Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 14, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 May 1883 — Page 7

V

THE INDIANA STATE SENTIUEU WEDNESDAY MAY 0. 1883.

OUR FAK1I BUDGET.

Deron Cows for Batter-Orer Fed Animals. Sneep Shoarinar and Wool Something About May Piffs. Transplanting Varieties of Indian Corn-ma Importance ortaeThorougb Preparation of the Soil Cultivation of Molona Farm Notas, Etc. Old CuRtoms. Old e-jto ! Well our children say We jtet alonf without tbecn: Bnt you and I, dear, to our aay Had other thought about tnem. -The dear old habits of the past 1 ea.i not choose but love them. And Üb. to think the world at lat liaj toared io far above them. We lud not. In the year gone by. The graca that art discovers; Our live were calmer: yon. aad I Were very simple lover. And whea. oar dally dutlei done. We strayed beside the rushes, Tht only K-fias you tver wore Were fcnjht and blooming blushes. Our rutic war waaslOT. but yet Some ? kwI tbere waa about it; And njAjy ills we now regret Old babiw would have routed. I know our children still can ea Tha tifih commandment's beauty May löey obey, ns once did we. Fr jia love, aud not from daij. The wor'd t day la far too hi?h In wi'd-jtn to confess them. But well we know dear, you and I, For wHat we have to blest them. Though lt-ve was hi the heart of each. 1 tremble to accost you. Hd sou required a polished spjech. I taiua I anould have lost you. No oobt on r minds are slow to gng The way they are not heedlotc Bnt here upon our memory'! pass Is very simple realln. It say the formt we still hold fast Were wise as well as nleasant The good oil customs o( tha pV Have leaveaed all the pre-iQt, NeT,Yoikßua. Devon Cowl for Ittr 'We have been looking, t;er tr ports o 'what Devon cows have just tjeen doing in the batter line amoag Y, a id find that nineteen of the cows bare jba producing frota fifteen to twenty pound fire ounces eaca of best totality of Vitter per week. Considering the.iT rediura Bize and economy to keer, the are great j;Ids; but in yearj vone by there are records of still larger yieldr, nearly eaaling those of the most famous Jeraey f tb present day. Th Devons, however, not only excel in tbs dairy, bat in eeceral ther resptct. They are very xprrlor as storking oxen, have a quicker p -and grrater endurance than any other bree, and are the mo.t pow-ertr I of "ail f thnr sire. When fattened, they turn ou ancice ! .lity of beef. Thtu we see that I bey are a most excellent general purixise breed" good in the dairy, for work, and fur tna shambles. The only other cat tie thst er.T crurred to theru iu uniting so many superior qualities are tlx Iied Polled Norfolk arul Suffolk, which, in favt, are hornless Devoira. The I'-'os bars been much iieglct?d by the pubr?'for-twenty years or bo past, botn in Y.irc I arc-.l and in America; but atwr.tion ia now awtlrr.nios t their great merits, end we have staoitt rLey will soou coaie into as hipd fvr a'ain at formerly; for, aside from their iled conveners, no cattle are eoprotiiab!y b.fd a?d raided on limbic pastures, hilly, rocky districts. At a public sale of eighty-six "lot? of Devoc the pit year in England, they averaged f ) each. One cow of these mid for $0:20 aad a bull for $875, while act! brought fifty ir.ceaä('2j0). Tnese are atoat-i'ö per cent higher prices than the averap of any herd of either Guernsey, Jersey or k-yrshire cattle told for In 11 jgland in the yar 1SS2. We can learn from this the appreciation of Devaoij in their own native land. exhibiting Over-fed Anlnst'a. Attention is at length arors 1 to this perniciB! prnctio. both in Arten: i and Great Britain. Jver fed auimals i re sf oiled for breein purposes, and being in & feverish state, tseir luat is not fit to eat. -lit fact; it is loadet! -fat, instead ot tender, well marbled lean. AVe nave seen cattle so -fat at the agricolta -al &hows that they could not be driven tingle rod without whetriDg, and sheep and awine so overloaded, they could not get cp w'tout being helped ty their attendaats nd when np -could not stand aloae a riegle minute. We hope nimals herrafle? exaihited in sucn condition will be ruled out of the show yards, or the judpee iaeCracted to pass them Lf and not award them any prizes. T:e Preparation ot tha Roil. Philadelphia Record,! To pet tke toil in the finest poeeibJo condition te coro important than any otter mat'tr cotcHet eo with the growing of -a crop. The soil it tue receptacle from which all growing plant derive noari&htuent, and the deeper.' aer and clemer it is ttx better will the plarfit be enabled to make Load way until maturity. Tbe eartn supports the plant in psiinra, moistens it and provides food prviou-J7 prepared for its growth. All toi!, as to the vegetable matter in th-u. ao rttrived from rocks, having been d'siiit''ng aud worn to fragmentary parti clee yii l cold, air and water. Whatev r may -Uavrt been the ebaaacter of the rock, tc fame peculiarities are in the soiL Iauertoue root j are an indication that the soil i-s liirestone, while granite rocks denote a soil bw:ndin in potash, and the oftener we stir th huI to admit the air end its consiituentk )Lgfu, carbonic acid. uid moisturethe finer become the particles of soil. Toe Eoi.'lih farmers make It -a point to work the land over several tues before putting in Im eed, the result being a much larger averepe of erain than is grown here. They aua&urs heavily, also, bat place more dependence upon the careful preparation of the ted- bed than they do in after cultivation, na iicuyr what the crop may te. The roots of 4'.lants penetrate not -only in every dtpection below the surface and near the top, but downward also. The top rooti are sentlar beneath the subsoil in fliest of moisture, bot iu the subsoil, or even the lower part of the soil, is hard aod eoaipact, there is tore or less difficult in tLe performance of their duties. The sooner the top urontft can reach th moist earth beiw the quicker the pianta get started ana!4ecom able to end a re droxxht All the rxKa grow larger, more Baaceroua and itrongr, if therr have a light looee oil in which to vor k and spread out, while en.ouragemect 1 alsoriven to the developiSiu nt of the Mirface, or feeding rooU. it it ein be mad possible to have a field a iie a a garden ic preparing the soil it will be at olc erident to all a,-bo are familiar with ardm cnltuce that the preparation is the! eoi 'it j of tbetrop. When a l:ttU. Sf-d is placed in the auil e deiUitnotontythegeraiof the future but. jJJant its infatitiood aUo, for natore wisely urHi in the seed the proper nourishment uececsary for the first stages of growth, and coiweaently all plants are enabled to grow, eve. in a completcjy barrea soil, for a period varying with, the quantity of food so prepared. When the plant has exhausted the matter Tt i thin the seed iU young rootleu begin to reach out through the soli in every direction for moisture, food, and. we might say heat. If the soil is not in a line condition every rootlet is compelled to search for that which it needs by passing over, around and under the obstacles in the way, such as clods, lumps and stones. If the soil is fine they at once penetrate every portion, and during the process other roots er tent out The more readily available the plant food the more vigorous and healthy are the roots, and the greater the

number of roots the quicker the growth of the plant, not only from the beginning but until maturity. In preparing the soil the selection of the plow with which to do the work ia an important matter. Oar modera plows, with all their improvements, are not fjerfect. What we need is a plow that turns tha soil, crushes- the clods and pulverizes them. We are compelled at present to CSe the htlTOWS, and that. too. very often, in order to get the

soil fine; bat agriculture is progressive, and no doubt the time will loon ar ive wnen tue whole of this laborious work will be done at one operation. Cultivation of Melons. Farmers' Rerlew. The proper soil for all the cucumber fry r, which includes melons and iqaasr jg a rich, sandv loam. The same ia tr' w matoee. If your foil is clayey a per nnd or more mlied in a hill will be bectficial, Bines it will., in a great measur vrotect the roots from too much dampner A C ponauch soils we have had the bes. SU' DV throwing apart ten deep furrows, wrlTTe the hills were to be, lining mein wi'jk weu rotted manure, ana tnen p .osrrtiir in lands. acordinjr to the croe. five feet apart ivi miuiu"i g- iggj jyr musa-j . f.-v m mi M rv Katl . a M t melon, nine feet .or watermelons and twelve feet for sque q. Leave good deadä furrows between, t xA. fcarrow thoroughly tofi fully nne tue su ace. if the crop is to he late one plant .-ei fnlentvof it) in hilli as direc t, K the crop is to be an early one star f yoj plants as directed in meririutni Kevietr ot lteceTDer 3U. 1, article, "Fr jCticai Karket Oardening." We alasys pie ji pleety of winter 8'juash seed aoout in t hills of all tne cucuuioer inoe. They eat tnese tender leave in prefer to anything else. Watch close1 j for tie first appearance of the striped beet'iM ard kill them. They sometimes cor ie ia such quantities as to destroy a crop in a single day. A fine rose watering pot of '-old watr, a whisk broom, a dust-pan and a paa with coal oil in will enable you to effectually destroy them. uve the hill a sprinkle with the water, and then use the waisk to brush them into the pan and dump into the eil. If necessary, drain ctF the oil into another can, dump out the contents and touch a match to the pile, thun o ahead tilling gain. This is the best plsn we know wfcen the beetles are very thick. The cultivation is simple: plow or cultivate the land es long as possible. When the vines nave nan nearly tw,o feet, with the handle of a rake lav the vines over the right and left of one of the lands; plow this lightly with a one-hor.se plow, turning to the hills. Then lav them back and so proceed us til vnti hav eine over the whole place. Do notro afraid of getting the rtdges toj high, but they should not be sharp. It is the itpst and best way Of raistcg vines ou. prairie soil, and especially if it be clay. a strong Sheep-Shearing and Wol. I Commercial Gazette Tne time for shearing hasonie. it pays to shear before the wool has made a fetart of growth, after the sheep go to grass, as .here is a weak place in the wool which the buyer detects at once, and ditcounts accoraingiy. Then, too, the loss from tags is not so great if shearing is done before the wool is befouled, and it must be when ehcepchanga from dry feed to eras. With long wools the ta2 become enormous and tue loss great. The sheep snfler more frrxn heat than cold, and the twelve to fiftecr-poued See e Is a heavy tax on a hot day. The lambs, too. do better after the ewes are sheared, provided the owner cares enough for them to din lhem. a week after the sheep have been sheared. I?y this time the tioks will have left the dams and taken possession of the lambs. They will do no good until the ticks are destroyed. Shall we sell waahed or unwashed wool? is a question that sheep men have wrestled with a long time. Th old plan ol waitinu till the water in the river or mill .pond U war", so that the men and sheep can safely endure the annual torture of ebeep wash ing, has made bheep shearing eome later than necessary. Then, too, the belief that the wool gets heavier and eyeesler in the warm weather leads some to put off shear ing till late In Mar. But the -disc juut of filthy tags takes oil" all the fancied gain that may come from grease. A Boston wool firm is about to re vol u tioniza this shearing time and heep washing. A scouring mill is to be built near San Antonio, Texas. The manufacturer has concluded that it does not pay to haul four pounds of dirt with every three pounds of wool taken from Texas to Boston, while it will ost no more to scour the wool in Texas than in Massachusetts. If this enterprise succeeds it will soon put an end to the old fashion of sheep washiDg, as other States will (follow the sensible example of cotirine wool before shipment to the manufacturer. Then wool growers can sell wool on its merit, and the farmer who has kept his sheep out of the filthy barnyard and foul wood 'lots where burrs abound, will not be discounted for the carelessness of thoe who now care little as to the condition of wool, since arool is not paid for according to condition, but is classed' as "lone." "medium," "line." etc The careful man loses, while the -clown gains. Had for I he Pic. IV. The cool changes of the spring have been most unfavorable for young ptg. Scaurs and thumps prevail. The percencege saved alur farrowing is below the average d'igs and lambs have come weak. Even the chick ens have not made the average hatch. The colt crop has not been heard frotu yet. An old farmer snys he has noticed tiatrcoen the quality of corn in the fall is .poor the pigs, lambs and colts in the following pring come weak. The feeding value of the corn crop of last tau was far below the average. Feeders and breeders notice this in the condition of ani mals that have been wintered on graiu aud loa n er. ine cnally oats crop has not im proved the feed much. Breeders who Lave been feeding largely of mill-feed complain most ol the scours among the young pij. Taoee who feed most liberally sooa after .farrowing have also been most troubled. Thump, among young pigs, come to those kept In close quarters, and the sows feed too buch. Whensucking pigs two to six weeks old show a tendency to become too fatid to thump, the best remedy is to get the as oat of the pens in the day time, into a hört blue grass pastare, where they will take x reise. If the pigs will not follow away from the beds, they should be driven out ofbrdht dar, and compelled to exercise. When we can get sows and pigs on to a blue grass lot, and induce them to go out of the btds and pens a few hours each day to exercise and graze in sunlight., we have no fears of thunapsor that other scourge which kas been common this spring, viz.: sore mouth,

W. C. Osborn. of Illinois, writes us that hundreds of pigs there hare died of eore mouth. He finds that whenever the young pigs bite one another or their own lips or tongues vlth their teeth there comes a sore. We have found, too, that a good remedy la to cut ot? these teeth. If those troubled with sore mouth among pigs will examine (heir teetfe they will find them as sharp aa aeedles, aztd cutting the lips ot the pigs as a beginning of sore mouth. If pigs have had enough freek air and sunshine and exercise, in healthy, elean lots, and had wholesome too and cleac. dry bed, there will be very few -eases of sore mouth. Bat the custom of baring pigs come in March makes it necessary to keep the pens closer, and the pigs can not go out into the grass lots in cold winds to get tie exercise and fresh air necessary to keep them and the dams In perfect heaillo. We have never known casas of sore month among May pigs, that hare had reasonably good core and suitable quarters. Attention to the laws of health is the prevent! ye. L, H. li. Traoapla.atlngCountry Gentleman. There are two principal parts in the opcr -

ation of tracsplantinr j.eeSi namely: 1.1

muog luem uui again. If both are performed the trees will lire and fltfeh; if either is badly done they may e nty not survive. There is no necessity 4W. ing tree in ten thousand; many trfc tae, are successful if they do not lose 4 n fifty. X neighbor, who un.lerstoc an business, procured one spring 100 pears trs, standards and dwarf'3t arefnl narseryman who WIS always n&rttealar to give good roots. He ,0f'tjvein the 1,700, or one in AO; but this 1 x-as fivw too many . A year or two later lrled aaio, and i-orraased a moueana Wandard trees at sarme nursery. Eveiyene '.ived aul grew Tigcroasly-tbere was not a feeble tree in the new orchard. All the trees wereT'od, and the work well done throughout. Many trees ere lost from tooger a desire to plant cat large ones. Each trees have large and long roots, and nearly all these roots are left in the ground n digging theeu. They are sererely checked in growth; tbeyare more liable to be worked about in tb ground by the wind, one of the worst tMngsthat can happen to a newly-eet tree; and they have less power to throw out new roots than smaller or yonnger trees. The smaller tree is, provided it is in a thrifty condition, the more easily the roots are taken with it, and the quicker it recovers from anr check. It needs no extra stiffen ing against the wind. An apple tree should nnt h over one or two years from the graft, and such a tree, under good cultivation, will be larger and handsomer in live years tnan a four-year tree set out at the same time, . - . ii ft i J with an -equal amount oi iauor oesioweu uu itVarieties of Indian Corn. Massachusetts Ploughman. The exhibits of seed-corn made during the past sjatutun Indicate that the farmers are alive to the importance of improving this most 'Important grain. While it is yet too early to decide which variety will eventual ly take the lead, it is evident that at present he eight-rowed, long-earea yenow vaneues find the most favor. In this clars there are vartotions, which have been produced by lelecfcon. Each grower having peculiar ideas of his own, he selects according to his ideal cf perfection. Some select large single ears on small stocks, others twin ears, witnoni regard to the size of the stalks; others neiect the largest ?ars with the best kernels; and still others select the earliest, with but little regard to other qualities. These diflerent methods of selection have resulted in the production of variations In the direction sought by each grower; thus proving beyond a doubt that the farmer has it in his power to improve the qualities of his corn in such direction as he may think best The important question now seems tobe: Whst are tbe most desirable points to be improved? At first thought it would seem that twin ears would stand first, but careful, observing farmers express an opinion against twin ears and give as a reason that it is better to have one large ear on a smah stalk than it is to have two ears on a large stalk, one of which;will be very sure to be medium size and often of an inferior quality ; and they argue that it is leas labor to grow two fmall s'alks containing one large ear to a stalk thsn It is to grow one large-med stalk containing two medium-sized ears; and the belief is expressed that, as the weight of the stalk which produces two medium-sized ears mut be nearly equal in weight to the two stalk? that have one large ear each, the fodder of the latter, be.ng smaller, will be taten by the cattle more readily. If each farmer continue to select seed according to his par ticular idea, at a future period of time, a comparison of the oualiUes of tuediltdrent variations each has secured, will settle, at least in a measure, which method of selec tion secures the most desirablequ&litit s. Farm Nutea. A scnnr.ernonz vine at the Tokay vine yard, near Fayetteville, N. C, bears 103 bushels of grapes a year. There are other vines in the same vineyard which produce from twentt-five to forty bushels. The vines were set out twenty-five years ago. Aberdeen. Miss , has an incorporated silk company. The manager, wfao is well c qnainted with the business, states that h believes the Sinthern States better adapted to the profitable eel ti rati en oC lk than any other country in which silk ia cultivated at the present time. The term hybrid is quite loosely used by many h miculturists aud farmers. If twj varieties of one species are united or crossed we get a variety-hybrid; if two species tf one genus are crossed we get a species-hybrid; if two species of different genera are eroded, we get a genne-hybnd. Remember, when setting out plants of any description, to spread the roots ont in their natural position, not cover them when cramped or doubled ap. Be careful not to cover the crowns of strawberry plants with earth; set them just level with the surface, 1 A, . l M , - A .1 ana press me earia nrnuy aeowi mem. The Guenon system for judging of the milking qualities of cows by the escutcheon consists in arranging tbe animals into three groups large, middle and small. The es cutcheon signs are divided into eight classes, tbe growth in ways and for.ns of the reversed hair forming what is known as the escutcheon. Whilo many good breeders consider it an infallible method, others, on tbe contrary, have not found it reliable. Beans are so extremely sensitive to fro9t and cold that it is useless to plant them be fore the middle of the soring, when the ground has become warm aud light. Hoe often to stir the ground, butonlv when dry. became earth scattered on the leavps when they are wet with dew or raia will cause them to rust. The bpr cjndition for the growth ot gra?s is a sou hrm. well disintegrated as a whole. nut wittj a enaojiü and line surface tilth. This condition also answers for the cereal grains with which gras is uiually mwu Winter wheat is the best crop with which to sow grass s-ed, rpring wheat next and oats the wort of all. At the last meeting of the Xorth Ameri can Bee Association a Commits was at pointed to gather statistics It is believed that full statistics as to the numb'r of colonies of bees in the country and the product from them will surprise evert body and lead apiculture to bs better appreciated as one of thi important industries of the country. Tbe ox-eyed daisy has becotue a great pest in some portions of thecountrv. Those who are troubled with this weed should bear in mind that it is propagated by seed and not by the root, and to rid themselves or it they have only to mow 09 'ore tbe eed is ripe. It may require to t-easons to rid a held entirely ot tbe innont-lookingn jwer. The great value of Jersey cattle is illustra ted in a recent sale of a young Jersey bull calf, only six weera old. for $1200. The bull was sired by Black Prince of Hanover. dam Eurotus ani was s'ld by Peter C. Kellogg A Co. to Messrs Miller & Sibley, on ac fount of Mr. A. B. Drhn:, proprietor of the Fifth Avenue Hotel, New York, who lias a fine farm In hem Jersey. Chickens when first hatched ebou.d not be hurried out of tbe setting nest. For twentyfour hours at least from tbe time tbe earliest commence to show themselves it is better to leare them under or with the bea mother. They need no food for from a day tu a day and a half usually. When they get strong enougi. to venture from beneath their mother's wings it is tims to more tbe brood. Verr careful axperim mts made in New York last season chow that the flat culture of potatoes produces the finest tubers and the largest yields. The best results followed the Dutch method of planting, which consists in keeping the surface level, planting a single eye in a plac covering it six inches deep and allowing but at single stalk to grow in a hill, which are a foot apart each way. Wet lands should not be plowed deep until they hare been thoroughly drained. Alluvial soils and deep clay loamy, whera the surface and subsoils do nt't materially differ, can scarcely be tilled ioo deeply. Tbia foils, however, should not be plowed

below the available plant food. It takes twice as much manure to fertilize land

when it la plowed to a depth of ten inches. as when it is plowed five inches; on the other hand, by plowing only five inches ceep tbe soil will be exhausted ruocn quicker than when tbe plowing is only tew inches. A correspondent of the Farmers' Review has practiced during several winters the plan of keeping apples in dry eand, poured into the filled barrels after storing in the cellar, and finds it a "decided Improvement" on any other ever tried, the fruit remaining till late spring "as crnp ana apparently as fresh as wben first gathered. He does like wise with potatoes, and uses tbe same eanri year after year. The practice of some of tbe best farmers nOW is to keep pigs through the summer on green food, cut aud carried to the pens, with a little grain, and what milk can be spared after butter making. Spring pigs are thus made to weieh 'JßO pounds at seven months old, and. except in the last month, they et little grain. The best time to sell such pics is at the beginning of cold weather, usually in October. An agriculturist draws attention to the cuiious fact that in a field of beet sown this year a space some U3t'20 feet was shaded by plain trees. Ihe dillerence between the plants thus grown in the shade and full light, was very marked; in the shade a notable percentage of roots ran to seed; the foliage was developed at tne expense or tne bulbs, and the yield of the sugar was three times less. r rrnch Correspondent. The roots of many plants retain their ri tality under intense temperatures. BoillUg water has been applied to some without in jury to them, and some plants absorb pois ons that are destructive to other?. The seeds on which birds have fed often retain their powers of germination for a long period, as tbe birds sometimes carry them in their bodies from one country to another, where they have grown and multiplied. To obtain two crops of potatoes a year. Dig first crop soon as ripe, which in this latitude must be some early sort like Eirly Sunrise; place in a dry, warm place two days, then cut in single eyes; place pieces into pans or boxes containing dry plaster of gypsum for ten days. This absorbs the moisture, aud then they are ready to plant. The second crop is best for eeed, es they come out in the spring plumper and fresher than the hrst crop. l'otato ine. A gpod sign ot the times is that so many voung men in startmz to farm adopt im proved stock, and they become enthusiastic. earnest and ambitious, which alone will bring success, and all the more certain on the high tide of improved stock breeding. Stock of some kind is essential to suece-stul farming, and improved stock brings the r? pre fit, quickest returns, and gives a chtiin of prosperity and dignity to the farm. Western Agriculturist. Tli artichoke may be propertied bv pfd or offset suckers, separated in the spring When raised from the seed let tbemb wn early in the spring, say at the time of the dowering of the peach, in drills a f. ni-sri and four inches apart in the drills. The next It'vAii transplant to peruiaaant bed Jin hills three fset apart each way, with three plants to a bill. It requires a deep, rich loiru. abounding in moisture, and may be protect ed in winter by a covering with litter or earth. The French hotel and restaurant keepers are sa d to preserve their supplies of potatoes in tne following manner: The tubers are tirst washed and then, a few at a time, by means of emalt baskets, are plungsd into boiling water and held there i it four sec onds; they are then dried and flored. This treatment destroy es the vitality of tbe bud or "eye?," and there is no tendency to eprout but the potatoes keep sound and of good flavor uutil the next crop comes in. Ameri can Agriculturist. A correspondent of Gardening Illustrated frays: 'V ash the cabbages well with strong -out and water, and on the first dry day d-ist the ground around the cabbagt s with qu el lime, and pick as many of the caterpillars off as,youcan hnd: and during the muter gaslime the land and leave it in rioges to catch the frost, and verr few insects will trouble yon again. The odors emitted from gas-IIme are so pungent that neither moth, butterfly nor mole will remain on land that is dressed rith it." The Nebraska Farmer says that among the rfoent discoveries of the veterinary profession is the following plan for ascertaining whether or not the various animals are pregnant: Listen attentively with your ear applied to the right flank of tbe animel. oeginning on the higher pirt and gradual? fchifiing downward. In six or eignt weeks after coupling tbe beating of the heart of the fa-'.us may ba distinctly heard twice, or more than twice as often as the- dam's, an 1 each pulsation will show the double beat n ; of the fe'al heart. Careful experiments in Germany seen to show that cows milked three times a day yield milk richer in fat ttan if milked but twice daily. There also appears to be a somewnat larger yield of milk from the three millings. In one instance reported the difference in the yield for eleven day?, the cd ws being first milked three Mmes a day for that period and tben twice a day for the same period, was five pounds of milk a day. Such a gain, both in quantity and richness, would make a large item in the course of a year. It has been estimated that a horse fed on 100 pounds of hay will yield 172 pounds of fresh dang; loo paunds of oats gave 204 pounds of 111 inure, and 100 pounds of grass but 4." pounds of dung. A horse furnishes, if well fed, about 12 000 pounds of solid dung aud 3 GOO pounds of urine annually. Toe ni am; re from the streetcar stables in New York was found by Johnson to contain 0 53 ptr cent, of mtr--cn. Reckoning twothirds of ihe solid and fluid droppings tared, we have 10 000 pounds, or five tons of manure, to each horse, containing 53 pounds of nitrogen. A KEFOKMEÜ IU7UGLAR. II Heroines Superintendent of a Kant-h at 300 a Month, Detroit Free Press. "Is the criminal reporter in?" "Yes. What do you want?" "You have forgotten me, I suppose r "No, sir. I haven't. You are Bill Mvles, who telped crack the safe in Day & Duke's grocery on Woodward avenue in 1807, and yon got tire years for it. What do you want?" "I want to talk with yon. I've come a good deal over 1,000 miles to see yoa and one other person. Do yon remember the time when I was convicted over in the Recorders Court in the old City Hall?" "Yes." "Do you remember what you wrote about me in the Free Tress the next morning?" "You wrote: 'Myles doesn't look like a criminal, but his identification was complete. It is his first effense, and he will regret it for fire years at least.' I read that in the Free Press the next morning as I was being taken to Jackson, and t hope words 'Myles doesn't look 'like a criminal,' made a deep impression upon me, probably for the reason that I had not beard a kind wotd f jr a long time before. I cut those words out and pated them np in my cell. I have come here to-day to thank you for writing them." "Why."' "Because they helped me to become an honest man.'' "As an honest man, what are you doing to earn a livelihood?" inquired the repjrter. "When I came to Detroitin 1K56 my mother Lad jnai. died, and my father had been dead many years. It doesu't matter what part of the East f came from. After mother died I sold ererylhing we owned and came West, locating here in Detroit. I got work in a store, aud was getting apng nicely when I made the acquaintance of Charley Jones. In those days he . was the gayest boy in j the business. Inside of six months

be had taught me all tbe ropes in town. I lost my situation in the store, ran through my money, and when he proposed to crack tbe safe 1 was ready for it. Yon know all about that. Regret it! You never wrote anything truer than that in yonr life My God! how I did suffer in that Prison! Long before my time was out, and . I had only served three years and ten mouth', I

made np my mird to 'eouare ihe box,' and l was never nappier in my life than when I walked out Of that Prison. That was in the spring of 1371. I went to Chicago and from mere to oc. Loa n. Igitworkia a wholeSale grocery etore, charged my Dime I sha'n't tell you what it is now, for I'll cot give yoa a chance to give me away and I worked bard. The boss took a fancy to roe, and five yean ago he 6ent me up Into Nevada to look alter a cattle ranch He and his brother own np in there. That suited me. and I became a herder and now I am Supeiintendent of the ranch and get $300 a month. I came down to St, Louts on buM ness a month ago, and thought I'd take a run up here and see Detroit once mora. I'm going back to-night Good-by. old fellow! lou did me a good turn, aad 1 11 rever forget it," AN HEROIC SWITCH MS-N. Us Meets tils Death In a Futile Effort to Save a Woman's Life. iNew York World. April 29.1 As the New York express train from Phil adelphia on the Pennsylvania Railroad, which left tbe latter city at 5 o'clock yester day efternoon, was entering Jersey City at 7:20 the gates at tbe Newark avenue crossing were descending as a neatly-dressed woman was approaching from the side nearest to Henderson street. Tbe gate tenders alwavs begin to drop the gates while there is ample time for predestrians to cros. and 4 the gate was stopped to allow 'the woman to pass. bhe reached the upper ide of the crossing, that toward Grove street, before the gate was do n and there she stopped. Tbe gatemsn at the crank on the upper side halloed to her to hurry up," but she paid no attention to the warning and abruptly turned on her heels and started to recross the rails. On rearing the lower side, although the train was at Borrow street, two blocks away, the careful catetender on that side shouted to hurry up, as the train was rapidly approaching, bnt ste turned to the right and seeing ihe train oming dashed to the fence just above the flagman's hut at the east side of the crossing, She clutched two palings of the fence, one with each hand, and jast as she did this Liwretice o"Brien, a switchman, went V her d. nli hough the train was nottcventy five y tid a ay. The distance between the'train aud fTc wa. tM narrow for thTe to b- the i test ruir f the woman saving h-r life, -t auu'.d have been earned in by tue -U.V1...1 .1 the train and cru.-hfU to death .u-r me wiieeis. mis vat manifest to (J'Drieri. but he concluded to sicri rice his in l.l iu mve that of the woman. He t inpc-d t 1 the fence, for he had lost the Use f out' leg in the rvice of the Company. tmi, ctciig hold of the woman, tried tit lir ver ttie fence to the street of Kailroad avenue, where she would be away from diuger, but she had become excittd by the approach o. tbe t rat u, and, being a srour, powerful woman, ror.de a vigorous but fatal resistance, despite O'Brien's words of warn ing, bhe f night him stubl-ornsr, and when h1 found it was too late to hurl her over the fetic, he warned ber to clirg to it with all her strength. Just as he was preparing to hold her with one hand and setz the fence with the other, she fainted or fell backwards cn the track. O'Brien reached out to sae her from falling. His right arm caught her body as it reached the rail, but just then the train thundered along and he was struek by tbe pilot and hurled over the fence into the street. The woman Jell on the track. Her head was hit by the engine aid turned so that the entire train oassed over ber body lengthwise, complerely cu 1 ting the body in two. The horribly man gled body was gathered up and conveyed to the Morgue. O'Brien was little les9 fortunate He was not killed outright and was carried to Week's drug store at the corner of New ark avenue and Henderson strtet, but died before medical aid could be summoned O'Brien was a married man and lived at No. 205 Railroad a venne. He was thirty-eight years old. He has been employed bv the Railroad Company or several years. O Brier: lost the use 01 ms right Jirg two years 0 while endeavoring to save tbe life ot a little girl who a' tempted to cross the track at Henderson street. WAN IS HEB (LAVES HACK. An (ltd Lady Who Is Very Mach ltchtnd the Timet. Athens (Ga.) Banner. Judge Cobb found it necessary on Wed nesday last to prove the identity of one of the illegal voters by an old ladjr of the city named Mrs. Ogle by. who was once the owner o' a number of slaves, but is now in very reduced circumstances. Judge Cobb explained that he would not detain the lady loig, and asked if she knew tbe prisoner, pointing to a negro man. "Well, I should think I did," was her reply; "for didn't 1 raise him? end he b'iongs to me right this minir. I've got bis name and age sot down in my Bible, acd do hope that you will fix it np so as I can put him to work again. I've never sold that nigger, and he belongs to me just as much as this f rock I've got on. And thar eets another one of my niggers (pointing to aftfcond illegal voter), and he ought to be right now at werk In my garden. I tell you. Judg, this thineof rtealinga body's prop er!' is a shame, and I do hope that you. will give them back to me, there am t no law ir justice in it," The Court explained that he only vanted Mrs. Ulet-by to identify the parties, and that his jurhdiction extended no farther, as i her were now free. "Free! you say!" shrieked the old lady. ny, wiey are as rauca my niggers to-day ai they were when they were firs'- hatched. Why. yon talk. Judge, like an Abolitionist! If my old man wasn't on his back we'd pret ty soon show you how folks around town are hiring our niggen and not pat ing us oce cent for 'em! That black rascal over there knows that he belongs to me. and I've got ab nit fifieen other niggers in this here Ath ens that I'm going to see if 1 can't get beck, if there's any law in this country. Now, you just keep them two hoys locked up, and don't turn 'em loose till I tell you." Bhe left with the avowed intention of consulting a lawyer about entering suit to recover her slaves. Charles Chaoaocy Harr. Ho boke!, N. J , May 2. Charles Chauncey Burr, who nominated Charles O'Connor for 1 "resident of tbe United States ia 1872, advocated the cause of the South at the breaking ont of the War, and owner of the Daily Nstional Democrat, died to-nigbt, aged sixti-cjght years. He prepared Matilda Heron for the stage and Lola Montec fo- the lecture platform. President Pierce offered Burr the appointment of Minister to the Court of Berlin. Congestion of the brain was the immediate cause of death. N K. Warwick, Agent of the Missouri Pacific et Cincinnati, was in the city Saturday. Cox &. Pugh, druggists, Rushnlle, Wayne County, say: "We have a good sale for Brown's Irou Bitters, and it gives satisfaction." For dyspepsia, or any other stomach derangement, no other remedr can be found so pleasant, prompt and effective as Ayer'a vsiuoruc rn LH. Allen's Brain Food positively cures nerr ousnesa, nervous debility and all weakness of generatdre organs; $1; tdx for $5. Ali druggists. Bend for circular to Allen's Pharmacy. 315 First avenne. New York. Bold in Indianapolis by Browning A Sloan

CAN CONSUMPTION BE CURED ? Somo interesting Letters from the people, Which Should be Read by those Afflicted, Br. Schenck givrv the vi dence cn wlKi he bases hiSJrfertion that üONSUFtSPTlOE? CAN BE CURED Clear and explicit statements from well-known pcrson3 which should convinc the moat skeptical. Fir dlcr CirtiJicvUa of Cures, send for Dr. SeJicnrL' llook vn Consumption, Liter Complaint ami Dijpema. It girts a full dcxrription of thtxt tlitaii in their V'trfuH forms, al.-.o, ruinate information, t rtQ.ird to the dii t ttid clothing of the tick; Iiaib and irhai f. arise thoidd be taktii, cfc This took i$ the result cf many years of experience in the trentmeu. of Lnag Diseases, aud should be read, no only hy the afflicted, but by thvue irJto,froin hereditary taint of other cause, supple thanxctee lit&le to any itjectio cj the throtU or lung. IT IS SE&ST FREE Post Paid, to all Applicants. MJrcxs, J. IL Schenck d: So;,, Cor. Are and Sixth St., PhiUnUtphit, Pa. Go and nee the people who trrlte the fd hiring leiten, if possible.

Mr. Iaac Miller, of Fort Wayne, Indlannv u rites: Febki akv 7th, iSS-. Ten years ao 1 contracted a severe ci-ld, which brought me vi-ry low. 1 went from one doctor t J another, getting prescriptions from each, but the medicines they prescribed seemed to do me no good. I kept getting worse and worse, until at last I became so weak that li I went any distance from my house it seemed that 1 would never be able to f;i t back. Iwas in despair, and had stimost given up -II hope of recovery. As a lust resort, 1 went tStrope's Drug Store, in this city, and aiked him 1? he had any medicine that would help me. liesaid ! c ftnd. and he was s confident ol it that he sa:J. ' Hrre, take this bottle of Dr. Schenck'n Pulmonic Syrup, and if it docs you no j;ood you need not pay for it." 1 took ihe bottle home and commenced using it, as you directed, and it worked like m:gic. tty the time it was gone, 1 felt very much better, and so I got another bottle which completed the cure. I have since uve.t the Pulmonic Syrup in my family nunf limes with the lest results. I have al. : recommended it to nviny friends, among others Sirs. Hesser, of Plymouth, Indiana, who had CV.i sumption, and she was rured in a very short time lr. :s use. ISAAC MILLER Kn'inctr : P.rs.. Tt. Wjyne Ä Chicago R. K rtc-ikU'iite No. 44 William St., Ft Wayne, lndian.i. 1K. SciiEcif. Philadelphia, Pa. lear Sir W'oj.rc we'l acquainted wkh Mr. Isaac Mi!!-r. and can vouch f.ir the truth of the statement he send-; yoy m re.ir J t the prea benefit he received from the w of your medicines. Voiiri Truly, D. h. S TROPE & CO.. ,. ... T , Dr-ggist 1-1. AYXI- Io., Feh. üiii. lir. f Consumption Cur'l Kead this letter from lr. It tick, of La Porte, Ind. La Porte, In., I Dk. Schfnck: Jan. 31st, 1881. f In the year 1872 I was sutTering w ith Consump. i.on, and had gotten so low that I had no. hope of ever getting well again. I waited for death to put .in end to my MifTcrings. There was one of my (nerds who was persistently trying to have me use your Pulmonic Syrup and Seaweed Tonic, but I utterly refused to et any more medicine. 1 was disgusted with medicine. I had tried so many different medicines without being helped by any. Finding that I was not to be persuaded, he bought some of your Iulmonic Syrup and Seaweed 'Ionic himself, and brought thcra to mc. 1 at first refused to touch them. 1 did not want to be experimented on, but finally consented to use them merely to satisfy him. not that 1 expected they would do me any good. I commenced t;;king the Pulmonic Syrup and Seaweed Tonic, and 10 my great surprise felt almost immediate relief and was encouraged to continue using them. My condition improved under their use, until, in time I prew perfectly well, no trace cf the disease remaining. My lungs had healed up and grew strenger than ever. 1 w as permanently cured, as I have had no trouble with my lungs since that time. 1 owe my lite entirely" to 'yonr medicines. Nothing else saved mc. 1 will bear cheerful testimony to the great irtues possessed by your medicines. I know of several other cases here where your medicines have been -ised with entire success. I am well-known here, b 'intj one cf the original German settlers in La Porn. ( o., and having been in the Livery business uuj;y years. JOHN 1TTICK. N". R. I can and will, if necessary, swear before any Justice of the Peace, to all that I luve (aid in the aLovc statement. JOl!X 1TTICIC Another r-aso of Consumption Cored üt La Porte, Ind. I. Porte, I.vn., ( Dr. Sciifnck: Jan. 31st, 8i. ) About twelve years ago 1 was dangerously itt with Lung Fever. I haJ great trouble in breathing; every breath I drew caused me pain. 1 had three doctors treating me, but I grew worse all the time. I was at th it time connected with the I-alce Shore It. R. Co- One of my fellow clerks induced tne to set some of your medicines, sayirg thai he had used them himself with entire success. I sent for some of yonr Pulmonic Syrup, Seaweed Tonic and Mandrake Pills. I used them according to the directions, and in a short time noticed a marked improvement in my health, whick kept up as I continued using your medicines. After lakinc several bo! tic each of ihe Iulmonic Syrup and Seaweed Tonic I pot entirely over my sickness. Sir.ee that time I have recommended your medicines to many ther people living in La, Porte, v.ho u'vcd tlx ni with trroi success. K. W. KEBELTHAU, F-Trus:ec cf La Pcrtc Co. Tills ts to Cbrtifv, That we have told therv:.!ieincs mentioned in these certificates to Mr. Nt-cl-tliau and others, and tLnr stateruei.ts are authentic and reli .b'c. FRED'K WKSTt CO., Druse. afr. J. It. Sillier, of Ncw.-sw.lle- Ind.. rrritOM Da. SnrrvcKj Januar- al, 1SS1. ) Dear Sir My w ifesras troubled wiA Luny Disease, attended with weakness und prostration. I had doctors in Newcastle and Ilagerstown attending her, btit their skill was of no avail, f hedi.t no. f row any better tinder tlieir care. She beer.me so iw that there fcccuied to be no hope for her recovery. I then came across one of your pamphlets, and after reading ef I ho many cures made by your mcdw ines, 1 concluded lo give thcra a trir.l. So I bought one bottle each cf your " Pulmonic Syrup " and " Seaweed Tonic," whteh she used, anJ showed such a marked improvement that 1 got more of the medicines. After using a lialf dozen bottles, khe became quite well and'tdrong again. My wife has great faith in your medicines. and she think there s nothing better in the world. We keep them always in the house. Yours Truly, , J. FI. MILLER. My wife s mother was seized wjih bleedir.g vt the lungs. She also used your Pulmonic Syrup amj Seaweed Tonic, and, as in my wife's case, the iHil rnonic Syrup healed her lungs, and she found the Seaweed Tonic to be possessed of wonderfuL arcngtheoing properties. J. B, MILLER.

CottKiitu.tui f-.-tjiia.T ::;y t'iirel. C"--v;: ir. il;..". Ino.. Du. SiUKvCK. Jai.u ir, . i-vi. i-t : f Dear Sir-h id ! tr K .1 '.... ) Ci'.l. whx!l quickly ftcnc-J cn my lurjrs. 1 berime ufitle to do anything. I was cwSnc 1 to my t J. ty caw went on '."oti tai h worse. .:nd irvcmjvJ rapidly into Consumption. At the tiinj of t.ic Jr ill c?;irir the wiir. the rjtmni:i physician tcj-:. iv.i mr j. be1:1 un:i; t'r ici'vl.v, 10 ui my lu i ; : i. ? nearly rone. 1 had" given nyc!f lo u.i.i..;i J..!m i. Iin ion. who formerly lived nej-r tfi.s ii'i, n. I; vin in lmttanap-tii, reconirr.rn.ivcl i-..- to u .r SclieiK k Kcm-.-dic, as he Ii J . his own casein J lad been cured ihm-öy. 1 uid as he advised me, which proved to be my Silvation. 1 procured ime r.t your " 1'uimonic Syrup." - Seaweed Tonn;" and Mandrake Pi. Is." i commenced to use l!ien, axl found tricm to beneüt rac from the start. 1 continued to use your mcdictm faithfully, mid in s:x n.antlii time I was cr.tirtlv cured, ny lunN becoming as strong as ever; and ) jtr nicdikiücs riid the work. Yours Respectfully. SANDFORD CALDWELL. ! wish to add that since that time -wcr.rv years ao I luve had r.o return t-f try l uL e. The cure was a perfect and lasting one. S. CALm iXL. I know of ihe above csc and can ccr...y to the truiti of the forefotnf. L. UAWLS. Druggist.

From Akron, Ohio -Consumption Cured Akuov, Ohio, I Dk. J. H. Srnr.xcK: Teh. 17th. iSci. J Dear Sir Having bcrn asked by ruar.y rr. regard .0 your medicines, and the benefit I had received from lhem, I have concluded togiveyo.t r.n account of my case. In the Winter t 17 ; I was pronounced .111 incurable Consumptive tv every physician in this place, as well as mtv.-ki! 11 Cleveland.. 1 had a'l the symptom, ox;:;a, ntj.ht sea;s. preai debility atj loss of flesh. 1 w;.s rtdttitrd ir. weirhr from one hundred and titty piundf t t li. lit y rundi I liad k-iven up all hope .f recover-.-, when Was told by Mr. James Scanian that "lie ha:l use.! yojr rr.euiciiies with zyl ciT. et, a:vi he advisL'.i'imr t give then a trial, alia u,-h Iii nt think he believed they would cure nie. t -r 1 was sick at this time that no one thought that 1 would ever get well. 1 tiiouat. however, t'iat they nuyht give me temporar relief, and with tins object I commenced to use your Pulmonic Syrup. I had rn.t taken it two days before 1 felt gre.it relief, especally in the severity of my cough. 1 then took the Mandrake Pills and Seaweed Tonic, and in two weeks my .ipietitc came back, and 1 bega-i 10 gain strength. I took your medicines for about three months. I was too sick to do any kind of work for two years. Your medicines made a perfect cure, and 1 have been in good health ever since. J do not know that 1 can say ra.ire than this, unless it that 1 believe your medicines to be pud, .id thatthey will do all that you say they will do. Yours Very Truly, I.A. REILLY. From Mr. John G. "othucT:er, of Slu-Iby, Ohio. Dr. J. H. SOHFMic Philadelphia: Dear Sir In May, 187 ), I caught a heavy cold, which gradually settled on ny luncTS, causing great difficulty and pain in breathing. I could not rest at nitjhl, being kept awake by couphing. The loss of sleep and apjietitj at U-.1 reduced me very mucfi from i'k pounds, my usual weight when in heslth, to i j ianJs. I t Hjk the prescriptions of p!iyscians, but they did mc no good, tine day, while locking over the C'l.rvixAM) i.t, I noticccl that your medicines luui cured m my cases tliat were at leat as bad as mine, and so coniiudcd to use them. They were rather siow in their action at first, but after I had use J tiicm i'or a couple ol weeks. I saw that I was L'ci'lntr b' tter; mv appetite improved, the pain and ili iiculty in breathing was relieved, and after usin? e;?ht bottles I lei that 1 was restored to pcrKv: health. I soon recovered my former weiglit. an.l 1 have bec'i cjuite well ever since. I am s-iti-ticd t'i " I owe my recovery entirely to yonr Pulmonrc Syru;, Scuvetd Tonic an J Mandrake Pills. Truly Yours, JOHN C. XOTHACKF.K. W:-h C. It. ArJitn.Shclbv, Richmond Co., Ol m-. I et. ns iL :.). From Mr. Kolx-rt V. .Ion-., of Ixnidotu Ohio. i'Mif'V, Onto. ; Dk SuirNck: , October 9th, i.-. Dear Sir About four years apo 1 was taken-m kwiih what my physicians told ir.c v;:s CcnsuntptH-n cf ihe Lünes. I h.vl a bad couch, and was reduced very much in mv weight. At different times, I had seven physicians of this, plat e an i also aw'fmm Bloom -.hurt, attending ic. and although they al thought they coulü help me, 1 jirew worse rcrr fast under their treatment. I waj compelled give up rdl business frr over two years, and no one believed, nor did I myself believe, that I could ever get well. One day i hajjjH.-ned to call at Mr. Auburn Smith's Drug Store, in this place, ana picked ut one of yuur pamphlets. In? reading the certificates of cures, 1 found one case so nearly like my own that 1 at once Conducted to give your medcuies a trial. 1 bought the Seaweed Tonic, Pulmonic Syrup and Mandrake Pills, and began their use according to the printed directions, and I can truly say, that from tiie tirst I Saw a narked 1 approvement in all my symptoms. This encouraged me to continue their ue urtil 1 was entirely well. 1 ha ve had good health since, my recovery, and 1 believe your medicines saved my live. 1 know of several other persons in this city tjtat have been -urcd by your remedies. Yours Truly, . KOiiKKT W. JOXES Guard the System Against MALARIA By Using DR. SCHENCK'S MANDRAKE PSLLS, The Great Vegotable Substitute for Mercury. They will euro Chills and Fever. Thsy will cure Diarrhoea. They will euro obstinato Constipapat ion, leaving tho Stomach and bowels in a healthy condition, r They will euro Liver Complaint, that great forerunner of Consumption . DR. SCHENCK'S MANDRAKE PILLS Do not produce sickness at the Stonv.ch. nausea or griping. On the contrary, they re so mild and ag-ecable in their action that a person t.uflcrirpr with a sick headache, sour stomach, or p?m in !- bowels, is speedily relieved cf these distresmngsymptoms. They act directly on the liver, the organ which, when in a heaid-y condition, purities Uie blood fur the whole body. They are a perfect preparation of that great atwT well-known remedy. Mandrake or podoi hyllin, remedy that has displaced the use cf n-.creuryas wrll as many other poisonous drug?, in the practice of every intelligent physician. Prd. John King, of the College f f Medicine, ef Cincinnati, says: "In Consiipaii-m it acMsapaa the bowels without disposing them to Kvbsecruenf costivencss. In Chronic Liver Corrpl.ir.t there is. not lis eijii:;l in the whole range r-f rrcclicracs. being vastly more useful than mercurial :a'--n:s.anusinj-the liver to healvhy action, in ra.-iri- iht flow a 1 bile, and kccpuig of these action lonrer I'l l t ?ryethcr agent with which we are nccjuain'.cdl" iSeemerican Dispensatory, paßt o. In all eases of Liver Complaint or Dviy-j-ii,. W -en there ts great w eakness rr debility, "Ir. Scienrk'a Keaweed Tonic should be u-.ed in connection with thov Pilis. DR. SCHENCK'S MEDICINES, MA1TDRAEE PILLS, SEAWEED TONIC, and PULMONIC SYF.TJP Are sold by ah Druggists, and full directics fot their use arc ainicd on the wrappers, of every package. - --