Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 13, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 April 1885 — Page 6

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THE INDIANA 8TATE 8ÜNT1NEL WEDNEbDAX APRiL 16EL.

OFR FARM BUDGET.

The Farm as a Factory (iermlnttioa f Seeds. Hollow-Horn in Cattle Farmers' CmlB-Hiving the Bees. At Tn Beady far Cholera? How to Get Kittlf Garden Crop The Jersey Cttl Boom Household Hints. The Farm aa a Factory, I Philadelphia Record. It should be considered by farmers that tie farm is a factory, bot the rnajirityo J farmers do not avail themselves of Us advaateges in that respect. The farm also produces its own raw material from, which t3 a ancfacture articles of sale. Instead of the farm being adapted to a single occupation only, it is really a combination of a great many pursuits. The implements and machinery are varied, and the products are not limited to any particular article. It is becaste all the advantages of farming are not utilized that so many failures occur, lor with prefer management and judicious system no pnreuit is surer, owing to the many available forms in which the farm product may be marketed. There is no advantage in selling the raw material of the farm, and by the term raw material is included all the vegetation pro duced. The farmer usually sells the product (which brings the lowest price always), and its conversion Into more salable matter is done through the agency of others. Ha can partially regulate the prices obtained by tetditg his produce to market only in sich forma as will bring a profit, and his advantagelies in the unlimited time for doing this Tte machinery for producing the raw materai is constantly getting out of repair, nut the machinery used for converting the pr duct into different material is self-sustaining and self-repairing. To make it plainer, the row is the machine for converting hay and fciain into railk, butter, cheese and beef. As Büt- radaally rears oat she supplies her placs with a reiver machine. She is capable of appropriating and miiizinz a vast amaantof rx alter which could Dot lind a market bat for her assistance, wntle at the same time the returts a portion of the original cost ia the shape of manure for the purveys ct assisting to farther increase the amount of raw material. The ewe fur labe? wocl, mutton and lambs, and, anlise tte cow, forages upon the barren wane place, gathering the scanty herbage, aa 1 compellirg even the weeds ta furnish tueir quota. Tne bow, the most prolific of our animals, fills the family pork-barrel and furnishes progeny thp.t mature quickly and reach the market in a short time, and on a variety .of food which permits of the cultivation and utilization of many crops that are rarely talable, except at a low price. The mire gives us the power with which to perform the work required and adds her offspring to the revenue, and even the poultry, thoah but a email part of the whole, are effective and capable machines for the conversioa of much waste material into ready celling ctrcasse and eggs. Thus it is aesn that animals and birds are machines, performing their work by different methods and giving a variety of manufactured products which are salable at ail seasons of the year. If the farm is a factory it must be, to yield a profit, a fret-class one. A, poor machine will do inferior work only, and to get the best results the most perfect and labor saving machinery alone should be einobyeJ. It is not good judgment in the farmer mnJacturer to use a machine that makes only ten quarts ef milk from the milk from the material used when be can as readily usa one that manufactures double that quantity, and even more. As factories are provided with the latest inventions in order to compete with rivals, so must the farmer begin to realize that he, too, is in competition with hia fellow-farmers, and endeavor to secure the greatest profits by the efficiency of his machinery and the quality of his products. "o business man is satisfied with the ma chinery of twenty years ago, and why should the farmer be less energetic? The old-fash ioned milk machine should give way to the Holstein, Ayrshire and Jersey. Tne pork barrel must be filled quicklv and cheaply by the Berkshire, Chester, Yorkshire and I 'ol and China. The wool and mutton must come from the Merino, the Cotswoli and the rDowns: and the "old blue hen" must make rcom for the Brahma, the Leghorn and the Plymouth Hock. The factory must be worked to its ful'eet capacity, and noth itgfhouid be sold off the farm until it has ttn utilized by the machines. Germination of Seed. Farmer Eeview.l Heat, darkness, moisture and air are necessary for germination ef seed, thoaa tbty will freely sprout 11 exposed to light. These necessities are good subjects for consideration in preparing a seed-bed for grain sown in spring, as upon tnem depends materially the successful prodaciion of a crop. Take first the fact that heat ia required for the proper sprouting of a seed in the ground. At a rule soils are cold in the tDring, seeing that there is a great amount of evaporation taking place from the surface, and if the soil be he drained it is all the colder, as it is more cr less waterlogged. Into a soil of this de tcriptlon the atmosphere can not well pen träte, but when drained the pores ef the soil are free from water, and air naturally foil ows cn the principle that naaare abhors a vacuum thus air takes tbe placs of water, and consequently tbe land becomes warmer, nd the points necessary for germination ara pained. The chemical changes which taks pisce in the seed while sprouting are of much interest; we shall, therefore, devote a little space to their consideration. When placed in the soil the seed hist absorbs moisture, then swells and softens; a small quantity of white albuminous sab etsEce 1 next formed at the bae of the geroa railed d'astase, which converts the starch of the seed into sugar, the albuminoids b9com soluble, oxygen is absorbed, carbolic ao'.d is g'.yeu off and beat developed. The rootIts then descend through thsir sheaths (In wbeat)and tbe plumule or sprout asceudi. If the time required for a plant ta c ojne to he surface in germination from one inch deep is taken a 3. then as 2, 3 4. 5 and 6 rnc-bf s. tbe times will be as 1 5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8 and 1 y and the percentage of seeds soroating es yO. 0. frO, 40 and 15. They will not germinate at a depth of sevsn inches, bat may retain tbelr vitality for a Ion? tlm. The best depth for wheat Is from one to two triebe, the lareest percentage sprouting at that depth in from twelve to eighteen day). Much of the failure in seel corn is dne not to the non-vitality of the seed, but to toe rendition under which it is planted. If farmers would see that a seed bed is prepared in accordance with the laws necessary to germination as siren above, they would ive themselves much expecse and vexation. . " Farmers Club. Farmers' clubs are a great want. We have Ptste and County Agricultural Societies, with annual fair, which are good so far as ibey go, bnt tbeir meetings for discus i iu are generally bnt once a year, sod thesn daring fair week, when the attention ij vry rnneh absorbed with fair matters. We hv agricultural papers enough, bnt tbeir circilation in many of the farming towns i vrv limited. What is wanted is a farmers' cla'o, in every town or b siness center, where fr rrers corn to market, or to get tbMr sip plies, that they may have opportun! y for a conference, for an bou or two. on some tobic rreviocM? arjnouocd, and occasional eihlfcitiens of fruits and vegetables, darn the

summer asd fall. In thie way, the best fariLtra, with their reading, experiments aid methods, would be brought in close contact with those who are in tbe back ground, and the bnsineis of farming be made far mare attractive and profitable. Oar census statisticta for the last thirty y eats show a steady drift cf our population toward the cities acd villages. These gain at the expense of the agricultural towns. The echo 1 house and church in many of them are half emp tied. There is no remedy for this decadence but in the gospel of husbandry, taught nd illustrated by tbe farmers themselves, wbd should exalt their own calling. Hollow Horn to Cattle. The urease commonly known as "hoi oi horn," t::s no immediate connection with the horts, as animals without horns manifest tbe same symptoms. The disease in question is the result of infiimmatun ex

tending from the musous membrane lining :de nostrils, into the sinuBesof the skull and herns, there being a direct communication between these parts. Debility, improper and insucicient food, exposure, and all other causes that tend to weaken the system, may cive rise to thia condition. The treatment mnt then be such a to counteract this de ficiency, and ihould consist mainly of gaad nuis:cg. Keep the animal un dry, warm. well-ventilated quarters, paying particular attention to carding and brushing, give nourishixe food, and a little physic, if ne cessary. J;ub tne spine rreqaentiy. coxing the bcrts is useless and barbarous, ana is to te placed in the same category with catting off the tall as a leiiedy for the "wolf," aa still practiced oy the igtoraat. Ar You Head) for Cholera? The family wastes are of three sorts. 1. Garbage the kitchen solid refuse, including ashes 2. L:qmd waste kitchen slops, washing water, etc. The wastes cf uia human body. Leaving the ether waitei to ar. other time, we rail auentioi to the wa3?3 of our bodies as the most dangerous ol a 1, and at the came time the most readily dis posed of. Nothing can be more inadequa'e for tbe purpose than the ordinary privy vault. It is not only a constant oSence, bit a con tinuous source of danger, its contents often contaminating wells at a d.s'aace ot a hun dred feet cr more, and bringing disease and death lLto the family. Dangerous at au times, the privy vault is especially to be dreaded in time ot cholera. There is but one thing to be done with a privy vaultabolish it ! Do this at once, before hot weataer. It is impossible to mend, improve, or make it tolerable. Fill it up and be done with if. The snbstitute for the vault is tbe earth ctoaes. If the bit all house that has stood oyer the vault is more convenient thin say other place tor the earth closet, cb ii. bacn bund iE es :;re usually eve sores, and tne till ing up of the vault remove all eicu? ior the u&stgntly presence. An earth closet may be placed in any convenient room; one may be partitioned erf in a shed, ia a b-n, or oilier out buildiDg, or the closet may uo cupy a small room u the houe withjui un pleasant results. TLs materia! ieuiired i? dry lcam, not sasd, but good sail, tue t!if-r the better. Dry this earth thorongfcly. bi spreading it on a platforca of boards in the run. Wtea dust dry, pas it toro'ih a sieve to remove lumps! fU i es, etc., and itoe in barrels or boxes in n ury place Where coal in buried, sifted ashes wi'l ans verm place cf dry earth, bat wood ashes must not be ced. tor the closet, self-actitjg oaes, m which the weight cf the person liberates th dry earth from a hopper, may be puren- i if preferred, but a eimpla and inexp-usiv? closet may be made at small cost, that w.il asswer as well as the mcst cosily afu:r. Hltlcg Her. American Agriculturist. Some apiarists practice clipping one wing of each queen. Then. when a swarm m ;m from the hive the can not folio, bat era vis about upon tee ground in front of the hive. The bee-keeper catches, cages ani ljys her ande in the thade, moves the old hive to a new location, and by tbe time the swarm has decided to return, because it has no queen, he has a new hive similar in appearance to the old one upon the old stand and the bees taking it for their oiu home enter it, ana while they are going in the queen is allowed to run in with th em. Thus the bees hive themselves with out beintr allowed to even cluster. An ob jecticn to this method la that queens are sometimes lost in the grass. When a swarm of bees returns it may enter the wrong hive, and if it makes no mistake in this direction it occasionally clusters all over the outside of the hive and remains there a long time before entering. If the queen is allowed to eater tbe hive too eocn sue mar come out a;ain, thin leg, perhaps, that she has not "swarmed," and the bees follow her. There are some in dications that clipped queens are regarded by tbe bees with dissatisfaction, and are thus more liaole to be superseded. A q teen that is lost can often be found by looking for the little knot of bees that usually ac companies her. If a swarm attempts to en ter the wrong hive a sheet can be thrown over the hive. It a queen is not siren to a awarm until the bees begin to show signs of uneasiness, she is not apt to leave the hive. When the queen is undipped a swarm will usually soon clnsUr upon the branch of borne tree. As the cluster begins to form it should be noticed whether it 13 In a lavora ble location for removal. If it is where sev eral branches cross, some of them should be cut away with the knife or pruning shears, Jecv.rjg hut one branch for the beei to cms ter upon. If the bees are slow in clustering and more swarms are momentarily expected, their movements cn be hastened by enna kling them with water, using a fountain pump. How to Get Early Garden Cr jp. There are many ways of getting early crops, or of trying to get them, such as sure log tbe plants in the house or hot-bed and covering them with class, etc.. after they ar set out But when these methods are nt adopted there is s ill a chance to havd earlp vegetables and a good garden. It is simp'.? toeelect the warmest and driest soil, aod eow or plant early. It is not desirable or ist to sow or plant the main crops before th -oti is in gcod working condition. Cat f jr a f e t? early crops on a small scale, we cm wall si iora to run a mtie iue 01 losmz our $?e 1 ot too early sowing. Oae thing, however, Bhea'd not be overlooked. Dj cc. deoaud ou this early sowing, tut eow or p'ant asjaia a little later, when the soil and weather ar more favorable. If the rt so wine succeeds - . l 1 . 1 II K M you are to muco aneao; 11 11 raus. nav loht only the teed and your labor. You co well arJord to run this risk. There are somcrops which can be sown the moment th frost is out of the sc'l. with lirt'e or no risk. Arxone these we mav meutiftn peas, cab bage, cauliflower, tiscu, ctiion, Ipttir, celery, oeet. carrot, pa'suip, e'c. it n ei dorn that these crops are hurc by early frost. Last year a fro&t ia ila destroyed mcy cabbate plants, but that is a very uuasail occurrence. Among the crop3 whish we should re-sow ithont waiun? to sse if tbe flret sowing will escape, are beets, rai'.-'h?, cabbage, canlinower, beans and sweet corn. The Jersey Cattle Boom. The leading aim of the best breeders now rrems to be to breed for the butler record. Tins is eo much the case, that the great ma jority cf Jersey cows that have a record be low fourteen pounds of butter a week, are comparatively cneap, while those witl a record cf fourteen pounds a week, upward to twenty tye aDd thirty pound a week. are comparatively huh. Those at the too of the scale are (ought for and bring fabulous prices, or what would be called such a fsw years ago. Grat emphasis is put upon their butter record, and the condition of the tests. as to rations and previous feed of cow, con tinually grow more precise and satisfactory. lhe aim is, to show the value of a given animal on a specified value of rations, as a machine for making butter, or what the cow will do on grass alone, in flash feed. These tests ere made under the supervision of the American Jersey Cattle Ciub. or under tho direction rf seen witnesses a secure impar tiality and giye entire confidence in their

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comctrets. These hotter records o! the Jene 8 are quite remarkable, compared with the aversf e jield of common cows They ate rerxaikat) especially, aa showing the prepotency of bulla. BOl'SEHOLU HINTS. Pressed Chicken. Cut np the chicken utI boil until very tender in a little water, with t alt and pepper to taste and a pieo cf batter. While still warm take out all the bones td chop ibe meat rather fine. Thicken the fravy with a little flour and mix well with tbe chopped chicken. I'nt all in a deep dish, prees down hrraly ana set away until perfectly cold. Turn from the dish and cut in slices. Wcrifi Knowing. If you have cold roan b ef, chop it fine, season with pepoer and salt, add cne-third tbe quantity of bread rrumbe, aDd moisten with a little milk; with flouted bancs mould the meat into balls, dip tbem in beaten ecz. and tben in cracker powder and fry in butler, garnish wltn parsley and serve. t Sacques for tbe Baby. Useful eacques for the bnhy that may be washed aod s til. look well are made of Bo!t flannel and are edgd with pretty chrocheted woolen lace or with yak lace. AU the seams are feather stitched with euk. they area great lmproveoieat upon the crocheted or knitted sacques that are eo pretty when new, but which lo.-e their nice looks after they are washed. A Nice Dumplipg. L?cht and delicate dumplirjgi aie made by this receipt: ILvf a puuhd of tief tuft, chopped extremely hae, ten ounc-s line -bread crumbs, one large t.io'i spconful of four, the grated rinds cf to Bin a 11 lemons," four ouDcej of s.iaraud four eggs bea'en very light. Mix thoroughly aid add the juice to two lemons. Divide th s mixture into four parts, tie in wellflcured cloths and boil one hour ia 6li?ht'y salted water. r.GkMiDg IJfef Make it Tender. If your t bttf fir roasting does not seem as tenoer ai it cugbt to be, it may be improved in ihig way: i i.t the meat in a tureen, niix salt. Ppcer. two tablespooostui ot chopoed parsley, four sliced onions, the juice of hsif a lemon, two bav leaves and four tablepoonsfnl cf sweet oil; put half of tbe mix ture under tbe meataud half over it. Cover the tuieen and let the meat remain in It for two days In winter and eighteen hours in Bummer. Delicious Dessert Try this dessert: Peel eight eranges, cut them in thin elicei, lay tlem in a baking dish and cover them with cre cup and a half of powdered sugar. i'Jace a plat 01 miik la a saocepan oa the stove, 8Ld, when hot, add a tablespoanfal cf corn etarch mixed smooth with a little old milk and the yolks of three eggs. Stir con stantly, and when thick, pour over the oi arges. Beat the whi tea of the three e-'3 to a btin froth, sweeten and pour oyer to custard. Brown in a quick oven, bdrvo COid. Rub Them With Flour. Slightly svlie i w hue wcolen articles, knitt-d or crocheteJ, nity be made to look as well as new if they arp carefully rubbed in flour. Cjver them w 'fi llourscd rub gently a? if washinc, m ! flour becomes dark. Shake oir tne ar. Ü- d rub in clean flour until all sjil is nibc - d. "Liake well and haog in the vind rntil j Mora ol flour remains in the wool. , OI course oriH ould not care to cleanse in this wny articles that are worn next t the body, bat for sbawli cP"s and head cover ings flour answers aiaili -.r!y. iOi8Ege Marmalade. Ainw one pound ol scar to one pound of fruit; pare half the cracpes, and after scraping o.T as much of the white inner rind as po8?ib;e, cut the yl low part in fine shreds with a pair of fr;jfs; boil this in three water until tender auo transparent, and set aside; erat the rind of the retraining oranges, take otf and throw away all the thick, white inner skin; quarter all tbe oranges, and take out the seed-; chop them very hce; drain all the juice that cto be extracted without pressing them over the su ;:r. and rxake the eyrup with this, aidiog very little water it the oranges are not very ju'cy; boil and ekiui the 6yrup five or ix minutes; put in the boiled shreds and cook for ten minutes, then tbe chopped fruit and stated peel, and boil twelve mioutes lsoerer; fiv dozen oranges tmaka about twelve PGM Ja of marma'.ada. Cure for Felons A correspondent aays: '1 have had a case ol felon in my family lately, and treated it successfully by steamins the whole hand with bitter herbs. It was allowed to progress, through ignorance, until badly swollen, exquisitely painful, and of a livid purple color. Delng in the ptlm of the hand, it involved the whole hand and wri&t iE the ewelling. A handful each of ttny, hops, catnip and wormwood was thrown in an old basin, a small quantity of tobacco au 0 hall a cupful of soap edced and surhcient water to cover. When boiling hot the hand was placed over the steam, and a small blanket was thrown over the basin to retain the steam which waa applied until the mix ture cooled. This was repeated day and night until the pain was entirely r moved. which was in lorty-eight hours. The reuet from the paroxysms of pain is almost magical as soon aa the steam ia applied. The mixture was only once renewed. Between the applications of steam, a poultice of soft soap, tbtckt Gf d with slippery elm flour was applied, but I think it was unnecessary. After using for a day the baud was submitted to a physician who thought it should be lanced, or no relief would be found In less than a week, but the next day the pain took its final leave. No anodyne was used to procure sleep, as tbe steamiDg instantly relieved tbe pain until the next attack." Saccegeful Treatment of I'ncnmonln. Eo;-'-eii Transcript. 1 N The following statement of a well-known resident of this city may have' value now. where such mortality is prevalent from pneumonia: "Nice 3 ears ago I ha J pneumonia. My pbya'cian coveied my lungs, front and bick, ith cotton-batting, spr r.kled with epiri's of tarcentine enough to irritate the surface wi'hout blistering This was kept iu place by a soft llannel ovir a!L I think I took no rred eme, but milk, chicken tea and b?ef lea were constantly bQpoiied. Still I grew weaker. Another pbys!c:ari was called for corenltstion, wfco was considered tbe mos? skilful in the treafm-rnt cf laig diseases - of any physician in tbe city where I then w. I wm told af'etwards that he said "It was besutifcl case, clear acute pneumonia" He oiilered two giaics of ct'.omeh If it did not operate in f ur honrn I was to take two more grtics. Bat it did operate as he detired and frnra that moment I begin to mend Later I asked him why he had given rue calomel when it was the lung that ailed Heai.i: "Tbe calomel attacked your liver acd that diverted the enetnieiat yonr long and rave it a cbsnce t beL In toat cass wa mth. an irrita'ed urface, abundant nourishment and two grains ef calomel were effective means fir a patient who, in three Gays, was reduced to utte bodiiy weakness, accompanied by mental ilightiness which so often accompanies this disease and ends ia inEarity." Row Lincoln Uerd "OUI" trhllsdelpnia Times.1 It is easy for me to recall an instance only a nicht or two before Mr. Lincoln was assassinated. Tbe President bad returned from Kicbmond, and a crowd called with a band to tender congratulations and a serenade. Tbe man ?ho was so soon to be ths victim ol tbe assassin's billet appeared ia response to calls, and thanked the audience for the compliment Several members of his Cabinet surrounded him, and it was a very Interesting and dramatic occasion. Jn'tashe was closing his brief reoiarks Mr. Lincoln saif1: "I see you have a bind with you. I should like to hear it plav Dixie.' I have consulted the Attorney General, who is here by my side, and h Is of the opinion that Dixie belengs to us. Now play it." The band struck up ths old tune, and played it as I hare never before or since heard it rendered. As the strains of ths music rang out upon the air cheer after cher went up from the throats of tba hunlreds of happy men who called to congratala e Mr. Lincoln upon the retar a of peace.

YOUNG FOLKS.

To Our Baby. April t rongot te us, dear, April, with its sun and showers, Aptil, wltn its dainty Rowers, April, wltn lu strong young breeze, MnitperlDir througtt tbe leatlees treen Now the dreary Winter's done. Now comes Spring with Cowers and tun." Bo upon an Apri' morn Our dear babj-g wo born. Qn?ckly few the oaj away, came the "merriss mouth oi Vy." . Cool lor roornlnc, rannv Boon. Welcomed in the month ol June, Poft we san tne lnllaty Through the long days ot July. Flowers öroopeJ and piced awty In the heated August day. Baindrops falling low and clear, treathed aloud, "September's here." Leaves gTew purple, red and gold, Aa October days were told. Ani each day much shorter grew As November fey us i!ow. Ixw aad sweet the anthem rings To the day Dtcember briugs. Wh!!e and coM the i-nowdrif is lay - January paised away. Colier still the sharp winds blew ' Ftbrnaxy dejs were lew. 1 Birds again bezsn to Eire: j ilarch had con.e nd with It Spring. Clcnds are bripht in April iiy; g-.n,nifcr i coming ty-and-by. a n 1 ti-t ? twelve months make the Tear That we've loved you, baby dear. Youth's Companion. The Oorilla, Fmiik Jlßjiiard, In Treasure-Trove. Tbe gorilla s home ia in the densest and loneliest parts cf western Africa, in the deep valley?, on the rugged heights or on plateaux covered with massive rocks. Although it is such a powerful animal and has larpe and strong teeth, it lives entirely on vegetables, fruit, seeds, nuts, and bananaleaves. It wanders about in search of these things, keeping always near a running stream. The gorilla does not spend all of its time in the trees, but rests andsleeoson the ground leaning againtt a log or tree. The jcuog ones sleep in tbe trees for safety, and 0 about in groups cf six or eight; their sense of bearing is bo acute that it ia very difficult for a kunur to get within gunshot. The sound of a gun initates a gorilla t9 such a degree that unless it is killed it attacks the hunter with euch violence that both himself and bis weapon are in the greatest danger. Toe goriila tes its arms, feet and teeth for pro ttctios. and a single blow from it? looz, hirh ia errxed with short, curved nails, is er crgh to fracture a man's Bkull. W hen a gorilla is attacked it utters a sbori. jerking, and sharp birt, lite an angry do,;; this is succeeded by a low growlirg, resembling distant tbucder. The echo of the rears is ro deep, and the growling so strange and threatening that the oraveet hunt-ri become awed. A well directed ball, however, will at 0c kill one of these animals, and it dira as easily as aman. 'Tbe fertale gorilla is veryfocdof itsyouoi:, and at tbe approach of daoger will no: stop to attack the hunter, but at once runs a y with the young gorillas clinging around her neck. Europeans have not the heart to kill so adectionate a mother, but the negroes do not bp.ve this ecruple. The appearance cf a gorilla is peculiar, lis ryes are deeply buried oeneath their arches; its 1718 are large, and its gieat cutting teeth are Always exposed to view. The neck is very short, the forehead flat, the ears small and on a line with the eyes; the nosa Is a mere protuberans. Tne chest andshouUim re extremely wide, and the immensely lung muscular arms give the creature such etiengtb that It can double up a gun-barrel like a piece of whalebone. The sLort Jes make one rf the character which mostly dis tiegcisbes this anhuil from man. The bao-ia sre etormous in y roportion. massive, ta ck and covered with ba!r; the foot ii like the band of a giant. Tbe,Afrcans have a superstitious fpar 0' the gorillas, believing them to be haunted with the spirit of their dead chiefs. Tom' Sophomore Tear. (Youth's Companion. 1 Tom stood in tbe middle of the room with his hands in his pockets, and, whistling tr ftly, looking about him. It was a plain little room just under the roof, but it had been Tom's room ever since he bad bad one of his own, and he wa3 attached to it. ' Bat in a day or two, so be was saying to binself, be was to leave it lor nearly a year. There, nesr the head of the bed, stood h s trunk a funny old trunk that had belonged to his grandfather, aod was covered with hairy hide fastened with brass nails. lie had just been packing it, and a gUnce at its contents told where he was going to spend the coming year. For besides bis clothinz might bs seen git en coveied Latin and Greek grammars, leathern-bound lexicons, an algebra, a geom etry, a copy of Livy, and several other bocks which spoke of a college course. b or three days later, at his college in a country town more than a hundred miles away. Tom Sargent intended to make his tint appearance as a learned Sophomore. "Jutt to think!" be sa'd to himself. '"It's only three days now, acd then I'll see all tha fellows. Won't we have some pow-wowj? And won't we dig into the old classics aod mathemat'C? ' and be gave a boyish shu:H on the floor to give vent to his delight. Just theo he heard a step below his win dow. and lookinz out. he saw h:s father en tering the yard on foot. Why, father!" cried Tom, suddenly, "Did you walk all the way home?" "Yes" "Why. where'a Topsy?" Topsy was Mr. Sargent's litt! black hor-e that be had had for years; and now that ha was getting old. and growing heavier and moTe bulky as age crept on, he had done bat little walkirg in hit business about town, bnt made Topsy his invariable companion ' Where's Iopsy, father?" asked Tom again. "Well Tom," said hi father, laying down hia knife and fork, "I suppose I'vj sold Topsy." "cold Topsy!" cried Tom. "Did you know it, mother: ' But his mother's face was answer enough "Wbv. what for, father?" Tom continued "told Tcpej" Ana the new bHy you bought last year, to make your driving easy; cave von sold that too.'" "Yes, I've practically sold them both. The bargain isn't really closed, bat Joe Watson has taken tbem to try, to-day, and it bis oil er's fair I ehall take it." "Why, father." said Tora, in a remonstrAtirg tone, as he brushed b.-vck his stiff hair. "Why, your business keeps yoa traveliiog between your shop and the folks that work for you. all the time, You can't walk all that much." "I must cut down expenses." siii Mr. '-Sargent. "I've run bebted, this last year. There's no other way." Nothing more was said. After dinner Tom went np to his roam again, and sat down on a corner of the trunk. Topsy sold! And the buggy sold! It did not Eeem possible. And to think of hia father, far from being vigorous now, yet forced to plod about continually over the rough roads. The backs of the grammars and lexicons, emlJing up at him from the trank, made hiui uncomfortable. He rose, and shut down the cover of the trurk, and stood for a Ions tims with his hands in his pocket, looking out of the window There was a very pretty landscape ot green pastures and woodlands outride, but Tom law nothing of It. His eyes ssomel to be fixed cn some far away place beyond the horizon. After a wh'le te turned and began to pace the room. Then he paused by bl trunk.aad cpened it again, and looked in. What pleas-

art rurg'sticss it offered, what premises it be Id out! ibe tcom was small and plain, aod Tons was-by no means a good-looking boy. Bat steh boys are eometimes the heroes, aid euch x res the battle grounds ot contests which R.ke no r.oite in tbe world, and which yet del; and as much pluck asd character in the y icier, rs bss many a famous contest for a kingdom and a crown. Tom continued his walking to and fro in the little room, whistling bow and tben, and fri-m time to time throwing himself into a cfcr reBtleiBiy. Tte afternoon wore away. Tbe sun dropped till it seemed to rest an inst.nt on a peak which Tom could see from his window, and then the room suddenly grew dark. The change teemed to rouse Tom to a decision. He put on his hat, and a moment later was walking toward the center cf the town. Tbe next morning, when breakfast was ready, Tom was not on hand. But just as his father and mother were beginning to wonder where he could be, what should they fee but Tom, drivirg Topsy up to the doar, and hitchirg her to the post. "Tom," taid bis father, as he came in, 'what does this mean ? ' "It means you're going to keep Topsy, e'r." answered Tom, going up to h;s father, aod putting a hand on each ehoulder. "Father, I've thought it all over, and I've decided not to go back to col!ee this year, bat to stay at heme and work. That will be enough min?, so that ycu can keep the horse and buggy,

and I'll Jay up what I earn, and pay my uwn way when I go back to college next year. I'm young enopgh to wait, bo yoa mnsn't tay a wcid. Id rather doit, audit won't hurt me a bit." And it didn't hurt Tom. When his SODhOmore year did begin, be was better able to appreciate the worth of the studies. Hs was happy too, in knowing that his pleasure and pre Dt wre gained wiiuout euoiraaung fraui thtbe cf others ßEUEL Htei-'d MEN". A Man YYho Has Seen The in and Tjeir Country. Correspondence EaffaJo .Expre,! I met a man to-day who was im-t down frcm Winnipeg. He had lived in Manitoba for three years, and traveled widely in the northwest Territory and wintered s00 miles northwest of Winnipeg. He claiasü to tknew Biel, and wr.s fall cf talk about the rebellion and the country. He is eura that it ien't "God's country" yet awhile. "No plsce for a white man," taouso. he thought a few years would put it ahead of Dakota in many reepects. oome 01 eis experiencss were interesting. A few years ago te weat from Southern Wisconsin to Dakota aud took np a claim. Malaria killed his wife and children and the alkli lands tiisgustRi him. Bewentdcwnto Winnioe?, then on the boom. ' I got $S a day at paper banging. but that wasn't much." He lived in tb Affiniboine Valley with the Canadian Fa eitle Kail way builders. Then he struck a job with a parly of Government engineers locating boundaries. He went as far wrst as hdmunton, at the foot or the Kockiss, having followed the Saskatchewan fo several hundred mdes. Then they pushed north frcm EdmuGton, living for coins mouths in the region at the headwaters of the Atrtabasca. On the return eastward they had followed a more northerly trail than that wh:ch led them westward; and had finally, after exploring and surveying uptheNelsoaBiver and around Lake Winnipeg, coma down one more itto the comparative civil'Zition of Manitoba. The Assiniboine country from Wipnipeg wesr, he says, will settle up fair' v well. There are many half breed cettlemeuts and trading posts all alcnu the river. On the Saskatchewan he der-enbes the country as nearly level, ad the timber as mostly spruce. Corn won't ripen, but they get some vegetables The roads, wherever the country i settled at all sre very good, except wha flooded. Whenever a rect-ton of land is eialsed out a strip of four rods is reK-rvei on all pides cf it tor a road. "What abcuthe veople?" I aeked. The qtesiien "rilert" bim 4 Tbe god-fo eekereet cattle in creation," he eaid. He fpc k9 especially of the eettlements on the batkatchewan. "The men jnit don't know nothin'. We speak ct 'em as half-b-' 1 , but tome of 'em are half breeds, and so... j a q tarter, and some you can't tell anything about. I didn't see many men from the 6tates, except such as me, who were on business acd on the move. It's mostly French, and Indian mixed, and they talk more Indian than any thins else. The pure-bloodel Indians the Cree-s, for instance are decenter than the half breeds, and know more. Schools? rot any, except a few in the biggist settlements. There's priests, but they're much like the rest cf 'em." "Now, let me tell you; staid at a place for awhile that didn't have no name but Forks. It must haye been 500 or 600 miles from Winnipeg. It was a little clearing in the timber, though one way the land was grass laud, except where it thinned out to alkali. There was a llcdeon Bav Company's etore r Hunting was good' and fishing waa plenty. I never eee money all the time I was thve. A man would go to tbe store for a pound of tea. They'd give it to him mighty poor tea, to i and charge bim anything they pleased in skins. Three mink skins is about the usual price for a pound of tea. Halt a dozen mink skirs '11 get an ox) and so it goes. 1 tell you tlat fur company is the biggest robber iu God's world. It gets thousands of dollars worth of furs out uoe poor devils every year for just cotu... 1 say fair barter's good business, but tLe trait, is unequal rUht on tbe ground. Of course a far ie.o't worth ny thing eo much up there es it is in London or the States, but I look at it this way: It takes more work and more wits to gat a mii.kekin otfn the animal and into the trsdin' pest than it does to biiog a poond of gioceries from the big market np into their woods. No, I guess the good far animals ain't playin' out any yet. It's a big country up there, and the woods are full of 'em. "But I was telling you about this family where I Btcpped. It was a loghoue, wich ccly one room, of course. Tbe old man was mcBtly French. There was a dozen chlldrea. mere ore less. . The biggest girls wasn't bid looking, acd wor calico dresses. 'Are any of your girls married?' I aked the old man. lie was tuniu a fiddle everybody fiddles up there and he gave a laugh, and says: 'So, there anin't none of the gals married.' 'Are these all your children?' I aeked. by'n by. for we was all smokin' and everybody ws good natured. Then he laughed again aud shook his head, acd pointed three or four of the little ones. Two of 'em b?longed to h?s oldest girl, and there was a baby that be longed to the second girl. She was a redcheeked young wench not over seventeen, and ehe took the baby as if it was a pre'ty good joke. The old man smoked and word away at his riddle a while; and then of a s i l den he turned around on tbe bnch to this girl and says: Tnette, who the father of your babee?' and the girl gets red a lit'le a V says: 'Gusts it's one of them soldiers was op here last summer.' - "I tooEone of the old man's daughters to a dance one night. It was at the post, about two miles down tbe valley. We drove in a two-wheeled cart. Their dances beat all yoa ever Bee. They know square dances pretty well, but when they get fairly warmed up they go in for the jig. A couple will take the fiocr and dance a jig, fecin' each other, and now and tben ciiclin' round till one or the other of 'em tires out. Then a freh partner iomps onto the Moor and keeps it up. Sometimes the women'll tire out three or four men. I've seen girls go to these dances barefoot, and put on heavy shoes to dance in. I ve teen qrjepr things at the daaci There's some drinking of course. They driuk raw spirits alcohol in;töeir tea." This is the claw of people that eympathixd with and support Louis Kiel. My informant said he ha1 Scea Iii el at Fort Garry. "Ha is a smart locking man and an ugly one. I don't tee bow he can make such a aland gaii er troops I don't believe he cau risa ovr 5,000 Jn isns and half breeJs in tutt wr.o'e rnnntry. Eat it's a tou?a country for b tToops f'omdwn Et to e in . They'll be worried sick more'n they'll be

tbr 1 in Cghts. There's some moequitos up there too. They're as bad the Indiana" The history and problems e the Northmen Territoriw are full of interest Tte Ncnhwfst Elates Wisconsin, Minnesota nd Dakota have a good many sons in Manitoba, and are alive to the progress ot the lebeilion. The Indians who figured in tbe famci.s Minnesota massacres are followers cf Kiel. There have teen colonies on the Bed Eivej since 1S11. In 1SS5 tbe Hudson Pay Com j-any bought what is now the Province ot Manitoba from the Earl of Seik rk, who had a large tract, including Manitoba and Atsinfboine, the adjoining province cn tte west, from the Crowa in 1M1. Fort Garry was the head of a local government under the Hudson By Company. Iu lvGc tbe Dominion cf Canada acquired the territory from tbe Hudson Bay Company. Even then Lcu!s Biel was a leader among the settlers iu the Bed River Valley. They took oL'ense ot cause they were not consultel in tbe chanve of goteriimerjt, and unier R el organized a government of their own. They held pofsessicn of the country for six mentis, and finally carried tbeir point aud secured repreeentation in the Dominica I'arHarocDt. In thihkiig of this country as a wilderness we forget bow long it has been open to civili2ation. Tbere art-'earners in the Red, the Ass-inibcine, and tx. tatchewaa Rivera. Tbe bcate are poor atd navigation uncertain, especially on the last-named stream. The Red River opens at its heal long before the ice disappears in it) lower course at Like Winnipeg. This cauees disastrous floods. Tbere are bad rapids in the Saskatchewan, which 2C0 miles west cf Lake Winnipeg is larger than the Mis-isaippi at La Cross f so said my in o. rnant. I asted him abaut Nelson River, U.e vast waterway from Lake Winnipeg to Hudson Bay. Commerce can Tiver nee that route, he thinks. The Nelson Is full of rapids and falls.

W i.at la tbe l ue of lr. Aoy Way? - In tLf April cumber cf Harper's Magazine Ci.f ! , Tuaiey Warner writes as follows: Nf. iw j of the vulgar notions of this latittde ! '..at we need "bracing ud," and ihn: ii a useful product, consequently iLtt i; r. n ore severe weather we have and the Luo:e scow, the better off we are. And people go on believing this to their deaths every 3 ear. As to 6ncw, there is a sentimental notion ot its beauty as well as of its utility. And a good deal can bs said for it frcm an artistic point of view. B u we are not placed in this stern world raetely to indulge our eensuonenes3. We are put here to n:ate the most of our powers in view of a tire'-Rer; acd long life is aduty, besides beirg, in the Old Testament view, a reward of virtne. It is probably necessary to have becw ct the poles in order to keep the poles cool and insure a proper circulation ar.d change of a'r around tbe glebe, just as it is necessary to keep the equator eo Lot that it is a3 cspifasect to sit on it ss on a kitchen stove. Snow, indeed. mht 'o little- barm in a laud where the sun uver t.'. ne. But in this region, where the sua ones ?hine, where half the winter diys are char, tbe only effect rf the pres-tce o! snow 13 to 11 the atmospt.:e with chilling moijtLie, lung fever, pceu.. uaia and that sort cf thing The p:easantt' ue weather, the more snc8bine we hare; wit enowon the pround, tte worse is our conuV-oa. Ana yet it i in vain to argue this iih people. They are wedded to titrtitioE&l ideas and full ot prejudices, and it seerrp impossible to convince them that snow in thi region is harmful. It dees no gecd to demonstrate to them that bit for enow we thould have royal winter climate. On a small reale we see occasionally what it might be. There were 6uch days in January last. Tb scot bad disappeared, the eun shone wirb th" light not tbe heat (like an electric jamp) of Ma. ..J the a'.r was pure, exhilarating, but not damp and grave-like. It would have been perfect but for the chill that came down froia the 8now-Vds cf Canada, where cold and snow a;e worehipred and feted all winter. And yet, after such experience, people, convinced, go lack to bnow. Ths ignoraoce of this scientific age i discouraging. The othr vulvar tot; on is tbataband to band struggle with extreme cold for months does a parson good braces him up. It must be admitted that up to a certain point any etruggle or trial is invigorating to the moral and intelligent nature. But we see v-bat too much Indulgence in this leads to. The Esquimaux is but little raised above the polar bear and the seal. His whole existence is just an effort to keep alive, to get blubber and skins enough to generate aud keep in his body vital heat. He cau think of nothing else; be has room tor bo other mental eUcrt, We see tbe same thin? in the diaries and accounts of the polar exploration fanatics. It would be the most painful reading in the world if it were not so monotonous. Each one tells exactly the same story tbe btory of his physical story to keep alive with the thermometer fifty degrees bslow zero. Soon the mind has no other occupation than this struggle. It almost cesses to work in any ether direction. This is interesting to us at first as a study of tbe capacity of tbe human organism to resist the unrestrained attacks of nature. The experience of a perBon who should in this latitude, in winter, retire to an ice house, with a hatchet and a supply ef frozen bash, a whale oil lamp, and a fur overcoat and body-bag, and sit on the ice in the dsrkEess. and record his feelings, the gradual lowering of the vital powers, the concentration of the mind upon the numbness cf his legs, would doubtless heve a physiological interest. But the eecont experimenter would not Interest hit read rs to much as the first with his narrative. The 1'retiy Womm of the Cabinet. INew Yoik vYoild. Mrs. Yiles, the wife of the Posttr to.r General, is the smallest lady in the Cat nr, ard by some calhd the beauty of the Cab icet. But she aril! be obliged to divide tbe honors tbere with Mrs. Manning, althnga tbey are entirely different types. Mrs. Vi as has a round, full figure: in complexion ths is inclined to be dark, though by no means wbst could be called a brunette; her hair i a dark brown, and her eyes are brown. Hr features are very small and regu'ar. Hr hair she dretses hiigb, the front being waved, parted and brushed locsely back from her face. She seems quite timid in her manner, and is apparantly not quite certain that she likes all the ceremony to which she is now being introduced. Mrs. Manning, the wife of tbe Secretary r! the Tiresary, is quite tall and slight in figure. Her fizure is very graceful, acd one which carries rich draperies with mcch grace. Her srcail head is thickly covered with soft, light brown hair, which she dresses high, with a soft, curling f rin?e across the forehead. Her eyes are a dark gray, cot large, but expressive. Mrs. Mnnicg is easy and cordial in her manner. an4 always seems to have a pleasant word fa each of her callers when receiving. Captain Mitchell, of the bark Antoine Sala, New York and Havana trade, came home In May, entirely helpless with rheumatism. He went to the mountains, but receiving no benefit, at his wife's request began to take Hood's Barsaparilla. He immediately began to improve; in two months his rheumatism was all gone, and he sailed in commend of his vessel a well man. Hood's Earsaparilla will help you. Sold by all druggists. Many Ctristian ministers are now desirous to be "shriveled into an ambassador." as Dr. Carey expressed it when his son left hie missionary work in India for Government service. The Baptist Weekly coaimends to President Cleveland the reply of President JacksoD to such an anp ictnt: "Yon bo'd a belter tppdintment thin lean give you." - CoKCrrntoK lied Hair. Many people admire red hair, bat if you do rot, Parker's Hair Ba saai will impart to it a darker hue. It will igo thicken thin bair, eradicate dan dm IT, aod toapart Bo't rese, g'ovsicess aod life to b3'r which ba become cry and harsh. Not a dye. and djes not soil the liren. Givw a deaciouj p-r-fame. An elegant dressing.

E?. Rr, Radway's

Ready

Relief

The Cheapest and Best Medicine FC3 FAMILY m l THE 5IÖSLE CURES AM) PRETEN rS Ccughs, Colds, Sore Throat Hoarseness, inflammation, Rheumatism, Heurafa, Hsaöachc, Tcothachs, Diphtheria, (niluerä, DiGcult Breattins, a wm the first and Is the c&ly rVkJLI ItlCMEDT Thf. uiitacvy :opa the raoet excrctfaens ruui ahays Isturaxation tnl cures Cougäfctlons, wnetKr o: the Lungs, Btomach, Bcw&l cr o thi Cland" or orna, ty one application. In From One to Twenty Jtllnuleil 0 Barter now vieleat or excruciatiE. the pains the KheumaUc. Bed-ridden, Infirm, Cripple Ziervoac.VeuralKlc or prostrated with tcay ruff er. KADWAY'S READY fJILIE? WILL AFFORD INST ANI ÄKSJL. Xnaaa:natlon of the Kidneys. lnnamsuK et the Bladder, Inflammation oi do Eowe'.s, Uougev eon oi the Lun, Palpitation o! the Heart, Urs terlca, Croup, Diphtheria. Catarrh, lcSneota, NervotieDee. EpieKsseaa, Kbeaxoatlraa, Sciaticv Pains In tbe Cheet, Back or Llzaba, Srolacfc Epraina, Cold Chills and Ague Chills. Tbe application of the HEADY BEX.Tr.Vtt the part or part 'wt-tre the difficulty or pala es tots will afford ess? and comfort. Thirty to sixty drops in half a tumbTer cf wain will in a few minutes cure Crampa, fcpwsraa, 8onj P-öraach, Hesrtbcrn, flck Headache, Diarrhea Dysentery, Osl'c Wind la the EoeU, and ail to terwl palSE. ' Travelers should always carry a bottle oi Kidwr'i Eeady Relief with them. A lew Crops L3 wfcte will prevent sicxnees or pains Irom c!irv cf water, it is better than Trench EnnAy cr ten as a stimulant. ALARi A, In Its Various Forms, FEYES and AGUE. riVZB and AQÜ3 erred tor M oesls. Thsrs n not a remedial agert In ÜiS world that will errs Vcver and Ague and all etbe Malarions, 1.1 ii oris, ecarlct, and other Fevers (alaad by BADWA IT FILL) so Quickly as EADWAV8 READY RELIEF. tfty Cents Per Bottle. Sold b- 11 Dras Cists. DK. RADWAY'S $3rsaparii!isn iMolveüi. Pure blood makr nnd fleeh, strorg txiue sea a clear trim If yen would haro your tcbh tra, your bones sound, wltbout carte, and yoor cor plexinn fair. ow. blDA'aY'il bAEdAJ-'ARU 1,1 J Great Blooci Purifier. rTALSK AND TRUE. We extract from Dr. Raflway a TreatlM on DU easeaad Ita Care," m follows: XAn ot 0Scm oured by DK. KADWArS SAIlSAFABIItlilAZr B2SO.VIf 2 Chronic sain diseases, cartes olttj 'oca, huxaoU cf the blood, scrofulous dlseaecs, yw4U2c coxa plaints, lever sores, chronica or old U-?ers. aalt iheum, rickets, white swelling, scald head, canters, glandulär swellings, nodes, wasting aal da cay of the body, pimples and blotch oa, tumors, dyepepfila, kidney and bladder diseases, chroma iheumats& ana (ims consumption. graTCl asd calculous deposits, and varieties of the abevs complaints, to which sometimes are given ipeolons names. In cases were the system has beea salivated, and murcury has aocumuJaied and become deposited in the bones, Joints, eto.. cauilm carles of the bones, rickets, spinal curvatures, contortions, white swellings, varicose veins, eta ths EUrsaparilUa will resolve awy those der'- an exterminate the virus oi the Alacase troxa tbtf A GREAT CGKHnmOHAL BEKED1ekln diseases, rem on, ulcers and tore, of aTj kinds, particularly chronic disease cf the tllT are cored with great certainty by a oonrae ol Lu BAPWara baksafaRiLlIak. We mean ott tut cases that eave resisted all other treatnaztSCROFULA . Whether tracreaitted from parents ox acquired, tl within the cnraUve range of the SARSATAItlLLIAN RESOLYEXT. It possesses the same wonderful poer in curtnjg the worst fonr.s of rtrcmous and eruptive di charges, syphiloid nicer, sores of teeyes, ears, none, mouth, throat, aland, exterminatlne: virus of these chronic forms of diswi-s f rota th blood, bonee, joints, and ia every part of 'he ho man body here there exists dlfcel iepoAlta, clceratlons, tumors, kard lumps or scrotnions Inflammation, this treat and powerful remedy will exterminate laplfily aud permanently. One bottle contains more of tbe actlte pMuo pies of medicine then any other preparation, Takes in teaeno-iijnl doea, wfct'e otbe-s fire or six times as mach. ONX IK) Li. AS r BOT1LX. fold by fl russets. DR. RADWAY'S flEGULATjNB PILLS III 6mt LiTtr and Sta:aa;i lieteeiy. Fertxly t taneieta, e'lessatly ccxl; i-nrrrj r?EUiate, cieanse and etienrthe'sj Ml. nr t (nil C-i &ll Olli erdcTS of the Btomach, Liver, Eowela, iicer, Bladder, Uervous L-isease. Loss ol Appetits, Headache, Constipation, CwtiveDtses, IndlseaUos Dyspepeia, BlUousnesa, Tever, latttmmttion cJ the iiowels. File, aud all deranicemeati of the Ia tcrcal viscera, ru rely vcsetable, conttliln si 9 STcnry, mineral, ot deleterious druxa. Prloe 15 Cent Per Dox. Sold ty all druzzlfts, DYSPEPSIA Kadwys Barsaparllllaa, aided by Radway) Pill, la a cere for this complaint It res tors! trcbrU to the stomach, aud makes it perform IU fanctlona The symptoms ol dyspepsia disappe?, and rith thera the liability ol the system to con trac: dlspTPe. Take the medicine atoortlia? vi the directions, and observe what say la aid True" reapoctinz diet, "Road Falso and True?." tend a letter s;ep to SADWATA t.a, 5. n Warren street, hew York. Ictomatioa vt ihaoaanas will t sent to yon. rO TKBPUIlLia cstrSe sttre aud ack for Vdwtv, ana tse ta j M aasbt i'juTr- U aa Ta. rwi kt