Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 25, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 July 1885 — Page 6

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL,. WEDNESDAY, JULY 22, 1885.

OUR FARM BUDGET.

larcmicxg Tim ci the Farm Effect cf Tfcmder cn MiliCut-Worms. Feeding Hay -Seeding to Gras New Insect rest Stable In Summer Fruit Tree Hens and Chicken Wanhing flatter Borrowing Household Hints and Fariu Notes. Economizing Tim on the Farm. ticrmantown Telegraph. How to ase time to the best advantage in tte busy season of the year is what every farmer should study well. It is not enough that he works hard all day long, scarcely taking time to cat his meals, if his work is not done right, in the right time and in the right way. Doing the work in the right time will save much unnecessary labor, by keeping all kinds of farm implements ready for use whenever needed; keeping fences up so a? not to be troubled with runaway cattle; iut especially in the raising of croi is it nccc'sary to be in time, both in seeding and karvetinganl keeping the weeds down from the spring of the year, so as not to let tbeiu pet a start, or they will be hard to confer later in the season. To do thing- in a riht 'way includes a great deal, and only the outlines can lw friven in a short article like this. Ihe first is to do one thing at a time and do it thorc r.ply, not be shitting from one work to another, for in this way much time is lost. One thing which is much overlooked is to have everything handy, have 'l kinds of feed close by where it is to be frd; have the corncrib rear to the hog pasture, the hay close to the ham or stable, an J water both for cattle and house use near at hand, for in this way it will not take more than half the time to do chores as it will be if everything that is fed must be carried, even if not thought o be far. It is surprising how much tin will be walked away for )iothing in he course of a year. Order ihouldle strictly observed in everything, iu having a place for all kinds of tools and having there in their place when not used. "While AO method can be mechanically followed in dividing up the labor on the farm, still it can be arranged by establishing certain ruJes so as to save much time. In this way wore can be done in ten hours where no order is followed ; therefore it is necessary to plan well before commencing on all kind of wok. Feeding Hay. Concerning the indefinite quantity of the hay ration in the most reputed feeding exI Aliments, it may be observed that feeding ay is a matter that requires considerable judgment. Animals, like men, when the opportunity for exercising preferences is presented, are apt to consider that the best only is good enough for them, and, if more hay is given than they require, will pick out the tenderest anil sweetest portions and leave the remainder, which not only wastes valuable feed, but encourages the habit of daintiness in the an i main, which is conducive to anything but thrift. Animals that pick over their food, smelling and poking every blade and stem in apparent hesitation as to whether to eat or not, do not coniare in thriftiness with the good, square eater., whose apj-etite give them a good relish for a reasonable quantity of any proper food. The general practice is to "feed enough." which is correct enough when just sufficient is given, and very incorrect when great quantities are given to' be tramped under foot or otherwise wasted. But with hay in bulk, it is not very easy to guage the quantity given, and even if this were possible, it would vary materially with the quantity of the product, although where good grain rations are given, variations in the quality of hay are not so iraErtant. We remember once weighing some y that had been passed through a cutting machine, and that a great big pile of it un--ut measured only a few bushel basketfuls after the machine had done withit, weighing seven pounds and a half to the basket, or just half the weight of coarse wheat bran weighed at the same time. It is not possible in the practical ojeration of the farm to be fctriefly accurate in such matters, but whatever departure there may be should be so far as possible, controlled by calculation, aud not left altogether to accident. The farmer can not have a chemical analysis made of his Lay to ascertain its exact nutritive value, and he can not weigh out to each bullock so many pounds and ounces; but he can, considering the quantity of grain he is feeding, and the average quantity of the hay. make up his mind about how many pounds he should feed. If he does this,"and rinds part of it wasted, he can decrease the quantity, and if the Quantity should be inufticient, his own practical ol ersration will soon disclose that fact to him. Having made nj his mind about how many lounds to feed, he will have to guess anil weigh a few times until he can approximate the desired quantity, and will have a basis of starting point from which to increase or decrease his ration, llesides he is pursuing a method, and there i nothing that contributes so much toward sharpening one's powers of observation and ripening his experience as the habit of doing everything according to some fixed method or plan. Santmer .Seeding to Grass. American Agriculturist The most successful seeding to grass may be done in July and August, after the grain crops are taken oft'. The present season has been a bad one for the .seed sown lat fall. The hard winter destroyed the timothy, and the late spring has interfered greatly with the seeding of the clover. As a rule, it may be said that summer seeding is more successful titan fall and spring seeding, but the ground must be thoroughly well prepared. 'The whole secret lies in this preparation. The follow ing plan has leen found excellent : The etubble is well plowed, not more than four inches deep, and immediately harrowed in a thorough manner. There are several new implements which do this work in the best manner, pulverizing the soil, leveling the surface and smoothing it, so as to get the land in the most perfect condition for the seed. After all this has been done, and the furrow marks obliterated, the seed is sown sad the surface immediately rolled. If this is done in July nothing more is required. If it is left later it will be desirable to sow turnip seed at the rate of one pound per acre with the grass eed. This affords protection for the young gras and clover in the fall and winter. We-have found it a good plan to leave tLe turnips on the ground and not gather them. They will be killed by the frost, and the leaves falling down furnish protection to the grass during the winter, and in the early spring, when so much damage is usually done by the alternate thaws and frosts. The grass will usually furnish one cutting the same season, but it should not be pastured, as the surface is not yet firm enough nor the plants sufficiently well rooted to stand such a tax. w Insect Pests. A rouplt of new insect pests are described in the current Agriculturist. One nukes havoc among the onion bed, and the other attacks strawberry beds. Ho far as could be judged from the young caterpillars, the one no destructive to the onions in Orange County, New York, appears to be the species known as the greasy cut-worm. The worms make a hole in the ground, to which they retire in the early morning, and remain quiet during the day. At night they issue forth on their work of destruction, and those which do not climb cut off young and tender plants just at the surface of the soil. They feed upon the plant, and often drag pieces of the leaves to their burrows, which leads to their detection. Upon inquiring what had been dor, to check the inject in its destructive work, we learned that jdasler, lime, salt, ashes, Fans green

ard a secret poisonous preparation called "slug-shot"' had been used, with butlittleor no perceptible effect. The most effective method was to collect the worms at night and kill them. This, where the area is several acres, is an almost hopeless task. The strawberry weevil is annoying growers in Michigan and on Staten Island, N. Y. It is closely related to the plum weevil, or curculio. The strawberry weevil feeds upon the flowers of the strawberry, and also pierces the stalk, just below the Mower clusters, causing them to break off with the young berries, and thus the crop is lost. 8. G. Winant, of Staten Island, who first brought this iitsect to notice last year, writes that the weevil scarcely troubles those kinds of strawberries which have pistillate rlowers. This immunity of the pistillate varieties may be due to the fact that the insect is fond of pollen, and avoids tlowers which do not furnish it. The weevil will very probably spread, and strawberry growers should ie on the watch for its first appearance. Hand-picking a few weevils, when they are first seen upon the flowers, may save much trouble. The insect is no imported enemy, but native, which has only recently invaded cultivated grounds. As in other cases, finding an abundance of food to its liking, the insect will no doubt increase with a rapidity heretofore unknown to it. Waihing Hutter. American Cultivator.

If butter is to be washed at all after Saltini and workimr, it should be washed with pickle or brine, and not with ice water or Irish w ater, r rcsii water will at once whiten the butter witli which it conies in contact, take the salt out and cause it to become strong in taste almost immediately. For this purjose the pickle should be made several days before ne-ded for use. It must be of good strength, that is, the water must be thoroughly saturated with the salt, the result of stirring and dissolving. Washing in cold brine does nqt soften the butter. Salt maintains the water at low temperature. Ice water in contact with butter has but an in jurious effect. Even slight droppings of ice water upon a parcel of butter for twentyfour hours will whiten it and spoil it by rendering it strong and unmerchantable as a choice product. Take a tub of butter and place ujon the top of the butter a cloth sat urated witu iresn water, ana m less tnan a day the upper layer will be whitened, the salt removed and the first stages of rancidity induced. Many otherwise choice parcels of butter have been sjoiled by the use of fresh water, and even by the use of water in which salt has Wen stirred about for a short time. Unless the pickle is made very strong, a work of time, it is little better than fresh water for this purtose. The best creamery butter is salted at the rate of one ounce in the pound of butter, and if washed at all, pickle only is used. Hens and Chirkens. It is rather late in the season to write alout the care of sitting hens and raising chickens, but useful hints are always timely. In this age of inventions too many ieople are led by the new ideas of artificial incubation, and have neglected that most primitive and natural of incubators, the ''mother biddy." It is a well-known fact that when a hen "steals her nest" she almost invariably brings forth a full brood of tine, healthy chickens, and but few eggs ever remain unhatched. ihe reason is that the laws of nature relating thereto are more nearly complied with. Exjeriem e has taught rne to reject large, clumsy hens tor sitters, as they bieak a large number of eggs. Therefore, in selecting hens for sitters, I prefer those of medium or light weight, letting them set a day or two before placing the eggs under the hen. ro more eggs should be put in the nest than can le well covered by the hen. If too many eggs are put under the hen, which is a common fault, the chicks wili be a long time in coming out of the shell; and when the' are hatched will be in a very weakly condition and quite a percentage of them will die, or if they do not die they will not develop into fine, healthy chickens. During the ieriod of incubation the nest should be renovated ouce or twice while the hen is of the nest, as this keeps the nest fresh and clean. At no time should the sitter be allowed to becrae aftiicted with vermin, as she will leave the nest frequently and the eggs will become chilled. Fruit Trees. Auieric-an Harden. An incident which occurred some years ago in my garden taught me an easy way to infuse new life and vigor into j'ouug trees of sluggish growth. A cat was accustomed to scratch on the body of a small pear tree, and before I was aware of it the entire bark around the tree for about a foot up was dry and dead. Considering the chances for the tree's survival very small at best, 1 sawed off the stem just below the lacerated bark. This was done about the middle of May, and the ground was thickly covered with "grafting wax. The first season a new stem of over live feet grew from the stump, and four years afterward the tree had reached double the size and bore twice the amount of fruit of any of the other trees planted at the same time in the same field. I'rotiting by the experience, I have since that time never hesitated to saw off every limb from bark-bouud and crooked-branched, unsatisfactorv and slow-growing trees. New sprouts will start at once, the trees will r era in new life, grow luxuriantly, and eventually form large. symmetrical tops. Of course where there is a deficiency in the soil, or where standing water settles around the roots, neither re planting nor pruning can do any good before tne iundamentai causes are removed. Snmmer Work In Old Orchards. American Rural Home. June and July is a good time to remove su perHuous shoots. Old trees have no sap and vitality to waste on surpurduous branches. Bearing trees want their vigor encorouraged and directed. They must not be heavily pruned in summer simply rub off th water sprouts and shoots in excess, before they at tain much size; but when the tree lacks vig or and has considerable top, reduce it in October or March; that will infuse life into Waring branches, especially if supernumaries are supplied as above suggested. Don't be greedy; be content with a. good yield.' Don't allow generons trees to cripple themselves in your service by overbearing. This will not often occur if the top is kept within proper limits by fall and late winter pruniag, aud the ground is well fertilized and mulched or well cultivated. But it very often occurs that trees checked in their growth by want of cultivation or sustenance, turn most of their buds into fruit buds, id cripple themselves for life. This should be looked to, though, unfortunately, it seldom is, KITeet of Thunder i Milk.. The claim has long been made that thunder sours milk. It is doubted if milk has such sensitive ears that thunder can exert such an influence. At the same time the action of lightning upon the gases of the atmosphere may have an effect upon milk that is ascribed to the thunder. In order to obviate this change in the milk, the suggestion has been made that simple covers be placed over the pans that will prevent the precipitation of any acids decomposed by the electric discharge. .Every care should be taken to secure in the milk-room the greatest possible degree of. purity in the air, for there are few products that will so readily take impurities. It may be that milk reduced to an even temperature with the air of the room in which it is kept and then covered would keep in better condition than when left under similar conditions. . Cat-Worms. The New England Farmer advocates plowing and working the soil intended for corn in the fall, as a preventative of the ravages of the cut-worm. It says a grass sod turned over in spring and planted to corn or other crops, will afford just the conditions to give the planter a greater amount of trouble with the cut-worm. The natural supply of food being cut off they are forced to attack the cultivated plant. Plowing In the fall disturbs the wyTms and exjoses them to the

frost, which kills many, while if the plowing be well done and the wheel-harrow be used a few times in fall and spring before the

crop is planted the vegetation will be so thoroughly Killed fhat the worms will be starved - t , i c i out or iorceu to leave ior greener lieius. v e bave rarely been annoyed by these pests where this course has been followed. If a few are found at the edge of the field they are hunted out and destroyed as soon as their presence is known. The Hay Field. The idea should never be given up that "hay covers" are one of the safest and most economical investments on the farm. The time is coming when no well regulated farm will do without them in a climate where rainfall in hay harvest is almost certain. Farmers must more fully appreciate the difference in the nutritive value of hay rightly cured and that poorly done. Hay can nearly always be perfectly cured, even in Iowa, with the aid of caps for it when cocked up. Cut hay (timothy) just before the seed is formed just when 'he blossoms are falling off. Cut the grass any time when the dew or rain are off, and always cock it up before rain or the dew falls on it, with at feast SOO weight in a bunch and cover with caps. In this condition it will cure the best, and if the weather be catchy, or it is not convenient to haul in, it will stand safely a week. "When ready to haul in on a fair day, recover the cocks, throw over and open to the sun and air. One person can be doing this while the others are drawing in. When the hay gets ripe and almost worthless, the patent stacker may be used, when hay can be cut and stacked the same day. Hut under no circumstances should hay be exposed over night spread out to the clew or exposed to rain. Nor should any sensible man listen to the new fangled theories that hay will keep and be sweet and nutritious which.is put into mow or stack half cured. The principles of chemistry are as unalterable, and can no more be violated with impunity than can the decalogue. llav caps are cheap, and if well taken care of will last a lifetime. When haying is over they should be carefully dried, laid evenly one upon another, rolled up tight and tied, and placed where neither dampness nor mice will disturb them. To make them imiervious to water, they can be steeped in a solution of alum and sugar of lead. Thev are then water proof. One ton of good hay saved from destruction by exposure to a storm will pay for several sueh caps. The Stables in Summer. With summer stables the great lack seems to le iu the matter of ventilation, and the close barn in the morning is often filled with the fumes of pungent ammonia and the odors of the floor. Horses and cattle are not near so liable to be frozen in the winter as they are of being stilled with foul air in the summer. There are many farmers who keep stables scrupulously clean at all seasons, and others make spasmodic efforts to do so by using great quantities of lime, plaster and like material, to absorb and 'kill" bad smells. Of all material, dry sand or dust is best, as the caustic proerties of lime are absent, and there can le no possible damage done to the rlesh of the animals. An uncleaned stable flr'or in summer soon becomes the breeding place of innumerable flies and a generating source of impurity. Keep the stable doors open, or build rack doors, and allow an abundance of free, pure air for the stock. The Evils of llorrowlng. One of the vices of farmers is chronic borrowing. In every neighborhood are those who dei tend on others for a large number of the tools and implements that they use, to say nothing of grain bags, seeds, etc., many times never returned. The good book says, "The borrower is servant to the lender,' but in thi case the lender, if he be of an accommodating spirit, is the servant. When tools are needed for use. he will find that another has them, and if returned, are broken and out of repair. In time they are worn out, and must be replaced at the expense of the owner. In general it would be a blessing to this class of borrowers if lending was refused them. As long as they can borrow they never buy or provide themselves with these necessary articles, and the habit induces a kind of shiftlessness which should not be encouraged. HOUSEHOLD HINTS. Commeal croquettes are nice for lunch or breakfast. Mix to ounces of cornmeal, two ounces of wheat flour, two ounces of butter, and four ounces of granulated sugar to a pate, adding a little grated lemon peel. Koll out thin, cut in forms and bake, fcierve with powdered sugar. I'atato Pancakes. These make an excellent supjer dish. Grate a dozen mediumsized peeled potatoes. Add the yelks of three eggs, a heaping tablespoonful of flour, with -a large teaspoonful of salt, and lastly the whites of three eggs, beaten stiff, and "thoroughly incorporated with the potatoes. Fry the caVes in butter and lard (equal parts) until they are brown. Orange Float. One quart water, the juice and pulp of. two lemons, one coffeecup of sugar. Vhen boiling hot add four tablespooufuls of cornstarch. Let boil fifteen minutes, stirring all the time. When cold pour it over four or five oranges that have been sliced into a glass dish, and over the top spread the beaten whites of three eggs, sweetened and flavored with vanilla. Wax Wans make a delicious salad. Choose young Wans, remove the strings, break in inch-long pieces and cook in salt and water. While still warm cover them with a dressing of oil, vinegar, salt and pepper. Be sure and rememWr in mixing salads the old saying, "A spendthrift for oil, a miser for vinegar, a wise man for salt and a madman for - m.xing." Use at least twice as much oil as vinegar. This marmalade is excellent: One pound of currants and one pound of ripe raspberries; press throueh a sieve so that tlie puId is free from the seed ; to this add two pounds of sweet cherries seeded. Clearify two pounds of sugar and add the fruit with a quarter of the cherry seeds from which the skin has been removed. Roil until the sirup becomes tinck, stirring constantly and removing any scum. A tablesuoonfal of powdered cinnamon may be added as soon as the sirup begins to boil. A refreshing dessert for warm weather is made by this recipe : One pint of currant or raspWrry juice, or half of each, one pint of water and sugar to taste, and six ounces of farina or rice flour. Let the juice, sugar and water boil, and then sift in the farina or rice flour, and cook until done: it must not be too stiff nor yet watery. Turn into a mould, set in the ice, and when perfectly firm and cold turn upon a dish and serve. This pudding may be eaten with whipied cream, flavored with vanilla sauce. It may be made with any fruit sirup. Dried Bananas. Dried bananas are among the latest novelties. Tkey are said to W an entirely new food product, and are certainly ueiicious. lhe nod of the ripe fruit is re mnved and if fa rlriul itVint tiiMv trm. ing dark-colored, firm preserve of slichtly softer consistency than citron, and having tnenavoroi a ripe banana. The fruit retains about one-third its original size, and may be either eaten from the hand, stewed or cooked in cake or iastry. Banana fritters from them are superior to the natural fruit, which comes to this market green and is ripened in not rooms. A correspondent gives this recipe for currant jelly, and recommends it highly: Fresh, ripe currants are stripped from the stalks and lightly pressel through a hair sieve. To each pint of this juice allow one pound of pow dered sugar. Put the kettle in a preserving kettle Uton a moderate fire, and stir with a wooden spoon until it looks like sago (it must remain perfectly white.) 1 hen add the currant juice, set the kettle on the fire until the moment it Wgins to boil, when it must be immediately removed from- the fire. lt it stand for half an hour,. when a light scum will have formed, which must W carefully removed. Four the still hot jelly into jelly

glares, let them remain open for ten days, and then cover and keep in a cool, dry place. Great care must W taken that the juice .does not boil up; it must be taken from the fire the instant it reaches boiling point. At this season prepare young carrots and peas in this way: Tender, small young carrots are washed clean in salt anil water, which removes the thin skin; the very young pca-jKtds are stripped of the blossoms and strings and washed. Take equal quantities of the vegetables, and stew them in a little water with some butter; then add a small quantity of finely-minced parsley, salt and i-epper to tas te or a little stock, or, failing that, some boiling water. A few moments before serving add a tablespoonfnl of flour, boil OHce or twice and serve. A little sugar is an improvement. If the carrots are not very small they may be cut in inch-long pieces. Pigeons or squabs with green peas are excellent. After cleaning and trussing six pipeons put them in a stewpan on the fire with two ounces of butter; stir them occasionally until they turn rather brown and take them off; then put two ounces of salt pork, cut in dice, in the saucepan, and when partly fried remove also. Keen the pan on the fire and ptit in it a large tablespoonful of flour; stir it .until it becomes brown and add a quart of broth, mixing well. Put in a bunch of seasoning composed of six stalks of parsley, one of thyme, one clove of garlic, one clove and two bay leaves. Boil gently until half done and add a quart of green peas, previously blanched (that is, boiled a lew moments, then plunged into cold water and drained), and simmer until done. Remove the settsoninp, dish the peas and arrange the pigeons around them. Strain the sauce over the whole and serve warm. The Omelet. In making an omelet care should be taken that the omelet pan is hot and dry. To insure this, put a small quantity of lard into the pan, let it simmer

a lew minutes and remove it, wipe the pan dry with a towel and pnt in a little fresh lard, in which the omelet may be fried. Care should be taken that the lard does not burn, which would spoil the color of the omelet. It is better to make two or three small omelets than one very large one, as the latter can not be well handled by a novice. The omelet made of three eggs is the one recommended for beginners. Break the eggs separate; put them into a bowl and whisk thoroughly with a fork. The longer they are beaten the lighter will the omelet W. Beat up a teasjtoonful of milk with the eggs, and continue to Wat until the last moment Wfore injuring it into the pan, which should be over a hot fire. As soon as the omelet sets, remove the pan from the hottest part of the fire. Slip a knife under it to prevent sticking to the pan. When the center is almost firm, slant the pan, work the omelet in shate to fold easily and neatly, and when slightly browned, hold a platter against the edge of the pan and deftly turn it out on the hot dish. Salt mixed with eggs prevents them from rising, and when it is. so used the omelet will look flabby, yet without sjilt it will taste insipid. Add a little salt to it just Wfore folding it and turning it out on the dish. FARM NOTES. The State of New Jersey gives $1 bounty on every ton of sugar cane grown in that State, and one cent per-jiouud for every lound of sugar made. A deciduous tree, if the buds have started, is always a risky thing to handle. With evergreens it is different; they transplant Wtter after vegetation has started. It is not generally known that the mountain ash is liable to attacks of the apple tree borer, thereby becoming a breeding pest for the insects that destroy the orchard. The largest apple tree in the United States is growing at Cheshire, Conn. It is sixty feet high, spreads 100 feet and yields from seventy-live to 100 bushels of apples per year on alternate sides of the tree. At the Iowa Agricultural College last year five Holstein-Fresian tows were used, and each gave over N,ooo tounds of milk, the difference between the highest and lowest being less than 100 pounds. Po not sell off the hens that Wgin to molt early, as thev will finish the shedding of the feathers and begin to lay before the winter sets in. The late molting hens, however, should always W sold. The plants known as weeds is the coating which nature has taken to cover up her waste places and neglected soil. Without such a covering the soil would become sterile unless cultivated by man. Turkeys are great foragers, and will gather their entire food from the fields during the summer, at the same time destroying myriads of grasshopiers, bugs and other insects that prey on vegetables and grain crops. Have measures and scales, and learn how much difference there is in the yield of your cows, and then figure out the loss in keeping a poor cow. Do net take some other man's word for it, but do it yourself, then you will remember it. Great care should be used to have the hay perfectly free from due or rain when put into the mow, says the New York Herald, as a single load of wet hay thrown in may cause great injury by heating several tons of that which is put in later. Great caution should W exercised in turn ing stoc k on a field of clover, especially if it is in bloom, as gorging themselves with green clover may. give rise to hoven, colic or other complications which would endanger the lives of the animals. Galvanized wire netting can now W ob tained for 1 cent per square foot, and as it is more easily converted into fence than is lumber, and is at the same time more durable, more of it is Wing used this year for jtoultryyards than ever before. Ducks can be easily raised without ponds, provided they have a trough of water for bathing purioses. They are, however, more expensive w hen kept in that manner as they procuie a large part-of their subsistence when running at large and having access to ponds. Celery plants may be nicely kept for use during winter, it is said, by standing them, after Wine cleaned, washed and the ends of roots trimmed, in a tub or barrel containing a few inches of water; or pack them in a box in wet moss and keep standing upright. Gardens and other pieces of ground which have Wen manured often with coarse barn yard manure will be greatly Wnefited by a dressing of potash and Phosphate, but per haps common caustic lime would W as good a fertilizer as can be applied to sucn ground. Although but a short time has elapsed since the present system of testing the milk and butter capacity of the Jersey cow was adopted, there are already 0U oi the breed that bave records of butter running from fourteen to forty-six pounds twelve ounces in seven days. Storing farm products for higher prices is not always the best method. A lot of 20O bales of hops of the year 1882 were lately sold at Sheriff's sale at Sxhenevus, N". Y., at from five to seven cents a pound. The year they were harvested they could have Wen sold for f l ier pound. . In cultivating the potatoes the last time if you hin them up at all mike the mils broad and flat, so that water will not run off, but soak iu and wet them through and through. Wheu the hills are made hizh and sharp. the water runs off and the potatoes are liable to suuer from drought. In all the tests of the new grapes it should be remembered that the test for mildew is not conclusive unless the vine has acquired age. Most very young vines are exempt It would seem that after a few years the annual pruninjr destro3-s the projer proportion be tween branches and roots. An Iowa farmer gives as his experience that an exclusive diet of corn is the cause of hog cholera. He claims that the hog should be treated to a variable diet like any other animn), and that "corn is not a complete article of food, the hog requiring nuitable

foot! for converting ink) bene and muscle as

well as fat. Long rye cr wheat straw is considered preferable to oats or barley straw for Wdding for animals for warmth, cleanliness and its durability or capability of Wing used a number ot times. Its length and crispness prevent it from matting or packing; consequently by laying loose, the absorbed mois ture is soon evaporated. It is cratifyine to know that in some places where the clover-worm has destroyed the clover that a disease has attacked the worm and destroyed it. The disease is a fungus, and it is suggested that diseased worms be transported to those localities where the worms have not been attacked in order to spread the epidemic. One of the most successful of Illinois dairymen keeps 100 cows, but never raises a ound of hay. He feeds his cattle on corn odder, cut when in blossom, bound and set up till cured, or till winter, when it is re moved to tlie barn. He gets seven tons of this dry fodder to the acre, and claims it is worth as much as the best of hay. Land that will grow seventy-five bushels of corn is estimated as capable of producing 400 bushels of potatoes. Ihe latter will remove from the soil 43 pounds phosphoric acid, 135 pounds potash and 104 pounds nitrogen, while the corn will remove 50 pounds phosphoric acid, 134 pounds iotash and ! pounds nitrogen. An experienced swine breeder states that he avoids hog cholera, even when it rages in his neighbor's herds, by feeding apples. He does not claim that apples alone are preven tive, iut they act in a dietary manner. He is of the opinion that when ho are fed on a variety of vegetables and waste fruit they will keep in a healthy condition. The ratio of seed to straw varies greatly. On rich land, manured with nitrogenous fertilizers, the growth of straw is great compared with the grain, and the same in wet seasons and the reverse when the season is verv dry. To prevent lodging it is recommended that an application of lime and salt be applied in the fall on the land intended for a grain crop. A member of the Warsaw, 111., Horticultural Society, Mr. Stewart, says he has had an annual crop Of apples for fifteen successive years, a pleasing fact due in some measure, he thinks, to his managemeut. He cultivates so as to make the trees grow rapidly as possible until of Waring age, after which he cultivates little, but keeps the sod down by mulching. One of the greatest nuisances in fanning is the way that weeds are encouraged and protected in the crooks and vicinity of fences, from which places their seed is scattered over the surrounding lands. The exteut to which seed is scattered by high winds proves that one negligent farmer may annoy hundreds of farmers by failing to exterminate the foul herbage. Kerosene oil is attracting much attention as an insecticide. It is a deadly poison to nearly all insects, while it is harmless to man. As it does not mix with water, an emulsion should W made with milk. An emulsion comitosed of one-third oil and twothirds milk, either sweet or sour, is found to be more serviceable. The emulsion may be applied in the same manner as Paris green. A peach tree at Shelby, N. C, continues to bloom for six successive weeks every season, and the fruit rijtens in the same way. A few days ago there were fresh blossoms on the tree and peaches as large as the end of a man's thumb. The fruit ltegins tf rijten about the middle of July, and while some peaches are ripe others are not half grown. The tree is nineteen years old. and has Wen following this course äll its life. A few miles from Macon, Ga., is the large willow farm of Mr. I. C. Plant. All the leaves and bark from the switches are dried and baled, and command a price of about twenty-three cents a pound, iteing used for some medical purjtose. Mr. riant has 400,000 willows growing. A ton to the acre is the average yield, which, when shipped dried, bring $2U0 per ton. The bark, leaves and switches only are sold, the trees remaining on the land. To kill lice on cattle, a mixture of one bushel of dry sand and five Knnds of sulfhur will clear fifty head. Get them into a luddle, if you have a large lot, then go to the windward side and throw it or sprinkle, as Wst you can to get it on. One good sprinkling will kill and clean out every one. Sulphur, coal oil and lard oil will clean fowls of lice and scaly legs. Rub it on the feet and legs, and run your greasy hands through the feathers. THE SOSSIDGE. Aa Ex-Wiener Wurst Artist Makes a Startling Statement. ist. Lonis Republican. "I see you folks up here are makin' a bean er fuss 'Wut meat inspection an' rotten meat an' one thing ernuther. The speaker was a tall, lank, hungry-look ing man, very shabbily dressed, and bearing with him a distinct and ahnest overpowering odor of five-cent whisky. As he accosted a Republican reporter, the latter involuntarily placed his hand in his pocket in search of a nickel, feeling it was the usual thing. But as the stranger proceeded the hand was withdrawn and a sensation of relief stole over the rejtortorial frame. 'Wat you say "Wut diseased meat is all right 'null but wy don't yer say suthin' 'bout sossidge?" "Is there anything to say aWut sausage that has not already l.een said?" asked the reporter, as visions of something startling in the wav of an item arose Wfore him. "Well 1 shed say thay was. Say, do you know wot sossidge is made uv?" The reporter blushed and acknowledged that he had never penetrated tne mystery. "Well, I've Wen en ther sossidge bizniss in Shercariro fer lemme see well, putty near six vears. an' I kin tell you that they's more kines er diseases in er sossidge than they is in all ther doctor books this side er Cairo. Wy, my friend, thav ain't no meat sold in er butcher shop kin ho' er candle to er sos sidge, when its feelm right well, ter Knock er man's stummick silly. Here you ere yeilin' an' howlin' fer meat insttectors, an' nothin's said 'bout insitectors for them air sossidge foundries, tes; 1 11 admit ersossidire looks all rieht hanmn' up in er butch er's windv. or renosin' ieacefullv 'tween two alicer er Dutch bread, but you orter see it before it gits ter W er sossidge. No; I ain't prediudiced: I'm tellin' you gospil. Now, thar's where you're mistaken. They ain't made outer dogs an' cats; that is, they's other thinsrs besides docs an' cats in 'em. Of course I mean by that, that most all the sossidge foundries use beef an' pork an' mutton with their dog an' cat meat; no honest sossidge-builder would use all dog an' cat meat, coz it un give people. hyderfoby. You needn't laugh; moren half the cases of hyderfoby comes f urn sossidges ; but if yer mixes beef and one thing ernother with the dog-mcat, it wont do that away. I seen sossidgc-makers at all. They might run in cats an' sometimes rats, but ther wont use no dogs on account they're 'fraid her hyderfoby, an thatud hurt ther bizniss. How do they make sossidge? Well, t'11 tell yer. Of course, yoa mean ther good sossidge, them sossidge was they don't hev ter chain up in the shop ter keem 'em fum bittin' ter customers. Well, you go out ter ther stock yards an' ask anyone thar where they keep ter sossidge cattle. They'll siiow you a pen with some ol' bulls in it wat looks af ef they'd seen all they was ter W seen in this worl an' was ready ter die. I seed er ox up ter ther stock yards yesterday vMt was workin in a plough about the time Jackson was 'lected President; its er fact. They'll git him inter sossidge foundry some day an' he'll make morc'n er million pounds er the slickest stummy cakes yer ever seed. Well, they take one er them ol bulls or oxen, cut it up an' mix it with anything that comes haudv, put plenty garlic an' peperin, cut it all up fine, stuff it inter the casings, grease the outsides an' hang it up ter swet. 1 hey does pul ' ol' sponges an' worncut bruEscls carpets in weenejs sometimes,

but 41ey don't put 'cm in the reg'Iar sossidge. I had a frier.d once wot struck er gallus buckle in cr weeney. Weeneys is dandies. Say, ef you'll set 'em up I'll tell yer nuff 'Wut weeneys'ter make your paper howl fer sossidge inspectors till yer git um." Stuart Itobson's Mistake. Philadelphia Times. While Kobson and Crane, the comedians, were playing an engagement in this city recently they made up a party of a dozen actors, among whom were several stars Wsides themselves, who were playing at other theaters, to visit the Forrest Home for Aged Actors, at Holmesburg. Stuart Robson originated the scheme, and acted as pilot to the party. After be had made some inquiries as to the location of the home, the arty went to the Broad street station and oarded a train for Holmesburg Junction. On alighting Robson led the way up the maple grove lane that leads to the home, but instead of turning to the left he kept straight abad. After the party had walked about three-quarters of a mile, Robson stoped in front of a handsome brown-stone mansion, with beautifully-appointed grounds, supjosing it to be the r orrest Home. "Are you sure this is the place, Rob?" asked Crane. "Sure," was the sangnine answer of Robson, as he pulled the door-Wll. A colored manservant came to the door, and llobson asked him: "Is the Superintendent in?" "The s;ujerintendent! Do you mean the gentleman of the house? The proprietor?" "Yes, yes," said llobson. "The gentleman of the ho vise or the proprietor, or whatever you call him." The colored man looked at the dusty actors suspiciously, and said : "I'll po call him. He's in the field looking at the gardeners." The band of actors were left standing in the hall, and they remarked to one another that the hospitality of the home was rather freezing. The colored man bad been absent about fifteen minutes, when Kobson said: ' This is damned awkward, ltoys; let's stroll through the home ourselves." So the party walked about the elegantly furnished parlors and reception-rooms and then Robson led the way up-stairs. The first room they came to was magnificent ly atpointed. "I suppose this U the Superintendent's room, boys," said Robson. lie takes good care of himself, don't he?" Just then Robson turned around and saw a handsome, elderly gentleman standing with white face and clenched fists at the head of the stairway, trembling with rage. "How dare you sirs," W'gan the old gentleman. "Ah! here's the Superintendent, boys," said Robson. Then, addressing the old gentleman, he said : "We're making a tour of instiection. You've a beautiful room for yourself." "Inspection, sir? This house is not open to inspect ion,"' gasjed the proprietor of the pahilial mansion. "Now, look here," said Robson "we're the heirs of the dead man. We we actors were his fellow-laWrers and asstviates." The elderly pentU man, almost Wside himself with anger, cried out: "This is not the Forrest Home. This is But Wfore he could finish what ha was going to say Robsii plunged down-stairs, followed by his actor friends, who ran tiellmell out of the house into the road. They did not go to the Forrest Home, and Robson never spoke a word until he got back in his room in the Continental Hotel.

How Oniee-Seekers Live. Washington Special.J "Hello!" a venerable old Democrat said to a younger in the lobby of the F.bbitt to day, "you here yet? Thought you'd gone West"." "No," said the younger, with a manifest effort to brace up; "1 haven't got what I want yet. I'm si ill hanging on." Each of these two had a toothpick in his mouth, and, from all appearances, might have just come from the dining-room of the $4-a-day hotel. The old man laughed in a sei f-cons iou. apologetic sort of way as he said: "Well, I caught on and have Wen promoted. They put me on the rolls as a lahorer. That was i-jJj a month. Now they've promoted me to a messenger. That't $720 a year. I'm eating three square meals a day. Before the promotion I got along with two." The old man glanced down the front line of his linen vest with a look of modest satisfaction. Then they fell to talking aWut eating. "Washington living isn't so expensive if you know how to do," said the younger man in a philosophic mood. There was still visible all the smartness whn -JiSam Lung could bestow on a shirt-front, and the silk hat which looked s glossy just after the inauguration had considerable shine left. "I had a doggone rattling breakfast this tuoruing, and it only me fifteen cents." "I know the place." put in the old gentleman, "you're right, they give a man as much as he wants to eat for fifteen cents up here on Tenth street." Right here a third party, who had tteen listening with increasing "interest, put in a question calculated to bring out more definite information. Evidently he was a newcomer, for he said: "1 went over to this restaurant just across the street and ordered a little breakfast, and I'll W darned if they didn't charge me $1.25." "Of course," said the young man. ''They'll rob you if they can. You go in to order and 'they'll run it up to $5 Wfore you know it. I'll take you to the cafe on Ninth street this afternoon and you'll get a whizzing dinner with ice cream, pudding and pie, and they'll onlv charge you twenty-live cents. There ain't no use throwing away money, for you don't know how long you'll have to wait here. I'm told they ain't going to disturb any of these clerks before the 1st of January. That's official." 'Yes, and when the 1st of January comes then it'll W the 1st of July they're going to make changes." This from the old man with the wrinkled linen vest, who had 'caught on." It was evident from his dissatisfied tone that he had come her with hopes which hadn't anned out. He turned the conversation from politics to reminiscences, and went on to tell how he had lived for months in Mexico on twenty-five cents a day. It was when he was bossing a carpenter job for th Mexican I'entral and bought his victuals at a market and cooked them himself Itecause he couldn't accommodate his stomach to chili con carne and tomales. Apparently the veteran found more satisfaction m drawing the comparison Wtween his roughing experiences on" the frontier and his messenger service in the Iepartment than he did in recalling the aspirations with which he had come to Washington to tender his valuable scrvisos to the new Administration in Washington. A single page on the hotel registers records th6 daily arrivals, and the reports go forth that there are but few office-seekers in Washington. But the fifteen-cent restaurant and the landlady with hall Wd-rooms knows Wtter. Rather Ambig-uous. New York Sun. Allen G. Thurman is a good enough man for Governor of Ohio. Every Meal a Trial To the dyspeptic. Flatulence, heartburn, oppressive fuUness of the stomach, are the inevitable sequences of bis use of the kuife and fork. To my of him that he gratifies the cravings of appetite would be genuine satire. Tie only appeases them. Is relief attainable? Certainly, and by the use of a pleasant as well as thorough remedy, Hostetter's Stomach Bitters. WiU it cure immediately? Certainly not it does not effect miracles. But it does give prompt and unspeakable relief, and will, if persisted in, produce u ultimate cure. Not only does it impart relish to the food, hut promote Us conversion by the stomach into rich, health aud strength-sustaining blood, super-seusitivene of the nerves, mental depression, and unquiet slumber, produced by interruption of the digestive functions are tlso remedied by iL It is the finest preventive and curative of malarial disorders, and relieves constipation, rheumatism, kidney and biaCder ailmttttfi and liver complaint.

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in li SARSAPARILLAN RESOLVENT THE Great Blood Purifier, FOR THE ORE OF CBROSIC BISEASESL Scrofulous or Constitutional, Hereditary or Contagious, be it seated in the Lungs or Stomach, Skin or Bones, Flesh or Nerves, Corrupting the Solids and Vitiating the Fluids, Chronic Rbumatism, Scrofula, Glandular SwellIr.g, Headache, Dry Conga, Cancerous ACections, Syphilitic Complaints, Venereal Troubles, (see our Treatise on Veucrcal aud its cure," price ii cenw by mail,) Kleeding ot the Lungs, ly?pepsia. Water Erasn, Wbite Swelling, Tumors, bkin Diseases, Kmptious on the Hody nil Fre, Pimplc-s. Boils, li'.oiches, Pores, Ulcer. Hip lieases. Mercurial Diseases. Female Complaints. Gout, Dropsy, tSalt Eheuin, hrouchitis, Consumption, LIVER COMPLAINT, ETC. Kot only does the .carMtpari?!Ian Resolvent excel all remedial apente in the eure ol C"hroni Krrofulous. Constitutional aud tkiu Ulseanes, but it is oaly positive cure for Kidney and Eladder Complaint, Urinary and Womb Diseases, Gravel, Diabctc, I)rory, Ptoppape of Water, Incontinence of Urine, Bright' Disease, Albuminuria, aud in all case where there are brick-dtt deposits, or the water i thick, cloudy, mixed with Fubstanee like the white of an etrg. or threads like white silk, or there is a morbid, dark, bilious appearance and white bonedust deposits, and wheu there is a prickinfr, burnin)!: sensation when passing water, and pain in the email of the back aloug the loins. One bottle contains more of the active principles of medicines than an- other preparation. Taken in teaspoonful doses, while others require five or six times as much. bold lij UruggUts. One Dollar Per Bottie RTv IV. XVRADWAY'S READY RELIEF. It was the first and is the only PAIN REMEDY that instantly stops the most excruciating pains, allays iuflammation, and cures Congestions, whether of the I.uurs, Stomach, Bowels, or other glands or organs, by one application. In From One to Twenty Minutes. No matter how'violent or excruciating the pain, the Rheumatic. Bed-ridden. Infirm. C'rii'Plcd, Kervous. Neuralgic, or prostrated with ciscaa may Eufitr, RADWAY'S READY RELIEF Will AJTord Instant Eas. Inflammation of the Kidnevs. Inflammation ot the bladder. Iaflammation of the Howels, Con pestion of the Lüne. Palpitation Of the Heart, Hysterics, Croup, Catarrh. J"crvounefs, Sleeplessness. Sciatica, Pain in the Chest, Back, or Limbs, Bruits, Uites of Insects, Cold Chilli and Ague Chills. Tfce application of the READY RELIEF to tno part cr parts tshere the difheuity or pain exiaU will afford ease and comfort. BOWEL COMPLAINTS. Looseness, Diarrhoea. Cholera Morbus, or Painful PiKharges from the Bowels are stoppe! in f.fteeu or twenty miuutes y tskiar Radway's Ready Relief. No"confrest;n or inflammation, no weakne or lassitude will follow the use of the K. K. Kelicf. Thirty to wxty drops in a half tumbler of water will iu a few fuinute cure Cramps, bpasm. isour Stomach, Heartburn. Sick Headache, Diarrhoea. Iysentery, Colic, ind in the Bowels, and all Internal pains. Travelers tbould always carry a bottle of RADWAY'S READY RELIEF with them. A few drops tn water will prevent sickness or pains from change of water. It is bev ter than Fauch brandy or bitters a a stimulant. MALARIA In Its Various Forms, FEVER AND AGUE. FEVER AND AGUE cured for fifty eent. There is not a Remedial agent in this world that will cure Fever and Ague aud all other Malarial, Bilious, Scarlet and other Fevers (aided by RAIW AY'S PILLfc) so quickly as. KAU WAY'S READY HMILf. Fifty Cents Per Bottle. Sold by Druggifcta. DR. RADWAY'S Regulating Pills, The Grcst Liver and Stomach Remedy. rerfectly tasteless, elegantly coated with rwect gum. purge, regulate, purify, cleanse and btrergtnen. . .... DR. RADWAY'S PILLS, for the cure of all disorders of the Stomach, Liver, Bowels, Kidneys Bladder, Nervous Diseases. Loss of Appetite. Headache, Costivene, Indigestion. Dyspepsia, Biliousness. Fever, Inflammation ot the Bowels, Piles and all derangements of the Internal Viscera. Purely vegetable, containing bo mercury, minerals, or deleterious drugs. .Observe the following rmptoms resulting from diseases of the dietive organs: Constipation, Inward Piles. Fullness of Blood fa the Head, Aciditv of the ftomach, Nauea, Heartburn, Disgust ot Food, Fullness of eirhd;.B the Btamacb. fcour Eructations, linking or Hutiertnie at the Heart, Chocking or Suflocatin? Sensations when In a lying pneture. Dimness of ision. Dot or Webs telore the Sight. 1 ever aud Dull Pain ia the Head. Deficiency of Perspiration, Yellowness of the kin aud Eves, Pain in the ide, Chest. Limb, and sudden Flushes at Heat, Burning la the Flesh. A few dosei of DR. RADWAY8 TILIS will fre the system from all the above named disorders. Sold by Druggist. Price, 35 Cents Per Box. Read "FALSE AND TRUE." - end a letter stamp to DR. RADWAY A Co., No. 82 Warren, corner Church a treet, New York. 'Information worth thousands will be sent to you. TO THlTPUBLIC: Be fc re and as for RADWAY?, and see that ttfr cajnei-BÄU YYA Y" is on what you tuj.