Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 2, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 February 1885 — Page 6

THE IND1AKA STATE BENT1NEL. WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY II, 1. 5,

OUK FARM BUDGET.

Productive Power of Hena Dairying. How to Kill Artichokes Beet Sugar in England Tree Planting on Prairies. Scours in Calve Chicken Cholera-Straw ben ! Ootloolc for ! B for rprlug; eedluf; Uoasebold 11 lata aid Farm Motes. Productive Power of Hens. New York Times. The productive powers of a hen depend upon ber constitntional capability aod the lenling. The statement that a hea has a certain number of orules in the ovary at birth, and that these mature at certain periods of her life, 1 simply bash. It is & baseless, imaginary supposition, and quite inconsistent with what Ls known of the laws of animal growth. II these 600 ovales exist, at wbat time were they formed? They mast have existed in the young chick, and, if eo, tbey mast hare been in embryo in the egg. This is not possible. It might as well be said that every f At globule in the milk of a cow las been numbered and provided for at the birth of the calf, because the globales are produced by cell growth in precisely the same manner as the ovules in the ovary of the cow, or as the ovules in the ovary of the ODe. The absurdity of it is apparent to any hen. It was once said, years, ago. that the -whole of a tree existed in embryo in the seed the rcot, stem, branches and leaf. This is a parallel misstatement to that in r?card to the one who thinks about it, aad one is as absurd as another. The fact is, a hen at birth has no apparent ovales, nor is the ovary fully formed. This grows aod natures as the cbicfc increase! in age and size, from the ordinary cell growth by which the bone, muscle and other parts of the lowl are produced fiom the blood, which is made from the food. The food is eaten and digested and changed in ..o blood; the blood forms the matter from which the cellular tissue of the animal is built up. If the food is not enfhcient for all the demands of the animal ita life is first sustained, then its subetance is added to, bat its productive functions are not completed or set in action. For this final purpose of a Urine creature. whether a plant or an animal, full and suffi cient nutriment must be proviled. A hen will not lay eggs unless fally fed, simply because the orules in the orary can not be formed without the necessary substance, which most come from the food. And these ovules are formed by an abundant growth of cell ti'sue in proportion to the supply of food. The better a hen is fed the more eggs she will produce, and as some hens have been known to lay orer 2 OOO egg) in the course of a long life, it is very clear that a large number mast have been produced somehow, eren if she was prorided with COJ at her birth. The whole statement is one of thOBe foolish "facti" of "popular science'' of which so many are turned out of the science mills. Dairying vs. Wheat Growing. Boston Herald. The farmers of Iowa were among the first to break away from the one crop system and to diversify their grain growiag with dairy ing. There are now 400 creameries or cheese factories in that State, and their patrons rind the industry much more profitable than raising wheat at sixty to serenty cents a bathe 1 on land that is worth from $15 to 100 per acre. The BL Louis Republican reports that the farmers in Northern Missouri hare begun to turn their attention in the same direction, and says that if one half the mon ey and labor expended last year in raising Missouri's crop of 30.000,000 bushels of wheat had been giren to dairying, the net result would hare been double, it argues that "the markets of the world are glutted with wheal, but the more batter and cheese produced the more there is con sumedthe demand keeping pace with and eren outstripping the supply." There is commonly a market for good dairy products at remunerative prices, but it ia douotf ul if the average profits hare been greater than those gained from wheat, taking a period of ten years together. The production of good butter is not altogether a matter of dispo sition. Jiucn depends upon the pasturage, the water and climatic conditions. Tne dairying belt is as restricted as the wheat belt, taxing the whole country together. The sections adapted to it can make the in dustry profitable. It is doubtful if the other sections can do so. The elder settled por tions oi the West are experiencing from the cheap and Virzin fields of the Northwest the stress of the competition by whicl they forced the farmers of the Eastern and Mi Jdie F'ates to abandon grain-giro win? s a reliance diversify their productions. History is re peating itself in compelling them to adopt a similar policy. How to Kill Artichokes. Kansas Farmer. How to destroy the artichoke: Flow under when they hare attained the height of one foot They only grow from the tubers. At this time the old tubers are decayed and the new ones hare not formed. This has been practiced here to my positive knowledge with perfect success. ' The great terror of many good people that they will take the farm is a slander on this innocent plant, and is a great hindrance to its general culture. Hogs also will destroy them 11 pastured in the growing seasons. Tbey will produce from 400 to 1,000 bushels per acre. They produce more hog food per acre than any other crop I am acquainted with, and the hogs will harrest the crop themselves. Beet 8ngar In JSngland. Messrs. Bolton & Partners, of No. 4 the Sanctuary, Westminster, send out a copy of a report by rrolessor A. Church on the cul tivation of the sugar beet in England ia 1:84 From this we learn that the follow mg are some of the facts and conclusions which are established by last years trials: That sugar beets can be grown in Eagland which will compare farorabiy In erery repect with those grown on the continent; that these results are not doe solely to ths fineness of the season, as. on the contrary. tne unusual drought daring the spring and early summer had a prejudicial enact on the crop. Neither are they attributable to any skillful method of cultivation, as, on the contrary, tbe culti ration generally left much to be desired; that therefore, results at least as good, if not better. may with improved care (the fruit of experi ence) be expected in any ordinary season ; that at present prices sugar beet is a better paying crop than wheat; thai sazir beat maybe grown successfully when, oaring to . dcugbt other root crops, such as mangolds. prove a failure; that sugar beet is a yaluable food for cattle. In forwarding this report Messrs. Bolton fc Partners point out its nat ural importance, especially in tbe present condition of agriculture. The cultivation of the sugar beet opens up a new and important industry, which in its various rami fications may gire remuneratire employ ment to many, while serving to keep in the country a portion of that large sum (some 10 000,000 sterling) which is now going oat of it annually klor the purchasa of foreign sogar. Tree Planting on Prairies. Prairie farmer. In tree planting so much depends upon tbe object sought that no arbitrary rule caa be followed. For shelter, shade and wind breaks evergreens and rapidly growing de cidaous trees should be planted. 1 should choose, of evergreens, the white pine, Tne soft yielding beauty of its foliage, its armx&etrical, regular and rapid growth and its magnificent proportions as it approaches maturity, with its timber value, and its dry eones, useful for fire lighters, make It a fa vorite with all tree planters. Mr timber baa for several years furnished firewood for three families, as well as poles, stakes and

posts in abundance; the maples of all clods

have provided delicious ijrup; the walnut trees bare yielded nuts, and all hare giren shade from the baraing sun, and shelter from the blasts of winter, both to man and beast. The protection to the garden from cold spring winds is one of great edTantage, As I never had a fruit tree girdled by rab bits and little damage done by insects ex cept the codling moth and curculia, I think the groves of forest timber are entitled to a part of the credit, at least, for this Immunity from damage, by providing a good harbor and food for the rabbits, as they eat the teader twigs of the form trees (doing no harm if they do Dot cut the leader), and they hare no occasion or desire to gnaw apple trees in open ground. The birds find their natural retting places among tha branches, and so increase that they keep most kinds of insects in check. My forest tree planting has been to me entirely satisfactory, taken as a whole. It Ibas transformed an open, bleak, wind swert prairie into an attractive, sheltering. cozy, home-like farm, where the meloly of the song bird blends harmoniously with the evening zephyr as it goes whispering through the pines. Scours In Calves. I Country Gentleman. I hare been interested in a remedy for scours in calves. Haring had serious difficulty with this disease last spring, I will gire the benefit of my experience. The calves were invariably taken when from twenty-four to thirty-six hours of age, aid lived from one to three days. The cows (thirty-five in number) were fed nothing but hay and meal, and seemed perfectly healthy, as were the calves up to the a?e referred to. From the herd we lost twenty calves after using cany different remedies ;eacb and every calf that was taken died. I then removed a healthy calf as soon as born to an adjoining bam, away from all contact with otaer cattie. This did not prove successful, but i still beliered the disease contagious, and re moved the cow before calving to another barn, twenty rods distant I found this to be prerentire, saving every calf when the cow was removed before the birth. To be more thoroughly convinced of the conta gious character of the disease, I remored two calves immediately alter birth, mat were born in the infected buildings, to a sheep barn twenty rods distant; both had the scours and died. I have never seen or heard of a similar case in this section. I can not believe it is the common disease called scours. Remedy for Chicken Cholera. The Department of Agriculture publishes the following remedy, recommended oy ur. Salmon, ior preventing this destructive dis ease, that annually carries oil so many thou sand fowls: For this disease a rery cheap and most effective disinfectant is a solution made by aiding three pounds of sulphuric acid to forty gallons of water (or one-fourth pound of sulphuric acid to three and a hell gallons of water), mixing evenly by agitating or stirring This may be applied to small sur faces with a small watering pot or to larger grounds with a barrel mounted on 'heeh and arranged like a street sprinkler. In dis infecting poultry houses tbe manure must be first thoroughly scraped up and removed beyond the reach of ths fo's; a Blight sprinkling is not sufficient, but the floors and roosts and grounds most be thoroughly saturated with the solution, so that no par ticle of dust, howerer small, escapes bsing wet It is Impossible to thoroughly disin fect if the manure is not remored from tbe roosting places. Sulphuric acid Is very cheap, costing at retail not more ttau twenty-fire cents a pound, and at wholesale but fire or six cents. The barrel of disin fecting scluihn cm therefore bs made for less than $i, and shoaid be thoroughly applwd. It must be remembered, tot, that sulphuric acid is a dangerous drug to band's. It destroys clothing and cauterizes the flesh wherever it touches. Big Strawberries. "I hare discorered a new agriculture,' " said A. N. Cole to the lounger of the Ne w York Tribune. "Under the system the greit American Desert can be made to blossom as the rose, the rocky steeps of the Sierras cai be made as fertle as the r alleys. Oa the hillsides of Allegheny County I grow strawber ries aa lare as peaches we hare to slice them up to make strawberry shortcake; plums, which before were the size of pullets eggs, now grow as large as hens' eggs; peapods grow six and seven inches long and contain peas as large as grapes: beets reach a length of fire feet the ordinary 'blood beet; timothy heads measure ll inches, and are larger in proportion. These are a few instances. I could enumerate others. In a abort time I will show how fire acres tilled under my new system will give as much net profit as 500 tilled in the present way. Bat I don't ex pect the puolic to take my word for all this. I hare invited a large number of practical farmers from di Cerent States to Yisitmy model farm at Wellmlle, . Y., on July 4. I bare promised them two bushels of there enormous strawberries, and other fruit in like quantity. The whole secret of the thing is under-drainiDg." The Outlook for Bees. Western Agriculturist! Jndging from the past it ls fair to suppose that many who are a little deficient in sand in the craw will gire the bee business the go by the coming spring. .Except in some special localities, the last year was one yield lng but a moderate amount of surplus honey. in the race oi this fact honey command but a moderate price in the market. This is particularly accounted for upon the therory that California was last year, as she usually is, one of the localities having plenty of sur plus noney which she has sent by tons to Eastern markets. Knowing this many of our resident bee keepers have also crowded their honey into market. so as to head off any deprecia tion that mightcccnr in prices. This theory proring true, better prices for honey may be expected later in tbe season. It is oie of the vici sitnden of tbe business that on account of the small capital required it ia crowded by votaries and abandoned to the tender mer cies cf tbe elements by turns. In this, as in the poultry and other lines of Industry seemingy so easily assumed, it is necessary to caution against the "cock and bull" stories of sudden and immense profits without los ing sight of the fact that tbe business is just as certainty remuneratire when intelligently managed as any other rural pursuit Whether low prices of honey work an injury or not in the end is not by any means sure, since it may be the means of ingratiating the article into the faror of many who wonid leave it untouched at a high price but wbo, when the habit is forme i. will continue to use it at nigner price, les, there is a sure reward for labor properly bestowed in an apiary, but "persevere" is the ta'ismanic word that securs it Not only was last sumrrer an unfavorable one, but tbe present winter must prove very destructive of colo nies, hence much discouragement aod hence also our prediction that many will forsake tbe business. It is safe to say. how ever, that succets could har Jly be expected irom sucn as become discouraged with a single unprofitable year. Other business being treated in the same way. cattle and sheep would lose many of their patrons after so many thousands being frozen this wlnte When Henry Clay bad failed his conatitu ents and they were about to forsake him, he asked them what they would do with tbeir old flint locks if they should fall. whether throw them away, or pick them and try them again; the reply was "pick them aod fry them again." They gave him an other send off. . Bye for Spring reeding, Missouri Republican, There are few If any plants that are more raluable for soiling In the spring than rye. It grows very rapidly, and on a good, rich soil, will furnl-h a large amount of the very beet of food. It often happens that grains. such as corn and oat, sell high in the spring

ana laxmeri can not aiwayt mora w pay.

A patch of rye will often take the placs of tbe greater portion of the grain, not only for

the stock bnt also for the teams. Teams will do a good day's work if they can have one good feed of grain and then a good supply of green rye cut and fed to them. Rye sown in the fall oi course is Detter ior this purpose than spring rye, yet if you have neglected to sow i good patch in tue fall and yon have any idea that the grain supply will be short for feeding. It will pay to prepare a small patch and show. Of court e, as a quick, strong growth is very desirable, it will pay to select good rich gronnd for the purpose. Prepare the land by thoroughly ploughing, then harrow and sow broadcast, harrowintr in well, so as to lave the soil in gcoi condition; or tbe drill can be used after toorougbly preparing tbe land. About one and a half bnsbela to the acre will be about the rfg'it quantity to sow. You can commence cutting off and feeding as soon as the rye gets high enough, and if yon are reasonably careful not to tramp down too much it will sprout up ana make a new growth ready to bs cut again. If you want to tue it for milling alone yoa should mot allow it to head out As long as it is kept down by catting it will sprout up and make a new growth. There are many kinds of stock that can be benefited considerably by the addition of a liberal supply of rye cut and fed green. btock craves something green and tbe pas tures often will not furnish a sufficient supply. Then again it is not always convenient to have all the stock run in the pastures. A good patch of rye will often furnish them good supply oi green rood with rery mile trouble and expense It is much better, as well as more economical, to have a supply of grainto cot and feed t3 tbe working teams and keep them in the stables at night than to turn them out into the pastures at night and be forced to go after thm through the dew early in the morning. For milk cows or ewes that are nursing young a supply of green food will be found a decided advantage to aid in keeping them in'g'Kji, thrifty condition. N. J. S n ir h a r d. Eiden, Mo. HOUSEHOLD HINTS. A good cold dish for supper is made by choosing about seven pounds of the shin part of a Hank of beef, two ounces of sugar, six ounces of salt one ounce of saltpeter. These are to be be rubbed into the meat, and then water enough should be poured over it to cover it Let it remain in this pickle for a week; then rinse it well, remove the bone and all the gristle and coarse skin, spread it out on the table and scatter parsley rubbed fine, a handful of it, a laree spoonf al of ease also rubbed yery fine, a little allspice and pepper and salt over It, then roll it up as lightly as possible, put a cloth around it and either sew or tie it firmly together: the meat should then be boiled until it is beginning to be tender, a point which can be ascertained by piercing it with a fork through the cloth: then put it in a jar with tbe liquor poured over it in which it is boiled. Put it inta the oven: at the end of two hours turn out the liquor (which may be added to soup stock) aod let the meat dry for an hour. Da not attenT to cut it until it is cold. Cftt.1 I.. Ter makes a -pretty side dish if boiled wi e and then put stem down in a round vet-' -Me diBh; but it is necessary that a vlgi nt and keen eye should looi the cauliflower over before cooking it for there is dsnger of tiny insects being left on the sta k; it should be careful: y washed also. Heads that are not perfect aan bs cat into small pieces and be baked. The cauliflower should be put into an earthen pudding dish, in layers, with hard-boiled eggs chopped and seasoned with a dressing made of half a pint of milk, with two tablespoon! ula of flour rubbed smooth In a little of the mlik. two teaspoonfuls of salt one of whits pepper and about two ounces of batter; pat grated bread or cracker over tbe top, with little bits of butter here and there, and it there is a probability that it will cot brown nicely wet it over the top with milk. An hour's time should be giren to this dish in a hot oyen. Beets, if small, can be sliced and drened with giavy, jost as young beets in the spring are terved. with a little mux and butter, pepper and salt and flour enough to thicken, Beets can be arranged prettily ai a garnish for pickled tongue by cutting them into thin slices, and cutting the edge with the cooky cutter. A home-made sauce, which rivals some "beuchten" ones, is made of a wineglass of port wine, one of walnut and one of tomato catsup, an onion and one dessertspoon! al of curry powder; let this mixture boil for two or three minutes; when cold pat it into bottle and keep it well corked. A light pudding is made of one pint of flour, two teaspoenfuls of baking p)wder arid a little salt with milk enough to make a thin batter. Batter some caps and set them into tbe steamer, and put a large spoonful of batter into each cup and then spoonful of jam; cover the jam with another spoonful of batter, and let the pudding steam for from twenty minutes to hall an hour. Make a sauce of two eggs, a tabletpoonfulof butter and one cup of sugar; beat them together and pour orer them one cup of boiling milk. This padding is delicious with fieeh fruit, berries or peaches. A very good way to mute caper sauce, to serve with roast mutton: About a quarter of an hour before the meat is done melt two tablespoonfuls of butter In a saucepan, stir into it one tablespoonfal of flour, then add half a pint of the mutton torotb, half a pint of milk, season with pepper and salt; cook until the flour is thoroughly done, then just before serving add two and a half taolespoonfuls of capers. When melting the batter do it slowly, for if it getsbrowa or scorched the flavor of the eauce will be spoiled. Directions for making a "tipsy" cake: Take a sponge that is not less than thre days old. If the bottom of it is not entirely smooth make it so, to enable ittostiol firmly in the dish. Make a small hole in the center, and pour into it and over toe cake enough swaet wine to soik the cake nicely. When the cake is soft blanch to ounces of almonds and cut each into four strips; stick these all over toe surface of the cake, then pour around ita rich custard; one pint of milk will bs about enough, aad from fire to eight eggs. If yoa wish to corer tbe top ot the cake with a preringue use eight yelks for the custard and the whites of two eggs, and reserve the rest of the whites for the top. adding about four tablespoon fuls of powdered sugar, aod fiarorlng to salt your ta&te. A recipe for crullers: Two coffeeoupi of sugar, one ot sweet milk, three eggs, a heap lng tablespoon fcl of butter, three teaspoonmis of baking powder, mixed with six caps of flour, half a nutmeg and a teaspoonful of cinnamon. Beat the eggs, butter aad sa gar together, add milk, spices and flour; put another cup of hour on the kneading-bjard. pour the doagh out upon It aid knead nn til you can roll it out to a quarter of an inch in thickness, cut this into squares, making tnree or jour incisions in each square; drop into hot lard and fry as you do doughnuts In a sick-room, when the baby is "just asieep, as granaia is taxing a nap, if mamma has a headache Indeed, almost always the noise and dust raised by feeding a coa fire is very objectionable. An excellent way to obviate It ia to hare the coal prepared in tne ceuar or kiicnen by being pat a ahorel fnl at a time, into the old oaDsr baas in which groceries come, or wrapped in a piece of newspaper. These bags or bandies can be lifted and placed npoa the fire without the slightest noise or dust is is worm recollecting that bar soip snouia ne cut ibio square pieces and put into a dry place, as it keeps better atts shrinking. By rubbing with a damp fltunel dippei in the beet whiting, the brown dlscoloraMoi may be taken oil cups in which eustards hare been baked. Erery tidy housewife desires to hare some kind of a scraper jost outside the door to aid in remorine the mud from the boots of in comers. One is made by fastening an old hoe to the doorstep by nails or screws. It

should not project more than half a a inch above the step. One half-pound of dried beef, sliced Torythin, stewed in milk, thickened with cora it&rcf aid an egg, and dished oa neat squares of toast, makes an Inyiting dish. Why purchase inferior nntmes when their quality can be tested by pricking them with a pin? If they are good the oil will instantly spread around t'- puncture. When tbe rubber rin j :o fruit cans become dry and brittle tbey ein generally have their elasticity restored by letting them lie in a mixture of one part ammonia and two parts water. Rub your black walnut sewing machine tables, your cabinet organ, or any other piece of eolid furniture you may bare, with a cloth moistened with kerosene oil, and yoa will quick lv tee an improvement, but keep it away from varnish. It is a mistake to let year after year piss bv with no attempt to improre the quality of the farm stock. Blooded cattle pay. Tbey make beef quicker, and the cows gire more and richer milk. Better blood in horses pay. A Norman or part Norman colt is a valuable piece of property. To wash red table linen successfully, use tepid water with a little powdered borax, which serves to set the color; wash the linen separately and auisklv. nslne rery little

soap; rinse in tepid waters containing a little boiled starch, hang to dry in the shade and iron when almost dry. The Decorator and Furnisher says that met may be remored from eteel by corering the rusted part with oil or fat, letting it re main teveral hour, and then wiping ot with a soft cloth. Then rub with a mixture of two drachms of caustic soda and foar our, ces opodeldoc. Leave this on ten minutes and rub off dry. FARM KOTES. The best months for fattening steers and wethers are January, February aad March. Duricg serere cold weather the hog is more susceptible to cold than any other animal on the farm. In many sections of New England Western corn is being bought in large quantities and ed to sheep. It ia estimated that the arerage consump tion of wheat by each inhabitant of the United States is nearly six bushels. It has been estimated that more than onehalf cf the feed consumed by farm animals in our winter months is required to keep up the natural heat. The fifth annual National Agricultural Convention will be beld at New Orleans on February 20. The discussions will be open to all who wish to participate. Before despairing of the present low pries of farm prcdace, consider if there has not been a corresponding decrease in the price of the articles a farmer buys. The New Eagland Farmer is elated be cause the arerage corn vield of New Eo gland is reported at thirty-three bushels, while Illinois only reports thirty bushels. Early pullets will lay about this tioe. and it is well to observe whicn lay the earliest and keep it up. so as to be aole to select these as hens for breeding purposes. One egg in winter is often worth three or four in summer, and the poulterer who keeps bis hens in condition for winter laying will not be disappointed in the proata. Probably the best all purpose sheep is the offspring of tbe Merino ram and tbe Cotswold ewe, the fleece being both heary and fine and they themselves fair mutton eheep. A Kansas farmer who had nine bead of eheep put tbe money that came to him from the sale of mutton and wool into more eheep. In nine years he had 1,700 sheep. worth $5,0C0. The Colorado Lire Stock Record says: "We have it upon good authority that 2D.0C0 Bheep have, up to the present dato, gone from the southern counties of Colorado to Kinsas to feed for mutton." In nearly all cases such diseases as mange, scratches and itch are due to impurities of the blood, lience, in addition to the use of ointments as cures, a dose occasionally of i-tocneue salts win be beneficial. James W. Lockhart, of Lake George, recommends buying hens in April for eggs and chickens for summer visitors, in prefer ence to keeping fowls all winter at an un necessary expense, to non-residents. Ohio's crop of maple sugar last year was 1 'Jod.ot'O pounds and 5(J 1,103 gallons ot sirup, the product of 2 800,000 trees. The sogar brought from nina to twelre cents per pound, and tbe sirup about seventy-five cents per gallon. Whatever else yon may feed your eheep do not foret to mix in a little salt twice a week. There is nothing that keeps an animal's sys tem s welJ regulated, and seems to sharpen their appetite as well as a judicioas use of salt. One of the best places in ths world if one can not hare a green-house in which to keep rotes in the kitchen. There is always more or less, moisture in the air from the cooking, and as long as the air is moist the batter the growth of your roses. .Mutton sneep require much more care and attention than the Merinos, but es pecialiy the mutton breeds can not be herded in great nocks as can the Merinos. Yet where excellent attention can be paid, ai on well-cultivated farms, the profits are large. The following is the new remedy for black lei in cattle, and it is said to be excellent: Add to 100 pounds of salt ten pounds of sal' phur, six pounds copperas, three pound salt peter and three pirns of slaked lime. Mix and feed in the same manner as when feed ing rait iToleseor ll. .Muok, a worker of some emi nence in agricultural chemistry, stys that moderate muscular exercise on the part of cows increases the yield ot milk, but that violent motion hinders the process of milk secretion. Dairy farmers may turn his re marks to profit. An Indiana strawberry grower says that one nicht when frost threatened his crop. just then In bloom, nts eon and himself remained in tbe strawberry field till 4 a. m firing wood and then covering it with sods and earth to produce a smoke and keep off the frcst, with entire success. Tbe best fertilizer for an orchard is potash either in the form of wood ashes or as sulphate of potash. Trees, however, will be benefited by superthosDhata and manure. but tbe best results are obtained when potash is used is the principal Ingredient in the fer tilizers on the soil fjr an orchard. Plenty ot good feed and enough of exercise to keep the muscles firm Is tbe best treat ment of horses in winter. It is quite common for many farmers to underfeed ia winter, because they have little or nothing for horses to do. Bat a horse thus managed soon loses his capacity for hard service. The annual report of the Department of Agriculture, now in press, makes the record of corr production for 1884 at 1.725,000,000 bushels; wheat, 513 000.009 bushels, and oats, 583,000,000 bushels, which are tbe largest ever recorded. Tbe rate of yield ls 25.8 buehels corn, 13 bushels wheat, and 27.4 bushels oats. Tbe consumption of sugar In the United States is at present about 1,000.000 tons; our importations 900,000 tons, ten times the amount of our production. Should our pop ulation and consumption increase iu the fatare as in tbe past in fifteen years this coun try would consume annually 4,000, WO tons of sugar, an amount equal to the production of the whole world at the present time. Dr. Woods, of Albemarle County. Virginia, rays in the Southern Planter: "No one can have a No. 1 ham or bacon without having tbe right sort of a hog. perfectly fattened. I gire my hogs, when fattening especially, ai abundance of charcoal, burning coal kilns for tbe purpose; also gire them salt and ashes mixed, occasionally a little sulphur added. This treatment makes all of the organs of the

interior sound and healthy; Lence the flesh will be greatly mperisr to that of ho"! fat

tened in the usual careless mode." Tbe Wisconsin farmers are beginning to d'GCOverthat it does sot pay to kill the r calTfs. There are quite a number in the dairy business who are now ratting their calves, me indiscriminate killing oi inese young beasts has caused cows and other cattle to command exorbitant prices. OOmPROBLEMS. Onz readers are lamed to tarnish original enlg mas, charados, riddles, rebuses and other "knotty problems," addressing all oommunicattona relative to this department to K B, Chad bo urn, LewlrUm, Kala. No, 1097. Some Bcbaiei. 1. G A (I M) G 8 At dead of night these visions rise. They haunt me through the livelong ia-, I may their phantom shapes despise. Bat ne'er can keep them 11 r. Umclb Claude, 2. T I For want of tone this Is all I'll tellBut think you'll catch the meaning vreli. iL J i L. EN. G L (1) A (I) 8 S I'm with the fish. In waters deep. And in the mountains huge 1 sleep. IDLEWILD. Mo 1098. An A nagram. Hungry and kme, with empty purse, No work, and on his lips a curse Becauae he'a poor. The labored one are rich Indeed While he outside stands to In need. At last be comes, to tbeir surprise, Points to himself and loudly criea, "KlRC, BARB RIBS ARE LKFT. Oh, pity take. And give me work that 1 can make My living sure 1" All this was years aeo, and now Ibe highest honors crown his bro. USWSE. No. 1099. A Diamond. 1. o A letter. A boy's name. The leaf exclusive of its sheath in some grasses. 4. A thief. 5. Gray foxes found in the Russian Empi re. Belonging to Malacca. Incurring punishment. Kidney. A letter. Morsiko Stab. 7. 8. A No. 1100. A Charade. "If I build a mansion," said he, "One room in first shall be done. And however ornate the others shall be, Xbis will be tbe distinguished one. And yet my taste may be wrong: Other people tay thin it otherwise: Anl although the raacsion to me will belong, i win near what otheis aavise." His second was not tbe best. Though his crop had done well, he said His buciwbeat. his bariey and all tue rest And he raised enough weat for bread. His herds were all very fair - His hordes, his cows and his sbeep--uc hi labor, fatigue and ioceasaiit care Would scarcely allow him to steep. Hieh on tbe bright roll of fame The shining refulgent rollOn a ground of light is a radiant name, Whote home was my honored whole. As long sa freedom shall live, and men true greatness revere. That immortal name Khali a melody give To the heart, as well as the ear. Winston. No. 1101. An Enigma, I came on this errand to ask yon. as you teemaa historical "light," To obtain a mutoiotrtcil clew To a son of the Godless ot Nieht. Wbat wonderful filters this man had! While the distaff ot existence ooe take. The next draws, the other severs life's thread tot this they are called the three rates. The souls ot the wicked be guided Across tbe dark water so iell; Wi b Satan be poke as he elided His boat crossed the lerry to hell I You chance in his name but one vowel. To cet one ot the ancient Centaurs, Who needed In riding no rowel For he was half man and half horse. He physicked "Esculapin, "the leecher," Was preceptor to Achillea, too; Away to the sura flies this teacher To the constellation Sagitta, new. Attend to this, gentlemen and ladies. For, by changing a vowel, you see. This lerryman, trusted, of Hades Shines forth as a star o'er the sc. YrSllANTJ. No. 1102. A Charade Sentence and Ana grim, 1. An egotistical character. 2. A matter of taste. 3. A source of pleasant amuse ment. The answer transpose And see what it shows: 'Tis a falsehood too tbln "That a liar makes gin." NELS03IAN, No. 1103 A Double Acrostic, Primals On chilling belgLU, with dazzling form, 1 sit enthroned, and bee ton all; And legions meet disastrous fates, Wbo vainly strive to heed my call. . Finals. In name and history lamed am I, In politics, a weikht. On me no party d&ree to boast Lest next tbey come la fate; But mach I fear. I fuon must yield This palm unto the Empire etate. Cross-Words of Differing Lengths 1 a botcb-polc or mediey the roll Introduce; 1 am sought far and wide on any excuse; A lop and a food made of pastry I state; and, lastly, I'm small bat may grow to be great. Clem V. W. February's Fine Premium. "Zigzag Journeys in Clatsic Lands," elegantly printed on Cue paper, profusely illustrated and handsomely bound in cloth, will be presented the reader who sends the best let cf answeia to the "Knotty Problems" of February. Each week's solution should oe forwarded within six dsys after tbe date of the Sentinel containing the puzzles answered. Answers. 1083. Key. 1. Keys of a racsical instrumert. 2 Key of an arch. 3. Whis key. 1C84. Swedenborgianism. 1085. A Jady'a muff. 1086. In Diana (Indiana). 1087. Vic tim ize (eyes). 1088. Bargain. 1089. A second. It was when your business became so imperiled, impoverished and racked that yoa began to cry out for tbe liring Gcd. It was when the physicians had eiven yon up and yonr best friends bad bidden yon adieu that you btgan to think whether there was not, after all, some secret in religion you had not yet known, and some safety in piety of which yon bad been np to that time heedless. And so in many relations of life we hare found in extremity what we nerer found in prosperity, and our weakness has become our strength. And in the consolidation of our highest lifs we must remember that repose, not strife, is the last result of piety. We want most succor when we are most erTaaire. We are only half-trained and probably illtrained men, eo long aa we show signs of anxiety, fear, suspicion, apprehension about the future. Joseph Parker. Mast Stick to the Ullis Atlanta Constitution. The country is now safe. A Chicago Judge has just decided that when a ealeoukeeper advertises a free lunch. It must be free no matter whether the partakers thereof buy drinks or not Value the friendship of him who stands by yon In the s terra; swarms of insects will sue round yon in the sunshine.

MEN OF THE HOUR.

j

"CHINESE" GORDON. MAJOR GETIRAt CHARLES GÖRDEN. REPORTED TO BE A I'lUSOSEE IN THE AEMY 07 ZL MAHCI. The fall of Khartoum makes it probable tha the heroic Gordon has either been slain or is now a prisoner of war in tbe army of the victorious Mahdi. About a year ago he accept d the dangerous mission to attempt 'he re-establishment of regular au'i.jrity in the Soudan, which was il.e seat of the rebellion headed by 1 ilahau lie entered Khartoum, the chief city of the country, and assumed its govern ment. For the greater part of the time since then the city has been beseieed. It fell on the 26th ult, as is supposed in consequence of treachery within its walle. Major General C. G. Gordon was born la 1830, aiid was a younger on of fie late LieutensntGerersl Henry William Gordoa, K. A. lie was educated at Taunton and at Woolwich Military Academy. In the Crimean war he served with credit in the R?yal Engineers, and after the treaty of peace was b cned was one of the commissions to determine the new Russian fron-r-r. Jl's first visit to China was in ISO), fr'J ly his bold and jadicious conduct iu supporting the CbirJe?e Emperor eitamstthe Tai-pin rebels, he earned tbe thahks of both Eoglt- ti and Chinese Governments, as weil as t)- sobriquet "Chinese Gord'jn' by which l- h now universally known. Be die- plined tbe rude Cbkete coldiery, relieved fortified owns, dtove tbe Tai-piags beyond the Great Canal and effectually suppressed the great rebellion. In the previous war, which ended with the occupation of Pekin and the destruction of tbe änmmer Palace, he had alto taken an active oart. The highest military honors were bestowed upon him by the Chinese Emp'ior, but the rather inadtqeate reward of his own Government was only a commission asColnnel. After tilling the post of Commanding Royal Engineer at Gravececd (ISCö), and of British ViceConsul at the Danube Delta, his presence in Egypt was earnestly requested by the late Khedive, Itmall Pasha. The condition or Egyptian affairs was in some points eren worse then than it is to-day. The aim of the Khedire was, through Gordon, to put down the infamous slave trade and to re-establish bis own waning power. "With the help of God," laid General Gordon on as Burning command, "I will hold the balance level." His first act was to red nee his own pay from 10,000 ;o 2.000. For fire years, at Tvbartoum, on tbe White Nile, around the L.akes, and in Darfout and Cordova, he worked with the most indefatigable zeal, disregarding personal exposure, fatigue and daDger. The slave trade was in part suppressed, and tte country became far more quiet and orderly than it has been since or wts for years before. Tbe reputation for ju&t'ce and humanity soon gained by Gordon among the natives was the real source of his strength, and the belief of the British Government in his popularity with the natives is the principal reason of his present mits'on. Tbe present Khedive.Tew fik Paha, has never btea favorably disposed to Gordon, and three years ago the latter resigned his office Since tben he has served in turn in India with Lord Ripon, in the Mauritius and in the B.suto War at the Cape. Of late he has been engaged in archaeological and similar studies in Jerusalem. He had come to London with a view of assumiBg leadership of the scheme for opening the Congo River to commerce nnder the auspices of the association of which the King of tbe Belgians is the head, when the gravity of the Egyptian crisis caused tha English Government to eagerly and insistently force upon him ths mission now terminated by his capture or death A Good Judicial Joke. (The Independtnt.1 On one of the official excursions in tbs Chesapeake -waters, when Chief Justie Waite, Judge Hall and other judicial pe -- eons were present, tbeir passage grew very rough and Judge Hall became violently ill. As be was meaning in bis agony the Chief Justice said: ' My dear HalU can I do anything for you? Suggest wbat yon wish." ,I wish," eaid the seasick man, "I wish fiat your Honor would overrule this motion." Why Hevada Chickens Merer Become Hen. ISan FraLC'sco Alta.1 The Nevada gold seekers have discovered a new me for fowls. The bens are picketed, and, being hungry, begin to scratch and eat. After three or four days' honest toil they are killed and tbeir craws examined for sold. As much as $8 bas been found in one craw. Overproduction la Funeral Goods. Cincinnati Commercial Gazette. Atdnowit arpears tbere is an ortrodnction of comns, and the exborbitant prices hitherto charged are threatened with destination. What next? Captain Mitchell, of tbe bark Antoice Sala, New York and Havana trade, came home In May, entirely helpless with rheu matism. He went to the mountains, but re ceiving no beneht,at his wife s request began to take Hood's Sarsaparilla. lie Immedi ately bepan to i to prove: in two months his rheumatism was all cone, and he sailed in command of his vessel a well man. Hood's EarEaparilla will help you. Bold by all druggists. The Probable Vf hy. Chicago News. "Madam, can you tell me why two women always stop in the middle of a street crossing to talkf ' "I suppose they do it for the same reason that a man rnns at the top of his speed to get across the track in front ol a train f cars, and then stands and watches tbe train go by." The gentleman changed the subject. No Loot; Words. There is no call to nse long words in speaking of Parker's Tonic. It sells on ita merits and cures by its virtnes. No family can make a mistake by keeping a bottle in the bouse. For coughs, colds and all troubles of the bowels, stomach, liter and kidneys, it is exactly wbat yon want. For yourself, yonr wife and childen.

R. R. Radways Ready Relief! The Cheapest and Best Medicine FGB F1BILT BSE 18 THE WORLD CURES AND PRETEN KJ Coughs, Cclds, Sora Threat Hoarseness, Inflammation, Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Headache, Tcothacho, Diphtheria, Influenza, Difficult Breatfcina, It was the Hist and la the only REMEDY

That Instantly topt tbe moat excrudn pains IIa 7 lu2mmatlon end rare Congestions, whether oi the Lungs, biomaca, Bowels er o ihj glands or organs, by one application. In Fron One to Twenty Jilinuteu Ho matter how violent or excruciating the paici the Rheumatic, Bed-ridden, Infirm, CrlrploC) Nerrons, Keoraliflc ox prottreted wit illnfei cam rofiex. RADWAY'S READY RELIE7 WILL AFFORD INST AKT EASB Inflam nation of the Kidneys. Ingammstlon 1 the Bladder, Inflammstlon of the Bowels, Oongea tlon of the Lungs, Palpitation of the Beart, Ure terica, Croup, Diphtheria, Catarrh, Influenae Kervousnefs, EieeplescnesB, Eheumatloa, Sdatic Pains In the Chest, Back or Limbs, Brolsee. Bprmins, Cold Chills and Ague Chili. The application ol the UEAUY BZLIEVta the part or part whire the difficulty or pain ex lsts will afford ease and comfort. Thirty to sixty drops In half a tumbler of watea will in a few minutes cure Cramps, cjparaia, 8onx Stomach, Heartburn, Sick Eeadache, Diarrhea Dysentery, Co He. inä In the Bowels, and all In ternal pains. Travelers should always carry a bottle o! EadW7'a Beady Belief with tb em. A few drops 13 watet wül prevent sickness or pains iron char.gj of water, it Is better than French Brandy or Litten as a stimulant. Wi A LA R ! A, In Its Various Forms, FEVER and AGUE. FXYZK and AGIT enred ior M cents. There ti not a remedial agent in the world that wi:i errs Fever and Ague and all othe. Malarlons, Rlüonv Bcarlet, and other Ferere (alued by BADWaT f ILLo) so quickly as RADWAV8 KRADT RELIEF. Titty Cents Per Bottle, gold by all Drag, gists. DR. RADWAY'S Sarsapariiiian Resoiieni. Pure blood make onnd flesh, strong bone anf a clear skin. If yoa woald hare yonr Cash flrr your bones sound, rlttout carles, and your cora plexlon fair, nse aaLWATS SABS AFA BLLL1 AJ BILSOLVENT the Great Blood Purifier. b'ALSB AND TRUE. We extract from Dr. Kaaway s Treatise on Disease and Its Cure," as follows: List ol dlseasiJ cured by DB. BAUWAV8 SAJESAFABILtlilAK BESOLVEZra Chronic i kin dlseaa, caries of the bone, humor of the blood, scrofulous diseases, srpbilitio corplaints, feyer sores, chronic or old ulcers, salt rheum, rickets, white swelling scald head, cankers, glandular swellings, nod as, wasting and d cay of the body, pimples and blotchea, tnmojt, dyspepsia, kidney and bladder diseases, chronie rheumaUa ua ua consumption, gravel and calculous deposits, and varieties of the a be? a complaints, to which tome tiro es are given spec Ions names. In cases were the system has beea salivated, and mnrcury bas accumulated and b come deposited in tbe bones, JolntB, etc.. caaslnj carles oi the bones, tickets, spinal curvatures, oon tort Ion, white swellings, varicose veins, eta, tha Barsaparlllla will reeoWe away those deposits anS) exterminate the virus of the disease from tha system. i GEM! COHSlTTüflOHAL EEMEDI 6 kin diseases, ram or, ulcers and sores olaQ kinds, particularly chronic diseases of the stlare cured with great certainty by a course of Da BADWAT8 BA BS AP A RlLLI AN. We mean obstinate fairs that have resisted all other treatment. SCROFULA Whether transmitted rrom parents or acquired, t Within the curative range oi the SAESAPABILLLiN RESOLVENT. It poweasea the same wonderful power in cvtnS) the worst forms of strumous and eruptive discharges, syphiloid ulcers, sores of the eyes, ears, nose, month, throat, glands, exterminating tha virus of these chronic forms of diseaes from the blood, bones, Joints, and in every part of He ba man body where there exists diseased posäta, nlceratlona, tnmors, hard lnmps or crofolonj lr Cammation, this great and powerful remedy will exterminate rapidly and permanently. One bottle contains more ol the active prtno pies of medicine thsn any other preparation. Taken In teasponful doses, while others requlrf fire or six times as much. ONI" DOLLAB Pk3 BOTTLE. Bold by druggisa. DR. RADV7AV3 REGULATING PILLS The Great Liver and Stosaeb Henefi). Perfectly '. tasteless, elegantly coated ; purgs regulate, purify, cleanse and strengthen Dr. Badway's rMs, for the rare ot eU disorders ol the Stomach, liver, Bowels, Kidneys Bladder, Hervoua Dleeaiea, Loss of Appetiten Headache, Constipation, Costivenee", Indigestion Dyspepsia, Bliloasnem, Fever, Inflammation oj the Bowels, Piles, and all derancements of tbe Ir tcrbal viscera. Purely vegetable, containlna m mercury, mineral, or deleterious drags. Price 85 Cent Per Box. Bold by all dxuzglsta, DYSPEPSIA Kadmr1 Beraaparllllan, aided by Badway's Pills, U i cure for this complaint It restores strength to the stomach, and makes It perform ita foncuona Tbe symptoms of dyspepsia disappear, and with them tht liability of the system to con tract diseases. Take the medicine according ia the direction, and obeerre what we say In "False and True" respecting diet Road Falso and Truo." Bend a letter stamp to KADWAT A CO., 50. ti Warren street Dew York. Inlarmatloa wortJI thousands wm be sent to yon. TO TUB PUBLIC sjstbs lure and aak fox adwaya, aaf sat tts taaaaxaa "Badwar! is aa what yas kui