Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 30, Number 32, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 September 1884 — Page 6

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 10- 1HS4.

OUR FAR2I BUDGET.

The KIjjjj of the riongli Experiments in Corn Culture. Proportion of Moat to Fooi-Pra-paring the Soil Real Disinfectants. Painting Shingled KooN Efficiency or I-lshtniDS Rods A Valuable- Suggestion Household Hints and l'aria Notes. The King of the Plough. F.X PAXb HAYSE. Tbe sword is resheatbed In its. scabbard, The r:lle tans safe on the ; Ko lonaer we quiil at the hungry. Hot rush of me ravenous call The war-cloud has nurlod i'A last lightning, lt last awful thunders are fi'i!!, "While the demon of conlilct in Hades Kies feueret in force as in will; iove trie broad Cells that he ravaged, Wtat monarch rules blissful govt': 01, crown hirn with bys that are bloodle-s The ting, the brave tin; of the plou;h.' Throczh the shadow and shine of past 503 (While tyianu are blinded with blood) He resred the pure erni0'n of Ceres Ey meadow, and mountain and Hood And the Ions, leafy gold of his harvests The earth sprues and airspruei had spun. Crew rnytbiulc wnen swept by the breezes, Grew royal when kissed by the sun: Before the stern charm of bis patience, wr.at rock-footed forces must bow! Come crown hira with corn-leaf and wheatlcaf The kiaj, the bold kins of the plough! Throcgh valleys of balm-dropping myrtles, ly t anks of Arcadian streams ; Where the wind soni are set to the mystic Mild murmur of passionless dreams; Oa the storm-haunted uplands of Tmile, By ii e circled Hoods and tloos. Aiifce speeds the spell of hu godaood, 1 he bloom cf his heritage glows. A monarch! yea, more than a monarch. All climes to his prowess must bow: Come, crown him with bays that are stainlcs3 The kinj, the brave king ol the plough ! Far, far In earth's uttermost future. As Loundiess, of splendor as scope, 1 see tne fair anjrtl Fruition, Outspread his hi.th herald of hope". Tre ro?s of jiy rai .1 around hirn, Tbe iil.e3 of sweeme-s and calm. Tor the sword has been changed 10 the plous'aare, The iiou Ilea down wUh taeUoio. O a nyel ins c-tic t we know taee, Though raise I and transa :ured art thou This ir:ü of d e's erin l coLsrisimstion Wts ei.ee the sa.-t king o tue p.ouh. 1. .piii:i ents lit Corn Culture. 'Country Ccuilecaa. yield experiments are often performed by active farmeis to determine the be?t raodea for cultivating crop3, but unfortunately taey nearly aiways omit other modes side by siilj to dettri'iiue by comparison or contract tho comparative advantages of thj best. A fammer thinks te has found aa improved" way, for instance, in the cultivation and nanegemeEt c Lis corn crop, and ha applies the new treatment to the wfcole tield, iusieaJ cf trying both nro'Jes siJa by side, an 1 measuring the product of each. We often meet with cultivators who are satiated that re peated horse-culiivatioa of their corn crops increased the prcdnct. as compared with only one or two thorough dressings; but O what extent this inctease has been made is mere conjecture. ikme have placed it by guess S3 high as twenty bushels more to the acre, and under the most favorable circumstances' this amount ia probably not an overestimate. But distinct and accarate facta are wanted, and fortunately they are easily obtained. Let any farmer who has planted Iiis corn count oil' in separate parcels as many rosrs as he devotes to a row ot shocks; they may be counted olf in fives or in sevens, aa may bo preferred in harvesting the crop. Urive stakes or set other marks, sd that each set cf rows may be kept separate in cultivating. One Bet of these strips ia to be kept constantly mellow by passing the horse cultivator every five days, the others by cultivating cr hoeing just often enough to keep the crop tolerably free of weeds. He may, if he chooses, devote one or two spaces to trying the eh'ect of "hilling'' the corn, as compared with flat culture. A record should be kept of each. "When the time arrives for cutting up tho corn and placing it in shocks, all that is requisite is to observe from the record and the stakes the different strips or portions, so as to keep them distinctly separate. When these rows ot shocks are separately husked, each row is carefully weighed or accurately measured, and the amount noted on the record. Here then will be a lesson, or a piece of practical information, right before his eyes, telling him how much he ha3 gained by the continued and mellow cultivation, and how much he haa lest by omitting it, and what ia the comparative value of hilling. He may also estimate the greater time required tor the frequent cultivation as compared with the neglected treatment, and sea how much net profit he haa gained in the increased crop. From the results which we have occasionally witnessed in frequent tillage, we have no doubt many farmers would be surprised at the rate of increase. An hoar or two of extra time given in keeping these accounts with a single field will probably give the owner a knowledge of facts worth hundreds of dollars to him in the long run. It is important that there be no half-way 'work, in the experiment, and that the cultivation ot the corn be continued from the time of the first harrowing, before the young plants have made their appearance, till they have grown tall enough to overtop the back cf the hcrse employed in the cultivation. Proportion of Meat to Food. J Prairie Farmer. Some American stockmen are now exercising great care in determining the exact quantity of food consumed to produce a given increase of live weight in animals, and also the relative proportions of meat to offal. Tbe fat stock shows at Chicago have done much to stimulate experiments in this direction, and will do much more. Some of the agricultural experiment stations are engaged in this special work. A general conclusion thuu far ia that well-bred, moderately fattened oxen should yield fifty-eight to sixty pounds of dressed carctss to 100 pounds of live weight: while an excessively fat ox may give from C3 up to even 70 per cant. Moderately fattened shorn sheep should dress 53 per cent, of the live weight; excessively fat a3 high as C3 per cent. The relation of the dressed tt the live weight is so well understood by batchers wha bay beef cattle in tbe great New York markets that the sales and prices are there based upan the dressed weight of the four quarters. Thus, if good quality cattle are reported at 10 cents it means so much per pound for v.hat the four quarters will weigh. An old rule is that that the forty-two pounds ef otlal that is the hide, loose tallow, heal, heart, leg3, etc., will pay the butcher well for killing and dressing. Thus, a lively bullock that will turn the scales at 1170 pounds will give about 850 pounds in the quarters, in which form they would ba worth $i5 at 10 cents per pound. If the same weight animal dresses sixty-two pounds to the 100 then there would be Oil pounds to tbe quarters, and the buyer could pay 'Jl for the animahand his carcass would still stand him only ten cents per pound. In that market, while the beef cattle are usually sold at so much a head for a certain lot, the buyer, In making up his offer, estimates for both the live rate and the percentage that they will dress though the scales are more resorted to than in former years and then the purchaser makes an offer based upon the dressed percentage. Bat a feeder needs to make far more careful estimates, or weighings, to know how much feed (and its cost) he is using from day to day to secure the increase of weight each of his animals is xnakicg. This will lead to the inquiry whether other feed, or a comDination of feed, may not produce like results with lesi expense and more profit. It will lead to another observation also as to the comparative values of different breeds and grades as machines for changing feed into meat.

Preparing the Soil. . I Western Rural, In this, the foundation of all grape-grow-injr. says an authority, the vineyardist must also Icok to the condition in which he rinds the soil. Should it be free ot stones, stumps and ether obstructions, the plow and sub soil plow will be all-sufiicient. Should your soil te new, perhaps a piece of wild forest land, have it carefully grubbed, and every tree aud stnnip taken oat by the roots. After the ground is cleared, take a lare breakin;plow, with three yoke of sturdy oxen, and plow as deep as you chu, say twelve to fourteen mete?. Now follow in the sama farrow with an implement we call here a sub-soil stirrer, and which 13 simply a plow-share of wedge-shape, running in the bottom of the furrow, and a strong coulter ruining up from it through the beam of the plow, sharp in front, to cut the roots; the depth of the furrow i9 regulated by a movable wheel runninz in front, which can ba set by a screw. With two yoke of oxen this will loesen to the depth cf, aay, .treaty inches, which is sufficient, unless the subsoil is very tenacious. In laod already cul

tivated, where there are no roots to obstruct, two yoke of oxen or four horses attached to the plow, and one yoke ot oxen or a pair of horjes or males to the snb-soil plow, will be sufficient. In stony soil the pick and shovel must take the place ot the plow, aa it would be impossible to work it thoroughly with the latter; but I thiak there is no advantage in the common method of trenching or inverting the soil, 83 is now practiced to a very great extent. If we examine the growth of our native vines we will generally find their roots extending along the surface of the soil. It is unnatural to soppose that thegrape,th9 mo3tsun-lo7ing of all our plants, should be buried with its roots several feet below the surface of the soil, far beyond the reach of enn and air. Thereiore, "if you can afford it. work your soil deep and thoroughly ; it will be labor well invested; is the best preventive against drouth, and also the best drainage in wet weather, but have it in it3 naturil position; not invert it, and do not plant too deep. Should the soil be very poor.it may be enriched by manure, a3he3, bone du3t, etc. ; but it will seldom be found necssary, as mo?t of our soil ia rich enough; and it ia not advisable to stimulate the growth too muc'j, es it will be rank and unhealthy and injurious to the quality and llavor of the fruit. Painting Shingled Roofs. More shingle roof3 are painted now than ever before in the history ot building in tais country. It is mostly seen in cities and suburban towr s, although in tbo country it is by ro meats rare. C'onsiderablo inquiry has led to the onclnsion that many have their ror fs painted to add to their appearance, hich in many cases it certainly does, while others labor under the inipreiioa that the pmnt acts as a preservative to th9 shingle?. The latter ara probably, r:;ht, provided the piint is renewed as oüen ai it needs to be. If the roof is allowed to remain with the psint partly worn 01F tne shingles will retain ioore rWistur?, a;id ror.se lucntly de cay ffonrr than they would wero they not painted at all. ta-j score ot durability, however, little can be gained in cost by paifctins: A good shingle roof unpaintcd will lact a creat many years, end the expjae of painting it a few tinies would replaci it. One pointer" who had painted the roof of his own hou-ie, when questioned by a repre sedative of The Lumberman, U3ed gool I021C from his stai.dpoiut He thought thdt painting a roof would aid somewhat to it length ct life1. 41 You se," he said, "tnn I Lave painted mine. I do for mvi-elf what I Jesire to do tor other. Ii I did not, thrä in üuecce would be bad." r,'t!iclenry of Lilitning-lioN, rrofe?sr Mohn, of Christiania, Norway, having been employed by the Government to investigate the ethciency ot the protection afforded to buildings bv lightning-ro 13, seems to have subnantially settled the much-debated question, at least for that region of country. His report shows that lighthouses, telegraph stations, and other exposed buildings, which were provided with conductors, did not by far suffer as much as churches, which in most cases were unpro tected. It appears, in fact, that of about obout one hundred churches reported to have been struck by lightning, only three were provided with conductors; that of these three the first had a conductor in good order, and the building was uninjured; the second had a conductor ot zinc wire, which melted, and, of course, left the structure without pro tection; the third had a wire which was rusty where it joined the earth, and the church was burned. More than one-half the number of churches struck were totally de stroyeu. lr. treece, the jngiish government electrician, states that no damage has occurred to telegraph poles since the pran tice was adopted of providing them with lightning-rods or earth wires. A Valuable Suggestion. More rattle, sheep and pisrs have been killed by lightning in England this season than usual, as the weather has been remark ably warm. A London paper commenting on the fact says: Animals are said to suffer more frequently than men, a fact which may perhaps be explained by the greater number of thera exposed to storms. Certainly a deal of mischief haa befallen animal3 this year. and though we have seemingly a day or two's respite from thunderstorms, we may yet ex pect more. An opinion expressed by Mr. Attheld, rrofessor of Chemistry to the I nar maceutical Society, is worthy of consider" tion in this connection. This gentleman thinks that it is a wholly unnecessary waste to bury animals killed by lightning, as is co mn? only done. Sheep or bullocks found aeaa alter a storm, are not In tact always killed by lightning, but in some cases very probably by violent concussion of the air consequent on the dncharge. Cat even if killed by electricity, the carcass i3 not in ths slightest degree injured as food, and Mr. Attfield thinks that if the animals were dealt with by just the crdinary flaughterini process at once, and before the coagulation of the blood, there would not be the slightest reason why they should not be U3ei as f ool Whre they are not immediately f ound, or can not be promptly attended to, of course the cfasa is different. flOl'SKUObU HINTS. To destroy red ants take a large, coarse sponse, saturate it with warm water aud press it dry, then sprintcle it over with tine pulverized sugar and place it whera the anta are troublesome. Tliey willsom collect upin the sponge and get into the cells. Then dip tbe sponge into scalding water, which will kill them. Wash out the sponge and rapeat the proce.'S. By this means you will soon bs entirely rid of them. A meet excellent pudding is raa3e by stewingone pound of prune3 until they are so tender that the stones may be removed without difficulty. Take one quart of sweet milk and subtract a toacupful; into this stir enough flour to make it like thick paste, then mix it with the rest of the milk; beat fjur eggs very light and add, and lastilystir in the prunes, over which you have first sifted a little flour. Boil or steam for two hours. Serve hot, with some highly flavored sauce; yanllla or wine sauce is preferred. Cucumbers peeled and boiled until soft are served with chickens roasted. Season the cucumbers just aa you do summer squash and add a very little sweet cream. Serve in a vegetable dish or put around the chicken on the platter as a garnish. A delicious pudding is made in this way: Chop a pineapple quite fine; take some cake which is a little dry rub it fine in your bands; or crush it on a Kneading board; put it it into a pudding dish in alternate layers vrith the pineapple, sweeten abundantly, moisten with cold water, and bake in a moderate oven for an hour and threequarters. To insure success in making gooseberry pie, stew the berries in as little water as it is possible to use. When the berries begin to be tender mash them with a spoon, then you will preserve the richness of the juice and will not have to throw any of it away.

Sweeten with light brown sugar and bake

I with two crusts. To Can Grapes. rick them carefally from the stems, taking care not to tear the skins much; put them in a porcelain kettle with a little water, stir them very carefa'ly, and only enough to make sure that they are well heated through, then put them in the cans. The pulp will then be whole and the sauce cot ail seeds and skin3. Spiced Grape3. To every pound ot fruit allow one-half paun l of suar, one put of vinegar, two tahlespoonf als of cinnamon and cloves and one tablespoonful of allspice. Cook pulp and skin separately skins until tender and pulp until soft and seed by running through the colanders, l'at pulp and skins together, and vinegar, sugar and sp'css (the latter in a bag), and cook until of right consistency. Spiced Onions. One quart of good apple vinegar, two cups of sugar, one teaspoonful each of cloves, allspice and pepper, blica porno nice onions, and put them in a gallon jar with just a little salt sprinkled over each layer ot onions. Scald your vinegar with the spices, and turn over the onions while hot. Let it stand twenty-four hours, drain off, scald and turn over them again. They will be ready for the table in three or four days, and are nice with all kinds of meat. The Rubber Rings. The rubber rings used to assist in keeping the air from fruit cans sometimes becomes so dry and brittle a3 to ba almost useless. They can be restored to a normal condition usually by letting them lie in water in which yoa have put a little ammonia. Mix in this proportion: One part ammonia and two parts water. Sometimes they do not need to lie in this more than live minutes, but frequently a half hour is needed tn restore their elasticity. Teach Cake. Bake three sheets of spona cake as for jelly cake; cut nice ripe peaches in thin slices; prepare errata by whipping, sweetening and adding flavor of vanilla, it j 1 J. . , 1 I A I. uesirtu; put layers 01 pacuea uciwkm me sheets of cake: pour cream over each layer and over the top. To be eaten soon after it is prepared. To l'reserve Crab Apples. Sort your apples and the perfect ones put by themselves, trim the stem (leaving about on inch on the apple) and scrape out the blosacm end, wash them, put in a porcelain or other preserve kettle, cover with waier, cook until yon can run a straw through, skim out and weigh; to each pons d take a pound ofsugnranda cup of water, boil and skim, put in the apples a?d toil until clear, skim out, boil the iirup a few minotes, then pour over the spples. The water the apples weie boiled m first niei'ure, and to each pint put a pound o! white suar, boil an Lo ir, and it uiakis a beautiful jelly. Cut the worm holes and other bad places fro n the poor apple?, Icil and jam through a colander, ad iing sugar same weight, and cocking until thick. Chicken Mcyonnil?. Take as nnny chicktns as are wanted for th bulk of your salad; boil theru until sallieieutly cixikid; then taka them out and remove all thetlesh, beirg careful to reject all bones and skin Cat into sizable cur-e aDd put them into a deep dish; season with salt, pepp?r, oil and vinegar, and let them remain tome hoars in the pickle, l'at into u silid bowl about ter o tinier as ranch lettuce as you have chicken, which latter put into tha center of the lettuce, covering it with Mayonnaise dress it g. garnished with bitbs of le:tuo, hard-bJiled rggs, olive?, capers aad biets, etc., cut in symmeterical shapes. Tomato Salad wi'.h Water Cress, Take equal parts of peeled sl:ctd tomatoes and water eres, and dresa each in a separate bowl with salt, white pepper, a dash of cay enne, oil and vinegar. Let the dressing reach thoroughly all of the vegetables, and after each bowl has ttood for five uiinute3 mil them well together cad let the combination stand for a few moments before serving. The tomatoes being rather Hat and the cress sharp, each supplies what the other reeds. If pains are takea the re3ult is delicious. Cleaning Silk and Satin. To clean silk or Eatin dresses it is well to take out the sleeves, and separate the skirt from the bodies or waistband. Have two earthenware vessels which will hold about two gallons each, and put half a gallon of camphene into each. Soak the bodice in the first pan, and when wetted lay it on the cleaning-board wrong side up. "With one of the scouring prushes clean the lining first, then turn and clean the outside as fast as possible. Plunge it again into the lirst pan. Take it up and allow some liquor to run off. Plunge it in the second, and drain for a few minutes over the latter. Turn the plain tide of the cleaning board, spread a clean sheet out on it. take the bodice, which has been well dipped, and lay it down smoothly, allowing no crumpling; rub well witi clean India cotton cloth till dry. Treat tin sleeves, then the skirt, as far as possible in the same way. Hangup in a hot room for twelve hours to take oil the smell of the camphene. Silfi dresses are more effectively cleaned when the breadths are separated. In such a case tbe cost of camphene may be saved by substituting soap, but several pans of cold water must be ready at hand, as not more than five minutes should be spent over each breadth, from lirst to last, or it will have an unmistakably washed instead of cleaned appearance. Never brush silks or satins across the width, as doing so causes them to fray out and spoil3 them for remaking. Dissolve two pounds cf soap in two gallons of boiling water: use when cold. Have four pans of cold water, with four pails of water in each. Into each of these put a small quantity of dissolved scap, making a weak liquor. Into another dissolve a quarter of a pound of tartaric acid for spiriting. The other two pans are for rinsing. Spread a width wrong side upward upon a scouring board, being careful that the latter is quite clean. Pour over it suflicient of the dissolved soap to wet it throughly, and well brush it, lengthwise, with a soft brush; thn turn and treat the right side in the same way. Pass the Bilk through the thin soap liquor; then in one, and then in the other of two rinsing pans. Handle it well in the spiriting pan, and take it up to drain. Havd the board and clean sheet as in the cam phene method, and dry with clean clothes. After all the breadths are done, not more than live minutes being scent over each, they must be finished in a frame, or on the stuffed board, one by one. Most silks require a little, stiffening, which is the last process. For black sites and satins a size made of eld black kid gloves is excellent, and as these are the most useless of all a lady's possessions when no longer fit to wear, it is comforting to be able t turn thetn to account. The gloves are to be cut up into small pieces, put into a vessel of cold water, a stone jar or porcelain-lined saucepan, and very slowly simmered for an hour or two, or until the quantity of water is reduced to one-balf; strain through fine muslin and use warm, but not hot. Another size, that usually applied by dyers, is made of parchment shavings or cutting?, washed, cleaned and simmered Elowly like the gloves, one pound of parchment to four quarts of water boiled to two quarts and strained. One teaenpf ul of this to a quart of water is enough for silk finishing. Take the board with tne staffed covering, lay on it one of the cleaned breadths fiat, no wrinkles. Sponge it carefully and eyenly with the size and water. Pin down the two ends of the silk on the board, then the two sides. Two people are required for this process, as the silk must be well stretched. Pins about an Inch apart. Rub once more with the damp spoBge and dry before a brisk fire. Textiles which are a mixture of silk and wool may be strained on the board, but no size is needed. Cotton materials to be ironed on the wrong side; a box-iron, being the cleanest, is recommended. Satin sometimes requires to be ironed on the wrong side after being taken off the frame, to give it brightness. FARM NOTES. It is said that the development of flavor can be hastened by subjecting the cheese to a strong current of air. The Caver is developed by the p rocess of oxidation. It the

cheese is kedt in too close air during the x rocess of curing it will ba likely to be deficient in flavor. Mnsty food is not safe, as mvny diseases may be traced t the nse of such. If farm implements can not be palated brush them over occasionally with crude petroleum. Land that is not thoroughly drained will not pasture sheep without inducing the appearance of foot-rot.

The increase in the area of tobacco in Kentucky has been effected in many ca3es at the expense of the area in hemp. A teaspoonful of sa.tpeter dissolved in a gallon of water has been recommended for killiDg rosebugs on erapevines. An occasional sprinkling of water oa the celery plants will help them during this month, a3 they require quite an amount of moisture. Tomatoes raised on a poor, light soil will have less growth than those raided on rich soil, but the tomatoes will ripen a wee"- or ten days Eooner. Unless a crop of corn is a good one it will not pay, but it is a crop which is more completely under the control of the farmer, as far as cultivation is concerned, than aay other. Fifteen Southdown ewes raised twentyone lambs this year for Joseph A. Kline, President of the llousatonic Agricultural Society in Missacusetts. Dropped in January, and sold in April, they netted over fl'bO. George "W, Yfalz writes to the Fruit Recorder that ha has boiled leaves and stems of tomato plants until the juice is all extracted, and finds the liquor deadly to caterpillars, lice aui many other enemies of vegetation. The melon rrowers of Georgia have formed a pcol for ths ?ale of their prodacts, with headquarters at Atlanta. No melons will be shipped until a market has been found for them. Eight thousand carloads were shipped North last year. A Western beekeeper thinks sugar the bet bee feed, as the honey from such ha-s the advantage of not being mixed with pollen, whsch he believes causes dysentery among the bees in winter. A daub cf tar on the noses of sheep is an effective preventive against the attacts of annoving ;rrubs. The sheep trrub is not al ways fatal, bat vcrv disagreeable, and doubtless uaa a raa enecioa me general neaisu ui the animal. One of th advantages of sowing salt on wheat is thtit i. partially preveuti freezing of the soil, thereby oüviatiag the dis lodging cf the plan's by uoheava!, as a lower ternj-emture is cround that has been reouired to freez3 salted than that not salted. Tbe Gninea fowl is a great destroyer of noxious insects and their larvio. They are e f a very rambling disposition, hence their ev3 should be tnsced under t ens lor hatch' ii g. The young ores feather very rapidly, and censtquently should bo led oiten. In l.-sa Great Britaiu imported 4!l.O)O,0O0 ponndi of sheep's wool, greiv HiS i.'j.),ujO pounds, and imported alpica, mohair, etc.. to the amount of over 100.0 DO.O JO pound. The product of -!.,öO0,00O xounds, or about 40" i per cent, o: ail this, was imported. Sometimes surplus milk may be profitably fed to cows, though i: is not easy to teach au old cowtodnck it, except those cows, al ways extra milkers, that never refuse any kind of food. The milk fed to cows should not be soured, is it will aflect what they are producing. Salt is being used freely by certain New York nurserymen in theT pear nurseries, for the purpose of counteracting blight. Iren filings and copperas in solution have been used for the same purpose. If the3e remedies do not prevent the disease, they at least correct a disposition to blight. The analysis of a plant is at be3t but a faint guide for the application of fertilizers, as 6oiis varv in composition in uiuerent recions to a far greater extent than could be eilected by trtilicial means. Prescribing doses, therefore, for soils to suit certain plants has long since been found entirely fallacious. Many of the most desirable qualities of animals have been made inherent by In breeding, vet. unless practiced bv a very ex perienced breeder, in-breeding should be avoided. It ia not necessary, however, to cross different breeds in order to mingle blood dissimilar, but resort may be had to several families of the same breed. Sheep raising, as conducted in England, is much more thorough and judicious than In our country, but we are learning. A breeder of Hampshire Downs, in Kent, Kogland, Im S'JO Iambs from ."00 ewes this season without the los3 of one, and three years ago had 112 lambs from Ö21 ewe3, without losing a ewe in tne preceding winter. A writer, speaking of the economic meth ods of sheep leeding, estimates the allow ance of corn for one sheep at three-quarters of one pound each day, stating that on this quanty of grain and suflicient grazing or hav sheep wiil gain in condition and fatted. This in New York State, where dry feed is used lor several months in the year. The shrinkage in weight of cattle after be ing placed on grass in the spring is well known to experienced grazers, but we have found intelligent farmers who were not aware that this was the rule. If more grain or hay is fed for a few days after the cattle are put out on grass the tendency to lose weight may be counteracted. It is otten wiser to keep fa'ening cattle on dry feed in the spring, eyen though it be desired to keep them two or three weeks alter the grass is in good condition. When the system of the cattle has became accustomed to the change the grain is often remarkably great. At no season in the year r re so great pains usually made aa during Jpr.e. Dreeder s Gazette. It requires 100 bushels of good sized onions to set an acre of ground for growing seed. The r est success is secured by setting last be fore tbe ground freezes up in the fall, and covering six or seven inches, ridging up over the roots, so tbat though frozen they will be diy. They are occasionally, though not ofien, ir.jured by excessive freezing and thawing. Professor Arnold states that it costs more to make milk from old cows than it does from young ones having the same milk pro ducing capaciiy. The period of profitable milking does not terminate at the same age with all cows alike. Some holdout longer than others, but as a rule, the best effects do rot reach beyond the eighth year of the cow's age. It is claimed tbat a flock of sheep can he made more prolific by selection. In tbis way tbe Sbropshires have been improved so as to bring forth a greater number of lambs annually. The twin lambs are selected as breeders, and gradually the breed has become more prolific until each ewe, taking a flock as a whole, produces one and a half lambs per year. An Australian paper says: A lamb, dropped at Woorvoma, Province of Victoria, in April, and shorn on the 12th of September, gave six pounds of very fine wool, belly trimmings not included. Iiis girth behind the shoulders was inches; he measured 43? inches from the top of the head behind the horns to the butt of the tail. He palled the scale down at 100 pounds. It is claimed by an experienced horticulturist that there is nothing equal to the little and often system of pruning, or rather pinching. The soft young shoots can be easily removed by the finger and thumb, and tbe pruning, instead of being confined to a single period, extends throughout the whole season, or whenever a shoot is noticed that demands pruning. Most English farmers who have used silage as food for cows declare tbat the result has been either an increased production of milk or superior richness of cream, or both. All, however, UEe some' dry food with ensilage, and some use roots also. One gentleman fed two bullocks last year on silage and clover hay, beginning with seven pounds of the

forrcer to six pounds of the latter per day te each beast, and increasing the supply of silage to forty-nine pounds without altering tbe quantity of hay. The animals were fattened on this food without cakes or roots. A writer on the subject of the diet of the farmers says that mutton and lamb of his own raising should be so common on his table as to make unnecessary the continued nse cf salted meats, or of the weekly, or almost daily, visits of the butcher's cart.

Fresh fruit and vegetables, bread of wheat. rye cr Indian corn, sweet butter aud fre3U eggs, with a nice bit of lamb cr mutton, ! make up a mcst appetizing bill of fare. Garget is generally curable, bat not alwavs. In mud cases frequent bathing m tepid water, with friction after eath bataitg, often effects a cure. In severe cases the water should be as hot as the animal can endure. Cathartics should always be given when the swelling is obdurate, aad frequent and thorough, milking in all cases and a spare diet allowed. Rubbing the bag frequently with some penetrating oil, like oil of terpentine, diluted with linseed oil to a strength that will not be injurious, or using iodine salve, are valuable aids and are often all that need be done. Regarding churns, at a recent trial made in Lc gland it was found that though some kicds churned the largest quantity of butter others performed the service in less time. It may also be claimed that one kind of churn suits certain kinds of cream better than others, and the decision was that no kind of churn can produce the same results from the same amount and kind ot cream at successive trials, as the slightest change of condition of tbe cream affects the result. The churn, therefore, depends upon the management of the cream, and the method of op erating it while churning. No animals should be kept in a young orchard, lest they might injure the trees. Iu a well-established orchard that is seeded to grass or clover, sheep would be the best stock to keep; thev would return to tue boh neariy all they took from the ground; they will consume the fallen fruit and the sprouts from the roots, if there are any, but the?e rarely si i a . l. y a. v.appear in an orcnaru mat nas uus ueeu plowed, and they will do no harm to the treea or disturb tne sou. jags are ioi some reasons better than sheep, as they will keep the rround well stirred, and pick up all inEcct?, as well as consume the windfalls. Ore of the most successful persons in rais ing peaches is Mr. Andrew Sweeden, of ew Jersey, according to the Farm Journal. The land is sDiidy, but he p'ant3 the trees deeper than 1hey were in the nurtery. At time or planting he places two quarts of lime aud a small (ii8ntity of manure on the surtace about earn tree, cultivates wen ana raises truck on the land until the trees are large. He removes the surface earth around the trees for two or (hree Iet when manuring. making the depth arout three inches, and after filling the manure in covers It with earth. It would Fcem thit sheep are entitled to be classed as dairy animals. They produce milk ironi which the costly uocneiort cheeses are made, more tban -iCCU of them being kept in that place for this special purpose. Andnowwehe.tr through a correspondent of the Michigan Farmer that a Friesland (North Holland) dairyman, Mr. Kuperus. is rmlkirg forty cows and forty sheep, and makes butter from all the milk. His sheeo are very large, have raised sixty eight lamb?. this vear will shear twenty pounds of wool each, ard some give from nine to twelve ronrds of milk each per day. There wa3 an old Friesland sheep on the market that had suckled live lambs and kept them looking well. A GOVERN 31 ET SALARY. The Straits Some of tho Clerk Are Redaceil to on Many ()rcaioni. ' Washington Republican. J Tbe question of bow to live on a government salary in Washington is one that has troubled civil servants ever since the business of the country required clerical service to carry it on. One of the earliest records of the condition of the clerk is found in a letter addressed to the editor of the National Intelligencer, of this city, and printed in that journal fifty years ago. It is a complaint and protest against tne then popular notion that the Government clerk's lot was a happy one, undisturbed by any of the vulgar annoyances that tended in those days, as cow, to make tbe poor man unhappy, lie says: "I am one of the many unfortunate individuals whom adverse circumstances have drivea to seek oflice under the General Government. My application was successful, and for a short time I was happy ia the belief that a comfortable and certain support had been obtained for my family. My salary is fi'CO per annum, an income which, in the State from whence I came, would be deemed ample for the respectable maintenance of a much larger family than mine. I derived my opinion of the importance of tbe advantages to be derived from the office which I was appointed to fill from those which an office of similar income would confer in the State where I resided. There comfortable boarding can be procured for 8 per month, and all the necessaries of life are in proportion. Bat mark the difference between there and here. In this city respectable board can not be ob taided for less than $4 per week; the ordinary price is $5. "I have a wife and infant child, and am compelled to hire a nurse. On my arrival here I calculated the cost of keeping house and boarding, and ascertained that the latter, with a small family, was the cheapest. The least for whiah 1 have been able to obtain board is $10 a week for my lamily. The fire, which it is necessary to keep up constantly in cold weather, subjects me to a monthly expense of fO. My salary averages $(X.CJ per month, from which deduct for board $43 33; wood. SG; nurse hire, 3; washing, ?3; candles, 50 cents; nourishment for child, 3; medical attendance (averaged), $1; medicine, $1.50; total, ?)4.33, and there will be left a balance of $2 33 each month, or ..o per annum to be appropriated to the clothing of myself and family, and to meet contingencies. In the foregoing enumeration of items I have omitted every expenditure that is not abso lutely one of necessity. There are many little comforts of life, which an individual of more extended means would consider indispensable, tbat I am compelled to forego. In the department where I am employed there are a greater number of clerks than in any other. Of the eighty-two clerks belong ing to the department, forty-eight receive less than 1.000 per annum, while eighteen receive about that amount." The situation of the clerks to-day is no less irksome in spite of the large increase in the rate of pay which has taken place in the half century. "There are 3,909 more of us," said a modern department clerk, as he stood upon the threshold of an F street dining-room and prodded around his mouth with a wooden toothpick. That is tbe r3ult of a very careful census of cheap dinners that I hive taken, with the chances in favor of an extra thousand or so not heard from, transients, and attaches of Congress." "You are a fourth class clerk, I believe," said the Republican reporter addressed. "Are the other cheap diners equally poor and deserving?" "Many of them have to straggle along on less tban that, while I have seen membars of Congress and chiefs of bureaus, prosperous merchants and capitalists sitting at the tables eating twenty-five-cent dinners." "How do you manage for your other meals?" "I get a 15-cent breakfast and a 10-cent lunch, which, with the dinner, costs me just 1182.50 per year. Lota of clerks live jast this way, and are healthy and happy. Save money on it? Well, I don't know bow much others may manage to lay by, but my share is mighty small. I can live cheaper here for the necessaries of life, except for rent, than where I came from, but somehow I don't save anything, though I get more salary." This ia a fair sample of a number of similar confessions, though many clerks are

owners of the houses they live in and a few ethers besides. Not a few of the unfortunates who live up to or above their incomes ere also aillicted by the results of anticipating their pay. Ten per cent, a month is a common rate of interest, and that is generally all they pay from month to month, notes of this kind running, with necessary renewals, for years. The lady clerks are. as a rule, the most provident, many purchasing fine, large houses, and famishing them for boarding purposes.

There's Crape on the Door. ITroy Press. The ominous mutterings of discontent that have for several weeks been heard low down in the political horizon have at last broken oat and assumed a tangible form. Ths Vermont election yesterday and the results fully justify us in Eaying that it was "a cold day" for the Republican parly in that State. The majority on gubernatorial vote is rev led to a lower limit than ever before known in a Presidential year. The State this year is claimed by only 120,000 majority and later returns will undoubtedly reduce the figures to 1,000 or less. By way of comparison we produce the majorities of each Presidential year for the past twenty-eight years: In Injü, 23,447; in lCO, 24,772; in 1SC4, 2.t,0'JS; in ISfiS, 32,122; in 1S72, 20,1X31; in 1.S70, 23.S3S; ia l-S0,2G.03fj. Returns from all sections of the State 6how that there are several important changes in county officers which in some instances amount to a complete turn-over in favor of the Democracy. Perhaps the mot crashing and humiliating defeat which the party is called upon to lament, occurred in the city of Burlington. This city has almost, from time immorial, been a Republican stronghold. It is the homo of Senator Edmunds and the largest town in the State. Instead of the usual Republican majority of 20, the Democrats have ctrried every ward and elected a member of the Legislature by 303 majority. Senator Rdmund's dislike cf the Republican presidential candidate has had a powerful eEect in all sections of the State, and has diverted thousands of votes from the Republican candidate. Anothercrcshing blow to the Republican cause is tbe defeat cf Colonel George W. Hooker for Representative from the town of Brattleboro, which heretofore has been as strongly Republican as Burlington. Colonel Hooker who is a member of the Repuolican National Committee from Vermont was two years ago elected from his town by nearly 7 majority. In Franklin Connty the eutire Democratic ticket is said to be elected. Rutland gives Fixty-one majority for the Republican candidate for Governor. The visual majority is'J'JO. These are but a few of the many changes which have occurred. It points conclusively to one fact, the grand old party h disintegrating. When Vermont fails to shor a majority cf 25.C03 or 30, Olk) in a Presidential year it is safe to predict tbat ia the National contest the Democracy will be in the asccdent. The State has spoken in r.o uncertain tone. All honor to the gallant Democracy of the Green Mountain State "fchohave practically achieved an important victory. The result of the Presidential conteet Is ro longer in doi-.bt. Despair is depicted upon the faces of llpablicaas as they deliberate over the resai: in Vermont The next State of conse.iuece to indicate its disapproval of Republican methods will be Ohio. Information in regard to the prospects there are of the most encouraging character. The popular tide is setting so strongly in favor of Cleveland and Hendricks and a desire for a better and purer administration of public affairs, that all the deceitful aits and practices cf the Republican hosts can not prevent an overwhelming and everlasting defeat for the Republican psrty in November. The Irish Vote. fCnited States Democrat.! For thirty-three years the Republican have been mean, unceasing and malevolent in their abuse of Irishmen and of the Irish vote. For years the Republicans in power have not dared or have not felt inclined to espouse the cause of Ireland as against England, or to treat Democratic Irishmen with even the commonest respect. Now, driven to the last resort, anxious to draw a blanket over their exposed nakedness, they are making love to tbe Irishmen and bragging that they have haught or received the Irish vote of the conn try. For rhat purpose? To pull chestnuts off the fire for Republican government crushers to fatten upon. What has the Republican party done with the Germans, who, loving liberty, were opposed to any form of slavery? It armed them during the war, and then sought to legislate them out of the right to visit neighbors, or hold a picnic on Sunday, or to indulge in a beverage that is to Germans an actual part of their daily life and longevity. They abolished slavery, say the Republicans, and now propose to abolish beer and the right of a man to select even his table beverage in accordance with the wishes and what he believes to be the welfare of hi3 family. The Republicans claim the colored vote as its own by discovery and conquest. What did it do lor the colored man? Ask tbe galaxy of Republicans who gave birth and standing to the Freedman's Bank. Ask the Republicans in a single Northern State if they have not always thought more of oiüce than of the colored. Ask them if one of them has ever proposed any system for the education of the colored people, and why it is that five sevenths of all the colored people in the North lind employment only with Democrats, or in Democratic families. Tbe boaconstrictor slimes with saliva tbe rabbit it is about to devour, digest, and convert into dung, exactly as the Republican party taffies and slimes its victims. In all its history, the Republican party has never done a thing that entitles it to the Irish vote, and true Irishmen will keep away from the trap, or lose the respect ot the world. A Good Offer. New York United States Democrat! Mr. Sterne Chittenden, a distinguishedllawyer of this city (No. 176 Broadway) proposes, in a letter to the New York Evening Post, to give the sum of ?10,000 to Yale College, or to the Republican campaign fund, if Mr Blaine will submit his Fisher letters to tbe venerable ex-President Woolsey. ot Yale College, and if Dr. Woolsey after a careful examination, shall decide that they are in no way discreditable to Mr. Blaine's honor. Here is a fair offer which should be accepted without delay. Mr. Chittenden is a graduate of Yale College, of high standing in the class of 1835, and is able aad willing to pay the money on the conditions he has laid down. Mr. William Walter Pce!p3, Blaine's manager, is a graduate of Yale College in the class of 1850. President Woolsey has always been a member of the Republican party. But will Mr. Blaine venture to face the music and stand the test? This, to him, is a far more important matter than going West gunning for editors who excite wrath, as a I'resident should never get mad when nobody cares. GEO. W. BAKER, LEWISVILLE, IND Breeder and shipper of Plymouth Rocks, American Dounnigrus, Brown Leghorns, White Leghorns, (both rose and single combined) Black and Patridge Cochins, Black-breasWd ed Games and .Crowe Turkeys, WATER FOWL, Fckln, Allsbury, and Colored Sfuscovy Duck, Tonlose Geese, Etc. Italian Bees and Queens Secured to move In the United State, constantly on band at reasonable prices. Also dealer In supplies lor the Apiary, such as Honey Extractors, Wax Extractors, Emokers, Knives, Etc. Bend stamp for Illustrated and descriptive circular. Address, GEO. W. BAKER, Lewisvllle. Ind. K. B, Refer by ptnolssloa to tho AfrriculturaJ 41 tor ol Bettiatl, Q. W. &

HEALTH. RAILWAY'S Health of Body is Wealth of 3Iinfl; DR. RADWAY'3 Sarsaparillian Resolvent

-THEGreat Blood Purifier,1 FOR THE CURE OF CHRONIC DISEASE, ScrofclcM cr Svriililic. Ut sprcaitarj SJ M ci tontnr'OM, be it Seated ia tie Lnnn, it ifeacn, Iskin or lnes, Ikn ci Serves, forTn;tinr tt Sclius anl litbtiflg the Ikids. Chronic Rheumatism. Bcrofula, Glandular Swell irjR. Headache, Dry Cough, Canccrcrj Atlecuons, Syphilitic Complaints, tlee-lins of the Lungs, Dyspepsia, Water Brash, White Swellings, Tamora. Fkin Diseases, Eruption on the Bodv and Face, Ilmples, Boils, Blotches, Bores, Ulcers, Elp Diseases, Mercurial Disease, Female Coro plaint. Gout, Dropsy, Ealt Kite uro, Bronchitis CoiiSUEipüoa, Liver Complaint, Etc.' Not only does the Fsrsaoartlla Resolvent excel all remedial agents in the cure of Chronic, Scrofo Ions, ( cnstitutional and tit In Diseases, but iUt the only positive cure for Eidsty and DhSJer Coajlaints, Urinary and Womb Diseases, Gravel, Diabetes,' Dropsy, Stoppage of Water, Incontinence of Urine, Bright' Disease. Albuminuria, and in all cases wfcere there are brick-dust deposits, or the wate? lg thlcir, cloudy, mixed with sab&lanceiike tho wrdtecf aa em. or threads like wbite silk, or there is a morbid, dark, bilious spocaranee and white bone-dust deposits, and when there Is a prickin?. burning sensation when pa-sinz water, and pain in f-in all of tne back along tae loins Bold by druggists. 1&1C O'S'o. DOLLAR. Ovarian Tnmor of Tea Tears' GrowtSj Cured by lladwaj' Remedies. One bottle contains more of the active principles cf medicines than any otner preparation. Taea in tcopooü'ul doses, wfiUo others req'-iire rive cr six times aa cinch. RAD WAY ' S 4 jS I n. sit tii READY 11 RELIEF, In frcra cne to twenty rennte-, never fails to relief FAIN lth one tbo-out-h application. No matter bow violent or excruciating tho pain, tne Kbtumatic, Ledridiltn. Infirm, crippled, Nervous, Nevi-rf Is'.c, or prostrated with di- ie may enüer, RADSVAV3 EADY LILiEFwU aS'orl instat, eate. It in as tie Erst end was the only PAIN REMEDY That instardly sops the most excruciating r&ias, allays inflammation anl cures congestions, whether of tbe Lunsrs. Storaacu, P.owels, or other gland or organs, by ore application. THE TRUE RELIEF. RADWAY'3 READY RELIEF is the only remed. ial Rfrntin vouue tbat will lnstaatly stop pain, It int-tantly reifeves and soon cure headache, shetLer sick or nervous, toothache. neurlia, nervousness and sleeplessness, rbeumatism, luo bapo, pains and weakness in the back, tpineoj kidneys, pains around tbe liver, pleurisy, swelling of tne joints. spralDS, bruises, bites of insects and rains of all kinds, Kadwgy's Ready Reliel will afford immediate case, and its continued cm for a few dnys eflect a permanent cure. BOWEL COMPLÄ.IHTS, Looseness, Diarrhea. Cholera iiorbus orralnfa discharges from the bowels are stopped in filtcea cr twenty minutes by takinz Radway's Ready Ro lief. No congestion or inflammation, no weak nets or lassitude wiil follow the use of the SL kim Relief. Thirty to sixty drops In half a tumbler ot wate? will in a lew minutes cure Crura r. Spasms, Souj Ftomach, Heartburn, Sick Ueadache, Diarrheo, Dysentary, Colic, Wind in the Bowils, and all lu ternal pains. It Is Highly Important that Every Family eep a Supply o RADWAY'S READY RELIEF Always in the boose. Its use will prove beneficial on all occasions cf ra'.n or sickness. There in nothing in the world that will stop pain or a rest tbe progre&s of the disease as quick aa tha Beady Relief. It is pleasant to take as a tonic, anodyne ci soothing lotion. Where epidemic diseases prevail, such as Tevers, Dysentery, Cholera, Lufluenza, Diphtheria, Scarlei Fever, fmimonia and other mallcnant diseases, BAD WAY'S READY RELIEF will, 11 taken as directed, protect the system against attacks, and, if seUed with sickness, quickly cure the patient. Travelers should always carry a bottle of RADWAY'S READY RELIEF With them. A few drops In water will prevetj sickness or pain from tho change of water. It la better than French Brandy or Bitters as a stimulant. MALARIA In its Various Forms. FEVER and AGUE. FEVER and AG UE cured for 50 cents. There Ü not a remedial agect in the world that will cup Fever and Ague and all other Malarial. Billions, Scarlet. Typhoid. Yellow and other Fevers (aided by RADr. AY S PILLS) so quickly as RADWAVS READY RELIEF Fifty Cents Per Bottle. HAD WAY'S REGULATING PILLS The Great Liver and Stomach Ceiscdy. A Vegetaei-K SrnsTnvTi for Caloxs. Perfectly tasteless, elegantly coated with sweet pum, purge, regulate, purify, cleanse and strengthen. Radway's Pills for tne cure of all disorders of tbe Etomach, Liver, Bowels, Kidneys,. Bladder, Nervous Diseaea, Loss of Appetite, Headache, Constipation, Costiveness, Indigestion. Dyspepsia, Biliousness. Fever, Inflarnma:ioa ct the Bowels, Piles, and all derangements of the Internal viscera. Purely vegetable, containing no mercury, minerals, or deleterious drugs. Observe the following symptoms resulting froo Diseases oCtbe Digestive organs: Constipation, Inward Piles, Fullness of Blood la the Head, Acidity of the Stomach, Nansea, Heartburn, Disgust of food. Fullness of Weight in tho Stomach, feour Eructations, Sinking or Flatterinjz at tbe Heart Choking or 6uflocatint: Sensations when in a lvine Dosture. Dimness of Vision. Dots lor Webs before tbe sight, Fever and Dull Pain la the Head, Deficiency of Perspiration, euoness of the fckin and Eyes, Pain in the Fide, Chest, Limbs, and Sudden Flushes of Heat, Bornlnj Ja the flesh. . A lew does of RADWAY'S PILLS will ree the system from all the above-named disorders. Sold by druggists. Price 25 Cents Per Box. ''Read False and True.'' 8end a letter stamp to RADWAYA CO., No. ST Warren, corner Church street. New York. Information worth thousands will be sent to you, TO THE PUBLIC SF" Be rare and ask for Radway's, and set tha the same "Badway" la on what yon buy..

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