deviltry was at work among us that night, bnt we nevr got at the bottom of it Steinway's disappearance immediately after the trial did not make the matter any plainer to us, but we were glad to get rid or him. A VESTIBULED TRAIN. Six Coaches Joined Together, as Completely as the Rooms of a House Chicago, April 15. The first trial trip of a vestibuled train was made this afternoon on the Illinois Central Railroad. Six coaches joined together as completely as the rooms of a house, and containing a large company of notable persons, were drawn at a high speed sixty miles down the road from Chicago, returning this evening. The first coach was a combined baggage room, bufiet-smoker, bath and barbershop. Next came a dining car, followed by three sleepers. Between each pair of coaches, on the edge of the steps, a wooden wall cr partition was erected. These par titions were joined by rubber bagging which yielded to every motion of the train but with the partitions formed a perfect vestibule between each couple of coaches. The Pullman Company are the originators of the device. This system will, it is said, be adopted by one of the roads to run from Chicago to New York. iiirch and Backns Make the Fun. I Virginia City Letter to Philadelphia Pre-.J Backus and Birch were very fnnny, and long before they sailed for .New lorkand opened the ban l-rancisco Minstrels, m con i unction with Barnard and Wambold, their reputation had preceded them, and the old ' forty-niners" and others who had been on the Pacific Coast flacked to their little hall on Broadway, between Prince and Houston streets. Barnard, the mid die man of the company, was a practicing attorney on the Faciiic Coast, a genial, whole-souled lellow, full of repartee, an excellent conversationalist, and with a full, rich baritone vo:ce helped these two inimitable end-men to keep their audiences in a constant uproar. Tbe mcuths of Backus and Birch were termed bv old Californians "California Gulfs." Unlike many of the late day minstrel companies, they seldom reh-arsed their 'gaps," but invariably trusted to the impulse Of the moment or the poin'd sar casms, puns and wit of Birnard an I their ability to reply o them. An old -niner once met Charley Backus In the barroom of the "What Cheer House," then i he fa mous inn of the Pacific coast, owi ed by Woodward, who subsequently open-d the "Woodward Garden," at the Mission, and tainting him said; "Pard, imbibe?" "Cer taiDly! ' replied the fat boy. "Name your root!" "A sealskin wash'.'' replie Backus. The bartender was purzlel; the miner looked askance. Again the miner said : "IL yon want a stomach settler boiler it right!" "Well. I've shouted," said Backus, "I vociferated a sealskin wash. In plain Anglo-Saxon, I require a whisky straight!" "Whisky is used to wash and preserve the sealskins. The miner saw the point, and carried it back to Helena, Mont., where "sealskin washes" became popular drinks. Beaten to Death. MiLWAiKra, April 14 This afternoon George Werner, teacher of a suburban village shool in the town of Williamsburg punished a refractory pupf named Henry Sugbusch by applying a ruler sharply to his wrists, and the latter fell back In his seat unconscious. Supposing that the boy bad fainted he threw two buckets of water over him, but tbe pupil was dead. The tt acher tied and bas not been ceen since. The farmers of tbe community are looking for him and threaten to lynch him, a3 the boy's father claims that Werner choked him to death. A Life Hade Miserable By dyspepsia is scarcely worth the living. A capricious appetite, heartburn, puzzling nervCU8 cymptoms, increased action of the heart after eatihg, sinking in the abdomen between meals, and flatulence aiter, are among tbe successive Indicia of this harra-ssing complaiuu Two things only are needtul tor its removal a resort to Hostetter's Stomach Bitters, and persistence in Its use. These remedial measures being adopted, a cure is certain. Taken Immediately before or after eating, this great stomachic promotes secretion oi the pstric juice, the natural solvent of the food. The nervous and bilious symptoms consequent upon chronic indigestion disappear, as the complaint gradually jields to tbe corrective and invigorating Influence of the Bitters. Appetite returns, sleep becomes more refreshing, and, aa a aequenc;, the body is efficiently nourished. muscuUr power merries, and the mind grows fanguiie. r he the Ditters tor chills and iecr andrheuma-tilBt

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