Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 32, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 September 1883 — Page 1

1 0 1 in P II It I III III 4 I I YOL. XXXI. NO. 32. INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 1ö83. WHOLE NO- L592.

I Ml Ii I H I I I Ii I H III

X' DONALD. Ykwa of the Ex-s natnr on Vie SUtwtloa In the Country.

Tfce Indiana Statesman Non-Oom raittal on Queatioas of Pre-a-idential Candidates. Tenor Tilden' Health Improving aal roblhltlon nnooDCfd-An Iateraattnj; Coa vernation. IrBUBOTOS, Ia,, Sept 3. The nawkeyein the morning will publish the IMtawisg interview w?th Senator Joseph McD ona'.J, of Int'l5n, who ffct the day with friends in this city piicr to hia euteri; g npin tbe Campaign in this State. Tbe llrtt question pat by the repnt?r : "What ).ri e yon lo t-ay cf the PresJdcntisl prcspeci ia 1S?1 from ft Democratic Standpoint?"' "1 have cot b9ci express'r.gnisny opinims cr cu!atirg relative to tbe Dmoc-:io Presidential canvaee. The time cf hclJ'c the ncrrttnating Convention is cine months eff, rd the flection twelve m out as dr.'taat, xil it is unless to speculate cow, for in this enntry, where changes occnr wi'h Euch rapidity, I coold cot even approximate a? to 15 to will be tbe probable car.did-it. On ikls matter I do not care to express myself at til, aitboagh I believe tbe outlook for tbe !Ct on cf a Democrat ia 1SS1 L favorable." "YYhs.t will be Iho result of TES t-CEEENATIO.-JAL T05TK3T IX OHIO?" "There are many opinions regarding the cutccr.e of tbe conte&t as my be addressed to an many inquiries. I am inclined to think the e-hauces are is favor of Hod!ey'a electicn, r.lihoogb tbe cutiide impression seems lo le jaintt h?m. A good dzul will depend upon the coarse ot the prohibaionisU. If Ibis pcLiical eleraeDt votes tbe Democratic ticket te will be elected, while if it vstes wi'b tbe I:r ;uti:car-s Iba success of Hosdley ia pnoerlaiu. As regards the corrupt use of ircrey by Huaiiey. I think it is without fcrjtdaiior, and this chrgs will have no ir.flucr.ee in the rssuk in tha election iu thai State." "What are your opinions regvclin?; the much mooted question of prohiV.tiyn?'' "I am opposed to prohivtricn. I think tbe , bet pjijtera of treating the liqner trattio is by relation ami res?ra"r.t rab?r than by prohibi'.ljn. bin metboJ would be more ia accofisics witi the jpiiit an.l principles of oar goverrverital institution, and in the en I acrcmliah ruseh more thsa a caiupiuary lftW." "Will tie teupt-ranco question became a Jationl i6sur' 'Crialy, oßless an amendment 1 maue to 'be Ccnalitti'-n of tbe United S'Ate" "What will b the cutcome of the election Id Iowa this falir' I an rot Bnfticiently posted to reply to thi'. qnestion, but the opinion that ha been formed about it ia that there will be CZHOCBATIC 6AIKS, ard that tha republicans Je apprehentlve of lots" Uare you formed an opinion relative to th- validity cf the Iowa amendment? ' "I read tbe decision at.d the dinting pir ioD, and think tbe ground on wbirh tha njajoiity of the Court put the question are und. The term? or the constitution ocuht to be mbftantially complitd with to efectan amendment to it." "What is yonr tyeiticu on tha MrlT?"' "I favor a tariff' for lerenue. I Khali div en ite question in my Iowa canvasa from a re vtrrje Btandint, believing; it aoucd politka' ccocouy. To present my iaeaa on tha tutjfct of tbe tariff in tb manner I desire wM.id prr.bably occupy more saoe tbaa yoa have at your disposal." "Are you pleated with, Treeldent Arthur's adrr-itiifctratiou?'' "Yoa r ay aay it ia respectable and satisfactory. There is to'h'nu very striking about it t j call out a srreat deal of euthutiam and u'.tilng to exc:te any epcil oenare." "Who do jou think the Ioublicana will ccoliate for President In 1S4? ' "I would rather not epecuiate on rresiJontial candidates," replird the cknator; "apeculaiioca are an unsafe gui.-e." "Do tbe Detuorrata enterUin hope of carrir Iw York in the next Preatdential campaiia?" 'IthiLkfiO. In the first place New York ia a Democrat c State, and were the varioua factions to unite and harruoniza they wo ild beruccetaful, and there is no reason why they tbrnld not bee me united in 1SS4. Tne Uci-ccra-in that State are in as rcoot a e n lit:o 1 aa tQeir bdvenary.as far as union is concerned. Tr ere is dirsent:on in the Kepublican ru well a Deni(.cra;ic ranks." "In cate Tilden should be nominate 1 would carry New Vork?'' e Senator replied, "I think so," in a ycice that might be construed into meaniag Ui ppiiuef hat be bad Maid. "Wo'ild Tilde 'a pbysic! condition permit hia to accept the nomination for President jre re it terf'ern hini?" . I could cot say as to that." " hat waa tb obpet of the visit of Henry "Watterson to Grevstone?" "Trat i sonif-thinp I profess to know nothirz abfu?.'' replied 6enaor ilcDonall iu a iLÜd thoutch a o a m.r. "Eictse ma frootbficjt persrnl ScnstoV eid the reporter, but 1 ate your cau.a mentioned as THE rOSPIBLX K0VI5IB of the Deioocratic prty for President in IRSi; aj yon a candidate?" The Senator replied in tha following lan- &: ' ' for reaapta I have mentioned to yon befcre I do not wish to d'ecuss peraonal claims or ex pectsi ions. I have no reply to mike to tba quettion." r?eeiDz the Senator was determiaed to ciade this question the reporter did cot pereijt in demaodipg a reply. "Are there any aew developments in Indiana politic?" asked tbe reporter. Honejbnt it will go Demrcratic in 1831 witLont doubt This with us is an off year, there be Ibk no election of any importance except for city officers in Indianapolis, We are bavisz a dead calm." "Senator, tbe people would like your opinion of Tildeu'a physical condition," said the icnbe. I know nctbin abint it." After he?itatio a moment be eaid: here, jon man, be tween you ar.d I now dnn't oat thia down I tbir.k be is improin " The Snator continued bfora the reporter u'e I to refrain from stating bat he had aai J, and ccieqint)y no covenant ia hroken. o yon take part in the Ohio cnvaa?" "Yt. darire the latter part et the nit'ith. Vel), yourat man, I ruess I have 'alke 1 1 m tr'ab. I raüi the pr-H of the emttry txerti great inSut&ca la i&cldine public

opinion, and yea are welcome to the viaws I have expreer-ed for publica'ion." At the conclusion of these woris the Senator bade the reporter good day and ha departed. JAY GoULD.

Tue Great Etoocpolut'a Career Ilia View on KAllroauia l4 T.lfraph U la t)ppoat to Poatal Telxraph X latij Examination. Naw Your, Sept. 5 Senators Blair ani Call waited patently for Jay Uoul 1 to appear before them, this morning, to testify as to tbe relation of capital and labor. A lare audience was in attendance. As Gould delayed his appearance, the Committee hear J Etateicent from George W. Weston, a lawyer of this city, who appeared in opposition to the theories of Henry Grorpe and Moody. Just as the witres-j ttbi brginning bis testimony Could entered. Wesion merely stated that tbe tecdericv to monopolize land was net to great cow Bait waa one hundred years ego iu thij country. Gould then took the eta:td and on bei 0,5 eworn. ßena'or B'sir r'qrrsfr.il him to gi?0 a hietory cf his early lifo aui Crtt butiness adventuies, atd then on and g ve the story of his pmrjr8a to his present condition. Gould Eetmed to bo Bonowhat etiegered at the request, tut turning with a amile to the reporter's table, begun in a low tone of voice: "I was born at Roxbary, Ddawxre County, N. Y., May 27, If ?. 3. My parents had a 6uiall faiia ar.d kept twenty owr, whic'i I assisted tending. I attended school abjat fourteen ruiltB distant, and when I was about fourteen jf&rs old obtained a situation iu a Etcre ia a Eeijkboring ii!ge. Iwasmßcb interested rn rcatheiualicr, ard Ba to get tip at .i o'clcck in the morning ar.dttady till C, wlien the afore was opened. I remained in thv store for two y t-r.t?, when I ctada tbe ac-qua'D'-arco cf n turvejor who waa unking a uivey of Uitttr County. He took me into his service st n'&ry of $20 rr ni.vuh. I ieriied t-ht my erui'lormr'a credit was nt very gore!, and I wa- to obtain t.o iney for nty work until the mop was com riete, j 1 rr eJe sun dial' fo f.ircif rs at il Mp:rCJ to f ay my rnrrinc experjses. I tntde tur-evt-efnTwajcf Dülaaar and Al'vtn (' uri ties, ar.d mace in tbes? contract! kbrit t. fit 0. I then tut ir-.ta the anr.e'y b isiretewitha Mr. PrtU, of Prat;'i!i. ar.d til a'ly enured into paitrie-ship 1,0 OjaiIs M. IIpi. Who C'!l mi tid ätl'CIcV Tbe tiitt railrot jih h h i bsd tr.y rr niifc'ion w what is no-v a imrt o 1 of t.h i:eLfTlerr ti.d ?aratca, cf which I wasSu-perinien-rent. Daring tue peats of 13Ö") tbe teck aent down very low. ar d 1 was a 1j U buy in a laf amouu', which aft'rvarda ros in value ttrn made r. band me p-utlt. 'th" next road in weich Gonld eaul Le intrejei himteif wta the (;ieeia'jl and l'ilt-b ir., which Le kfttraard Seised to the Tcr.n'ylvauia Read. GuiiM tben r!hJr-d bi. cvme.v ticn with tbe Union t'ariic it fid. As he hid interested hiruslf i't it and tbe 9to:k was faiiict: he rut do up his mind to C!ry i thr ueli at any cost It w& on the point of bi-ii .15 iilRced in the hands of a reviver. Afterward. ben the rod became a ptyinj on end dvidrda ieclared rrgclarly, tUere wa a freat crv from tho public that it was Jay Gould's rood, aa if this was a dan(rerona thing. He aa!d, however, he was then engaged in telling oat h'n steck, which waa eoon in the bands of more than 1 OOO investors, representing th) eernings of man? widows and orphans. This titled his connection with the Uuiou Pari 60, atd the ate ck ia now higher than when bs old it. Tre next venture waa the building op cf the Gould railroad sykU-m ia tbe So-un and West. It bezan with thepirchswof the iiisscii I'ao lie from (Jcmrao.l."ie Oarriton. Other rcaiis wt-re purthasel and conc( Doe ctioi s 11 ade to dill'erent points. Gould tridLebadat this time panei the point i.-Te monry-makirg was an obj!t, arid hij ili.y id(i wa? in ctrrjirg out to system to rxr 'ly m-o what could be dona by coraV.nat'oi. TLe lines now spread through Thi Illipif. Icdiana, Michisau, Missouri, Arkansas lcdiac Territory, Texas, Loalfidna ard Mexico. There are central corine'tms t Clccinnnti. (St. Louis, Chicneo ant New Orleans. All the construction of thia ayitem of reads was completed last year, and represented abon 10,000 milea of roa.L The earnings of the lir.es when he took possession of them were about $70,C0O a month. Tre earnirgs for the pat. month were $5,SCC.CGO. Iii building up this system the Southwest has been opened up and the country thrown eprn to civilitatiou. Mr. GxilJ stated that he was a Direct jr lu the Chicagi and Northwest, Chicago and Rock Isis id, Delaware, Laciawinua and Ves'.ern, New York end New Kiland, and several other au aller lines. Iccii'ental to h's railroad interest, he had bec mo largely interested in tte telegraph bueinetr. This was ou account of the lnin ate ccuncctioa between tue two inius'ries. He was tattrumental in aur iv.4 tha American Union to iu ike it a competing line .h he Hestern Union. He found that it wrnl 1 be iroj ossible to ecconiplisb tb!s on account cf tbe extent cf the lat'er'a conuec ions. He then turned hia attention to getting couirol cf lbs Vat.rn Uaioa by buyio stock ben it was low. Finding it a piym invi t truer t, he had been constantly inceasio bis int rest. Uobjnct in eeniring ontrol t f the Western Union was to make bi-tfneod. General Uckert, the roatjgr, as ho h d grßt cot fidetce in hia busme&a abiiiry. T railread facilities which iwere now a-qaiTd by the Western Union er invaluable anl it ij tropofsiblo to estimate thi-ir value. ' Can sou gjvo us yoar opiuion as to the practica ility cf Governmetit postal telegTt:h, which wuld take tho plaC3 of the pretent system. Mr. Gould?" "1 think the institutions of this country are e-ppesed to any such things aa that," replte i Mr. Gould. "Telegraphic bujioea, mora than any other, reqnir-a to b manscsd by experts, and the dividends of the western Uidca are obtained because it does t-ebusi-tees well. Under a Government system the whole management of these gtvat intr-sts would be subject to chanye a. vi the particular political party then In power." Mr. Gonld also thought-that tbe mail service would be better accomplished by private enterprise than by tbe Government. He would net object to the Government taking hold of the telegraph ystem of the Western Union, If it would pay for it what it was worth on a fair appraisement; bat in his opicin it would not be a success. Uniform tariff could be secured nnier a privto enterpiiee aa well aa under Government supervision, and the Western Union's polier tended to accomplish this. Is New York etate there 1a a uniform system of rates. There could be no lastug competition against the Weetern Union on Juccount of its great fa (ilities. When there re powerful rivsl th- ra'es were tot rednc?d, becau the cor:titor hd to charge raes as hlh s tt.n V etm Union In order tu Hyp. Mr. GjuM cid tbia had been his experience, and if aoy r ne thonght bat ho could do better than M a: self lie waj ctrainly at liberty to t-y. Tbe voluo cf a stork in a corp'onion dpS"ded t.pon itaparnit e wer. There raifht b water In We-t rn Union, hut the sam could l M f all Urdu of prOpe'y. "Dc yea think that the prioe of food ia ia-

floe need by Block speculation or epeiuletloa in t&od prodoeu?.' 11 q lired Senator lila r. "It might to a certau. extent iucrese for shcrt peiicd. replied Mr Ootill; bat 'hs si pply and demand will alwsys rea'ate tboe things and keep up a bsla ca. If .(hre i' a iatge cr p the price ill be so much b- low the a wag l bat speculation to keep up prices will alaraya fail." Mr Gould said he was not famlltsr with the method of epecu'ati' n in CJrn ani brat, hut thought that there waa r.otiin ti ftir in stock epecilation. Et'b trsniicinn represented a sale and ellvery, and the icfltieirw of the trafioaoti.-xi did not go b--jerd the parties hfm?elvea. Tie Western Union Telegraph Company, he tl ought, paid more attention to its emllujesitan any other (Company with whci he was conntced. The recent strike, in hs opinion, staa the result of a feeling cf diseaiirfartion on tbe part ot tbe po rer c'.ai of employee. The better clas of workmfuasa fetieial rule did not care bO tuuch Imw mtnv ten a ihy morktd. aa tht-y tvete Cantii Ui ly bopirg for a higher pooi'ion in the TrLks. It - wee a f-.ct tfiHt tbe Western Union Telegraph CöTpny peid its eiaployea better wef-s thn as.y oiber Ccropsny. 'yibor and capiul if lft to tbeu-eeivea would bring about a -atiif.ict try djcMtsent, T.ee wa always more n ls (tiMatitdsctiOn and there vas no nw tbet would remove these fseliugs 0! discou tert" Do you think that labor get its far pv.are of'h- wenlth wh?r.h i t0 v duct of labor and capital?" ask?d Mr. P.!air. "I do." rei.litd Mr. G nld. "The returns for ca ital, in this country are continually growing ler-s. Pri.fi a represent tho returns o'f capital and all th rest, with the exception of hat r es to pay f jt iav materiala, is derotod to labor." tun .smv ejuttscui.

The I'iiua of the Crutsra Now t'nder Frt'Cea- vt t'oualractlon. WAfiiixcTo.-?, S?pt S. From memhers cf the Ntval Advlt-ory Pocjd detailed int jruiation regarding the steel cruiters has teen obtained. Omitting particulars of in'eretonly to ship and engine builders and Naval oEcere, the plans are about as follows: Tbe Chicago ill be 314 feet 4 inches long over all, 24 feet 9 it ches deep, 48 fest VA inchca extreme width; draft at rue a load-lino, 13 feet: dimple cement, l.rW tors; area of plain tail, 14 SSO cquire fet, or two-thirds full fail pover; complement of men, COO; eeti mated sea speed, 14 knots, but it is hoped that she will te able to nnke sixteen miles per hour over the measured mile. The material will te mild a eel. The battery will consist of four e?ght-incb, high-powered breech-loaders, weighing about twelve tous, mounted in projecting halftone's on the flush I grdtt)r. The turteU are unaruied. and the jure slt fight in large open ports. Tho onh protrc icn fur the mea will bs shields on the gun. rix aix-iuch breecti-IoaJii'g rifl-8 ei-i ir g abou: four tona v ill b? mo-inted brja lei:ieot the gno-e ck, and there will be p:sc-e for two tCditiAal tix-inch gtics on cac'i brcad.-lile. One six-irth gun will be mounted on a rtcetsed ann-drck p?ri on each bow, actl there will be two ßve-irch gnus in receeeed parta abaft the Ca pai n'a cbiu. The eit t-iLch pr jectili weigfca 20 oonnds; th nx-iorh, 10) pounds, RKd ttie tive-inch. 61 leurds. Four 47-miliiicctra and tvo 37 uiilliineter Hotchkis revolving cincon will be mounted ia fixd bullef-prrcf towers. Th ball will be divided by nine complete transverse bulkfcrtda into ten water-tight oompartmenta, of which Ibe four ceDtrtil ones are occupied by the engines and boilers. This portion cf the ship will have a double bottom. The machinery and boilers are covered by a protective steel deck one aDd a half inches thick. The coal bock era will aüord a coal armor nice feet thick from the water llae to eicht feet above Ik The coal bunkers form thirtyeight water-tight com partments. A Itogether thero are elghty-flve water-tight compartments. If ceceesary, 1,240 tons of coal can be btowe ), which would enable the Chiogo to steam 3 000 miles at fifteen knot, or 6 000 miles at ten or eleyen know. The bow will be adapted to ramming. Tbfcre will be turn ecrews driven by two pairs of twocvlioder compound overhead beau engine. Etch ermine will be a separate water-tight ccmpartmenL The high-pressure cylinder will be forty five and the low twenty-right incbe?, and the stroke forty-two inches. To fare weight cf furnaces they will be adapted to soft coal iD stead of anthracite, as in most cf our present ve els. The type of kollere will ba cew to the naval though cornmoa in the merchant service. There will be fourteen horicontal return tubular cylindrical boilera, capable of a working prepare of one hundred pounds. Tbe Boston and Atlanta will ia many reflects resemble the Chicago, but will be brig-rig red instead of bark rigged, will have batteries only on the Rpar deck, and will not have the protective eteel deck over the engines. Their lencth over all will be 2S feet; depth, 34 fee; extreme breadth, 32 fet; draught. 10 feet 10 iuchea; diepUceaieor, 3,(C0 tens. Outside the forward pert and the after starboard angle of the superstructure an eight-lnrh Ion rifled gun will be mounted in a beirbe'.te about tkree feet bi?h, built of two inch ste.lplate. Within tee fropentructure eix sirinch breech loading rirlj will be mounted, taocn each brua.Mdcs, with a traio cf O) degrees befo and abift the beam and forward in the starboard angle of tho 8 a per-, structure. This gives a total train of frcui i degrees asro9 the boat to 00 decrees abaft the b-aam. The remaining gun 13 slmiHrly mounted on tbe port side aft. Each cf these vessels will have seventy-three water-tight c mipttrtme nts. They will carry cosl for 2 500 miles full speed, and 6 300 miles at about ten knots. Kach will have an engic of about 3 6G0 horse power, and one steal screw es vent-en feet in diameter and twenty feet pitcu, with four adjustable blades. The Dolpin, a dispatch boat of about 1 .VX tons displacement, will have a very light armament.of one six-inch breech-loading rids, mounted with a shifting pivo and four 47HotchkUa revolving cannon. The structural arrange menU are those in pracica in the construction of merchant vessels, except that unusual care hau been taken to divide the hull into six water-tight compartments by traverse bulkheads extending to tbe upper deck, and more than customary longitudinal strength Is provided for. The bow la slightly ram-shaped, and is made especially strong. 8peed is the tpeoial object sought in thia ves?eC It ia the intention in all ernisera to utilize the advantages of forced draught and closed fire rooms, by which the power can be increased 50 per rent for short periods. The Boston and Atlanta will each carry 250 men, and the Dol phin 80. A fjukcki.v rouiuxK. John Jacob Aator Deeds His Kntlr Estate, Vald at 970,000,000, to Ilia Son, TV Lilian) TValdorf. Sew York Ppect!: It waa announced to-day that Mr. John Jacob Aitor bad deeded all hlspioperty to hia ten, William Waldorf Aator, cow United 8 ttei Minister to Rome. The news created a sensation, asd old lawyers declared, that it

was only another movement by the Aston not to permit the value of their immense estate to be publicly known. John Jacob Aator is now an old mas, and, although in apparent good health, the question of wUla, deeds, heirs and -Surrogate Courts tovM occur to him. Tbe story, as reported, is that Mr. Ator baa deeded away hie property, bnt that the deeds will not be recorded uttil after bia death. Hia eon, William W. Astor, receives everything, anbject, however, to a pension of $100,)00 per annum, payable to L'a father auring hia life. By this meace of transferrirg the estate twi ot j-cis are said to hi acc );nplthtd firet, tr ai ebii4 will not be nividtd atM r.g dillerent heir, aDd secondly, that no liiigation over a will can ever come iut IXuri by whicu the vaia of the e tat w mi l b- 1 ifcuverd. T.-r are m qu sti nahly either branc hts of 'he faaiily whlVb, if a wi.l lavinx all 10 h son w-re mad mig'it eriur a rontest. It hn alwayi ben tbe i.iea f Mr. JoLd Jtc-b As'orB-lif-t praTica'ly t. email bia property, and to hare the estate remain int&ct fr--m retieraiioa 10 jceraiioti, us in E -gland. Fhe presen. hu Jacob As tor's ftttier died ab-ut ihiftytive jr3 o.-, bq'i-tbioy hia property to John JCO Btid ijlnm B. Aur, and to his oeugi ter, no Mr. Chan-tler. Tnre wts airo an id:t sou in the family, for wh m ii' 1 e pr isio m.1, -nd also f ir this eor'a gnsrd:an. Th idiot cliili gre v to raub( od. and ditd Eeveral j earj attar his fdiber'a death. A t that time tho erae was worth aboot i CO Ctn,tX'0 or $40 Ot 0 (Xsj It waa then mainly OPprtUt clive Juhn J cob Astur received th latg et tart f the estate, including the Ahtoi Home, which was deeded to him for $1. Tbe golden pritcipl of ite Astor family was rtvtrio bui.d ut til forced to do so, and Len a btiilJing was p.t up it wan lntr-nded to last fur years. The es ate gres- nine valuaole eich yrar. ai o solid boisea were buili upon the U i 1 unt!l tc-day thw value ia really u b no . Meetcf tbe property liea between Tnty-thi-d et-ret anö Fiftieth ftrt from I' hht to Tl i d avenue, llnr'sy 11 11 lies iu t -beeittvf the fniuüy pos Cfiooa. Blocks un l blciksof h u-eslsero bei :'g to John J- cih Abtor. a l .f whith fie hss deeded to hia w:. TLe va'ne of John J ic b Asto es'a'r is ain aid at from bttwcsn $ to, 000,000 un-l 1 70,0t 0,tOJ. ItCil K ON !AVtS.

JnHa: Jere Black Furth' mos a He ply to J ff I'avls' UaCcLt Alttk Au Iott-retta Article. PninnitruiA, Sept 0 The Pre.rs to-mor-ow will printaeeveu column Article giving Jndge Black's poelbnmoua rfply to Jetf Dtvisi' recent attack upon him. It comes in tho shape 4 of an interview with the great . jurist by Pre nk A. Burr, of the Prese staff, a periolöI fiiei d i f Jndo B'ack. and j i-t tV-fo-? the Judge w3 taken sick It ia fully euthentiratd and dea'a with the most iiuportAnt 6tbjct3. Tea reitponso to Davis' criticism' for;i'8 but a ftna.il part of the paper. Ju Ige Black maintains that his forcier poiitiou iu relation to the secessionists, and is very Mvcre upon the ac's of the e -Confederate Prcatdent and thosp who actet? -with him. He averts that D.ivls was talking peaco a d llansirg war, and always trying to get l'tchinnn to yield to the dennnd' of the secesslonläts. The most imrvirUut pert of ibe article relates to his association with Eachanan during the last four months cf bia Administration. The differences between tbem are diacribed, and mach of tbe inner history of that period set; out in forcible and ectertaing wcrda, but the most important feature of this article ia Judge Black's dramatic story of tbe Cab net rriMS of IHiO, which is men io fall, lie defines the sc pe of Buchanan's reply to the 600th Carolin Commission, and why he was going to leave the Cabinet. His uhimatsm to the President at that rat meat ia given in fail. Hia reas ons for hia acta at that time that have never before been published, are herein t-utlined. It tells of Buchanan's p eilion upon recession, and denies hia letter to tbe Booth Carolina Commission acknowledged tbe right of the State to secede. The article places Judge Black in a new light before the country. JACK FROST. IieVakea Ola Appearance lo New Hampshire and Vermont, Doing Considerable Damage. PoßTos. Sept. 4 Dispatches front various parts of New Hampshire and Vermont state that a heavy froet last evening did considerable damage to late crops. fc'rÄi5.riKLD, Ma&a., Sept. 4 Quite aheavy frcst viaited Hampden, Hampshire and Frmklin Counties Monday night, Tbe to baoco crop waa damegd, ia some esse teverely. Tbe loss in Franklin and II impebire Conn ties is estimated at $50 000. Farmers in that rection have already cut and housed abont half a crop. The damage ia Hampden, Hempsuire and Franklin Counties is estimated at over $12-5 000. Wha-ely acd Deertield are tbe chief sufferers. Tue lofs to tobacco growers in each place is abiut $"26,000. The greatest damage is to the tobacco fields, ia some of whica tbe crip ia a tout loes, simply to be ploughed under. BAncoa, "Me., Sept. 4 Reports from renobEcot County ailirm that a heavy frost did considerable damage to the crops. PovoBKEii eiE, N. Y , Sept. 4 There was aheavy frost on the Hudron and over the valley this morning. The iixntz will amount to little. THK C KU 10. A Ile-M Promlaed Fully Kqaal to Laut Tsar. CijrcissrATr, O., Sept. 5. The special report of the corn crop by Charles B. Murray, editor of tho Cincinnati Trice Current, published to-morrow, makes the outlook in the Western States favorable for a rraln of 75.000,000 but hels over last year. Bat the South and elsewhere will be an equal amount chert, so tbat the entire crop promises to be about the isme as last year. In many sections of In diat a, Illinois and Iowa the growth ia backward, pertly to the use of seed from the West which is late in maturing. Kstimatcs show a reduction of 15 per cent compared with last year, and an increase of 5 percent in Indiana, 10 in Illinois. 15 ia Iowa, ö in Missouri, SO in Kansas, and 10 in Nebraska, and decrease in every Southern State of signiSoance except Texas, which will be 15 to 20 per cent, over last year. Evanavllle'e Debt. New fork Special: . A conference was held this afternoon between some of the holders of the $1 000,000 bonds ef Evarsville, Ind., and a CotnmUts of municipal tllicers of tbat city iuthe Farmers' Loan and Trnst Company U Hiding to consider tb redncti n of the rate of interest. Only $190 000 was represented. The Portlatd, Me., Savings Bank, which holds$ 40.000 worth of the issue; the Pern Mutual Life Insurance Coaipsny, which h.Jd- $45 WO, and the Connecticut Mutual Wa er Works, which bold $300.000. refo ed u atterd tt-e meetin or- acceot any rdtction from tbe sMoulated rate of interest, which ia 7 per cent.

TUE CINCINNATI riBE,

Eight Persona Mlaiu, od Tbtfhi to Have Peiinhed la th rima. CiFcimtATT, 8pt 4 Later inTesiiiritloa awells the number of ming at Dremaa's rag warehouse fire to nine. Tbe list is: Chris Borman, Roee O Connell, M-y Darke, Mary Lynn, Besele Brady, Nelly K-Ily, Mary and Megaie Iee (isterr) and MVy ?pieler. Nne of these have rep irted t- their hones, and all were known to be io the bulling at the time of the lire. The entire building fell, except a little portioa of the frint of the Si nthern half, next to the Times S'.ar Building. The rags are still burning, a ad a etretm Of water from an engine ia atitl pUylng on the imokißg debria. The workoftearching for ib dead cm not be uadoriicen vt fne Tin es-S ar will issue an edition at 12 u'clook; ite jMtrsessre f)f)t i r j ire d, and wi 1 be u-ied Toe tyje was all destroyed, aid the ediiuri! ri ms dienci ed. Tne VToiRbut. ge them type end u e oiiorial room it- iy ro-m '- row tl ey will remov trie C'uia)!H2 au.i ediKxif n 011:8 to the building vacau-d by tb lte Nes Comj any, vhrre they vi;l remain tili repairs ate made. Search for tbe b 5i8 is still in prers, but W I t outiuccea. Thi tttk is exceedingly e-low. Half burn. raifs. piper au 1 hsmp, dnrcbed with wa'er, make 11m tuas almost iiKpos.Mble to remove ei'tp by h-ndfu's. The n aes is smoking yet from the smoulderir.tr fire. With execution f the dis-3 very that TO f uch girl 83 L'zz e K-l!ty w rked iu tie houfe there is u-thing to red ics toe nun ber of victims. It was very Ute lat right before it w certainly known ihu s rary as eight ptriOLS had lost their livoa ia the builuit. Lose riKHKKHi: 4. Ifxpeiterce of the ol "iirvivoT or a Crew Caosht In tb h'vrs scutian cturia. Halitax, N. S.. Sept. 3 Tbe ürst re!ir.V.e infcrmaiicn cf Ices of life in the recent terrible s'oiru on tbe coast of Nova Scotia cotns to hand to-day, tbe saddest news b-ine of the crownipg of nineteen Lunenburg fishermen j the wrecking of two vesela, and the probable death also cf tbe entire crew of another. Berjnniin Ilinimelman, of Lar.enbarg, oviner of the schooner Welcome, receivee intelligence cf the swamping of his vessel iear Eet Cape, Prince Eierda Island, doting tbe gale, with the lovs uf ten of her men, hut one member of .her ere tu'vivirg. The We'come hove to ofl tie cape at the heginniog of the f'orm, lowered betb her an c vre, and for e v-rel hours rode safely on tbe e a Lite a' n'.eb, however, when the gle b-iarue more fu news, the vessel began to strain seriously ai d the moui tainoua waves struck her violently an 1 isvept over be- d cks. caT i'i. eveiythirg movable before tbera. Tns eleven fieherroen on board were at Net c mpelled tu take to the rigging for safety, nnnblo to move a hand for tbe control of tbe echoxier. Abo it 3 o'cb ck in tbe morning a wbv of great B'z Miuek her with dif-astronsviolei.ee. as th r ext moment she sank, carrying witn br all on b ard. One of the crew, a yoang mn 1 erne d Spimtle, r to the a irface, and f ir-tni-attly fell in with a l! ating epsr f'om the wrecs, which be seized, and fifteen minutes later be waa carried high and dry 00 Eist Cape. Spindle stales tbat aftr the schooner went down he saw nothing of his comrades, and all, undoubtedly, were drowned. Roriss.KOGti), A Cesple of Mormon Uders Attempted to Hold a Bleetlns la Georgia, Kotten-Kgged by tbe iBdtgBant Aadteaca. Ailasta, Ga., ßpt. 4. Mormon elders are still popping up in various pa.rU of the State. Tuesday night two ciders held a meeting at Kmory Chapel, in the Fourth Drgtrict of Coweta CoSuty. The meeting waa attended by a good many young men, some of whom went through curiosity, but there were others who went from other motives. The meeting was opened by singing and prayer. Afterward one of them got np to deliver a diecourte on the beauties of Mormonlsm. When he bad made a ten remarks there came a voice from tbe audience saying: "Take him out." Tne elder piased a moment, and taid he was there for religious worship, and hoped he would not be disturbed. These words hai not more than escaped hia lips when they were both pelted with a ehovre? of rotten eggs. They saw at once that they had met with tha wrong crowd, and, grabbing their gripsacks, darted out of the nearest door, puraaed by the entire audience, who chased thm as long aa they could ee them. The younq; man. seeing their inability to keep up with tbe MorraonB, tent after several bounds and put tbem on the lost trail, and chased them eeveral miles, when all track of them was loet. When last heard from they were making a bee-line westward. CRiaicj. A CUvelasd Man Deliberately Kills Ilia Btep-Fatber. Clkvfland, Sept. 4. James Donohue, aged twenty-five, thia morning deliberately, and without apparent provocation, snotand killed hia Btt-p-fatber, Michael O'Connell. aged fiftyfive. A short time before the tragedy Donohue went to a trunk and took therefrem a revolver. Ilia mother urged bim to put the weapon back, but he threatened to shoot her if the interfered. Then he cat on a lounge in tbe eitting-room with the revolver in his hand. Fret-ently hia step-father, a large man. chine into the house, eaw Donohue, aud walking toward him said: "James, give me that pistol." Donohue immediatelv rose to his feet and fired a ball through O'Coaa'U'a heart; then lay down on the lounge, seemirgly unrepentent and unconcerned. "Connell walked a few tteps nd fell dead. Mrs. O'Connell rushed screaming out of doors. A jolicero&n soon arrived, but D.iuohue utoatly misted and bad to be very severely clubbed before he could be arrested. HALT BX AT ED HEAHEX Tortares Bud wad by taa Men aa a TJeltad Mates Bblp Wholesale Deeerttarae. Nick, Sept. 6. The United 8tatea steamer Lancaster arrived here September L Since then several seamen have deserted. Many stories of cruelty and Ill-treatment by the officers have been told. The Lancaster left New York two years ago. She then had 400 good seamen. Of these 2S0 have deeered, leaving 130 now on board. Theee men were nearly all from Boston, New York and Baltimore. The men say that jnst after leaving New York, again at Vilie Franca, at Cn rtßdt, at Stockholm, at Copenhagen and at LI-hon, men were kicked ven in the face beaten with clubs, and otherwise terribly n altreated by petty officers who had been adhere without lave and re'nrnd dr ink-, end tbat lbee effirera, bein f v ri'e- w j their superiors, were sertcven reprimanded 1

for tbeir abeeroe. Bonve of the men were laid Dp for days, and on one occasion a petty e fSeer brought hia heel down on a seaman's toe with such force that the toe had to be amputated. No punishments were enven to favori e and gpit s bat the others were put in irons, and in one or two instances lij&jed for slight or purely imaginary oenes. They were often put 10 solitary confinement on bread and wa'er for thirty days oq the me st trivial pretexts. Oa the one occasion at Lisbon the anchor did nctoome up smartly enough to p'.ewe the effiier in et arge and he stopt-ed the monthly pay of all bands for three months. Admiral Nicholson had ordered stopped, es ose let-a and dangerous, the sending up and down of the topgallant yards and Daaa at drill. No sooner would the Admiral leave tbethiptban this drill would be resumed. Oa several occasions it retailed in serious accidents. At Chenak, Leghorn and Christiana men were to disabled by accident in this drill that they were in the Hospitals for weeks. White h Fourth cf July il i-e was leiig fired at Copenhagen one ruan'a right a-m was blown ctl and an eye rat out tl.rouith a willfnl order, while several others were very reriort-'y injured. The mea say vben Admital Nicholson was ia comm-iac! ' . v management was mnch better than no v n-meoftbe modes of punisbmeut are said v tLo seemen to be cruel in the eitrerne, . ' in din c violation of the law and the refections ef toe service.

Iu ! WKAN1U, The Protect of Congressmen ktoasma, rnbband Dnno Couornlog tbe Grant to Iba. P. Railroad. Wasb156tos, Sept 6. Representative Dueu has addressed to the Secretary of the Interior a commuuicaiion relating to ths pr test made by General Ituscrans, Uepreseatative Cobb and h'aise-lf, against ary action en tbe part of the Department lookiDg to the istnance to the Southern Paciric Itnlroad P'tmrany cf certificates for tbe laud grant of the Tnas Pacific Railroad Coinpvjy and spainst the tlirg cf any mortgage by the New Orleat 3 Pacific Riiiroad Company olands c!amtd by ita B33igr.oe?, the New 0"leat s, Baton R'ugo and Vickebarg Uiilrjad ( m racy. as a bais for the issue of lau i graut bci ds. Dunn pays: "My attention is now gain called to the statement ia prs aispatcbes of a receot date to the enec. that one Cypher, a perpon unknown to me, L3 in a letter to tbe Secretary of the iMerlor urged h'm to ec favorably oa the rsprcuve clsjmsof tbe Southern Pdcific Railroad C-jm-laiy aud New O. leans Tacitic Uailrcad Compeuy ty the reouec ivo lan-i grans, that hey are seeking M arq iire by virtue of taVi! pretended asiiguiteji aud egaint which ec ion taid proteata were made, and that he w-bigrts S9 ot c reason for sncn favorable ac;iott tbe Ma'ement lhat said protesta hsva een withdrawn. Tb Acticg Secretary of tl e It tarier was verbally noiiSed la'.e iu Fuse that to power or authority was cju- ! rted upon any prfoa whomsoever to do or perfotm any act whatever in connection with miid prt te&t or matters to which they reliU.-d for us or in oar names." Dtmn ais-o repudiates any action tht raa? have been taken by K N. Hill in the rnMtr. Sj phc-r's appiicatien for the appointment of a CommiESlou to examine tbe 0 mplecsd eectton of the Southern Pacific KailroAd wsa made tome time ego. Acting Secretary JosJjn relut-ed to act upon it and Sypher for warded hia appo ntment to Secretary ToFer. who prt mp'ly returned it with tbe endorsement that no Commission should be appointed. GRKjtiAntS ANSWKB. Tbe Poatmaater Ueneral Files His Pleaa la tbe Damage Suit Inatltotd toy the Lottery Company. Wahi5gtos, Sept. 4. Ia the case of the manager of a New Orleans Littery Company agaii st the Postmaster General, actios for $1C0,C00 damages in issuing 10 prevent delivery of letters addressed to him, etc, the Postmaster General today filed, by Solicitor General Philii pa, his pleas. He pleads first, not guilty, ard second that he is not ruilty undflr Sees. 3 920 and 4 041 of the 'Utvised (Statutes. Thud, November 13. 1 79, Key, then Postmsbter General, after bearin the evi inre, waa satisfied that the pla'ntl :T waa conducting a scheme for obtaining money through tbe mails by means of false and fraudulent pretences, and forbade the payment of postal orders ay him by the Postmaster at New Otleanp, and said order never has been revoked. Tbe Postmaster General admits that he baa enforced thia order, bat says ho was not actoated by malice or a desire to injure the pFintiff. He pleads farther that tbe orderet Key, November 13, LS79, ia included In his oroer cf July ii, and eaya be considered it his duty to enforce it. He admits he was informed of the. later decinon cf Key, suspeudirg the order, and slso that an appeal had been taken to the 3oprtme Court of tbe United States, which vss diemhsed by the plain ti if, but conaidrred that any statement by Key was enly incidental for the end they were made, and aere therefore limited ia etTict; therefore, !hat be might be info.med f anything th plaintiff raig'-t have to su?get to the c m trary, he notified him what be proposed to do. at d heard f xumenw in hia behalf. He edrnPs that he declined to retry the question, irat much aa the plaintiff did not allege there had been any material cbaose, and after a hearing he iseued, on July 0 labt, a direction, which he avoas to be all that he has done m relation to tbe matter. II? stales that whatever has been done in the matter has bee-n done merely in th c-mre f his cnirlal duty, and without mtlice to the plaintiff, asd denies all the allocations in the declaration contained contradictory i or cot admitted by this plea. MTATK OS" HADE. General Itusl&eaa Gradually Iriprwvlng and a Fealloa: cf Cot ßd ear for the Aatamn Trade. New Yobk, Sept 7.-R. G. Dun t Co., mercantile agency, report that in the week jnst cloBirg nothlag occurred of a character adve reo to a steady improvement of trade. It is true the exchanges show a considerable decline in transactions, but this may be the result of besiiatioo and embarrassment growing out of tbe recent heavy depression in securities and produce; but notwithstanding this fact the figurea ehow tht tho volume of business is large on the whole and larger tb an ever before at about halt the leading centers outside of New York City. All indication point to the fact that general business 1b getting into better shape steadily and the assurance cf g jod crops and a fair market abroad for our producta ia stimulating most lines of trade ia this city. Tbe dry goods interests seem in the ma'n healthy, and the demand is beginning to be quite active, absorbing large quantities of gtode. In tie grocery trade the sitaatioa teems to be equally favorabl-s. The demand fry iron coritiaoes slow and quotations are abont steady. Considerable improvement in tteßtock ni8tket nas haa a beneSiial erlebt upon the tone cf trade, while tha eve of money and generally favorable cmdiüonof legitimate bneii ea, increases the filing f.f 0on6det.ee that tbe autumn trade will be a eatitiactory one.

A 'BISCO ENs-ATION.

Zx-fctater fcharou Arretted on the Charge of Adultery. East Feakcisco, Sept s Et-Senator Sharon wai arrested this afternoon on a charge of adultery as he was taking the train for tha Fast. The chsr was preferred by Mies Aggie Hill well-known in a -ciety circles. Ibe lady claims a contract of marrisgs was drawn up and egretd to betw-ei hm; that in addition she loaned him t'JOOOO, $78 000 of which he had repaid ber She d!i4. the matter in the herds cf a man named V. M. Neila n, cf unreliable reputation, with instrcctiors to c'aim the balance cf 12 003 eaid to be doe brr. and at the rams time swore out a wiitcbarging Sharon with adultery. It is s ated Sharon dres his check for the amount, and gave h ind for $5 000 ta answer tbe charge. - Mit Hill bsts her claims on a prt mite tf marriage, and tht. fact of ai agreement of marnace. as sie Etat-, hsv-üj bsen entered into betwn herself au i biiaron. bcluirg that in point of law it is eqiivatent t" a ma'tiafc cfrfmony. Tbe arTsir is openly rren unced a niisrebie case of black mailing, kept berk until tbe last moment wnn ßharon w.s ltßvirjp for the KisL Kx-SeriAtor fcharon'a fM nds were cms p'cuouely absent tdsy. N-jn" of ttm were to te tern at bis bcte. Frank G Newland, FbeTou'a eon in-law, lecked up. Newland hes epj eremlw gone net of twn. It, a-ai aaid this evetnrg tht Sharon's political rnemies wete corcemed in a pl t in which thy l ave iuepired Mi Hill, who claims to be bio wife, lo take this action for the purpose of rVereeMizc himron's political i- d ie ice in Nevada. Tbe ex-Senior gve 1 5 sJ bond to epjear Tuesday next before the PoPoe C urt to eLfwer the adultery charge, bot as he his gone F.it and can noi appear a bench warrant for his arrest will be i-sued, his eoeaiies beirg d.?eimir.ed to make matters a j UflpltihCLt for him as possible. FATAL JKSLOÜ-iT. A Georgia t'.til Dlswrabowels Pier (Itval la the AfJeciions ot a Country Swale. Black Shear. Gt., Sept. 8 A tUi lcdanoe in the lower pat of Pierce Coontv was tbe cer.e e f a tat guinary eucouitr htween two c entry lasea ittt night. Miss M?tl Smith aid her niece. Mi fioxy Wi-ao'i, both daih'er3of re?pecable frar-andb -Hesof the venlng. wer rivals for the hnd of a ct'uritrjesf iD, whose pereonal attrac ions were er lai.ced ia the cye-of tbe maiaent- by- a 10,OtOesta'e to which he is tLe only Leir. Ilia prtferercer-f Mis Pniiih's enmivsny cas very marked, and Miis V"i:on hecacie nfariit9d wi!h jealou-y. At 11 o'clock she was so toedJtr.d tha? ehe made e p-n th'eV.3 that ehe would kill buh her ri vat ani hr lover. Her brother, who was present, untred Lis si ier anger, and while they wer all etaicicg iu the surne eet about lo'düight eert-tly pat so open kr ife into his sisterV hand aid went n with the danc. Fuddenly raisins the kr.ife above her h"!, tht ijfun,d won an f racg UfHn her sunt, ad at ihe firet a rike blmlt diemtoweled I;t. B-fore the horrified spec'atora cwld recv-T from their aatcniiLmect 6he raised the knife fcgam and planned it to the hilt m tbi dying wonun'e br,sst, cuttir ga pssh which laid upn her dre?s and exj-oted the bleeding wonr.d to v.ew. With--eut waiting to see the erJVct of the wouods tbe murderess sprang like a t?greys toward the throat of the swain, bat was e-iz-Kl and d:; armed before she could ai-npl'-h bea pcrpot e. The weman'a brother mads no attempt to interfere while the tra?-dy was beirg erected, and when it wna vr otlnaly walked away and haa not been seen sinoe. The murderess, who is an unoomruoaly bands me country girl of nineteen veara, la t rder arrett. Her father is said to be worth (25 000, and to have announced his intention to epend every cent of it If necessary to clear her. JEMK MtOKAW PI?Kt'S WILL. Her Huaband ISeeksl to Break the Ics'roznent by WKlcH Oornelt Uotvcratty Qeta 1,500,000. Ithaca, N. Y.,Sf pt 6. The Ithaca Journal h'.s a five-column account of the attempt to annul the will of the estate cf the late Jennie McGaw Fieke,( whereby Cornell University received 11 500 C0), at tne instance of her busbar d, Pn feasor Wiliard FUke, ex LPirarian of the University. A clause in tne chartor forbida tbe University to hold property in excess ot $3 OuO.COO. The Univtr-ity sottoritits refuse to disclose or outline the defense. A decree opering a final accounting, by consent of the Kxecutor Btardmaa of the University was made to-day at the bearing in tje Surrogates Court of Ithaca. The ift'.ie involea tue title to the celebrated Fuke mansion on University Hill and other property in nddilion to tho peraocal ata-e. Profeecr Fieke is now residing at Fiorence, Italy. President White intended leaving Southampton, Kngtand,for Ithaca yearday. Kxecutor Board mau embodies ibe f blowing agreement in the affidavit replying to tha itltit n of r.ske for" reopening: Leoatiow ok thi Cnitf states op Amf.hica, BcauN. Juiy 14, lesi. f In ooirflJeratton of the tf-scsteul t.l Jennie ilctiaw. ot Itbua, N. Y., to arry ice, and other o'i):di-ia;loi a. I tdo coutrict a-td-acree tbat the eball bare, &teesa, o-ntrol and aione cf ber ' pre ;rty after our marriage iu the Aiae manner ai d voaa ptrt-KtaDd ma cvranlete eittMe-Slf aba ted remained sit gle aud ni married Wltrrea rr-v haul and seal ts dv a"d vear firht ek-ieeaid. WiU-AkU Kiea.r., Id tl e presence of Andrew D. Vmw ad 1). I). Boarcmaa. Ibe date Las not been egreed upn for the beerirgon theeeopeuit g Öal friuntlug. Ths artka f Fitke is characterized as irreconcilable with tbe public address ai d 13 ing of a correr-etor.e at commnf ement. Tbe Java Dtaaater. Akstebpak, Sept. 5. i"be fact that the Dutch Controller at Katlmaong. Sumatra, waa faved, tcgetber with his fami'.y, indicates that the destrcctioa of life ia that quarter by the volcanic eruption wa not aboiute. Cue Europan book-keeper and two native rt,en were the only persons whose lives wer saved at Merak, where not a buitdtne was left etandirg. At Sane'j-rsr Priek, fi.'ty-elght miles di-lant, the sea suddenly rose iglt feet and tben fell ten feet, caubing widespread destruction in that region. Tbe Batavia floating dock, which went enbore at TorjoDkkaik. was floated with very slight damage. In view of the fact taat the Nederland Steamship Company's atearner I'rircefe Amelia arrived at BavU t-vday, and tbe Rotterdam Llovd'a ateamer Bitavta yesterdav, ft ia believed the 6and Strait is atill navigable with proper caution. Ioangnrated Qoveraor. LonsviLLE, Sept, 4 Ten thousand people witmseed tbe inauguration of Hon. J. Pioetor Knott, aa Governor of Kentucky, at Fienkfort, tc-day.. TbecUywas elsb ira'ely d'coiated. Ex-Governor Blackburn, in his valedictory, reported hia excuses for numerous pardons made before tbe Dercocrat'o Con enticn. in this ci'y, lat spring, and waa this time patiently listet ed to. G vernoelfct Knott followed in a short inaugural addree, in which he said: "I declare here distir ct)y and irrevocably that in no cac w'll I grsiit a pardon cr remit the penai coasettienre of conviction for criminal orTnse ut 168 1 shall be felly estieSed It would be cr jt;et to covict." After tbe Inaagursl oath ma admia-Utered by Chief Jnr Uargis, the ccrtmccies closed abcut 3 o'clock.