Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 32, Number 52, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 January 1887 — Page 6

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IIJE JM1AXCA STATE SfKTlKEL WEI-NESDAY JANUAKY 26 18b7

THE FARM BUDGET.

Feeding fcr Growth or Fit Cars of Calvw lad Calta The Mare. Cro-1!reedlDg Hoc1 Potatoes After Corn Black Walnut Fron Seed Effects of Clover on Soil Farm Notes. Feeding for Growth or Fat. Philadelphia Record. Simply feeding an animal without sonn definite object in view is to waste the f jodor eJee deprive the animal of something it may require unless the farmer knows the quality of the food given and the nutritive value of the ingredients of which it is composed. B important is a knowledge of the proper moaj cf feeding that it is often possible to proJuca a Bt'Ore perfect animal from a grade than from a thoroughbred; and Darwin expresses the opinion that the quality of the food influences variation in animals, and that when improvement is attempted by jadicious breeding tbe result is largely influenced by the mode and periods of feeding, as also by the quality and kinds of food used. A normal condition can not be sustained in an animal except by a mixed diet. Xo single article of food used for domestic animals can be regarded as complete or containing the proper proportions of the neceseary elements of growth and warmth. Certain foods, rich- in nitrogeD, are required for producing flesh. These foods are known as "flesh formers," and are derived from the gluten of grain, the legomen of clover, and trom the different forms of nitrogen in all the plants used as food, being transformed in the body of the animal into Üeah, an J to supply the natural waste of the muscles and cartilages, tie surplus being imparted to the products of the animal, as casein in miik or albumen in eggs from birds. A proper division and classification of the foe ds enables the farmer to appropriate the elements particularly adapted for the accomplishment of the production of flesh, milk, butter or fat, for while the organic matter abounding in nitrogen is more suitable for Jle&h-fftrnnrg, that portion free from nitrogen, kaown 83 carbo-hydrates, contains starch, sugar and fatty oils, in order to sup- , ply the fatty matter, while the earthy phosphates repair and renew the bones. As the constituents of an animal's body must come from the food, it is not best to feed the starchy substances to young animals exclusively when growth i3 desired, which explains the cause of a lacs of thrift when straw or coarse hay is used, as the animal can not eat enough of such substance3 in order to supply itself. Nor can we expect the best results from such grains as corn, wLich contains a large proportion of starch aud ofl, with a small amount of flesh-forming materia1: but when corn is combine i with clovei haj th.9 elements are more eyaiy divided, let even ia the combination of the two foods time would show that soai? element nrght be lacking, and a change of lood would be necessary. It is more economical to feed a variety, especially to growing stock, which demand more nitrogen and the phosphates than do these more inatnied, cs the lirst must not . A t 1 1 At 1 m otiy renew waste dui acu to tue r.a ana bene, while the adult is required only to renew waste. An adult animal, therefore, voids the excess of nitrogenous material, aad as a consequence the manure from a mature animal is more valuable than that from one which has not completed growth. An adult animal also fattens at leas cost; therefore, as but a small proportion of nitrogen is required, the mode of feeding depends upoa Vie age and the objects desired to be obtaired. Care of Calved and Colts. Prairie Farmer.l In order that last spring's calves and colt3 bhculd go on grass in the spring, good feeding and shelter from now untif that time is most important Merely hay and corn are not adapted to either health, vigor or larga growth. Something, as oats or bran or a little oil-meal, should en:er the ration that the muscles, bones and nerves have material for growth. Foods that merely fatten are not sufficiett for the whole ration. Should these young animals begin to look tough and poor, something is most certainly wrong, and the matter should have immediate attention. A back-set now will not only give the animal less weight in the spring, but the final loss in the mature animal will be several times the amount which is lost the tint year. ' Calves or colts coming out inthefprinsr rough or poor, perhaps lousy and diseased, hate much less power to make profits out of pasture grass than have the sleek, robust yetrlings that have been well houjed and fed during the winter. Troths can hardly be eipected froni the winter feeding of itself. The summer feeding on grass is tae peiiod when this is realized, and the ne 3s8;uy winter feeding should be so conducted as to give the young animals the size and vigor with whicn to manufacture large quant-ties of fiame and t'esh .out of the cheap pasture grass. When warm shelter and plenty of good fine hay are prov ided there is no need of much corn neing fed to the-i growing animals. A small, substantial ration of oats is as good feed as either colts or calves can have, though a little shelled or cracked corn mixed in will not be amiss, especially if the animal is exposed to cold during "the day. A itiy good substitute for the oats eta be made by mixing bran and corn-meal in the proportion of one of corn to three of braa. tiro und oil-cake may be used occasionally, antf, if mixed in proper proportions with coin-meal, a second substitute for oats is secured. Ground oil-cake is somewhat dangerous in the hands of inexperienced feeders, on account of its being such a condensed form cf feed; and when mixed with corn-meal the danger from overfeeding is not much lessened. Where the two can be mixed with f. nely cut straw or hay and fed in tight manf er, the feeding can be left to hired mn TTita less danger. Crot-breeding llogs. Ll'rairie Fanner. 1 Many farmers get the Idea that they can raise better hogs by combining the good qualities of two or more breeds. In a;ordance with this view, they one year use a Poland boar, the next a Berkshire, and th next perhaf s a Jersey Ked. Some even go o far as to have a rotation of the ho crjp by beginning with the first and goin through the series again. Little, if anything, In gained and much is lost by this practice. The hogs are not uniform in size, form, color, funeral appearance, or in ability to fatten. When a mm comes to sell them he can not offer an even lot of hogs similarly fine in til respects. The buyer is not so well pleased when he sees them as he is by an even lot of aoy one breed. Another Important point is developed when the farmer comes to pick oat young sows for the next year's breeding. If he has bred evenly he can get an even lot of sows the best suited to his idea of a type of that breed, and a boar can be chosen that will suit all. Where mixlnsr has been in tl&Jgedin the sows chosen will represent sevraltJKfs, and the boar can be well adapted to onry a few of the sows. A man gets some Inspiration for better breeding if he has bred to a "type always carried in his mind," and annually reproduced in the pen with increasing accuracy. There is, of course, something to be said tm the other side brewing too fine, or breeding In and in to establish or preserve a lype. For the practical production of pork there is no need of doing faicy breeding. many raisers of the standard breeds can be found within a short journey of almost liny farmer that he need not lack for a boir iuite similar to his "type" without breedleg to one closely related. The Mare. I A. B. Allen in the Rural New Yorker. In horse breeding ft is as important that the mere rhouid be perfect as that the stallion jhc&Lj be sc Ja fact, some consider it more

so, and this ia especially the case with the ! hones of the Arabs, who for centuries excelled all other nations in their breed of horses. So highly do they think of the mare that they count her only in the records of their horse pedigrees, and in detailing the pedigrees of the progeny they mention the dams only, while "Western" breeders give more conspicuous mention to the sires. In their stealthy forays they prefer her for the mount; but perhaps this is because on such occasions she never neighs as the stallions are apt to do, on a close approach to the enemy. Like the American Indians, it is their rule to steal noisehsly on their foes in order the more surely to surprise and overwhelm them before they can gather together for defense. Now, I emphatically say to our farmers, select for breeding such mares a3 are the most perfect in form and action; as nearly as possible of the proper size for the prozeny you rray wish to rear; and, above all, let them be entirely sound in wind and limb, of a kind temper, and yet both spirited and plucky. On no account breed from an unbound animal, especially one unsound in wind, leps and feet, for, nine chances out of ten, this unsoundness will crop out sooner or later in ber offspring, and thus render them of less worth. Spring is the usual time when farmers in get eral prefer to have their colts dropped; but some and the number is on the increase who have good barns and warm stable?, prefer the autumn. Their reasons fcr this are that work is much greater and more driving in spring, and that the autumn-foaling mare can go through it without danger of injurj ; wherea?, it a mare is to foal in the spring, it is dangerous to use her at all, for in so doing she is liable to slink the colt prematurely or cast it dead. In any event, hard work for the dam weakens the offspring before birth, and lessens its subsequent growth and vigor. In spring the mare is turned to grass, which at this time is quite lush, and doe not make

so nourishing a quality of mils as she yield) in autumn and winter, when her ration of hay and wheat, bran and grain, is drier and richer. She ought then to have a roomy stall, with a dry yard well littered. In which both she and the colt can exercise in mild weather: or, what is about as well except in a severe climate, she should have for a stable a tJcht-boarded s-hed, open only to the south The floor of the stable mu3t be of dry earth or sand, for it the colt stands on plank, Btone or brick it will be very liable to ring-Done, n akmg it nearly worthless to rear. The colt should be taught to eat as soon as it will, a pint cr two of oats with a quart ot wheat brau daily, and this ration should be gradually increaied with its age, till it can take double the amount nijiht and uiorcin ; Wheat bran te excellent for worni3, and colts that are fed with a moderate ouantity of it daily are scarcely evtr troubled with these pesis. When the colt is fed its ration of grain this should be placed in a box by itself, a little distance from the mar?, and her hcai should be tied up with a halter so far a .vay that she can not reach the grain. The colt can then eat the whole of it slowly and without disturbance, which i3 highly im portant to its digestion, vigor and growth. Potatoes After Corn. - 1 It is common where potatoes are grown in large quantities to plant them on newlyturned sod. Hat if this bo clover, and heavily manured, it is apt to make the pota toes .scabby or rotien or both. If the ire -si manure on sod is mod the lirst eeason for growing corn, the grain crop will benelit more from both than potatoes could de, aud both will be in excellent condition for grow ing a superior quality oi tuners, ft mora green manure is reeded, it can be had by sowing rye anung the corn juat before harvesting it. I'umpkios at d Uran for Cuws. Rural World A correspondent gives his experience in an exenange on tnis subject as follows: Having been experimenting a little last fall in feeding cows, I give the result for what it is worth: Early in the fall I begin leeuing my cows pumpkins and wheat braD, giving each cow t start with a wooden bucket full of pumpkins and twoouartsof wheat bran twice a day. I increas;d the amount until each cow got half a bushel of the former and three quarts of bran. This was kept up for about three weeks. Tuen I changed to boiled potatoes mixed with bran and some sheaf oats cut line; of this I fed 1 A 1 . . wnat me cows wouia eat up clean, and con tinned tne wed for two weeks. rowlam feeding soft corn, a good .deal of it with ht.sts on, and follow the corn with from two to three quarts of bran to each cow. The cows have had the run of pasture (not very good) during the day, and stalled nights and ted what they would eat without waste. Of the three methods of feeding, ths lirst produced best result?, but no perceptible differtneeinthe last two. both giving sati3fic ory results. Some claim that com will dry up cows, but my experience is different. lilac k Walnut Trees From Seed. A correspondent of the Prairie Farui'.r wri'es: While the prices on all trees, both evergreen and deciduous, are now very reasonable, I think that tse individual planter can often raise his own trees from the seed much cheaper than Le can buy, especially when we consider the item of freights on irees bought at a distance from home. Three cents apiece does not seem very high for twofoot walnut seedlings, and it really is about as low ss the nuiserynian can aiTjrJ, when he figures on the first cost, advertising, or sgent's commission, and freight. But if the farmer can raise them at home for less tüan one-half cent each and he certainly can it is policy, evidently, for him to do so. I IIa J horn niv own experience that it requires no more labor or skill to grow walnut Beedlings than it does to grow corn. Excepting the difference in tne cost of seed, it costs no more to raise 1,000 walnut seedlings two feet high than it does to grow 1,000 stalks of corn in the drill. Unless the walnuts are planted fresh from the trees in autumn they mast be frozen over winter in layers of sand, swdmt, or earth. Make deep drills and cover about as jou would potatoes, dropping the nuts close together, so aa almost to touch in the drill. Tbey will shoot up fast, and dia'anca the weeds almost fr.om the very start. I a Cold Weather. It is often necessary to drive horses when the temperature is at or below zero. Tue driver can, by bundling up, protect himself from this extreme cold, and he calculates that the exercise will keep his team warm. But two portions of their body need extra protection. The metal bit in the month connects with metal rings on either siJs, which pass sway the heat in a z?ro temperature with alarming rapidity. It often causes sores at the aides of tbo mouth whre the frosted metal has taken off the skin. The other point i3 the brea especially when driving against the wind. With these two points protecte d, and good care at the journey's end, horses ned not suffer from cold when worked or driven in even the coldest weatbtr. Keeping Grade Fouls. The great majority of fowls kept by farm ers are grades, few having the courage to stock up with high-priced thoroughbreds, or the time and skill required to breed them pure when got. If rightly managed, grade fowls will do as well as any; bat the flock must be kept down by unsparing weeding out ef all objectionable specimens, and every year the grade roosters must be killed, and pure-bred males of some kind purchased in their place. It is this breeding from thoroughbred males that is the greatest secret of success in grading fowls. With mixed blood on both sides of the parentage the offspring become not grade?, but mongrels, and the flock soon runs out so as not to be worth keeping. Effect of Clover on Soil. The Farm has this to say ' in relation to the effects of manuring with clover:, One of the most remarkable stDies in practical farming is the wonderful reenper v tire and restorative effects of rlhvnr nn land 1 This effect can hardly b exaggerated, it is

a mystery to many farmers how a crop grown on a soil can impart to it more than it

takes from it. Perhaps it will help them to understand this to remind them that but a email portion of the plant comes from the soil. In a ton of dry ciover hay, chemists tell; us there are but from 106 to 134 pounds of organic matter (by which they mean that which has come from the soil), and all the remainder i$ Inorganic, or matter that has come from the atmosphere. Another fact which helps explain how green manuring helps the soil is that in mostsoil3 there is enough of plant food to grow hundreds of crops (and often thousands), and much of this is in a condition in which it is not readily available for the plant. One of our best modern writers on agricultural chem istrysays: "So great is the wealth of fertility stored in the soil that, if the nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash contained in the upper twelve inches of a good boII were valued at the prices charged for them in our commercial fertilizers, a farm of 1G0 acres would be worth about $500,000." This must be constantly borne in mind: The question we are about to solve in cultivating our farms is not when will the soil become perfectly exhausted, but how can we manage it so as to get profitable crops at the least expense now? Professor Roberts, of the New York Experiment Sta tion, found that a field of clover which yrelded S,205 pounds of cured hay had 4,8'J3 pounds of dried roots, or nearly 1,000 pounds more of roots than of top. Cnttlog Uoots for Stock. To cut roots for stock coriveniently a mam a . i!t l a . . come ior me purpose, wnicn suces mem, is much the best. They can be cut by chopping with a spade or shovel; but thi3 is slow work, and there is liability of making square r4cnks, which cows in their greediness miy atttmpt to swallow without chewing and thus choke themselves. Only ruminant animals arc liable to choke with roots, as all othc rs are cblieed to chew before swallow- - o - - - - " - ing their food. Turnips for sheep are not cut at all in England, the common practice being to turn the sheep in the held aud allow them to harvest it. They will gnaw out the interior of a large turnip, leaving only the pungent outside shell. Manures for the Garden. Farmers' gardens arc generally fertilised more heavily than any other part ef the farm, tut almost always with stable or barnyard manure. This, as it runs, is not a complete fertilizer, and its weak point is generally a deficiency of phosphoric acid, and on sandy soils potash. Market gardeners, who use heavier dressings of manure than farmers would thick of applying, lind it prolitable to ctange occasionally, applvicg, perhaps, one year ten to twelve hundredweight of phesphate cf lime to a single crop. The alteration of maenrt s is found to be quite as important as rotatfon of crop?, whi'oh is found io 3ser.t al in farm practice. Pruning the Orape-Vine. Any open weather in winter when outdoor woik can be dose comfortably is the best time to prune the grspo-vine. The earlier it is done the better, not only to get rid of surplus wood, but for the purposa of dropping the vine on the ground fir protection ? gainst cold. If left until spring before bcirg pruned, the sap will start, and there will be some loss cf vitality which should be directed to frnitfulness. There 13 a stror;: temptation in pruning to leave too much vuod. 13y remembering that every bud will another season develop into a branch with two or more bunches of gripes, the tendency to leave on the vine an excess of buds will be overcome. HOUSEHOLD HINTS. Virginia Sally Lunn. One quart of flour, one ; tablespoon of yeast, four egts, tvo ounces of butter, one pint of milk; work well, put in a greased pan. let rise and bake. Sugar Euskr. Two cups of raiseddough, one. teacup oi sugar, half a cup of butter, twoeggfi. Hour to make a still" douzh. Set to rise. When lght mold into small biscuits, let rise, sift over with surar and place in the oven. (jerman Eusk.. One cud of yeast, one cup of sugar, one cup of milk, four epgs, with suilicient flour to make eoftdeugh. Let rise: work in more flour with a teacup of butter. When light make out in square rolls, let rise and bake. Coffee Cake?. Work into a quart of dough a rounded tablespoonful cf buer, half of sugar and one cupful of dried currants; work in flour suflicient for dough, make in small rolls, dip in melted butter place in pans and let rise half an hour. Bake. Eich 'tusks. Three ounces of melted butter in cna pint of milk. Beat in half a pound of sugar with six egs; mix witb enough Hour to make batter and add a cup of yet Wfcen light, work in flour to mak a stiff dough. Cut in cakes, let rise and bake. Sally Lunn. One quart of flour, two tah'espoonfuls of sogar, one teacioonful of salt, one msshed potato rubbed in with a teaspoonful of lard and butter mixed, half a cup of yeast and three egg ; make soft dough with warm water, knead twenty minute?, put in a greased pan and bake in a slow oven. German Coffee Cake. Beat together two cupfuls of sugar and one of butter; beat separately the whites and yelks of six eggs; mix well together with two large cupfals of dough, lirst the sugar and butter, next the yelks, then the whites of the eggs; add one teaspoonf ul each of extract of cinnamon, allSpice and nutmeg, half a pound of seeded taisins and a little more flour; let rise, make in email cakes, keep warm twenty minutes and bakv. Flannel Cakes. One quart cf milk, one cup of ccrn-raeal and nearly three ot flour, half cake oi j east stirred in a half cup of wairu water, one large enp of boiling water, one teaspoonful of salt, one teaspco.iful of molasees, bit of soda the size of a pea in the milk. Scald the meal with the boiling wa'cr; stir in the milk and strain through a colander; tdd flour and jeast, and let it risn until morning; beat in salt and molasses, and when the batter is smooth and light take on a griddle. They are very nice. Spanish Buns. t ue pint of flour, one pint of sogar, one cup of sweet milk, one cuoof butler, four eggs, beaten separately, one teacup of yeast, one teaspoon each of cinnamon, cloves and allspice, one grated nutmeg. Knead well, roll out, cut out In lane biscuits, let rise and bake; when taken fron the oven sprinkle with white sugar. Buttermilk Mutlins These have but to be tried to become a standing breakfast dish. Beat hard two eggs into a quart of buttermilk; stir in flour to make a thick batter, about a quart, and lastly a teaspoonful of salt and the same of soda. Bake in a hot oven in wtll-greased tins. Mulhns of all kinds should only be cut just around the edge, th n pulled open with the lingers. Beef with Celery and White Beans. Soak about one and a half pints of white beans in cold water for about twelve hours; drain oft" the water, and put them in a stew-pan with a lean piece of brhket, three heads of celery cut in small pieces, pepper, salt and suflicient water to cover the meat; stew slowly until the meat is quite tender and the beans soft, then add four or five large lumps of sugar and half a teacupfal of vinegar; let it all stew for a few minutes. LIVE STOCK NOTES. For every thirty-five live animals imported into Great Britain sixty-four are imported in the form of dressed meat, and of the latter twentv-oie are of fresh meat and for;ythree of salt meat On many farms the sheep are regarded as better able to take care of themselves than the other stock, and, consequently, are left to pick up most of their living as best they can. While it is true sheep will stand exposure and lack of proper food without, perhaps, showing the effect so plainly as other stock, etill it li poor economy to keep them without food and shelter require! to have them thrive constantly. Unlesi they do this the are not a source el profit, aad if a farmer ia

not so situated that he cla handle sheep in

tuchawayas to briEg hlhl profitable returns he will, of course.be betteroff with out them. This is the season of the year when sheep, as well as other kinds of stocic, need attention; and, although there are Borne farmers who give ine required care, there are many others who need constant iemtnders which a due regard for their own interest should make unnecessary. Breeding-stock should not be pampered, but be kept in a thrifty condition, and not allowed to "run down." They need muscle rather than much fat, as the latter always means a less of energy, if not of health and vigor. At this season, when the corn is being fed to the hogs, it should be remembered that the warmer and more comfortable hogs are kept the less corn required. Before hogs can fatten the bodies must be supplied with sufficient heat to protect against cold, and the greater the amount of heat saved tbe larger the gain in fat. In preparing food for stock, such as cooked vegetables, chopped feed, etc., always season with salt. Every animal craves it, aud must have a certain amount of ealine matter introduced into its system to enable it to thrive. Many animals really suücr for the want of salt, and lose appetite, which i3 attributed to some other cause. In a few weeks the ewes will begin to have lambs, and a little care given them now will be of great advantage. They should have warm, dry places to remain at nights, and oats should be given twice a day with plenty of hay. When the lambs begin to come the ewes should not be allowed to remain in the open litlds, as exposure to cold winds will otstroy the weaker lambs. A special shed should be provided, in older that the lambs may not be checked or injured at the start. Some curious facts present themselves ia lookin? into the relation of the United States to the British imports of livestock. For in stance, out ot 21'v'MO beef cattle imported in the first ten months of the year, we furnished 102,40!: out of 39,(7 cows, 15J'; out of 52,.0 calves, '2; out of JO-.SÖü sheen ar.d lambs, 5,2?t; out of atOjfi swine, none. We lead all other countries in our exports to England of salt and fresh beef, salt pork. han.8 and meats preserved otherwise than by salting. It is a general supposition that almost any thiDg will answer as bedding in the stables and cow stall?, but the material for that purpose may be cheap or expensive, according to the manner in which it is used. The straw on the farm is usually preferred for bedding, a3 it doe- not always pay to haul it to market. Yet, although straw is a substance that is credited but little value, every pound pro duccd on the farm deprives the soil of some kind of fertilizing eleicent, and if it is to be returned tp the soil tbe work should be so accomplished as to secure its early decomposition as well as the greatest benefit from its us. It should be cut into siort lengths. not only for easier oistribution over the floors, but also to save as much of it as posi b!c. KAUM KOTES. At a recent exhibition in Englaud, where prizes were given for walking hordes, the speed attained was over live miles an hour, l'oultry should have a certain proportion of salt in their food a3 well as animals, as it is neceisary to the promotion of health and thrilt. Fresh made butter, with dainty flavor. niu3t always be sold in preference to a Dutter made three months before it is put ou the market. Muslin answers all the purp03e3 of gls?s for the runs of little chicks, as it retain the watmth longer, and will turn water, if tight ly urawn on a Irame. The farmer who does not fence in his sto when living along the line of a railroad not only iues the risk of losing va'uable ani mals, but endangers the lives of travelers. Boots are valuable aids to digestion when given in connection with grain food, bu w hen fed exclusively or given too lavishly trey have a too laxative eflect, which quickly rui.s rcwn the sneep. Young lambs will begin to come in about the latter psrt of January, and the ewes should be weil sheltered. It does not pay to have the lamb3 born in the fields. Give them plenty of warmth at first. The fleece of the Merino sheep is some times 90 thick and heavy that in v ermon and Wisconsin, when the sheep are sheared early in the season, they are blanketed to prevent them from becoming chilled. It a Holstein cow, giving forty quarts of iuuk per day, and requiring no more roooa than a common cow, giving ten ouarts. can be raised as easily fcs the inferior one, is it wise in the farmers to keep the poor milker The annual product of maple-sugar in.thö United States is estimated at -U.000,000 pounds. It would be much larger if farmers prepared for sugar making in winter, so S3 to be in full readiues3 when the season o;tr.3 a gooa icoucr-cutter wm more tnaa pay for it3 cost in a single winter season, ana it ehou'd be kept in constant use. It is the appearance of goods that sells them. .N ice, large, fat, plump white turaeys, ducks, cuicks or geese always bring outside prices. We would not undertake to raise chickens. or to keep poultry through the winter and spring, without a plentiful supply of dry earth. The best time to 6tore it is whenever it is dry. A dairyman should keep as many cows only as he can feed well. It isnoteconomica to divide the food among a large number when tte same results can be secured from a smaller number well fed. Sheep require careful walching, for if they get into trouble of any so&t, as getting dowa in gullies or fastened in between logs or fence rails, they become so frightened or dis couraged they succumb at once and die. Compelling cows to drink ice-water in winter does not tend to promote the flow of milk. armth is as essential as good feed ing, and tepid water will greatly aid diges tion and invigorate the cows 111 severe weather. "It is estimated that -n.OOO.OOO eggs are consumed every day in the United .States, and j et there are people who fear the poultry business will be oveidone." What nonsense to talk about three quarters of an egg being eaten every day by each man, woman and child in this country ! The plan of a farmer for securing large crops is thns stated by him : "I tell my men to harrow the ground until they think it is harrowed twice as much as it ought to be, and then I tell them it is not harrowed half enoush." Thorough pulverization of the soil is more important than any other work bestowed upon a crop. Worte Off Than the Tramp. Free Pres. 'Gittin' pay for that?' he asked, as he came along to where a man was shoveling snow. "Not a red." "Then you're a fool!" "Yes, I know it, but as I own the house and lot I don't see how I'm to get around it." In Kansas. Detroit free ITess It was In a prohibition town in a prohibition State that a sad-eyed stranger entered a store, saying: "I represent a Bible society, and would like to leave a few Testaments with you. Don't you think you could use them?" "Naw, don't want no Testaments," answered the proprietor, "but you may send me a gross of cork-screws." For the many complaints Incidental to cold and severe weather Bond's Extract will be found a welcome and effective remedy. Use it in all cases of chilbalns, frozen limbs, stiffness of the joints, swollen face, chapped Bands and lips, roughness of skin caused by harsh winds, hoarseness, asthma, etc. Used internally and externally. For catarrh it is the ppecifie. Genuine In bottlea only with PUÜ wrappers,

THE BIG SEA BAT.

A Hoister Fish, Strong Enough to Run Awy With Ships. A Terrific Combat With One of Them Rough Experience of n Diver Dangerous Business. A correspondent writes from tbe Gulf of California to the San Francisco Call: "She ain't much of a boat, ia she?" said a fisher man, who was standing by the side of a dilapidated craft that lay above the high-water mark on the little beach. "Hurricane?" queried the correspondent. "So." replied the mariner. "She was done up by a sea bat; one of them flew into the air an' lit on her, you might say, and it grazed me, tco" (rolling up his sleeves and shewing a long, red scar). "Me and the boat got it together. "There ain t much of a yarn to it," he said, as we took seats on the old wreck. "You see, we foller 'em for their oil; some gives a like of six barrels of liver. No, we don't make it into cod-liver oil, but I reckon some of these Mexicans would, if they thought of it. They're the biggest fish that swims in the laci lie, except the big-bone shark, that grows upward of sixty feet; but the sea bat grows right the other way, side wise, like a bat, and they look just like a bat for all the world, oniy you want to make 'em twenty-five foot acrces and fifteen or twenty-six long, with a tail like a bide whip; then give it two big clappers at the head, and you have a sea bat. They fly in the wtt.T instead of swimming, rcov:ng their wings or fins up and down like a bird. Bein' so big, they have a big liver, and the oil pavs to try; so if a sea bat comes in eifcht there's a crowd of boats after it. "The last one rl&hted did this work for me. It was m the momin', just before daybreak, when one of my men give the word, and we rushed for the boats, so as to get the start. It was nip and tuck, four other crews havin' heard the word; but we got the lead, and as cur oars struck the water the other boats hadn't left the beach. The boys laid en, and I took my place in the bow, cleared the rope, and got the iron ready. We use for this kind cf fishin' what we call a pair of grains a two-tined harpoon, with barbs that set in a slot and spring out when they go into a tisb. When we got well clear of the beach ai d tLrongh the breakers we could see the iiih sailin' around in a circle, and every time it turned the tip of the hn would run out of the water two or three feet, like the tin of a shark, and in front of it ran a bis: wave, so tLat we were tolable ture it was a big one. I reckon we were twenty minutes in Rettin' within reachin' distance, and when we got right about on tbe edge of the circle it was travtlin' iu I gave ttie word and the boys stopped pu.lin' and s'cod ready. ' On she came, whiihng around just like a big bud, and inst as it crossed our bow.-1, the wave lif tin' us afoot or more, the big pointed nn rose out cf the water and I let drive. I see tie grains go in an' that's all I did see for the next two minutes, for the minute it struck I thought the whole bottom of the cilic had riz up, and when it went down the sea poured in, half hum the boat, kaockin' me bsck on the bows and demoralizin' fall hands. The hissin, of the rope brought ine to my senses and while the boys b tiled out I threw over the slack that the fish wa? tak ing out so fast I thought the churning would set the wood woik afire. It didn't take long to bring thincs to a crisi3, and when it came we w as. ready. The last coil ran ou and with a jerk that fairly Lfted her the boat shot after the fish. Bid you ever hear a whale sound? -Well, it s as near like that as aoy thing, only they go right along instead of down. "We knew that this one was a big fellow by the way he started, and the boat would have been filled again if we hadn't all gone alt, so her head would be out of water. An how we was a-goin' ! lloopin', I called it, takin' everything as it came; for, bless ye, there wasn't lime to ride anything. She just went right through, throwing tbe foam and spray that high into the air that you'd a thought we was a tug a steamin' against the tide. If there had been a heavy sea on we should have had to cut tbe line; but as it wss, we held on and kept her at it; and I reckon it was two miles that we went humaiin' before I ventured to think of takin' in the slack. The fiih had slowed up a trifle the biggest of 'em will get played out and then I ordered th boys to clap onto the line, and passed it aft for the purpose. The lirst pull 1 gave started the fish up, and it gave a jerk that nigh took the cutwater out of the boat and sent every one of us to the bottom, head-over heels. I see the only way was to keep at it, so we clapped on again, and aain we was almost jerked into pieces; but we kept at it, and after half an hour's pullin' and hauliu' an' getting pulled we cot the boat within twenty foot of the fish, an' I tell jou it wai't a pleasant sight. It looked a matter of fifty feet across a great big patch of black, a goin' along like a steam-engine, whippin its win? up and down so that the water was churned into foam on each side. "We laid en to the line with a will, and in a minute we was almost over it, and then I let it have the lance a big one, fit to kill a whale. Wall, mister, tbe next thing I knew I was in the water. The fish riz jest as it did before, went up like a bird, and came down with a crash that you could have heard a mile. One of the wings must have hit me on the arm and knocked me overboard and come down on the boat, jest takin tbe side right out of her, as you see. The rest, they jumped overborrd when they see it comin' and swem off and then hauled me toward the boat; and there we hung for an hour, waitin' for a party to pick us up; and I tell you I was about done, too; my aim was bn k?n and cut, as you see it. But they took us In at last; the wreck of our boat was taken in, too, and they began to pull in shore, when they found that the bat-lishwas still on. They all clapped to the line and hauled away, and at last got him alongside, as dead as a red herring, and I reckon it was four hours before they got it towed in. There's the remains now," concluded the fishermen, pointing to a black object an eighth of a mile down the beach, aoout which a flock of birds were hovering. A short walk brought us to the gigantic fish, that fully justified its name. Its skin and upper portion were still intact, and upon the white beach reseaibled a gigantic bat, the long wings extending on either side being the pectoral or side fins. Its length by actual measurement was about seventeen feet, while its width was about twenty-seven feet. Tbe upper surface was black, the lower white, while about the mouth were two curious claspers or organs that undoubtedly serve it in securing prey or food, that is crushed or ground oy the pavement-like teeth of the sea bat. The weight of tbe huge creature could only be conjectured from the fact that eight pairs of nitUes were employed to haul the body above high-water mark, the triumphal inarch being witnessed by the entire village, many of the Mexican boys riding on the back of the huge fish as it was towed or hr.uled upon the sands to be despoiled of its Eaiable parts the liver, hide and tail. "I'll never forget the lirst time I saw a sea bat," continued my informant, as we strolled up the beach again. "I was a matter of forty feet under water at the time, and thought my time had come. You see, my trade is diving, and I got into the fishing business because I came near getting killed so many times in the other that I thought it would pay to get out when I was alive. I came out, originally, to South America, bavin' taken a contract to raise an old gunboat on the Chili coast that they claimed had a big pile of treasure. I took the job on shares, and, as rusty pig-iron and old chain was all I could find, I got left, as they say, and had to work my way up the coast the best I could. While I was waiting one clay for something -to turn up, I ran across a man who was interested in the pearl fisheries, and when he heard I was a professional diver he offered me a job at pearldiving, and, as I said, being a little hard up, J took it, and two days latex I was o3 ahoxe

on the banks with as cranky a crowd as you ever see, ''I had a regular diving rig, and when we got on tbe banks I arranged to go down four times a day. The plan was to take a hamper along and 641 it with pearl oysters, and give the word, and the men on deck haul it up. You've never been down, I suppose? Well, it's a curious sight, especially in southern seas, where the water is as clear as the air, almost. The first time I struck the bottom I couldn't believe I was there. It was as clear as air, and the fishes swimming around might have been taken tor birds. I landed on a kind of sand-hill when they lowered me, end had to walk about fifty feet down into a kind of valley like before I struck the shells. They were all in a bunch, Btretched

alone in a ridge, looking like a black mass against the white bottom. I was dragging tne namper, and wnen 1 got alongside I be gan to less tnem in. l reckon 1 had tilled a dozen or so, when all at once I saw a kind of a shadow moving over all. At first I thought it was the schooner, and then, perhaps, some of the other divers coming down, and then it left; but all at once it came again, and it got so daik in a second that I turned quick and looKed up, and 1 11 tell you the truth. mister, if my hair hadn't been held down by a copper cap it would have riz right on end. There, movin' over me, was what I took to be a bird about thirty feet across. It was wheeling round and round, flapping its big wings, just as you have seen buzzards or eagles do overhead. Down it came, lower and lower, and I a crouching as low as I could. The nearer it got the bigger it looked, and as I see it was settling on me I took thi pike I always carried, and as it wheeled around over me I let drive. Hit it? Well, I recken I did. The next thing I knew I was standing on my head, rolling over and over, then yanked sideways, naif drowned, and then I reckon I lost my senses, and wtcn I came to I was lying on deck, and all hatds looking at me. You see, the critter had given the water such a swirl that I was knecked end for end, and my pipe and line twisted around and around, so that I couldn't breathe, and of course that pulled the line, aud the men thought I had jerked it to come up, so they hauled away for all they were worth, and that's what saved my life. "What was it? Why, nothin but one of those sea bats blanket fish, the other men called it and they all said 1 had a narrow run for it. That was the way, accordin' to their say, that the fish gees to work to get away with a man. They first settle down on you like a blanket, and there you are. There wasn't a man that would go down after that for several days, and as for me I threw up the job; no blanket fish for me. No, I don't hsrdJy believe the fish was after me. My idta is that it was coming down on tbe bank to feed on the oysterr, and that it didn't see me ; and plenty of men may have been lost by the fish getting fouled in the line, but that's only my idea. I was just as scared as if it Lad made a grab at me, and I didn't propose to take any chances. 1 have seen a dozen or moie frequently run in schools, and sometimes we take a dozen in a week. It's about like whaling. There Is danger in it, but if ycu aie caieful and undei-tand ycur busij ness it's safeenough." The power of these enormous fishes has been shown in many waters. Some years ego tte writer saw a large sea bat enter the haibor of a small island in the Gulf of Mexico. Several boats started immediately in pursuit, and soon a harpoon was put in what proved to be a giant. It started up the haibor at such a rate of speed that one of the men was jerked overboard, the fish rushing at a large three mast schooner that lay in the stream. Collision was inevitable, and before the mm could cut the rope the fish dived under the vessel, and the small craft struck Lead on, completely telescoping itself, hurling the 111 n into the water, while the hue fish jubhed up the harbor, towing the wreck, and ultimately escaped. A few years ago a schooner that wa3 lying at anchor at Sea Horse Key, on the Florida reef?, began to move up and down, and finally to go ahead. As it was a dead calm, the crew were greatly alarmed at their mysterious movements, and some were for taking to the boats and deserting tbe vessel. The skipper, however, Euspected what it was, and calmed their fears till finally they were hauled high and dry upon a coral reef, their motive lower, a monster sea bat, being then struggling in shoal water ahead. It became stranded, and when the tide went down the huge proiortions of their steed were seen. It was nearly thirty feet across, and between the fin and the worm-like process at its bead was their anchor, hrmly imbedded in the flesh. The hsh had run against the ca ble and so been caught, and, in its agony or fright, bad carted away, towing the vessel and crew. Ca tight la a Trap. Jackpqn, Mis?., Jan. 22. It is an open secret that under Postmaster-General Vilas many notable changes in the management of the rost-cflice Department have been inaugurated, but a well-authenticated story which reaches here to-day from Corinth, Mi.-3., shows the latest innovation upon the Bervice. It seems that the post-onica in that town is not trovided with lock-boxer, but uses what are known as call-boxes, with ordinary glass fronts. Several times lately these glass fronts have been broken in, thus enabling tbe burglar to run his arm through the hole and take out what chanced to bs in reach. The Postmaster procured a heavy Eteel trap, such as is ordinarily used for catching beavers, and placed it on the inside of the otlice in a drawer in reach of the burglar, should he come again. He carre that night, broke the box front as usual, and was caught by the trap, his hand being so tightly bel l and so badly mashed that he was compelkd to stand till the Postmaster cams. Upon the cfEcer's arrival he had to .0 for son:e one to assist him in turning his prisoner loese, as the trap was too strong to be worked by one man. Upon his return wi h assistance he found that the prisoner hd, with his free hand, taken his knife from his pocket, opened it with his teeth, and attempted to cut his throat and end his lite. He was bloody all over, and at first thought to be fatally stabbed, but is now recovering. He proved to be a son of a prominent citizen of Corinth. Two officers have been in charge of the prisoner at his father's residence during his treatment by doctors. It is thongat that hereafter all corn. try po3t-office3 will be provided with steel traps. Mok. Langemevx, the archbishop of Ebeims, purposes holding, on the 17th of July next, a great religious festival in the cathedral of that citv, in memory ot tbe coronation ot Charles VII , which took pUce in the cathedral of Rheims on July 17, 1420, through tbe exploits of Jeanne d'Arc. At the request of the archbishop, M. Gounod has composed a mass for the occasion, in which be has' introduced a solo for violin, with obligato organ accomraiiment, intended to represent those "interior voices" which Jeanne always professed to follow a guides. This solo has been written for 11 nri Slarteau, a young French violinist. General Fitz John Porter and family have taken apartments in Washington for the remainder of the winter. The Itapldity of Progress Toward Health, Even when a good remedyfor disease is selected, depends in come measure upon tbe manner in which It is taken. Irregular, interrupted doses can afford no fair test of the eOicacy of any medicine, however salutary. Taken in proper dosea at prescribed intervals, a reliable curative will effect the object of its use. Among remedies which, systematically and persistently used, accomplish thorough and lasting cures, and prevent the recurrence of periodic disease, Hostetter's Btom&ch Bitters ranks specially high. In cases of dyspepsia, debility, rheumatism, fever and ague, liver complaint, inactivity of the kidneys and Haider, constipation and other organic maladies, it is a tried remedy, to which the medical brotherhood have lent ttteir professional sanction, and which, a a too ic, alterative and household upccific for disorders of the stomach, Hver and bowels, has unbounded popalarlty. Tse Uood-cleanoing qualities of Ayer's ßarsa PttriUft icaasi It invaluable ia all kia djeoidcrs,

R. R. R.

RADWAY'S READY RELIEF The Cheapest and Beet Medicine tor Family CM in the World. Bore Throat, Colds, Coughs, Inflammation, Sciatica, Lumbago? Eheumatism, Neuralgia, Headache, Toothachtj Nervousness, Diphtheria, influenza, Difficult reathicgs Cored and Prevented by Radwavs Ready Relief THE ONLY PAIN REMEDY That InstanUy stops the most excruciating pains,' allays Inflanmaiion and cures Cocucestioa, whether of the Lungs, Btomach, Bowels, or othea giancis or organs, oy one application. IN FEOH ONE TO TWENTY MINCTEH No matter how violent or excruciating the palua ine luieumauc, uea-riauen, inarm, uripplea, Nervoun, Keur&lgic, or prostrated with diMjaao, tnaylBuffer. Radwavs Ready Relief' WILL AFFORD INSTANT EASE. Inflammation cf the Kidneys, Inflammation of the Bladder, Inflammation of the Bowels, Connection, of the Lungs, Palpitation of the Heart, Hysterie. C'TOnp, Catarrh. Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Void. Chills, Ague Chills, Chilblains, Frostbites, Kervonsness, Sleeplessness. The application of the Beady Belief to the part or parts where the pain or difficulty exleu wLB afford instant ease and comfort. Thirty to sixty drops in half a tumbler of water will in a few minutes cure Cr&mpe, Bout Biomaea. Heartburn, Sick bead&che, Diarrhea, Dysentery, Colic, Wind in the Bowels and all Internal pains. M A LARIA1 CHILLS AND FEVEB, FEVES AND AGÜ3 CONQUERED. Radwav'sy Read Relief Not only cur the patient seized with this terrfc ble foe to settlers In newly-settled districts, whera the malaria or atme exists, but if people exposal to it wiH, every morning on Retting ont of beä take twenty or thirty drops of the Beady Keliel xa a glaFs of water, and drink it, and eat say cracker, they will escape attacks. This must be done before going out. A penon goiBg out in a malarious atmoepher,' with bis stomach empty and his system weakened and intalicg this malarious poison, the absork ents at once take it up and circulate It throiati the system. 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RADWAY'S The Only Genuine SARSAPARILLIAN RESOLVENT The Great Blood Purifier, For the nre of Chronic Diseases Chronic Rheumatism, Bcrotula, Byphiiitic Con plaints, etc (See our book on Venereal, etoj rice twenty-five cents), Grandular Swelling, Hack ig Dry Cough, Cancerous Affections, Bleedingo the Lungs, Dyspepsia, Water Brash, White BwebW Ing, Tumors, Pimples, Blotches, Eruptions of tboFace, Ulcers, Bip Disease, Gout, Dropsy, Rftets , alt Rheum, Bronchitis, Consumption, Diabetes, Kidney, Bladder, Liver Complaints, eta. SCROFULA, Whether transmitted lrom parents or acquired, la, within the curative range of the SAR3APARIIi LIAN RESOLVENT. Bold by all Druggists. ONE DOLLAR PER BOTTLE RADWAY'S PILLS. The Great Liver and Stonucb Remedy. For the cure of all disorders of the Stomach, LlTejj Bowels, Kidneys, Bladder, Nervous Diseases, LofiJof Appetite, Headache, Costlvesess, Indigestion Biliousness, Fever, Inflammation of tae DoweLvPllea, and all derangements ot the Internal vi cera. Purely vegetable, containing no mercury minerals, or deleterious drags. Price, S3 cents per box. bold by all drnrjhrHJ DYSPEPSIA. DB. BADWATSTTLLfl are a cure for this ooef plaint. They restore strength to the stomaca, and enable It to perform its functions. Tka symptoms ot Dyspepsia disappear, and with therrv tne liability oi the system to contract disease. Take the medicine according to directions, aa J observe what we say ia "false and True" respect in? diet Send a letter stamp to DR. BJLDWAY A CO..N0! 92 Warren street. New York. "Information worth thousands wCIbosest to yon, TO THE PUBLIC Be sure and ask for RADWATB, ana see.tilV the name "BJLDVYAI" li en wtfctjoa hay