Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 32, Number 50, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 January 1887 — Page 6

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL WELNESDAY JANUAia 12 lflb7

THE FARM BUDet.

Diirjag u a Science Quack flrums for Efcck Tarair Farmer' Home TVa,,.; pheep-r lenro-l'wnmoiil-Slcjag Helfers Grad Horn Frnr4 and Household. DalrytnK as a Science. irAiladclDhiaRecorl-1 Thvs. are two classes of dalrymed thoe s.vno w ake a specialty of Sellins milk, and tae who set the milk, take s?av the cream arxl tend the batter to market, though the majority of dairymen endeavor to combine borih branches, yet bst few of them can be fTiCcessfnl in selling botli milk and batter. The preist from the milk told depends cpoa the quantity yielded by the herd in proportion to the amount of feed allowed and the capital invested la the shape oi labor and buildings. Bat the larger the yield of ach cow the greater the investment, for the resson that the productive animal requires no more room, shelter and care than does one yielding a smaller quantity. Jn the production cf butter the cows will afford a .-profit in proportion, not to the quantity of knilk given, but to the amount of cream contained in the milt. Before the dairyman can be successful in either branch he must draw the line between the breeds that excel in yield of milk and those that give milk rich in cream. The first thiDg the seien ti'Ie dairyman will do is to select the breed for the purpose he may h:ve in view. TLe next will be to feed in each, a manner as to secure the largest yield of either uiil"; or butter in proportiun to the cost of fcod, and the cost cf the food depends upon its adaptability for conversion into the ingredients entering into the composition of milk. Scarce 5n dairying does net stop at the selection of the proper breeds, or the made of fteditg, but also includes the process of rransenientcf the mill; and the preparation of the butter, fov which the proper facilities theuld be provided, while the judicious saving of the manure, and its conversion into crops, must be taken as important factors cf the enterprise. It 'u an old maxim thJS "the dairyman gradually becomes wealthy even when his receipts aud expenses are nearly balanced," fcr the reason that his farm prcduces larger crops each succeeding year, the manure being the profit. As long as dairymen refuse to resort to some system cf breeding, and continue to purchase freshcows to taka the piace of those becoming dry, they can not estimate on any definite result?, as it is almost ircpossible to go into the market and purchase a dairy herd of cows that excel both ia milk and butter, though with the use of well-known bresis, such as the Ilvlsttin, an approach to euch may be made. The average dairyman should brted only to thoroughbred male5?, and thereby intelligently grade up his herd as near to the purposes required as may be po3tille. . reeding Cattle. Fulton Gazette Jlr. Hughes, of Audrain County, shipped to Chicago a f jur year-old steer thit weighed there 2.570 pounds and brought G ceals, making fl5-t.20 for the Btcer. This ster was one of Mr. Ungues own raising. 113 was calved in June, lsr'J, and in December, IS-!, at the age of two and one-half years, he was pat on full feed. The steer then weighed 1,210 pounds, and in December, l-SSS, he h id gained 1,1U0 pounds, weighing 2.JU0 pounds. J-roni that date on, however, tne gain was light, although he was fed all he would eat. miring the next two montns the gain was 400, making him weizh 2,700 when shipped Mr. Hughes says he is thoroughly convinced that it is best to dispose of cattle w.en three years old. They take on llesh rapily no to that axe, and very little profit ia realized from feeding beyond that period. lie has tried it iu a number of cases, and in each in stance the rapid gams were during the sec ond and third years. A Southern Farmer's Cattle 15 am. A South Carolina farmer thus describes a barn that he has lately built. His example is well worth emulation, not at the south only, but in a good many States north of Ma son and Dixon a line; My farm is badly ia need of humus or de caying vegetable matter in the soil, and to supply this is quite as important as to furnish the three indispensable elements, nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid. In order to in corporate the largest amount of decaying matter wiih the nature and to have them thoroughly mixed, I built my birn as follows: It is thirty live by eighty feet, and built with eliding doors extending acrosi either end. Tea feet from the wall on either side, aad extendicg the entire length of the barn, are a hue of tne bn.ita .t rowed stfnc staiichioLs, forty-eight in all. Ttt e stin-h-kes do away with any necessity for a partition between tha cattle, aal the space is left open so that a ra.-t can h$ driven taro;i.?h to it move uianure or uricg in leaves or pine ttraw. The space tetcn th3 ttaaohious forms the feeding i!oor, which U covered with looH plank, and 'beneath tbfc, extending s: ty feet through the center of the tarn, are my loar fctio3. lhe space where the rattle btand is not floored in aiiy way, but is kept covered with a thick layer of o?.k leaves. &ch morning these are dusted with land piaster or kainit to absorb the am monia and moisture, and then afresh supply oi leaves aiid pine straw is scattered beneath the cattle. In this way the cattle are kept clean, there is no offensive odor from the manure, and two large cart-loads cf the richest are made each month for every animal iepr, while the entire cost of my barn and silos in inconsiderable probably not exceeding Jtiuo. (Juack Nostrums for Stock. The nse of the ao-called "condition powders" for live stock is to be reprehended, says the Breeders' Gazette, for the doable reason that no one knows of what they are composed, and that the different ailmeuts of animals areDOt all caused by the same condition?, and it is preposterous to suppose that any one remedy will answer fcr their correction. The same objections apply with equal force to the "quack" noatrams in powders and bottles which are everywhere advertised, and which unfortunately meet with too ready a sale. They generally contain strong medicines which, administered without any definite knowledge of the malady or the constitutional peculiarities of the animal, often do incalculable harm. We have before us at the pTsent writing a pamphlet issued in this city advertising "charcoal and carbonized iron powders" ai a sovereign remedy for all animal disesses. Charcoal is nude the vehicle, and with it are concealed such drup and no one knows what they are 83 tne manufacturers may choo e to incorporate. They prerend to even core plenro-pneumocia in cattleund glanders In horse?, and if we are to accent thisa claims 3 an evidence of their intelligence and good faith they are simply ignjrunt charlatans, dhe safert p.'an Is to let a'.l such ccicionmis arid all such unscrupuljus people alone. If an animal is ailing and the arn5taiice of a competent veterinarian can not be secured, and medical treatment is regarded as necessary, the better pian will b to select the single drug which it is snppofMi will produce the desired effect and admini tr that, and avoid under all circumstances these vile combinations. fertilizers for Turnip. Prtme experiment In the growth of tarnipi with the aid of various manure, carried oat at Pampberston. one of the experimental stations of the Highland Agricultaral Society, took a new form during the present season. The plots of land manured during the previous eUrht years were left mixnanured, the object being to obtain approximately the residue of manorial va'ue. The lepreeentative of the North British Aericulturist who hss visited the station with a party conducted by Dr. Aitken. the society's thesM iff jrtj; tfat gUace at

crop ihows that, whatever residue there- was available, it certainly was not very large. The truth of this conclusion was very forcibly illustrated by the obvious anpeiiority of the roots growing on two plots manured this

year for the fc-st time tor nine years to those produced on o'her plots ? hich have been manured year 'A ter year for eight years, but have had nothine this season. This Bhows that, as far as the turnip crop is concerned, the application of an ordinary allowance cf phesphatic manure for one year is of greater effect than the residue of tight years' previous manuring, of course on the condition that tire crops grown in the eight years are drawn off the land. The experiments are to be continued with barley E9 a crop next season, to ascertain whether the residue of nitrogen will make a better show than that of phosphates, ihere is not tae sngntesi probability that it will do so, as nitrogen is far more easily washed away than phosphates are, and the results of the Wo burn experiments are ts decisive as they could be in proving that there is scarcely any bene fit to be derived from nitrogenous manure in the second -reason after tta application Kelectinc; Heifers. fAmcrk&n Agriculturist! liaising heifers sounds well in theory, but breeding cattle is a separate art from dairying, and, unless followed with great judgment, is t losing business, as not every heifer raised becomes a first-class milch cow. The best plan is to buy heifers heavy with their firsi calves-called 'bringe; and in this Tx l r i. mere u Dinca mure ruuui lur juugmeuh am. i skill in making these selections than most men are willing to admit, the mistake Uiuallv made fa in beinfc misled by a fancy for certain shapes, colors and fashionable points to the neglect of others relating im mediately to the usefulness oi tne maiurea cow. ibe tirst point to consiaer is mat tne befcer is Etrong, with a deep Hank, indicating constitutional vigor; then see that her teats are large and set wide apart, v lewed from behind, the twiat should be open and wide, with her rudimentary udder well displayed aud ttats far apart. As secondary aud fancy points, a fclini reck and long head with small herns are good features. Above all things, avoid those heifers which show very small rudimentary teats or those wnh large ones set close together, auch a heiler never can make a first-class cow. There are enough risks to run before securing a good one without starting out with tho?e that never can improve, l-ven the best of pedigrees ccn rot make a good cow out of a heifer with a deforced udder. Those who have studied Guenon's method, while they do not rely open it to the exclusion of other points, find it a great aid, and ftel that they can not ignore the escutcheon. Tanners' Hemes, The farmer's home is, much of t'je time in the held and out about the premises or olf to the marfcet-place, and hence, siys the Livr Stock Journal, he suffers from no confinement under bad conditions. Kven if his n'ghts under tho roof are not exactly of the bett, owing to being confined in close quarters cr from bad air arising froiu under or within the hou.se, his day outdo rs dii3ipates much of evil that comes to him in the nunt time, and he may not oe materially barmcd. But with the wife the cava is quite di'lerent. The house is her Ct'd, and she can net, if she would, escape frm any da uagirg iLiluenccs that exist under the rod. 'lhe plan for such farm buildings asar he erected the coming year rhould be very carefully considered during the winter, and not only the plans, but the location, lc to urainece and distance from any point or points upon the farm whence n-alaiia may arise. As is well known, t je prevailing winds are from the west and tuUthwest; atd, perbap?, the most unusual of all are from the northeast. Heno. tue question of location is important, if there is any especially damegiLg spot on or neir the farm, and ehould be considered ami ;tcta upon. Careful researches by Bowditnh, Tttenskofer and others have quLecbsely connected the prevalence of consumption and certain low forms of fever with the approach of the water-line or i!s nearness to the surface. Standing water at a less distance than six or seven feet should warn against builtiing upon such a site. At any rate, this should not be done unless thorough drainage could be practiced upon the deep soil. Living close upon the borders of a tody of water, be it a stream or lake, is not necessarily f prejudicial to health, yet there jx something particularly damaging in the influence exerted by confined moisture beneath a dwelling or in the eoil upon whicn a building is place J. Therefore, the conditions here brieuy pointed out can not be safely overlooked. IMenro-I'nenmotiin Abroad. I'lenro pneumonia h.n, during the pi3l summer, been iticreasiu very much, especially in Scotland, which ha ca"3(rl the Privy Council to isue a circular to local nuthori!iep, bearing date November in tvhieh the fact is lully de-'ared and the s'atp'iint made that it had becu clearly proved that the fresh outbreaks had been occasion! by the removal of anitcala from previously -affected spots, thereby showing that a greater amount of caution and more energetic injures to stamp out the pestilence are desirable. The I'rivy Council thinks it better that stricter regulations should emanate from local authorities rather thctn the Privy Council should exercise its full powers with wh'ch it is invested by the Legislature, and this circular has evidently been issued as a preliminary step to havicg recourse to that ultimate remedy which, it is plain to be seen. must be applied if local authorities will n jt take more" pains to stop the spread of pleuropneumonia. Professor Brown eave the council of the Royal Agricultural Society to understand, at its November meeting, that, during the three months ending September ' of the present year, 145 fresh outbreaks had occurred, in which t47 cattla were attacked. Scotland has the disease far worse than England, and some very valuable purebred Aberdeen cattle have conveye t the malady across tbe Atlantic, th whole hvlug to be slaughtered after their arrifil in America. The Canadian authorities have been compelled, in consequence, to cloie their ports against any cattle from Scotland. Wajh'.Dj Sharp. An Eastern woolen manufacturer sends the following to the Breeders' Gazette, which may contain eone hints of value to fJockmasters: If the practice in those countries where large l'cok-masters make shepp raising and ftt-dine their sole business is to be taken as tne result of experience, the verdict ia gaint t the washing of sheep. In most foreign countries the wool is shorn and marketed in the i-nwashed state. This li the caee with ail South American and Ilusaiin rmrino wools. In the first years of Bheep growing in Australia nearly all the woo! was wnthed upon the sheep's back, but the proportion baa each year been frrowin les. urdil now about 75 per cent, of the crop is marketed in the grease. About 13 per cent., mostly made up from the skirts and pieces, is shipped scoured, and not more than H to 10 per cent are washed Ileeces. The practice of kirting ia much more advantageous thin washing to both Ln vers arid sellers, for fine woo's especially. The buyer is willine to give more for the fleece freed from the skirts that are not suitable for his wort, and the skirts, either In the grease or scoured, will bring their full value from the consumers to whose work they are adapted. In baying fine domestic washed Heeces aa marketed ln tills country tbe manufacturer estimates his loss upon the skirts and dung-locks, a) well as upon the grease, striogs, etc., and, as these ire an uncertain quantity, he must make his. calculations on tbe safe tide. In skirted wools he need only estimate the greaie. Hreedinc Grade Dorset. I Farm, Field and Stockman. 1 Very many farmers seem to suppose they should use a small stallion in the breeding up of colts that are to be raised for farm and general every day use. Nothing could be lurther from the mark. Some years ago there was a special craze for Morgan horses as sires, especially those of the Black Hawk ) jjtxaiflf JUs jrcre wdeniz?d tones, jl

though active and full of nerve. They were I not large enough for ordinary farm work or I

general teaming, and the use of these as sires cost the horse-breeders oi the w est minions of dollars in the reduction in Bize of th e progeny. Another clasi are now in favor of u.ing .thoroughbred stallions. This is better, if large, stanch sires can be had a ruosA, difficult matter at anything like moderate coat. Still another clays breed grade sires V their mares. This class are much further out of the way than either of the other classes of breeders. The true tolicv is to emolov onlv purely bred eires of the draft blood. This increases the Eke, adds bone and muscle, and is by no means a violent cross, especiallv upon mares of pood tize. In this case a large-sued ClydeEhtre, 1'ercheron or French draft-sire may be used. For smaller marcs select ruediumBtzed sires -f the draft breed that may be fancied. Thus, ia a few years of breeding, youwill have a etrala of horses good for any purpose where sue, ttrength, honest at a pull, and a fair amount of speed are required. Then, also, when you wish to seil you can always cet a good price for well-mate ed col!s. Give little weedy fiires a wide berth. Breed only to the best. They are the cheapest in the end. 'Tinning the Soil After Planting, ll'ractical Farmer. The importance of pressing down the soil Je especially ma iee u. Uell understood by successfa cu tiyators, I l.'it th re are martv careless cultivators who. -- 1 tk.ejr icaiug tue iujpvitauiir, x'jxj ui n t piAw the seed into the ground and l?ave the soil immediately above the seed altogether too lijiht, so much so that small seed will fail to come up until after a good shower. While it is important to have the soil directly over the setd pressed firmly, it is also important to have ttie soil urine a between tne rws. in sowing small garden seeds, whatever is used to firm the soil with should press only a lew ii. dies in width over the seed, and should not be heary enough to press the sod more than ote cr two inches deeper than the seed is p'anted ; for to prss the grouud four or live Juchts in depth is to destroy the advantage gained by plowing and cultivating the land; for this reason it is cot good policy to press the ground, except over the rows where the teed is planted. When small seed is sown broadcast, if a Leavv roller is run over the ground, the injury done by hardening the ground Is sometimes more than the benefit by firming it over the seed. When seed is sown broadcast whatever is used to firm the soil thould be very l'ght, so as to press only a si'?ht depth below the sunace. The object of firming the .soil being only to cause the reed to eprout and to btttcr support the yourg plant the first few days aiier it is above ground, the soil should be prened only hard enough to accomplish thi3 purpose. Smill seed tlat are covered only a half inch in depth will not in a dry time receive any moisture if the soil is not firmed, because a light garden soil will dry that depth in a vtry short time after it is stirred up to plant the eeed, so that seed thus planted will not grow until the ground is moistened and beat down by a heavy shower. If a light shower comes it may moisten the soed just erxugu to spread it, and then if several hot thy days follow the sprout will dry up, and the eeed ia thus destroyed; butjtfhen an inch of the top of the soil is firmed it will retain the moisture lorg enough for the seed to snrout ar t send down roots into the moird soil below, und so befnre the surface becomes very dry the roots will have penetrated the earth far enough to supply what moisture the plant needs. In fiimicg te ecil it is important that tbe condition of the land should be considered; some soils need firming much more than othf is; a wet, moist soil needs but very little firming, because the seed will reaiiiy find moisture enough to sprout i'; but a dry soil needs to be pressed harder, because if left l'ght and loose it dries much deeper than wet land, and does not so readily press together except the work be done soon after a shower. This, like all of the other operations of the farm, is one that must be governed hy surrounding conditions; the hand that directs must be moved by intelligence that has been obtained by practical experience. LIVE STOCK NOTKj. The fall colts may be given all the ground oats they can eat. As mares will have but little labor to perform at this season, there will be no necessity for weaninj the colts before fpricg. General C. M. Cly, who has handled a great many sheep, says it won't do to use the old-fashioned shepherd's crooi on modern heavy sheep. Thewaytohold them is to 1 ut the arm aruund the neck. S ock, ps, a rule, are naturally clean, and will net lie down to rest in a uianare-pile if t.iore cleanly and c.onifortab'e iuirf rs are provide d, and we all know that cleauline3 is conducive to health. Trctdirg ru;hr.als should not be kept to la?, tr.d tiicso th.it arc intended for orco lin'i up.''scd should-not bo fed with those bein iv.twü far r.i9ket. If the females be too f-t the ycung will be weak and puny. $$rr tonis of di: cases in hc?;s are such a3 to indicate the particular didiculty to one who is experienced in their management. A cough denotes malignant lung trouble, hiie inactivity and mopishness rac-aa that something is wrong with the digestion. Very frequently teveie cold may cause thera to draw up and appear sfck, especially when the shelter is not such as should be provided. Solomon Scar, of ilaxwell, Lao qui Parle County, Minn , has 3S0 shewp, and thinks they pay him better than wheat would, aavs the American Sheep Breeder. He prefers the larger breeds on account of their great value for mutton, and believes that farmers would find greater profit in sheep if they would raise them so extensively that buyers could easily secure them by the car-load. The colt that ia taken from its tlani in the fall has a hard time of it tbe first winter; all the harder for a too prevalent idea that a little hardship at this time is no detriment, causing the animal to be tougher. On the cortrsry, there is no time in a horse's life when liberal feeding is more necessary or will pay better. Oats are even more neassary for the colt while growing than for the old horse while working or being driven. Mr. C. M. Winslow, secretary of the Ayrshire Cattle-breeders' Association, reports an average yield from a herd of fifteen Ayrshires of 8'.K) pounds of milk per cow d"r'ng the month of June, the milk yielding '23 per cent, of cream as taken from testing glasses. This, however, is a very uncertain method of testing the richness of milk, as one sample of cream may contain twice as much butter as another sample of the same size. The presence of any thoroughbred cow in a herd, says the American Dairyman, ha a most remarkable efiect upon the owner. She is the first one ho concerns himself about when the herd is looked up. She gets all the pettiifg and extra bites of grass. The wife eets that cow's milk peprirate to use in ti e family, and when the cow has a new calf tveiybody goes oat to look at it. Such a tow has a refining influence in the fatnitv, ard eyery family and every farmer should have one in the herd. AVay They Treat Horse-thieves Id Montana. A llontana newspaper contains the following advertisement, and if it catches the eye of the thief he will learn how to make J."0 for bis heirs. "The night of the 14th Inst, a dark bay mare, fifteen hinds hieb, small white star in forehead, both bind feet white, was stolen from the stable of Ira Sampson, the undersigned. I will give mare and 150 in cash for full and reliable partic ulars regarding the funeral of the thiei. That's the kind of a man I am." The Necessity of Bedding. The man who owns horses and does not provide plenty of good bedding for them during the winter should be made to sleep on the bare floor without any cover over him. The treatment would be about the same. While bedding doe not answer for covering it, prevents the 4ntact with the cold floor or ground, and Jiua male, the hordes mere wmfoxtahie,

7,fany horses do not lie down at night when their stalls are not well bedded, a thing

wnicn is quire unnaiurai tu uiuau tca. Depilvedof their rest in this way, they are not able to do as good a day's work as if they had passed a pleasant night In a well-bedded stall. National Stockman. The Germantown Telegraph says that there are two ways ot finding the age of cattle. In cows rings appear upon the horns, which serve as a guide, though not always renaDie. If a heifer calves when she is two years old the rings will come then, in which case add one to the number. If sbe calve3 at three years old, add two. No rings are found upon bulls, and if oxen have them they are very rarely eeen under five years of age; hence, add five to the number. The teeth are not to be depended upon, as the manner of treatment and kind of feed will affect them. At birth two teeth are to be seen, and in eighteen months there is a pet of broad, well-grown teeth. But from this they begin to grow narrow, and at about six months later the middle ores will drop out, when others take their places. Eain following year two mora will drop out until the first ieeth are shed, and in this way one can generally tell the age of the animal until it is five years old, when a new Ect has been formed. As has been intimated, there will be some variations from this, and from six years you can not tell absolutely by the teeth. HOUSEHOLD HINTS. Jam Sauce. A teaspoonful of water to half a pot of jam; stir it and melt it on the fire; then strain it and pour it round your pudding. Solidified Beef Tea. One way to beguile an invalid into taking more beef tea than he i8 willing to la to add gelatin i to it and let it cool in a mold. When it i3 hard and like jelly serve it with salt and wafers. Fried Tread. Take a half-pint of sweet milk and add a well-beaten egg and a little salt; dip in this slices of bread (if dry let it soak a minute) and fry on a buttered griddle until it is a light brown on each side. This ia a good way to use up dry bread. Tocket-Cake?. "Children's pocket-cakes" may be made of one pint of flour mixed with the yelk of ore egg; sweeten with a cap of Eoft brown sugar, flavor with any favorite seasoning, mace, nutmeg or cinnamon. Roll out quite thin and cut in fancy 6hr.pea. Bake quickly. Vermicelli Soup. The stock for vermicelli scup Is better made of chicken or veal than of beef; both chicken and veal may be U3ed together. Add anything to the stock you may prefer, and bod the vermicelli In the straihed soup until tender, which should be in about twenty minutes. Apple Turnover. Roll out tolerably thin a little piece of light pastry; place in I a large apple of good baking kind, pared and cored ; cover it weil with the paite and secure it firmly ; bake it in a temperate oven. Four of these turnovers, as they are called, make a dish. They are good either hot or cold. Fried Oysters. Select the largest aud plumpest. Drain and spread on a cloth. Bes.t very light two or three egs. Dip the cyster fir-t in eg, then in rolled cracker. Have the butter perfectly hot, and enough in the pan to cover the oyster. Lay them In, and when brown turn and brown the other side. For an economical puddiDg take thin slices of stale bread, butter them on both sides, cover the bottom of a pudding dish with them and spread jam of any kind over tht-m; then add another layer, and so on until the dish is full. Have a thin layer of buttered bread on top. Serve hot, with cream er a custard made of a pint of milk, one cup of sugar and two eggs. FA KM NOTES. Run the roller over the field whenever the wheat has been thrown up by the frost. The best way to induce hens to lay at thiä season.is to proride them with warm quarters and fee-d meat three or four times per week. Turkeys and guineas should not be allowed to roost in tbe tree-tops, or the result will be roup, which is contagious, all the fowls of the barn-yard being subject to it. Bye may be pastured whenever the weather permits, but care should be taken not to turn on the stock at a time when the ground is Eoft or so as to trample the field too much. France insists on the light or pig grade. J'ugland takes her ham, bacon and pork of medinm and heavy mixed, while Germany war.ts the "whole hog or nothing." She buys the heavy part. Don't forget or neglect to put your farm roads in good repair before it is too late. You will save mere than the whole cost cf the jab in a week when you need a good track in the busy spiinstirne. A musty cellar is death to milk or cream, but it seems impos.-ible to pound it into the he ad3 cf some people. More butter is ruined by lad cellars ar.d caves than from any other cavse on the farm. There U no use of a chiek or hen having the gares for twenty-four hours. A few drops of camphor and water down the thro:t 13 a sure cure. I never knew a second doe to fail. Cor. Poultry Keeper. The very best mulch for tender girden plants is iorett leaves, and quite independent of their vslre aj a winter protection they are worth all the cost oi gathering and drawirg for their beneficial action on the soil. E:ef may be smoked or corned at this season with but little ditliculty, aud the farmer who raises a steer for his own use annually will be provided with a better quality of meat than if he depended upon the pork barrel. A compost heap is rather unsightly, bat if laced in the back yard or behind the barn it will not annoy any one. Jlefuse matter should be thrown on this heap. All will help make a valuable pile of manure, which can be utilized in the spring. Modern farming is more and more becoming a race for the "survival of the nttest-" The poor farmer must "go." The good farmer only will be able to hold out against competition. It is a rule that is applicable to all branches of industry. The nearer the freezing point the cellar can be maintained without actually enda3gring the stored fruit, the better for apples. Heat and light do more damage than cold. Alternate free sing and thawing will soon destroy fruit or vegetable. A old strawberry patch plowed nnder gives excellent returns in succeeding crops of grain, vegetables cr fruits. This is owing largely to tbe fact that the strawberry ground is pretty well fertilized, also to the mass of roots and foliage turned under to rot. Thus it Las a double manuring. When the fiesh of a U of mutton shrinks back in cooking, leaving the end of the bone stick out an inch or so, it is a sure sign that the animal was not proprly fed. The only good meat of any kind is that which was made from tood feed and plenty of it. Shrinking meat is too full of water. Good ment ia juicy and bears well against heat. Flabby, watery meat always shrinks. The fattening valne o'f grains depends largely upon the free oil or fat contained in them, with their suar, starch, etc. One per cent, of oil is considered equal to more than 2 per cent, of sugar and starch. At these estimates sixty-nine pounds of corn equal seventy-eight pounds of barley, but the tmrley is richer in albuminoids, and is therefore more valuable than corn for the development of flesh. An oblong figure, as Ion again ai wide, is the most profitable shape for a garden, as the rows are equally long and less time Is taken up ia turning the horde. The sixa of the same thould be in proportion to the number of the family, bearing in mind the fact that one-fourth of an acre, well manured and cultivated, will produce more and bette r vegetables than a whole acre not so well attended to. The following item comes from the Illinois Horticultural Society: Upon the subject of pruning peach trees, Mr. K. A.;iUehl favored Xtepipg utcs well cat back. n4 ppenedpp

so that the Interior of the tree could receive more air and sunshine, and thus enable the little twigs along the main limbs to perfect and ripen the fruit setting on them, which is always a large part of the product of the tree. "When pullets are forced to lay early, by etin.ulants or highly concentrated food, it is an injury, as it taxes the vitality. A pullet that is forced will lay very small eggs for a while, and when she ceases, in order to nest,

she will not begin again as soon as a matured hen. She becomes prematurely old, and does not prove on the average as profitable as when she is given ample time to mature before beginning to lay. An examination of high-class bntterofferred for sale, says the Cultivator, shows that those specimens made by'the centrif ugal process are sott during the heated term, even when kept in refrigerators that harden the lumps of butter made in the ordinary way. We are convinced that tha choicest butter can not be produced where the milk or cream is subjected to such violent motion as it receives in the centrifugal machine. The special good points in duck culture are: (1) They never have cholera, croup or gapes, they never get drownedand after the first week not 2 per cent, are lost. (2) They Jav more epge, which hatch better than hens' eggs. (3) They have fine and delicious flesh for the table use. ( i) They attain to three and a half to four pounds' weight in ten weeks' lime, and in the Eastern market, where they are known and appreciated, they command a ready sale at from twenty to forty-five cents per pound in the spring. TAKING OFF THEIR HATS. Ladies llelplog to Carry Out Air. Frohman' rian. (New Yoik Times 1 A little woman, wearing a tall Tyrolean hat surmounted with a tlauntingred feather, walked into the lobby of the Lyceum Theater lest evening with a young man whose careful and painstaking appearance indicated that he had only recently been married. While the young man conferred with the keeper of the boxoflice the young woman saw this sign in black letters on a post: "Ladies who may desire can leave their hats in the adjoining room. No fees." She read the sign over twice, and when she got through the second time she saw a hand pointing toward the light-hand side door, She lcoked about, hesitated painfully a mo ment, and, without once looking at her hus band, made a dash for the room that Man aper Daniel Frohman has set apart for the U3e of ladies who do not wish to wear their hats at the play. In a moment she had returned hatlets. and when her husband turned from the box-ofilce with a confused bunch of silver certificates and parquet tickets in his hands she wa3 looking demurely at one oi Helen Dcuvray's photographs. " h why wh what s where & your hat? ' the vouce man casped. By way of reply the young woman directed his attention to the sign on the post. When the light of intelligence at length dawned upon him. the young man shed his hat, over ccat and walking-stick upon the cloak-room counter, and whisked the young woman up stairs. A few minutes later a party of twenty-four ladies and gentlemen, most of them young, led by Francis T. Garrettson and his daughter, crowded into the lobby. Some of the ladies wore only nubias and small caps on their heads; tbe others left their hats in the ladies' cloak-room. It was the first hatless theater party that had visited the Lyceum. The party, which had driven to the theater in three big stages, occupied seats on the left sice of the parquet. Soon alterward a hatless party of ten came in. When the play began there were rearly thirty ladies' hats hanging on hooks in the cloak-room. While the orchestra was playing the over ture a gentleman and two ladies entered the lobby. The gentleman pointed out Manager rrohrcan s placard. "I don t care," said one of the ladies, "mv bat isn't any taller than any others, and I'm not coins to take it ou. "Well, mine isn't any taller than yours,'J said the other young lady, "l shan t täte it ofT." "Oh, there's nothing compulsory about it, the gentleman hastened to say. "ion can do iust as you like." The ladies went upstairs with their hats on. Manager Frohman said last evening that the movement against tbe high hat was earn ing m favor with the ladies nightly. He wished it to be understood that it was not necessary for tbe ladies to take olT their hats to secure the object aimed at; if they would wear small hats the effect would be the same. Several ladies Appeared at the Lyceum last evening in becoming low-crowned hats. Socialistic Ilnnibug'. Chicago EvcuiDg Journal. When, a few months ago, Dr. Avcling and his wife, the English Socialists, and Herr Liebknecht, the Gtrman Socialist, came to the United Statt s on a lecturing tour, it was given out that they were aaima'ed by humanitarian motives alone, and the im pression conveyed was that they were selftacrificirg evangelists, who had come to our shores at their own expense to preach tne erppel of Socialism. It row appears that Dr. Aveling was paid tLSGO in clean cash for his thirteen weeks' labor, and it was only when a supplement ary bill for $3iR) more, part of which covered the item of corsace bouquets for Mrs. Aveling, was presented that the Na tional Executive Uoard rebelled at the i.nelish man's avarice. How much Herr Lieb knecht received for firing the German heart with the principles ofSocialism has not yet appeared. Probably he got his $100 a week, too. It has been charged that the object of his visit was to raise funds to assist the Socialists at the elections in Germany, but he denies this, and explains that his American friends promucd to send innds for that pur pose, althongh unasked to do so. So it seems, at any rate, that money was one of the ob jects of the German agitator's visit, If it was not the main object. And so it will always be found that these professional agitators who go about the country making a great parade of their love for the down-trodden and oppressed and pretending to be concerned onlv for the good of others are, in fact, chiefly interested in mittlre money in their own pockets. Som$ of them are scheming to get political office, and others menace, by book or by crook, to get good pay lor their pretended services as they eo alone: but every one oi inem, irora first to last, has an ulterior and selfish object in view. A Stranger "DoeV a Itank. Versos, Jan. 0. Some days ago a stranger called on the cashier of the State Hank of Jennines County here, and asked as to the BtandlDz of Daniel Lewis, a wealthy farmer residia? in the northwestern part of the county, saying he was selling him a piano, and was told that his nete was good for any amount. A few days later tbe stranger arain faced the cashier, and laid down Sir. Iwia' note, for $325. pavable in ninety days, 8 per cent, interest. Tbe note was cashed promptly, and Mr. Lewis wai duly notified that the bank held his obligation, when he hastened to Bee them, and pronounced the note a forpery. He had given no note, bought no piano nor seen any such stranger. While receiving for the New Year do not fonret your old family friend, Fond's Ex tract. To those who are not familiar with its virtues we take pleasure in introducine it as the great family remedy for Inflamma tions, hemorrhages, bnrns, boils, sprains, piles, sore throats and all kindred diseases. It is vegetable, perfectly harmless used in ternally and externally, but its power for cood will surprise von and make you its lasting friend. Thysicians prescribe Dr. J. II. McLean's Tar Wine Lung Balm. In it they find no trace of opium or morphia, while its efficacy In curing all throat or lang diseases is wonCerivu,

HABITS OF BAD BUGS.

An Address Before Uio Board ot Agriculture on "The Farmer's Enemies.'' An Interesting Meeting Concludes With the Klectlon of Officers Ad jastment of the Malllard Premium Difficulties. The State Delegate Board of Agriculture met yesterday morning at 10 o'clock. Mr. Mitchell moved that a committee of two be appointed t audit the treasurer's accounts. The committee appointed were Messrs. Sieg and MitchelL Fending the report of the committee, Frofeseor F. M. Webster, State Entomologist, read a paper on "Insects Affecting the Smaller Cereal Grains." He said: "The terms 'lly' and 'weevil' include ten or twenty different varieties of Insects. The so-called weevil is seldom found outside of grain elevators. The Hessian fly is hard to distirguish from other insects included under the Dame 'Hies.' There is another very diiferent fly which a fleets wheat, but to a less dpgree and in a different manner. This is known as the wheat stem maggot, ineeggs are deposited on the young wheat plants in the fall, and the maggots destroy tne tender stem fcv cutting off the central portion just above the bulb. The larv;e pass the winter in the plant, emerging as adults in the ppring, These adults soon after deposit eggs upon the plant?, the larvcc from them working in the .straw just above the upper point, thereby causing the upper portion ot tne stem, in cludirg the head, to wither and dry iust prior to harvest. in the wheat straw worms we nave insects of quite diflerent habits, being small antlike insects, blacfc, with ellow epots on the shoulders and rings of the same color on the limbs. In dealing with the wheat midge it ia difficult to say withoir present knowledge cT its habits how far any cf the preceding remedies will affect either the adult insect or its larvae. With the chinch-bug we close our list of the principal inBect enemies of the smaller cereal grains, although those enumerated constitute but a small portion of the number which annually exact tribute from the farmer. The chinch-bug passes the winter in the adult stage under dried leaves orgrassep, and, in fact, any where about the fields where it can find protection irom tne elements. They come forth from their winter quarters from March until the middle ot May, according to locality, and deposit tneir eggs to the number of about A) per each fern a' c. " I'rofessor Webster urged that larger appro priations he allowed by the Legislature for the use of tbe btate Entomologist in experimenting. The address was illustrated by numerous plates, and was disrussd by Messrs. Leckhart, Mutz, Kingsbury. David son. Hargrove, mntsana lteagan. tue com mittee reported on tbe treasurer s report, and it was adopted. At the afternoon session it was announced by the secretary that the Executive Com mittee bad approved the protest filed by Colonel Maillard against the award of the first premium in the trial of matched horses. A motion was carried providing for the payment of the prize money to Colonel Maillard. A proposition to refund his entrance fee to 1. W. CoDr, ot Aurora, Decause nis horse had been barred by the starter, was lost After the adjournment of the old board Mr. William A. Greer was chosen permanent chairman for the first meeting of the new board. The electio i of officers for 1SS7 re sulted as follows: W. H. Seward, president; Alexander Herron, secretary; Sylvester Johnson, treasurer; and C. E. Merrilield, eeneral superintendent. Meesrs. Lockbart, Mitchell, Davidson and Peed were constituted the hxecutive Com mittee. Un motion of Mr. Lockhart, the salary of the secretary was iccressed to $l,500. In order to allow Illinois to come into the circuit Mr. Mitchell moved that the time for holding the State fair be the week commencing Sep tember VX This was carried, after discus sion. Messrs. Mitchell. Dank and Hargrove were appointed a committee to draft suitable resolutions regarding the oeath ot air. Joun Sutherland, a former member of the board. Mr. Dungan moved that the treasurer's salarv be increased to $300. On motion of Mr. Lockhart, a committee consisting of Messrs. Mitchell. Lockhart and Simonton was appointed to formulate a system of rules governing county institutes. The convention then adjourned to meet on Taesday, February 15. In a Chtca;;o Wizard' Den. IChicagO Evening Journal. 1 In a street near the river stands a weathrbeeten honcewith a sign oyer the door which read-, "Mysteries of the past, present aul future revealed. Also, now-wowing." Siumbling alcDg the looe board walk and up the rickety steps, I pulled at the beJI-knoh. A moment later tbe door opened, as a sewer ccverirc ru?jM. emittinj the femes ot in numerable toiled dinner?, boiled garments, yellow scap aad poisoned air. "l or tunes are told hcr, are they not?" 1 aiked, as the doer opened barely enccgh for admittance. "Step in the seance-room; he will he up presently," the tail, haggard dame said. pointiDg to an apartment facing front. The green curtains eeiore tne winjows were drawn low, so that what little light entered was tirged with green, as are the simpletons who shell out their half-dollars to support these cankerous vermin. But here he is. 'The forces be strong and I m weak," he says, wheezing liae a worn-out engine as ne dragB his deformed legs atter mm wun tae help of two etrong crutches. His head was very large, hair in a f-narl, distorted features, and his coat shone like a tallow-chandler's apron. Tumbling, into a chair he closed his eyep, and kept them ahnt as long as I remained. Accompanying tbe request for a few points upon the subject of pow-wowing nth an extra quarter ot a dollar, tne ion-une-teller said: "Wery remarkable, air; cures vunderful, sir; especial good for burns and sich accidents; beats them doctors all holler. How do we git the power?" he eaid, fn ariswer to my question. "D rect 'cendants of ol' med'sn-man in Delaware Injun willage, which lived more'n 200 year ago. ro stun to anna; cnarms. sir, an' motions" (imitating the movements of one s arms in swimming.) Settling back into his Chair, he began to lift the veil which conceals the future. "I see', he said, in a ghastly tone, "a wessel sail'n toward of you. There is a lady on board look'n fur you, an'you hain't never seed er; she is dressed perfect elegant. There be a pile of fo'ks stand'n roun ; it's either a wedd'n or a funeral. Behind yer be a old man and an old woman. Them be garden anguls; tbair all's along close' behin' night and day. Th'l do ye beep o' good." He got off a lot of stuff about traveling over water, letters from absent friends, ecveral wives and irore children. When evincing signs of his return to earth I took it that the performance was over and departed, wondering how so many girls and other foolish people find satisfaction for their hardearned money in the muttered words of a mountebank. A Chane for Health Is afforded those fast sinking into a condition ot hopeless debility. The means are at hand. In the form of a genial medicinal cordial, Hostetter's Stomach Bitters embodies the combined qnalitles of a blood fertilizer and depurent, a tonic and an alterative. While it promotes digestion and assimilation, and stimulates appetite, has tho further effect of purifying the life current and strengthenieg the nervous system. As the blood grows richer and purer by its nse, they who resort to this sterling medicinal agent acquire not only vigor, but bodily substance. A healthful change In the secretions is effected by it, and that sure and rapid physical decay which a chronic obstruction of the functions Of the system proI rroatl. ThA nrlroe causes of disease being removed, health ia speedily renovated and vigor restoreu. Ayer't Rarsaparilla stops the nauseous discharge of HIVlUiVP UlWJh. Nisi cum (he cgjppWjiV,

R. R. R.

RADWAY'S READY RELIEF The Cheapest and Best Medicine for Family U9 ln the world. Eore Throat, Colds, Coughs, Inflammation, bciatica, Lumbago Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Headache, Toothache, Nervousness, Diphtheria, Influenza, Difficult Breathing, Cured and Prevented by Radwavs Ready Reliel THE ONLY PAIN REMEDY That instantly steps the most excruciating paine allays Inflammation and cures Ckragestta whether of the Lungs, Sto&wh, Bowels, or oihec Elands or organs, by one application. Di FROM OSE TO TWENTY METES No matter how rlolert or excrnciattcg the palatf. the Rheumatic, Eed-rMden, Infirm, trippled Nervous. Neuralgic, cr prostrated with diseaM, may; suffer. Radwavs Ready Relief will arroED instant ease. Infiatnmatioa of the Kidneys, InSaramation of thfl Bladder, Inflammation ol tbe Bowels, xni?eetioa of the Lungs, Palpitation of the Heart, Hysterica. Cronp, Catann, Ntiralgla, Rheumatism, OolC Chüls, Ague Chills, Chilblains, Frostbites, Net vonsnesii, Sleeplessness. The application ot lhe Beady Relief to the part or parts where the pain or cifflculty txhu will afford instant case and comfort. Thirty to sixty drops in half a tumbler of watet will in a few minutes cure Cramps, Sour Stomaca lleartbnrn. tlca tteaaacne, uiarmea, uypemery Colic, Wind ln the Eowe'.i and all internal pain.

malariaW

CHILLS AND FEVER, FEVER AND AGÜ3 CX)XQCREI. Radwav's Ready Relief Not only cures the patient c1ed with this terrible foe to wttlers ln newiy-scttled districts, whera the malaria or ague exists, but u people expose to it will, every morning on iretttnir out of bed. take twenty or thirty drops of the Ready Relief bs a glars of water, and drink it, and eat say crai ker, they will escape attacks. This must tr done betöre going out. A person koibr out in a malarious atmoroheraV with his stomach empty and his system weakened and inhaling this malarious poison, tne absorDents at once take It up and circulate it tnronrta the system. The Real v Relief, being a EDTKAL1ZER, DISINFECTANT and DifTuKive ßtimulant, at once fettles the stomach and protects it ajralnsV the ill eCects of the malaria. It quickens the cir culation of the blood that has been checked and clocked in the vessels from the Influence of th malaria; it arouses to healthy action the liver, spleen and gastric organs, imparting strength and vitality to the gastric juice and nervous fluid, prostrated and dormant from the deadly inflnenoa) of the malaria. In a word, Radway's Ready Rv lief braces up tbe entire system and drives oat every particle ol maTarlous poison that may extet. In these caws it is necosary to regulate the hvor. splecD, stomach, skin and kidneys to a he-! thy action. This is secured by Radway's Pill. Now, let any person seized with Fever and Ajrne, $ soon us the Fever i off or the Chills cn, take a spoonful of Ready Relief in water every hour for six hours, and rub the spine cf the back with taa Relief clear. Follow thia up ever day. To those that are subject to attacks either every day or at longer period, it will do more good than all the quinine and other remedies in the world. Take iudway'g Filla ta large doses every Bight, and a cure will soon 19 made, after which a teapooniul ot Ready Relief. in water, three or lour times a a ay, beiore xneaia. and two or three of Radway's Pills at night, wai protect every settler in ague districts again jt at tacks. Let this be done if you wi6h to avoid attacks of Fever and Amie, or any other malariona fevers. For the prevention and cure of thin d

eaee alone Radway's Ready Rel'.ef and Pill ar worth a farm to every settler. No heme cr family V should be without thepe remedie. . I Fever and Ague cured for Fifty Centa. There la xx a Mmi.. 1 an-cnf tn tKia wr,r!H that vri!? nn

fever and apue and all other malarious, biiions, eariet. trphoil, yellow and o.her fevers (aide! by RRdway's Hllfc) so quickly ladway's Ueady Ee:kf. FIFTY CENTS BOTTLER Sold by Drui8ts. DR. RADWAY'S The Only Genuine SARSAPARILLIAN . RESOLVENT The Great Blood Purifier, Tor tba Cur ot Chronle Ptsimssa. Chronic Rheumatism, Bcrotnla,p?yphIlltlc ;Coa plaint, etc (See onr book on venereal, et04, price twenty-five cents'), Orandular Swelling, Huk lag Dry Cough, Cancerous Affections, Bleeding oi' the Lung, Dyppepsia, Water Brash, White 8web ing. Tumors, Pimples, Blotches, Eruption of the Face, Ulcers, Bip Disease, tJout, Dropsy, Kicke BSi Kidney, Bladder, Liver Complaint, etc. SCROFULA, Whether transmitted Irom parents or acquired, within the curative range of the 8ARä AP A BJLv LIAN RESOLVENT. Sold by all Druggist. ONE DOLLAR PER BOTTLER RADWAY'S PILLS. The Great Liver and Stomach Remedy. Tor the cure of all dkorden of the Stomach, Llveit Bowels, Kidneys, Bladder, Nervous Diseabca, Ixmsof Appetite, Headache, CoetiTenem, IcdiueUon, BUlousnesa, Fever, Inflammation of thoBowela, Piles, and all derangements ot the ia'vnial via oera. Purely vegetable, containing ao mercury. xairerals. or deleterious druris. Prlfjb, X5 centi per box. bold Inj all drcnktSDYSPEPSIA. DR, BADWATSTTLIS are a cure for thil COM plaint. They restore strength to the stomann and enable it to perform Its functions. Th irmrtomioi Dyspepsia disappear, and with thecj the liability of the system to contract dlaeaseTake the medicine aocordln to dlrectioma, aa 1 observe what we aay In "False aad True" reapeoy

Send a letter stamp to DR. EAJDWAY A CO., K3 VJ S2 Warren street, Kew York. .

i linn ll--" nviH. .ii - TO TUB PUBLIC. Be lureTand wi tor RADWAY'S, and eejthaj a I r IT II arnHh MlT1M11.ll Will r SATJC tie waaeBJkPn All' la on wpxto buy, .